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electrostatic interaction energy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: electrostatic interaction energy"> <meta name="keywords" content="electrostatic interaction energy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research 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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="electrostatic interaction energy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12033</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: electrostatic interaction energy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12033</span> The Role of Ionic Strength and Mineral Size to Zeta Potential for the Adhesion of P. putida to Mineral Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathiah%20Mohamed%20Zuki">Fathiah Mohamed Zuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20George%20Edyvean"> Robert George Edyvean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrostatic interaction energy (∆EEDL) is a part of the Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, which, together with van der Waals (∆EVDW) and acid base (∆EAB) interaction energies, has been extensively used to investigate the initial adhesion of bacteria to surfaces. Electrostatic or electrical double layer interaction energy is considerably affected by surface potential, however it cannot be determined experimentally and is usually replaced by zeta (ζ) potential via electrophoretic mobility. This paper focuses on the effect of ionic concentration as a function of pH and the effect of mineral grain size on ζ potential. It was found that both ionic strength and mineral grain size play a major role in determining the value of ζ potential for the adhesion of P. putida to hematite and quartz surfaces. Higher ζ potential values lead to higher electrostatic interaction energies and eventually to higher total XDLVO interaction energy resulting in bacterial repulsion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XDLVO" title="XDLVO">XDLVO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20interaction%20energy" title=" electrostatic interaction energy"> electrostatic interaction energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeta%20potential" title=" zeta potential"> zeta potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20putida" title=" P. putida"> P. putida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral" title=" mineral "> mineral </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24721/the-role-of-ionic-strength-and-mineral-size-to-zeta-potential-for-the-adhesion-of-p-putida-to-mineral-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12032</span> The Effects of Stoke's Drag, Electrostatic Force and Charge on Penetration of Nanoparticles through N95 Respirators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacob%20Schwartz">Jacob Schwartz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxim%20Durach"> Maxim Durach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniruddha%20Mitra"> Aniruddha Mitra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Rashidi"> Abbas Rashidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glen%20Sage"> Glen Sage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atin%20Adhikari"> Atin Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) approved N95 respirators are commonly used by workers in construction sites where there is a large amount of dust being produced from sawing, grinding, blasting, welding, etc., both electrostatically charged and not. A significant portion of airborne particles in construction sites could be nanoparticles created beside coarse particles. The penetration of the particles through the masks may differ depending on the size and charge of the individual particle. In field experiments relevant to this current study, we found that nanoparticles of medium size ranges are penetrating more frequently than nanoparticles of smaller and larger sizes. For example, penetration percentages of nanoparticles of 11.5 – 27.4 nm into a sealed N95 respirator on a manikin head ranged from 0.59 to 6.59%, whereas nanoparticles of 36.5 – 86.6 nm ranged from 7.34 to 16.04%. The possible causes behind this increased penetration of mid-size nanoparticles through mask filters are not yet explored. The objective of this study is to identify causes behind this unusual behavior of mid-size nanoparticles. We have considered such physical factors as Boltzmann distribution of the particles in thermal equilibrium with the air, kinetic energy of the particles at impact on the mask, Stoke’s drag force, and electrostatic forces in the mask stopping the particles. When the particles collide with the mask, only the particles that have enough kinetic energy to overcome the energy loss due to the electrostatic forces and the Stokes’ drag in the mask can pass through the mask. To understand this process, the following assumptions were made: (1) the effect of Stoke’s drag depends on the particles’ velocity at entry into the mask; (2) the electrostatic force is proportional to the charge on the particles, which in turn is proportional to the surface area of the particles; (3) the general dependence on electrostatic charge and thickness means that for stronger electrostatic resistance in the masks and thicker the masks’ fiber layers the penetration of particles is reduced, which is a sensible conclusion. In sampling situations where one mask was soaked in alcohol eliminating electrostatic interaction the penetration was much larger in the mid-range than the same mask with electrostatic interaction. The smaller nanoparticles showed almost zero penetration most likely because of the small kinetic energy, while the larger sized nanoparticles showed almost negligible penetration most likely due to the interaction of the particle with its own drag force. If there is no electrostatic force the fraction for larger particles grows. But if the electrostatic force is added the fraction for larger particles goes down, so diminished penetration for larger particles should be due to increased electrostatic repulsion, may be due to increased surface area and therefore larger charge on average. We have also explored the effect of ambient temperature on nanoparticle penetrations and determined that the dependence of the penetration of particles on the temperature is weak in the range of temperatures in the measurements 37-42°C, since the factor changes in the range from 3.17 10-3K-1 to 3.22 10-3K-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respiratory%20protection" title="respiratory protection">respiratory protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20hygiene" title=" industrial hygiene"> industrial hygiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerosol" title=" aerosol"> aerosol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20force" title=" electrostatic force"> electrostatic force</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84457/the-effects-of-stokes-drag-electrostatic-force-and-charge-on-penetration-of-nanoparticles-through-n95-respirators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12031</span> Study of Parameters Affecting the Electrostatic Attractions Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahid%20Sabermand">Vahid Sabermand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousef%20Hojjat"> Yousef Hojjat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Hasanzadeh"> Majid Hasanzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper contains two main parts. In the first part of paper we simulated and studied three type of electrode patterns used in various industries for suspension and handling of the semiconductor and glass and we selected the best pattern by evaluating the electrostatic force, which was comb pattern electrode. In the second part, we investigated the parameters affecting the amount of electrostatic force such as the gap between surface and electrode (g), the electrode width (w), the gap between electrodes (t), the surface permittivity and electrode Length and methods of improvement of adhesion force by changing these values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20force" title="electrostatic force">electrostatic force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20adhesion" title=" electrostatic adhesion"> electrostatic adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20chuck" title=" electrostatic chuck"> electrostatic chuck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20application%20in%20industry" title=" electrostatic application in industry"> electrostatic application in industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroadhesive%20grippers" title=" electroadhesive grippers"> electroadhesive grippers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16573/study-of-parameters-affecting-the-electrostatic-attractions-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12030</span> Molecular Electrostatic Potential in Z-3N(2-Ethoxyphenyl), 2-N'(2-Ethoxyphenyl) Imino Thiazolidin-4-one Molecule by Ab Initio and DFT Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manel%20Boulakoud">Manel Boulakoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Chouaih"> Abdelkader Chouaih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fodil%20Hamzaoui"> Fodil Hamzaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work we are interested in the determination of the Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) in Z-3N(2-Ethoxyphenyl), 2-N’(2-Ethoxyphenyl) imino thiazolidin-4-one molecule by ab initio and Density Functional Theory (DFT) in the ground state. The MEP is related to the electronic density and is a very useful descriptor in understanding sites for electrophilic attack and nucleophilic reactions as well as hydrogen bonding interactions. First, geometry optimization was carried out using Hartree–Fock (HF) and DFT methods with 6-311G(d,p) basis set. In order to get more information on the molecule, its stability has been analyzed by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Mulliken population analyses have been calculated. Finally, the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and HOMO-LUMO energy levels have been performed. