CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '917f06d0df8287d1',cH: 'e8m_GInk_3jELcNrCNzap1T9RPkzAFabSweqrovwmFk-1740563381-1.2.1.1-rleFvXVFB70yTKQXemA_IGvNKUFcPMm.h3prbBYsHKtgXoHHBA6PiFlC9I18RJFU',cUPMDTk: "\/10000174\/apa?__cf_chl_tk=UysXRCkgemEcyBNZkvWfPeC_1wc8jCc3OlaHNnyVV8s-1740563381-1.0.1.1-msqUxTXZk9wjfLmDB8Mv8TZUAzfJnRjQIx8sFZezyqY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740563381',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10000174\/apa?__cf_chl_f_tk=UysXRCkgemEcyBNZkvWfPeC_1wc8jCc3OlaHNnyVV8s-1740563381-1.0.1.1-msqUxTXZk9wjfLmDB8Mv8TZUAzfJnRjQIx8sFZezyqY",md: "8un2K44hrk.Zv75RG7TVCZk8M3qkEP.cqfpAe58yKqI-1740563381-1.2.1.1-OnINzVNAyPeLKY9xDNJPHzzE.uzArXYEfZuwcK09fRb8ZhyvVL8QmBYwTGx7T1xbUNKFI3kSsJ_Jsj_CPRAZsuU6D7tUp8WNStTtJRb1GtENVkJQXia3_EFPZjqdsmQ38CdkLmrAfcm53kiaqytKt2g_jbcoLJiUYJzJuiofNFGxUf23erh2aZso_qglUhpJpIzcPunQRFLnFg2CWR6.2_.Y1yiIu2u.TpJPX992EGPiU.ddOZAqEcJzCkJ2PtqYKkGdO_YbAlnfzsqAu_9tC1d6hiDI3UtYSsU9KfstyLSGGrNuYkr9OpxgS3_szAExUY5CDUrDs4pOUQCFhjDojqYH4EyO4DX8ma9fmV.2_6.5I2L2mcbXNLrsQO4hqyZtRmryemaACJ05IAocT7CYmjw25kJnaLBU4_Oo8KHZF_yPecaCO0VvpW2vF7a3ErNHjzVCNBiSnRNNQnvE0XiSrY547SoBbG0SXwx4UNtowMUmYQJjYeJMxcKbMUWtXJyhOxOuYgTdP7osKEt6m7KPnt.XSe_vYWbrPcrQ5Z9XiyP5Pn6oXvcMOB84CTn.2BQtVUQC84p5vRPtAAjg3Wb3e85Oi2Teko134sqEQJiucdP6QCm9aKZTRJiJcDoQhozHFH.3w987Yb4Jzz1pzgSMYnzuvi_N3SxDM9lLg781CsqHfNEOHWph3ohKS1n7OraoxFA0t.jafHmcXBFmZKLCH8x4Ep0EzQpm4fcCvVipI.cenUhimyZcqQ220Q9C.v_Xv70JgPZjMzWf93i4DumzBDOCSrC2Ge4MH53duPqGb9jRd4M3hWAShXYHUxlfHYybC9SIAwQMmk9Z6WUEQeOvQ.CwHJ3LKFy5c827VVj.n6DA6VlsaHnBRVSm5uA4nG2w3z9jSVKLe1a_w3CMWBPax.Cnxa.Oz_suDjHwvEoWisOMaEiuEZQH0UlEtaVRrQkG3VNhU59AfEnxFjjp_VeXoIiQPp4VYwDRtNAtJP1Wm8kNRUyyf0VNavV7sFErYdt3F_7LzdEsST1WIUR7Yh8ZsXy0tgabRLiQlgGDH00EnO3xeBVMWp4CCyk6wSHNa48sqgYV4yOy22QSuO20YqC7x.vFILNiJrlGsOiBSz6peRXPfSfnqj5W_iYFT_NDbbtCR0oDreDoIahZwOeAtFDgJt66PeFkiFQBIRiYK9IT8znjDWKpkzAnsEfA.E4EZeoDyPovLhAjgJjVguZGtNjCbcApdkQFVvmYcpRGOd7rETPM_GrPQ1hB.tcqlSIOY_a.jGOvBLDbNg8X_f3DH3IjKRrco4Pv1daixH6gKylD2frIOJiru_.RvVvVTceTVQaPn6zLipHa62Z4fzChwcA_qIVTXWGlTNHzUqk9znp5EgbP62Yn8iOJg0edtF4YwOVOx.Nb2D1jUeb029OuvAzB34YXnAsndf4J1rye0.9cKUKyujs1mVfDDArcckaU9ixc0yJafs7adhgm6oQd2WfwUYmCYR3elmDTrop1BgqH1QPNIHfKi56bOWGANEk28aG1f6GoU.rxaQvwWW.ArLbHtIyFHOKwH.tkqsxfptKZ8Dvtw1FqG0uhE5xulnXb6d4uFz0uBdO61VlXdHrVL1lTY3w1iONHiLcTTLue_K_yRCu7U.UxY19hCrO70pKRLySKMb1Jz29xcDT3z_Kx.5XXgkxYzip_9IMP5EXjtzlKCYGwXJrSQkZNjrzVqMtuH5kR4BdxUtU2gjAtotSijU3oMi4S97qo55BJk0St5U9KbkW_D.5s5eqmH5FW7kLooe7BARqkhYjoOoUyCCKW2ZV9Khcuk70FfLjqTqEQ1.rDmc.wkeh._3yKctBQ2l_eUC9Edu4G4yxj64Lu5QxS5qM.nPx8GChZ4THMORo.Lmk6MU4",mdrd: "vdGP.XEYLjpJPenAsXuf.zlj7UIea2GqKMldOYshqCQ-1740563381-1.2.1.1-5o8oOfh.9V.94j18aFBJ1RS.ZBQiD2MgyBSmZA9Y9pz7V1RCsZnI4wjbd5aHBjKdoJtg8yETSlai4JIdTmfms1Gz_wAjXAC0Eyn49Yk954XrhJUih_gPWFkRLGYoi.P_N2FaGbbmMC_49v3NzZRrjMaMafw6ayAYpdzR6rjNfmEwQWxpKu5X7fSCC5Ef8J2VoEoD_oM0j3V6X5063RQW05QwlXvchs6CoVwQ3HUq.bmXf70WLXlsFEnDbqcQkku_fWmv9NBy9SOR9dy18QamCDbrcKwfJ3T_uWJQAtHU12cxYaTm4XXrGZJTqXmWQBg9ibWIwm1ujS51GX8y0_dDm5QuUhxdEXCFh8OpkGYla1Le6rMYcllydJiDre3xUtVx.JaBeiNKrWavfRbTNeKJsOoKcOboiSBX2gpCpZ5Mfck.tylAVuqHB2AtOYOgp9wOj3zC7ksw4z.QY76Vo0856f_m.b559UyQs68bXa5zm_1QXRreSLXXT9E2os9vzfn.1dyATetmDs8D_MsOA3vNGul12bRmzDbvesvMbw46e7hHQPomcKe7E.5OYM7HJpj3rVHKakBZ141d0Rus77ASO7o0IDexua7lgAYAaQEXYw_09TpRnp8tNukRmIg.quclBwfntcZoiniXzi7oiWRjRXXyZe2aq7vYbtIXnDXiDUwIZUDG0JUVUHMIhlcTdxSkHRsKDQxIYh.UraVz9xdAM7w2S3dzhU8bTPOnvuNp0A.h08mNqTGwuITY.VES5GZjfZkn8MhJOgujYBxL7x4LkYAstIxZzNWjXIJAAigjNwt5epIAVONjuodag6a0FXLyC.SzW8YVcng2tdeXhi_vLN5fBqyyRlcWUlDQmIA9.R3TQjMsRlQYldWEwH63Vp1UqCxNfGJCB__Q9gMDDUmOUKUsmdW4P8X2k75uAO8QK2u7INEkj_33a28tizYcyHxFSy1mjFHWtCvi06zn9jv3bmKKTZV9v6Ux9HL3FtLC4MeSYpoXcPjPqHLq9ZquIl79VqOEL_SIkWdMA89iOPSY0rwfjb3mq8.fUTZhZEDeUE0bvqAjOLXJzbz_thM6bB5zxwQhkJrFIW3wwp6yqV283r7pTfT9LgyAp0eMCmF20nODTV3tACclTLSp94iehwaT2jZpzwqGXyOyijOktlRhlrYK3iBaCMtIvYmzzwQkEsfTqqXNVjcB0Jgk00QG6f0aHg4RhQUKvBQXvjL_eIDMYreBCSS5LUKT3bxDMmVit0hiFDAxY7xEgpU3PNqidrxVArk2Cs0QEMABSPM3CCzsn.hMB5Fs_YC2lu4BGgEyjWA5rjt14lZpG5LXTO9mK6GN7xtXTlVzFOhZC4zCHpmDWtJL9Reeo_KHD7IRK7gRwbF1Yo_8IJwbZTwwBxBICuaBZ6675beZZ6UouTM2rgcmeOCY90A7BfzXOV4jNnDRWePAb2chPxjshphUDjoHqBecW5UzafQv8guvGztUrg9V9H8MImUcykBHsQ81kBSBVcZt.m3D58wo7pzwKpjxQTi8jScH4zsDXfs7NaVDC2j_Fg3aYtK9nY5hnL36qKikepxGuehPhtRDKiKSwU6JwGHdFANkDOb16.AQHbHx109dmZmR9GHrko9POssLB1IyfTHquIf6MOvmR9kIhPNAFyFEDtV._JsGMlf8bsEhn.fB0y1a1OGrQ0DQsu988onGQMMtUPUibnpBYI7TQnAS.L9ADU4YNO9fGbUHANBQPAUAFhHYP2MKzARqQ_fyhb5hRS4J3j34PCjCgtCgDCVVcBbMCiQwS9p07W_H1PkVFlouaqV7O3Mg4MdJOTgRdd4W_rdhDWop.TyMmbN2B.x2kXFAfAYZ3SoMOsEmJvilW6WQrBRUKPq5UkfGpzFo2SV41QoYUmbYwQwT0ph_0pgZt5VvT2sGTxR.HWY._RFZhvElhqgjV7iEqJYOxtY55zEmzP3hygaSESvHyc6LHbDyB6Rk"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=917f06d0df8287d1';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10000174\/apa?__cf_chl_rt_tk=UysXRCkgemEcyBNZkvWfPeC_1wc8jCc3OlaHNnyVV8s-1740563381-1.0.1.1-msqUxTXZk9wjfLmDB8Mv8TZUAzfJnRjQIx8sFZezyqY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>