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Petrova</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Petya Cv. Petrova"> <meta name="keywords" content="Petya Cv. Petrova"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Petya Cv. 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Petrova"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Petya Cv. Petrova</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Alumina Supported Cu-Mn-La Catalysts for CO and VOCs Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elitsa%20N.%20Kolentsova">Elitsa N. Kolentsova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitar%20Y.%20Dimitrov"> Dimitar Y. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petya%20Cv.%20Petrova"> Petya Cv. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgi%20V.%20Avdeev"> Georgi V. Avdeev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20D.%20Nihtianova"> Diana D. Nihtianova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krasimir%20I.%20Ivanov"> Krasimir I. Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20T.%20Tabakova"> Tatyana T. Tabakova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, copper and manganese-containing systems are recognized as active and selective catalysts in many oxidation reactions. The main idea of this study is to obtain more information about γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>supported Cu-La catalysts and to evaluate their activity to simultaneous oxidation of CO, CH<sub>3</sub>OH and dimethyl ether (DME). The catalysts were synthesized by impregnation of support with a mixed aqueous solution of nitrates of copper, manganese and lanthanum under different conditions. XRD, HRTEM/EDS, TPR and thermal analysis were performed to investigate catalysts’ bulk and surface properties. The texture characteristics were determined by Quantachrome Instruments NOVA 1200e specific surface area and pore analyzer. The catalytic measurements of single compounds oxidation were carried out on continuous flow equipment with a four-channel isothermal stainless steel reactor in a wide temperature range. On the basis of XRD analysis and HRTEM/EDS, it was concluded that the active component of the mixed Cu-Mn-La/γ–alumina catalysts strongly depends on the Cu/Mn molar ratio and consisted of at least four compounds – CuO, La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MnO<sub>2</sub> and Cu<sub>1.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. A homogeneous distribution of the active component on the carrier surface was found. The chemical composition strongly influenced catalytic properties. This influence was quite variable with regards to the different processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Mn-La%20oxide%20catalysts" title="Cu-Mn-La oxide catalysts">Cu-Mn-La oxide catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20oxide" title=" carbon oxide"> carbon oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOCs" title=" VOCs"> VOCs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20oxidation" title=" deep oxidation"> deep oxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52487/alumina-supported-cu-mn-la-catalysts-for-co-and-vocs-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Alumina Supported Cu-Mn-Cr Catalysts for CO and VOCs oxidation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krasimir%20Ivanov">Krasimir Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elitsa%20Kolentsova"> Elitsa Kolentsova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitar%20Dimitrov"> Dimitar Dimitrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petya%20Petrova"> Petya Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20Tabakova"> Tatyana Tabakova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work studies the effect of chemical composition on the activity and selectivity of γ–alumina supported CuO/ MnO2/Cr2O3 catalysts toward deep oxidation of CO, dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation of the support with an aqueous solution of copper nitrate, manganese nitrate and CrO3 under different conditions. Thermal, XRD and TPR analysis were performed. The catalytic measurements of single compounds oxidation were carried out on continuous flow equipment with a four-channel isothermal stainless steel reactor. Flow-line equipment with an adiabatic reactor for simultaneous oxidation of all compounds under the conditions that mimic closely the industrial ones was used. The reactant and product gases were analyzed by means of on-line gas chromatographs. On the basis of XRD analysis it can be concluded that the active component of the mixed Cu-Mn-Cr/γ–alumina catalysts consists of at least six compounds – CuO, Cr2O3, MnO2, Cu1.5Mn1.5O4, Cu1.5Cr1.5O4 and CuCr2O4, depending on the Cu/Mn/Cr molar ratio. Chemical composition strongly influences catalytic properties, this influence being quite variable with regards to the different processes. The rate of CO oxidation rapidly decrease with increasing of chromium content in the active component while for the DME was observed the reverse trend. It was concluded that the best compromise are the catalysts with Cu/(Mn + Cr) molar ratio 1:5 and Mn/Cr molar ratio from 1:3 to 1:4. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Mn-Cr%20oxide%20catalysts" title="Cu-Mn-Cr oxide catalysts">Cu-Mn-Cr oxide catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volatile%20organic%20compounds" title=" volatile organic compounds"> volatile organic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20oxidation" title=" deep oxidation"> deep oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimethyl%20ether%20%28DME%29" title=" dimethyl ether (DME)"> dimethyl ether (DME)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23641/alumina-supported-cu-mn-cr-catalysts-for-co-and-vocs-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Structure-Activity Relationship of Gold Catalysts on Alumina Supported Cu-Ce Oxides for CO and Volatile Organic Compound Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20T.%20Tabakova">Tatyana T. Tabakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elitsa%20N.