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show also the charge transfer within the molecule. The energy gap obtained is about 4 eV which explain the stability of the studied compound. The obtained molecular electrostatic potential from the two methods confirms the nature of the electron charge transfer at the molecular shell and locate the electropositive part and the electronegative part in molecular scale of the title compound. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ab%20initio" title=" ab initio"> ab initio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMO-LUMO" title=" HOMO-LUMO"> HOMO-LUMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20compounds" title=" organic compounds"> organic compounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43840/molecular-electrostatic-potential-in-z-3n2-ethoxyphenyl-2-n2-ethoxyphenyl-imino-thiazolidin-4-one-molecule-by-ab-initio-and-dft-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12029</span> 1D PIC Simulation of Cold Plasma Electrostatic Waves beyond Wave-Breaking Limit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabal%20Singh%20Verma">Prabal Singh Verma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrostatic Waves in plasma have emerged as a new source for the acceleration of charged particles. The accelerated particles have a wide range of applications, for example in cancer therapy to cutting and melting of hard materials. The maximum acceleration can only be achieved when the amplitude of the plasma wave stays below a critical limit known as wave-breaking amplitude. Beyond this limit amplitude of the wave diminishes dramatically as the coherent energy of the wave starts to convert into random kinetic energy. In this work, spatiotemporal evolution of non-relativistic electrostatic waves in a cold plasma has been studied in the wave-breaking regime using a 1D particle-in-cell simulation (PIC). It is found that plasma gets heated after the wave-breaking but a fraction of initial energy always remains with the remnant wave in the form of Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) mode in warm plasma. Another interesting finding of this work is that the frequency of the resultant BGK wave is found be below electron plasma frequency which decreases with increasing initial amplitude and the acceleration mechanism after the wave-breaking is also found to be different from the previous work. In order to explain the results observed in the numerical experiments, a simplified theoretical model is constructed which exhibits a good agreement with the simulation. In conclusion, it is shown in this work that electrostatic waves get shower after the wave-breaking and a fraction of initial coherent energy always remains with remnant wave. These investigations have direct relevance in wakefield acceleration experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20plasma%20waves" title="nonlinear plasma waves">nonlinear plasma waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal" title=" longitudinal"> longitudinal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave-breaking" title=" wave-breaking"> wave-breaking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wake-field%20acceleration" title=" wake-field acceleration"> wake-field acceleration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77921/1d-pic-simulation-of-cold-plasma-electrostatic-waves-beyond-wave-breaking-limit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12028</span> Mathematical Model for Interaction Energy of Toroidal Molecules and Other Nanostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakhapoom%20Sarapat">Pakhapoom Sarapat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20M.%20Hill"> James M. Hill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duangkamon%20Baowan"> Duangkamon Baowan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon nanotori provide several properties such as high tensile strength and heat resistance. They are promised to be ideal structures for encapsulation, and their encapsulation ability can be determined by the interaction energy between the carbon nanotori and the encapsulated nanostructures. Such interaction energy is evaluated using Lennard-Jones potential and continuum approximation. Here, four problems relating to toroidal molecules are determined in order to find the most stable configuration. Firstly, the interaction energy between a carbon nanotorus and an atom is examined. The second problem relates to the energy of a fullerene encapsulated inside a carbon nanotorus. Next, the interaction energy between two symmetrically situated and parallel nanotori is considered. Finally, the classical mechanics is applied to model the interaction energy between the toroidal structure of cyclodextrin and the spherical DNA molecules. These mathematical models might be exploited to study a number of promising devices for future developments in bio and nanotechnology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotori" title="carbon nanotori">carbon nanotori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuum%20approximation" title=" continuum approximation"> continuum approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20energy" title=" interaction energy"> interaction energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lennard-Jones%20potential" title=" Lennard-Jones potential"> Lennard-Jones potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title=" nanotechnology "> nanotechnology </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109061/mathematical-model-for-interaction-energy-of-toroidal-molecules-and-other-nanostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12027</span> The Effects of Electron Trapping by Electron-Ecoustic Waves Excited with Electron Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Ali%20Abid">Abid Ali Abid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One-dimensional (1-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) electrostatic simulations are carried out to investigate the electrostatic waves, whose constituents are hot, cold and beam electrons in the background of motionless positive ions. In fact, the electrostatic modes excited are electron acoustic waves, beam driven waves as well as Langmuir waves. It is assessed that the relevant plasma parameters, for example, hot electron temperature, beam electron drift speed, and the electron beam density significantly modify the electrostatics wave's profiles. In the nonlinear stage, the wave-particle interaction becomes more evident and the waves have obtained its saturation level. Consequently, electrons become trapped in the waves and trapping vortices are clearly formed. Because of this trapping vortices and mixing of the electrons in phase space, finally, lead to electrons thermalization. It is observed that for the high-density value of the beam-electron, the solitary waves having a bipolar form of the electric field. These solitons are the nonlinear Brenstein-Greene and Kruskal wave mode that attributes the trapping of electrons potential well of phase-space hole. These examinations revealed that electrostatic waves have been exited in beam-plasma model and producing waves having broad-frequency ranges, which may clarify the broadband electrostatic noise (BEN) spectrum studied in the auroral zone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20acoustic%20%20waves" title="electron acoustic waves">electron acoustic waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapping%20of%20cold%20electron" title=" trapping of cold electron"> trapping of cold electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Langmuir%20waves" title=" Langmuir waves"> Langmuir waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle-in%20cell%20simulation" title=" particle-in