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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 136 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-136" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">136 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digter" title="Digter – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Digter" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF" title="কবি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কবি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF" title="कवि – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कवि" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80" title="ШагӀир – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ШагӀир" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarawiri" title="Jarawiri – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jarawiri" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eair" title="Şair – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şair" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="شاعیر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شاعیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF" title="কবি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কবি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-j%C3%AEn" title="Si-jîn – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Si-jîn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Паэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Паэт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80" title="कबी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कबी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Поет – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Поет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%99%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="སྙན་ངག་མཁན། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྙན་ངག་མཁན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%83%C3%A7" title="Сăвăç – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сăвăç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1sn%C3%ADk" title="Básník – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Básník" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardd" title="Bardd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bardd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digter" title="Digter – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Digter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dikta%C4%8D%C3%A1lli" title="Diktačálli – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Diktačálli" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luuletaja" title="Luuletaja – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Luuletaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Ποιητής – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ποιητής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pov%C3%A9ta" title="Povéta – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Povéta" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Валморозей – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Валморозей" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeto" title="Poeto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Poeto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A8te" title="Poète – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Poète" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichter" title="Dichter – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dichter" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/File" title="File – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="File" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eair" title="Şair – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Şair" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0rd" title="Bàrd – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bàrd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE" title="Оазархо – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Оазархо" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF" title="કવિ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કવિ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%B8" title="시인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%AE" title="Բանաստեղծ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բանաստեղծ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF" title="कवि – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कवि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjesnik" title="Pjesnik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pjesnik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeto" title="Poeto – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Poeto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannaniw" title="Mannaniw – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mannaniw" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyair" title="Penyair – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyair" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbongi" title="Imbongi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Imbongi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ld" title="Skáld – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skáld" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A8" title="משורר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משורר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pujangga" title="Pujangga – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pujangga" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF" title="ಕವಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕವಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A1tas" title="Wátas – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Wátas" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%B2%DB%8C%D9%90%D8%B1" title="شٲیِر – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="شٲیِر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pow%C3%A8t" title="Powèt – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Powèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helbestvan" title="Helbestvan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Helbestvan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Акын – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Акын" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzejnieks" title="Dzejnieks – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzejnieks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Зари – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Зари" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runoilii" title="Runoilii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Runoilii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueta" title="Pueta – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Pueta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6lt%C5%91" title="Költő – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Költő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF" title="कवि – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कवि" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Поет – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Поет" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4eta" title="Pôeta – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pôeta" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="കവി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കവി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80" title="कवी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कवी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="პოეტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პოეტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemuisi" title="Pemuisi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemuisi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Валморайсь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Валморайсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Яруу найрагч – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Яруу найрагч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichter" title="Dichter – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dichter" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF" title="कवि – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कवि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF" title="चिनाखँमि – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="चिनाखँमि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E4%BA%BA" title="詩人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="詩人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueta" title="Pueta – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pueta" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Поэт – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Поэт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dechter" title="Dechter – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Dechter" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyrikar" title="Lyrikar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lyrikar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A8ta" title="Poèta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Poèta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%87%D0%BE" title="Почеламутчо – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Почеламутчо" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF" title="କବି – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କବି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoir" title="Shoir – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shoir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80" title="ਕਵੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਵੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shay%C4%B1r" title="Shayır – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Shayır" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harawiq" title="Harawiq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Harawiq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Поет – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Поет" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Поэт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Поэт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83" title="कविः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कविः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poete" title="Poete – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Poete" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeti" title="Poeti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Poeti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="කවියා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කවියා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1snik" title="Básnik – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Básnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesnik" title="Pesnik – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pesnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abwaan" title="Abwaan – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Abwaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="شاعیر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شاعیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Песник – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Песник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pjesnik" title="Pjesnik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pjesnik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panyajak" title="Panyajak – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Panyajak" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runoilija" title="Runoilija – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Runoilija" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poet" title="Poet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Poet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makata" title="Makata – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Makata" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கவிஞர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கவிஞர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Шагыйрь – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шагыйрь" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF" title="కవి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కవి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5" title="กวี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กวี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Шоир – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шоир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eair" title="Şair – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şair" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eahyr" title="Şahyr – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şahyr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Поет – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Поет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B1" title="شاعر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شاعر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeta" title="Poeta – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Poeta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Person who writes and publishes poetry</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Poet_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Poet (disambiguation)">Poet (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Poetess" redirects here. For the American rapper, see <a href="/wiki/The_Poetess" title="The Poetess">The Poetess</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Poet</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Occupation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data">Poet, <a href="/wiki/Troubador" class="mw-redirect" title="Troubador">Troubador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Occupation type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vocation" title="Vocation">Vocation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Activity sectors</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">Literary</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Description</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Competencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">Writing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related jobs</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Novelist" title="Novelist">Novelist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">writer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">lyricist</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330" /><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:0"><a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">Literature</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/175px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/263px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png/350px-Books_and_Scroll_Ornament_with_Open_Book.png 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Oral_literature" title="Oral literature">Oral literature</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_play" title="Folk play">folk play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folksong" class="mw-redirect" title="Folksong">folksong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">heroic epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proverb" title="Proverb">proverb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_speaking" title="Public speaking">Oration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance" title="Performance">Performance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken word</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saying" title="Saying">Saying</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Major written forms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closet_drama" title="Closet drama">closet drama</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">Poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">narrative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prose" title="Prose">Prose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_nonsense" title="Literary nonsense">Nonsense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nonsense_verse" title="Nonsense verse">verse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_literature" title="Electronic literature">Electronic</a></li></ul> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Long prose fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthology" title="Anthology">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_(literature)" title="Serial (literature)">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a>/<a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">romance</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Short prose fiction</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novelette_(literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Novelette (literature)">Novelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drabble" title="Drabble">Drabble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_story" title="Sketch story">Sketch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisdom_literature" title="Wisdom literature">Wisdom</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Prose genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">Fiction</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_literature" title="Children's literature">Children's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedic_novel" title="Encyclopedic