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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nerve_supply" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nerve_supply"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Nerve supply</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nerve_supply-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blood_supply" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blood_supply"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Blood supply</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blood_supply-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skin_and_glands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skin_and_glands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Skin and glands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skin_and_glands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lymphatic_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lymphatic_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lymphatic system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lymphatic_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asymmetry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asymmetry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Asymmetry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asymmetry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Internal structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Development</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Development-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Development subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Scrotal_growth_and_puberty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scrotal_growth_and_puberty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Scrotal growth and puberty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scrotal_growth_and_puberty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Function" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Function"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Function</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Function-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Society and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Clinical significance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clinical significance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diseases_and_conditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diseases_and_conditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Diseases and conditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diseases_and_conditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Scrotum</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 86 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%86" title="صفن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صفن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escroto" title="Escroto – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escroto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9F%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%90%DC%AB%DC%9F%DC%90" title="ܟܝܣܐ ܕܐܫܟܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܟܝܣܐ ܕܐܫܟܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mackimotai" title="Mackimotai – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Mackimotai" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapi%27ahoja" title="Tapi'ahoja – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tapi'ahoja" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="মানবদেহের অণ্ডথলি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মানবদেহের অণ্ডথলি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%81n-pha" title="Lān-pha – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lān-pha" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Машонка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Машонка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Машонка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Машонка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskroto" title="Eskroto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Eskroto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Скротална торба – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Скротална торба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escrot" title="Escrot – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escrot" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%C3%A7%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хутаçка – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хутаçка" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ourek" title="Šourek – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šourek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceillgwd" title="Ceillgwd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ceillgwd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodensack" title="Hodensack – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hodensack" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%85%DE%A8" title="އުރަވަޅި – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އުރަވަޅި" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%BF" title="Όσχεο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όσχεο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escroto" title="Escroto – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escroto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skroto" title="Skroto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Skroto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrabil-zorro" title="Barrabil-zorro – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Barrabil-zorro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B6%D9%87" title="کیسه بیضه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کیسه بیضه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadairne" title="Cadairne – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cadairne" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escroto" title="Escroto – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Escroto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EB%82%AD" title="음낭 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="음낭" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF" title="Ամորձապարկ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամորձապարկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C5%A1nja" title="Mošnja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mošnja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skroto" title="Skroto – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Skroto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isikhutha" title="Isikhutha – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isikhutha" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pungur" title="Pungur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pungur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroto" title="Scroto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scroto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9D" title="כיס האשכים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כיס האשכים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ұма – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ұма" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93klinieku_maisi%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Sēklinieku maisiņš – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sēklinieku maisiņš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kap%C5%A1elis" title="Kapšelis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kapšelis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scroto" title="Scroto – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Scroto" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herezacsk%C3%B3" title="Herezacskó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Herezacskó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Скротум – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Скротум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF" title="വൃഷണസഞ്ചി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൃഷണസഞ്ചി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%87" title="كيس الخصيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيس الخصيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AAng-p%C4%83" title="Lêng-pă – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lêng-pă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E5%9A%A2" title="陰嚢 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="陰嚢" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pung" title="Pung – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pung" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borsonada" title="Borsonada – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Borsonada" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yorg%27oq" title="Yorg'oq – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yorg'oq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kl%C3%B6tensack" title="Klötensack – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Klötensack" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moszna_(anatomia)" title="Moszna (anatomia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Moszna (anatomia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escroto" title="Escroto – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Escroto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrot" title="Scrot – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scrot" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%27uruta_ch%27uspa" title="Q'uruta ch'uspa – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Q'uruta ch'uspa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мошонка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мошонка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱥᱠᱨᱚᱴᱟᱢ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱠᱨᱚᱴᱟᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mie%C5%A1ok" title="Miešok – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Miešok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modnik" title="Modnik – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Modnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8E%D9%86" title="گوندێن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گوندێن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5" title="Мошнице – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мошнице" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrotum" title="Skrotum – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Skrotum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanjut" title="Kanjut – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kanjut" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivespussi" title="Kivespussi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kivespussi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrotum" title="Scrotum – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Scrotum" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supot_ng_bayag" title="Supot ng bayag – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Supot ng bayag" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88" title="விந்துப்பை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விந்துப்பை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%B0" title="ถุงอัณฑะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ถุงอัณฑะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testis_torbas%C4%B1" title="Testis torbası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Testis torbası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Калитка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Калитка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ream" title="Ream – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ream" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ACu_d%C3%A1i" title="Bìu dái – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bìu dái" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskrotum" title="Eskrotum – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Eskrotum" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B5%E8%84%AC" title="卵脬 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卵脬" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%86%A5%E8%A2%8B" title="膥袋 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="膥袋" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%9B%8A" title="阴囊 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阴囊" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantong_biji_pel%C3%A8r" title="Kantong biji pelèr – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kantong biji pelèr" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q174471#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the obsolete dinosaur fossil name, see <a href="/wiki/Megalosaurus#"Scrotum_humanum"" title="Megalosaurus">Megalosaurus § "Scrotum humanum"</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:dimgray; color: white">Scrotum</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG/250px-Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG/375px-Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG/500px-Scrotum_-_Hodensack.