cell simulation"> particle-in cell simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120540/the-effects-of-electron-trapping-by-electron-ecoustic-waves-excited-with-electron-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12026</span> Researches Concerning Photons as Corpuscles with Mass and Negative Electrostatic Charge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioan%20Rusu">Ioan Rusu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let us consider that the entire universe is composed of a single hydrogen atom within which the electron is moving around the proton. In this case, according to classical theories of physics, radiation and photons, respectively, should be absorbed by the electron. Depending on the number of photons absorbed, the electron radius of rotation around the proton is established. Until now, the principle of photon absorption by electrons and the electron transition to a new energy level, namely to a higher radius of rotation around the proton, is not clarified in physics. This paper aims to demonstrate that photons have mass and negative electrostatic charge similar to electrons but infinitely smaller. The experiments which demonstrate this theory are simple: thermal expansion, photoelectric effect and thermonuclear reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic" title="electrostatic">electrostatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron" title=" electron"> electron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photon" title=" photon"> photon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proton" title=" proton"> proton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation "> radiation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24883/researches-concerning-photons-as-corpuscles-with-mass-and-negative-electrostatic-charge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12025</span> Non-Contact Human Movement Monitoring Technique for Security Control System Based 2n Electrostatic Induction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koichi%20Kurita">Koichi Kurita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an effective non-contact technique for the detection of human physical activity is proposed. The technique is based on detecting the electrostatic induction current generated by the walking motion under non-contact and non-attached conditions. A theoretical model for the electrostatic induction current generated because of a change in the electric potential of the human body is proposed. By comparing the obtained electrostatic induction current with the theoretical model, it becomes obvious that this model effectively explains the behavior of the waveform of the electrostatic induction current. The normal walking motions are recorded using a portable sensor measurement located in a passageway　of office building. The obtained results show that detailed information regarding physical activity such as a walking cycle can be estimated using our proposed technique. This suggests that the proposed technique which is based on the detection of the walking signal, can be successfully applied to the detection of human walking motion in a secured building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20walking%20motion" title="human walking motion">human walking motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20control" title=" access control"> access control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20induction" title=" electrostatic induction"> electrostatic induction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alarm%20monitoring" title=" alarm monitoring"> alarm monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13589/non-contact-human-movement-monitoring-technique-for-security-control-system-based-2n-electrostatic-induction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12024</span> Investigation of Chlorophylls a and b Interaction with Inner and Outer Surfaces of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dehestani">M. Dehestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghasemi-Kooch"> M. Ghasemi-Kooch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, adsorption of chlorophylls a and b pigments in aqueous solution on the inner and outer surfaces of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) has been studied using molecular dynamics simulation. The linear interaction energy algorithm has been used to calculate the binding free energy. The results show that the adsorption of two pigments is fine on the both positions. Although there is the close similarity between these two pigments, their interaction with the nanotube is different. This result is useful to separate these pigments from one another. According to interaction energy between the pigments and carbon nanotube, interaction between these pigments-SWCNT on the inner surface is stronger than the outer surface. The interaction of SWCNT with chlorophylls phytol tail is stronger than the interaction of SWCNT with porphyrin ring of chlorophylls. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll" title=" chlorophyll"> chlorophyll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotube" title=" nanotube"> nanotube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78825/investigation-of-chlorophylls-a-and-b-interaction-with-inner-and-outer-surfaces-of-single-walled-carbon-nanotube-using-molecular-dynamics-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12023</span> Similarity of the Disposition of the Electrostatic Potential of Tetrazole and Carboxylic Group to Investigate Their Bioisosteric Relationship</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alya%20A.%20Arabi">Alya A. Arabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bioisosteres are functional groups that can be interchangeably used without affecting the potency of the drug. Bioisosteres have similar pharmacological properties. Bioisosterism is useful for modifying the physicochemical properties of a drug while obeying the Lipinski’s rules. Bioisosteres are key in optimizing the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties of a drug. Tetrazole and carboxylate anions are non-classic bioisosteres. Density functional theory was used to obtain the wavefunction of the molecules and the optimized geometries. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was used to uncover the similarity of the average electron density in tetrazole and carboxylate anions. This similarity between the bioisosteres capped by a methyl group was valid despite the fact that the groups have different volumes, charges, energies, or electron populations. The biochemical correspondence of tetrazole and carboxylic acid was also determined to be a result of the similarity of the topography of the electrostatic potential (ESP). The ESP demonstrates the pharmacological and biochemical resemblance for a matching “key-and-lock” interaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioisosteres" title="bioisosteres">bioisosteres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carboxylic%20acid" title=" carboxylic acid"> carboxylic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title=" density functional theory"> density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20potential" title=" electrostatic potential"> electrostatic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetrazole" title=" tetrazole"> tetrazole</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22652/similarity-of-the-disposition-of-the-electrostatic-potential-of-tetrazole-and-carboxylic-group-to-investigate-their-bioisosteric-relationship" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12022</span> Assessment of Drug Delivery Systems from Molecular Dynamic Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rahimnejad">M. Rahimnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vahidi"> B. Vahidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Ebrahimi%20Hoseinzadeh"> B. Ebrahimi Hoseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Yazdian"> F. Yazdian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Motamed%20Fath"> P. Motamed Fath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Jamjah"> R. Jamjah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we developed and simulated nano-drug delivery systems efficacy in compare to free drug prescription. Computational models can be utilized to accelerate experimental steps and control the experiments high cost. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS), in particular NAMD was utilized to better understand the anti-cancer drug interaction with cell membrane model. Paclitaxel (PTX) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were selected for the drug molecule and as a natural phospholipid nanocarrier, respectively. This work focused on two important interaction parameters between molecules in terms of center of mass (COM) and van der Waals interaction energy. Furthermore, we compared the simulation results of the PTX interaction with the cell membrane and the interaction of DPPC as a nanocarrier loaded by the drug with the cell membrane. The molecular dynamic analysis resulted in low energy between the nanocarrier and the cell membrane as well as significant decrease of COM amount in the nanocarrier and the cell membrane system during the interaction. Thus, the drug vehicle showed notably better interaction with the cell membrane in compared to free drug interaction with the cell membrane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-cancer%20drug" title="anti-cancer drug">anti-cancer drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20of%20mass" title=" center of mass"> center of mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20energy" title=" interaction energy"> interaction energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocarrier" title=" nanocarrier"> nanocarrier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73548/assessment-of-drug-delivery-systems-from-molecular-dynamic-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12021</span> Investigation Particle Behavior in Gas-Solid Filtration with Electrostatic Discharge in a Hybrid System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fl%C3%A1via%20M.%20Oliveira">Flávia M. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcos%20V.%20Rodrigues"> Marcos V. Rodrigues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%B4nica%20L.%20Aguiar"> Mônica L. Aguiar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Synthetic fibers are widely used in gas filtration. Previous attempts to optimize the filtration process have employed mixed fibers as the filter medium in gas-solid separation. Some of the materials most frequently used this purpose are composed of polyester, polypropylene, and glass fibers. In order to improve the retention of cement particles in bag filters, the present study investigates the use of synthetic glass fiber filters and polypropylene fiber for particle filtration, with electrostatic discharge of 0 to -2 kV in cement particles. The filtration curves obtained showed that charging increased the particle collection efficiency and lowered the pressure drop. Particle diameter had a direct influence on the formation of the dust cake, and the application of electrostatic discharge to the particles resulted in the retention of more particles, hence increasing the lifetime of fabric filters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20fiber%20filter" title="glass fiber filter">glass fiber filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle" title=" particle"> particle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20discharge" title=" electrostatic discharge"> electrostatic discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58308/investigation-particle-behavior-in-gas-solid-filtration-with-electrostatic-discharge-in-a-hybrid-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12020</span> Cepstrum Analysis of Human Walking Signal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koichi%20Kurita">Koichi Kurita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we propose a real-time data collection technique for the detection of human walking motion from the charge generated on the human body. This technique is based on the detection of a sub-picoampere electrostatic induction current, generated by the motion, flowing through the electrode of a wireless portable sensor attached to the subject. An FFT analysis of the wave-forms of the electrostatic induction currents generated by the walking motions showed that the currents generated under normal and restricted walking conditions were different. Moreover, we carried out a cepstrum analysis to detect any differences in the walking style. Results suggest that a slight difference in motion, either due to the individual’s gait or a splinted leg, is directly reflected in the electrostatic induction current generated by the walking motion. The proposed wireless portable sensor enables the detection of even subtle differences in walking motion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20walking%20motion" title="human walking motion">human walking motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20measurement" title=" motion measurement"> motion measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20measurement" title=" current measurement"> current measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20induction" title=" electrostatic induction"> electrostatic induction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12335/cepstrum-analysis-of-human-walking-signal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12019</span> Theoretical and Experimental Electrostatic Potential around the M-Nitrophenol Compound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Drissi%20Mokhtaria">Drissi Mokhtaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chouaih%20Abdelkader"> Chouaih Abdelkader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fodil%20Hamzaoui"> Fodil Hamzaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our work is about a comparison of experimental and theoretical results of the electron charge density distribution and the electrostatic potential around the M-Nitrophenol Molecule (m-NPH) kwon for its interesting physical characteristics. The molecular experimental results have been obtained from a high-resolution X-ray diffraction study. Theoretical investigations were performed under the Gaussian program using the Density Functional Theory at B3LYP level of theory at 6-31G*. The multipolar model of Hansen and Coppens was used for the experimental electron charge density distribution around the molecule, while we used the DFT methods for the theoretical calculations. The electron charge density obtained in both methods allowed us to find out the different molecular properties such us the electrostatic potential and the dipole moment which were finally subject to a comparison leading to an outcome of a good matching results obtained in both methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20charge%20density" title="electron charge density">electron charge density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m-nitrophenol" title=" m-nitrophenol"> m-nitrophenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optical%20compound" title=" nonlinear optical compound"> nonlinear optical compound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20potential" title=" electrostatic potential"> electrostatic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimized%20geometric" title=" optimized geometric"> optimized geometric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3123/theoretical-and-experimental-electrostatic-potential-around-the-m-nitrophenol-compound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12018</span> Electronic Device Robustness against Electrostatic Discharges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clara%20Oliver">Clara Oliver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oibar%20Martinez"> Oibar Martinez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is intended to reveal the severity of electrostatic discharge (ESD) effects in electronic and optoelectronic devices by performing sensitivity tests based on Human Body Model (HBM) standard. We explain here the HBM standard in detail together with the typical failure modes associated with electrostatic discharges. In addition, a prototype of electrostatic charge generator has been designed, fabricated, and verified to stress electronic devices, which features a compact high voltage source. This prototype is inexpensive and enables one to do a battery of pre-compliance tests aimed at detecting unexpected weaknesses to static discharges at the component level. Some tests with different devices were performed to illustrate the behavior of the proposed generator. A set of discharges was applied according to the HBM standard to commercially available bipolar transistors, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors and light emitting diodes. It is observed that high current and voltage ratings in electronic devices not necessarily provide a guarantee that the device will withstand high levels of electrostatic discharges. We have also compared the result obtained by performing the sensitivity tests based on HBM with a real discharge generated by a human. For this purpose, the charge accumulated in the person is monitored, and a direct discharge against the devices is generated by touching them. Every test has been performed under controlled relative humidity conditions. It is believed that this paper can be of interest for research teams involved in the development of electronic and optoelectronic devices which need to verify the reliability of their devices in terms of robustness to electrostatic discharges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20body%20model" title="human body model">human body model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20discharge" title=" electrostatic