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relationship</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: spatial relationship"> <meta name="keywords" content="spatial relationship"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="spatial relationship"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8742</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: spatial relationship</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8742</span> A Study on Spatial Morphological Cognitive Features of Lidukou Village Based on Space Syntax</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Guo">Man Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenyong%20Tan"> Wenyong Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By combining spatial syntax with data obtained from field visits, this paper interprets the internal relationship between spatial morphology and spatial cognition in Lidukou Village. By comparing the obtained data, it is recognized that the spatial integration degree of Lidukou Village is positively correlated with the spatial cognitive intention of local villagers. The part with a higher spatial cognitive degree within the village is distributed along the axis mainly composed of Shuxiang Road. And the accessibility of historical relics is weak, and there is no systematic relationship between them. Aiming at the morphological problem of Lidukou Village, optimization strategies have been proposed from multiple perspectives, such as optimizing spatial mechanisms and shaping spatial nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20villages" title="traditional villages">traditional villages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20syntax" title=" spatial syntax"> spatial syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20integration%20degree" title=" spatial integration degree"> spatial integration degree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20problem" title=" morphological problem"> morphological problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184637/a-study-on-spatial-morphological-cognitive-features-of-lidukou-village-based-on-space-syntax" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8741</span> Enhanced Analysis of Spatial Morphological Cognitive Traits in Lidukou Village through the Application of Space Syntax</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Guo">Man Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper delves into the intricate interplay between spatial morphology and spatial cognition in Lidukou Village, utilizing a combined approach of spatial syntax and field data. Through a comparative analysis of the gathered data, it emerges that the spatial integration level of Lidukou Village exhibits a direct positive correlation with the spatial cognitive preferences of its inhabitants. Specifically, the areas within the village that exhibit a higher degree of spatial cognition are predominantly distributed along the axis primarily defined by Shuxiang Road. However, the accessibility to historical relics remains limited, lacking a coherent systemic relationship. To address the morphological challenges faced by Lidukou Village, this study proposes optimization strategies that encompass diverse perspectives, including the refinement of spatial mechanisms and the shaping of strategic spatial nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20villages" title="traditional villages">traditional villages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20syntax" title=" spatial syntax"> spatial syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20integration%20degree" title=" spatial integration degree"> spatial integration degree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20problem" title=" morphological problem"> morphological problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186493/enhanced-analysis-of-spatial-morphological-cognitive-traits-in-lidukou-village-through-the-application-of-space-syntax" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186493.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8740</span> A Meta-Analysis of Handwriting and Visual-Motor Integration (VMI): The Moderating Effect of Handwriting Dimensions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Lu">Hong Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Chen"> Xin Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengcheng%20Fan"> Zhengcheng Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Prior research has claimed a close association between handwriting and mathematics attainment with the help of spatial cognition. However, the exact mechanism behind this relationship remains un-investigated. Focusing on visual-motor integration (VMI), one critical spatial skill, this meta-analysis aims to estimate the size of the handwriting- visual-motor integration relationship and examine the moderating effect of handwriting dimensions on the link. With a random effect model, a medium relation (r=.26, 95%CI [.22, .30]) between handwriting and VMI was summarized in 38 studies with 55 unique samples and 141 effect sizes. Findings suggested handwriting dimensions significantly moderated the handwriting- VMI relationship, with handwriting legibility showing a substantial correlation with VMI, but neither handwriting speed nor pressure. Identifying the essential relationship between handwriting legibility and VMI, this study adds to the literature about the key cognitive processing needs underlying handwriting, and spatial cognition thus highlights the cognitive mechanism regarding handwriting, spatial cognition, and mathematics performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title="handwriting">handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual-motor%20integration" title=" visual-motor integration"> visual-motor integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legibility" title=" legibility"> legibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150140/a-meta-analysis-of-handwriting-and-visual-motor-integration-vmi-the-moderating-effect-of-handwriting-dimensions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8739</span> Analyzing the Relationship between the Spatial Characteristics of Cultural Structure, Activities, and the Tourism Demand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deniz%20Karag%C3%B6z">Deniz Karagöz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is attempt to comprehend the relationship between the spatial characteristics of cultural structure, activities and the tourism demand in Turkey. The analysis divided into four parts. The first part consisted of a cultural structure and cultural activity (CSCA) index provided by principal component analysis. The analysis determined four distinct dimensions, namely, cultural activity/structure, accessing culture, consumption, and cultural management. The exploratory spatial data analysis employed to determine the spatial models of cultural structure and cultural activities in 81 provinces in Turkey. Global Moran I indices is used to ascertain the cultural activities and the structural clusters. Finally, the relationship between the cultural activities/cultural structure and tourism demand was analyzed. The raw/original data of the study official databases. The data on the cultural structure and activities gathered from the Turkish Statistical Institute and the data related to the tourism demand was provided by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20activities" title="cultural activities">cultural activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20structure" title=" cultural structure"> cultural structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20characteristics" title=" spatial characteristics"> spatial characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20demand" title=" tourism demand"> tourism demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48404/analyzing-the-relationship-between-the-spatial-characteristics-of-cultural-structure-activities-and-the-tourism-demand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8738</span> Spatial Data Mining by Decision Trees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihem%20Oujdi">Sihem Oujdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafida%20Belbachir"> Hafida Belbachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Existing methods of data mining cannot be applied on spatial data because they require spatial specificity consideration, as spatial relationships. This paper focuses on the classification with decision trees, which are one of the data mining techniques. We propose an