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4456" data-file-height="3392" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Human scrotum in a relaxed state (left) and a tense state (right)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Embryology" title="Embryology">Precursor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Labioscrotal_swelling" title="Labioscrotal swelling">Labioscrotal swellings</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Organ_system" title="Organ system">System</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_system" title="Reproductive system">Reproductive system</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_artery" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior scrotal artery">Anterior scrotal artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_artery" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior scrotal artery">posterior scrotal artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deep_external_pudendal_artery" title="Deep external pudendal artery">deep external pudendal artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superficial_external_pudendal_artery" title="Superficial external pudendal artery">superficial external pudendal artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_artery" title="Internal pudendal artery">internal pudendal artery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Vein" title="Vein">Vein</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_veins" title="Posterior scrotal veins">Posterior scrotal veins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_veins" title="Internal pudendal veins">internal pudendal veins</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Posterior scrotal nerves">Posterior scrotal nerves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Anterior scrotal nerves">anterior scrotal nerves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genital_branch_of_genitofemoral_nerve" title="Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve">genital branch of genitofemoral nerve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perineal_branches_of_posterior_femoral_cutaneous_nerve" title="Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve">perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerve" title="Pudendal nerve">pudendal nerve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perineal_nerve" title="Perineal nerve">perineal nerve</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lymph" title="Lymph">Lymph</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Superficial_inguinal_lymph_nodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Superficial inguinal lymph nodes">Superficial inguinal lymph nodes</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>scrotum</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012611">D012611</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/09.4.03.001%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A09.4.03.001</a><br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/09.4.03.004%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A09.4.03.004</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=3693">3693</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma18252">18252</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">Anatomical terminology</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174471" class="extiw" title="d:Q174471">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In most terrestrial <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a>, the <b>scrotum</b> (<abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr>: <b>scrotums</b> or <b>scrota</b>; possibly from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>scortum</i>, meaning "hide" or "skin")<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>scrotal sac</b> is a part of the external male <a href="/wiki/Sex_organ" title="Sex organ">genitalia</a> located at the base of the <a href="/wiki/Penis" title="Penis">penis</a>. It consists of a sac of <a href="/wiki/Skin" title="Skin">skin</a> containing the <a href="/wiki/External_spermatic_fascia" title="External spermatic fascia">external spermatic fascia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">testicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Epididymis" title="Epididymis">epididymides</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vas_deferens" title="Vas deferens">vasa deferentia</a>. The scrotum will usually tighten when exposed to cold temperatures. </p><p>The scrotum <a href="/wiki/List_of_related_male_and_female_reproductive_organs" title="List of related male and female reproductive organs">is homologous to</a> the <a href="/wiki/Labia_majora" title="Labia majora">labia majora</a> in females. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1143.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Gray1143.png/220px-Gray1143.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Gray1143.png/330px-Gray1143.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Gray1143.png/440px-Gray1143.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of the scrotum. On the left side, the cavity of the tunica vaginalis has been opened; on the right side, only the layers superficial to the cremaster muscle have been removed.</figcaption></figure> <p>In regards to humans, the scrotum is a suspended dual-chambered sac of <a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">skin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muscular_tissue" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscular tissue">muscular tissue</a> containing the testicles and the lower part of the <a href="/wiki/Spermatic_cord" title="Spermatic cord">spermatic cords</a>. It is located behind the <a href="/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis">penis</a> and above the <a href="/wiki/Perineum" title="Perineum">perineum</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Perineal_raphe" title="Perineal raphe">perineal raphe</a> is a small, vertical ridge of skin that expands from the <a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">anus</a> and runs through the middle of the scrotum front to back. The scrotum is also a distention of the perineum and carries some abdominal tissues into its cavity including the <a href="/wiki/Testicular_artery" title="Testicular artery">testicular artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Testicular_vein" title="Testicular vein">testicular vein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pampiniform_plexus" title="Pampiniform plexus">pampiniform plexus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nerve_supply">Nerve supply</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Nerve supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nerve</th> <th>Surface<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Genital_branch_of_genitofemoral_nerve" title="Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve">Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve</a></td> <td>anterolateral </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Anterior scrotal nerves">Anterior scrotal nerves</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Ilioinguinal_nerve" title="Ilioinguinal nerve">ilioinguinal nerve</a>)</td> <td>anterior </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Posterior scrotal nerves">Posterior scrotal nerves</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Perineal_nerve" title="Perineal nerve">perineal nerve</a>)</td> <td>posterior </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perineal_branches_of_posterior_femoral_cutaneous_nerve" title="Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve">Perineal branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve</a></td> <td>inferior </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blood_supply">Blood supply</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Blood supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Blood vessels<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElsonKapit1977_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsonKapit1977-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_artery" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior scrotal artery">Anterior scrotal artery</a></td> <td>originates from the <a href="/wiki/Deep_external_pudendal_artery" title="Deep external pudendal artery">deep external pudendal artery</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_artery" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior scrotal artery">Posterior scrotal artery</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Testicular_artery" title="Testicular artery">Testicular artery</a></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Skin_and_glands">Skin and glands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Skin and glands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_glands" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebaceous glands">Sebaceous glands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocrine_glands" class="mw-redirect" title="Apocrine glands">Apocrine glands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smooth_muscle" title="Smooth muscle">Smooth muscle</a></li></ul> <p>The skin on the scrotum is more highly pigmented in comparison to the rest of the body. The <a href="/wiki/Scrotal_septum" title="Scrotal septum">septum</a> is a connective tissue membrane dividing the scrotum into two cavities.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lymphatic_system">Lymphatic system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lymphatic system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The scrotal lymph initially drains into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes, this then drains into the deep inguinal lymph nodes. The deep inguinal lymph nodes channel into the common iliac, which ultimately releases lymph into the cisterna chyli. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Lymphatic vessels<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Superficial_inguinal_lymph_nodes" class="mw-redirect" title="Superficial inguinal lymph nodes">Superficial inguinal lymph nodes</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Popliteal_lymph_nodes" title="Popliteal lymph nodes">Popliteal lymph nodes</a></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asymmetry">Asymmetry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Asymmetry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One testis is typically lower than the other, which is believed to function to avoid compression in the event of impact; in humans, the left testis is typically lower than the right.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An alternative view is that testis descent asymmetry evolved to enable more effective cooling of the testicles.