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Available in 131 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-131" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">131 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peuta" title="Peuta – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Peuta" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaart" title="Kaart – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kaart" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carte_(land)" title="Carte (land) – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Carte (land)" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9" title="خريطة – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خريطة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%87" title="خريطه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خريطه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0" title="মানচিত্ৰ – ассомӣ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মানচিত্ৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассомӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="नक्शा – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="नक्शा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C9%99rit%C9%99" title="Xəritə – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xəritə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Географик карта – бошқирдӣ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Географик карта" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="бошқирдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDemielapis" title="Žemielapis – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žemielapis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Геаграфічная карта – белорусӣ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Геаграфічная карта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Мапа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мапа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Карта – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карта" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="नक्शा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="नक्शा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar" title="Kar – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kar" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="মানচিত্র – бинғолӣ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মানচিত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бинғолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karta" title="Karta – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Karta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AA-d%C3%B9" title="Dê-dù – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dê-dù" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%83%E1%8E%AF_%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%9F%E1%8E%B6%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B%E1%8E%A2" title="ᏅᏃᎯ ᏓᏟᎶᏍᏛᎢ – черокӣ" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏅᏃᎯ ᏓᏟᎶᏍᏛᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="черокӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AE%D8%B4%DB%95" title="نەخشە – курдии марказӣ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نەخشە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="курдии марказӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%82%C4%83" title="Географилле карттă – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Географилле карттă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map" title="Map – валлӣ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Map" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kort_(geografi)" title="Kort (geografi) – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kort (geografi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karte_(Kartografie)" title="Karte (Kartografie) – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karte (Kartografie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Χάρτης – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χάρτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map" title="Map – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Map" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapo" title="Mapo – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mapo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaart" title="Kaart – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaart" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D9%87" title="نقشه – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نقشه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartta" title="Kartta – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kartta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mape" title="Mape – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Mape" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kort" title="Kort – фарерӣ" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kort" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carte_g%C3%A9ographique" title="Carte géographique – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carte géographique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaart_(kartografy)" title="Kaart (kartografy) – фризии ғарбӣ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kaart (kartografy)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="фризии ғарбӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9arsc%C3%A1il" title="Léarscáil – ирландӣ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Léarscáil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="地圖 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="地圖" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – шотландии гэлӣ" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотландии гэлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8B" title="નકશો – гуҷаротӣ" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="નકશો" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуҷаротӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%94" title="מפה – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="मानचित्र – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानचित्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои баргузида"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljovid" title="Zemljovid – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemljovid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9rk%C3%A9p" title="Térkép – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Térkép" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%A6" title="Քարտեզ – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քարտեզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mappa" title="Mappa – Байни забонӣ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mappa" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Байни забонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta" title="Peta – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunauraq" title="Nunauraq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Nunauraq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapo" title="Mapo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mapo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landakort" title="Landakort – исландӣ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Landakort" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mappa" title="Mappa – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mappa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%B3" title="地図 – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地図" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petha" title="Petha – Ҷаванизӣ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Petha" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ҷаванизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გეოგრაფიული რუკა – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გეოგრაფიული რუკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartalar" title="Kartalar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kartalar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagertilt" title="Tagertilt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagertilt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%CC%B1si%CC%B1la" title="Ta̱si̱la – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ta̱si̱la" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Карта – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Карта" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಭೌಗೋಳಿಕ ನಕ್ಷೆ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭೌಗೋಳಿಕ ನಕ್ಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EB%8F%84" title="지도 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%DB%81%D9%95" title="نقشہٕ – кашмирӣ" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="نقشہٕ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Географиялык карталар – қирғизӣ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Географиялык карталар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қирғизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_geographica" title="Tabula geographica – лотинӣ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tabula geographica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лотинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landkaart" title="Landkaart – люксембургӣ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Landkaart" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97lapis" title="Žemėlapis – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemėlapis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karte" title="Karte – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Географска карта – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Географска карта" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൂപടം – малаяламӣ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൂപടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Газрын зураг – муғулӣ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Газрын зураг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="муғулӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9E" title="ꯃꯦꯞ – манипурӣ" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯦꯞ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипурӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="नकाशा – маратҳӣ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नकाशा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратҳӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta" title="Peta – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Peta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%95%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B6" title="မြေပုံ – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြေပုံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaorte_(cartografie)" title="Kaorte (cartografie) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kaorte (cartografie)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="नक्सा – непалӣ" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नक्सा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaart_(cartografie)" title="Kaart (cartografie) – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kaart (cartografie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kart" title="Kart – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kart" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kart" title="Kart – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kart" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaartaa" title="Kaartaa – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kaartaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਨਕਸ਼ਾ – панҷобӣ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਕਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панҷобӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%DB%81" title="نقشہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نقشہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saywiti" title="Saywiti – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Saywiti" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart%C4%83" title="Hartă – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hartă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hart%C3%A2" title="Hartâ – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hartâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Географическая карта – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Географическая карта" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Хаарта – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хаарта" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map" title="Map – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Map" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D9%88" title="نقشو – синдӣ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نقشو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1rta" title="Kárta – самии шимолӣ" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kárta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="самии шимолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karta" title="Karta – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Karta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="සිතියම් – сингалӣ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිතියම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map" title="Map – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Map" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljevid" title="Zemljevid – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zemljevid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harta" title="Harta – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Harta" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Географска карта – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Географска карта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlas" title="Atlas – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Atlas" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karta" title="Karta – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramani" title="Ramani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ramani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karta" title="Karta – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Karta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நிலப்படம் – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிலப்படம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%82" title="భౌగోళిక పటం – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భౌగోళిక పటం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88" title="แผนที่ – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แผนที่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harita" title="Harita – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Harita" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Харита – тоторӣ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Харита" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="тоторӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Географічна карта – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Географічна карта" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%DB%81" title="نقشہ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقشہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xarita" title="Xarita – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xarita" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_%C4%91%E1%BB%93" title="Bản đồ – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bản đồ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mape_(djeyografeye)" title="Mape (djeyografeye) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mape (djeyografeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapa" title="Mapa – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mapa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonkoyoon" title="Lonkoyoon – волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Lonkoyoon" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="地图 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="地图" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imephu" title="Imephu – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Imephu" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გეოგრაფიული რუკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გეოგრაფიული რუკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A2" title="מאפע – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאפע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="地图 – хитоӣ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地图" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хитоӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="地圖 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="地圖" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93-t%C3%B4%CD%98" title="Tē-tô͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tē-tô͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="地圖 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="地圖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4006#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D2%B7%D0%BE/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Рӯйхати ҳамаи саҳифаҳое, ки ба ин саҳифа пайванд доранд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Пайвандҳо ба ин саҳифа</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" rel="nofollow" title="Тағйироти охир ин саҳифаҳое, ки ин саҳифа ба онҳо пайванд дорад [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Тағйироти монандӣ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tg" title="Фиристодани аксҳо ё медиа-файлҳо [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Фиристодани парванда</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0"><span>Гирифтани URL-и кӯтоҳшуда</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Нусхаи чопии ин саҳифа [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Нусхаи чопӣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дигар лоиҳаҳо </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Map" hreflang="en"><span>Викианбор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4006" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элементи Викидода</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Зоҳир"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зоҳир</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Мавод аз Википедиа — донишномаи озод</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg/220px-Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg/330px-Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg/440px-Physical_World_Map_2004-04-01.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3715" data-file-height="2049" /></a><figcaption>Харитаи Ҷаҳон</figcaption></figure> <table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Emblem-important.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/40px-Emblem-important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/60px-Emblem-important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Emblem-important.svg/80px-Emblem-important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Ин мақола ё фасл тарҷумаи нопурра аз забони хориҷаро дорад.</b></div><div class="mbox-textsmall-div hide-when-compact" style="font-size:85%">Шумо метавонед бо пурракардани тарҷума ба лоиҳа кӯмак кунед. Агар Шумо донед, ки дар кадом забон навишта шудааст дар шаблон ишора кунед.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Харита</b> — як тасвири намодин аз сатҳи замин аст. </p><p>Имеющие общий замысел карты могут объединяться в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Географический атлас (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">атлас</a>. </p><p>Общие определения карты пространства (местности): </p><p>Харита — это построенное в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Картографическая проекция (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">картографической проекции</a>, уменьшенное, обобщенное изображение поверхности <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Земля (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Земли</a>, другого небесного тела или внеземного пространства, показывающее расположенные на ней <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Географический объект (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">объекты</a> или явления в определенной системе условных знаков. </p><p>Харита — математически определённая образно-знаковая модель действительности. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Классификатсия"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Классификатсия</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Классификатсия" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Классификатсия"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Харитаҳои <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D3%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Географӣ (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">географӣ</a> ба гурӯҳҳои зерин ҷудо мешаванд: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ба_қапидаҳои_территориалӣ"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0_.D2.9B.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0.D2.B3.D0.BE.D0.B8_.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BB.D3.A3"></span>Ба қапидаҳои территориалӣ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Ба қапидаҳои территориалӣ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ба қапидаҳои территориалӣ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харитаи дунё (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">харитаҳои дунё</a>;</li> <li>харитаҳои қитъаҳо;</li> <li>харитаҳои давлатҳо ва вилоятҳо</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Аз_рӯи_масштаб"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B7_.D1.80.D3.AF.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.88.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B1"></span>Аз рӯи <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Масштаб (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">масштаб</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Вироиши қисмат: Аз рӯи масштаб" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Аз рӯи масштаб"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>харитаҳои зерин ҳастанд: </p> <ul><li>калонмасштаба (1:10 000 — 1:200 000 ва калонтар)</li> <li>байнмасштаба (1:200 000 — 1:1 000 000)</li> <li>хурдмасштаба (хурдтар аз 1:1 000 000)</li></ul> <p>Отличные по масштабу карты имеют разную точность и детальность изображения, степень <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Генерализация карт (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">генерализации</a> и разное назначение. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Бо_таъинот"><span id=".D0.91.D0.BE_.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.8A.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.82"></span>Бо таъинот</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Вироиши қисмат: Бо таъинот" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Бо таъинот"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>научно-справочные — предназначены для выполнения научных исследований и получения максимально полной информации;</li> <li>культурно-образовательные — предназначены для популяризации знаний, идей;</li> <li>дарсӣ — используются в качестве наглядных пособий для изучения географии, истории, геологии и других дисциплин, среди них <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харитаи контури (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">харитаи контури</a>;</li></ul></li> <li>техники — отображают объекты и условия, необходимые для решения каких-либо технических заданий;</li> <li>туристӣ, сайёҳӣ — дар таркибашон: населённые пунктҳо, ориентирҳо, достопримечательности, маршруты передвижения, места отдыха, ночёвок и других услуг, в зависимости от предназначения по <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виды туризма (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">видам туризма</a>;</li> <li>навигационные (дорожные) и др.