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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Gems and Gemstones: Timeless Natural Beauty of the Mineral World - Lance Grande, Allison Augustyn - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Gems_and_Gemstones.html?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Gems_and_Gemstones.html?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C"/><meta name="title" content="Gems and Gemstones"/><meta name="description" content="Gems are objects of wealth, icons of beauty, and emblems of the very best of everything. They are kept as signs of prestige or power. Given as tokens of love and affection, they also come in a kaleidoscopic array of hues and can be either mineral or organic. Gems can command a person’s gaze in the way they play with light and express rich color. And they can evoke feelings of passion, greed, mystery, and warmth. For millennia, gems have played an important role in human culture: they have significant value, both financially and within folklore and mythology. But just what are gems, exactly? This lavishly illustrated volume—the most ambitious publication of its kind—provides a general introduction to gems and natural gemstones, conveying their timeless beauty and exploring similarities among different species and varieties. Gems and Gemstones features nearly 300 color images of the cut gems, precious and semiprecious stones, gem-quality mineral specimens, and fine jewelry to be unveiled in a new Grainger Hall of Gems at The Field Museum in Chicago this October. The book and exhibition’s overarching theme will be the relationship between finished gems and their natural origin: while beautiful as faceted and polished pieces of jewelry, gems are often just as lovely—or even more so—as gemstones in their natural state. For example, an aquamarine or emerald as originally found in a mine with its natural crystal faces can be as stunning as any cut and polished gem prepared for a ring, bracelet, or charm. Thoughtful of both ancient and modern times, Gems and Gemstones also includes fun-filled facts and anecdotes that broaden the historical portrait of each specimen. When Harry Winston, for instance, donated the Hope Diamond to the Smithsonian in 1958, he sent it through the U.S. mail wrapped in plain brown paper. And for anyone who has ever marveled at the innovations of top jewelry designers, Gems and Gemstones features a dazzling array of polished stones, gold objects, and creations from around the world. Diamonds, sapphires, rubies, amethysts, pearls, topaz, amber—every major gem gets its due in what will be an invaluable source on the subject for years to come. Gems and Gemstones is the basis for the iPad app, available in the Apple iTunes App Store, Gems and Jewels."/><meta property="og:title" content="Gems and Gemstones"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE71SScrhQiGihIEbdBxMJDYkpwXo5sKy6dZFgz-fEZmQHKybVIM4KjaIE6o5kP8_4XkZGCI2CLS2yzh8-tETzXNzA8LyGcyxKLCZPIivlkCzx-VRuchcDD6-TQ-z0PRNfSOTEBqL"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE71SScrhQiGihIEbdBxMJDYkpwXo5sKy6dZFgz-fEZmQHKybVIM4KjaIE6o5kP8_4XkZGCI2CLS2yzh8-tETzXNzA8LyGcyxKLCZPIivlkCzx-VRuchcDD6-TQ-z0PRNfSOTEBqL"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DRnE9Fa4pbn0C%26q%3Daquamarine%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C&q=aquamarine&redir_esc=y&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. 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Diamonds, sapphires, rubies, amethysts, pearls, topaz, amber—every major gem gets its due in what will be an invaluable source on the subject for years to come. Gems and Gemstones is the basis for the iPad app, available in the Apple iTunes App Store, Gems and Jewels.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA374","order":386,"title":"374"}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DRnE9Fa4pbn0C%26q%3Daquamarine%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA125","highlights":[{"X":71,"Y":83,"W":58,"H":7},{"X":104,"Y":148,"W":38,"H":8},{"X":96,"Y":161,"W":38,"H":8},{"X":90,"Y":303,"W":34,"H":7},{"X":218,"Y":304,"W":47,"H":9},{"X":297,"Y":317,"W":47,"H":9},{"X":372,"Y":331,"W":46,"H":9},{"X":232,"Y":449,"W":47,"H":9},{"X":218,"Y":502,"W":46,"H":9},{"X":334,"Y":515,"W":46,"H":9},{"X":218,"Y":541,"W":47,"H":9},{"X":232,"Y":567,"W":47,"H":9},{"X":260,"Y":607,"W":46,"H":9}],"flags":8,"order":137,"vq":"aquamarine"}]},null,{"number_of_results":33,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PP8","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e , heliodor , morganite , pale green , goshenite ) 118 Cordierite 138 Phenakite 140 Elbaite Tourmaline ( verdelite , rubellite , indicolite , canary , achroite , bicolor , watermelon , cuprian ) 144 Dravite Tourmaline Schorl\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C\u0026pg=PP8\u0026vq=aquamarine"},{"page_id":"PP9","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eAquamarine\u003c/b\u003e”; and entranced by jewelry crafted by Egyptian artisans circa 1400 bc as well as prominent de- signers of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. They will also be amazed by the beauty of familiar and unfamiliar gems in\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA3","page_number":"3","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e or emerald crystal as originally found in a mine VUG, or pocket, with its natural crystal faces is often as beautiful as any cut-and-polished gem prepared for jewelry (fig. 110). As in so many cases, man can only attempt to\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA9","page_number":"9","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e), pink (morganite), red (bixbite), yellow (heliodor), or colorless (goshenite). Forsterite gem varieties (Magnesium Iron Silicate), such as peridot and chrysolite, are always green or greenish-yellow, because the color is a\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA10","page_number":"10","snippet_text":"... its own qualitative context . Because some varieties such as \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e and Topaz are commonly found free of inclusions , while others clarity categories tyPe i Eye-clean The stone appears clean to 10 Introduction to Gems."