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_structure">Internal structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Internal structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Figure_28_01_02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Figure_28_01_02.JPG/500px-Figure_28_01_02.JPG" decoding="async" width="500" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Figure_28_01_02.JPG/750px-Figure_28_01_02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Figure_28_01_02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption>Image showing musculature and inner workings of the scrotum</figcaption></figure> <p>Additional tissues and organs reside inside the scrotum and are described in more detail in the following articles: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 13em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_of_epididymidis" class="mw-redirect" title="Appendix of epididymidis">Appendix of epididymidis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremaster_muscle" title="Cremaster muscle">Cremaster muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartos_fascia" title="Dartos fascia">Dartos fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efferent_ductules" class="mw-redirect" title="Efferent ductules">Efferent ductules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epididymis" title="Epididymis">Epididymis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leydig_cell" title="Leydig cell">Leydig cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobules_of_testis" title="Lobules of testis">Lobules of testis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradidymis" title="Paradidymis">Paradidymis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rete_testes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rete testes">Rete testes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotal_septum" title="Scrotal septum">Scrotal septum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminiferous_tubule" title="Seminiferous tubule">Seminiferous tubule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertoli_cell" title="Sertoli cell">Sertoli cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatic_cord" title="Spermatic cord">Spermatic cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">Testicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_of_testis" title="Tunica albuginea of testis">Tunica albuginea of testis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vaginalis" title="Tunica vaginalis">Tunica vaginalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vasculosa_testis" title="Tunica vasculosa testis">Tunica vasculosa testis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vas_deferens" title="Vas deferens">Vas deferens</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_reproductive_system" title="Development of the reproductive system">Development of the reproductive system</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/220px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/330px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png/440px-Human_genitalia_-_development_1.png 2x" data-file-width="2246" data-file-height="2436" /></a><figcaption>Development of external genitals showing <a href="/wiki/Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">homologues</a> from <i>indifferent</i> to both sexes - male on left</figcaption></figure> <p>During the fifth week after fertilization, the <a href="/wiki/Genital_ridge" title="Genital ridge">genital ridge</a> grows behind the peritoneal membrane. By the sixth week, string-like tissues called primary sex cords form within the enlarging genital ridge. Externally, a swelling called the genital tubercule appears over the cloacal membrane. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Testosterone" title="Testosterone">Testosterone</a> secretion starts during week eight, reaches peak levels during week 13 and eventually declines to very low levels by the end of the second trimester. The testosterone causes the masculinization of the <a href="/wiki/Labioscrotal_folds" class="mw-redirect" title="Labioscrotal folds">labioscrotal folds</a> into the scrotum. The <a href="/wiki/Penile_raphe" title="Penile raphe">scrotal raphe</a> is formed when the embryonic, urethral groove closes by week 12.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989927–931_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989927–931-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scrotal_growth_and_puberty">Scrotal growth and puberty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Scrotal growth and puberty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though the testes and scrotum form early in embryonic life, sexual maturation begins upon entering <a href="/wiki/Puberty" title="Puberty">puberty</a>. The increased secretion of testosterone causes the darkening of the skin and development of <a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">pubic hair</a> on the scrotum.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The scrotum regulates the temperature of the testicles and maintains it at 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), i.e. two or three degrees below the body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius (99 degrees Fahrenheit). Higher temperatures affect <a href="/wiki/Spermatogenesis" title="Spermatogenesis">spermatogenesis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temperature control is accomplished by the <a href="/wiki/Smooth_muscle" title="Smooth muscle">smooth muscles</a> of the scrotum moving the testicles either closer to or further away from the abdomen dependent upon the ambient temperature. This is accomplished by the <a href="/wiki/Cremaster_muscle" title="Cremaster muscle">cremaster muscle</a> in the abdomen and the <a href="/wiki/Dartos_fascia" title="Dartos fascia">dartos fascia</a> (muscular tissue under the skin that makes the scrotum appear wrinkly).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a>, the scrotum will also tighten and thicken in the course of <a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">penile erection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Having the scrotum and testicles situated outside the abdominal cavity may provide additional advantages. The external scrotum is not affected by abdominal pressure. This may prevent the emptying of the testes before the sperm were matured sufficiently for fertilization.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another advantage is it protects the testes from jolts and compressions associated with an active lifestyle. The scrotum may provide some friction during intercourse, helping to enhance the activity.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The scrotum is also considered to be an <a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">erogenous zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Common slang terms for the scrotum are <i>ballsack</i>, <i>nutsack</i>, and <i>teabag</i>. </p><p>Some men will get a <a href="/wiki/Genital_piercing" title="Genital piercing">piercing</a> on the skin of the scrotum, any of which is called a <a href="/wiki/Hafada" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafada">hafada</a> (e.g., scrotal ladder). Side-to-side or front-to-back piercings that pass through the scrotum are known as <a href="/wiki/Transscrotal_piercing" title="Transscrotal piercing">transscrotal piercings</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Scrotoplasty" title="Scrotoplasty">Scrotoplasty</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex reassignment surgery">sex reassignment surgery</a> that creates a scrotum for <a href="/wiki/Trans_men" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans men">trans men</a> using tissue from the labia majora, or a <a href="/wiki/Plastic_surgery" title="Plastic surgery">plastic surgery</a> that repairs or reconstructs the scrotum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_animals">Other animals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A scrotum is present in all <a href="/wiki/Boreoeutheria" title="Boreoeutheria">boreoeutherian</a> land mammals except <a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">hippopotamuses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros" title="Rhinoceros">rhinoceroses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hedgehog" title="Hedgehog">hedgehogs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mole_(animal)" title="Mole (animal)">moles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pangolin" title="Pangolin">pangolins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapir" title="Tapir">tapirs</a>, and numerous families of <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rodent" title="Rodent">rodents</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cool_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cool-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Anus" title="Anus">anus</a> is separated from the scrotum by the <a href="/wiki/Perineum" title="Perineum">perineum</a> in these mammals. The testicles remain in the body cavity in all other vertebrates, including <a href="/wiki/Cloaca" title="Cloaca">cloacal</a> animals.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Placentalia" title="Placentalia">placental mammals</a>, some male <a href="/wiki/Marsupials" class="mw-redirect" title="Marsupials">marsupials</a> have a scrotum that is anterior to the penis,<sup id="cite_ref-Tyndale-BiscoeRenfree1987_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyndale-BiscoeRenfree1987-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hyman1992_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hyman1992-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JonesDickman2003_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesDickman2003-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SaundersHinds1997_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SaundersHinds1997-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is not homologous to the scrotum of placental mammals,<sup id="cite_ref-ArmatiDickman2006_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmatiDickman2006-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although there are several marsupial species without an external scrotum.<sup id="cite_ref-Tyndale-Biscoe2005_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyndale-Biscoe2005-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The scrotum is also absent in <a href="/wiki/Marine_mammal" title="Marine mammal">marine mammals</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolphin" title="Dolphin">dolphins</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">seals</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PerrinWürsig2009_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PerrinWürsig2009-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as in lineages of other land mammals, such as the <a href="/wiki/Afrotheria" title="Afrotheria">afrotherians</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant">elephants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aardvark" title="Aardvark">aardvarks</a>, etc.), <a href="/wiki/Xenarthra" title="Xenarthra">xenarthrans</a> (<a href="/wiki/Armadillo" title="Armadillo">armadillos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anteater" title="Anteater">anteaters</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sloth" title="Sloth">sloths</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cool_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cool-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Monotremes" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotremes">monotremes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a bull"><img alt="Scrotum of a bull" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG/120px-Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG/180px-Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG/240px-Testicular_of_a_bulldog_cow_Hoden_eines_Ochsen_Venezuela_P1140356.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1066" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Bull" title="Bull">bull</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 111.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 109.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male-kangaroo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a kangaroo"><img alt="Scrotum of a kangaroo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Male-kangaroo.jpg/164px-Male-kangaroo.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Male-kangaroo.jpg/245px-Male-kangaroo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Male-kangaroo.jpg/327px-Male-kangaroo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1210" data-file-height="1331" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo" title="Kangaroo">kangaroo</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 174.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 172.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_deer_testicles.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a red deer"><img alt="Scrotum of a red deer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Red_deer_testicles.jpg/259px-Red_deer_testicles.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Red_deer_testicles.jpg/389px-Red_deer_testicles.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Red_deer_testicles.jpg/518px-Red_deer_testicles.