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="По_содержанию"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE_.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B6.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8E"></span>По содержанию</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Вироиши қисмат: По содержанию" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: По содержанию"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:Topographic_map_example.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Topographic_map_example.png/200px-Topographic_map_example.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Topographic_map_example.png/300px-Topographic_map_example.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Topographic_map_example.png/400px-Topographic_map_example.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Пример топографической карты</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81:AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg/200px-AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg/300px-AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg/400px-AfricaCIA-HiRes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Карта Африки</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Общегеографические (физические) карты</b> — изображают все географические явления, в том числе рельеф, гидрографию, растительно-почвенный покров, населённые пункты, хозяйственные объекты, коммуникации, границы и т. д. Общегеографические крупномасштабные карты, на которых изображены все объекты местности, называются <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Топографическая карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">топографическими</a>, среднемасштабные общегеографические карты — обзорно-топографическими, а мелкомасштабные общегеографические карты — обзорными.</li> <li><b>Тематические карты</b> — показывают расположение, взаимосвязи и динамику природных явлений, населения, экономики, социальную сферу. Их можно разделить на две группы: карты природных явлений и карты общественных явлений. <ul><li>Карты природных явлений охватывают все компоненты природной среды и их комбинации. В эту группу входят карты геологические, геофизические, карты рельефа земной поверхности и дна Мирового океана, метеорологические и климатические, океанографические, ботанические, гидрологические, почвенные, карты полезных ископаемых, карты физико-географических ландшафтов и физико-географического районирования и т. д.</li> <li>Общественно-политические карты включают карты населения, экономические, политические, исторические, социально-географические, причём каждая из подкатегорий в свою очередь может содержать собственную структуру разделения. Так, экономические карты включают также карты промышленности (как общие, так и отраслевые), сельского хозяйства, рыбной промышленности, транспорта и связи.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сохтани_харитаҳо"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BE.D1.85.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B0.D2.B3.D0.BE"></span>Сохтани харитаҳо</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Вироиши қисмат: Сохтани харитаҳо" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Сохтани харитаҳо"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Созданием картографических произведений занимается раздел <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Картография (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">картографии</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Картоведение (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">картоведение</a>. Создание карт выполняется с помощью картографических проекций — способа перехода от реальной, геометрически сложной земной поверхности к плоскости карты. Для этого сначала переходят к математически правильной фигурe <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эллипсоид (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">эллипсоида</a> или пули, а затем проектируют изображение на плоскость с помощью математических зависимостей. При этом используют различные вспомогательные поверхности: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цилиндр (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">цилиндр</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81" title="Конус">конус</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плоскость (геометрия) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">плоскость</a>. При этом, практически стандартом сейчас стало расположение <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сторона света (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">сторон света</a>: севера сверху и соответственно юга внизу, запада слева и востока справа, относительно смотрящего.<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблон:Картографическая роза ветров (Карта изображений) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Шаблон:Картографическая роза ветров (Карта изображений)</a> </p> <ul><li>Цилиндрические проекции используются для карт мира — модель Земли мысленно помещают в цилиндр и проектируют на его стенки земную поверхность. При развёртывании цилиндра образуется плоское изображение. Параллелям и меридианам в данной проекции соответствуют прямые линии, проведённые под углом. При цилиндрическом проектировании линией наименьших искажений является <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Экватор (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">экватор</a>.</li> <li>Конические проекции зачастую используются для изображения <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Евразия">Евразии</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Азия (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Азии</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80_(%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мир (Земля) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">мира</a>. Для создания данной проекции один или несколько конусов мысленно насаживаются на модель Земли и на них переносят все точки земной поверхности. Меридианами в такой проекции являются прямые линии, выходящие из одной точки (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Географические полюсы (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">полюса</a>), а параллелями — дуги концентрических кругов.</li> <li>Для изображения на картах отдельных материков и океанов используют азимутальную проекцию, при которой на плоскость проектируют поверхность материка. Точкой нулевого искажения является точка касания плоскости к земной поверхности, максимальное искажение имеют периферийные части карты. Параллели в прямых азимутальных проекциях (точка соприкосновения — полюса) изображаются концентрическими кругами, а меридианы — прямыми (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Луч (геометрия) (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">лучами</a>). В азимутальной проекции составлены карты <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктиды</a> и приполярных районов. В поперечно-азимутальной проекции (точка соприкосновения — на экваторе) составлена карта полушарий, в которой меридианам и параллелям соответствуют кривые, за исключением экватора и средних меридианов полушарий. Для изображения отдельных материков точки соприкосновения выбирают в их центре (карты <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Африка">Африки</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Австралия">Австралии</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Америка">Америки</a>). В современных условиях картографические проекции строятся также с помощью математических расчетов без вспомогательных поверхностей; их называют <i><b>условными проекциями</b></i><sup id="cite_ref-osnovy_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-osnovy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Искажения_карт"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.B6.