extension of the C4.5 algorithm for spatial data, based on two different approaches Join materialization and Querying on the fly the different tables. Similar works have been done on these two main approaches, the first - Join materialization - favors the processing time in spite of memory space, whereas the second - Querying on the fly different tables- promotes memory space despite of the processing time. The modified C4.5 algorithm requires three entries tables: a target table, a neighbor table, and a spatial index join that contains the possible spatial relationship among the objects in the target table and those in the neighbor table. Thus, the proposed algorithms are applied to a spatial data pattern in the accidentology domain. A comparative study of our approach with other works of classification by spatial decision trees will be detailed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C4.5%20algorithm" title="C4.5 algorithm">C4.5 algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20trees" title=" decision trees"> decision trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-CART" title=" S-CART"> S-CART</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20data%20mining" title=" spatial data mining"> spatial data mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11935/spatial-data-mining-by-decision-trees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">612</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8737</span> Spatial Relationship of Drug Smuggling Based on Geographic Information System Knowledge Discovery Using Decision Tree Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Niamkaeo">S. Niamkaeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Robert"> O. Robert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Chaowalit"> O. Chaowalit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this investigation, we focus on discovering spatial relationship of drug smuggling along the northern border of Thailand. Thailand is no longer a drug production site, but Thailand is still one of the major drug trafficking hubs due to its topographic characteristics facilitating drug smuggling from neighboring countries. Our study areas cover three districts (Mae-jan, Mae-fahluang, and Mae-sai) in Chiangrai city and four districts (Chiangdao, Mae-eye, Chaiprakarn, and Wienghang) in Chiangmai city where drug smuggling of methamphetamine crystal and amphetamine occurs mostly. The data on drug smuggling incidents from 2011 to 2017 was collected from several national and local published news. Geo-spatial drug smuggling database was prepared. Decision tree algorithm was applied in order to discover the spatial relationship of factors related to drug smuggling, which was converted into rules using rule-based system. The factors including land use type, smuggling route, season and distance within 500 meters from check points were found that they were related to drug smuggling in terms of rules-based relationship. It was illustrated that drug smuggling was occurred mostly in forest area in winter. Drug smuggling exhibited was discovered mainly along topographic road where check points were not reachable. This spatial relationship of drug smuggling could support the Thai Office of Narcotics Control Board in surveillance drug smuggling. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20tree" title="decision tree">decision tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20smuggling" title=" drug smuggling"> drug smuggling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geographic%20Information%20System" title=" Geographic Information System"> Geographic Information System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS%20knowledge%20discovery" title=" GIS knowledge discovery"> GIS knowledge discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rule-based%20system" title=" rule-based system"> rule-based system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99772/spatial-relationship-of-drug-smuggling-based-on-geographic-information-system-knowledge-discovery-using-decision-tree-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8736</span> Algorithms used in Spatial Data Mining GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahid%20Bairami%20Rad">Vahid Bairami Rad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Extracting knowledge from spatial data like GIS data is important to reduce the data and extract information. Therefore, the development of new techniques and tools that support the human in transforming data into useful knowledge has been the focus of the relatively new and interdisciplinary research area ‘knowledge discovery in databases’. Thus, we introduce a set of database primitives or basic operations for spatial data mining which are sufficient to express most of the spatial data mining algorithms from the literature. This approach has several advantages. Similar to the relational standard language SQL, the use of standard primitives will speed-up the development of new data mining algorithms and will also make them more portable. We introduced a database-oriented framework for spatial data mining which is based on the concepts of neighborhood graphs and paths. A small set of basic operations on these graphs and paths were defined as database primitives for spatial data mining. Furthermore, techniques to efficiently support the database primitives by a commercial DBMS were presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20data%20base" title="spatial data base">spatial data base</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20discovery%20database" title=" knowledge discovery database"> knowledge discovery database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20relationship" title=" spatial relationship"> spatial relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20data%20mining" title=" predictive data mining"> predictive data mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29004/algorithms-used-in-spatial-data-mining-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29004.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8735</span> Analysis of Ecological Footprint of Residents for Urban Spatial Restructuring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taehyun%20Kim">Taehyun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunjoo%20Park"> Hyunjoo Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taehyun%20Kim"> Taehyun Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the rapid economic development, Korea has recently entered a period of low growth due to population decline and aging. Due to the urbanization around the metropolitan area and the hollowing of local cities, the ecological capacity of a city is decreasing while ecological footprints are increasing, requiring a compact space plan for maintaining urban functions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between urban spatial structure and residents' ecological footprints for sustainable spatial planning. To do this, we try to analyze the relationship between intra-urban spatial structure, such as net/gross density and service accessibility, and resident ecological footprints of food, housing, transportation, goods and services through survey and structural equation modeling. The results of the study will be useful in establishing an implementation plan for sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially for sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11) and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20footprint" title="ecological footprint">ecological footprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modeling" title=" structural equation modeling"> structural equation modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey" title=" survey"> survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20spatial%20structure" title=" urban spatial structure"> urban spatial structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84722/analysis-of-ecological-footprint-of-residents-for-urban-spatial-restructuring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8734</span> Assessment of the Remains in Historic Urban Area Based on Spatial Prototype: Case Study on Jingmen City, China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangtong%20Xu">Guangtong Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20He"> Yi He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Like most historic and cultural cities in China, the historic urban area of Jingmen city is facing a typical spatial problem of fragmentation and fuzzification. This study focuses on exploring a method for evaluating the