Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City | Environmental Science & Sustainable Development

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Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City | Environmental Science & Sustainable Development </title> <meta name="generator" content="Open Journal Systems 3.3.0.13"> <link rel="schema.DC" href="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Ruá María José"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Huedo Patricia"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Cabeza Manuel"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Saez Beatriz"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Civera Vicente"/> <meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-03-30"/> <meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-03-30"/> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2019-03-30"/> <meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2024-07-31"/> <meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="In the urban context, buildings play a key role as they are energy consumers. In well-established cities with a high percentage of aged building stock, the focus should lie on sensitive urban areas where the weakest population sectors and the worst physico-economic conditions are usually encountered. In this work, the energy refurbishment of social housing is proposed. A block of municipally owned buildings is selected as a case study to consider that public buildings play an exemplary role according to Directive 2012/27/EU. The group is formed by 12 buildings, which account for 120 dwellings.This study is grounded on two levels. First the urban level. The building is located in a prioritised urban Area of Rehabilitation, Renovation and Urban Regeneration (ARRU), according to the new local Land Plan. This area presents multidimensional vulnerability and considers urban, building, socio-demographic and socio-economic features. Second, the building presents very low energy performance. It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards.Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. Having in mind that the building is intended for social housing, energy poverty situations could be avoided, as dwellings are inhabited by low-income dwellers."/> <meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="490"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="44 - 59"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.21625/essd.v4i1.490"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/view/490"/> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2019 Ruá María José, Huedo Patricia, Cabeza Manuel, Saez Beatriz, Civera Vicente"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"/> <meta name="DC.Source" content="Environmental Science & Sustainable Development"/> <meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="2357-0857"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="1"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="4"/> <meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Rehabilitation"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Social Housing"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Energy Performance"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Vulnerability"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Urban Areas"/> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City"/> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/> <meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Research Papers"/> <meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Environmental Science & Sustainable Development"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="ESSD"/> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2357-0857"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Ruá María José"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Huedo Patricia"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Cabeza Manuel"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Saez Beatriz"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Civera Vicente"/> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="en"/> <meta name="citation_date" content="2019/03/30"/> <meta name="citation_volume" content="4"/> <meta name="citation_issue" content="1"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="44"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="59"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.21625/essd.v4i1.490"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/view/490"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Rehabilitation"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Social Housing"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Energy Performance"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Vulnerability"/> <meta name="citation_keywords" xml:lang="en" content="Urban Areas"/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/download/490/454"/> <meta name="citation_reference" content="Alguacil, S., Lufkina, S., Reya, E. & Cuchí, A. 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It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards.Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. 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The building is located in a prioritised urban Area of Rehabilitation, Renovation and Urban Regeneration (ARRU), according to the new local Land Plan. This area presents multidimensional vulnerability and considers urban, building, socio-demographic and socio-economic features. Second, the building presents very low energy performance. It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards.Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. Having in mind that the building is intended for social housing, energy poverty situations could be avoided, as dwellings are inhabited by low-income dwellers."