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.82"></span>Искажения карт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Вироиши қисмат: Искажения карт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Искажения карт"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>На любых географических картах существуют искажения длин, углов, форм и площадей. Эти искажения разных видов, а их величина зависит от вида проекции, масштаба карты и охвата проектируемой территории. Обнаружить на карте искажения длин <i>вдоль меридианов</i> можно, сравнив отрезки меридианов между двумя соседними параллелями — если они находятся на одном уровне, то искажений длины нет. Об искажении расстояний <i>на параллелях</i> свидетельствует соотношение длин отрезков экватора и параллели 60°-й широты между соседними меридианами. Если искажения отсутствуют, то отрезок экватора ровно в два раза больше, чем отрезок 60°-й параллели. </p><p>О характерном для большинства карт <i>искажении углов</i> можно сделать вывод в том случае, когда параллели и меридианы не образуют между собой прямых углов. </p><p>Различить <i>искажения формы</i> можно сравнив длину и ширину какого-либо географического объекта на карте и глобусе — если соотношения форм пропорциональны, то искажения по данному критерию нет. Ещё проще различить искажения формы можно сравнив ячейки сетки на одной широте: если они одинаковы, то это свидетельствует об отсутствии искажений формы на данной географической карте. </p><p>В зависимости от назначения карт, для них подбирают такие проекции, на которых один из видов искажений может отсутствовать, или быть пренебрежимо малым. По характеру искажений картографические проекции делятся на </p> <ul><li>равновеликие — нет искажений площадей;</li> <li>равноугольные — нет искажений углов;</li> <li>произвольные — существуют все виды искажений<sup id="cite_ref-osnovy_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-osnovy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="См._также"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BC._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.B6.D0.B5"></span>См. также</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Вироиши қисмат: См. также" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: См. также"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ландшафтная карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Ландшафтная карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Топографическая карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Топографическая карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Геологическая карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Геологическая карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Картография (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Картография</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Топография (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Топография</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цифровая карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Цифровая карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электронная карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Электронная карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Морская навигационная карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Морская навигационная карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спортивная карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Спортивная карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Перевёрнутая карта (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Перевёрнутая карта</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Портулан (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Портулан</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Примечания"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.87.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Примечания</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Вироиши қисмат: Примечания" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Примечания"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблон:Примечания (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Шаблон:Примечания</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Адабиёт"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.91.D1.82"></span>Адабиёт</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Вироиши қисмат: Адабиёт" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span 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М.</a></i> Образ пространства: карта и информация. — Москва: Мысль, 1986. — 237 с.</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metkere.com/maps/">Коллекция различных карт</a> в журнале metkere.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old-maps.flexum.ru/">Старинные карты и атласы мира</a></li> <li>Брусницына Н. В. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elar.urfu.ru/handle/10995/1595">Учебно-методический комплекс дисциплины «Основы экологического картографирования»</a> / Н. В. Брусницына ; Федер. агентство по образованию, Урал. гос. донишгоҳ им. А. М. Горького. — Екатеринбург, 2008. <span class="noprint plainlinks navbar" style="white-space:nowrap;word-spacing:-.12em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:26&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблон:26 (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;" title="View this template">v</span></a></span></li></ul> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Категория:Географические карты (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">*</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Категория:Типы географических карт (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Категория:Типы географических карт</a> </p> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-osnovy-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-osnovy_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-osnovy_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elar.urfu.ru/bitstream/10995/1595/6/1335490_methodinst.pdf">Методические указания к изучению дисциплины «Основы экологического картографирования», 2008</a></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Баргирифта аз "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Харита&oldid=1346703">https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Харита&oldid=1346703</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вижа:Гурӯҳҳо">Гурӯҳҳо</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%A0%D3%AF%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Гурӯҳ:Рӯихати мақолаҳо барои тарҷума">Рӯихати мақолаҳо барои тарҷума</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%83%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Гурӯҳ:Мақолаҳои пайванддор ба Викилуғат">Мақолаҳои пайванддор ба Викилуғат</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ин саҳифаро бори охир дар 3 май 2023, 07:40 вироиш карда буданд.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Матн зери иҷозатномаи <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> дастрас мебошад, дигар иҷозатномаҳои иловагӣ низ ба кор бурда мешаванд. 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