existing values of historic urban area based on spatial prototype, a concept introduced into urban morphology from 'Archetype' in architectural typology. As the spatial elements and built-up relationship of historic city, spatial prototype has habitual structural characteristics and formal modulus. It is the inherent logic and order rules behind the scattered historic environment, providing a clue to understand the spatial characteristics and a basis for guiding the construction and conservation in historic urban areas. Three criteria, the resolution of historical elements, the completeness of historical structure and the renewal potential of associated land, were selected to construct the integrated assessment system. These three dimensions are linked to the spatial prototype and its constituent elements, as well as the transformation relationship in ancient and present day. The results showed that historic urban areas have changed from a holistic city to different existing types dominated by their historic structure elements. It is necessary to improve the pertinence of planning strategies and develop diversified management measures in the conservation scope of historic urban area. Moreover, a constructive-conservation strategy should be put forward to enhance the integrity of historic urban area based on the trace of spatial prototype and evaluation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructive%20conservation" title="constructive conservation">constructive conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existing%20value" title=" existing value"> existing value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic%20urban%20area" title=" historic urban area"> historic urban area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20prototype" title=" spatial prototype"> spatial prototype</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104240/assessment-of-the-remains-in-historic-urban-area-based-on-spatial-prototype-case-study-on-jingmen-city-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8733</span> Interdependencies of Culture, Economy, and Resource Availability ’ as 'Determinants of Spatial Inequality in Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahna%20K.%20C.">Shahna K. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belay%20Menon"> Belay Menon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taniya%20Joshua"> Taniya Joshua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As globalization in the era progresses, spatial inequality is turned to be one of the major concerns; the main intent of the Study is to focus on if there is any interdependencies of culture economy and resource availability on creating spatial inequality in cities. The paper tries to establish the relationship between spatial inequality – the quality of life – the DETERMINANT TRIAD (culture, economy, resource availability). Slum area of Dharavi is taken to evaluate the influence of these determinants on the quality of life as spatial inequality is evident there. Interdependencies of the determinants on creating spatial inequality is evaluated. For this, It is understood that these three parameters, i.e., culture, economy, resource availability, are determinants of urban design, each from the social, economic, environmental domains of sustainability, respectively. And there are studies individually on each of these aspects, how they determine the urban spaces, and how influential on the whole process of urbanization. Now extending the study towards the interdependencies of these three so as to find out how these trilogy shapes the urban form and space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20inequality" title="spatial inequality">spatial inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20availability" title=" resource availability"> resource availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141246/interdependencies-of-culture-economy-and-resource-availability-as-determinants-of-spatial-inequality-in-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8732</span> Old Community Spatial Integration: Discussion on the Mechanism of Aging Space System Replacement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan-I%20Chen">Wan-I Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsung-I%20Pai"> Tsung-I Pai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Future the society aging of population will create the social problem has not had the good mechanism solution in the Asian country, especially in Taiwan. In the future ten year the people in Taiwan must facing the condition which is localization aging social problem. In this situation, how to use the spatial in eco way to development space use to solve the old age spatial demand is the way which might develop in the future Taiwan society. Over the next 10 years, taking care of the aging people will become part of the social problem of aging phenomenon. The research concentrate in the feasibility of spatial substitution, secondary use of spatial might solve out of spatial problem for aging people. In order to prove the space usable, the research required to review the project with the support system and infill system for space experiment, by using network grid way. That defined community level of space elements location relationship, make new definitions of space and return to cooperation. Research to innovation in the the appraisal space causes the possibility, by spatial replacement way solution on spatial insufficient suitable condition. To evaluation community spatial by using the support system and infill system in order to see possibilities of use in replacement inner space and modular architecture into housing. The study is discovering the solution on the Eco way to develop space use to figure out the old age spatial demand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20use" title="sustainable use">sustainable use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20conversion" title=" space conversion"> space conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=replacement%E2%80%A8" title=" replacement "> replacement </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90061/old-community-spatial-integration-discussion-on-the-mechanism-of-aging-space-system-replacement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8731</span> A Review of Spatial Analysis as a Geographic Information Management Tool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chidiebere%20C.%20Agoha">Chidiebere C. Agoha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armstong%20C.%20Awuzie"> Armstong C. Awuzie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwuebuka%20N.%20Onwubuariri"> Chukwuebuka N. Onwubuariri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joy%20O.%20Njoku"> Joy O. Njoku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spatial analysis is a field of study that utilizes geographic or spatial information to understand and analyze patterns, relationships, and trends in data. It is characterized by the use of geographic or spatial information, which allows for the analysis of data in the context of its location and surroundings. It is different from non-spatial or aspatial techniques, which do not consider the geographic context and may not provide as complete of an understanding of the data. Spatial analysis is applied in a variety of fields, which includes urban planning, environmental science, geosciences, epidemiology, marketing, to gain insights and make decisions about complex spatial problems. This review paper explores definitions of spatial analysis from various sources, including examples of its application and different analysis techniques such as Buffer analysis, interpolation, and Kernel density analysis (multi-distance spatial cluster analysis). It also contrasts spatial analysis with non-spatial analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspatial%20technique" title="aspatial technique">aspatial technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20analysis" title=" buffer analysis"> buffer analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpolation" title=" interpolation"> interpolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171698/a-review-of-spatial-analysis-as-a-geographic-information-management-tool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8730</span> A Conceptual Approach for Evaluating the Urban Renewal Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muge%20Unal">Muge Unal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Cilek"> Ahmet Cilek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban identity, having a dynamic