novel">Encyclopedic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genre_fiction" title="Genre fiction">Genre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_fiction" title="Military fiction">military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_fiction" title="Supernatural fiction">supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realist_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Realist literature">Realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Non-fiction" title="Non-fiction">Non-fiction</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing">Academic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anecdote" title="Anecdote">Anecdote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essay" title="Essay">Essay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_(message)" title="Letter (message)">Letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_writing" title="Life writing">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_writing" title="Nature writing">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persuasive_writing" title="Persuasive writing">Persuasive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_literature" title="Travel literature">Travelogue</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Poetry genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_poetry" title="Children's poetry">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verse_drama_and_dramatic_verse" title="Verse drama and dramatic verse">Dramatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verse_novel" title="Verse novel">Verse novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_poetry" title="National poetry">National</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">Lyric</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballad" title="Ballad">Ballad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegy" title="Elegy">Elegy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigram" title="Epigram">Epigram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazal" title="Ghazal">Ghazal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiku" title="Haiku">Haiku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">Hymn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerick_(poetry)" title="Limerick (poetry)">Limerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ode" title="Ode">Ode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasida" title="Qasida">Qasida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonnet" title="Sonnet">Sonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villanelle" title="Villanelle">Villanelle</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Lists</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_epic_poems" title="List of epic poems">Epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_groups_and_movements" title="List of poetry groups and movements">Groups and movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poets" title="List of poets">Poets</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Dramatic genres</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">Libretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">Play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_(theatrical_genre)" title="History (theatrical genre)">historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morality_play" title="Morality play">moral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">Tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">Tragicomedy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_literature" title="History of literature">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_literature" title="Ancient literature">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_literature" title="Medieval literature">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_modernism" title="Literary modernism">Modernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_literature" title="Postmodern literature">Postmodern</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> Lists and outlines</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_literature" title="Outline of literature">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_literary_terms" title="Glossary of literary terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_books" title="Lists of books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_writers" title="Lists of writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_movements" title="List of literary movements">Movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_cycles" class="mw-redirect" title="List of literary cycles">Cycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_literary_awards" title="List of literary awards">Literary awards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_awards" title="List of poetry awards">poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story_collection" title="Short story collection">Short story collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_literary_work" title="Lost literary work">Lost literary work</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lacuna_(manuscripts)" title="Lacuna (manuscripts)">Lacuna</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;"> <a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">Theory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">criticism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_literature" title="Sociology of literature">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_magazine" title="Literary magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composition_(language)" title="Composition (language)">Composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_language" title="Literary language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_feud" title="Literary feud">Feud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_estate" title="Literary estate">Estate</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="display:block; margin-top:0.3em; border-top:1px solid #aaa; padding-top:0.15em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.png/20px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.png/40px-Books-aj.svg_aj_ashton_01.png 1.5x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Literature" title="Portal:Literature">Literature portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Literature" title="Template:Literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Literature" title="Template talk:Literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>poet</b> is a person who studies and creates <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a>. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator (<a href="/wiki/Thought" title="Thought">thinker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Songwriter" title="Songwriter">songwriter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Writer" title="Writer">writer</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Author" title="Author">author</a>) who creates (composes) poems (<a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral</a> or <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">written</a>), or they may also <a href="/wiki/Performance" title="Performance">perform</a> their art to an <a href="/wiki/Audience" title="Audience">audience</a>. </p><p>The work of a poet is essentially one of communication, expressing ideas either in a literal sense (such as communicating about a specific event or place) or <a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">metaphorically</a>. Poets have existed since <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistory</a>, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary greatly in different cultures and periods.<sup id="cite_ref-Orban_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orban-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout each <a href="/wiki/Civilization" title="Civilization">civilization</a> and language, poets have used various styles that have changed over time, resulting in countless poets as diverse as the <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a> that (since the advent of <a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">writing</a> systems) they have produced. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_poets">Ancient poets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ancient poets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is about the history of the poet, as a profession. For a history of poetry, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_poetry" title="History of poetry">History of poetry</a></div> <p>The civilization of <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumer</a> figures prominently in the history of early poetry, and <a href="/wiki/The_Epic_of_Gilgamesh" class="mw-redirect" title="The Epic of Gilgamesh">The Epic of Gilgamesh</a>, a widely read epic poem, was written in the <a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Ur" title="Third Dynasty of Ur">Third Dynasty of Ur</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2100 BC; copies of the poem continued to be published and written until <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 600 to 150 BC. However, as it arises from an <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a>, the poet is unknown. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Story_of_Sinuhe" title="Story of Sinuhe">Story of Sinuhe</a> was a popular narrative poem from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom of Egypt</a>, written <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1750 BC, about an ancient Egyptian man named <a href="/wiki/Sinuhe" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinuhe">Sinuhe</a>, who flees his country and lives in a foreign land until his return, shortly before his death. The Story of Sinuhe was one of several popular narrative poems in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egyptian</a>. Scholars have conjectured that Story of Sinuhe was actually written by an Ancient Egyptian man named Sinuhe, describing his life in the poem; therefore, Sinuhe is conjectured to be a real person. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>, professional poets were generally sponsored by <a href="/wiki/Patronage" title="Patronage">patrons</a>, including nobility and military officials.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Cilnius_Maecenas" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Cilnius Maecenas">Gaius Cilnius Maecenas</a>, friend to <a href="/wiki/Caesar_Augustus" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesar Augustus">Caesar Augustus</a>, was an important patron for the Augustan poets, including both <a href="/wiki/Horace" title="Horace">Horace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, a well established poet, was banished from Rome by the first <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> for one of his poems. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_poets">Western poets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Western poets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Troubador" class="mw-redirect" title="Troubador">troubadors</a> were an important class of poets. They came from a variety of backgrounds, often living and traveling in many different places and were looked upon as actors or musicians as much as poets. Some were under patronage, but many traveled extensively. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> period saw a continuation of patronage of poets by royalty. Many poets, however, had other sources of income, including Italians like <a href="/wiki/Dante_Aligheri" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante Aligheri">Dante Aligheri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Boccaccio" title="Giovanni Boccaccio">Giovanni Boccaccio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petrarch" title="Petrarch">Petrarch</a>'s works in a pharmacist's guild and <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>'s work in the theater. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Romantic_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Romantic period">Romantic period</a> and onwards, many poets were independent writers who made their living through their work, often supplemented by income from other occupations or from family.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This included poets such as <a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">William Wordsworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Robert Burns</a>. </p><p>Poets such as <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paradise_Lost" title="Paradise Lost">Paradise Lost</a> invoked the aid of a <a href="/wiki/Muse" class="mw-redirect" title="Muse">Muse</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_poets">Other poets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other poets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poets held an important position in pre-Islamic Arabic society with the poet or <i><a href="/wiki/Sha%27ir" title="Sha'ir">sha'ir</a></i> filling the role of historian, <a href="/wiki/Fortune-telling" title="Fortune-telling">soothsayer</a> and propagandist. Words in praise of the tribe (<i>qit'ah</i>) and lampoons denigrating other tribes (<i>hija'</i>) seem to have been some of the most popular forms of early poetry. The <i>sha'ir</i> represented an individual tribe's prestige and importance in the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>, and mock battles in poetry or <i><a href="/wiki/Zajal" title="Zajal">zajal</a></i> would stand in lieu of real wars. 'Ukaz, a market town not far from <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, would play host to a regular poetry festival where the craft of the <i>sha'irs</i> would be exhibited.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poets of earlier times were often well read and highly educated people while others were to a large extent self-educated. A few poets such as <a href="/wiki/John_Gower" title="John Gower">John Gower</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">John Milton</a> were able to write poetry in more than one language. Some Portuguese poets, as <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_S%C3%A1_de_Miranda" title="Francisco de Sá de Miranda">Francisco de Sá de Miranda</a>, wrote not only in Portuguese but also in Spanish.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Kochanowski" title="Jan Kochanowski">Jan Kochanowski</a> wrote in Polish and in Latin,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/France_Pre%C5%A1eren" title="France Prešeren">France Prešeren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Karel Hynek Mácha</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wrote some poems in German, although they were poets of Slovenian and Czech respectively. <a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Adam Mickiewicz</a>, the greatest poet of Polish language, wrote a Latin ode for emperor <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a>. Another example is <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Pietrkiewicz" title="Jerzy Pietrkiewicz">Jerzy Pietrkiewicz</a>, a Polish poet. When he moved to Great Britain, he ceased to write poetry in Polish, but started writing a novel in English.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also translated poetry into English. </p><p>Many universities offer degrees in creative writing though these only came into existence in the 20th century. While these courses are not necessary for a career as a poet, they can be helpful as training, and for giving the student several years of time focused on their writing.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poets_of_sacred_verse">Poets of sacred verse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Poets of sacred verse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">Lyricist</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">Lyrical poets</a> who write sacred poetry ("<a href="/wiki/Hymnographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hymnographer">hymnographers</a>") differ from the usual image of poets in a number of ways. A hymnographer such as <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Watts" title="Isaac Watts">Isaac Watts</a> who wrote 700 poems in his lifetime, may have their lyrics sung by millions of people every Sunday morning, but are not always included in <a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_anthologies" title="List of poetry anthologies">anthologies of poetry</a>. Because hymns are perceived of as "<a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">worship</a>" rather than "poetry", the term "artistic kenosis" is sometimes used to describe the hymnographer's success in "emptying out" the instinct to succeed as a poet. A singer in the pew might have several of Watts's stanzas memorized, without ever knowing his name or thinking of him as a poet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poets" title="List of poets">List of poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyricist" title="Lyricist">Lyricist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poetry_groups_and_movements" title="List of poetry groups and movements">List of poetry groups and movements</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Orban-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Orban_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOrban1997" class="citation book cs1">Orban, Clara Elizabeth (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KbCVyt6MWg0C"><i>The Culture of Fragments: Word and Images in Futurism and Surrealism</i></a>. Rodopi. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-420-0111-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-420-0111-9"><bdi>90-420-0111-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Culture+of+Fragments%3A+Word+and+Images+in+Futurism+and+Surrealism&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=90-420-0111-9&rft.aulast=Orban&rft.aufirst=Clara+Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKbCVyt6MWg0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barbara K. Gold (2014), <i>Literary and Artistic Patronage in Ancient Rome</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Press" title="University of Texas Press">University of Texas Press</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter T. Murphy (2005), "Poetry as an Occupation and an Art in Britain", <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-de-Sa-de-Miranda">"Francisco de Sá de Miranda | Portuguese author"</a>. <i>Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180906200741/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-de-Sa-de-Miranda">Archived</a> from the original on 6 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica&rft.atitle=Francisco+de+S%C3%A1+de+Miranda+%26%23124%3B+Portuguese+author&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FFrancisco-de-Sa-de-Miranda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08685b.htm">"Catholic Encyclopedia: Jan Kochanowski"</a>. <i>New Advent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211224174021/https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08685b.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Advent&rft.atitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia%3A+Jan+Kochanowski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F08685b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurns" class="citation web cs1">Burns, Tracy A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.private-prague-guide.com/article/karel-hynek-macha-a-leading-poet-of-czech-romanticism/">"Karel Hynek Mácha: A leading poet of Czech Romanticism"</a>. <i>Prague Blog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220123051200/https://www.private-prague-guide.com/article/karel-hynek-macha-a-leading-poet-of-czech-romanticism/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prague+Blog&rft.atitle=Karel+Hynek+M%C3%A1cha%3A+A+leading+poet+of+Czech+Romanticism&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Tracy+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.private-prague-guide.com%2Farticle%2Fkarel-hynek-macha-a-leading-poet-of-czech-romanticism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/jerzy-peterkiewicz-polish-poet-turned-english-novelist-774317.html">"Jerzy Peterkiewicz: Polish poet turned English novelist"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 26 January 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112110030/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/jerzy-peterkiewicz-polish-poet-turned-english-novelist-774317.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Jerzy+Peterkiewicz%3A+Polish+poet+turned+English+novelist&rft.date=2008-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fjerzy-peterkiewicz-polish-poet-turned-english-novelist-774317.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoet" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nikki Moustaki (2001), <i>The Complete Idiot's Guide to Writing Poetry</i>, Penguin.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poet&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poet" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:poet">poet</a></b></i> or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poetess" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:poetess">poetess</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Poets" class="extiw" title="q:Poets">Poets</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Poets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Poets">poets</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Reginald Gibbons (ed), <i>The Poet's Work: 29 poets on the origins and practice of their art</i>. University of Chicago Press (1979). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-29054-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-29054-6">978-0-226-29054-6</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aKSPN3JWMFAC&q=what+is+the+poet">at Google Books</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_poets212" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#87CEEB"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_poets" title="Template:Lists of poets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lists_of_poets" title="Template talk:Lists of poets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_poets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of poets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_poets212" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_poets" title="List of poets">Lists</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">poets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#87CEEB;width:1%">By language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Afrikaans-language_poets" title="List of Afrikaans-language poets">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian-language_poets" title="List of Albanian-language poets">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arabic-language_poets" title="List of Arabic-language poets">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Armenian-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Armenian-language poets">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Azerbaijani-language_poets" title="List of Azerbaijani-language poets">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Assamese" title="List of Indian poets">Assamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Awadhi-language_poets" title="List of Awadhi-language poets">Awadhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Belarusian-language_poets" title="List of Belarusian-language poets">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bengali-language_authors_(alphabetical)" title="List of Bengali-language authors (alphabetical)">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bosniak_writers" title="List of Bosniak writers">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian-language_poets" title="List of Bulgarian-language poets">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catalan-language_poets" title="List of Catalan-language poets">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese-language_poets" title="List of Chinese-language poets">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian-language_poets" title="List of Croatian-language poets">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_poets" title="List of Danish poets">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Dutch-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Dutch-language poets">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English-language_poets" title="List of English-language poets">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Estonian_poets" title="List of Estonian poets">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_poets" title="List of Finnish poets">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French-language_poets" title="List of French-language poets">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German-language_poets" title="List of German-language poets">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_Greek_poets" title="List of modern Greek poets">Greek</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Ancient_Greek_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ancient Greek poets">Ancient</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Gujarati" title="List of Indian poets">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hebrew-language_poets" title="List of Hebrew-language poets">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindi-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hindi-language poets">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Icelandic-language_poets" title="List of Icelandic-language poets">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian-language_poets" title="List of Indonesian-language poets">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Irish-language poets">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian-language_poets" title="List of Italian-language poets">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese-language_poets" title="List of Japanese-language poets">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Kashmiri" title="List of Indian poets">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Konkani" title="List