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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Argentine artist (1941–2002)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Oscar Bony</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Oscar Rubén Bony</div><br />June 10, 1941<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Posadas,_Misiones" title="Posadas, Misiones">Posadas, Misiones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">2002<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Argentina</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Argentinian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data">Colegio de Posadas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>La Familia Obrera</i> (the working-class family),<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Fue, ni Fue, Nunca lo sabremos</i> (it was him, it was not him, we will never know)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual Art</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.oscarbony.com/">https://www.oscarbony.com/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Oscar Rubén Bony</b> (1941–2002) was an <a href="/wiki/Argentines" title="Argentines">Argentine</a> <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> artist known for his innovative and daring work. Bony was a very active artist who exhibited his work often. He wanted his work to make a huge statement, by having the public experience the events occurring in Argentina's culture while capturing innocence, guilty, and the people being trapped. He wanted his people to open their eyes to the injustice that was happening to the people and how life was for the less fortunate.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born on June 10, 1941, in the city of <a href="/wiki/Posadas,_Misiones" title="Posadas, Misiones">Posadas</a>, in the northern <a href="/wiki/Misiones_Province" title="Misiones Province">province of Misiones</a>. His mother was Emma Martinez, a Paraguayan who worked as a teacher; and his father was Luciano Roman Bony, an Argentine, who worked as a wrangler and saddle maker. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Training">Training</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bony graduated from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colegio_de_Posadas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colegio de Posadas (page does not exist)">Colegio de Posadas</a> with an undergraduate degree and began his artistic training with Lucas Braulio Areco.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the age of 17, Oscar Bony began studying painting with a local professor. In 1959, he received a grant to travel to Buenos Aires to study at the Escuela Preparatoria de Bellas Artes.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, in the 1960s, he trained at the prestigious <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Torcuato_di_Tella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Torcuato di Tella (page does not exist)">Instituto Torcuato di Tella</a> in Buenos Aires. Despite this training, he considered himself a self-taught artist. From 1965 to 1968, he experienced many different movements of art, which ranged from pop art, minimalism, and conceptual art. This positioned him in the midst of a radical movement—the avant-garde movement then taking place in alternative galleries in Argentina.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As he continued with his career, he held many important public positions for many years revolving around art. </p><p>From 1959 to 1963, Bony took classes at the Demetrio Urruchua and Juan Carlos Castagnino's studios. Oscar worked as an assistant for Antonio Berni He focused on imagery, and this phase of his life revealed a certain expression of realism, which then moved him towards the new figuration movement. For his early art, he proclaimed himself to be self-taught but later in life, he stopped working with art and began practicing photography.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a photographer for a record label group in Argentina between 1967 and 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout his career and work, he did many different positions. With those different positions, Bony learned the basics of his craft from Areco, but he always considered himself to be self taught.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bony moved to <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> after <a href="/wiki/1976_Argentine_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1976 Argentine coup d'état">Argentina's military coup in 1976</a>, returning to Argentina only after the end of the dictatorship in 1988. His work ranged from painting to live installations to video, finally focusing primarily on photography towards the end of his life. His work dealt predominantly with the theme of violence. Bony produced work on the theme of suicide, justice, execution and death.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oscar Bony died in 2002 when he was 61 years of age. Despite his late work on the topic of suicide, he did not commit suicide himself, as most people would think, but rather died of an intestinal disease that was not yet fully diagnosed.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would end up showing through his artwork, because it is embedded with ethical frustration and despair. It seemed like he would use his artwork and photography to display the pain as well as quite possibly depression that he may have been going through due to the disease he was living with. Just before his death,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was working on his suicide series which could be interpreted as him wanting to end his life as well as his suffering. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards/Exhibitions"><span id="Awards.2FExhibitions"></span>Awards/Exhibitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards/Exhibitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oscar Bony won many awards:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1955 - 1st student prize for office of culture of the province of Missiones, Posadas. </p><p>1958 - 1st prize in Semana Del Mar </p><p>1958 - 1st prize in Amigos del Arte </p><p>1962 - 1st prize in Salon de Artes Plasticas de Missiones. </p><p>1963 - honorable mention in Salon de Rosario a </p><p>1963 - honorable mention in Salon de Artes Del Mar del Plata </p><p>1963 - Salon annual Museo Provincio de Bellas Artes Rosa Galisteo de Rodriguez. </p><p>1965 - honorary prize in Premio de Honor ver estimar </p><p>1976 - 1st prize in Marcelo de Ridder Prize </p><p>1976 - Banco del Acuerdo Prize </p><p>1996 - Artist of the Year<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1997 - Artist of the Year<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1998 - Artistic Creativity Prize </p><p>1998 - Candidate for Abraham Haber Photographer of the Year Prize </p><p>1998 - Aldo Pellegrini Photographer of the Year Prize </p><p>1999 - honorable mention in the Costantini 99 prize </p><p>2001 - honorable mention in Segundo Premio Banco de la Nation Argentina a las Artes Visuales. In 2002, all of the prizes and awards he won in Buenos Aires, Argentina. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exhibitions">Exhibitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Exhibitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oscar Bony participated in many exhibitions. Starting from 1958 and ending in 2007, his first exhibition in 1958 was the Ciclo de Becarios to his last exhibition which was El Amigo Abros. His work went on to be exhibited 5 years after his death. He also was involved in many group exhibitions starting in the 1960s on to today. The most popular one that he was involved with, the most well known, was <a href="/wiki/Experiencias_%2768" title="Experiencias '68">Experencias '68</a>, but he was also shown in From Figurations to System Art in London in 1971, as well as Otra Fotografia in Buenos Aires in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bony's work was the subject of a retrospective, "Oscar Bony: el Mago," at the <a href="/wiki/Museo_de_Arte_Latinoamericano_de_Buenos_Aires" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires">Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires</a> from November 2007 to February 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artwork">Artwork</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Artwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><i>La Familia Obrera (The Working Class Family)</i>, 1968.</b> His most famous work is <i>La Familia Obrera </i>(<i>The Working Class Family</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:5_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was a controversial installation that consisted of an actual working-class family seated on a pedestal for eight hours. Bony used and paid a working-class family to sit in the gallery while recorded sounds of their everyday life played in the background. First executed for the influential exhibition <a href="/wiki/Experiencias_%2768" title="Experiencias '68">Experiencias '68</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_Torcuato_Di_Tella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto Torcuato Di Tella (page does not exist)">Instituto Torcuato Di Tella</a>, the work was recreated in a 2004 exhibit at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Houston_Museum_of_Modern_Art&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Houston Museum of Modern Art (page does not exist)">Houston Museum of Modern Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The performance drew attention to questions of class and inequality not discussed in the mainstream Argentinian press.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Experiencias '68 was considered subversive, in part because of Bony's artwork, and was censored by the police. </p><p><b><i>60 Metros Cuadrados y su Informacion</i> (<i>60 Square Meters and its Information</i>), 1967.</b> Bony's installation <i>60 metros cuadrados y su informacion</i> <i>(60 Square meters and its information)</i> was first shown as part of Experiencias Visuales 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This work comprises 60 square meters of chain-link fence on the floor of the gallery with film projector screening a detail of the fencing. The visitors were encouraged to walk on the fencing to fully engaged with the experience of being held captive.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spectators' experience walking on this surface is contrasted with the projected image. </p><p><b><i>Fue, no Fue, Nunca Los Sabremos</i> (<i>It was him, It was not him, We will never know</i>), 1998.</b> This artwork fell under the series of photographs that he did titled <i>Suicidios</i> (<i>Suicide</i>). This depicts the death of the subject-author. The images do not only evoke or allude to violence that cannot be seen, but also draw to real violence that is in the making. In this series Oscar exposes violence, while leaving the work riddled with bullets. The words "fue, no fue" are written on a piece of paper held by a masked subject. These words are used as way to describe the innocence or guilt of the person.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Additional_Artwork">Additional Artwork</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Additional Artwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>- Sin Titulo,</i> 1986 (Herlitzaka + Faria) </p><p><b>- Pan American Art project</b><sup id="cite_ref-:7_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>- Kriminal</i>, 1998. This is a photograph of a man shot dead on a staircase behind glass shot with a 9-millimeter pistol. With this photograph Oscar Bony is alluding to the idea of death and violence. </p><p><i>- La Ley Divina No tiene Porgue ser Justa (The Divine law doesn't have to be fair), 1998</i> </p><p><i>- Los Cielos (The Skies)</i> 1975 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVicario2017" class="citation journal cs1">Vicario, Niko (2017-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162/ARTM_a_00176">"Oscar Bony's La Familia Obrera: The Labor and the Work1"</a>. <i>ARTMargins</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 50–71. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2FARTM_a_00176">10.1162/ARTM_a_00176</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2162-2574">2162-2574</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ARTMargins&rft.atitle=Oscar+Bony%27s+La+Familia+Obrera%3A+The+Labor+and+the+Work1&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=50-71&rft.date=2017-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2FARTM_a_00176&rft.issn=2162-2574&rft.aulast=Vicario&rft.aufirst=Niko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1162%2FARTM_a_00176&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundacionkonex.org/">"Oscar Rubén Bony | Fundación Konex"</a>. <i>www.fundacionkonex.org</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fundacionkonex.org&rft.atitle=Oscar+Rub%C3%A9n+Bony+%7C+Fundaci%C3%B3n+Konex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundacionkonex.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamnitzer2009" class="citation book cs1">Camnitzer, Luis (2009). <i>On Art, Artists, Latin America, and other Utopias</i>. United States: University of Texas Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Art%2C+Artists%2C+Latin+America%2C+and+other+Utopias&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Camnitzer&rft.aufirst=Luis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9850546/_Between_Organism_and_Sky_Oscar_Bony_1965-1976_Caiana_4_primer_semestre_2014_">"Between Organisms and Sky"</a>. <i>Academia</i>. 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academia&rft.atitle=Between+Organisms+and+Sky&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F9850546%2F_Between_Organism_and_Sky_Oscar_Bony_1965-1976_Caiana_4_primer_semestre_2014_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBony1995" class="citation web cs1">Bony, Oscar (1995). [bio/ "Oscar Bony (1941-2002)"]. <i>The Estate of Oscar Bony</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Estate+of+Oscar+Bony&rft.atitle=Oscar+Bony+%281941-2002%29&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Bony&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft_id=bio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/187729?artist_id=39391&locale=en&page=1&sov_referrer=artist">La Familia obrera</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamírezOlea2004" class="citation book cs1">Ramírez, Mari Carmen; Olea, Héctor (2004). <i>Inverted Utopias: Avant-Garde Art in Latin America</i>. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300102697" title="Special:BookSources/9780300102697"><bdi>9780300102697</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inverted+Utopias%3A+Avant-Garde+Art+in+Latin+America&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780300102697&rft.aulast=Ram%C3%ADrez&rft.aufirst=Mari+Carmen&rft.au=Olea%2C+H%C3%A9ctor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBony2018" class="citation web cs1">Bony (May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscarbony.com/OB_Awards-Prizes_&_Distinctions.pdf">"Awards prize and Distinctions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>pdf file</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pdf+file&rft.atitle=Awards+prize+and+Distinctions&rft.date=2018-05&rft.au=Bony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscarbony.com%2FOB_Awards-Prizes_%26_Distinctions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBony2019" class="citation web cs1">Bony, Oscar (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oscarbony.com/OB_Exhibitions-list_1958-2018.pdf">"EXHIBITIONS LIST"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>EXHIBITIONS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EXHIBITIONS&rft.atitle=EXHIBITIONS+LIST&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Bony&rft.aufirst=Oscar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oscarbony.com%2FOB_Exhibitions-list_1958-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/187729?artist_id=39391&locale=en&page=1&sov_referrer=artist">60 metros cuadrados y su informacion</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFabio2012" class="citation news cs1">Fabio (October 31, 2012). "Oscar Bony File Blog". <i>File Magazine</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1162%2FARTM_a_00176">10.1162/ARTM_a_00176</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=File+Magazine&rft.atitle=Oscar+Bony+File+Blog&rft.date=2012-10-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2FARTM_a_00176&rft.au=Fabio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOscar+Bony" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000078672350">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5843730">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1722685/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxrXFF6xcGqhYVyWck7HC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/123551455">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2001004212">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000040880">Argentina</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500124520">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/84c8104e-8a90-4e2e-8cfa-6fd6f62f2dd0">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/251738">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/39391">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/384587">Photographers' Identities</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/085597112">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6v48kzk">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&oldid=1171431213">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oscar_Bony&oldid=1171431213</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1941_births" title="Category:1941 births">1941 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2002_deaths" title="Category:2002 deaths">2002 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Argentine_artists" title="Category:Argentine artists">Argentine artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Argentine_contemporary_artists" title="Category:Argentine contemporary artists">Argentine contemporary artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Argentine_people_of_British_descent" title="Category:Argentine people of British descent">Argentine people of British descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Argentine_people_of_American_descent" title="Category:Argentine people of American descent">Argentine people of American descent</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_URL" title="Category:CS1 errors: URL">CS1 errors: URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div 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