characteristic spatial and semantic aspects, is a phenomenon in an ever-changing. Urban identity formation includes not only a process of physical nature but also development and change processes that take place in the political, economic, social and cultural values, whether national and international level. Although the concept of urban transformation is basically regarded as the spatial transformation; in fact, it reveals a holistic perspective and transformation based on dialectical relationship existing between the spatial and social relationship. For this reason, urban renewal needs to address as not only spatial but also the impact of spatial transformation on social, cultural and economic. Implementation tools used in the perception of urban transformation are varied concepts such as urban renewal, urban resettlement, urban rehabilitation, urban redevelopment, and urban revitalization. The phenomenon of urban transformation begins with the Industrial Revolution. Until the 1980s, it was interpreted as reconsidering physical fossil on urban environment factor like occurring in rapid urbanization, changing in the spatial structure of the city, concentrating of the population in urban areas. However, after the 1980s, it has resided in a conceptual structure which requires to be addressed physical, economic, social, technological and integrity of information. In conclusion, urban transformation, when it enter the literature as a practice of planning, has been up to date in terms of the conceptual structure and content and also hasn’t remained behind converting itself. Urban transformation still maintains its simplest expression, while it transforms so fast converts the contents. In this study, the relationship between urban design and components of urban transformation were discussed with strategies used as a place in the historical process of urban transformation besides a general evaluation of the concept of urban renewal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20approach" title="conceptual approach">conceptual approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20identity" title=" urban identity"> urban identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20regeneration" title=" urban regeneration"> urban regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20renewal" title=" urban renewal"> urban renewal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61848/a-conceptual-approach-for-evaluating-the-urban-renewal-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8729</span> The Use of Geographically Weighted Regression for Deforestation Analysis: Case Study in Brazilian Cerrado</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Paula%20Camelo">Ana Paula Camelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keila%20Sanches"> Keila Sanches</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was proposed in geography literature to allow relationship in a regression model to vary over space. In Brazil, the agricultural exploitation of the Cerrado Biome is the main cause of deforestation. In this study, we propose a methodology using geostatistical methods to characterize the spatial dependence of deforestation in the Cerrado based on agricultural production indicators. Therefore, it was used the set of exploratory spatial data analysis tools (ESDA) and confirmatory analysis using GWR. It was made the calibration a non-spatial model, evaluation the nature of the regression curve, election of the variables by stepwise process and multicollinearity analysis. After the evaluation of the non-spatial model was processed the spatial-regression model, statistic evaluation of the intercept and verification of its effect on calibration. In an analysis of Spearman’s correlation the results between deforestation and livestock was +0.783 and with soybeans +0.405. The model presented R²=0.936 and showed a strong spatial dependence of agricultural activity of soybeans associated to maize and cotton crops. The GWR is a very effective tool presenting results closer to the reality of deforestation in the Cerrado when compared with other analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deforestation" title="deforestation">deforestation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographically%20weighted%20regression" title=" geographically weighted regression"> geographically weighted regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use" title=" land use"> land use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20analysis" title=" spatial analysis"> spatial analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85043/the-use-of-geographically-weighted-regression-for-deforestation-analysis-case-study-in-brazilian-cerrado" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8728</span> Spatial Econometric Approaches for Count Data: An Overview and New Directions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Sim%C3%B5es">Paula Simões</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Nat%C3%A1rio"> Isabel Natário</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reviews a number of theoretical aspects for implementing an explicit spatial perspective in econometrics for modelling non-continuous data, in general, and count data, in particular. It provides an overview of the several spatial econometric approaches that are available to model data that are collected with reference to location in space, from the classical spatial econometrics approaches to the recent developments on spatial econometrics to model count data, in a Bayesian hierarchical setting. Considerable attention is paid to the inferential framework, necessary for structural consistent spatial econometric count models, incorporating spatial lag autocorrelation, to the corresponding estimation and testing procedures for different assumptions, to the constrains and implications embedded in the various specifications in the literature. This review combines insights from the classical spatial econometrics literature as well as from hierarchical modeling and analysis of spatial data, in order to look for new possible directions on the processing of count data, in a spatial hierarchical Bayesian econometric context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20data%20analysis" title="spatial data analysis">spatial data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20econometrics" title=" spatial econometrics"> spatial econometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20hierarchical%20models" title=" Bayesian hierarchical models"> Bayesian hierarchical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=count%20data" title=" count data"> count data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35788/spatial-econometric-approaches-for-count-data-an-overview-and-new-directions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">593</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8727</span> Reconsidering Taylor’s Law with Chaotic Population Dynamical Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuzuru%20Mitsui">Yuzuru Mitsui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takashi%20Ikegami"> Takashi Ikegami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exponents of Taylor’s law in deterministic chaotic systems are computed, and their meanings are intensively discussed. Taylor’s law is the scaling relationship between the mean and variance (in both space and time) of population abundance, and this law is known to hold in a variety of ecological time series. The exponents found in the temporal Taylor’s law are different from those of the spatial Taylor’s law. The temporal Taylor’s law is calculated on the time series from the same locations (or the same initial states) of different temporal phases. However, with the spatial Taylor’s law, the mean and variance are calculated from the same temporal phase sampled from different places. Most previous studies were done with stochastic models, but we computed the temporal and spatial Taylor’s law in deterministic systems. The temporal Taylor’s law evaluated using the same initial state, and the spatial Taylor’s law was evaluated using the ensemble average and variance. There were two main discoveries from this work. First, it is often stated that deterministic systems tend to have the value two for Taylor’s exponent. However, most of the calculated exponents here were not two. Second, we investigated the relationships between chaotic features measured by the Lyapunov exponent, the correlation dimension, and other indexes with Taylor’s exponents. No strong correlations were found; however, there is some relationship