%20Kolentsova"> Elitsa N. Kolentsova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitar%20Y.%20Dimitrov"> Dimitar Y. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krasimir%20I.%20Ivanov"> Krasimir I. Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yordanka%20G.%20Karakirova"> Yordanka G. Karakirova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petya%20Cv.%20Petrova"> Petya Cv. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgi%20V.%20Avdeev"> Georgi V. Avdeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The catalytic oxidation of CO and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is considered as one of the most efficient ways to reduce harmful emissions from various chemical industries. The effectiveness of gold-based catalysts for many reactions of environmental significance was proven during the past three decades. The aim of this work was to combine the favorable features of Au and Cu-Ce mixed oxides in the design of new catalytic materials of improved efficiency and economic viability for removal of air pollutants in waste gases from formaldehyde production. Supported oxides of copper and cerium with Cu: Ce molar ratio 2:1 and 1:5 were prepared by wet impregnation of g-alumina. Gold (2 wt.%) catalysts were synthesized by a deposition-precipitation method. Catalysts characterization was carried out by texture measurements, powder X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The catalytic activity in the oxidation of CO, CH<sub>3</sub>OH and (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O was measured using continuous flow equipment with fixed bed reactor. Both Cu-Ce/alumina samples demonstrated similar catalytic behavior. The addition of gold caused significant enhancement of CO and methanol oxidation activity (100 % degree of CO and CH<sub>3</sub>OH conversion at about 60 and 140 <sup>o</sup>C, respectively). The composition of Cu-Ce mixed oxides affected the performance of gold-based samples considerably. Gold catalyst on Cu-Ce/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 1:5 exhibited higher activity for CO and CH<sub>3</sub>OH oxidation in comparison with Au on Cu-Ce/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> 2:1. The better performance of Au/Cu-Ce 1:5 was related to the availability of highly dispersed gold particles and copper oxide clusters in close contact with ceria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%20and%20VOCs%20oxidation" title="CO and VOCs oxidation">CO and VOCs oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20oxide" title=" copper oxide"> copper oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ceria" title=" Ceria"> Ceria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20catalysts" title=" gold catalysts"> gold catalysts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68871/structure-activity-relationship-of-gold-catalysts-on-alumina-supported-cu-ce-oxides-for-co-and-volatile-organic-compound-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68871.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Synthesis, Structure and Functional Characteristics of Solid Electrolytes Based on Lanthanum Niobates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20V.%20Morozova">Maria V. Morozova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulia%20V.%20Emelyanova"> Yulia V. Emelyanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20A.%20Levina"> Anastasia A. Levina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20S.%20Buyanova"> Elena S. Buyanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoya%20A.%20Mikhaylovskaya"> Zoya A. Mikhaylovskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20A.%20Petrova"> Sofia A. Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solid solutions of lanthanum niobates substituted by yttrium, bismuth and tungsten were synthesized. The structure of the solid solutions is either LaNbO4-based monoclinic or BiNbO4-based triclinic. The series where niobium is substituted by tungsten on B site reveals phase-modulated structure. The values of cell parameters decrease with increasing the dopant concentration for all samples except the tungsten series although the latter show higher total conductivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance%20spectroscopy" title="impedance spectroscopy">impedance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LaNbO4" title=" LaNbO4"> LaNbO4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lanthanum%20ortho-niobates" title=" lanthanum ortho-niobates"> lanthanum ortho-niobates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20electrolyte" title=" solid electrolyte"> solid electrolyte</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38426/synthesis-structure-and-functional-characteristics-of-solid-electrolytes-based-on-lanthanum-niobates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of Columnar-Structured Mn-Doped Bi26Mo10O69-d Electrolytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20V.%20Morozova">Maria V. Morozova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoya%20A.%20Mikhaylovskaya"> Zoya A. Mikhaylovskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20S.%20Buyanova"> Elena S. Buyanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20A.%20Petrova"> Sofia A. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksenia%20V.%20Arishina"> Ksenia V. Arishina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20G.