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3217" data-file-height="2235" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">red deer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jaguar_7374_(5000551901).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a jaguar"><img alt="Scrotum of a jaguar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg/270px-Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg/405px-Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg/541px-Jaguar_7374_%285000551901%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1657" data-file-height="1104" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">jaguar</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Camel%27s_Testicles_(3953363864).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a camel"><img alt="Scrotum of a camel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg/270px-Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg/405px-Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg/540px-Camel%27s_Testicles_%283953363864%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">camel</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 158px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 156px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a vervet monkey"><img alt="Scrotum of a vervet monkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG/234px-Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG" decoding="async" width="156" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG/351px-Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG/468px-Chlorocebus-pygerythrus-private-parts.JPG 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="596" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Vervet_monkey" title="Vervet monkey">vervet monkey</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giraffe_(Giraffa_camelopardalis)_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._(51125861810).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scrotum of a giraffe"><img alt="Scrotum of a giraffe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg/240px-Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg/360px-Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg/480px-Giraffe_%28Giraffa_camelopardalis%29_male_genitals_covered_with_ticks_..._%2851125861810%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scrotum of a <a href="/wiki/Giraffe" title="Giraffe">giraffe</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A study has indicated that use of a laptop computer positioned on the lap can negatively affect sperm production.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diseases_and_conditions">Diseases and conditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Diseases and conditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The scrotum and its contents can develop many diseases and can incur injuries. These include: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 13em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">Candidiasis</a> (yeast infection)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_cyst" title="Sebaceous cyst">Sebaceous cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidermal_cyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidermal cyst">Epidermal cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrocele_testis" title="Hydrocele testis">Hydrocele testis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hematocele" title="Hematocele">Hematocele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum" title="Molluscum contagiosum">Molluscum contagiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocele" title="Spermatocele">Spermatocele</a></li> <li>Paget's disease of the scrotum<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varicocele" title="Varicocele">Varicocele</a> - enlargement of the pampiniform venous complex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inguinal_hernia" title="Inguinal hernia">Inguinal hernia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epididymo-orchitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Epididymo-orchitis">Epididymo-orchitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_torsion" title="Testicular torsion">Testicular torsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruritus_scroti" title="Pruritus scroti">Pruritus scroti</a> - irritation of the scrotum (itchiness)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genital_warts" class="mw-redirect" title="Genital warts">Genital warts</a> - <a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">sexually transmitted infection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_cancer" title="Testicular cancer">Testicular cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatitis" title="Dermatitis">Dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undescended_testes" class="mw-redirect" title="Undescended testes">Undescended testes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chyloderma" title="Chyloderma">Chyloderma</a> - swollen scrotum caused by a lymphatic obstruction</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumps" title="Mumps">Mumps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scabies" title="Scabies">Scabies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpes" title="Herpes">Herpes</a> - sexually transmitted infection</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pubic_lice" class="mw-redirect" title="Pubic lice">Pubic lice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancroid" title="Chancroid">Chancroid</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Haemophilus_ducreyi" title="Haemophilus ducreyi">Haemophilus ducreyi</a></i>) - sexually transmitted infection</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamydia_infection" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlamydia infection">Chlamydia</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Chlamydia_trachomatis" title="Chlamydia trachomatis">Chlamydia trachomatis</a></i>) - sexually transmitted infection</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonorrhea" title="Gonorrhea">Gonorrhea</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae" title="Neisseria gonorrhoeae">Neisseria gonorrhoeae</a></i>) - sexually transmitted infection</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granuloma_inguinale" title="Granuloma inguinale">Granuloma inguinale</a> or (<i><a href="/wiki/Klebsiella_granulomatis" title="Klebsiella granulomatis">Klebsiella granulomatis</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Syphilis</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Treponema_pallidum" title="Treponema pallidum">Treponema pallidum</a></i>) - sexually transmitted infection</li> <li>Scrotal eczema</li> <li>Scrotal psoriasis disease</li> <li>Riboflavin deficiency</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimney_sweeps%27_carcinoma" title="Chimney sweeps' carcinoma">Chimney sweeps' carcinoma</a> (scrotal cancer)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article uses <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">anatomical terminology</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg/18px-Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="18" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg/27px-Anatomy_posture_and_body_mechanics_08.jpg 1.5x, 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Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Books</dt></dl> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray#page/1237/mode/2up">page 1237</a> of the 20th edition of</i> <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a> <i>(1918)</i></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVan_De_GraaffFox1989" class="citation book cs1">Van De Graaff, Kent M.; Fox, Stuart Ira (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/conceptsofhumana00vand"><i>Concepts of Human Anatomy and Physiology</i></a>. Dubuque, Iowa: William C. Brown Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0697056757" title="Special:BookSources/978-0697056757"><bdi>978-0697056757</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Concepts+of+Human+Anatomy+and+Physiology&rft.place=Dubuque%2C+Iowa&rft.pub=William+C.+Brown+Publishers&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0697056757&rft.aulast=Van+De+Graaff&rft.aufirst=Kent+M.&rft.au=Fox%2C+Stuart+Ira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconceptsofhumana00vand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsonKapit1977" class="citation book cs1">Elson, Lawrence; Kapit, Wynn (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anatomycoloringb00kapi"><i>The Anatomy Coloring Book</i></a>. New York: Harper & Row. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0064539142" title="Special:BookSources/978-0064539142"><bdi>978-0064539142</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anatomy+Coloring+Book&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0064539142&rft.aulast=Elson&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.au=Kapit%2C+Wynn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanatomycoloringb00kapi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="UnivMi" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/atlas/abdo_wall63.html#">"Gross Anatomy Image"</a>. Medical Gross Anatomy Atlas Images. University of Michigan Medical School. 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gross+Anatomy+Image&rft.series=Medical+Gross+Anatomy+Atlas+Images&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Medical+School&rft.date=1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.med.umich.edu%2Flrc%2Fcoursepages%2Fm1%2Fanatomy2010%2Fhtml%2Fatlas%2Fabdo_wall63.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="merckmanual" class="citation book cs1">Berkow, Robert (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/merckmanualofmed00berk"><i>The Merck Manual of Medical Information; Home Edition</i></a>. Whitehouse Station, New Jersey: Merck Research Laboratories. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0911910872" title="Special:BookSources/978-0911910872"><bdi>978-0911910872</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Merck+Manual+of+Medical+Information%3B+Home+Edition&rft.place=Whitehouse+Station%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Merck+Research+Laboratories&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0911910872&rft.aulast=Berkow&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmerckmanualofmed00berk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Driel2010" class="citation book cs1">van Driel, Mels (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jt6u0CeVmAoC&dq=%E2%80%9Cscrotum%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cskin%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Chide%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9CLatin%E2%80%9D&pg=PA11"><i>Manhood: The Rise and Fall of the Penis</i></a>. Reaktion Books. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-708-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-708-4"><bdi>978-1-86189-708-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manhood%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Penis&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-86189-708-4&rft.aulast=van+Driel&rft.aufirst=Mels&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djt6u0CeVmAoC%26dq%3D%25E2%2580%259Cscrotum%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259Cskin%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259Chide%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259CLatin%25E2%2580%259D%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpiegl1996" class="citation book cs1">Spiegl, Fritz (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_CbA5a0u5E0C&dq=%E2%80%9Cscrotum%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cskin%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Chide%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9CLatin%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cscortum%E2%80%9D&pg=PA142"><i>Fritz Spiegl's Sick Notes: An Alphabetical Browsing-Book of Derivatives, Abbreviations, Mnemonics and Slang for Amusement and Edification of Medics, Nurses, Patients and Hypochondriacs</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85070-627-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85070-627-4"><bdi>978-1-85070-627-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fritz+Spiegl%27s+Sick+Notes%3A+An+Alphabetical+Browsing-Book+of+Derivatives%2C+Abbreviations%2C+Mnemonics+and+Slang+for+Amusement+and+Edification+of+Medics%2C+Nurses%2C+Patients+and+Hypochondriacs&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-85070-627-4&rft.aulast=Spiegl&rft.aufirst=Fritz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_CbA5a0u5E0C%26dq%3D%25E2%2580%259Cscrotum%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259Cskin%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259Chide%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259CLatin%25E2%2580%259D%2B%25E2%2580%259Cscortum%25E2%2580%259D%26pg%3DPA142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMooreAnne_Agur2007" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Keith; Anne Agur (2007). <i>Essential Clinical Anatomy, Third Edition</i>. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7817-6274-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7817-6274-8"><bdi>978-0-7817-6274-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+Clinical+Anatomy%2C+Third+Edition&rft.pages=132&rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7817-6274-8&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft.au=Anne+Agur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEElsonKapit1977-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEElsonKapit1977_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFElsonKapit1977">Elson & Kapit 1977</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wesnorman.com/antthigh.htm">antthigh</a> at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/530078/scrotum">"Scrotum"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scrotum&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F530078%2Fscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/107/179.html">"VIII. The Lymphatic System. 5. The Lymphatics of the Lower Extremity. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VIII.+The+Lymphatic+System.+5.+The+Lymphatics+of+the+Lower+Extremity.+Gray%2C+Henry.+1918.+Anatomy+of+the+Human+Body.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F107%2F179.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogaert1997" class="citation journal cs1">Bogaert, Anthony F. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150528142617/http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Genital_Asymmentry_in_Men.pdf">"Genital asymmetry in men"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Human Reproduction</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 68–72. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhumrep%2F12.1.68">10.1093/humrep/12.1.68</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9043905">9043905</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Genital_Asymmentry_in_Men.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-05-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-06-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Reproduction&rft.atitle=Genital+asymmetry+in+men&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=68-72&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fhumrep%2F12.1.68&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9043905&rft.aulast=Bogaert&rft.aufirst=Anthony+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hawaii.edu%2Fhivandaids%2FGenital_Asymmentry_in_Men.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallupFinnSammis2009" class="citation journal cs1">Gallup, Gordon G.; Finn, Mary M.; Sammis, Becky (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F147470490900700402">"On the Origin of Descended Scrotal Testicles: The Activation Hypothesis"</a>. <i>Evolutionary Psychology</i>. <b>7</b> (4): 147470490900700. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F147470490900700402">10.1177/147470490900700402</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evolutionary+Psychology&rft.atitle=On+the+Origin+of+Descended+Scrotal+Testicles%3A+The+Activation+Hypothesis&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=147470490900700&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F147470490900700402&rft.aulast=Gallup&rft.aufirst=Gordon+G.&rft.au=Finn%2C+Mary+M.&rft.au=Sammis%2C+Becky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F147470490900700402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989927–931-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989927–931_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVan_De_GraaffFox1989">Van De Graaff & Fox 1989</a>, pp. 927–931.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989935_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVan_De_GraaffFox1989">Van De Graaff & Fox 1989</a>, p. 935.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVan_De_GraaffFox1989936_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVan_De_GraaffFox1989">Van De Graaff & Fox 1989</a>, p. 936.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJequier2008" class="citation book cs1">Jequier, Anne M. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R5iy5aEdr8QC&pg=PA180"><i>Male Infertility: A Guide for the Clinician</i></a>. Wiley. p. 180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-47069-526-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-47069-526-5"><bdi>978-0-47069-526-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Male+Infertility%3A+A+Guide+for+the+Clinician&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-47069-526-5&rft.aulast=Jequier&rft.aufirst=Anne+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR5iy5aEdr8QC%26pg%3DPA180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2013" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Richard (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M4kEdSnS-pkC&pg=PA74"><i>Human Reproductive Biology</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Academic_Press" title="Academic Press">Academic Press</a>. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780123821850" title="Special:BookSources/9780123821850"><bdi>9780123821850</bdi></a>. <q>The rear-entry position of mating may allow the scrotum to stimulate the clitoris and, in this way, may produce an orgasm ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Human+Reproductive+Biology&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780123821850&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM4kEdSnS-pkC%26pg%3DPA74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedmon2002" class="citation book cs1">Redmon, George L. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ny2bBzKgX6YC&pg=PA176"><i>Sensual for Life</i></a>. Kensington Publishing Corporation. p. 176. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-75820-138-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-75820-138-6"><bdi>978-0-75820-138-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sensual+for+Life&rft.pages=176&rft.pub=Kensington+Publishing+Corporation&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-75820-138-6&rft.aulast=Redmon&rft.aufirst=George+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNy2bBzKgX6YC%26pg%3DPA176&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cool-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cool_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cool_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLovegrove2014" class="citation journal cs1">Lovegrove, B. G. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjeb.12373">"Cool sperm: Why some placental mammals have a scrotum"</a>. <i>Journal of Evolutionary Biology</i>. <b>27</b> (5): 801–814. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fjeb.12373">10.1111/jeb.12373</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24735476">24735476</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:24332311">24332311</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Evolutionary+Biology&rft.atitle=Cool+sperm%3A+Why+some+placental+mammals+have+a+scrotum&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=801-814&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A24332311%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24735476&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fjeb.12373&rft.aulast=Lovegrove&rft.aufirst=B.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fjeb.12373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg15120432.000-science--bumpy-lifestyle-led-to-external-testes.html">"Science : Bumpy lifestyle led to external testes - 17 August 1996 - New Scientist"</a>. <i>New Scientist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Science+%3A+Bumpy+lifestyle+led+to+external+testes+-+17+August+1996+-+New+Scientist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fmg15120432.000-science--bumpy-lifestyle-led-to-external-testes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tyndale-BiscoeRenfree1987-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tyndale-BiscoeRenfree1987_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHugh_Tyndale-BiscoeMarilyn_Renfree1987" class="citation book cs1">Hugh Tyndale-Biscoe; Marilyn Renfree (30 January 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HpjovN0vXW4C&q=scrotum"><i>Reproductive Physiology of Marsupials</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-33792-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-33792-2"><bdi>978-0-521-33792-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reproductive+Physiology+of+Marsupials&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1987-01-30&rft.isbn=978-0-521-33792-2&rft.au=Hugh+Tyndale-Biscoe&rft.au=Marilyn+Renfree&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHpjovN0vXW4C%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hyman1992-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hyman1992_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibbie_Henrietta_Hyman1992" class="citation book cs1">Libbie Henrietta Hyman (15 September 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VKlWjdOkiMwC&q=scrotum&pg=PA583"><i>Hyman's Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. pp. 583–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-87013-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-87013-7"><bdi>978-0-226-87013-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hyman%27s+Comparative+Vertebrate+Anatomy&rft.pages=583-&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1992-09-15&rft.isbn=978-0-226-87013-7&rft.au=Libbie+Henrietta+Hyman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVKlWjdOkiMwC%26q%3Dscrotum%26pg%3DPA583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JonesDickman2003-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JonesDickman2003_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenna_JonesChris_R._DickmanMichael_Archer2003" class="citation book cs1">Menna Jones; Chris R. Dickman; Michael Archer (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3YQSDiWHfD0C&q=scrotum"><i>Predators with Pouches: The Biology of Carnivorous Marsupials</i></a>. Csiro Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-643-06634-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-643-06634-2"><bdi>978-0-643-06634-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Predators+with+Pouches%3A+The+Biology+of+Carnivorous+Marsupials&rft.pub=Csiro+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-643-06634-2&rft.au=Menna+Jones&rft.au=Chris+R.+Dickman&rft.au=Michael+Archer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3YQSDiWHfD0C%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SaundersHinds1997-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SaundersHinds1997_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman_SaundersLyn_Hinds1997" class="citation book cs1">Norman Saunders; Lyn Hinds (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FnfVl7MX4YMC&q=scrotum"><i>Marsupial Biology: Recent Research, New Perspectives</i></a>. UNSW Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86840-311-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86840-311-3"><bdi>978-0-86840-311-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marsupial+Biology%3A+Recent+Research%2C+New+Perspectives&rft.pub=UNSW+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-86840-311-3&rft.au=Norman+Saunders&rft.au=Lyn+Hinds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFnfVl7MX4YMC%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArmatiDickman2006-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ArmatiDickman2006_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatricia_J._ArmatiChris_R._DickmanIan_D._Hume2006" class="citation book cs1">Patricia J. Armati; Chris R. Dickman; Ian D. Hume (17 August 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x3S5v971Nk0C&q=scrotum"><i>Marsupials</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45742-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45742-2"><bdi>978-1-139-45742-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marsupials&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006-08-17&rft.isbn=978-1-139-45742-2&rft.au=Patricia+J.