in the same model, but with different parameter values, and we will discuss the meaning of those results at the end of this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chaos" title="chaos">chaos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20effect" title=" density effect"> density effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20dynamics" title=" population dynamics"> population dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taylor%E2%80%99s%20law" title=" Taylor’s law"> Taylor’s law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109945/reconsidering-taylors-law-with-chaotic-population-dynamical-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8726</span> Exploring the Growth Path under Coupling Relationship between Space and Economy of Mountain Village and Townlets: Case Study of Southwest China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Runlin%20Liu">Runlin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shilong%20Li"> Shilong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> China is a mountainous country, with two-thirds of its territory covered by plateaus, hills, and mountains, and nearly half of the cities and towns are distributed in mountainous areas. Compared with the environmental constraints in the development path of cities and towns in the plains, there are heterogeneities in aspects such as spatial characteristics, growth mode, and ecological protection and so on for mountain village and townlets, and the development path of mountain village and townlets has a bidirectional relationship between mountain space and economic growth. Based on classical growth theory, this article explores the two-dimensional coupling relation between space and economy in mountain village and townlets under background of rural rejuvenation. GIS technology is adopted in the study to analyze spatial trends and patterns, economical spatial differentiation characteristics of village and townlets. This powerful tool can also help differentiate and analyze limiting factors and assessment systems in the economic growth of village and townlets under spatial dimension of mountainous space. To make the research more specific, this article selects mountain village and townlets in Southwest China as the object of study; this provides good cases for analyzing parallel coupling mechanism of the duality structure system between economic growth and spatial expansion and discussing the path selection of spatial economic growth of mountain village and towns with multiple constraints. The research results can provide quantitative references for the spatial and economic development paths of mountain villages and towns, which is helpful in realizing efficient and high-quality development mode with equal emphasis on spatial and economic benefits for these type of towns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupling%20mechanism" title="coupling mechanism">coupling mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20technology" title=" geographic information technology"> geographic information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mountainous%20town" title=" mountainous town"> mountainous town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergetic%20development" title=" synergetic development"> synergetic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20economy" title=" spatial economy"> spatial economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118534/exploring-the-growth-path-under-coupling-relationship-between-space-and-economy-of-mountain-village-and-townlets-case-study-of-southwest-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8725</span> The Intersection of Masculinity and Disability in the Spatial Experience of Visually Impaired Men</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucie%20Posp%C3%AD%C5%A1ilov%C3%A1">Lucie Pospíšilová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Osman"> Robert Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Porkertov%C3%A1"> Hana Porkertová</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The scholarly literature demonstrates disability and masculinity in conflict with each other. While disability is associated with dependence, weakness, or helplessness, masculinity is associated with independence, strength, and power. Thus, disabled masculinity might be a dilemma experienced on a personal level. The relationship between masculinity and disability is also interesting from a geographical point of view because the conception of space is gendered. In our society, the skills like spatial orientation, working with the maps, and navigation technologies as same as with scale are associated with masculinity. And because these skills are related to the visual imagination, it is the blindness that is associated with the limitation or even the absence of them. Thus, the conflict of masculinity and disability in the spatial experience is very well apparent in the case of visually impaired men. To study this conflict can tell us a lot not only about the experience of visually impaired men but also about the conception of space in geography and in our society. The paper uses Henri Lefebvre's theory of space based on a triad of spatial practice, representations of space, and representational space. It answers the question: How masculinity and disability intersect in the spatial experience of visually impaired men? The data come from research conducted in Brno and Prague (Czechia) in 2020 and 2021 and include 7 interviews and 6 go-alongs with visually impaired men. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masculinity" title=" masculinity"> masculinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abstract%20space" title=" abstract space"> abstract space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20experience" title=" spatial experience"> spatial experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visually%20impaired%20men" title=" visually impaired men"> visually impaired men</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147743/the-intersection-of-masculinity-and-disability-in-the-spatial-experience-of-visually-impaired-men" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8724</span> Mapping Poverty in the Philippines: Insights from Satellite Data and Spatial Econometrics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Htet%20Khaing%20Lin">Htet Khaing Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the relationship between a diverse set of variables, encompassing both environmental and socio-economic factors, and poverty levels in the Philippines for the years 2012, 2015, and 2018. Employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Spatial Lag Models (SLM), and Spatial Error Models (SEM), this study delves into the dynamics of key indicators, including daytime and nighttime land surface temperature, cropland surface, urban land surface, rainfall, population size, normalized difference water, vegetation, and drought indices. The findings reveal consistent patterns and unexpected correlations, highlighting the need for nuanced policies that address the multifaceted challenges arising from the interplay of environmental and socio-economic factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20analysis" title="poverty analysis">poverty analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLS" title=" OLS"> OLS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20lag%20models" title=" spatial lag models"> spatial lag models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20error%20models" title=" spatial error models"> spatial error models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=google%20earth%20engine" title=" google earth engine"> google earth engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20data" title=" satellite data"> satellite data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20dynamics" title=" environmental dynamics"> environmental dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-economic%20factors" title=" socio-economic factors"> socio-economic factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179134/mapping-poverty-in-the-philippines-insights-from-satellite-data-and-spatial-econometrics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8723</span> Estimation of Missing Values in Aggregate Level Spatial Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amitha%20Puranik">Amitha Puranik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Binu"> V. S. Binu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seena%20Biju"> Seena Biju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Missing