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mitigation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: interference mitigation"> <meta name="keywords" content="interference mitigation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="interference mitigation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1365</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: interference mitigation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1155</span> Recent Volatility in Islamic Banking Sector of Bangladesh: Nexus Between Economy, Religion and Politics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Kader">Abdul Kader</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to investigate several contributory factors to recent volatility in the Islamic Banking sector of Bangladesh. In particular, the study explores corporate governance, credit management, credit regulations, inept board of directors, using religious sentiment as a means to deceive general people, and the degree of political interference as potential contributory factors. To find the correlation among different variables, semi-structured questionnaires were distributed among the clients, bank managers, some Banking scholars and ex-members of the board of directors of three Islamic Banks in Bangladesh. Later, ten interviews were collected from key informants to gain in-depth information about the present mismanagement of Islamic Banks in Bangladesh. After then, data were analyzed using statistical software and substantiated by secondary sources like newspapers, reports and investigative reports aired in screen media. The paper found a correlation between almost all contributory factors and recent unstable conditions in the Islamic banking sector. After performing regression analysis, this paper found a more significant relationship between some of the contributory factors with Banking volatility than others. For instance, credit management, inept board of directors, depriving customers of proving no profit in the name of business—no interest-- and political interference have a strong significant positive correlation with the present poor condition of Islamic Banking. This paper concludes that while internal management is important in recovering the losses, the government needs to ensure framing better policy for the Islamic Banking system, Central Bank needs to supervise and monitor all Islamic banks meticulously and loan receivers must go through the impartial evaluation and approved by the representatives of the Central Shariah Board. This paper also recommends that there is a need to strengthen the auditing system and improve regulatory oversight of the Islamic Banks in Bangladesh. Policy recommendations that this paper put forward could provide an outline for dealing with the existing challenging condition of Islamic Banks and these could be applied to similar problems in other countries where the Islamic Banking model exists. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20bank" title="Islamic bank">Islamic bank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volatility%20in%20banking%20sector" title=" volatility in banking sector"> volatility in banking sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shariah%20law" title=" shariah law"> shariah law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credit%20management" title=" credit management"> credit management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20interference" title=" political interference"> political interference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165513/recent-volatility-in-islamic-banking-sector-of-bangladesh-nexus-between-economy-religion-and-politics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1154</span> An Energy Holes Avoidance Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Khan">A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Mahmood"> H. Mahmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs), sensor nodes close to water surface (final destination) are often preferred for selection as forwarders. However, their frequent selection makes them depleted of their limited battery power. In consequence, these nodes die during early stage of network operation and create energy holes where forwarders are not available for packets forwarding. These holes severely affect network throughput. As a result, system performance significantly degrades. In this paper, a routing protocol is proposed to avoid energy holes during packets forwarding. The proposed protocol does not require the conventional position information (localization) of holes to avoid them. Localization is cumbersome; energy is inefficient and difficult to achieve in underwater environment where sensor nodes change their positions with water currents. Forwarders with the lowest water pressure level and the maximum number of neighbors are preferred to forward packets. These two parameters together minimize packet drop by following the paths where maximum forwarders are available. To avoid interference along the paths with the maximum forwarders, a packet holding time is defined for each forwarder. Simulation results reveal superior performance of the proposed scheme than the counterpart technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20holes" title="energy holes">energy holes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference" title=" interference"> interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater" title=" underwater"> underwater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77618/an-energy-holes-avoidance-routing-protocol-for-underwater-wireless-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1153</span> Impact of Natural and Artificial Disasters, Lackadaisical and Semantic Approach in Risk Management, and Mitigation Implication for Sustainable Goals in Nigeria, from 2009 to 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisdom%20Robert%20Duruji">Wisdom Robert Duruji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moses%20Kanayochukwu%20Ifoh"> Moses Kanayochukwu Ifoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Efeoghene%20Edward%20Esiemunobo"> Efeoghene Edward Esiemunobo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the impact of natural and artificial disasters, lackadaisical and semantic approach in risk management, and mitigation implication for sustainable development goals in Nigeria, from 2009 to 2022. The study utilizes a range of research methods to achieve its objectives. These include literature review, website knowledge, Google search, news media information, academic journals, field-work and on-site observations. These diverse methods allow for a comprehensive analysis on the impact and the implications being study. The study finds that paradigm shift from remediating seismic, flooding, environmental pollution and degradation natural disasters by Nigeria Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), to political and charity organization; has plunged risk reduction strategies to embezzling opportunities. However, this lackadaisical and semantic approach in natural disaster mitigation, invariably replicates artificial disasters in Nigeria through: Boko Haram terrorist organization, Fulani herdsmen and farmers conflicts, political violence, kidnapping for ransom, ethnic conflicts, Religious dichotomy, insurgency, secession protagonists, unknown-gun-men, and banditry. This study also, finds that some Africans still engage in self-imposed slavery through human trafficking, by nefariously stow-away to Europe; through Libya, Sahara desert and Mediterranean sea; in search for job opportunities, due to ineptitude in governance by their leaders; a perilous journey that enhanced artificial disasters in Nigeria. That artificial disaster fatality in Nigeria increased from about 5,655 in 2009 to 114,318 in 2018; and to 157,643 in 2022. However, financial and material loss of about $9.29 billion was incurred in Nigeria due to natural disaster, while about $70.59 billion was accrued due to artificial disaster; from 2009 to 2018. Although disaster risk mitigation and politics can synergistically support sustainable development goals; however, they are different entities, and need for distinct separations in Nigeria, as in reality and perception. This study concluded that referendum should be conducted in Nigeria, to ascertain its current status as a nation. Therefore it is recommended that Nigerian governments should refine its naturally endowed crude oil locally; to end fuel subsidy scam, corruption and poverty in Nigeria! <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20risk%20analysis" title=" environmental risk analysis"> environmental risk analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=referendum" title=" referendum"> referendum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186144/impact-of-natural-and-artificial-disasters-lackadaisical-and-semantic-approach-in-risk-management-and-mitigation-implication-for-sustainable-goals-in-nigeria-from-2009-to-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1152</span> Feasibility Studies in Public Construction Projects in South Africa: Barriers and Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20O.%20Otasowie">Kenneth O. Otasowie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Ikuabe"> Matthew Ikuabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clinton%20Aigbavboa"> Clinton Aigbavboa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayodeji%20Oke"> Ayodeji Oke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The practice of feasibility studies plays a huge role in the success of construction projects. Feasibility studies according to several research should be the reason for embarking on any project. However, it has been discovered that in South Africa (SA), feasibility studies are mainly done in the private sector construction but skipped in the construction of most public projects. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the barriers to feasibility studies practice in public projects and the implications. A survey design was adopted. A total number of One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were administered to Quantity Surveyors, Construction managers, Construction project managers, Project managers, Architects and Civil and Structural engineers in Guateng Province, SA and ninety (90) were returned and found suitable for analysis. Collected data was analysed using percentage, mean item score, standard deviation, one-sample t-test. The findings show that political interference and corruption are the most significant barriers to feasibility studies practice in the public construction projects in SA, while late project completion, poor quality infrastructure are among the implication of not conducting feasibility studies in SA public projects. Therefore, the study recommends the development of a framework for public projects execution that will reduce the interference of the political class in the country, that way the risk of late project completion and poor quality infrastructure will be mitigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arriers" title="arriers">arriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility%20studies" title=" feasibility studies"> feasibility studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20construction" title=" public construction"> public construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa." title=" South Africa."> South Africa.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157485/feasibility-studies-in-public-construction-projects-in-south-africa-barriers-and-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1151</span> The Learning Loops in the Public Realm Project in South Verona: Air Quality and Noise Pollution Participatory Data Collection towards Co-Design, Planning and Construction of Mitigation Measures in Urban Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimiliano%20Condotta">Massimiliano Condotta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giovanni%20Borga"> Giovanni Borga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiara%20Scanagatta"> Chiara Scanagatta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban systems are places where the various actors involved interact and enter in conflict, in particular with reference to topics such as traffic congestion and security. But topics of discussion, and often clash because of their strong complexity, are air and noise pollution. For air pollution, the complexity stems from the fact that atmospheric pollution is due to many factors, but above all, the observation and measurement of the amount of pollution of a transparent, mobile and ethereal element like air is very difficult. Often the perceived condition of the inhabitants does not coincide with the real conditions, because it is conditioned - sometimes in positive ways other in negative ways - from many other factors such as the presence, or absence, of natural elements such as trees or rivers. These problems are seen with noise pollution as well, which is also less considered as an issue even if it’s problematic just as much as air quality. Starting from these opposite positions, it is difficult to identify and implement valid, and at the same time shared, mitigation solutions for the problem of urban pollution (air and noise pollution). The LOOPER (Learning Loops in the Public Realm) project –described in this paper – wants to build and test a methodology and a platform for participatory co-design, planning, and construction process inside a learning loop process. Novelties in this approach are various; the most relevant are three. The first is that citizens participation starts since from the research of problems and air quality analysis through a participatory data collection, and that continues in all process steps (design and construction). The second is that the methodology is characterized by a learning loop process. It means that after the first cycle of (1) problems identification, (2) planning and definition of design solution and (3) construction and implementation of mitigation measures, the effectiveness of implemented solutions is measured and verified through a new participatory data collection campaign. In this way, it is possible to understand if the policies and design solution had a positive impact on the territory. As a result of the learning process produced by the first loop, it will be possible to improve the design of the mitigation measures and start the second loop with new and more effective measures. The third relevant aspect is that the citizens' participation is carried out via Urban Living Labs that involve all stakeholder of the city (citizens, public administrators, associations of all urban stakeholders,…) and that the Urban Living Labs last for all the cycling of the design, planning and construction process. The paper will describe in detail the LOOPER methodology and the technical solution adopted for the participatory data collection and design and construction phases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality" title="air quality">air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-design" title=" co-design"> co-design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20loops" title=" learning loops"> learning loops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise%20pollution" title=" noise pollution"> noise pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20living%20labs" title=" urban living labs"> urban living labs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82988/the-learning-loops-in-the-public-realm-project-in-south-verona-air-quality-and-noise-pollution-participatory-data-collection-towards-co-design-planning-and-construction-of-mitigation-measures-in-urban-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1150</span> A Compact Ultra-Wide Band Antenna with C-Shaped Slot for WLAN Notching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Rasool">Maryam Rasool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhan%20Munir"> Farhan Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Nawaz"> Fahad Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Ahmad"> Saad Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A patch antenna operating in the Ultra-Wide Band of frequency (3.1 GHz – 10.6 GHz) is designed with enhanced security from interference from other applications by incorporating the notching technique. Patch antennas in the Ultra-Wide Band are becoming widely famous due to their low power, light weight and high data rate capability. Micro strip patch antenna’s patch can be altered to increase its bandwidth and introduce UWB character in it. The designed antenna is a patch antenna consisting of a conductive sheet of metal mounted over a large sheet of metal called the ground plane with a substrate separating the two. Notched bands are public safety WLAN, WLAN and FSS. Different techniques used to implement the UWB antenna were individually implemented and there results were examined. V shaped patch was then chosen and modified to an arrow shaped patch to give the optimized results operating on the entire UWB region with considerable return loss. The frequency notch prevents the operation of the antenna at a particular range of frequency, hence minimizing interference from other systems. There are countless techniques for introducing the notch but we have used inverted C-shaped slots in the UWB patch to get the notch characteristics as output and also wavelength resonators to introduce notch in UWB band. The designed antenna is simulated in High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) 13.0 by Ansoft. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HFSS" title="HFSS">HFSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Notch" title=" Notch"> Notch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB" title=" UWB"> UWB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WLAN" title=" WLAN"> WLAN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66385/a-compact-ultra-wide-band-antenna-with-c-shaped-slot-for-wlan-notching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1149</span> Hybrid Weighted Multiple Attribute Decision Making Handover Method for Heterogeneous Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohanad%20Alhabo">Mohanad Alhabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Zhang"> Li Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Nawaz"> Naveed Nawaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Small cell deployment in 5G networks is a promising technology to enhance capacity and coverage. However, unplanned deployment may cause high interference levels and high number of unnecessary handovers, which in turn will result in an increase in the signalling overhead. To guarantee service continuity, minimize unnecessary handovers, and reduce signalling overhead in heterogeneous networks, it is essential to properly model the handover decision problem. In this paper, we model the handover decision according to Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method, specifically Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In this paper, we propose a hybrid TOPSIS method to control the handover in heterogeneous network. The proposed method adopts a hybrid weighting, which is a combination of entropy and standard deviation. A hybrid weighting control parameter is introduced to balance the impact of the standard deviation and entropy weighting on the network selection process and the overall performance. Our proposed method shows better performance, in terms of the number of frequent handovers and the mean user throughput, compared to the existing methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handover" title="handover">handover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HetNets" title=" HetNets"> HetNets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference" title=" interference"> interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MADM" title=" MADM"> MADM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20cells" title=" small cells"> small cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOPSIS" title=" TOPSIS"> TOPSIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight" title=" weight"> weight</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129187/hybrid-weighted-multiple-attribute-decision-making-handover-method-for-heterogeneous-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1148</span> Development of Corn (Zea mays L.) Stalk Geotextile Net for Soil Erosion Mitigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristina%20S.%20Decano">Cristina S. Decano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitaliana%20U.%20Malamug"> Vitaliana U. Malamug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melissa%20E.%20Agulto"> Melissa E. Agulto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20F.