%20Zaharov"> Robert G. Zaharov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work is devoted to the investigation of two series of doped bismuth molybdates: Bi₂₆-₂ₓMn₂ₓMo₁₀O₆₉-d and Bi₂₆Mo₁₀-₂yMn₂yO₆₉-d. Complex oxides were synthesized by conventional solid state technology and by co-precipitation method. The products were identified by powder diffraction. The powders and ceramic samples were examined by means of densitometry, laser diffraction, and electron microscopic methods. Porosity of the ceramic materials was estimated using the hydrostatic method. The electrical conductivity measurements were carried out using impedance spectroscopy method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bismuth%20molybdate" title="bismuth molybdate">bismuth molybdate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=columnar%20structures" title=" columnar structures"> columnar structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance%20spectroscopy" title=" impedance spectroscopy"> impedance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20ionic%20conductors" title=" oxygen ionic conductors"> oxygen ionic conductors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38423/structural-and-electrochemical-characterization-of-columnar-structured-mn-doped-bi26mo10o69-d-electrolytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Discovering the Dimension of Abstractness: Structure-Based Model that Learns New Categories and Categorizes on Different Levels of Abstraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgi%20I.%20Petkov">Georgi I. Petkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20I.%20Vankov"> Ivan I. Vankov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yolina%20A.%20Petrova"> Yolina A. Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A structure-based model of category learning and categorization at different levels of abstraction is presented. The model compares different structures and expresses their similarity implicitly in the forms of mappings. Based on this similarity, the model can categorize different targets either as members of categories that it already has or creates new categories. The model is novel using two threshold parameters to evaluate the structural correspondence. If the similarity between two structures exceeds the higher threshold, a new sub-ordinate category is created. Vice versa, if the similarity does not exceed the higher threshold but does the lower one, the model creates a new category on higher level of abstraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analogy-making" title="analogy-making">analogy-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=categorization" title=" categorization"> categorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20of%20categories" title=" learning of categories"> learning of categories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abstraction" title=" abstraction"> abstraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20structure" title=" hierarchical structure"> hierarchical structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94222/discovering-the-dimension-of-abstractness-structure-based-model-that-learns-new-categories-and-categorizes-on-different-levels-of-abstraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Role-Governed Categorization and Category Learning as a Result from Structural Alignment: The RoleMap Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yolina%20A.%20Petrova">Yolina A. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgi%20I.%20Petkov"> Georgi I. Petkov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a symbolic model for category learning and categorization (called <em>RoleMap</em>). Unlike the other models which implement learning in a separate working mode, role-governed category learning and categorization emerge in <em>RoleMap</em> while it does its usual reasoning. The model is based on several basic mechanisms known as reflecting the sub-processes of analogy-making. It steps on the assumption that in their everyday life people constantly compare what they experience and what they know. Various commonalities between the incoming information (current experience) and the stored one (long-term memory) emerge from those comparisons. Some of those commonalities are considered to be highly important, and they are transformed into concepts for further use. This process denotes the category learning. When there is missing knowledge in the incoming information (i.e. the perceived object is still not recognized), the model makes anticipations about what is missing, based on the similar episodes from its long-term memory. Various such anticipations may emerge for different reasons. However, with time only one of them wins and is transformed into a category member. This process denotes the act of categorization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analogy-making" title="analogy-making">analogy-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=categorization" title=" categorization"> categorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=category%20learning" title=" category learning"> category learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20modeling" title=" cognitive modeling"> cognitive modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role-governed%20categories" title=" role-governed categories"> role-governed categories</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94200/role-governed-categorization-and-category-learning-as-a-result-from-structural-alignment-the-rolemap-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Effect of an Interface Defect in a Patch/Layer Joint under Dynamic Time Harmonic Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elisaveta%20Kirilova">Elisaveta Kirilova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfried%20Becker"> Wilfried Becker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordanka%20Ivanova"> Jordanka Ivanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatyana%20Petrova"> Tatyana Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is a continuation of the research on the hygrothermal piezoelectric response of a smart patch/layer joint with undesirable interface defect (gap) at dynamic time harmonic mechanical and electrical load and environmental conditions. In order to find the axial displacements, shear stress and interface debond length in a closed analytical form for different positions of the interface gap, the 1D modified shear lag analysis is used. The debond length is represented as a function of many parameters (frequency, magnitude, electric displacement, moisture and temperature, joint geometry, position of the gap along the interface, etc.). Then the Genetic algorithm (GA) is implemented