data is a common problem in spatial analysis especially at the aggregate level. Missing can either occur in covariate or in response variable or in both in a given location. Many missing data techniques are available to estimate the missing data values but not all of these methods can be applied on spatial data since the data are autocorrelated. Hence there is a need to develop a method that estimates the missing values in both response variable and covariates in spatial data by taking account of the spatial autocorrelation. The present study aims to develop a model to estimate the missing data points at the aggregate level in spatial data by accounting for (a) Spatial autocorrelation of the response variable (b) Spatial autocorrelation of covariates and (c) Correlation between covariates and the response variable. Estimating the missing values of spatial data requires a model that explicitly account for the spatial autocorrelation. The proposed model not only accounts for spatial autocorrelation but also utilizes the correlation that exists between covariates, within covariates and between a response variable and covariates. The precise estimation of the missing data points in spatial data will result in an increased precision of the estimated effects of independent variables on the response variable in spatial regression analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20regression" title="spatial regression">spatial regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=missing%20data%20estimation" title=" missing data estimation"> missing data estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20autocorrelation" title=" spatial autocorrelation"> spatial autocorrelation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20analysis" title=" simulation analysis"> simulation analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58411/estimation-of-missing-values-in-aggregate-level-spatial-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58411.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8722</span> Spatial Differentiation Patterns and Influencing Mechanism of Urban Greening in China: Based on Data of 289 Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fangzheng%20Li">Fangzheng Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiong%20Li"> Xiong Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Significant differences in urban greening have occurred in Chinese cities, which accompanied with China's rapid urbanization. However, few studies focused on the spatial differentiation of urban greening in China with large amounts of data. The spatial differentiation pattern, spatial correlation characteristics and the distribution shape of urban green space ratio, urban green coverage rate and public green area per capita were calculated and analyzed, using Global and Local Moran's I using data from 289 cities in 2014. We employed Spatial Lag Model and Spatial Error Model to assess the impacts of urbanization process on urban greening of China. Then we used Geographically Weighted Regression to estimate the spatial variations of the impacts. The results showed: 1. a significant spatial dependence and heterogeneity existed in urban greening values, and the differentiation patterns were featured by the administrative grade and the spatial agglomeration simultaneously; 2. it revealed that urbanization has a negative correlation with urban greening in Chinese cities. Among the indices, the the proportion of secondary industry, urbanization rate, population and the scale of urban land use has significant negative correlation with the urban greening of China. Automobile density and per capita Gross Domestic Product has no significant impact. The results of GWR modeling showed that the relationship between urbanization and urban greening was not constant in space. Further, the local parameter estimates suggested significant spatial variation in the impacts of various urbanization factors on urban greening. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China%E2%80%99s%20urbanization" title="China’s urbanization">China’s urbanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographically%20weighted%20regression" title=" geographically weighted regression"> geographically weighted regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20differentiation%20pattern" title=" spatial differentiation pattern"> spatial differentiation pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20greening" title=" urban greening"> urban greening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67935/spatial-differentiation-patterns-and-influencing-mechanism-of-urban-greening-in-china-based-on-data-of-289-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8721</span> Exploring the Spatial Relationship between Built Environment and Ride-hailing Demand: Applying Street-Level Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingjue%20Bao">Jingjue Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%20Li"> Ye Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yujie%20Qi"> Yujie Qi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The explosive growth of ride-hailing has reshaped residents' travel behavior and plays a crucial role in urban mobility within the built environment. Contributing to the research of the spatial variation of ride-hailing demand and its relationship to the built environment and socioeconomic factors, this study utilizes multi-source data from Haikou, China, to construct a Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression model (MGWR), considering spatial scale heterogeneity. The regression results showed that MGWR model was demonstrated superior interpretability and reliability with an improvement of 3.4% on R2 and from 4853 to 4787 on AIC, compared with Geographically Weighted Regression model (GWR). Furthermore, to precisely identify the surrounding environment of sampling point, DeepLabv3+ model is employed to segment street-level images. Features extracted from these images are incorporated as variables in the regression model, further enhancing its rationality and accuracy by 7.78% improvement on R2 compared with the MGWR model only considered region-level variables. By integrating multi-scale geospatial data and utilizing advanced computer vision techniques, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the spatial dynamics between ride-hailing demand and the urban built environment. The insights gained from this research are expected to contribute significantly to urban transportation planning and policy making, as well as ride-hailing platforms, facilitating the development of more efficient and effective mobility solutions in modern cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20behavior" title="travel behavior">travel behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ride-hailing" title=" ride-hailing"> ride-hailing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20relationship" title=" spatial relationship"> spatial relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built%20environment" title=" built environment"> built environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street-level%20image" title=" street-level image"> street-level image</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174593/exploring-the-spatial-relationship-between-built-environment-and-ride-hailing-demand-applying-street-level-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8720</span> The Influence of 3D Printing Course on Middle School Students' Spatial Thinking Ability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Xingjuan">Wang Xingjuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Dongming"> Qian Dongming</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a common thinking ability, spatial thinking ability plays an increasingly important role in the information age. The key to cultivating students' spatial thinking ability is to cultivate students' ability to process and transform graphics. The 3D printing course enables students to constantly touch the rotation and movement of objects during the modeling process and to understand spatial graphics from different views. To this end, this article combines the classic PSVT: R test to explore the impact of 3D printing courses on the spatial thinking ability of middle school students. The results of the study found that: (1) Through the study of the 3D printing course, the students' spatial ability test scores have been significantly improved, which indirectly reflects the improvement of the spatial thinking ability level. (2) The student's spatial thinking ability test results