> <meta name="copyright" content="Environmental Science & Sustainable Development - " /> <meta name="keywords" content="Rehabilitation,Social Housing,Energy Performance,Vulnerability,Urban Areas">  <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/view/490"> <meta property="og:title" content="Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City"> <meta property="og:description" content="In the urban context, buildings play a key role as they are energy consumers. In well-established cities with a high percentage of aged building stock, the focus should lie on sensitive urban areas where the weakest population sectors and the worst physico-economic conditions are usually encountered. In this work, the energy refurbishment of social housing is proposed. A block of municipally owned buildings is selected as a case study to consider that public buildings play an exemplary role according to Directive 2012/27/EU. The group is formed by 12 buildings, which account for 120 dwellings. This study is grounded on two levels. First the urban level. The building is located in a prioritised urban Area of Rehabilitation, Renovation and Urban Regeneration (ARRU), according to the new local Land Plan. This area presents multidimensional vulnerability and considers urban, building, socio-demographic and socio-economic features. Second, the building presents very low energy performance. It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards. Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. Having in mind that the building is intended for social housing, energy poverty situations could be avoided, as dwellings are inhabited by low-income dwellers.">  <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta property="twitter:url" content="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/view/490"> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City"> <meta property="twitter:description" content="In the urban context, buildings play a key role as they are energy consumers. In well-established cities with a high percentage of aged building stock, the focus should lie on sensitive urban areas where the weakest population sectors and the worst physico-economic conditions are usually encountered. In this work, the energy refurbishment of social housing is proposed. A block of municipally owned buildings is selected as a case study to consider that public buildings play an exemplary role according to Directive 2012/27/EU. The group is formed by 12 buildings, which account for 120 dwellings. This study is grounded on two levels. First the urban level. The building is located in a prioritised urban Area of Rehabilitation, Renovation and Urban Regeneration (ARRU), according to the new local Land Plan. This area presents multidimensional vulnerability and considers urban, building, socio-demographic and socio-economic features. Second, the building presents very low energy performance. It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards. Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. 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Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City </h1> </div> <div class="author_section col-md-12 mt-2"> <div class="item"> <span class="author my-4"> <i class="fa fa-envelope-o" style="color: #84b9f5" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" title="rua@uji.es"> </i> Ruá María José <sup>(1)</sup><span>,</span> </span> <span class="author my-4"> Huedo Patricia <sup>(2)</sup><span>,</span> </span> <span class="author my-4"> Cabeza Manuel <sup>(3)</sup><span>,</span> </span> <span class="author my-4"> Saez Beatriz <sup>(4)</sup><span>,</span> </span> <span class="author my-4"> Civera Vicente <sup>(5)</sup> </span> </div> <div class="item mt-2" style="font-style: italic; font-size:0.8em; color:#6e6e6e;"> <div> (1) <span class="author-affiliation" data-author-id="764">Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain</span><span class="author-country" data-author-id="764">, Spain</span><span class="author-affiliation-last-comma" data-author-id="764">,</span> </div> <div> (2) <span class="author-affiliation" data-author-id="765">Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain</span><span class="author-country" data-author-id="765">, Spain</span><span class="author-affiliation-last-comma" data-author-id="765">,</span> </div> <div> (3) <span class="author-affiliation" data-author-id="766">Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain</span><span class="author-country" data-author-id="766">, Spain</span><span class="author-affiliation-last-comma" data-author-id="766">,</span> </div> <div> (4) <span class="author-affiliation" data-author-id="767">Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain</span><span class="author-country" data-author-id="767">, Spain</span><span class="author-affiliation-last-comma" data-author-id="767">,</span> </div> <div> (5) <span class="author-affiliation" data-author-id="768">Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain</span><span class="author-country" data-author-id="768">, Spain</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="doi_dimension col-md-12 my-2"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="doi"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i1.490"> https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i1.490 </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__ pull-lg-right" data-doi="10.21625/essd.v4i1.490" data-style="large_rectangle"></span> </div> </div> <div class="crossmark">  <a href="#" class="crossmark_button ml-auto" data-target="crossmark"> <img src="https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/logos/CROSSMARK_Color_horizontal.svg" width="150" /> </a>  </div> <script async src="https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/widget.js"></script> </div> </header> <div class="row article_content"> <section class="article-sidebar col-md-12"> <h2 class="sr-only">Article Sidebar</h2> <div class="list-group col-md-12 pr-0"> <div class="row mb-4"> <div class="issue_identification col-md-6"> <strong>Issue</strong></br> <a class="title" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/issue/view/19"> Vol. 4 Issue 1 (2019): Improving Sustainability Concept: From Theories to Successful Practices (Special Issue) </a> </div> <div class="col-md-6 date-list pr-0 py-4"> <div class="detail col-md-6 col-xs-6 "> <strong>Submitted</strong> </br> <span class="date">March 30, 2019</span> </div> <div class="detail col-md-6 col-xs-6 pull-right"> <strong>Published</strong></br> <span class="date">March 30, 2019</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="keywords pt-4 pt-md-0"> <strong> Keywords:</strong> <div class="item"> <ul class="value mb-4 pt-2 pb-4 pt-md-0 pb-md-0 mb-md-0 pl-0"> Rehabilitation, Social Housing, Energy Performance, Vulnerability, Urban Areas </ul> </div> </div> <div class="download col-md-12 col-xs-12 pl-0"> <a class="galley-link btn btn-primary pdf" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/article/view/490/454"> PDF </a> </div> </div> </section> <div class="row tabbed_section"> <div class="col-md-12 article_content"> <div class="tabbable-panel px-4 mx-2"> <div