to find this position of the gap along the interface at which a vanishing/minimal debond length is ensured, e.g to find the most harmless position for the safe work of the structure. The illustrative example clearly shows that analytical shear-lag solutions and GA method can be combined successfully to give an effective prognosis of interface shear stress and interface delamination in patch/layer structure at combined loading with existing defects. To show the effect of the position of the interface gap, all obtained results are given in figures and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title="genetic algorithm">genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimal%20delamination" title=" minimal delamination"> minimal delamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20gap%20position" title=" optimal gap position"> optimal gap position</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20lag%20solution" title=" shear lag solution"> shear lag solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74794/effect-of-an-interface-defect-in-a-patchlayer-joint-under-dynamic-time-harmonic-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Study on the Presence of Protozoal Coinfections among Patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Tsvetkova">Nina Tsvetkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rumen%20Harizanov"> Rumen Harizanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Ivanova"> Aleksandra Ivanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iskra%20Rainova"> Iskra Rainova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Yancheva-Petrova"> Nina Yancheva-Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitar%20Strashimirov"> Dimitar Strashimirov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raina%20Enikova"> Raina Enikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaela%20Videnova"> Mihaela Videnova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleonora%20Kaneva"> Eleonora Kaneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iskren%20Kaftandjiev"> Iskren Kaftandjiev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktoria%20Levterova"> Viktoria Levterova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Simeonovski"> Ivan Simeonovski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolay%20Yanev"> Nikolay Yanev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgi%20Hinkov"> Georgi Hinkov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) and protozoan of the genera Acanthamoeba, Cryptosporidium, and Toxoplasma gondii are opportunistic pathogens that can cause life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Aim of the study was to evaluate the coinfection rate with opportunistic protozoal agents among Bulgarian patients diagnosed with P. jirovecii pneumonia. Thirty-eight pulmonary samples were collected from 38 patients (28 HIV-infected) with P. jirovecii infection. P. jirovecii DNA was detected by real-time PCR targeting the large mitochondrial subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Acanthamoeba was determined by genus-specific conventional PCR assay. Real-time PCR for the detection of a Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium DNA fragment was used. Pneumocystis DNA was detected in all 38 specimens; 28 (73.7%) were from HIV-infected patients. Three (10,7%) of them were co-infected with T. gondii and 1 (3.6%) with Cryptosporidium. In the group of non-HIV-infected (n=10), Cryptosporidium DNA was detected in an infant (10%). Acanthamoeba DNA was not found in the tested samples. The current study showed a relatively low rate of coinfections of Cryptosporidium spp./T. gondii and P. jirovecii in the Bulgarian patients studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coinfection" title="coinfection">coinfection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opportunistic%20protozoal%20agents" title=" opportunistic protozoal agents"> opportunistic protozoal agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pneumocystis%20jirovecii" title=" Pneumocystis jirovecii"> Pneumocystis jirovecii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary%20infections" title=" pulmonary infections"> pulmonary infections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151450/study-on-the-presence-of-protozoal-coinfections-among-patients-with-pneumocystis-jirovecii-pneumonia-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Effect of Diamagnetic Additives on Defects Level of Soft LiTiZn Ferrite Ceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20V.%20Malyshev">Andrey V. Malyshev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20B.%20Petrova"> Anna B. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatoly%20P.%20Surzhikov"> Anatoly P. Surzhikov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article presents the results of the influence of diamagnetic additives on the defects level of ferrite ceramics. For this purpose, we use a previously developed method based on the mathematical analysis of experimental temperature dependences of the initial permeability. A phenomenological expression for the description of such dependence was suggested and an interpretation of its main parameters was given. It was shown, that the main criterion of the integral defects level of ferrite ceramics is the relation of two parameters correlating with elastic stress value in a material. Model samples containing a controlled number of intergranular phase inclusions served to prove the validity of the proposed method, as well as to assess its sensitivity in comparison with the traditional XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis. The broadening data of diffraction reflexes of model samples have served for such comparison. The defects level data obtained by the proposed method are in good agreement with the X-ray data. The method showed high sensitivity. Therefore, the legitimacy of the selection relationship β/α parameters of phenomenological expression as a characteristic of the elastic state of the ferrite ceramics confirmed. In addition, the obtained data can be used in the detection