discharge"> electrostatic discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20tests" title=" sensitivity tests"> sensitivity tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20charge%20monitoring" title=" static charge monitoring"> static charge monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107659/electronic-device-robustness-against-electrostatic-discharges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12017</span> Nonlinear Propagation of Acoustic Soliton Waves in Dense Quantum Electron-Positron Magnetoplasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abdikian">A. Abdikian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Propagation of nonlinear acoustic wave in dense electron-positron (e-p) plasmas in the presence of an external magnetic field and stationary ions (to neutralize the plasma background) is studied. By means of the quantum hydrodynamics model and applying the reductive perturbation method, the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation is derived. Using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems, the compressive structure of electrostatic solitary wave and periodic travelling waves is found. The numerical results show how the ion density ratio, the ion cyclotron frequency, and the direction cosines of the wave vector affect the nonlinear electrostatic travelling waves. The obtained results may be useful to better understand the obliquely nonlinear electrostatic travelling wave of small amplitude localized structures in dense magnetized quantum e-p plasmas and may be applicable to study the particle and energy transport mechanism in compact stars such as the interior of massive white dwarfs etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifurcation%20theory" title="bifurcation theory">bifurcation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20portrait" title=" phase portrait"> phase portrait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetized%20electron-positron%20plasma" title=" magnetized electron-positron plasma"> magnetized electron-positron plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Zakharov-Kuznetsov%20equation" title=" the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation"> the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72076/nonlinear-propagation-of-acoustic-soliton-waves-in-dense-quantum-electron-positron-magnetoplasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12016</span> Study of Linear Generator for Vibration Energy Harvesting of Frequency more than 50Hz</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong-Jin%20Cho">Seong-Jin Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Ho%20Kim"> Jin Ho Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy harvesting is the technology which gathers and converts external energies such as light, vibration and heat which are disposed into reusable electrical energy and uses such electrical energy. The vibration energy harvesting is very interesting technology because it produces very high density of energy and unaffected by the climate. Vibration energy can be harvested by the electrostatic, electromagnetic and piezoelectric systems. The electrostatic system has low energy conversion efficiency, and the piezoelectric system is expensive and needs the frequent maintenance because it is made of piezoelectric ceramic. On the other hand, the electromagnetic system has a long life time and high harvesting efficiency, and it is relatively cheap. The electromagnetic harvesting system includes the linear generator and the rotary-type generator. The rotary-type generators require the additional mechanical conversion device if it uses linear motion of vibration. But, the linear generator uses directly linear motion of vibration without a mechanical conversion device, and it has uncomplicated structure and light weight compared with the rotary-type generator. Therefore, the linear electromagnetic generator can be useful in using vibration energy harvesting. The pole transformer systems need electricity sensor system for sending voltage and power information to administrator. Therefore, the battery is essential, and its regular maintenance of replacement is required. In case of the transformer of high location in mountainous areas, the person can’t easily access it resulting in high maintenance cost. To overcome these problems, we designed and developed the linear electromagnetic generator which can replace battery in electricity sensor system for sending voltage and power information of the pole transformer. And, it uses vibration energy of frequency more than 50 Hz by the pole transformer. In order to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of small linear electric generator, a commercial electromagnetic finite element analysis program "MAXWELL" was used. Then, through the actual production and experiment of linear generator, we confirmed output power of linear generator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20harvesting" title="energy harvesting">energy harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency" title=" frequency"> frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20generator" title=" linear generator"> linear generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiment" title=" experiment"> experiment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56580/study-of-linear-generator-for-vibration-energy-harvesting-of-frequency-more-than-50hz" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12015</span> Role of GM1 in the Interaction between Amyloid Prefibrillar Oligomers of Salmon Calcitonin and Model Membranes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiano%20Giordani">Cristiano Giordani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20Diociaiuti"> Marco Diociaiuti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cecilia%20Bombelli"> Cecilia Bombelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Zanetti-Polzi"> Laura Zanetti-Polzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcello%20Belfiore"> Marcello Belfiore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raoul%20Fioravanti"> Raoul Fioravanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gianfranco%20Macchia"> Gianfranco Macchia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigated induced functional effects by evaluating Ca2+-influx in liposomes and cell viability in HT22-DIFF neurons. Only solutions rich in unstructured Prefibrillar-Oligomers (PFOs) were able, in the presence of Monosialoganglioside-GM1 (GM1), to induce Ca2+-influx and were also neurotoxic, suggesting a correlation between the two phenomena. Thus, in the presence of GM1, we investigated the protein conformation and liposome modification due to the interaction. Circular Dichroism showed that GM1 fostered the formation of β-structures and Energy Filtered-Transmission Electron Microscopy that PFOs formed “amyloid-channels” as reported for Aβ. We speculate that electrostatic forces occurring between the positive PFOs and negative GM1 drive the initial binding, while the hydrophobic profile of the flexible PFO is responsible for the subsequent pore formation. Conversely, the rigid β-structured mature/fibers (MFs) and proto-fibers (PFs) were unable to induce membrane damage and Ca2+- influx. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amyloid%20proteins" title="amyloid proteins">amyloid proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurotoxicity" title=" neurotoxicity"> neurotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid-rafts" title=" lipid-rafts"> lipid-rafts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GM1" title=" GM1"> GM1</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118119/role-of-gm1-in-the-interaction-between-amyloid-prefibrillar-oligomers-of-salmon-calcitonin-and-model-membranes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12014</span> New Features for Copy-Move Image Forgery Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Zimba">Michael Zimba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel set of features for copy-move image forgery, CMIF, detection method is proposed. The proposed set presents a new approach which relies on electrostatic field theory, EFT. Solely for the purpose of reducing the dimension of a suspicious image, firstly performs discrete wavelet transform, DWT, of the suspicious image and extracts only the approximation subband. The extracted subband is then bijectively mapped onto a virtual electrostatic field where concepts of EFT are utilised to extract robust features. The extracted features are shown to be invariant to additive noise, JPEG compression, and affine transformation. The proposed features can also be used in general object matching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20electrostatic%20field" title="virtual electrostatic field">virtual electrostatic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features" title=" features"> features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affine%20transformation" title=" affine