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class="glossaryList" role="tablist" id="glossaryList" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTermSet"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">a</h3></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/accelerometer/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Accelerometer</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">accelerometer</span> is used to determine the position and orientation of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> during flight. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">accelerometer</span> is used to provide the acceleration force the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> is subjected to in all three axes, X, Y, and Z. It also determines the tilt angle of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> in a stationary position. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">accelerometer</span> also gives linear acceleration in the horizontal and vertical directions. This data can be used to calculate the velocity, movement, and even rate of change of altitude of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/acoustic/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Acoustic</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Acoustic</span> counter-UAS sensors are passive and use high-sensitivity microphone arrays coupled with audio analysis applications to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">track</span> and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span> sounds produced by <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> motors and propellers. The spinning of different types of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> propellers produce unique <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> patterns, which makes it possible to create a library of these <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> signatures to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span> different types of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and determine the general direction of the sound source. The approximate <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> can be determined using triangulation methods with multiple spatially separated microphone stations. By analyzing the Doppler-induced frequency shift of the source signal over a period of time, some <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> may be able to report the approximate speed and direction of the sound source. High levels of sound pollution, like those in urban environments, can degrade the performance of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> that rely on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> sensors. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Acoustic</span> sensors are ideally employed to “quiet” remote locations such as rural prisons or for border protection applications. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/acro-mode/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Acro-Mode</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Acro-Mode</span> is an "acrobatic" flight control mode for experienced <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> pilots who want full control over the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, also known as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">manual mode</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Acro-Mode</span> disables self-leveling controls, allowing for advanced aerial maneuvers such as flips and rolls. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Tech Aerospace</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/active-air-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air Defense</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air Defense</span> includes defensive measures designed to destroy attacking aircraft and aerodynamic missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack. It includes the use of aircraft, SAMs, antiaircraft artillery, electromagnetic warfare (EW) (including directed energy), multiple sensors, and other available weapons or capabilities. Reference- Counterair Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/active-air-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">AD</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air Defense</span> includes defensive measures designed to destroy attacking aircraft and aerodynamic missiles or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack. It includes the use of aircraft, SAMs, antiaircraft artillery, electromagnetic warfare (EW) (including directed energy), multiple sensors, and other available weapons or capabilities. Reference- Counterair Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/active-defense-measures/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Active defense measures</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Active defense measures</span> are a multi-step sequence that an organization or individual can do to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span>, decide, and potentially engage an unknown <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. The quicker these steps can be applied, the more effective the response against the threat of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Reference- Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ATP 3-01.81)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/active-drone-detection/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Active Drone Detection</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Active <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span></span> involves emitting signals to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> the presence of drones. Systems transmit radio waves or light pulses, which reflect off objects and return to the sensor, providing information about the object's <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> and movement. Examples of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">active <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span></span> methods: Radars emit radio waves that bounce off objects and return to the sensor, providing information about the objects' <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> and movement. LiDARs emit light pulses that reflect off objects and return to the sensor, providing information about the objects' <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> and movement. </dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/aerodrome/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Aerodrome</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">aerodrome</span> is a defined area, on land or on water, on a fixed, fixed offshore, or floating structure, including any buildings, installations, and equipment thereon, intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of aircraft. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/agl/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Above Ground Level (AGL)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Above Ground Level, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>AGL</span>, describes the literal height above the ground over which you are flying. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Pilot Ground School</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/agl/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">AGL</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Above Ground Level, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>AGL</span>, describes the literal height above the ground over which you are flying. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Pilot Ground School</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-and-missile-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air and Missile Defense</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>AMD</span>) are direct (active and passive) defensive actions taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">ballistic missile</span> threats against friendly forces and assets. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations  </dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-and-missile-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">AMD</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>AMD</span>) are direct (active and passive) defensive actions taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">ballistic missile</span> threats against friendly forces and assets. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations  </dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-defense-artillery/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air Defense Artillery</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air Defense</span> Artillery</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ADA</span>) are weapons and equipment for actively combating air targets from the ground. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-defense-artillery/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ADA</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air Defense</span> Artillery</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ADA</span>) are weapons and equipment for actively combating air targets from the ground. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-interdiction/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air Interdiction</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air interdiction</span> is defined as air operations to perform interdiction conducted at such distances from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required. Reference- ATP 3-01.81 Counter-Unmanned Aircraft Systems</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-navigation-service-provider/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air Navigation Service Provider</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air navigation service provider</span> is any public or private entity providing air navigation services for general air traffic. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-navigation-service-provider/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ANSP</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air navigation service provider</span> is any public or private entity providing air navigation services for general air traffic. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-traffic-control/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Air Traffic Control</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air traffic control</span> is a service provided for a) preventing collisions between aircraft and in the maneuvering area between aircraft and obstructions and b) expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/air-traffic-control/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ATC</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air traffic control</span> is a service provided for a) preventing collisions between aircraft and in the maneuvering area between aircraft and obstructions and b) expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of air traffic. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/airport/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Airport</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airport</span> is any land area specifically adapted for the landing, taking-off and maneuvering of aircraft, including the ancillary installations which these operations may involve for the requirements of aircraft traffic and services, including the installations needed to assist commercial air services. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/airport-environment/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Airport Environment</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airport</span> environment</span> are the conditions in which the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airport</span> activities operate. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airport</span> environment</span> refers to the areas inside the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airport</span> perimeter. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA  </dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/airprox/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Airprox</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airprox</span> is a situation in which, in the opinion of a pilot or air traffic services personnel, the distance between aircraft and their relative positions and speeds has been such that the safety of the aircraft involved may have been compromised. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/airspace-control-authority/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Airspace Control Authority</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Airspace Control Authority</span> is the commander or leader designated to assume overall responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the airspace control area. (JP 3-52) Reference- Airspace Control</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/airspace-control-plan/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Airspace Control Plan</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">airspace control plan</span> is a military term for the document approved by the joint force commander that provides specific planning guidance and procedures for the airspace control system for the joint operational area. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/assess/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Assess</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Assess</span> in the context of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air and missile defense</span> engagement sequence is the analysis of the effectiveness of the engagement and of the potential for reengagements. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/atti-mode/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Atti-Mode</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Atti-Mode</span> (attitude-mode) is a DJI flight control mode that allows the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> pilot to control the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>'s pitch and roll while the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> flight controller maintains its altitude and heading. This mode is often used for aerial photography and cinematography. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Tech Aerospace</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/autonomous-flight/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Autonomous Flight</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Autonomous flight</span> is a navigation method in which the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> is self-controlled by an internal navigation system using the built-in <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span>, or machine vision for obstacle avoidance, machine vision, and inertial navigation. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Tech Aerospace</dfn></li><li class=" ln-0" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/aviation-security/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Aviation Security</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Aviation security</span> is the combination of measures and human and material resources intended to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference that jeopardize its security. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">b</h3></li><li class=" ln-1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/ballistic-missile/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Ballistic Missile</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">ballistic missile</span> is any missile that does not rely upon aerodynamic surfaces to produce lift and consequently follows a ballistic trajectory when thrust is terminated. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/barometer/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Barometer</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">barometer</span> is a sensor that measures air pressure. Drones use the air pressure data to calculate their altitude. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class=" ln-1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/beyond-visual-line-of-sight-bvlos/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The U.S. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Federal Aviation Administration (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FAA</span>)</span> defines <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">beyond visual line of sight (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>BVLOS</span>)</span> as a broad spread of existing and potential <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">uncrewed aircraft system (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>)</span> operations whose only common factor is the uncrewed aircraft (UA) being out of the direct visual line of sight of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remote pilot</span>. Reference- SKYbrary</dfn></li><li class=" ln-1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/beyond-visual-line-of-sight-bvlos/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">BVLOS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The U.S. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Federal Aviation Administration (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FAA</span>)</span> defines <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">beyond visual line of sight (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>BVLOS</span>)</span> as a broad spread of existing and potential <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">uncrewed aircraft system (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>)</span> operations whose only common factor is the uncrewed aircraft (UA) being out of the direct visual line of sight of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remote pilot</span>. Reference- SKYbrary</dfn></li><li class=" ln-1" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/blue-team/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Blue Team</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The objective of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Blue Team</span> or a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Blue Team</span> Operation is to defend the asset of interest or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Team</span> attacks using all available technology, processes, and systems as stated within the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Rules of Engagement</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RoE</span>), Security Operations (SecOps), Concept of Operations (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">CONOPS</span>), and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">c</h3></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/c-uas-protection-cycle/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">C-UAS Protection Cycle</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Protection Cycle</span> are the basic concepts that support organizations in developing the minimum viable security needs which will give their asset or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> an adequate level of protection. All four phases of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Protection Cycle</span> contribute to the overall <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Strategy that will govern an asset or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> protection. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Protection cycle</span> & strategy (Image Credit: Project Stadia)   Protection Phase 1: focuses on developing the processes that will be used to manage and respond to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> threats. Protection Phase 2: examines the various <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technologies that are available to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigate</span> these risks. Protection Phase 3: tests the operational procedures and deployed <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technologies through Red Teaming adversarial testing to ensure all operational procedures (phase 1) and implemented <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technology (phase 2) are effective as an overall defense of an asset or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span>. Protection Phase 4: highlights tactical responses and processes training needs identified (from Phases 1-3), ensuring that those responsible for security are fully equipped and confident to handle any <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> threat. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/c-uas-technology-assessment/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">C-UAS Technology Assessment</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Technology Assessment</span> is the process of identifying counter-UAS requirements and equipment based on the organization's <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">threat assessment</span>, operating procedures, and response plans. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/c-uas-technology-operators/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">C-UAS Technology Operators</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Technology Operators</span> use the counter-UAS technology deployed over the asset to defend against <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> threats. These operators follow organizational policies, procedures, and training to use the designated equipment and its capabilities. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/careful-uas-operator/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Careful UAS Operator</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Careful <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> Operator</span></span> is someone that is aware of and adheres to, regulations, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> control measures, and safe <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> operations. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/careless-uas-operator/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Careless UAS Operator</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Careless <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> Operator</span></span> may be aware of but may not adhere to regulations and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> control measures and whose intentions are deemed to be reckless. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/classification/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Classification</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Classification</span> characterizes a detected object by its type, model, variant, nationality, and other distinguishing features or attributes. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/classify/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Classify</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Classification</span> (or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span>) is the assignment by the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technology (either autonomously or by an operator) of a potential target <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> to a high-level category such as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> type, group, manufacturer and/or specific communication protocol. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/clueless-uas-operator/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Clueless UAS Operator</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Clueless <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> Operators are <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> operators who are unaware of and do not adhere to regulations, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> control measures, or safe <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> operations but whose intentions are deemed non-malicious. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/collision-drone/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Collision Drone</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">collision <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span></span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> designed to collide with an adversary <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>. The objective is to disrupt, disable or destroy the adversary <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>. Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/command-and-control-c2/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Command and Control (C2)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Command and Control (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C2</span>)</span> is a hardware and software subsystem that permits transmittal of instructions from the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> to the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, which generally leads to changes in the operation of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/command-and-control-c2/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">C2</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Command and Control (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C2</span>)</span> is a hardware and software subsystem that permits transmittal of instructions from the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> to the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, which generally leads to changes in the operation of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/concept-of-operation-conops/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Concept of Operation (CONOPS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Concept of Operations (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">CONOPS</span>) is the procedure that determines a particular operation's objectives. It is crucial to have a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">CONOPS</span> in place to determine the goals and objectives of the operations as well as a clear set of guidelines. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/concept-of-operation-conops/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">CONOPS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Concept of Operations (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">CONOPS</span>) is the procedure that determines a particular operation's objectives. It is crucial to have a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">CONOPS</span> in place to determine the goals and objectives of the operations as well as a clear set of guidelines. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/controlled-airspace/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Controlled Airspace</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Controlled airspace</span> is an airspace of defined dimensions within which <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air traffic control</span> service is provided in accordance with the airspace <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classification</span>. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/counter-uas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Counter-UAS (C-UAS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Counter-UAS is the deployment and use of logical, legally authorized technologies, tactics, techniques, and procedures to provide airspace awareness and protection to critical infrastructure, assets, and mass gatherings.  Reference- What is Counter-UAS?</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/counter-uas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">C-UAS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Counter-UAS is the deployment and use of logical, legally authorized technologies, tactics, techniques, and procedures to provide airspace awareness and protection to critical infrastructure, assets, and mass gatherings.  Reference- What is Counter-UAS?</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/criminal-uas-operator/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Criminal UAS Operator</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Criminal <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> Operator</span></span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> operator</span> who may be aware of, but does not adhere to, regulations and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> control measures and whose intentions are deemed hostile. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/critical-infrastructure-ci/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Critical Infrastructure (CI)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Critical Infrastructure (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>CI</span>)</span> are those assets, systems, and networks that provide functions necessary for our way of life. In the United States, 16 critical infrastructure sectors are part of a complex, interconnected ecosystem and any threat to these sectors could have potentially debilitating national security, economic, and public health or safety consequences. Reference- CISA Critical Infrastructure Sectors</dfn></li><li class=" ln-2" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/critical-infrastructure-ci/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">CI</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Critical Infrastructure (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>CI</span>)</span> are those assets, systems, and networks that provide functions necessary for our way of life. In the United States, 16 critical infrastructure sectors are part of a complex, interconnected ecosystem and any threat to these sectors could have potentially debilitating national security, economic, and public health or safety consequences. Reference- CISA Critical Infrastructure Sectors</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">d</h3></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/dazzling/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Dazzling</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Dazzling</span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique where a high-intensity light beam or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">laser</span> is used to "blind" the camera on a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>. Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detect/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detect</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> is a declaration that a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> is in the presence of a sensor. Some systems, depending on how thresholds are configured, may report any object in its view as a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> (i.e., birds, commercial planes, etc.), or they may attempt to only alert the operator of objects deemed to be considered <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, based on system capabilities and configuration. Sensors can include <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> cameras, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> sensors, radars, and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radio frequency (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span>)</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> sensors. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detect-and-avoid/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detect and Avoid</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect and Avoid</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DAA</span>) refers to the capability to see, sense, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> conflicting traffic or other hazards and take the appropriate action. Reference- Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)- A Common Framework with Core Principles for Global Harmonization</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detect-and-avoid/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">DAA</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect and Avoid</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DAA</span>) refers to the capability to see, sense, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> conflicting traffic or other hazards and take the appropriate action. Reference- Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)- A Common Framework with Core Principles for Global Harmonization</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detect-track-and-identify-dti/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detect, Track and Identify (DTI)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DTI</span> is an abbreviation for the combined phrases of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Track</span>, and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identify</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect</span> is the ability to sense and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span> the presence of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Track</span> is the ability to determine the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> position and movement over time. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identify</span> is the ability to determine the size and type (fixed wing, multirotor) of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Reference- Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detect-track-and-identify-dti/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">DTI</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DTI</span> is an abbreviation for the combined phrases of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Track</span>, and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identify</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect</span> is the ability to sense and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span> the presence of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Track</span> is the ability to determine the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> position and movement over time. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identify</span> is the ability to determine the size and type (fixed wing, multirotor) of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Reference- Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detection-range-acoustic-sensor/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detection Range- Acoustic Sensor</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> range is the reported straight-line distance that an <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">acoustic</span> signature should be able to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. This parameter may often represent ideal conditions (e.g., a very loud <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> operating in a very quiet environment). Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detection-range-eo-ir-camera/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detection Range- EO/IR Camera</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> range for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> cameras is the reported distance that an <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> camera is capable of reporting a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> to the operator of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. It can also be interpreted as the distance at which the operator can reasonably discern a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> from other unidentified flying objects or the furthest distance that integrated video analytics software can <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span> an object as a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detection-range-radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detection Range- Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detection</span> range for radars describes the straight line distance at which a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> system can <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. This specification is often provided in meters, kilometers, or miles. The material, size, and type of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> can cause this distance to vary even under similar environmental conditions. Manufacturer specifications for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> range are usually under ideal circumstances. They should be verified with real-world testing to ensure they meet agency requirements. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/detection-range-rf-sensor/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Detection Range- RF Sensor</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Many factors affect <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> sensor <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> range. These include terrain, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOS</span> to the target or lack of it, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> interference environment, and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> reflecting surfaces (e.g., buildings creating multipath). Because of these complications, vendors usually specify <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> range as a measure of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> distance under ideal conditions. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/directed-energy-weapons-dew/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Directed Energy Weapons (DEW)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Directed energy weapons (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DEW</span>)—such as lasers—use energy fired at the speed of light. These weapons can produce a force that ranges from deterrent to damaging to destructive. Many countries, including the U.S., are researching their use. Because they use energy instead of bullets or missiles, directed energy weapons could be less expensive per shot and have virtually unlimited firing power. However, the long-term health effects of these weapons are unclear. They also generally have a shorter range than conventional weapons, and weather conditions—such as fog and storms—can make certain directed energy weapons less effective. Reference- Government Accountability Office</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/directed-energy-weapons-dew/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">DEW</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Directed energy weapons (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>DEW</span>)—such as lasers—use energy fired at the speed of light. These weapons can produce a force that ranges from deterrent to damaging to destructive. Many countries, including the U.S., are researching their use. Because they use energy instead of bullets or missiles, directed energy weapons could be less expensive per shot and have virtually unlimited firing power. However, the long-term health effects of these weapons are unclear. They also generally have a shorter range than conventional weapons, and weather conditions—such as fog and storms—can make certain directed energy weapons less effective. Reference- Government Accountability Office</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/direction-finding/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Direction Finding (RF)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Most single-site <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> direction-finding sensors are capable of determining the approximate direction from which the target signal was received. This is specified in azimuth degrees referenced to true north. The accuracy of this indication is also specified in degrees as a window. For example, ±5 degrees accuracy means that the target source can be anywhere in the specified direction ±5 degrees. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/drone-incident/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Drone Incident</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In the context of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management Manual for Aerodromes, the sighting of a suspected <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> becomes a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> incident</span>, when the verified <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> has no clearance and has moved into or is present inside the flight-restricted zone (possibly declared as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> geographical zone) and is therefore located in one of the “threat zones” at or around the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">aerodrome</span> for which the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> is not authorized. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-3" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/drone-operator/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Drone Operator</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> operator</span> is also known as a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> operator</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remote pilot</span>. A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> operator</span> is someone operating or intending to operate one or more drones. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">e</h3></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/electro-optical-infrared/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Electro-Optical/Infrared (EO/IR)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensors are digital video cameras that collect environmental information in the visible and infrared light spectrum. This generally incorporates electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 400 nanometers and 1 millimeter. IR sensors can be tuned to look specifically at short-wavelength IR, mid-wavelength IR, long-wavelength IR or a combination of the above. When <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensors are placed on a rotating gimbal and paired with analysis software, these systems are capable of providing wide-area coverage by acquiring and processing real-time full panoramic images. Furthermore, some of these systems are capable of automatically detecting and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">tracking</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> targets when paired with the appropriate analysis software. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/electro-optical-infrared/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">EO/IR</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensors are digital video cameras that collect environmental information in the visible and infrared light spectrum. This generally incorporates electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 400 nanometers and 1 millimeter. IR sensors can be tuned to look specifically at short-wavelength IR, mid-wavelength IR, long-wavelength IR or a combination of the above. When <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensors are placed on a rotating gimbal and paired with analysis software, these systems are capable of providing wide-area coverage by acquiring and processing real-time full panoramic images. Furthermore, some of these systems are capable of automatically detecting and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">tracking</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> targets when paired with the appropriate analysis software. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/electronic-surveillance-measures-esm/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Electronic Surveillance Measures (ESM)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Electronic Surveillance Measures is a technology method that uses <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> receivers to passively listen and process radio signals of interest within its range. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ESM</span> systems are receive-only and do not transmit out. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/electronic-surveillance-measures-esm/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ESM</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Electronic Surveillance Measures is a technology method that uses <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> receivers to passively listen and process radio signals of interest within its range. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ESM</span> systems are receive-only and do not transmit out. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/emergency-response-plan/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Emergency Response Plan</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Emergency Response Plan</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ERP</span>) will detail how and who will be active and in what roles during an incident over an asset, event, or public space. This document should detail the key stakeholders involved, when, and, most particularly, how each engages by clearly stating the roles and responsibilities of each key stakeholder within the process of an active emergency. The stakeholders’ engagement level will depend on the severity of the incident and the consequent outcome. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-4" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/emergency-response-plan/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ERP</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Emergency Response Plan</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ERP</span>) will detail how and who will be active and in what roles during an incident over an asset, event, or public space. This document should detail the key stakeholders involved, when, and, most particularly, how each engages by clearly stating the roles and responsibilities of each key stakeholder within the process of an active emergency. The stakeholders’ engagement level will depend on the severity of the incident and the consequent outcome. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">f</h3></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/federal-aviation-administration-faa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The Federal Aviation Administration is a national authority with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation. These include the construction and operation of airports, air traffic management, the certification of personnel and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and the protection of U.S. assets during the launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/federal-aviation-administration-faa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">FAA</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The Federal Aviation Administration is a national authority with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation. These include the construction and operation of airports, air traffic management, the certification of personnel and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and the protection of U.S. assets during the launch or re-entry of commercial space vehicles. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/federal-communications-commission-fcc/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Federal Communications Commission (FCC)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the U.S. government that was created to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.  Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/federal-communications-commission-fcc/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">FCC</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the U.S. government that was created to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.  Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/field-of-regard/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Field of Regard</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Field of regard</span> describes the total area captured by the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> sensor after it has completed its mechanical rotations or electronically steered scans.  <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Radar</span> antennas can be mechanically rotated or electronically steered to scan a wide area of interest (up to 360 degrees). When choosing a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span>, it is important to understand how the type of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> employed relates to the area covered, both in the horizontal and vertical plane. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/field-of-view-fov/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Field of View (FOV)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Field of View (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FOV</span>)</span> is a term used to describe the limits in both the vertical and horizontal direction that an <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensor is able to see in a single instance. This parameter is often specified in degrees for horizontal and vertical planes. Some manufacturers may mount <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> cameras on a rotating platform and report a horizontal field of view of 360 degrees. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/field-of-view-fov/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">FOV</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Field of View (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FOV</span>)</span> is a term used to describe the limits in both the vertical and horizontal direction that an <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> sensor is able to see in a single instance. This parameter is often specified in degrees for horizontal and vertical planes. Some manufacturers may mount <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> cameras on a rotating platform and report a horizontal field of view of 360 degrees. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/first-person-view/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">First-Person View (FPV)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">First-Person-View (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FPV</span>) flying is the ability to control a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> from a “pilot’s eye” perspective through an onboard camera and ground-based receiving and viewing equipment. The viewing equipment is usually a set of video goggles or video screen. Reference- UK Civil Aviation Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/first-person-view/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">FPV</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">First-Person-View (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FPV</span>) flying is the ability to control a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> from a “pilot’s eye” perspective through an onboard camera and ground-based receiving and viewing equipment. The viewing equipment is usually a set of video goggles or video screen. Reference- UK Civil Aviation Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/flight-path/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Flight path</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">flight path</span> is a single path depicting where an aircraft or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> intends to fly, or has already flown. Reference- Law Insider</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/flight-restriction-zone/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Flight Restriction Zone</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">flight restriction zone</span> is a zone where <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> operations are subject to approval or subject to a prohibition or limitation. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/frequency-bandwidth-radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Frequency Bandwidth- Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Radars are active sensors that transmit electromagnetic energy across a specific range of frequencies. This frequency bandwidth parameter is often specified in hertz or by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard Letter Designation (521- 2002 - IEEE Standard Letter Designations for Radar-Frequency Bands , 2003).  Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/frequency-distance-of-arrival-fdoa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Frequency Distance of Arrival (FDOA)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Frequency Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span>) is a technique for estimating the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of a moving radio emitter based on Doppler frequency shift observed from multiple <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> points. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span> emitter target must be in relative motion with respect to each observation point. Time Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span>) and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span> are sometimes used together to improve <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> accuracy. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-5" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/frequency-distance-of-arrival-fdoa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">FDOA</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Frequency Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span>) is a technique for estimating the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of a moving radio emitter based on Doppler frequency shift observed from multiple <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> points. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span> emitter target must be in relative motion with respect to each observation point. Time Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span>) and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span> are sometimes used together to improve <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> accuracy. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">g</h3></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/geofencing/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Geofencing</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Geofencing</span> is a virtual barrier around predefined areas of airspace. It is manufacturer-specific and, therefore, does not affect UAVs manufactured by someone else. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/geolocation/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Geolocation</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Geolocation</span> is when two or more <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> sensors are set up at different locations within the area of interest; it allows for approximate <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> in two or more dimensions, as opposed to just the direction of the target <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and/or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>. There are different ways that a system may display this information, for example, two or more intersecting lines of bearing, a marker on a map, a circle on a map, a heat map with varying color gradients, etc. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/geospatial-intelligence/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Geospatial Intelligence</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Geospatial intelligence</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">GEOINT</span>) is composed of imagery and geospatial information systems (GIS) and is a key component for building a complete threat risk assessment. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/geospatial-intelligence/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GEOINT</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Geospatial intelligence</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">GEOINT</span>) is composed of imagery and geospatial information systems (GIS) and is a key component for building a complete threat risk assessment. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/gigahertz-ghz/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Gigahertz (GHz)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Gigahertz is a unit of measure for a number of cycles per second (frequency) where 1 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> equals a billion cycles per second. In the context of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> is used to describe frequency bands of the radio spectrum used for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> communications or control. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/gigahertz-ghz/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GHz</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Gigahertz is a unit of measure for a number of cycles per second (frequency) where 1 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> equals a billion cycles per second. In the context of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> is used to describe frequency bands of the radio spectrum used for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> communications or control. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/global-navigation-satellite-system-gnss/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Global Navigation Satellite System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GNSS</span>)</span> is a general term to describe a satellite system that is used to pinpoint the geographic <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of a user’s receiver anywhere in the world. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GNSS</span> can refer to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Galileo, GLONASS, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>, etc. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/global-navigation-satellite-system-gnss/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GNSS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Global Navigation Satellite System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GNSS</span>)</span> is a general term to describe a satellite system that is used to pinpoint the geographic <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of a user’s receiver anywhere in the world. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GNSS</span> can refer to the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Galileo, GLONASS, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>, etc. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/global-positioning-system-gps/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Global Positioning System (GPS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Global Positioning System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>)</span>, originally called Navstar <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>, is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the U.S. government and operated by the U.S. Air Force. Using signals from multiple satellites positioned worldwide, a receiver and algorithms provide <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span>, velocity, and time synchronization for air, sea, and land objects. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/global-positioning-system-gps/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GPS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Global Positioning System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>)</span>, originally called Navstar <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>, is a satellite-based radio navigation system owned by the U.S. government and operated by the U.S. Air Force. Using signals from multiple satellites positioned worldwide, a receiver and algorithms provide <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span>, velocity, and time synchronization for air, sea, and land objects. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/gnss-jamming/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GNSS Jamming</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GNSS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span> Jamming</span> is a counter-UAS <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique that disrupts the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>'s satellite link, such as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span> or GLONASS, which is used for navigation. Drones that lose their satellite link will usually hover in place, land, or return to home (if it can). Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/ground-control-station/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Ground Control Station (GCS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Ground Control Station (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>)</span> allows the pilot to remotely control and/or monitor the operation of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/ground-control-station/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">GCS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Ground Control Station (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>)</span> allows the pilot to remotely control and/or monitor the operation of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-6" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/gyroscope/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Gyroscope</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">gyroscope</span> is a tool for measuring and maintaining the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>'s orientation. This is especially important for drones that are used for aerial photography, as they need to remain stable and level to capture the best images. Gyroscopes are frequently combined with accelerometers, which measure linear acceleration. These two components work together to give the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> the information it needs to determine its position and orientation in three-dimensional space. The use of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">gyroscope</span> technology aids in the maintenance of a stable hover. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">gyroscope</span> detects any wayward drifting or wobbling by the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> when there is no input from the pilot. This data is then sent to a controller instructing the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>’s motors to counteract unwanted movements. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Gyroscope</span> sensor detects angular velocity in three axes. It can <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> the angle change rate Pitch, Roll, and Yaw. Gyroscopes also ensure that drones rotate at the exact angle user controls expect. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">h</h3></li><li class=" ln-7" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/high-power-microwave/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">High Power Microwave</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">High Power Microwave</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>HPM</span>) is a counter-UAS or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">counter-drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique that directs pulses of high-intensity microwave energy at the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, disabling the aircraft's electronic systems. Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-7" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/high-power-microwave/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">HPM</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">High Power Microwave</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>HPM</span>) is a counter-UAS or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">counter-drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique that directs pulses of high-intensity microwave energy at the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, disabling the aircraft's electronic systems. Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">i</h3></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/identify/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Identify</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identification</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Identify</span> is the assignment by the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technology (either autonomously or by an operator) of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> to a more specific name or category, such as physical address of its modem, or the exact make/model of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Note that the terms, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span> and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span>, are often used interchangeably, but can have different meanings for different audiences. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/image-resolution/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Image Resolution</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Image Resolution</span> is a parameter that specifies how much fine detail an image has. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Image resolution</span> is often reported as width in pixels by height in pixels. For example, 1280 x 720 means the width of an image contains 1280 pixels, and the height of the image contains 720 pixels. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/industrial-scientific-and-medical-ism-bands/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Bands</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Industrial, Scientific, and Medical, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ISM</span> refers to a group of radio bands (frequencies) or parts of the radio spectrum that are internationally reserved for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> energy intended for scientific, medical, and industrial requirements. In the United States, this usually includes 433 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span>, 915 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span>, 1.2 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>, 2.4 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>, and 5.8 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> bands. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/industrial-scientific-and-medical-ism-bands/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ISM</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Industrial, Scientific, and Medical, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ISM</span> refers to a group of radio bands (frequencies) or parts of the radio spectrum that are internationally reserved for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> energy intended for scientific, medical, and industrial requirements. In the United States, this usually includes 433 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span>, 915 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span>, 1.2 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>, 2.4 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>, and 5.8 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span> bands. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/inertial-measurement-unit-imu/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Inertial Measurement Unit (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span>)</span> is an electronic device that measures acceleration and rotation that can be used to calculate position and velocity. IMUs are the main component of the inertial navigation systems commonly used in aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and other unmanned systems, missiles, and even satellites. An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span> typically consists of: Accelerometers: Measure angular velocity. Gyroscopes: Measure angular rate. Magnetometers (optional): measurement of the magnetic field surrounding the system An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span> with strong vibration resistance and good performance will enhance <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> flight performance. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class=" ln-8" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/inertial-measurement-unit-imu/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">IMU</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Inertial Measurement Unit (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span>)</span> is an electronic device that measures acceleration and rotation that can be used to calculate position and velocity. IMUs are the main component of the inertial navigation systems commonly used in aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and other unmanned systems, missiles, and even satellites. An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span> typically consists of: Accelerometers: Measure angular velocity. Gyroscopes: Measure angular rate. Magnetometers (optional): measurement of the magnetic field surrounding the system An <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>IMU</span> with strong vibration resistance and good performance will enhance <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> flight performance. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">l</h3></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/laser/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Laser</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In terms of counter-UAS or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">counter-drone</span> technology, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">laser</span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> tool that destroys vital segments of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>'s airframe using directed energy, causing it to crash to the ground. Reference- Bard College for the Center of the Drone- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Counter-Drone</span> Systems (2nd Edition)</dfn></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/line-of-bearing-lob/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Line of Bearing (LOB)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Line of Bearing (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOB</span>)</span> as it relates to counter-UAS, is a direction in degrees from true north where a potential <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and/or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> target is being detected. It is usually displayed in the shape of a wedge of varying width with its origin in the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of the system detecting the target. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/line-of-bearing-lob/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">LOB</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Line of Bearing (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOB</span>)</span> as it relates to counter-UAS, is a direction in degrees from true north where a potential <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and/or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> target is being detected. It is usually displayed in the shape of a wedge of varying width with its origin in the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> of the system detecting the target. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/line-of-sight-los/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Line of Sight (LoS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Line of Sight (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOS</span>)</span> is a straight line along which an observer has unobstructed vision. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/line-of-sight-los/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">LoS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Line of Sight (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOS</span>)</span> is a straight line along which an observer has unobstructed vision. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-11" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/locate/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Locate</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> is a static estimated report or display of where a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> is located at a given moment. The display to the operator of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technology can take on many forms, e.g., a heat map display, quadrant alert, or circle to indicate estimated center and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> error or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">line of bearing (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>LOB</span>)</span>. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">m</h3></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/magnetometer/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Magnetometer</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">magnetometer</span> measures a magnetic field’s intensity and direction. It gives data on the magnetic field in three X, Y, and Z. This helps the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> determine the magnetic north and change its course accordingly. Apart from direction sensing, magnetic sensors can also <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> surrounding magnetism and ferro-metals, such as electricity poles, wires, vehicles, other drones, etc., to help avoid an accident. Reference- Sensors Used in Drones</dfn></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/megahertz-mhz/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Megahertz (MHz)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Megahertz is a unit of measure for a number of cycles per second (frequency) where 1 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span> equals a million cycles per second. In the context of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span> is used to describe frequency bands of the radio spectrum used for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> communications or control. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/megahertz-mhz/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">MHz</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Megahertz is a unit of measure for a number of cycles per second (frequency) where 1 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span> equals a million cycles per second. In the context of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MHz</span> is used to describe frequency bands of the radio spectrum used for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> communications or control. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/mitigate/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Mitigate</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigate</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> is often used interchangeably with negate, interdict, or neutralize. It describes the methods used to remove or reduce the threat posed by a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. These methods include technical means, such as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span> jamming</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">spoofing</span>/hijacking, and kinetic attack; however, these technical methods are likely not legal for any entity other than DHS, DOJ, DOD or DOE to conduct. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> may also include any capability or action associated with finding the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>sUAS</span> operator and having that person safely land the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>sUAS</span>, which would likely be permissible if the underlying <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> system can be lawfully operated with Federal surveillance laws, as well as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FCC</span> and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FAA</span> regulatory standards and requirements. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/msl/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Mean Sea Level (MSL)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Mean Sea Level or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MSL</span> is your true altitude or elevation. It is the average height above standard sea level where the atmospheric pressure is measured to calibrate altitude. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Pilot Ground School</dfn></li><li class=" ln-12" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/msl/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">MSL</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Mean Sea Level or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>MSL</span> is your true altitude or elevation. It is the average height above standard sea level where the atmospheric pressure is measured to calibrate altitude. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Pilot Ground School</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">n</h3></li><li class=" ln-13" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/no-drone-zone/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">No Drone Zone</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The Federal Aviation Administration uses the term "<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">No <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Zone</span>" to help people <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span> areas where they cannot operate a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> or unmanned aircraft system (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>). The operating restrictions for a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">No <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Zone</span> are specific to a particular <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span>. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">No <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Zone</span></dfn></li><li class=" ln-13" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/no-fly-zones/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">No Fly Zones</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">No Fly Zones</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>NFZ</span>) are designated areas around areas such as airports, military bases, prisons, stadiums, and other critical infrastructure in which aircraft are unable to operate unless given special authorization by the appropriate authority. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-13" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/no-fly-zones/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">NFZ</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">No Fly Zones</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>NFZ</span>) are designated areas around areas such as airports, military bases, prisons, stadiums, and other critical infrastructure in which aircraft are unable to operate unless given special authorization by the appropriate authority. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-13" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/non-cooperative-drone/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Non-Cooperative Drone</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">non-cooperative <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span></span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>/ <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> exhibiting behavior to suggest non-compliance with applicable rules and regulations, including, for instance, flight operations in restricted airspace or carriage of non-permitted <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">payload</span>, or failure to interact with <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ATC</span> (e.g., responding to instructions, providing <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span>). Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">p</h3></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/passive-drone-detection/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Passive Drone Detection</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span></span> involves using methods to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> and/or its controller without emitting any signals. Examples of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span></span> methods: <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> systems receive and analyze the communication signals between the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> and its controller. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Acoustic</span> sensors receive and analyze the sounds emitted by <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> motors and propellers. Cameras <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> drones by capturing images or videos of the surrounding area. These can be standard optical cameras or more advanced systems, such as infrared cameras for night vision. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Passive radar</span> systems <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> and analyze reflected signals from other electromagnetic sources. They provide information on the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> and movement of objects without emitting their own signals. </dfn></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/passive-radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Passive Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Passive Radars are radio-detecting and ranging systems that trace and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detect</span> objects by relying on signals transmitted from locations other than the reception antennas. These <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> systems are bistatic in nature because they calculate the delay from the time the signal is received from the antenna and the time the signal is reflected off a target <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span>. The target locations are known as non-cooperative sources of illumination in the environment. Reference- https://www.aecl.com/en/defense-aerospace/passive-radar-system/</dfn></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/passive-rf/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Passive RF</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span></span> sensors rely on antennas to receive and computers to analyze <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> signals associated with communications between the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Systems that use <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span></span> sensors as their primary sensor are sometimes referred to as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ESM</span>. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span></span> sensors analyze the radio signatures and modulations specific to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> signals and are capable of identifying certain <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> models and manufacturers as well as locating the signal’s transmission origin–the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> and/or the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>. Most <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> that rely primarily on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span></span> sensors use libraries of known <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> radio signatures and compare detected signals to those in the library in order to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classify</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identify</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Signature libraries may be periodically updated to include additional <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> signatures and update existing signatures. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Passive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span></span> sensors can employ several different signal-processing methods to help <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">locate</span> the source of a UAS-associated signal. The more common methods are: • Direction Finding (DF) • <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Received Signal Strength Indicator (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RSSI</span>)</span> • Time Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span>) • Frequency Difference of Arrival (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FDOA</span>) Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/payload/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Payload</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">payload</span> is an instrument, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, appurtenance, or accessory, including communications equipment, that is installed in or attached to the aircraft (or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>) and is not used or intended to be used in operating or controlling an aircraft (or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>) in flight, and is not part of an airframe, engine, or propeller. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/positive-identification/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Positive Identification</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Positive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span></span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>PID</span>) is derived from observation and analysis of target characteristics, including visual recognition, electronic support systems, non-cooperative target recognition techniques, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span> friend or foe systems, or other physics-based <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span> techniques. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-15" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/positive-identification/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">PID</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Positive <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span></span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>PID</span>) is derived from observation and analysis of target characteristics, including visual recognition, electronic support systems, non-cooperative target recognition techniques, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span> friend or foe systems, or other physics-based <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span> techniques. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">r</h3></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An Active <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Radar</span> operates by transmitting a radio signal of known frequency and power in a focused direction and then detecting the reflected signal that is bounced back from the target. Doppler radars are the most common type of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> used in <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> technologies. Doppler radars differentiate the return signal based on a frequency shift from the original transmitted frequency,. which allows the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> to dismiss the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">detection</span> of stationary objects. Radars can be two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D); 2D radars provide direction and distance to the target, while 3D radars also provide the target’s altitude. Two-dimensional radars typically use a single antenna that rotates to cover the desired field of view. These radars may provide the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>’s distance from the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> (or the target’s range) and its bearing or azimuth (degrees from true North in the horizontal plane). Three-dimensional radars use phased array stationary antenna panels with multiple internal antennas (array) on a single panel. This type of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> can change the direction of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> signal it emits by manipulating the phase of the signal emitted by each of the internal antenna elements–much like focusing a lens on a camera. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide  </dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/radio-frequency-rf/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Radio Frequency (RF)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Radio Frequency or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> refers to the oscillatory change in a circuit, waveguide, or transmission line in the range from around 20,000 times per second (20 kHz) to around 300 billion times per second (300 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>), roughly between the upper limit of audio and the lower limit of infrared light. Under certain conditions, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> becomes radio waves of electromagnetic radiation. These waves can propagate at the speed of light, over large distances, and through various materials, air, and even the vacuum of space. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide Radio frequency also refers to the commonly used communications bands that a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> uses to communicate between the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/radio-frequency-rf/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">RF</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Radio Frequency or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> refers to the oscillatory change in a circuit, waveguide, or transmission line in the range from around 20,000 times per second (20 kHz) to around 300 billion times per second (300 <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GHz</span>), roughly between the upper limit of audio and the lower limit of infrared light. Under certain conditions, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> becomes radio waves of electromagnetic radiation. These waves can propagate at the speed of light, over large distances, and through various materials, air, and even the vacuum of space. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide Radio frequency also refers to the commonly used communications bands that a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> uses to communicate between the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/received-signal-strength-indicator-rssi/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Received Signal Strength Indicator, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RSSI</span>, is a measurement of the power or energy present in a received radio signal, measured in milliwatts or decibels, which are referenced to 1 milliwatt. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/received-signal-strength-indicator-rssi/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">RSSI</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Received Signal Strength Indicator, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RSSI</span>, is a measurement of the power or energy present in a received radio signal, measured in milliwatts or decibels, which are referenced to 1 milliwatt. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/red-team/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Red Team</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Team</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Teaming Operation</span> consists of a series of teams, each executing specific tasks under the roles of an attack operation, defense/<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigate</span>, command, or observation. Using a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Teaming Operation</span> to validate the operational procedures of an organization to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> threat incursions over an asset, event, or public space is a valuable tool for all teams and stakeholders to determine capacity building. The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Team</span> behaves as the physical (in-field) threat actors and attacks the asset(s) of interest. This team can be made up of participants who are external or internal to the organization. It is beneficial to have an external element to the composition of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Red Team</span> to ensure neutrality and an unbiased appraisal of operational procedures to be tested. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/remote-pilot/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Remote Pilot</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remote pilot</span> is a person responsible for safely conducting the flight of an unmanned aircraft by operating its flight controls, either manually or, when the unmanned aircraft flies automatically, by monitoring its course and remaining able to intervene and change the course at any time. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/remotely-piloted-aircraft/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Remotely Piloted Aircraft</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remotely piloted aircraft</span> is an unmanned aircraft that is flown from a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">remote pilot</span> station. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/restricted-area/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Restricted Area</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">The <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">restricted area</span> is an airspace of defined dimensions above the land areas or territorial waters of a State, within which the aircraft's flight is restricted per certain specified conditions. Reference- Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)- A Common Framework with Core Principles for Global Harmonization</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/rf-jamming/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">RF Jamming</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Radio Frequency (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span>)</span> Jamming is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique where the system attempts to disrupt the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> link between the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> and its operator by generating large volumes of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> interference. Once the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> link (which can include Wi-Fi links) is severed, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> will usually either descend to the ground or initiate a ‘return-to-home' maneuver. However, this technique has no effect against drones that operate without an active <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>RF</span> link. Many signal jammers also have a limited effective range of a few hundred meters, meaning that the system must be very close to the intruding <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigate</span> its threats successfully, and they are not effective without a direct line of sight to the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Jammers capable of operating at long ranges and beyond line of sight must be significantly more powerful, but more powerful jammers also pose a higher risk of interference to legitimate communications. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/risk-management/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Risk Management</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Risk management</span> is an element of the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> threat process that applies the findings from the threat integration and the threat analysis to evaluate the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>CI</span> site’s specific risks and corresponding <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> measures in depth. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/rules-of-engagement/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Rules of Engagement</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In military terms, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">rules of engagement</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ROE</span>) are directives issued by a competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which a military force will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class=" ln-17" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/rules-of-engagement/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">ROE</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In military terms, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">rules of engagement</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>ROE</span>) are directives issued by a competent military authority that delineate the circumstances and limitations under which a military force will initiate and/or continue combat engagement with other forces encountered. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Operations</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">s</h3></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/safety-management-system-sms/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Safety Management System (SMS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"> A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Safety Management System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>SMS</span>)</span> is a systematic approach to managing aviation safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies, and procedures, and includes any management system that, independently or integrated with other management systems of the organization, addresses the management of safety. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA </dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/safety-management-system-sms/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">SMS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"> A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Safety Management System (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>SMS</span>)</span> is a systematic approach to managing aviation safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies, and procedures, and includes any management system that, independently or integrated with other management systems of the organization, addresses the management of safety. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA </dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/safety-risk-management-srm/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Safety Risk Management (SRM)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Risk Management</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>SRM</span>)</span> encompasses assessing and mitigating safety risks. Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">risk management</span> aims to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">assess</span> the risks associated with identified hazards and develop and implement effective and appropriate mitigations. Therefore, Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">risk management</span> is a key component of the safety management process at the State and product/service provider levels. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/safety-risk-management-srm/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">SRM</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Risk Management</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>SRM</span>)</span> encompasses assessing and mitigating safety risks. Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">risk management</span> aims to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">assess</span> the risks associated with identified hazards and develop and implement effective and appropriate mitigations. Therefore, Safety <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">risk management</span> is a key component of the safety management process at the State and product/service provider levels. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/scan-rate-eo-ir-cameras/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Scan Rate- EO/IR Cameras</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Scan rate for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>EO/IR</span> cameras describes how fast a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>FOV</span> can be scanned. This parameter is often reported in either degrees per second or hertz if the system is designed to complete full 360-degree rotations. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/scan-rate-radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Scan Rate- Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Scan rate refers to how fast a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> can scan an entire area of interest (usually 360 degrees), specified in hertz (Hz). For example, 2 Hz means it scans the area twice every second. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/segregated-airspace/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Segregated Airspace</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Segregated airspace</span> is the airspace of specified dimensions allocated for exclusive use to a specific user(s). Reference- Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)- A Common Framework with Core Principles for Global Harmonization</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/short-range-air-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Short Range Air Defense</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Short-range <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air defense</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">SHORAD</span>) provides <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air defense</span> against low-altitude airborne threats. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/short-range-air-defense/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">SHORAD</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Short-range <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air defense</span> (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">SHORAD</span>) provides <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air defense</span> against low-altitude airborne threats. Reference- U.S. Army <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Air and Missile Defense</span> Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/small-uncrewed-aircraft-system-suas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Small Uncrewed Aircraft System (sUAS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>sUAS</span>, are systems with UAVs weighing less than 55 pounds at take-off. These UAVs are propeller-driven, powered by one or multiple electric motors, and use an on-board rechargeable battery. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/small-uncrewed-aircraft-system-suas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">sUAS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Small Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>sUAS</span>, are systems with UAVs weighing less than 55 pounds at take-off. These UAVs are propeller-driven, powered by one or multiple electric motors, and use an on-board rechargeable battery. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-18" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/spoofing/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Spoofing</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Spoofing</span> is a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> technique where the system attempts to take control of or misdirect the targeted <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> by feeding it a spurious communication or navigation link. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Spoofing</span> systems, however, are technically very difficult to build and implement and may not be universally effective against all <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>. Unmanned aircraft that have been built with protected communication links, for example, could be resistant to <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">spoofing</span> attacks. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">t</h3></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/threat-assessment/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Threat Assessment</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">threat assessment</span> is the estimation of the probability for an attack to be enacted against a target during a specific time frame, which will help to determine the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">threat level</span> that a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> may pose and will help decision-makers select the appropriate and most effective countermeasure. Reference- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incident</span> Management at Aerodromes on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> Hub or EASA</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/threat-identification/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Threat Identification</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description"><span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Threat <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span></span> involves identifying potential means and methods of attack and includes the assessment of current (if any) protective measures, the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">identification</span> of vulnerabilities in the examined asset against the considered <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> attack tactic and the production of attack scenarios. Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/threat-level/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Threat Level</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Red, Amber, and Green threat levels are a set of 'traffic light' security protocols on engaging a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> threat and when it is deemed a threat in the context of a stadium or other mass gathering. Green- No impact- monitor. An issue that occurs outside routine activity and does not disrupt operations. Amber- Enhanced state. An issue that causes or could cause disruption. Neutralization by counter-UAS technology or other methods is probable. Red- <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Detect</span> and respond—a significant issue or incident causing an emergency or major disruption. Neutralization by counter-UAS technology or other methods has failed, and evacuations or other public safety measures are to be activated. Reference- Stadia Protection and <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Mitigation</span> from <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>Drone</span> Incursion and Threats</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/time-distance-of-arrival-tdoa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Time Distance of Arrival (TDOA)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Time Difference of Arrival, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span>, is a method to accurately <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">locate</span> a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>, or a radio wave emitter by measuring the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span> of a signal from the emitter at three or more time-synchronized receiver sites or, conversely, the signals from three or more time-synchronized emitters at one receiver <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> (navigation application, e.g., <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>). Reference- Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/time-distance-of-arrival-tdoa/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">TDOA</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Time Difference of Arrival, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span>, is a method to accurately <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">locate</span> a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>, or a radio wave emitter by measuring the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>TDOA</span> of a signal from the emitter at three or more time-synchronized receiver sites or, conversely, the signals from three or more time-synchronized emitters at one receiver <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> (navigation application, e.g., <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GPS</span>). Reference- Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/track/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Track</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">A <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">track</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">tracking</span> is a compilation of <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">location</span> reports for a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> over a period of time. Tracks can be displayed for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and/or UAVs. Generally, it is displayed as a line or a sequence of dots. Reference: DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-19" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/transmit-power-radar/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Transmit Power- Radar</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Transmit Power is the radio energy transmitted by a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> antenna, or other systems, such as <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span> <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">mitigation</span> systems or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> ground control stations, every second. It is measured in watts (W) and can be as high as several hundred watts. Safe standoff distance is highly dependent on specific <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">radar</span> transmission parameters, such as transmit power, and is usually specified by the manufacturer. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">u</h3></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aerial-vehicle-uav-2/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, also referred to as a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, is an aircraft without an onboard human pilot that can fly either by remote control from a human operator or autonomously using onboard sensors. UAVs are a component of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, which also includes a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and a system of communications—also called an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aerial-vehicle-uav-2/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">UAV</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">An Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span>, also referred to as a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, is an aircraft without an onboard human pilot that can fly either by remote control from a human operator or autonomously using onboard sensors. UAVs are a component of a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, which also includes a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span> and a system of communications—also called an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aircraft-system-traffic-management/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Uncrewed Aircraft System Traffic Management (UTM)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In its broadest sense, the International Civil Aviation Authority defines <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Uncrewed Aircraft System Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)</span> as ‘A specific aspect of air traffic management which manages <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> operations safely, economically and efficiently through the provision of facilities and a seamless set of services in collaboration with all parties and involving airborne and ground-based functions.’ Consequently, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span> system ‘provides <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span> through the collaborative integration of humans, information, technology, facilities, and services, supported by air, ground or space-based communications, navigation, and surveillance.’ Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aircraft-system-traffic-management/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">UTM</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">In its broadest sense, the International Civil Aviation Authority defines <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">Uncrewed Aircraft System Traffic Management (<span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span>)</span> as ‘A specific aspect of air traffic management which manages <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> operations safely, economically and efficiently through the provision of facilities and a seamless set of services in collaboration with all parties and involving airborne and ground-based functions.’ Consequently, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span> system ‘provides <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UTM</span> through the collaborative integration of humans, information, technology, facilities, and services, supported by air, ground or space-based communications, navigation, and surveillance.’ Reference- Protection against Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Handbook on <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> protection of Critical Infrastructure and Public Space: A five Phase approach for <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>C-UAS</span> stakeholders</dfn></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aircraft-system-uas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Uncrewed Aircraft System (UAS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, refers to the systems and components that allow for the remote control or autonomous flights of UAVs. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> components include a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>, and a system of communications between the two. They are also called Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-20" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/uncrewed-aircraft-system-uas/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">UAS</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Uncrewed Aircraft Systems, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span>, refers to the systems and components that allow for the remote control or autonomous flights of UAVs. <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAS</span> components include a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>drone</span>, a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>GCS</span>, and a system of communications between the two. They are also called Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class="the-letter-separator"><li class="the-index-letter"><h3 role="tab">v</h3></li><li class=" ln-21" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/vertical-take-off-and-landing-vtol/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Vertical Take-Off and Landing, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>VTOL</span>, refers to a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> that can hover, take off, and land vertically. This <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classification</span> can include types of UAVs such as fixed-wing, helicopters, and other UAVs with powered rotors. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-21" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/vertical-take-off-and-landing-vtol/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">VTOL</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Vertical Take-Off and Landing, or <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>VTOL</span>, refers to a <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> that can hover, take off, and land vertically. This <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">classification</span> can include types of UAVs such as fixed-wing, helicopters, and other UAVs with powered rotors. Reference- DHS Counter-UAS Technology Guide</dfn></li><li class=" ln-21" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/DefinedTerm"><a href="https://cuashub.com/en/glossary/visual-line-of-sight-vlos/" rel="nofollow" role="term" class="glossaryLink glossary-link-title " style="" itemprop="url"><span itemprop="name">Visual Line of Sight (VLOS)</span></a><dfn class="glossary_itemdesc" role="definition" itemprop="description">Visual Line of Sight or VLOS is when the pilot is able to see either the asset or the <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex='0' role='link'>UAV</span> from the launch site. Reference- UK National Protective Security Authority</dfn></li></ul></div><div class="clear clearfix cmtt-clearfix"></div></div> <p>A glossary of common terms for counter-UAS, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">counter-drone</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">anti-drone</span>, <span class="" data-mobile-support="0" data-gt-translate-attributes='[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]' tabindex="0" role="link">air defense</span>, airspace awareness, uncrewed aircraft systems, and electronic warfare, to name a few.</p>  </div>  <div class="site-footer"> <div class="container footer-columns"> <div class="footer-wrap"> <span class="icon-brand"><img data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cuashub-logo-white.png" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" class="lazyload" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 500px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 500/200;" /><noscript><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cuashub-logo-white.png" /></noscript></span> <span class="icon-brand2"><img data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SAE-Media-Group-Logo_White250x100.png" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" class="lazyload" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250/100;" /><noscript><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/SAE-Media-Group-Logo_White250x100.png" /></noscript></span> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="footer-column column-mission"> <h5 class="footer-title">About C-UAS Hub</h5> <p>C-UAS Hub is a central source for counter-unmanned aircraft systems technology, information, news and resources.</p> <p><a href="/about/" class="link-trans">Learn more <i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-right"></i></a></p> </div> </div>  <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="footer-column"> <h5 class="footer-title">Explore</h5> <ul class="footer-nav"> <li><a href="/new-to-counter-uas/">New to Counter UAS?</a></li> <li><a href="/events/">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/products/">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/library/">Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/services/">Services</a></li> <li><a href="/vendors/">Vendors</a></li> <li><a href="/glossary/">Glossary</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="footer-column"> <h5 class="footer-title">Connect</h5> <ul class="footer-nav"> <li><a href="/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li><a href="/vendor-application/">Become a Vendor</a></li> <li><a href="#submit-content-modal" data-toggle="modal">Submit Content</a></li> <li><a href="/contact/">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/login/">Member Login</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="footer-column"> <h5 class="footer-title">Follow Us</h5> <ul class="social-nav"> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/c-uas-hub/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-linkedin"></i></a></li> </ul> <a href="https://www.droneresponders.org/" target="_blank"><img data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/drone-responders-logo-white.png" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" class="lazyload" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600/90;" /><noscript><img src="/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/drone-responders-logo-white.png" /></noscript></a> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>  <hr /> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <p class="copyright">© 2024 C-UAS Hub. 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