are influenced by the parent's occupation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20school%20students" title=" middle school students"> middle school students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20thinking%20ability" title=" spatial thinking ability"> spatial thinking ability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence" title=" influence"> influence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109150/the-influence-of-3d-printing-course-on-middle-school-students-spatial-thinking-ability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8719</span> Chromosomes Are Present in a Fixed Region on the Equatorial Plate Within the Interphase of Cell Division</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunxiao%20Wu">Chunxiao Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongyun%20Jiang"> Dongyun Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Jiang"> Tao Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luxia%20Xu"> Luxia Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Xu"> Qian Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Zhao"> Meng Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Zhu"> Qin Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhigang%20Guo"> Zhigang Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinlan%20Pan"> Jinlan Pan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suning%20Chen"> Suning Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stability and evolution of human genetics depends on chromosomes (and chromosome-chromosome interactions). We wish to understand the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells in order to understand the relationship between chromosome-chromosome interactions and to further investigate the role of chromosomes and their impact on cell biological behavior. In this study, we explored the relative spatial positional relationships of chromosomes [t (9;22) and t (15;17)] in B-ALL cells by using the three-dimensions DNA in situ fluorescent hybridization (3D-FISH) method. The results showed that chromosomes [t (9;22) and t (15;17)] showed relatively stable spatial relationships. The relative stability of the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells may be relevant to disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome" title="chromosome">chromosome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20genetics" title=" human genetics"> human genetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20territory" title=" chromosome territory"> chromosome territory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D-FISH" title=" 3D-FISH"> 3D-FISH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188219/chromosomes-are-present-in-a-fixed-region-on-the-equatorial-plate-within-the-interphase-of-cell-division" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8718</span> A Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Women’s Mental Health and Walkability Index in Mashhad City, Iran, and Recommendations to Improve It</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Rahim%20Rahnama">Mohammad Rahim Rahnama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lia%20Shaddel"> Lia Shaddel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, along with the development of urbanism, its negative consequences on the health of citizens are emerging. Mental disorders are common in the big cities, while mental health enables individuals to become active citizens. Meanwhile, women have a larger share of mental problems. Depression and anxiety disorders have a higher prevalence rate among women and these disorders affect the health of future generations, too. Therefore, improving women’s mental health through the potentials offered by urban spaces are of paramount importance. The present study aims to first, evaluate the spatial autocorrelation of women’s mental health and walkable spaces and then present solutions, based on the findings, to improve the walkability index. To determine the spatial distribution of women’s mental health in Mashhad, Moran's I was used and 1000 questionnaire were handed out in various sub-districts of Mashhad. Moran's I was calculated to be 0.18 which indicates a cluster distribution pattern. The walkability index was calculated using the four variables pertaining to the length of walkable routes, mixed land use, retail floor area ratio, and household density. To determine spatial autocorrelation of mental health and the walkability index, bivariate Moran’s I was calculated. Moran's I was determined to be 0.37 which shows a direct spatial relationship between variables; 4 clusters in 9 sub-districts of Mashhad were created. In High-Low cluster, there was a negative spatial relationship and hence, to identify factors affecting walkability in urban spaces semi-structures interviews were conducted with 21 women in this cluster. The findings revealed that security is the major factor influencing women’s walking behavior in this cluster. In accordance with the findings, some suggestions are offered to improve the presence of women in this sub-district. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20autocorrelation" title=" spatial autocorrelation"> spatial autocorrelation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%E2%80%99s%20mental%20health" title=" women’s mental health"> women’s mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walkability%20index" title=" walkability index"> walkability index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103060/a-spatial-autocorrelation-analysis-of-womens-mental-health-and-walkability-index-in-mashhad-city-iran-and-recommendations-to-improve-it" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8717</span> Spatial Scale of Clustering of Residential Burglary and Its Dependence on Temporal Scale</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20A.%20Alazawi">Mohammed A. Alazawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiguo%20Jiang"> Shiguo Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20F.%20Messner"> Steven F. Messner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research has long focused on two main spatial aspects of crime: spatial patterns and spatial processes. When analyzing these patterns and processes, a key issue has been to determine the proper spatial scale. In addition, it is important to consider the possibility that these patterns and processes might differ appreciably for different temporal scales and might vary across geographic units of analysis. We examine the spatial-temporal dependence of residential burglary. This dependence is tested at varying geographical scales and temporal aggregations. The analyses are based on recorded incidents of crime in Columbus, Ohio during the 1994-2002 period. We implement point pattern analysis on the crime points using Ripley’s K function. The results indicate that spatial point patterns of residential burglary reveal spatial scales of clustering relatively larger than the average size of census tracts of the study area. Also, spatial scale is independent of temporal scale. The results of our analyses concerning the geographic scale of spatial patterns and processes can inform the development of effective policies for crime control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhomogeneous%20K%20function" title="inhomogeneous K function">inhomogeneous K function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20burglary" title=" residential burglary"> residential burglary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20point%20pattern" title=" spatial point pattern"> spatial point pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20scale" title=" spatial scale"> spatial scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20scale" title=" temporal scale"> temporal scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92371/spatial-scale-of-clustering-of-residential-burglary-and-its-dependence-on-temporal-scale" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8716</span> Comparative Spatial Analysis of a Re-Arranged Hospital Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20K%C3%B6ken">Burak Köken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatice%20D.%20Arslan"> Hatice D. Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilgehan%20Y.