class="tabbable-line"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs "> <li class="active"> <a href="#abstract" data-toggle="tab"> <svg class="icon line-color" width="18" height="18" id="folder-alt" data-name="line color" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="primary" d="M3,20V5A1,1,0,0,1,4,4H8a1,1,0,0,1,.71.29l2.41,2.42a1,1,0,0,0,.71.29H17a1,1,0,0,1,1,1v3" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(101, 45, 144); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </path> <polygon id="secondary" points="18 20 21 11 7 11 3 20 18 20" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(246, 146, 30); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </polygon> </svg> Abstract </a> </li> <li> <a href="#authors" data-toggle="tab"> <i class="fa fa-user"></i> Authors </a> </li> <li> <a href="#citation" data-toggle="tab"> <svg class="icon line-color" width="18" height="18" id="create-note" data-name="Line color" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="secondary" d="M10.17,11l6.88-6.88A2.09,2.09,0,0,1,20,4h0a2.09,2.09,0,0,1-.12,3L13,13.83M10.17,11,9,15l4-1.17" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(246, 146, 30); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </path> <path id="primary" d="M12,3H4A1,1,0,0,0,3,4V20a1,1,0,0,0,1,1H20a1,1,0,0,0,1-1V12" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(101, 45, 144); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </path> </svg> How to Cite </a> </li> <li> <a href="#licensing" data-toggle="tab"> <svg class="icon line-color" width="18" height="18" id="link-alt2" data-name="Line color" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="primary" d="M14.5,9.5a3.54,3.54,0,0,1,0,5l-5,5a3.54,3.54,0,0,1-5,0h0a3.54,3.54,0,0,1,0-5" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(101, 45, 144); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </path> <path id="secondary" d="M19.5,9.5a3.54,3.54,0,0,0,0-5h0a3.54,3.54,0,0,0-5,0l-5,5a3.54,3.54,0,0,0,0,5h0" style="fill: none; stroke: rgb(246, 146, 30); stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5;"> </path> </svg> License </a> </li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane fade in active" id="abstract"> <div class="article-summary animatedParent" id="summary"> <h2 class="animated fadeIn">Abstract</h2> <div class="article-abstract"> <p>In the urban context, buildings play a key role as they are energy consumers. In well-established cities with a high percentage of aged building stock, the focus should lie on sensitive urban areas where the weakest population sectors and the worst physico-economic conditions are usually encountered. In this work, the energy refurbishment of social housing is proposed. A block of municipally owned buildings is selected as a case study to consider that public buildings play an exemplary role according to Directive 2012/27/EU. The group is formed by 12 buildings, which account for 120 dwellings.</p><p>This study is grounded on two levels. First the urban level. The building is located in a prioritised urban Area of Rehabilitation, Renovation and Urban Regeneration (ARRU), according to the new local Land Plan. This area presents multidimensional vulnerability and considers urban, building, socio-demographic and socio-economic features. Second, the building presents very low energy performance. It was built in 1959 when a high demand of dwellings and the economic resources then available led to low-quality buildings that are far from meeting today’s standards.</p>Some proposals are made, having in mind the specific features of the urban context. The energy refurbishment of the building is proposed, selecting the optimal solution, considering technical, environmental and economic criteria. The energy performance simulation shows a remarkable improvement of the energy performance, resulting in an improvement of the thermal comfort of the dwellers. Besides, a reduction in the energy consumption is reached, which would reduce the energy bills and, on the other hand, a reduction of the carbon emissions to the atmosphere, contributing to a better environment quality. Having in mind that the building is intended for social housing, energy poverty situations could be avoided, as dwellings are inhabited by low-income dwellers. </div> </div> <div class="XML_generated"> <div class="xml_description row "> <div class="col-md-6"> <h2 class="full_articles"> Full text article</h2> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <small class="pull-right">Generated from XML file </small> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> <div class="article-references mt-4 pt-2 animatedParent"> <h2 class="animated fadeIn slow">References</h2> <div class="article-references-content"> <p>Alguacil, S., Lufkina, S., Reya, E. & Cuchí, A. (2017). Application of the cost-optimal methodology to urban renewal projects at the territorial scale based on statistical data. A case study in Spain. Energy and Buildings,144, 42-60. </p> <p>De Ayala, A., Galarraga, I. & Spadaro, JV. (2016). The price of energy efficiency in the Spanish housing market. Energy Policy,94, 16-24. </p> <p>Hamdy, M., Hasan, A. & Siren, K. (2011). Applying a multi-objective optimization approach for Design of low-emission cost-effective dwellings. Building and Environment, 46, 109-123. </p> <p>Decree 11 March 1941, on restriction on the use of iron in buildings. Official Spanish Gazette 71, 12 March 1941. </p> <p>Escandón, R., Suárez, R. & Sendra, JJ. (2016). Protocol for the energy behaviour assessment of social housing stock: the case of southern Europe. Energy Procedia,96, 907-915. </p> <p>García-Bernal, D., Huedo, P., Babiloni, S., Braulio, M., Carrascosa, C., Civera, V., Ruá, MJ. & Agost-Felip, MR. (2017). Estudio y propuesta de áreas de rehabilitación, regeneración y renovación urbana, con motivo de la tramitación del Plan General Estructural de Castellón de la Plana. Retrieved from: <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_I.pdf;">https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_I.pdf;</a> <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_II.pdf">https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_II.pdf</a>, <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_III.pdf;">https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_III.pdf;</a> and <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_IV.pdf">https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/urbanismo/TOMO_IV.pdf</a>. </p> <p>Gómez-Jiménez, ML., (2004). La intervención administrativa en el sector de la vivienda (Doctoral dissertation). Universidad de Málaga. </p> <p>Huedo, P., Mulet, E. & Lopez-Mesa, B. (2016). A model for the sustainable selection of building envelope assemblies. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 57, 63-77. </p> <p>Law 19 April 1939, on Protection to Low-Income Housing System and establishment of National Housing Institute. Official Spanish Gazette 110, 20 April 1939 </p> <p>Law 5/2014, 25 July 2014, on Territorial Planning, Urban Planning and Landscape, Valencian Community, LOTUP, 2014. Official Valencian Community Gazette 7329, 31 July 2014 and Official Spanish Gazette 231, 23 September 2014. Articles 35 and 72. </p> <p>Martín-Consuegra, F., Hernández-Aja, A., Oteiza, I. & Alonso, C. (2016). Energy needs and vulnerability estimation at an urban scale for residential neighbourhoods heating in Madrid (Spain), presented at 32th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Proceedings of PLEA16, 3, 1413-1418, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Los Angeles, July 11-13. Retrieved from: <a href="http://oa.upm.es/44264/">http://oa.upm.es/44264/</a>. </p> <p>Ruá MJ., López-Mesa, B. Spanish energy rating labelling of buildings and its cost implications. Informes de la Construcción, 2012; 64: 307-318. </p> <p>Ruá, MJ., Huedo, P., Agost-Felip, MR., Braulio-Gonzalo, M., Civera, V., García-Bernal, D. & Babiloni, S. (2017). Defining the Areas of Rehabilitation, Regeneration and Renewal in Castellón de la Plana (Spain). Using a Geographical Information System in Urban Planning, presented at International symposium Integration of art and technology in architecture and urban planning, University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Bydgoszcz (Poland), 8-9 June 2017. Bydgoszcz: Wydawnictwa Uczelniane Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego. </p> <p>Sambricio, C. (2004). Madrid, Vivienda y urbanismo: 1900-1960. Madrid: Arkal Arquitectura. </p> <p>Sierra-Pérez, J., Boschmonart-Rives, J. & Gabarrell, X. (2016). Environmental assessment of façade-building systems and thermal insulation materials for different climatic conditions. Journal of Cleaner Production,113, 102-113. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade" id="authors"> <h2 class="">Authors</h2> <div class="authors"> <div class="author my-4"> <strong>Ruá María José</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain </div> <div class="primary_contact"> <i class="fa fa-envelope-o"> </i> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="b5c7c0d4f5c0dfdc9bd0c6">[email protected]</a> (Primary Contact) </div> </div> <div class="author my-4"> <strong>Huedo Patricia</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain </div> </div> <div class="author my-4"> <strong>Cabeza Manuel</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain </div> </div> <div class="author my-4"> <strong>Saez Beatriz</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Industrial Systems Engineering and Design Department. Jaume I University, Spain </div> </div> <div class="author my-4"> <strong>Civera Vicente</strong> <div class="article-author-affilitation"> Mechanical Engineering and Construction Department, Jaume I University, Spain </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tab-pane fade" id="citation"> <div class="panel panel-default how-to-cite"> <div class="panel-body"> <div id="citationOutput" role="region" aria-live="polite"> <div class="csl-bib-body"> <div class="csl-entry">José, R. M., Patricia, H., Manuel, C., Beatriz, S., & Vicente, C. (2019). Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City. <i>Environmental Science & Sustainable Development</i>, <i>4</i>(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i1.490</div> </div> </div> <div class="btn-group"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-controls="cslCitationFormats"> More Citation Formats <span class="caret"></span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/acm-sig-proceedings?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/acm-sig-proceedings?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> ACM </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/acs-nano?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/acs-nano?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> ACS </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/apa?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/apa?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> APA </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/associacao-brasileira-de-normas-tecnicas?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> ABNT </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/chicago-author-date?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/chicago-author-date?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> Chicago </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/harvard-cite-them-right?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/harvard-cite-them-right?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> Harvard </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/ieee?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/ieee?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> IEEE </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/modern-language-association?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/modern-language-association?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> MLA </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/turabian-fullnote-bibliography?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/turabian-fullnote-bibliography?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> Turabian </a> </li> <li> <a aria-controls="citationOutput" href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/vancouver?submissionId=490&publicationId=367" data-load-citation data-json-href="https://press.ierek.com/index.php/ESSD/citationstylelanguage/get/vancouver?submissionId=490&publicationId=367&return=json"> Vancouver </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="download_citation"> <div class="citation_download my-4"> <svg class="icon line-color" width="18" height="18" id="download" data-name="Line color" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="secondary" d="M12,3V16M8,12l4,4,4-4" style="fill: none; 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Energy Rehabilitation of Social Housing in Vulnerable Areas. Case study: a 1950s Building in a Medium-Sized Mediterranean City | Environmental Science & Sustainable Development