+Armati&rft.au=Chris+R.+Dickman&rft.au=Ian+D.+Hume&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx3S5v971Nk0C%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tyndale-Biscoe2005-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tyndale-Biscoe2005_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFC._Hugh_Tyndale-Biscoe2005" class="citation book cs1">C. Hugh Tyndale-Biscoe (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KqtlPZJ9y8EC&q=scrotum"><i>Life of Marsupials</i></a>. Csiro Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-643-06257-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-643-06257-3"><bdi>978-0-643-06257-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Life+of+Marsupials&rft.pub=Csiro+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-643-06257-3&rft.au=C.+Hugh+Tyndale-Biscoe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKqtlPZJ9y8EC%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PerrinWürsig2009-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PerrinWürsig2009_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_F._PerrinBernd_WürsigJ.G.M._Thewissen2009" class="citation book cs1">William F. Perrin; Bernd Würsig; J.G.M. Thewissen (26 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2rkHQpToi9sC&q=scrotum"><i>Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals</i></a>. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-091993-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-091993-5"><bdi>978-0-08-091993-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Marine+Mammals&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2009-02-26&rft.isbn=978-0-08-091993-5&rft.au=William+F.+Perrin&rft.au=Bernd+W%C3%BCrsig&rft.au=J.G.M.+Thewissen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2rkHQpToi9sC%26q%3Dscrotum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002296.htm">"Scrotum"</a>. <i>National Institutes of Health</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Institutes+of+Health&rft.atitle=Scrotum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fmedlineplus%2Fency%2Farticle%2F002296.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffiths2012" class="citation book cs1">Griffiths, Mervyn (2012-12-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W7nu16_DkTgC&dq=scrotum&pg=PA41"><i>The Biology of the Monotremes</i></a>. Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-323-15331-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-323-15331-7"><bdi>978-0-323-15331-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Biology+of+the+Monotremes&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2012-12-02&rft.isbn=978-0-323-15331-7&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=Mervyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW7nu16_DkTgC%26dq%3Dscrotum%26pg%3DPA41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHayssenOrr2017" class="citation book cs1">Hayssen, Virginia; Orr, Teri J. (2017-10-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wQE2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32"><i>Reproduction in Mammals: The Female Perspective</i></a>. JHU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-2315-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4214-2315-9"><bdi>978-1-4214-2315-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reproduction+in+Mammals%3A+The+Female+Perspective&rft.pub=JHU+Press&rft.date=2017-10-27&rft.isbn=978-1-4214-2315-9&rft.aulast=Hayssen&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.au=Orr%2C+Teri+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwQE2DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/4078895.stm">"Laptops may damage male fertility"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 2004-12-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Laptops+may+damage+male+fertility&rft.date=2004-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F4078895.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheynkin2005" class="citation journal cs1">Sheynkin, Yefim; et al. (February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhumrep%2Fdeh616">"Increase in scrotal temperature in laptop computer users"</a>. <i>Hum. Reprod</i>. <b>20</b> (2): 452–455. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhumrep%2Fdeh616">10.1093/humrep/deh616</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15591087">15591087</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hum.+Reprod.&rft.atitle=Increase+in+scrotal+temperature+in+laptop+computer+users&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=452-455&rft.date=2005-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fhumrep%2Fdeh616&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15591087&rft.aulast=Sheynkin&rft.aufirst=Yefim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fhumrep%252Fdeh616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/p/pagets_disease_of_the_scrotum/intro.htm">"Paget's disease of the scrotum Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments and Causes"</a>. RightDiagnosis.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paget%27s+disease+of+the+scrotum+Symptoms%2C+Diagnosis%2C+Treatments+and+Causes&rft.pub=RightDiagnosis.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rightdiagnosis.com%2Fp%2Fpagets_disease_of_the_scrotum%2Fintro.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScrotum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrotum&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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title="Human anus">Anus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Limb_(anatomy)" title="Limb (anatomy)">Limbs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">Arm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder" title="Shoulder">Shoulder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axilla" title="Axilla">Axilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow" title="Elbow">Elbow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forearm" title="Forearm">Forearm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrist" title="Wrist">Wrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">Hand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finger" title="Finger">Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Fingernail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thumb" title="Thumb">Thumb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_finger" title="Index finger">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_finger" title="Middle finger">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_finger" title="Ring finger">Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_finger" title="Little finger">Little</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_leg" title="Human leg">Leg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">Buttocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip" title="Hip">Hip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thigh" title="Thigh">Thigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee" title="Knee">Knee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calf_(leg)" title="Calf (leg)">Calf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot" title="Foot">Foot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankle" title="Ankle">Ankle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heel" title="Heel">Heel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toe" title="Toe">Toe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Toenail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole_(foot)" title="Sole (foot)">Sole</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Male_reproductive_system" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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title="Sex organ">Internal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seminal_tract" title="Seminal tract">Seminal tract</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Testicle" title="Testicle">Testicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Layers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vaginalis" title="Tunica vaginalis">Tunica vaginalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_of_testis" title="Tunica albuginea of testis">Tunica albuginea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_vasculosa_testis" title="Tunica vasculosa testis">Tunica vasculosa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_of_testis" title="Appendix of testis">Appendix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediastinum_testis" title="Mediastinum testis">Mediastinum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobules_of_testis" title="Lobules of testis">Lobules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septa_of_testis" title="Septa of testis">Septa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leydig_cell" title="Leydig cell">Leydig cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sertoli_cell" title="Sertoli cell">Sertoli cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood%E2%80%93testis_barrier" title="Blood–testis barrier">Blood–testis barrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spermatogenesis" title="Spermatogenesis">Spermatogenesis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spermatogonium" title="Spermatogonium">Spermatogonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocytogenesis" title="Spermatocytogenesis">Spermatocytogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatocyte" title="Spermatocyte">Spermatocyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatidogenesis" title="Spermatidogenesis">Spermatidogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatid" title="Spermatid">Spermatid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermiogenesis" title="Spermiogenesis">Spermiogenesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatozoon" title="Spermatozoon">Spermatozoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seminiferous_tubule" title="Seminiferous tubule">Seminiferous tubules</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tubuli_seminiferi_recti" title="Tubuli seminiferi recti">Tubuli seminiferi recti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rete_testis" title="Rete testis">Retia testes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efferent_ducts" title="Efferent ducts">Efferent ducts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epididymis" title="Epididymis">Epididymides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appendix_of_the_epididymis" title="Appendix of the epididymis">Appendix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_ligament_of_epididymis" title="Inferior ligament of epididymis">Inferior ligaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_ligament_of_epididymis" title="Superior ligament of epididymis">Superior ligaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereocilia_(epididymis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereocilia (epididymis)">Stereocilia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradidymis" title="Paradidymis">Paradidymides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spermatic_cord" title="Spermatic cord">Spermatic cords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pampiniform_plexus" title="Pampiniform plexus">Pampiniform plexus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vas_deferens" title="Vas deferens">Vasa deferentia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ampulla_of_ductus_deferens" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampulla of ductus deferens">Ampullae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectovesical_pouch" title="Rectovesical pouch">Rectovesical pouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_artery" title="Testicular artery">Testicular arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testicular_vein" title="Testicular vein">Testicular veins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Male_accessory_gland" title="Male accessory gland">Accessory glands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seminal_vesicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Seminal vesicle">Seminal vesicles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Excretory_duct_of_seminal_gland" class="mw-redirect" title="Excretory duct of seminal gland">Excretory