%20Gavino"> Helen F. Gavino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to introduce new natural fiber to be used in the production of geotextile net for mitigation of soil erosion. Fiber extraction from the stalks was the main challenge faced during the processing of stalks to ropes. Thus, an investigation on the extraction procedures of corn (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) stalk under biological and chemical retting was undertaken. Results indicated significant differences among percent fiber yield as affected by the retting methods used with values of 15.07%, 12.97%, 11.60%, and 9.01%, for dew, water, chemical (1 day after harvest and15 days after harvest), respectively, with the corresponding average extracting duration of 70, 82, 89, and 94 minutes. Physical characterization of the developed corn stalk geotextile net resulted to average mass per unit area of 806.25 g/m<sup>2</sup> and 241% water absorbing capacity. The effect of corn stalk geotextile net in mitigating soil erosion was evaluated in a laboratory experiment for 30<sup>o</sup> and 60<sup>o</sup> inclinations with three treatments: bare soil (A<sub>1</sub>), corn stalk geotextile net (A<sub>2</sub>) and combined cornstalk geotextile net and vegetation cover (A<sub>3</sub>). Results revealed that treatment A<sub>2 </sub>and A<sub>3</sub> significantly decreased sediment yield and an increase in terms of soil loss reduction efficiency. The cost of corn stalk geotextile net is Php 62.41 per square meter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn%20stalk" title="corn stalk">corn stalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20geotextile" title=" natural geotextile"> natural geotextile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retting" title=" retting"> retting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20erosion" title=" soil erosion"> soil erosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49965/development-of-corn-zea-mays-l-stalk-geotextile-net-for-soil-erosion-mitigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1147</span> Study of the Mega–Landslide at the Community of Ropoto, Central Greece, and of the Design of Mitigation and Early Warning System Using the Fiber Bragg Grating Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Bellas">Michael Bellas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Voulgaridis"> George Voulgaridis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper refers to the world known mega - landslide induced at the community of Ropoto, belonging to the Municipality of Trikala, in the Central part of Greece. The landslide affected the debris as well as the colluvium mantle of the flysch, and makes up a special case of study in engineering geology and geotechnical engineering not only because of the size of the domain affected by the landslide (approximately 750m long), but also because of the geostructure’s global behavior. Due to the landslide, the whole community’s infrastructure massively collapsed and human lives were put in danger. After the complete simulation of the coupled Seepage - Deformation phenomenon due to the extreme rainfall, and by closely examining the slope’s global behavior, both the mitigation of the landslide, as well as, an advanced surveillance method (Fiber Bragg Grating) using fiber optics were further studied, in order both to retain the geostructure and to monitor its health by creating an early warning system, which would serve as a complete safety net for saving both the community’s infrastructure as well as the lives of its habitats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslide" title="landslide">landslide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remediation%20measures" title=" remediation measures"> remediation measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20finite%20element%20method%20%28FEM%29" title=" the finite element method (FEM)"> the finite element method (FEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiber%20Bragg%20Grating%20%28FBG%29%20sensing%20method" title=" Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing method"> Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71430/study-of-the-mega-landslide-at-the-community-of-ropoto-central-greece-and-of-the-design-of-mitigation-and-early-warning-system-using-the-fiber-bragg-grating-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1146</span> Efficiency Improvement of Ternary Nanofluid Within a Solar Photovoltaic Unit Combined with Thermoelectric Considering Environmental Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Sheikholeslami">Mohsen Sheikholeslami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Khalili"> Zahra Khalili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ladan%20Momayez"> Ladan Momayez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Impacts of environmental parameters and dust deposition on the efficiency of solar panel have been scrutinized in this article. To gain thermal output, trapezoidal cooling channel has been attached in the bottom of the panel incorporating ternary nanofluid. To produce working fluid, water has been mixed with Fe₃O₄-TiO₂-GO nanoparticles. Also, the arrangement of fins has been considered to grow the cooling rate of the silicon layer. The existence of a thermoelectric layer above the cooling channel leads to higher electrical output. Efficacy of ambient temperature (Ta), speed of wind (V𝓌ᵢₙ𝒹) and inlet temperature (Tᵢₙ) and velocity (Vin) of ternary nanofluid on performance of PVT has been assessed. As Tin increases, electrical efficiency declines about 3.63%. Increase of ambient temperature makes thermal performance enhance about 33.46%. The PVT efficiency decreases about 13.14% and 16.6% with augment of wind speed and dust deposition. CO₂ mitigation has been reduced about 15.49% in presence of dust while it increases about 17.38% with growth of ambient temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20system" title="photovoltaic system">photovoltaic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20mitigation" title=" CO₂ mitigation"> CO₂ mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ternary%20nanofluid" title=" ternary nanofluid"> ternary nanofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelectric%20generator" title=" thermoelectric generator"> thermoelectric generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20parameters" title=" environmental parameters"> environmental parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapezoidal%20cooling%20channel" title=" trapezoidal cooling channel"> trapezoidal cooling channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172255/efficiency-improvement-of-ternary-nanofluid-within-a-solar-photovoltaic-unit-combined-with-thermoelectric-considering-environmental-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1145</span> Enhancing a Recidivism Prediction Tool with Machine Learning: Effectiveness and Algorithmic Fairness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marzieh%20Karimihaghighi">Marzieh Karimihaghighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Castillo"> Carlos Castillo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work studies how Machine Learning (ML) may be used to increase the effectiveness of a criminal recidivism risk assessment tool, RisCanvi. The two key dimensions of this analysis are predictive accuracy and algorithmic fairness. ML-based prediction models obtained in this study are more accurate at predicting criminal recidivism than the manually-created formula used in RisCanvi, achieving an AUC of 0.76 and 0.73 in predicting violent and general recidivism respectively. However, the improvements are small, and it is noticed that algorithmic discrimination can easily be introduced between groups such as national vs foreigner, or young vs old. It is described how effectiveness and algorithmic fairness objectives can be balanced, applying a method in which a single error disparity in terms of generalized false positive rate is minimized, while calibration is maintained across groups. Obtained results show that this bias mitigation procedure can substantially reduce generalized false positive rate disparities across multiple groups. Based on these results, it is proposed that ML-based criminal recidivism risk prediction should not be introduced without applying algorithmic bias mitigation procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithmic%20fairness" title="algorithmic fairness">algorithmic fairness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20risk%20assessment" title=" criminal risk assessment"> criminal risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equalized%20odds" title=" equalized odds"> equalized odds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recidivism" title=" recidivism"> recidivism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130161/enhancing-a-recidivism-prediction-tool-with-machine-learning-effectiveness-and-algorithmic-fairness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1144</span> Trees for Air Pollution Tolerance to Develop Green Belts as an Ecological Mitigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahma%20Al%20Maawali">Rahma Al Maawali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hameed%20Sulaiman"> Hameed Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Air pollution both from point and non-point sources is difficult to control once released in to the atmosphere. There is no engineering method known available to ameliorate the dispersed pollutants. The only suitable approach is the ecological method of constructing green belts in and around the pollution sources. Air pollution in Muscat, Oman is a serious concern due to ever increasing vehicles on roads. Identifying the air pollution tolerance levels of species is important for implementing pollution control strategies in the urban areas of Muscat. Hence, in the present study, Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) for ten avenue tree species was evaluated by analyzing four bio-chemical parameters, plus their Anticipated Performance Index (API) in field conditions. Based on the two indices, <em>Ficus benghalensis</em> was the most suitable one with the highest performance score. <em>Conocarpus erectuse, Phoenix dactylifera</em>, and <em>Pithcellobium dulce </em>were found to be good performers and are recommended for extensive planting. <em>Azadirachta indica</em> which is preferred for its dense canopy is qualified in the moderate category. The rest of the tree species expressed lower API score