of non-magnetic phases and testing the optimal sintering production technology of soft magnetic ferrites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cure%20point" title="cure point">cure point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initial%20permeability" title=" initial permeability"> initial permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integral%20defects%20level" title=" integral defects level"> integral defects level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homogeneity" title=" homogeneity"> homogeneity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92653/effect-of-diamagnetic-additives-on-defects-level-of-soft-litizn-ferrite-ceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Cyber Warfare and Cyber Terrorism: An Analysis of Global Cooperation and Cyber Security Counter Measures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mastoor%20Qubra">Mastoor Qubra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyber-attacks have frequently disrupted the critical infrastructures of the major global states and now, cyber threat has become one of the dire security risks for the states across the globe. Recently, ransomware cyber-attacks, wannacry and petya, have affected hundreds of thousands of computer servers and individuals’ private machines in more than hundred countries across Europe, Middle East, Asia, United States and Australia. Although, states are rapidly becoming aware of the destructive nature of this new security threat and counter measures are being taken but states’ isolated efforts would be inadequate to deal with this heinous security challenge, rather a global coordination and cooperation is inevitable in order to develop a credible cyber deterrence policy. Hence, the paper focuses that coordinated global approach is required to deter posed cyber threat. This paper intends to analyze the cyber security counter measures in four dimensions i.e. evaluation of prevalent strategies at bilateral level, initiatives and limitations for cooperation at global level, obstacles to combat cyber terrorism and finally, recommendations to deter the threat by applying tools of deterrence theory. Firstly, it focuses on states’ efforts to combat the cyber threat and in this regard, US-Australia Cyber Security Dialogue is comprehensively illustrated and investigated. Secondly, global partnerships and strategic and analytic role of multinational organizations, particularly United Nations (UN), to deal with the heinous threat, is critically analyzed and flaws are highlighted, for instance; less significance of cyber laws within international law as compared to other conflict prone issues. In addition to this, there are certain obstacles and limitations at national, regional and global level to implement the cyber terrorism counter strategies which are presented in the third section. Lastly, by underlining the gaps and grey areas in the current cyber security counter measures, it aims to apply tools of deterrence theory, i.e. defense, attribution and retaliation, in the cyber realm to contribute towards formulating a credible cyber deterrence strategy at global level. Thus, this study is significant in understanding and determining the inevitable necessity of counter cyber terrorism strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attribution" title="attribution">attribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20infrastructure" title=" critical infrastructure"> critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyber%20terrorism" title=" cyber terrorism"> cyber terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20cooperation" title=" global cooperation"> global cooperation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79819/cyber-warfare-and-cyber-terrorism-an-analysis-of-global-cooperation-and-cyber-security-counter-measures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Medicinal Plants: An Antiviral Depository with Complex Mode of Action</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Todorov">Daniel Todorov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20Hinkov"> Anton Hinkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petya%20Angelova"> Petya Angelova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalina%20Shishkova"> Kalina Shishkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venelin%20Tsvetkov"> Venelin Tsvetkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stoyan%20Shishkov"> Stoyan Shishkov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human herpes viruses (HHV) are ubiquitous pathogens with a pandemic spread across the globe. HHV type 1 is the main causative agent of cold sores and fever blisters around the mouth and on the face, whereas HHV type 2 is generally responsible for genital herpes outbreaks. The treatment of both viruses is more or less successful with antivirals from the nucleoside analogues group. Their wide application increasingly leads to the emergence of resistant mutants In the past, medicinal plants have been used to treat a number of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Their diversity and ability to produce the vast variety of secondary metabolites according to the characteristics of the environment give them the potential to help us in our warfare with viral infections. The variable chemical characteristics and complex composition is an advantage in the treatment of herpes since the emergence of resistant mutants is significantly complicated. The screening process is difficult due to the lack of standardization. That is why it is especially important to follow the mechanism of antiviral action of plants. On the one hand, it may be expected to interact with its compounds, resulting in enhanced antiviral effects, and the most appropriate environmental conditions can be chosen to maximize the amount of active secondary metabolites. During our study, we followed the activity of various plant extracts on the viral replication cycle as well as their effect on the extracellular virion. We obtained our results following the logical sequence of the experimental settings - determining the cytotoxicity of the extracts, evaluating the overall effect on viral replication and extracellular virion.During our research, we have screened a variety of plant extracts for their antiviral activity against both virus replication and the virion itself. We investigated the effect of the extracts on the individual stages of the viral replication cycle - viral adsorption, penetration and the effect on replication depending on the time of addition. If there are positive results in the later experiments, we had studied the activity over viral adsorption, penetration and the effect of replication according to the time of addition. Our results indicate that some of the extracts from the Lamium album have several targets. The first stages of the viral life cycle are most affected. Several of our active antiviral agents have shown an effect on extracellular virion and adsorption and penetration processes. Our research over the last decade has shown several curative antiviral plants - some of which are from the Lamiacea family. The rich set of active ingredients of the plants in this family makes them a good source of antiviral preparation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20herpes%20virus" title="human herpes virus">human herpes virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antiviral%20activity" title=" antiviral activity"> antiviral activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamium%20album" title=" Lamium album"> Lamium album</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nepeta%20nuda" title=" Nepeta nuda"> Nepeta nuda</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90194/medicinal-plants-an-antiviral-depository-with-complex-mode-of-action" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> A Multilingual Model in the Multicultural World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20Petrova">Marina Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Language policy issues related to the preservation and development of the native languages of the Russian peoples and the state languages of the national republics are increasingly becoming the focus of recent attention of educators and parents, public and national figures. Is it legal to teach the national language or the mother tongue as the state language? Due to that dispute language phobia moods easily evolve into xenophobia among the population. However, a civilized, intelligent multicultural personality can only be formed if the country develops bilingualism and multilingualism, and languages as a political tool help to find ‘keys’ to sufficiently closed national communities both within a poly-ethnic state and in internal relations of multilingual countries. The purpose of this study is to design and theoretically substantiate an efficient model of language education in the innovatively developing Republic of Sakha. 800 participants from different educational institutions of Yakutia worked at developing a multilingual model of education. This investigation is of considerable practical importance because researchers could build a methodical system designed to create conditions for the formation of a cultural language personality and the development of the multilingual communicative competence of Yakut youth, necessary for communication in native, Russian and foreign languages. The selected methodology of humane-personal and competence approaches is reliable and valid. Researchers used a variety of sources of information, including access to related scientific fields (philosophy of education, sociology, humane and social pedagogy, psychology, effective psychotherapy, methods of teaching Russian, psycholinguistics, socio-cultural education, ethnoculturology, ethnopsychology). Of special note is the application of theoretical and empirical research methods, a combination of academic analysis of the problem and experienced training, positive results of experimental work, representative series, correct processing and statistical reliability of the obtained data. It ensures the validity of the investigation’s findings as well as their broad introduction into practice of life-long language education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20communication" title="intercultural communication">intercultural communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20policy" title=" language policy"> language policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingual%20and%20multicultural%20education" title=" multilingual and multicultural education"> multilingual and multicultural education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Sakha%20Republic%20of%20Yakutia" title=" the Sakha Republic of Yakutia"> the Sakha Republic of Yakutia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86770/a-multilingual-model-in-the-multicultural-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Rare Case of Three Metachronous Cancers Occurring over the Period of Three Years: Clinical Importance of Investigating Neoplastic Growth Discovered during Follow-Up</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marin%20Kanarev">Marin Kanarev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Delyan%20Stoyanov"> Delyan Stoyanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivanna%20Popova"> Ivanna Popova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadezhda%20Petrova"> Nadezhda Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thanks to increased survival rates in patients bearing oncological malignancies due to recent developments in anti-cancer therapies and diagnostic techniques, observation of clinical cases of metachronous cancers is more common and can provide more in-depth knowledge of their development and, as a result, help clinicians apply suitable therapy. This unusual case of three metachronous tumors presented the opportunity to follow their occurrence, progression, and treatment thoroughly. A 77-year-old male presented with carcinoma ventriculi of the pylorus region, which was surgically removed via upper subtotal stomach resection, a lateral antecolical gastro-enteroanastomosis, and a