duct</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">Prostate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_crest" title="Urethral crest">Urethral crest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminal_colliculus" title="Seminal colliculus">Seminal colliculus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ejaculatory_duct" title="Ejaculatory duct">Ejaculatory ducts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_sinus" title="Prostatic sinus">Sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_ducts" title="Prostatic ducts">Ducts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_utricle" title="Prostatic utricle">Utricle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulbourethral_gland" title="Bulbourethral gland">Bulbourethral glands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Male_external_genitalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Male external genitalia">External</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_penis" title="Human penis">Penis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Root_of_penis" title="Root of penis">Root</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crus_of_penis" title="Crus of penis">Crura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulb_of_penis" title="Bulb of penis">Bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundiform_ligament" title="Fundiform ligament">Fundiform ligament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspensory_ligament_of_penis" title="Suspensory ligament of penis">Suspensory ligament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_penis" title="Body of penis">Body</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_cavernosum_penis" title="Corpus cavernosum penis">Corpora cavernosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabeculae_of_corpora_cavernosa_of_penis" title="Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa of penis">Trabeculae of corpora cavernosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_spongiosum_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Corpus spongiosum penis">Corpus spongiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trabeculae_of_corpus_spongiosum_of_penis" title="Trabeculae of corpus spongiosum of penis">Trabeculae of corpus spongiosum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glans_penis" title="Glans penis">Glans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreskin" title="Foreskin">Foreskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenulum_of_prepuce_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Frenulum of prepuce of penis">Frenulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_of_glans_penis" title="Corona of glans penis">Corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septum_glandis" title="Septum glandis">Septum glandis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penile_raphe" title="Penile raphe">Raphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">Fascia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subcutaneous_tissue_of_penis" title="Subcutaneous tissue of penis">Superficial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck%27s_fascia" title="Buck's fascia">Deep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunica_albuginea_(penis)" title="Tunica albuginea (penis)">Tunica albuginea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septum_of_the_penis" title="Septum of the penis">Septum</a></li> <li>Arteries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artery_of_bulb_of_penis" title="Artery of bulb of penis">Arteries of bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_artery_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal artery of the penis">Dorsal arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_artery_of_the_penis" title="Deep artery of the penis">Deep arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_artery" title="Internal pudendal artery">Internal pudendal artery</a></li></ul></li> <li>Veins <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_veins_of_penis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal veins of penis">Dorsal veins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vein_of_bulb_of_penis" title="Vein of bulb of penis">Vein of bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_pudendal_veins" title="Internal pudendal veins">Internal pudendal veins</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nerves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_nerve_of_the_penis" title="Dorsal nerve of the penis">Dorsal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pudendal_nerves" class="mw-redirect" title="Pudendal nerves">Pudendal nerves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">Urethra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_sphincter" title="Internal urethral sphincter">Internal urethral sphincter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_urethral_orifice" title="Internal urethral orifice">Internal urethral orifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-prostatic_urethra" title="Pre-prostatic urethra">Pre-prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatic_urethra" title="Prostatic urethra">Prostatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Membranous_urethra" title="Membranous urethra">Intermediate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spongy_urethra" title="Spongy urethra">Spongy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_sphincter_muscle_of_male_urethra" title="External sphincter muscle of male urethra">External sphincter muscle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navicular_fossa_of_male_urethra" title="Navicular fossa of male urethra">Navicular fossa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lacuna_magna" title="Lacuna magna">Lacuna magna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_meatus" title="Urinary meatus">External urethral orifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacunae_of_Morgagni" title="Lacunae of Morgagni">Lacunae of Morgagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_gland" title="Urethral gland">Urethral glands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scrotum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Layers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_skin" title="Human skin">Skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartos_fascia" title="Dartos fascia">Dartos fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_spermatic_fascia" title="External spermatic fascia">External spermatic fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremaster_muscle" title="Cremaster muscle">Cremaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremasteric_fascia" title="Cremasteric fascia">Cremasteric fascia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_spermatic_fascia" title="Internal spermatic fascia">Internal spermatic fascia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotal_ligament" title="Scrotal ligament">Ligament</a></li> <li>Raphe</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrotal_septum" title="Scrotal septum">Septum</a></li> <li>Arteries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_arteries" title="Anterior scrotal arteries">Anterior scrotal arteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_arteries" title="Posterior scrotal arteries">Posterior scrotal arteries</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nerves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Anterior scrotal nerves">Anterior scrotal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_nerves" title="Posterior scrotal nerves">Posterior scrotal nerves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perineal_nerve" title="Perineal nerve">Perineal nerve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_scrotal_veins" title="Posterior scrotal veins">Posterior scrotal veins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outline_of_human_sexuality" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sex" title="Template:Sex"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sex" title="Template talk:Sex"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sex" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sex"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outline_of_human_sexuality" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_human_sexuality" title="Outline of human sexuality">Outline</a> of <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Physiology" title="Physiology">Physiology</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clitoral_erection" title="Clitoral erection">Clitoral erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erogenous_zone" title="Erogenous zone">Erogenous zones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insemination" title="Insemination">Insemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex" title="Intersex">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libido" title="Libido">Libido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnal_emission" title="Nocturnal emission">Nocturnal emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm" title="Orgasm">Orgasm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_ejaculation" title="Female ejaculation">Female</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ejaculation" title="Ejaculation">male ejaculation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_thrust" title="Pelvic thrust">Pelvic thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erection" title="Erection">Penile erection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-ejaculate" title="Pre-ejaculate">Pre-ejaculate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">Sexual arousal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_response_cycle" title="Human sexual response cycle">Sexual response cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_stimulation" title="Sexual stimulation">Sexual stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaginal_lubrication" title="Vaginal lubrication">Vaginal lubrication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health" title="Sexual and reproductive health">Health</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">Condom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_contraceptive" title="Male contraceptive">Male contraceptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masters_and_Johnson" title="Masters and Johnson">Masters and Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_and_sexuality" title="Obesity and sexuality">Obesity and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_medicine" title="Reproductive medicine">Reproductive medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrology" title="Andrology">Andrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gynaecology" title="Gynaecology">Gynaecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_sex" title="Safe sex">Safe sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_education" title="Sex education">Sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_therapy" title="Sex therapy">Sex therapy</a> (<a href="/wiki/PLISSIT_model" title="PLISSIT model">PLISSIT model</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">Sexology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_dysfunction" title="Sexual dysfunction">Sexual dysfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erectile_dysfunction" title="Erectile dysfunction">Erectile dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoactive_sexual_desire_disorder" title="Hypoactive sexual desire disorder">Hyposexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_medicine" title="Sexual medicine">Sexual medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection" title="Sexually transmitted infection">Sexually transmitted infection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Identity_(social_science)" title="Identity (social science)">Identity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_diversity" title="Sexual diversity">diversity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_binary" title="Gender binary">Gender binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">Men who have sex with men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_identity" title="Sexual identity">Sexual identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_who_have_sex_with_women" title="Women who have sex with women">Women who have sex with women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">Age of consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_transmission_of_HIV" title="Criminal transmission of HIV">Criminal transmission of HIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexual_abuse" title="Child sexual abuse">Child sexual abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incest" title="Incest">Incest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indecent_exposure" title="Indecent exposure">Indecent exposure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">Obscenity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">Sexual abuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex_trafficking" title="Cybersex trafficking">Cybersex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking" title="Sex trafficking">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">Sexual assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_misconduct" title="Sexual misconduct">Sexual misconduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slavery" title="Sexual slavery">Sexual slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence" title="Sexual violence">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revenge_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge pornography">Revenge pornography</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_human_sexuality" title="History of human sexuality">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Movie" title="Blue Movie">Blue Movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Counterculture of the 1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_sex_wars" title="Feminist sex wars">Feminist sex wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Porn" title="Golden Age of Porn">Golden Age of Porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_erotic_depictions" title="History of erotic depictions">History of erotic depictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship" title="Intimate relationship">Relationships</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchism and love/sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extramarital_sex" title="Extramarital sex">Extramarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orgasm_gap" title="Orgasm gap">Orgasm gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premarital_sex" title="Premarital sex">Premarital sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">Sexual objectification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_slang" title="Sexual slang">Sexual slang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sexuality_by_country" title="Category:Sexuality by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome" title="Sexuality in ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Japan" title="Sexuality in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_Philippines" title="Sexuality in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_South_Korea" title="Sexuality in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_the_United_States" title="Sexuality in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anal_sex" title="Anal sex">Anal sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bareback_(sexual_act)" title="Bareback (sexual act)">Bareback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_sexuality" title="Child sexuality">Child sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creampie_(sexual_act)" title="Creampie (sexual act)">Creampie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice)" title="Edging (sexual practice)">Edging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_sexual_denial" title="Erotic sexual denial">Erotic sexual denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facial_(sexual_act)" title="Facial (sexual act)">Facial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisting" title="Fisting">Fisting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_fetishism" title="Foot fetishism">Foot fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footjob" title="Footjob">Footjob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_orgasm" title="Forced orgasm">Forced orgasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frot" title="Frot">Frot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_bang" title="Gang bang">Gang bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mammary_intercourse" title="Mammary intercourse">Mammary intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex#Manual_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Manual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)#Anus" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Anal fingering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingering_(sexual_act)" title="Fingering (sexual act)">Fingering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handjob" title="Handjob">Handjob</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masturbation" title="Masturbation">Masturbation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanics_of_human_sexuality" title="Mechanics of human sexuality">Mechanics of sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipple_stimulation" title="Nipple stimulation">Nipple stimulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-penetrative_sex" title="Non-penetrative sex">Non-penetrative sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_sex" title="Oral sex">Oral sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/69_(sex_position)" title="69 (sex position)">69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anilingus" title="Anilingus">Anilingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunnilingus" title="Cunnilingus">Cunnilingus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellatio" title="Fellatio">Fellatio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrumatio" title="Irrumatio">Irrumatio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraphilia" title="Paraphilia">Paraphilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompoir" title="Pompoir">Pompoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quickie_(sex)" class="mw-redirect" title="Quickie (sex)">Quickie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexercise" title="Sexercise">Sexercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_space" title="Sex in space">Sex in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_position" title="Sex position">Sex positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fantasy" title="Sexual fantasy">Sexual fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_fetishism" title="Sexual fetishism">Sexual fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">Sexual intercourse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_penetration" title="Sexual penetration">Sexual penetration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumata">Sumata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribadism" title="Tribadism">Tribadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_intercourse" title="Urethral intercourse">Urethral intercourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urolagnia" title="Urolagnia">Urolagnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_sex" title="Virtual sex">Virtual sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersex" title="Cybersex">Cybersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_talk" title="Erotic talk">Erotic talk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_T-shirt_contest" title="Wet T-shirt contest">Wet T-shirt contest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sex_industry" title="Sex industry">Sex industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_nudity_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and nudity in video games">Adult video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotica" title="Erotica">Erotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film_actor" title="Pornographic film actor">Film actor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution">Prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_sex" title="Survival sex">Survival sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-light_district" title="Red-light district">Red-light district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sex_museums" title="List of sex museums">Sex museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_shop" title="Sex shop">Sex shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_tourism" title="Sex tourism">Sex tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_sex_tourism" title="Child sex tourism">Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_sex_tourism" title="Female sex tourism">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_worker" title="Sex worker">Sex worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_toy" title="Sex toy">Sex toy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_doll" title="Sex doll">Doll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strip_club" title="Strip club">Strip club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webcam_model" title="Webcam model">Webcam model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_sexuality" title="Religion and sexuality">Religion and<br />sexuality</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_sexuality" title="Buddhism and sexuality">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_sexuality" class="mw-redirect" title="Hinduism and sexuality">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tantric_sex" title="Tantric sex">Tantric sex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Christian_demonology" title="Sexuality in Christian demonology">Christian demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy" title="Clerical celibacy">Clerical celibacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_monasticism" title="Buddhist monasticism">Buddhist monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Clerical celibacy in the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matha" title="Matha">Hindu monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_monasticism" title="Jain monasticism">Jain monasticism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoist_sexual_practices" title="Taoist sexual practices">Daoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_LGBT_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion and LGBT people">LGBT people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT-affirming_religious_groups" title="LGBT-affirming religious groups">LGBT-affirming religious groups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_and_Mormonism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexuality and Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution" title="Sacred prostitution">Sacred prostitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_prostitution_in_ancient_Greece" title="Sacred prostitution in ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bisexuality_symbol_(bold,_color).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/16px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/24px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg/32px-Bisexuality_symbol_%28bold%2C_color%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="25" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality" title="Portal:Human sexuality">Human sexuality portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174471#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174471#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174471#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4160318-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Scrotum"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85118990">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Scrotum"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12000631c">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Scrotum"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12000631c">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="šourek"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph1177376&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565869405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url/?p=1323&url_prefix=https:%2F%2Fwww.unifr.ch%2Fifaa%2FPublic%2FEntryPage%2FTA98%20Tree%2FEntity%20TA98%20EN%2F&url_suffix=%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm&id=A09.4.03.001">Terminologia Anatomica</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/wikidata-externalid-url/?p=1323&url_prefix=https:%2F%2Fwww.unifr.ch%2Fifaa%2FPublic%2FEntryPage%2FTA98%20Tree%2FEntity%20TA98%20EN%2F&url_suffix=%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm&id=A09.4.03.004">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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