of less than 51, hence cannot be considered as suitable species for pollution mitigation plantation projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution%20tolerance%20index%20%28APTI%29" title="air pollution tolerance index (APTI)">air pollution tolerance index (APTI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avenue%20tree%20species" title=" avenue tree species"> avenue tree species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-chemical%20parameters" title=" bio-chemical parameters"> bio-chemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscat" title=" muscat"> muscat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56371/trees-for-air-pollution-tolerance-to-develop-green-belts-as-an-ecological-mitigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1143</span> Mitigating Supply Chain Risk for Sustainability Using Big Data Knowledge: Evidence from the Manufacturing Supply Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mani%20Venkatesh">Mani Venkatesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catarina%20Delgado"> Catarina Delgado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purvishkumar%20Patel"> Purvishkumar Patel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The sustainable supply chain is gaining popularity among practitioners because of increased environmental degradation and stakeholder awareness. On the other hand supply chain, risk management is very crucial for the practitioners as it potentially disrupts supply chain operations. Prediction and addressing the risk caused by social issues in the supply chain is paramount importance to the sustainable enterprise. More recently, the usage of Big data analytics for forecasting business trends has been gaining momentum among professionals. The aim of the research is to explore the application of big data, predictive analytics in successfully mitigating supply chain social risk and demonstrate how such mitigation can help in achieving sustainability (environmental, economic & social). The method involves the identification and validation of social issues in the supply chain by an expert panel and survey. Later, we used a case study to illustrate the application of big data in the successful identification and mitigation of social issues in the supply chain. Our result shows that the company can predict various social issues through big data, predictive analytics and mitigate the social risk. We also discuss the implication of this research to the body of knowledge and practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title="big data">big data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20social%20sustainability" title=" supply chain social sustainability"> supply chain social sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20risk" title=" social risk"> social risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title=" case study "> case study </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62709/mitigating-supply-chain-risk-for-sustainability-using-big-data-knowledge-evidence-from-the-manufacturing-supply-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1142</span> Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI) Mapping in Extreme Heat Days Coupled with Air Pollution Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Technique: A Case Study of Amiens, France</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiman%20Mazhar%20Qureshi">Aiman Mazhar Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Rachid"> Ahmed Rachid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extreme heat events are emerging human environmental health concerns in dense urban areas due to anthropogenic activities. High spatial and temporal resolution heat maps are important for urban heat adaptation and mitigation, helping to indicate hotspots that are required for the attention of city planners. The Heat Vulnerability Index (HVI) is the important approach used by decision-makers and urban planners to identify heat-vulnerable communities and areas that require heat stress mitigation strategies. Amiens is a medium-sized French city, where the average temperature has been increasing since the year 2000 by +1°C. Extreme heat events are recorded in the month of July for the last three consecutive years, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Poor air quality, especially ground-level ozone, has been observed mainly during the same hot period. In this study, we evaluated the HVI in Amiens during extreme heat days recorded last three years (2018,2019,2020). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique is used for fine-scale vulnerability mapping. The main data we considered for this study to develop the HVI model are (a) socio-economic and demographic data; (b) Air pollution; (c) Land use and cover; (d) Elderly heat-illness; (e) socially vulnerable; (f) Remote sensing data (Land surface temperature (LST), mean elevation, NDVI and NDWI). The output maps identified the hot zones through comprehensive GIS analysis. The resultant map shows that high HVI exists in three typical areas: (1) where the population density is quite high and the vegetation cover is small (2) the artificial surfaces (built-in areas) (3) industrial zones that release thermal energy and ground-level ozone while those with low HVI are located in natural landscapes such as rivers and grasslands. The study also illustrates the system theory with a causal diagram after data analysis where anthropogenic activities and air pollution appear in correspondence with extreme heat events in the city. Our suggested index can be a useful tool to guide urban planners and municipalities, decision-makers and public health professionals in targeting areas at high risk of extreme heat and air pollution for future interventions adaptation and mitigation measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20vulnerability%20index" title="heat vulnerability index">heat vulnerability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20mapping" title=" heat mapping"> heat mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20health-illness" title=" heat health-illness"> heat health-illness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20mitigation" title=" urban heat mitigation"> urban heat mitigation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146842/heat-vulnerability-index-hvi-mapping-in-extreme-heat-days-coupled-with-air-pollution-using-principal-component-analysis-pca-technique-a-case-study-of-amiens-france" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1141</span> Research on the Optimization of the Facility Layout of Efficient Cafeterias for Troops</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qing%20Zhang">Qing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiachen%20Nie"> Jiachen Nie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yujia%20Wen"> Yujia Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guanyuan%20Kou"> Guanyuan Kou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Yu"> Peng Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kun%20Xia"> Kun Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Yang"> Qin Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Ding"> Li Ding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND: A facility layout problem (FLP) is an NP-complete (non-deterministic polynomial) problem, which is hard to obtain an exact optimal solution. FLP has been widely studied in various limited spaces and workflows. For example, cafeterias with many types of equipment for troops cause chaotic processes when dining. OBJECTIVE: This article tried to optimize the layout of troops’ cafeteria and to improve the overall efficiency of the dining process. METHODS: First, the original cafeteria layout design scheme was analyzed from an ergonomic perspective and two new design schemes were generated. Next, three facility layout models were designed, and further simulation was applied to compare the total time and density of troops between each scheme. Last, an experiment of the dining process with video observation and analysis verified the simulation results. RESULTS: In a simulation, the dining time under the second new layout is shortened by 2.25% and 1.89% (p<0.0001, p=0.0001) compared with the other two layouts, while troops-flow density and interference both greatly reduced in the two new layouts. In the experiment, process completing time and the number of interference reduced as well, which verified corresponding simulation results. CONCLUSIONS: Our two new layout schemes are tested to be optimal by a series of simulation and space experiments. In future research, similar approaches could be applied when taking layout-design algorithm calculation into consideration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layout%20optimization" title="layout optimization">layout optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dining%20efficiency" title=" dining efficiency"> dining efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=troops%E2%80%99%20cafeteria" title=" troops’ cafeteria"> troops’ cafeteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anylogic%20simulation" title=" anylogic simulation"> anylogic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20experiment" title=" field experiment"> field experiment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143500/research-on-the-optimization-of-the-facility-layout-of-efficient-cafeterias-for-troops" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1140</span> Risk Mitigation of Data Causality Analysis Requirements AI Act</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rapha%C3%ABl%20Weuts">Raphaël Weuts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mykyta%20Petik"> Mykyta Petik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Vedder"> Anton Vedder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artificial Intelligence has the potential to create and already creates enormous value in healthcare. Prescriptive systems might be able to make the use of healthcare capacity more efficient. Such systems might entail interpretations that exclude the effect of confounders that brings risks with it. Those risks might be mitigated by regulation that prevents systems entailing such risks to come to market. One modality of regulation is that of legislation, and the European AI Act is an example of such a regulatory instrument that might mitigate these risks. To assess the risk mitigation potential of the AI Act for those