subsequent Braun anastomosis. An EOX chemotherapy regimen followed. A CT scan four months later showed no indication of recurrence or dissemination. The same scan, performed as a part of the follow-up plan two years later, showed an indication of neoplastic growth in the urinary bladder. After the patient had been directed to a urologist, the suspicion was confirmed, and the growth was histologically diagnosed as a carcinoma of the urinary bladder. An immunohistochemistry test showed an expression of PDL1 of less than 5%, which resulted in treatment with GemCis chemotherapy regimen that led to full remission. Two years and seven months after the first surgery, a CT scan showed again that the two carcinomas were gone. However, four months later, elevated tumor markers prompted a PET/CT scan, which showed data indicative of recurring neoplastic growth in the region of the stomach cardia. It was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma infiltrating the esophagus. Preoperative chemotherapy with the ECF regimen was completed in four courses, and a CT scan showed no progression of the disease. In less than a month after therapy, the patient underwent laparotomy, debridement, gastrectomy, and a subsequent mechanical terminal-lateral esophago-jejunoanasthomosis. It was verified that the tumor originated from metastasis from the carcinoma ventriculi, which was located in the pylorus. In conclusion, this case report highlights the importance of patient follow-up and studying recurring neoplastic growth. Despite the absence of symptoms, clinicians should maintain a high level of suspicion when evaluating the patient data and choosing the most suitable therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma" title="carcinoma">carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follow-up" title=" follow-up"> follow-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metachronous" title=" metachronous"> metachronous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoplastic%20growth" title=" neoplastic growth"> neoplastic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrence" title=" recurrence"> recurrence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157602/rare-case-of-three-metachronous-cancers-occurring-over-the-period-of-three-years-clinical-importance-of-investigating-neoplastic-growth-discovered-during-follow-up" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> An Efficient and Low Cost Protocol for Rapid and Mass in vitro Propagation of Hyssopus officinalis L.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ira%20V.%20Stancheva">Ira V. Stancheva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ely%20G.%20Zayova"> Ely G. Zayova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20P.%20Geneva"> Maria P. Geneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marieta%20G.%20Hristozkova"> Marieta G. Hristozkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyudmila%20I.%20Dimitrova"> Lyudmila I. Dimitrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20I.%20Petrova"> Maria I. Petrova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study describes a highly efficient and low-cost protocol for rapid and mass in vitro propagation of medicinal and aromatic plant species (Hyssopus officinalis L., Lamiaceae). Hyssop is an important aromatic herb used for its medicinal values because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The protocol for large-scale multiplication of this aromatic plant was developed using young stem tips explants. The explants were sterilized with 0.04% mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) solution for 20 minutes and washing three times with sterile distilled water in 15 minutes. The cultural media was full and half strength Murashige and Skoog medium containing indole-3-butyric acid. Full and ½ Murashige and Skoog media without auxin were used as controls. For each variant 20 glass tubes with two plants were used. In each tube two tip and nodal explants were inoculated. Maximum shoot and root number were obtained on ½ Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid at the same time after four weeks of culture. The number of shoots per explant and shoot height were considered. The data on rooting percentage, the number of roots per plant and root length were collected after the same cultural period. The highest percentage of survival 85% for this medicinal plant was recorded in mixture of soil, sand and perlite (2:1:1 v/v/v). This mixture was most suitable for acclimatization of all propagated plants. Ex vitro acclimatization was carried out at 24±1 °C and 70% relative humidity under 16 h illuminations (50 μmol m⁻²s⁻¹). After adaptation period, the all plants were transferred to the field. The plants flowered within three months after transplantation. Phenotypic variations in the acclimatized plants were not observed. An average of 90% of the acclimatized plants survived after transferring into the field. All the in vitro propagated plants displayed normal development under the field conditions. Developed in vitro techniques could provide a promising alternative tool for large-scale propagation that increases the number of homologous plants for field cultivation. Acknowledgments: This study was conducted with financial support from National Science Fund at the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, Project DN06/7 17.12.16. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyssopus%20officinalis%20L." title="Hyssopus officinalis L.">Hyssopus officinalis L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20culture" title=" in vitro culture"> in vitro culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20propagation" title=" micro propagation"> micro propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acclimatization" title=" acclimatization"> acclimatization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70897/an-efficient-and-low-cost-protocol-for-rapid-and-mass-in-vitro-propagation-of-hyssopus-officinalis-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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