},{"page_id":"PA11","page_number":"11","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e or Topaz is not the same as “superior clarity” in emerald. Inclusions are not always undesirable in gems. The best example of this is Corundum. When a sapphire is heavily included with extremely thin fibrous inclusions of the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA12","page_number":"12","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, pale green Beryl, heliodor, morganite, goshenite, all colors of Chryso- beryl except alexandrite, blue or colorless Zircon, green Tour- maline Type II Type III Transparent stones typically show some eye-visible inclusions\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA20","page_number":"20","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, and Topaz, although some varieties of Gar- net such as fine demantoid or Grossular and varieties of Tourmaline such as flawless rubellite, indicolite, or cuprian Elbaite should now be in the precious category because of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA29","page_number":"29","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e imbedded in white Albite Feldspar. Front side (top) and close-up of back side (bottom). \u003cb\u003eAquamarine\u003c/b\u003e crystal on back is 30 mm in length, and the entire pegmatite piece is 150 mm long. From Skardu, Paki- stan (FMNH H2325)\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA32","page_number":"32","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e (blue) heliodor (yellow) morganite (pink) pale green Beryl goshenite (colorless) iolite (blue) ametrine several varieties (see p. 140) several varieties (see p. 144) several varieties (see p. 164) black Schorl rhodolite\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA33","page_number":"33","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e are classified as subgroups of the mineral species Beryl. Species and other unambiguous groups are defined by special similarities shared by all of their members. And because we. FIGURE 12. Facing page: Classification of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA34","page_number":"34","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, morganite, and heliodor—have (1) the same basic chemical composition, (2) a hexagonal crystal structure, and (3) a Mohs hardness of 71⁄2–8. If an emerald is a Beryl and an \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e is also a Beryl, what makes them dif\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA80","page_number":"80","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaqua- marine\u003c/b\u003e, sapphire, or lapis lazuli), or red stones (to simulate ruby and pink sap- phire). One variety of synthetic Spinel even shows color change from violet in daylight to more reddish in incandescent light. Because the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA109","page_number":"109","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e (Mohs 8 compared to 71⁄2–8 for \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e) and has characteristic teardrop-shaped in- clusions that do not occur in \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e. A recent trend in the jewelry trade is an iridescent-colored stone called “Mystic Topaz” that\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA110","page_number":"110","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, but it is generally harder than aquama- rine (Topaz Mohs 8, \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e Mohs 71⁄2–8) and has certain optical properties that are easily discernible by any gemologist. Blue Topaz is worth considerably less today than \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA118","page_number":"118","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e and pale green Beryl , are also occasionally found as large crystals in pegmatite vugs . Near - flawless gem - quality \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e crystals can occasionally reach a meter in length . Flawless emerald crystals , on the other\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA124","page_number":"124","snippet_text":"... Diamonds (fig. 109). There is also an extremely fine specimen of natural bix- bite crystals in MATRIX in the exhibition (fig. 108). BLUE BERyL (\u003cb\u003eAQUAMARINE\u003c/b\u003e) SySTEM Inorganic CLASS Silicate GROUP Beryl SPECIES. 