transformation"> affine transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copy-move%20image%20forgery" title=" copy-move image forgery"> copy-move image forgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29604/new-features-for-copy-move-image-forgery-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12013</span> Optimization of Microencapsulation of β-Carotene by Complex Coacervation Technique Using Casein and Gum Tragacanth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gargi%20Ghoshal">Gargi Ghoshal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashay%20Jain"> Ashay Jain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microencapsulation of β-carotene was optimized by complex coacervation technique using casein/gum tragacanth (CAS/GT) coating as a function of pH, initial protein to polysaccharide mixing ratio (Pr:Ps), total biopolymer concentration, core material load, zeta potential, and ionic strength. This study was aimed to understand the influence of experimental parameters on the coacervation kinetics, the coacervate yield, and entrapment efficiency. At a Pr:Ps = 2:1, an optimum pH of complex coacervation was found 4.35, at which the intensity of electrostatic interaction was maximum. At these ratios of coating, the phase separation occurred the fastest and the final coacervate yield and entrapment efficiency was the highest. Varying the Pr: Ps shifted the value of optimum pH. This incident was due to the level of charge compensation of the CAS/GT complexes. Finally, electrostatic interaction and formation of coacervates between CAS and GT were confirmed by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectra. The size and surface properties of coacervates were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resultant formulation (β-carotene loaded microcapsules) was evaluated for in vitro release study and antioxidant activity. Stability of encapsulated β-carotene was also evaluated under three levels of temperature (5, 25 and 40 °C) for 3 months. Encapsulation strongly increased the stability of micronutrients. Our results advocate potential of microcapsules as a novel carrier for the safeguard and sustained release of micronutrient. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-carotene" title="β-carotene">β-carotene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=casein" title=" casein"> casein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20coacervation" title=" complex coacervation"> complex coacervation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled%20release" title=" controlled release"> controlled release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gum%20tragacanth" title=" gum tragacanth"> gum tragacanth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcapsules" title=" microcapsules"> microcapsules</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50197/optimization-of-microencapsulation-of-v-carotene-by-complex-coacervation-technique-using-casein-and-gum-tragacanth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12012</span> Understanding Nanocarrier Efficacy in Drug Delivery Systems Using Molecular Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maedeh%20Rahimnejad">Maedeh Rahimnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahman%20Vahidi"> Bahman Vahidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahman%20Ebrahimi%20Hoseinzadeh"> Bahman Ebrahimi Hoseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Yazdian"> Fatemeh Yazdian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puria%20Motamed%20Fath"> Puria Motamed Fath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roghieh%20Jamjah"> Roghieh Jamjah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The intensive labor and high cost of developing new vehicles for controlled drug delivery highlights the need for a change in their discovery process. Computational models can be used to accelerate experimental steps and control the high cost of experiments. Methods: In this work, to better understand the interaction of anti-cancer drug and the nanocarrier with the cell membrane, we have done molecular dynamics simulation using NAMD. We have chosen paclitaxel for the drug molecule and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as a natural phospholipid nanocarrier. Results: Next, center of mass (COM) between molecules and the van der Waals interaction energy close to the cell membrane has been analyzed. Furthermore, the simulation results of the paclitaxel interaction with the cell membrane and the interaction of DPPC as a nanocarrier loaded by the drug with the cell membrane have been compared. Discussion: Analysis by molecular dynamics (MD) showed that not only the energy between the nanocarrier and the cell membrane is low, but also the center of mass amount decreases in the nanocarrier and the cell membrane system during the interaction; therefore they show significantly better interaction in comparison to the individual drug with the cell membrane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-cancer%20drug" title="anti-cancer drug">anti-cancer drug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20of%20mass" title=" center of mass"> center of mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20energy" title=" interaction energy"> interaction energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocarrier" title=" nanocarrier"> nanocarrier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73338/understanding-nanocarrier-efficacy-in-drug-delivery-systems-using-molecular-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12011</span> Free Energy Computation of A G-Quadruplex-Ligand Structure: A Classical Molecular Dynamics and Metadynamics Simulation Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Antonio%20Mondragon%20Sanchez">Juan Antonio Mondragon Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruben%20Santamaria"> Ruben Santamaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The DNA G-quadruplex is a four-stranded DNA structure formed by stacked planes of four base paired guanines (G-quartet). Guanine rich DNA sequences appear in many sites of genomic DNA and can potential form G-quadruplexes, such as those occurring at 3'-terminus of the human telomeric DNA. The formation and stabilization of a G-quadruplex by small ligands at the telomeric region can inhibit the telomerase activity. In turn, the ligands can be used to down regulate oncogene expression making G-quadruplex an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Many G-quadruplex ligands have been proposed with a planar core to facilitate the pi–pi stacking and electrostatic interactions with the G-quartets. However, many drug candidates are impossibilitated to discriminate a G-quadruplex from a double helix DNA structure. In this context, it is important to investigate the site topology for the interaction of a G-quadruplex with a ligand. In this work, we determine the free energy surface of a G-quadruplex-ligand to study the binding modes of the G-quadruplex (TG4T) with the daunomycin (DM) drug. The complex TG4T-DM is studied using classical molecular dynamics in combination with metadynamics simulations. The metadynamics simulations permit an enhanced sampling of the conformational space with a modest computational cost and obtain free energy surfaces in terms of the collective variables (CV). The free energy surfaces of TG4T-DM exhibit other local minima, indicating the presence of additional binding modes of daunomycin that are not observed in short MD simulations without the metadynamics approach. The results are compared with similar calculations on a different structure (the mutated mu-G4T-DM where the 5' thymines on TG4T-DM have been deleted). The results should be of help to design new G-quadruplex drugs, and understand the differences in the recognition topology sites of the duplex and quadruplex DNA structures in their interaction with ligands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=g-quadruplex" title="g-quadruplex">g-quadruplex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics" title=" molecular dynamics"> molecular dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metadynamics" title=" metadynamics"> metadynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28092/free-energy-computation-of-a-g-quadruplex-ligand-structure-a-classical-molecular-dynamics-and-metadynamics-simulation-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12010</span> Engineering Photodynamic with Radioactive Therapeutic Systems for Sustainable Molecular Polarity: Autopoiesis Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Osman%20Mohammed">Moustafa Osman Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper introduces Luhmann’s autopoietic social systems starting with the original concept of autopoiesis by biologists and scientists, including the modification of general systems based on socialized medicine. A specific