risks, this research focusses on a case study of a hypothetical application of medical device software that entails the aforementioned risks. The AI Act refers to the harmonised norms for already existing legislation, here being the European medical device regulation. The issue at hand is a causal link between a confounder and the value the algorithm optimises for by proxy. The research identifies where the AI Act already looks at confounders (i.a. feedback loops in systems that continue to learn after being placed on the market). The research identifies where the current proposal by parliament leaves legal uncertainty on the necessity to check for confounders that do not influence the input of the system, when the system does not continue to learn after being placed on the market. The authors propose an amendment to article 15 of the AI Act that would require high-risk systems to be developed in such a way as to mitigate risks from those aforementioned confounders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI%20Act" title="AI Act">AI Act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confounders" title=" confounders"> confounders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risks" title=" risks"> risks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170546/risk-mitigation-of-data-causality-analysis-requirements-ai-act" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1139</span> Assessment of Environmental Impact of Rain Water and Industrial Water Leakage in the Libyan Iron and Steel Company in the Sea Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Alzarug%20Aburugba">Mohamed Alzarug Aburugba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashid%20Mohamed%20Eltanashi"> Rashid Mohamed Eltanashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rainwater is considered an essential water resource, as it contributes to filling the deficit in water resources, especially in countries that suffer from a scarcity of natural water sources. One of the important issues facing the Water and Gas Services Department at the Libyan Iron and Steel Company is the large loss of quantities of industrial water, both direct and indirect cooling water (DCW, ICW), produced within the company due to leaks in the cooling systems of the factories of the Libyan Iron and Steel Company. These amounts of polluted industrial water leakage are mixed with rainwater collected by stormwater stations (6 stations) in LISCO, which is pumped to the sea through pumps with a very high flow rate, and thus, this will carry a lot of waste, heavy metals, and oils to the sea, which negatively affects marine environmental resources. This paper assesses the environmental impact of the quantities of rainwater and mixed industrial water in stormwater stations in the Libyan Iron and Steel Company and methods of mitigation, treating pollutants and reusing them as industrial water in the production processes of the steel industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainwater" title="rainwater">rainwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact" title=" impact"> impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage" title=" sewage"> sewage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20water." title=" industrial water."> industrial water.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181201/assessment-of-environmental-impact-of-rain-water-and-industrial-water-leakage-in-the-libyan-iron-and-steel-company-in-the-sea-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1138</span> Safety Assessment and Prophylactic Efficacy of Moringa stenopetala Leaf Extract Through Mitigation of Oxidative Stress in BV-2 Microglial Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Adeniyi%20Adefegha">Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitor%20Mostardeiro"> Vitor Mostardeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Maria%20Morsch"> Vera Maria Morsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ademir%20F.%20Morel"> Ademir F. Morel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Beatrice%20Manica%20Da%20Cruz"> Ivana Beatrice Manica Da Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Somacal%20Maria%20Rosa%20Chitolina%20Schetinger"> Sabrina Somacal Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moringa stenopetala is often consumed as food and used in folkloric medicine for the management of several diseases. Purpose: This study was set up in order to assess the effect of aqueous extract of Moringa stenopetala on cell viability and oxidative stress biomarkers in BV-2 microglial cells. Aqueous extracts of M. stenopetala were prepared, lyophilized and reconstituted in 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Cells were treated with M. stenopetala extracts (0.1 - 100 µg/ml) for cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production tests. However, M. stenopetala extract (50 µg/ml) was used in the treatment of cells for the determination of protein carbonyl content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Incubation of BV-2 microglia cell with M. stenopetala extract maintained cell viability, diminished NO and ROS levels, and reduced protein carbonyl contents Chlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferol and quercetin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds identified in M. stenopetala leaf extract. These phenolic compounds present in M. stenopetala may be responsible for the mitigation of oxidative stress in BV-2 microglial cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title="oxidative stress">oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BV-2%20microglial%20cell" title=" BV-2 microglial cell"> BV-2 microglial cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20stenopetala" title=" Moringa stenopetala"> Moringa stenopetala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20viability" title=" cell viability"> cell viability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157189/safety-assessment-and-prophylactic-efficacy-of-moringa-stenopetala-leaf-extract-through-mitigation-of-oxidative-stress-in-bv-2-microglial-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1137</span> Error Analysis of Pronunciation of French by Sinhala Speaking Learners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandeera%20Gunawardena">Chandeera Gunawardena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research analyzes the pronunciation errors encountered by thirty Sinhala speaking learners of French on the assumption that the pronunciation errors were systematic and they reflect the interference of the native language of the learners. The thirty participants were selected using random sampling method. By the time of the study, the subjects were studying French as a foreign language for their Bachelor of Arts Degree at University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. The participants were from a homogenous linguistics background. All participants speak the same native language (Sinhala) thus they had completed their secondary education in Sinhala medium and during which they had also learnt French as a foreign language. A battery operated audio tape recorder and a 120-minute blank cassettes were used for recording. A list comprised of 60 words representing all French phonemes was used to diagnose pronunciation difficulties. Before the recording process commenced, the subjects were requested to familiarize themselves with the words through reading them several times. The recording was conducted individually in a quiet classroom and each recording approximately took fifteen minutes. Each subject was required to read at a normal speed. After the completion of recording, the recordings were replayed to identify common errors which were immediately transcribed using the International Phonetic Alphabet. Results show that Sinhala speaking learners face problems with French nasal vowels and French initial consonants clusters. The learners also exhibit errors which occur because of their second language (English) interference. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20analysis" title="error analysis">error analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pronunciation%20difficulties" title=" pronunciation difficulties"> pronunciation difficulties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pronunciation%20errors" title=" pronunciation errors"> pronunciation errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinhala%20speaking%20learners%20of%20French" title=" Sinhala speaking learners of French"> Sinhala speaking learners of French</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14520/error-analysis-of-pronunciation-of-french-by-sinhala-speaking-learners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1136</span> Analysis of Ionosphere Anomaly Before Great Earthquake in Java on 2009 Using GPS Tec Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aldilla%20Damayanti%20Purnama%20Ratri">Aldilla Damayanti Purnama Ratri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hendri%20Subakti"> Hendri Subakti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buldan%20Muslim"> Buldan Muslim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ionosphere’s anomalies as an effect of earthquake activity is a phenomenon that is now being studied in seismo-ionospheric coupling. Generally, variation in the ionosphere caused by earthquake activity is weaker than the interference generated by different source, such as geomagnetic storms. However, disturbances of geomagnetic storms show a more global behavior, while the seismo-ionospheric anomalies occur only locally in the area which is largely determined by magnitude of the earthquake. It show that the earthquake activity is unique and because of its uniqueness it has been much research done thus expected to give clues as early warning before earthquake. One of the research that has been developed at this time is the approach of seismo-ionospheric-coupling. This study related the state in the lithosphere-atmosphere and ionosphere before and when earthquake occur. This paper choose the total electron content in a vertical (VTEC) in the ionosphere as a parameter. Total Electron Content (TEC) is defined as the amount of electron in vertical column (cylinder) with cross-section of 1m2 along GPS signal trajectory in ionosphere at around 350 km of height. Based on the analysis of data obtained from the LAPAN agency to identify abnormal signals by statistical methods, obtained that there are an anomaly in the ionosphere is characterized by decreasing of electron content of the ionosphere at 1 TECU before the earthquake occurred. Decreasing of VTEC is not associated with magnetic storm that is indicated as an earthquake precursor. This is supported by the Dst index showed no magnetic interference. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title="earthquake">earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DST%20Index" title=" DST Index"> DST Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionosphere" title=" ionosphere"> ionosphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismoionospheric%20coupling" title=" seismoionospheric coupling"> seismoionospheric coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VTEC" title=" VTEC"> VTEC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20603/analysis-of-ionosphere-anomaly-before-great-earthquake-in-java-on-2009-using-gps-tec-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">585</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1135</span> Transient Analysis and Mitigation of Capacitor Bank Switching on a Standalone Wind Farm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajibola%20O.%20Akinrinde">Ajibola O. Akinrinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Swanson"> Andrew Swanson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remy%20Tiako"> Remy Tiako</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There exist significant losses on transmission lines due to distance, as power generating stations could be located far from some isolated settlements. Standalone wind farms could be a good choice of alternative power generation for such settlements that are far from the grid due to factors of long distance or socio-economic problems. However, uncompensated wind farms consume reactive power since wind turbines are induction generators. Therefore, capacitor banks are used to compensate reactive power, which in turn improves the voltage profile of the network. Although capacitor banks help improving voltage profile, they also undergo switching actions due to its compensating response to the variation of various types of load at the consumer’s end. These switching activities could cause transient overvoltage on the network, jeopardizing the end-life of other equipment on the system. In this paper, the overvoltage caused by these switching activities is investigated using the IEEE bus 14-network to represent a standalone wind farm, and the simulation is done using ATP/EMTP software. Scenarios involving the use of pre-insertion resistor and pre-insertion inductor, as well as controlled switching was also carried out in order to decide the best mitigation option to reduce the overvoltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacitor%20banks" title="capacitor banks">capacitor banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEEE%20bus%2014-network" title=" IEEE bus 14-network"> IEEE bus 14-network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-insertion%20resistor" title=" pre-insertion resistor"> pre-insertion resistor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standalone%20wind%20farm" title=" standalone wind farm"> standalone wind farm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40420/transient-analysis-and-mitigation-of-capacitor-bank-switching-on-a-standalone-wind-farm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1134</span> A Case Study Report on Acoustic Impact Assessment and Mitigation of the Hyprob Research Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Bianco">D. Bianco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sollazzo"> A. Sollazzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Barbarino"> M. Barbarino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Elia"> G. Elia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Smoraldi"> A. Smoraldi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Favaloro"> N. Favaloro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The activities, described in the present paper, have been conducted in the framework of the HYPROB-New Program, carried out by the Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA) promoted and funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MIUR) in order to improve the National background on rocket engine systems for space applications. The Program has the strategic objective to improve National system and technology capabilities in the field of liquid rocket engines (LRE) for future Space Propulsion Systems applications, with specific regard to LOX/LCH4 technology. The main purpose of the HYPROB program is to design and build a Propulsion Test Facility (HIMP) allowing test activities on Liquid Thrusters. The development of skills in liquid rocket propulsion can only pass through extensive test campaign. Following its mission, CIRA has planned the development of new testing facilities and infrastructures for space propulsion characterized by adequate sizes and instrumentation. The IMP test cell is devoted to testing articles representative of small combustion chambers, fed with oxygen and methane, both in liquid and gaseous phase. This article describes the activities that have been carried out for the evaluation of the acoustic impact, and its consequent mitigation. The impact of the simulated acoustic disturbance has been evaluated, first, using an approximated method based on experimental data by Baumann and Coney, included in “Noise and Vibration Control Engineering” edited by Vér and Beranek. This methodology, used to evaluate the free-field radiation of jet in ideal acoustical medium, analyzes in details the jet noise and assumes sources acting at the same time. It considers as principal radiation sources the jet mixing noise, caused by the turbulent mixing of jet gas and the ambient medium. Empirical models, allowing a direct calculation of the Sound Pressure Level, are commonly used for rocket noise simulation. The model named after K. Eldred is probably one of the most exploited in this area. In this paper, an improvement of the Eldred Standard model has been used for a detailed investigation of the acoustical impact of the Hyprob facility. This new formulation contains an explicit expression for the acoustic pressure of each equivalent noise source, in terms of amplitude and phase, allowing the investigation of the sources correlation effects and their propagation through wave equations. In order to enhance the evaluation of the facility acoustic impact, including an assessment of the mitigation strategies to be set in place, a more advanced simulation campaign has been conducted using both an in-house code for noise propagation and scattering, and a commercial code for industrial noise environmental impact, CadnaA. The noise prediction obtained with the revised Eldred-based model has then been used for formulating an empirical/BEM (Boundary Element Method) hybrid approach allowing the evaluation of the barrier mitigation effect, at the design. This approach has been compared with the analogous empirical/ray-acoustics approach, implemented within CadnaA using a customized definition of sources and directivity factor. The resulting impact evaluation study is reported here, along with the design-level barrier optimization for noise mitigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20impact" title="acoustic impact">acoustic impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20noise" title=" industrial noise"> industrial noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rocket%20noise" title=" rocket noise"> rocket noise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97070/a-case-study-report-on-acoustic-impact-assessment-and-mitigation-of-the-hyprob-research-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1133</span> Feasibility and Obstacles of Air Quality Attainment in Hong Kong from 2019 to 2025</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuguo%20Zhang">Xuguo Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimmy%20Fung"> Jimmy Fung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20Leung"> Kenneth Leung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20Lau"> Alexis Lau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fine particulate matter concentrations have been decreasing in the past few years while the ozone concentrations are posing an increasing trend in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China. A series of control policies have been released to mitigate the country-wide air pollution, however, how to effectively evaluate the exercised control measures and efficiently reveal potential projected mitigation pathways are still limited. By refining an enhanced air-quality-modeling system, this study provides an account of the air quality assessments from 2019 to 2025 to appraise the air quality results and improvement under designed scenarios for assessing the optimum scope for tightening the Air Quality Objectives (AQOs). The results show that it is doable to tighten the 24-hour AQO for SO2 from the World Health Objective air quality guidelines Interim Targets Level-1 (IT-1) (125μg/m3) to IT-2 level (50μg/m3) with the current number of exceedance allowed (three) remains unchanged. It is also possible to tighten the annual AQO for PM2.5 from IT-1 (35 μg/m3) to IT 2 (25 μg/m3), and its 24-hr AQO from IT-1 (75 μg/m3) to IT 2 (50 μg/m3) with the number of exceedances allowed increased from current nine to 35. Regional cooperation under the development of the GBA cooperation are still needed to be focused and strengthen due to the cross-boundary transport characteristics of the air pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality%20attainment" title="air quality attainment">air quality attainment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20policy" title=" mitigation policy"> mitigation policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20transport%20modeling" title=" chemical transport modeling"> chemical transport modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163195/feasibility-and-obstacles-of-air-quality-attainment-in-hong-kong-from-2019-to-2025" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1132</span> Examining First-time Remote Workers’ Perceptions on Work From Home Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Future Potential of Hybrid Work Mode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Vyas">Lina Vyas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stuti%20Rawat"> Stuti