%20%C3%87akmak"> Bilgehan Y. Çakmak </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analyzing the relation networks between the hospital buildings which have complex structure and distinctive spatial relationships is quite difficult. The hospital buildings which require specialty in spatial relationship solutions during design and self-innovation through the developing technology should survive and keep giving service even after the disasters such as earthquakes. In this study, a hospital building where the load-bearing system was strengthened because of the insufficient earthquake performance and the construction of an additional building was required to meet the increasing need for space was discussed and a comparative spatial evaluation of the hospital building was made with regard to its status before the change and after the change. For this reason, spatial organizations of the building before change and after the change were analyzed by means of Space Syntax method and the effects of the change on space organization parameters were searched by applying an analytical procedure. Using Depthmap UCL software, connectivity, visual mean depth, beta and visual integration analyses were conducted. Based on the data obtained after the analyses, it was seen that the relationships between spaces of the building increased after the change and the building has become more explicit and understandable for the occupants. Furthermore, it was determined according to findings of the analysis that the increase in depth causes difficulty in perceiving the spaces and the changes considering this problem generally ease spatial use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20building" title=" hospital building"> hospital building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20syntax" title=" space syntax"> space syntax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33828/comparative-spatial-analysis-of-a-re-arranged-hospital-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8715</span> Renewed Urban Waterfront: Spatial Conditions of a Contemporary Urban Space Typology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beate%20Niemann">Beate Niemann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabian%20Pramel"> Fabian Pramel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The formerly industrially or militarily used Urban Waterfront is a potential area for urban development. Extensive interventions in the urban space come along with the development of these previously inaccessible areas in the city. The development of the Urban Waterfront in the European City is not subject to any recognizable urban paradigm. In this study, the development of the Urban Waterfront as a new urban space typology is analyzed by case studies of Urban Waterfront developments in European Cities. For humans, perceptible spatial conditions are categorized and it is identified whether the themed Urban Waterfront Developments are congruent or incongruent urban design interventions and which deviations the Urban Waterfront itself induce. As congruent urban design, a design is understood, which fits in the urban fabric regarding its similar spatial conditions to the surrounding. Incongruent urban design, however, shows significantly different conditions in its shape. Finally, the spatial relationship of the themed Urban Waterfront developments and their associated environment are compared in order to identify contrasts between new and old urban space. In this way, conclusions about urban design paradigms of the new urban space typology are tried to be drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composition" title="composition">composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congruence" title=" congruence"> congruence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paradigm" title=" paradigm"> paradigm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20condition" title=" spatial condition"> spatial condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20development" title=" urban development"> urban development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20waterfront" title=" urban waterfront"> urban waterfront</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58261/renewed-urban-waterfront-spatial-conditions-of-a-contemporary-urban-space-typology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8714</span> Assessing Effectiveness of Manager-Subordinate Relationships at Workplace</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anant%20Sagar">Anant Sagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manisha%20Rana"> Manisha Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surabhi%20Singhal"> Surabhi Singhal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at analysing the effectiveness of manager-subordinate relationship and the different factors contributing to its effectiveness in a mid-sized IT organization. To define effectiveness in context of a manager-subordinate relationship, a model was framed which analyses personal and professional need fulfilment of subordinates. On basis of this need satisfaction based effectiveness model, relationships are categorized into four types anchored on two scales; Personal Need Satisfaction and Professional Need Satisfaction. These spatial effectiveness scores of a managerial relationship are further mapped with the relationship style of the manager to identify relationship styles which are associated with different effectiveness levels. The relationship style is analysed by using Impact Message Inventory-Circumplex (IMI-C). The results show that managerial relationship’s effectiveness is contingent on manager’s affiliation scores, subordinate’s previous work experience and the ability of managers to influence the personal and professional needs of employees through organizational policies. The findings reflect that effectiveness of manager-subordinate relationship increased in a friendly workplace where managers were adequately empowered to acknowledge employee needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationship%20effectiveness" title="relationship effectiveness">relationship effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=need%20fulfilment" title=" need fulfilment"> need fulfilment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20style" title=" managerial style"> managerial style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20message%20inventory-circumplex" title=" impact message inventory-circumplex"> impact message inventory-circumplex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4397/assessing-effectiveness-of-manager-subordinate-relationships-at-workplace" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8713</span> Research on the Development and Space Optimization of Rental-Type Public Housing in Hangzhou</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuran%20Zhang">Xuran Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huiru%20Chen"> Huiru Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, China has made great efforts to cultivate and develop the housing rental market, especially the rental-type public housing, which has been paid attention to by all sectors of the society. This paper takes Hangzhou rental-type public housing as the research object, and divides it into three development stages according to the different supply modes of rental-type public housing. Through data collection and field research, the paper summarizes the spatial characteristics of rental-type public housing from the five perspectives of spatial planning, spatial layout, spatial integration, spatial organization and spatial configuration. On this basis, the paper proposes the optimization of the spatial layout. The study concludes that the spatial layout of rental-type public housing should be coordinated with the development of urban planning. When planning and constructing, it is necessary to select more mixed construction modes, to be properly centralized, and to improve the surrounding transportation service facilities.  It is hoped that the recommendations in this paper will provide a reference for the further development of rental-type public housing in Hangzhou. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rental-type%20public%20housing" title=" rental-type public housing"> rental-type public housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20distribution" title=" spatial distribution"> spatial distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20optimization" title=" spatial optimization"> spatial optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93082/research-on-the-development-and-space-optimization-of-rental-type-public-housing-in-hangzhou" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20relationship&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20relationship&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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