type of autopoietic system is explained in the three existing groups of the ecological phenomena: interaction, social and medical sciences. This hypothesis model, nevertheless, has a nonlinear interaction with its natural environment ‘interactional cycle’ for the exchange of photon energy with molecular without any changes in topology. The external forces in the systems environment might be concomitant with the natural fluctuations’ influence (e.g. radioactive radiation, electromagnetic waves). The cantilever sensor deploys insights to the future chip processor for prevention of social metabolic systems. Thus, the circuits with resonant electric and optical properties are prototyped on board as an intra–chip inter–chip transmission for producing electromagnetic energy approximately ranges from 1.7 mA at 3.3 V to service the detection in locomotion with the least significant power losses. Nowadays, therapeutic systems are assimilated materials from embryonic stem cells to aggregate multiple functions of the vessels nature de-cellular structure for replenishment. While, the interior actuators deploy base-pair complementarity of nucleotides for the symmetric arrangement in particular bacterial nanonetworks of the sequence cycle creating double-stranded DNA strings. The DNA strands must be sequenced, assembled, and decoded in order to reconstruct the original source reliably. The design of exterior actuators have the ability in sensing different variations in the corresponding patterns regarding beat-to-beat heart rate variability (HRV) for spatial autocorrelation of molecular communication, which consists of human electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic and electrothermal energy to monitor and transfer the dynamic changes of all the cantilevers simultaneously in real-time workspace with high precision. A prototype-enabled dynamic energy sensor has been investigated in the laboratory for inclusion of nanoscale devices in the architecture with a fuzzy logic control for detection of thermal and electrostatic changes with optoelectronic devices to interpret uncertainty associated with signal interference. Ultimately, the controversial aspect of molecular frictional properties is adjusted to each other and forms its unique spatial structure modules for providing the environment mutual contribution in the investigation of mass temperature changes due to pathogenic archival architecture of clusters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autopoiesis" title="autopoiesis">autopoiesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20photonics" title=" quantum photonics"> quantum photonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portable%20energy" title=" portable energy"> portable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20structure" title=" photonic structure"> photonic structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodynamic%20therapeutic%20system" title=" photodynamic therapeutic system"> photodynamic therapeutic system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109626/engineering-photodynamic-with-radioactive-therapeutic-systems-for-sustainable-molecular-polarity-autopoiesis-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109626.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12009</span> Interaction of Glycolipid S-TGA-1 with Bacteriorhodopsin and Its Functional Role </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masataka%20Inada">Masataka Inada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masanao%20Kinoshita"> Masanao Kinoshita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nobuaki%20Matsumori"> Nobuaki Matsumori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been demonstrated that lipid molecules in biological membranes are responsible for the functionalization and structuration of membrane proteins. However, it is still unclear how the interaction of lipid molecules with membrane proteins is correlated with the function of the membrane proteins. Here we first developed an evaluation method for the interaction between membrane proteins and lipid molecules via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis. Bacteriorhodopsin (bR), which was obtained by the culture of halobacteria, was used as a membrane protein. We prepared SPR sensor chips covered with self-assembled monolayer containing mercaptocarboxylic acids, and immobilized bR onto them. Then, we evaluated the interactions with various lipids that have different structures. As a result, the halobacterium-specific glycolipid S-TGA-1 was found to have much higher affinity with bRs than other lipids. This is probably due to not only hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions but also hydrogen bonds with sugar moieties in the glycolipid. Next, we analyzed the roles of the lipid in the structuration and functionalization of bR. CD analysis showed that S-TGA-1 could promote trimerization of bR monomers more efficiently than any other lipids. Flash photolysis further indicated that bR trimers formed by S-TGA-1 reproduced the photocyclic activity of bR in purple membrane, halobacterium-membrane. These results suggest that S-TGA-1 promotes trimerization of bR through strong interactions and consequently fulfills the bR’s function efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20protein" title="membrane protein">membrane protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid" title=" lipid"> lipid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteriorhodopsin" title=" bacteriorhodopsin"> bacteriorhodopsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycolipid" title=" glycolipid"> glycolipid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72463/interaction-of-glycolipid-s-tga-1-with-bacteriorhodopsin-and-its-functional-role" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12008</span> Electrostatic and Dielectric Measurements for Hair Building Fibers from DC to Microwave Frequencies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Y.%20You">K. Y. You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20L.%20Then"> Y. L. Then</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent years, the hair building fiber has become popular, in other words, it is an effective method which helps people who suffer hair loss or sparse hair since the hair building fiber is capable to create a natural look of simulated hair rapidly. In the markets, there are a lot of hair fiber brands that have been designed to formulate an intense bond with hair strands and make the hair appear more voluminous instantly. However, those products have their own set of properties. Thus, in this report, some measurement techniques are proposed to identify those products. Up to five different brands of hair fiber are tested. The electrostatic and dielectric properties of the hair fibers are macroscopically tested using design DC and high-frequency microwave techniques. Besides, the hair fibers are microscopically analysis by magnifying the structures of the fiber using scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the SEM photos, the comparison of the uniformly shaped and broken rate of the hair fibers in the different bulk samples can be observed respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hair%20fiber" title="hair fiber">hair fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic" title=" electrostatic"> electrostatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title=" dielectric properties"> dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broken%20rate" title=" broken rate"> broken rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20techniques" title=" microwave techniques"> microwave techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25761/electrostatic-and-dielectric-measurements-for-hair-building-fibers-from-dc-to-microwave-frequencies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12007</span> Theoretical and Experimental Electrostatic Parameters Determination of 4-Methyl-N-[(5- Nitrothiophen-2-Ylmethylidene)] Aniline Compound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Boukabcha">N. Boukabcha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Megrouss"> Y. Megrouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Benhalima"> N. Benhalima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Yahiaoui"> S. Yahiaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Chouaih"> A. Chouaih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Hamzaoui"> F. Hamzaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present the electron density analysis of organic compound 4-methyl-N-[(5- nitrothiophen-2-ylmethylidene)] aniline with chemical formula C12H10N2O2S. Indeed, determining the electrostatic properties of nonlinear optical organic compounds requires knowledge of the distribution of the electron density with high precision. On the other hand, a structural analysis is performed. Two methods are used to obtain the structure, X-ray diffraction and theoretical calculation with