Rawat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The COVID-19 outbreak has forced many employees to extensively adopt remote work or, widely known as work from home (WFH) arrangements. During the last two years, both employers and employees have had the opportunity to be increasingly aware of the benefits and drawbacks of WFH. Likewise, it gained the attention of academics from various schools of thought who have been interested in the future of work practices and work-life balance. Additionally, employees might also have various demands regarding their work practices after the pandemic. This study explores the potential of hybrid ways of working in the post-pandemic period by comparing first-timers who (sometimes or always) worked from home during the pandemic with those who did not, in terms of the aspects of work-life balance, work-life interference, job performance and willingness to work from home after the pandemic. The quantitative research approach was adopted. Data were collected via an online questionnaire from employees working from home in Hong Kong during the pandemic. There were one thousand three hundred and twenty-eight responses, but only 1,235 respondents experienced working from home during the pandemic. The findings reveal that 72.2% never had or hardly experienced work from home prior to the pandemic. There were statistically significant differences between first-timers and non-first-timers in work-life balance and work-life interference. The study also found that first-timers who were always working from home during the pandemic would prefer having longer WFH after the pandemic than those who were sometimes working from home. These results would serve as a basis for policy development, enabling policymakers to design appropriate HR policies and amend them to meet the current context of actual employee needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20working%20mode" title="hybrid working mode">hybrid working mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20working" title=" remote working"> remote working</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20from%20home" title=" work from home"> work from home</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work-life%20balance" title=" work-life balance"> work-life balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace" title=" workplace"> workplace</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151422/examining-first-time-remote-workers-perceptions-on-work-from-home-amidst-the-covid-19-pandemic-the-future-potential-of-hybrid-work-mode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1131</span> An Appraisal of Mitigation and Adaptation Measures under Paris Agreement 2015: Developing Nations' Pie</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olubisi%20Friday%20Oluduro">Olubisi Friday Oluduro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Paris Agreement 2015, the result of negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), after Kyoto Protocol expiration, sets a long-term goal of limiting the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and of pursuing efforts to limiting this temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius. An advancement on the erstwhile Kyoto Protocol which sets commitments to only a limited number of Parties to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions, it includes the goal to increase the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and to make finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low GHGs emissions. For it achieve these goals, the Agreement requires all Parties to undertake efforts towards reaching global peaking of GHG emissions as soon as possible and towards achieving a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks in the second half of the twenty-first century. In addition to climate change mitigation, the Agreement aims at enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing the vulnerability to climate change in different parts of the world. It acknowledges the importance of addressing loss and damage associated with the adverse of climate change. The Agreement also contains comprehensive provisions on support to be provided to developing countries, which includes finance, technology transfer and capacity building. To ensure that such supports and actions are transparent, the Agreement contains a number reporting provisions, requiring parties to choose the efforts and measures that mostly suit them (Nationally Determined Contributions), providing for a mechanism of assessing progress and increasing global ambition over time by a regular global stocktake. Despite the somewhat global look of the Agreement, it has been fraught with manifold limitations threatening its very existential capability to produce any meaningful result. Considering these obvious limitations some of which were the very cause of the failure of its predecessor—the Kyoto Protocol—such as the non-participation of the United States, non-payment of funds into the various coffers for appropriate strategic purposes, among others. These have left the developing countries largely threatened eve the more, being more vulnerable than the developed countries, which are really responsible for the climate change scourge. The paper seeks to examine the mitigation and adaptation measures under the Paris Agreement 2015, appraise the present situation since the Agreement was concluded and ascertain whether the developing countries have been better or worse off since the Agreement was concluded, and examine why and how, while projecting a way forward in the present circumstance. It would conclude with recommendations towards ameliorating the situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title="mitigation">mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title=" adaptation"> adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paris%20agreement%202015" title=" Paris agreement 2015"> Paris agreement 2015</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title=" framework"> framework</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127995/an-appraisal-of-mitigation-and-adaptation-measures-under-paris-agreement-2015-developing-nations-pie" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1130</span> Mitigation of Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Runaway Propagation Through the Use of Phase Change Materials Containing Expanded Graphite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayson%20Cheyne">Jayson Cheyne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Butler"> David Butler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iain%20Bomphray"> Iain Bomphray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been used increasingly for electric vehicles and large energy storage systems due to their high-power density and long lifespan. Despite this, thermal runaway remains a significant safety problem because of its uncontrollable and irreversible nature - which can lead to fires and explosions. In large-scale lithium-ion packs and modules, thermal runaway propagation between cells can escalate fire hazards and cause significant damage. Thus, safety measures are required to mitigate thermal runaway propagation. The current research explores composite phase change materials (PCM) containing expanded graphite (EG) for thermal runaway mitigation. PCMs are an area of significant interest for battery thermal management due to their ability to absorb substantial quantities of heat during phase change. Moreover, the introduction of EG can support heat transfer from the cells to the PCM (owing to its high thermal conductivity) and provide shape stability to the PCM during phase change. During the research, a thermal model was established for an array of 16 cylindrical cells to simulate heat dissipation with and without the composite PCM. Two conditions were modeled, including the behavior during charge/discharge cycles (i.e., throughout regular operation) and thermal runaway. Furthermore, parameters including cell spacing, composite PCM thickness, and EG weight percentage (WT%) were varied to establish the optimal material parameters for enabling thermal runaway mitigation and effective thermal management. Although numerical modeling is still ongoing, initial findings suggest that a 3mm PCM containing 15WT% EG can effectively suppress thermal runaway propagation while maintaining shape stability. The next step in the research is to validate the model through controlled experimental tests. Additionally, with the perceived fire safety concerns relating to PCM materials, fire safety tests, including UL-94 and Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), shall be conducted to explore the flammability risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20safety" title="battery safety">battery safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicles" title=" electric vehicles"> electric vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change%20materials" title=" phase change materials"> phase change materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20management" title=" thermal management"> thermal management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20runaway" title=" thermal runaway"> thermal runaway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162329/mitigation-of-lithium-ion-battery-thermal-runaway-propagation-through-the-use-of-phase-change-materials-containing-expanded-graphite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1129</span> Detecting and Thwarting Interest Flooding Attack in Information Centric Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vimala%20Rani%20P">Vimala Rani P</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narasimha%20Malikarjunan"> Narasimha Malikarjunan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mercy%20Shalinie%20S"> Mercy Shalinie S</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data Networking was brought forth as an instantiation of information-centric networking. The attackers can send a colossal number of spoofs to take hold of the Pending Interest Table (PIT) named an Interest Flooding attack (IFA) since the in- interests are recorded in the PITs of the intermediate routers until they receive corresponding Data Packets are go beyond the time limit. These attacks can be detrimental to network performance. PIT expiration rate or the Interest satisfaction rate, which cannot differentiate the IFA from attacks, is the criterion Traditional