124 Red Beryl (Bixbite)"},{"page_id":"PA125","page_number":"125","snippet_text":"... (\u003cb\u003eAQUAMARINE\u003c/b\u003e) SySTEM Inorganic CLASS Silicate GROUP Beryl SPECIES Beryl VARIETIES \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e; cat\u0026#39;s-eye \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e COMPOSITION Beryllium Aluminum Silicate [Be3Al2(SiO3)6] TRACE ELEMENT FOR COLOR Iron (Fe) HARDNESS ON MOHS SCALE 71⁄2–8\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA126","page_number":"126","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e from Oxford County, Maine. This is one of the largest known gem \u003cb\u003eaquamarines\u003c/b\u003e cut from a North American gemstone. Gem is 36 × 36 mm (FMNH H148). figure 112. The “Crane \u003cb\u003eAquamarine\u003c/b\u003e,” a flawless 341-carat faceted gem from Brazil\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA127","page_number":"127","snippet_text":"... Grande, Allison Augustyn. figure 113. Victorian-era 22-karat Gold brooch with a faceted oval \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e. Piece is 36 mm in height (FMNH H2451). figure 114. An exquisite 148.5-carat \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e from Minas Gerais set. Blue Beryl (\u003cb\u003eAquamarine\u003c/b\u003e)\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA128","page_number":"128","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e from Minas Gerais set in a Platinum pin with Gold accents and white Diamonds, called “The Schlumberger Bow.” Aqua gem measures 30 × 28 × 20 mm. Designed by Jean Schlumberger for Tiffany \u0026amp; Co. in the late twentieth century\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA129","page_number":"129","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e but is currently less valuable . There is some confusion in the gem literature about which shades of ... \u003cb\u003eaqua- marine\u003c/b\u003e in pegmatitic vugs . Stones with rich yellow color are fine yet relatively inexpensive gemstones\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA131","page_number":"131","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e. The largest known faceted morganite is a 598.7-carat cushion-shaped stone from Madagascar in the col- lection of the British Museum of Natural History. There are some large faceted morganite gems in the Grainger Hall of Gems\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA133","page_number":"133","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e,” the color is far too pale to legitimately be called emerald and too green to be \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e. For a Beryl to be consid- ered true emerald, the color must be deep, intense green, blue green, or grass green. To be an \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA136","page_number":"136","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e , morganite , heliodor , or bixbite . Goshenite is named after the town of Goshen , Massachusetts , one of the localities where it is found . It is also found in Canada , Brazil , Russia , China , Mexico , the United States\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA200","page_number":"200","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e and blue Topaz . This is currently the most popular hue of Zir- con for jewelry . Blue Zircon is exceedingly rare in nature , but brown hyacinth Zircon can be converted to blue through heat treatment . Because brown hues of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA303","page_number":"303","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e is known for being pure blue but may be actually more of a green color in its natural state. When it is heated to about 450°C, the natural color often changes to the more famil- iar blue. Similarly, brownish-green Zoisite\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA309","page_number":"309","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, and Quartz. The Ocean View Mine uses both hard rock mining to dig underground, as well as a variety of artisanal methods to prospect within the tunnels. The mine has a single main tunnel with hard rock walls that have been\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA330","page_number":"330","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e , pale green Beryl , the Scorpion November 22 Garnet en cabochon , lodestone Sagittarius the Archer November 23- December 21 Topaz , chrysolite Capricorn о December 22- January 20 ruby , Spinel , black onyx , charts the sun\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA341","page_number":"341","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eAquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, a 341-carat gem that is among the finest in the world. These subsequent donations allowed the Hall of Gems to grow in size, stature, and value. The hall remained relatively unchanged for many years, consistently popu- lar\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA356","page_number":"356","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e, Quartz, Spinel, Chrysoberyl, Tourmaline, and sapphire. vug. An open cavity in a rock, sometimes lined with crystals. waxy. A type of luster resembling a waxed coating, characteristic of some minerals such as most Turquoise\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA361","page_number":"361","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e , 12 , 32 , 118 , 125–28 , 324 , 331 , 336 colorless Albite , 12 , 236 colorless Beryl . See. alexandrite , 12 , 32 , 74-76 Alkali Tourmaline , 142 , 143 Almandine Garnet , 32 , 170-77 Almandine - Pyrope series , 170 , 176\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C\u0026pg=PA361\u0026vq=aquamarine"},{"page_id":"PA362","page_number":"362","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eaquamarine\u003c/b\u003e , 126 cat\u0026#39;s - eye Chrysoberyl , 11 , 78 , 79 , 231 cat\u0026#39;s - eye chrysolite , 234 cat\u0026#39;s - eye Corundum , 55 cat\u0026#39;s - eye emerald , 120 cat\u0026#39;s - eye indicolite , 152 cat\u0026#39;s - eye jade , 222 cat\u0026#39;s - eye nephrite , 222 cat\u0026#39;s - eye\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=RnE9Fa4pbn0C\u0026pg=PA362\u0026vq=aquamarine"}],"search_query_escaped":"aquamarine"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>