density functional theory (DFT). The electron density study is performed using the Mopro program1503 based on the multipolar model of Hansen and Coppens. Electron density analysis allows determination of the value and orientation of the dipole moment. The net atomic charges, electrostatic potential and the molecular dipole moment have been determined in order to understand the nature of inter- and intramolecular charge transfer. The study reveals the nature of intermolecular interactions including charge transfer and hydrogen bonds in the title compound. Crystallographic data: monoclinic system - space group P21 / n. Celle parameters: a = 4.7606 (4) Å, b = 22.415 (2) Å, c = 10.7008 (15) Å, β = 92.566 (13) 0, V = 1140.7 (2) Å3, Z = 4, R = 0.0034 for 2693 observed reflections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20density" title="electron density">electron density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dipole%20moment" title=" dipole moment"> dipole moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20potential" title=" electrostatic potential"> electrostatic potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mopro" title=" Mopro"> Mopro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42322/theoretical-and-experimental-electrostatic-parameters-determination-of-4-methyl-n-5-nitrothiophen-2-ylmethylidene-aniline-compound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12006</span> Studies on Interaction between Anionic Polymer Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose with Cationic Gemini Surfactants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kamil">M. Kamil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahber%20Husain%20Khan"> Rahber Husain Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the Interaction of anionic polymer, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), with cationic gemini surfactants 2,2[(oxybis(ethane-1,2-diyl))bis(oxy)]bis(N-hexadecyl1-N,N-[di(E2)/tri(E3)]methyl1-2-oxoethanaminium)chloride (16-E2-16 and 16-E3-16) and conventional surfactant (CTAC) in aqueous solutions have been studied by surface tension measurement of binary mixtures (0.0- 0.5 wt% NaCMC and 1 mM gemini surfactant/10 mM CTAC solution). Surface tension measurements were used to determine critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The maximum surface excess concentration (Ґmax) at the air-water interface was evaluated by the Gibbs adsorption equation. The minimum area per surfactant molecule was evaluated, which indicates the surfactant-polymer Interaction in a mixed system. The effect of changing surfactant chain length on CAC and CMC values of mixed polymer-surfactant systems was examined. From the results, it was found that the gemini surfactant interacts strongly with NaCMC as compared to its corresponding monomeric counterpart CTAC. In these systems, electrostatic interactions predominate. The lowering of surface tension with an increase in the concentration of surfactants is higher in the case of gemini surfactants almost 10-15 times. The measurements indicated that the Interaction between NaCMC-CTAC resulted in complex formation. The volume of coacervate increases with an increase in CTAC concentration; however, above 0.1 wt. % concentration coacervate vanishes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anionic%20polymer" title="anionic polymer">anionic polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemni%20surfactants" title=" gemni surfactants"> gemni surfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensiometer" title=" tensiometer"> tensiometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMC" title=" CMC"> CMC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction" title=" interaction"> interaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163366/studies-on-interaction-between-anionic-polymer-sodium-carboxymethylcellulose-with-cationic-gemini-surfactants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12005</span> Least Squares Method Identification of Corona Current-Voltage Characteristics and Electromagnetic Field in Electrostatic Precipitator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Nouri">H. Nouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20E.%20Achouri"> I. E. Achouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Grimes"> A. Grimes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ait%20Said"> H. Ait Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Aissou"> M. Aissou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Zebboudj"> Y. Zebboudj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to analysis the behaviour of DC corona discharge in wire-to-plate electrostatic precipitators (ESP). Current-voltage curves are particularly analysed. Experimental results show that discharge current is strongly affected by the applied voltage. The proposed method of current identification is to use the method of least squares. Least squares problems that of into two categories: linear or ordinary least squares and non-linear least squares, depending on whether or not the residuals are linear in all unknowns. The linear least-squares problem occurs in statistical regression analysis; it has a closed-form solution. A closed-form solution (or closed form expression) is any formula that can be evaluated in a finite number of standard operations. The non-linear problem has no closed-form solution and is usually solved by iterative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20precipitator" title="electrostatic precipitator">electrostatic precipitator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current-voltage%20characteristics" title=" current-voltage characteristics"> current-voltage characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20squares%20method" title=" least squares method"> least squares method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20field" title=" electric field"> electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39751/least-squares-method-identification-of-corona-current-voltage-characteristics-and-electromagnetic-field-in-electrostatic-precipitator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12004</span> Separation of Composites for Recycling: Measurement of Electrostatic Charge of Carbon and Glass Fiber Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Thirunavukkarasu">J. Thirunavukkarasu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Poulet"> M. Poulet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Turner"> T. Turner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Pickering"> S. Pickering</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Composite waste from manufacturing can consist of different fiber materials, including blends of different fiber. Commercially, the recycling of composite waste is currently limited to carbon fiber waste and recycling glass fiber waste is currently not economically viable due to the low cost of virgin glass fiber and the reduced mechanical properties of the recovered fibers. For this reason, the recycling of hybrid fiber materials, where carbon fiber is combined with a proportion of glass fiber, cannot be processed economically. Therefore, a separation method is required to remove the glass fiber materials during the recycling process. An electrostatic separation method is chosen for this work because of the significant difference between carbon and glass fiber electrical properties. In this study, an experimental rig has been developed to measure the electrostatic charge achievable as the materials are passed through a tube. A range of particle lengths (80-100 µm, 6 mm and 12 mm), surface state conditions (0%SA, 2%SA and 6%SA), and several tube wall materials have been studied. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube and recycled without sizing agent was identified as the most suitable parameters for the electrical separation method. It was also found that shorter fiber lengths helped to encourage particle flow and attain higher charge values. These findings can be used to develop a separation process to enable the cost-effective recycling of hybrid fiber composite waste. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20charging" title="electrostatic charging">electrostatic charging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20fiber%20composites" title=" hybrid fiber composites"> hybrid fiber composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20fiber%20composites" title=" short fiber composites"> short fiber composites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138679/separation-of-composites-for-recycling-measurement-of-electrostatic-charge-of-carbon-and-glass-fiber-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20interaction%20energy&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20interaction%20energy&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20interaction%20energy&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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