IFA detection techniques are concerned with. Threshold values can casually affect Threshold-based traditional methods. This article proposes an accurate IFA detection mechanism based on a Multiple Feature-based Extreme Learning Machine (MF-ELM). Accuracy of the attack detection can be increased by presenting the entropy of Internet names, Interest satisfaction rate and PIT usage as features extracted in the MF-ELM classifier. Furthermore, we deploy a queue-based hostile Interest prefix mitigation mechanism. The inference of this real-time test bed is that the mechanism can help the network to resist IFA with higher accuracy and efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information-centric%20network" title="information-centric network">information-centric network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pending%20interest%20table" title=" pending interest table"> pending interest table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest%20flooding%20attack" title=" interest flooding attack"> interest flooding attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MF-ELM%20classifier" title=" MF-ELM classifier"> MF-ELM classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=queue-based%20mitigation%20strategy" title=" queue-based mitigation strategy"> queue-based mitigation strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144061/detecting-and-thwarting-interest-flooding-attack-in-information-centric-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1128</span> Vulnerability of Indian Agriculture to Climate Change: A Study of the Himalayan Region State </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajendra%20Kumar%20Isaac">Rajendra Kumar Isaac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monisha%20Isaac"> Monisha Isaac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate variability and changes are the emerging challenges for Indian agriculture with the growing population to ensure national food security. A study was conducted to assess the Climatic Change effects in medium to low altitude areas of the Himalayan region causing changes in land use and cereal crop productivity with the various climatic parameters. The rainfall and temperature changes from 1951 to 2013 were studied at four locations of varying altitudes, namely Hardwar, Rudra Prayag, Uttar Kashi and Tehri Garwal. It was observed that there is noticeable increment in temperature on all the four locations. It was surprisingly observed that the mean rainfall intensity of 30 minutes duration has increased at the rate of 0.1 mm/hours since 2000. The study shows that the combined effect of increasing temperature, rainfall, runoff and urbanization at the mid-Himalayan region is causing an increase in various climatic disasters and changes in agriculture patterns. A noticeable change in cropping patterns, crop productivity and land use change was observed. Appropriate adaptation and mitigation strategies are necessary to ensure that sustainable and climate-resilient agriculture. Appropriate information is necessary for farmers, as well as planners and decision makers for developing, disseminating and adopting climate-smart technologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20variability" title="climate variability">climate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use" title=" land use"> land use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20strategies" title=" mitigation strategies"> mitigation strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58743/vulnerability-of-indian-agriculture-to-climate-change-a-study-of-the-himalayan-region-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1127</span> Earthquake Vulnerability and Repair Cost Estimation of Masonry Buildings in the Old City Center of Annaba, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allaeddine%20Athmani">Allaeddine Athmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhacine%20Gouasmia"> Abdelhacine Gouasmia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiago%20Ferreira"> Tiago Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romeu%20Vicente"> Romeu Vicente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seismic risk mitigation from the perspective of the old buildings stock is truly essential in Algerian urban areas, particularly those located in seismic prone regions, such as Annaba city, and which the old buildings present high levels of degradation associated with no seismic strengthening and/or rehabilitation concerns. In this sense, the present paper approaches the issue of the seismic vulnerability assessment of old masonry building stocks through the adaptation of a simplified methodology developed for a European context area similar to that of Annaba city, Algeria. Therefore, this method is used for the first level of seismic vulnerability assessment of the masonry buildings stock of the old city center of Annaba. This methodology is based on a vulnerability index that is suitable for the evaluation of damage and for the creation of large-scale loss scenarios. Over 380 buildings were evaluated in accordance with the referred methodology and the results obtained were then integrated into a Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. Such results can be used by the Annaba city council for supporting management decisions, based on a global view of the site under analysis, which led to more accurate and faster decisions for the risk mitigation strategies and rehabilitation plans. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damage%20scenarios" title="Damage scenarios">Damage scenarios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20buildings" title=" masonry buildings"> masonry buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old%20city%20center" title=" old city center"> old city center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20vulnerability" title=" seismic vulnerability"> seismic vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability%20index" title=" vulnerability index"> vulnerability index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25212/earthquake-vulnerability-and-repair-cost-estimation-of-masonry-buildings-in-the-old-city-center-of-annaba-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1126</span> The Decline of National Sovereignty in Light of the International Transformations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djehich%20Mohamed%20Yousri">Djehich Mohamed Yousri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The national sovereignty of states is now facing a dangerous situation that has witnessed a clear exacerbation of the restrictions that this sovereignty has known for quite some time, if not since the establishment of the sovereign national state in the first place, and things have reached this way to the extent that a group of analysts and commentators are talking about the demise or disappearance of the phenomenon of sovereignty Patriotism, a judgment that some consider exaggerated, although there is agreement on the seriousness of what has afflicted the national sovereignty of medium and small states in particular. In fact, the phenomenon of national sovereignty has not completely ended, as there is still a category of countries that are able to disagree with the American will without disappearing from the world map, as happened with the Soviet Union. China, some European countries, and some countries with leading regional roles are still able to deal with This administration, with rational and complex calculations, makes the restrictions on its sovereignty minimal, or at least draws a red line in front of the vital interests of those countries that the restrictions on sovereignty cannot cross, and it is certain that strengthening internal democratic development in countries will increase their ability to challenge external restrictions. On its sovereignty to the extent that this development creates a cohesive society in the face of external hegemony attempts, as well as to the extent that it eliminates some pretexts for interference in the internal affairs of states, including the claim of a lack of democracy or lack of respect for human rights in it. What led to transformations in the international arena in the wake of globalization and its effects on international aspects, including national sovereignty and the principle of state independence. Which was marred by several currents, which led to affecting it in a negative way, and this is what poor countries suffer from at the expense of rich countries, which led us to research the extent of the presence of national sovereignty on the international arena, and the extent to which the principle of non-interference in affairs is applied or existed. The internal affairs of states, which are stipulated in the Charter of the United Nations in the modern era, the theory of sovereignty has been subjected to substantial criticism and abandonment by many on the grounds that it is inconsistent with the current conditions of the international community. In fact, the theory of sovereignty has been misused to justify internal tyranny and international chaos. This theory has hindered the development of international law, the work of international organizations and the dominance of strong states over weak ones. At the present time, the concept of sovereignty has moved towards direction, as the transformations of the international system in the economic, political and military fields have led to the decline and erosion of the idea of the sovereignty of the national state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereignty" title="sovereignty">sovereignty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervention" title=" intervention"> intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-interference" title=" non-interference"> non-interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title=" globalization"> globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humanitarian%20intervention" title=" humanitarian intervention"> humanitarian intervention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162663/the-decline-of-national-sovereignty-in-light-of-the-international-transformations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20mitigation&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20mitigation&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20mitigation&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li 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