of Indian poets">Konkani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kannada-language_poets" title="List of Kannada-language poets">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Korean-language_poets" title="List of Korean-language poets">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kurdish-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Kurdish-language poets">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Latin-language poets">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Maithili" title="List of Indian poets">Maithili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Malayalam" title="List of Indian poets">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maltese-language_poets" title="List of Maltese-language poets">Maltese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Manipuri" title="List of Indian poets">Manipuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marathi-language_poets" title="List of Marathi-language poets">Marathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nepali_language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Nepali language poets">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Oriya" title="List of Indian poets">Oriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pashto-language_poets" title="List of Pashto-language poets">Pashto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pennsylvania_Dutch-language_poets" title="List of Pennsylvania Dutch-language poets">Pennsylvania Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Persian-language_poets" title="List of Persian-language poets">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish-language_poets" title="List of Polish-language poets">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese-language_poets" title="List of Portuguese-language poets">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Punjabi-language_poets" title="List of Punjabi-language poets">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Rajasthani" title="List of Indian poets">Rajasthani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian-language_poets" title="List of Romanian-language poets">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian-language_poets" title="List of Russian-language poets">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sanskrit_poets" title="List of Sanskrit poets">Sanskrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sindhi-language_poets" title="List of Sindhi-language poets">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slovak_poets" title="List of Slovak poets">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slovene-language_poets" title="List of Slovene-language poets">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sorbian-language_poets" title="List of Sorbian-language poets">Sorbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish-language_poets" title="List of Spanish-language poets">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_poets" title="List of Swedish poets">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Syrian_poets" title="List of Syrian poets">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Tamil" title="List of Indian poets">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets#Telugu" title="List of Indian poets">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkic-languages_poets" title="List of Turkic-languages poets">Turkic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ukrainian-language_poets" title="List of Ukrainian-language poets">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Urdu-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Urdu-language poets">Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Uzbek-language_poets" title="List of Uzbek-language poets">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Welsh-language poets">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yiddish-language_poets" title="List of Yiddish-language poets">Yiddish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#87CEEB;width:1%">By nationality<br />or culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_of_Afghanistan" title="Poetry of Afghanistan">Afghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_poets_from_the_United_States" title="List of poets from the United States">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Argentine_poets" title="List of Argentine poets">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_poets" title="List of Australian poets">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Austrian_writers" title="List of Austrian writers">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bangladeshi_poets" title="List of Bangladeshi poets">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bosniak_writers" title="List of Bosniak writers">Bosniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_poets" title="List of Brazilian poets">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Breton_poets" title="List of Breton poets">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_writers" title="List of Bulgarian writers">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_poets" title="List of Canadian poets">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_Americans#Authors_and_poets" title="List of Mexican Americans">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Estonian_poets" title="List of Estonian poets">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_poets" title="List of Finnish poets">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ghanaian_poets" title="List of Ghanaian poets">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_Greek_poets" title="List of modern Greek poets">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_poets" title="List of Indian poets">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iraqi_poets" title="List of Iraqi poets">Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_poets" title="List of Irish poets">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Israeli_poets" title="List of Israeli poets">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_poets" title="List of Mexican poets">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nepalese_poets" title="List of Nepalese poets">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_poets" title="List of New Zealand poets">New Zealander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nicaraguan_writers" title="List of Nicaraguan writers">Nicaraguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_poets" title="List of Nigerian poets">Nigerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ottoman_poets" title="List of Ottoman poets">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_poets" title="List of Pakistani poets">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Peruvian_writers" title="List of Peruvian writers">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romani_poets" title="List of Romani poets">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Romanian poets">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Somali_poets" title="List of Somali poets">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_poets" title="List of South African poets">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_poets" title="List of Swedish poets">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swiss_poets" title="List of Swiss poets">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Syrian_poets" title="List of Syrian poets">Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_contemporary_Turkish_poets" title="List of contemporary Turkish poets">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#87CEEB;width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anarchist_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of anarchist poets">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_early-modern_women_poets_(England,_Wales,_and_Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of early-modern women poets (England, Wales, and Great Britain)">Early-modern women (England, Wales, Great Britain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_feminist_poets" title="List of feminist poets">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_poetry" title="Lyric poetry">Lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modernist_poets" title="List of modernist poets">Modernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_poet" title="National poet">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_performance_poets" title="List of performance poets">Performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speculative_poets" title="List of speculative poets">Speculative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Surrealist_poets" title="List of Surrealist poets">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_poet" class="mw-redirect" title="War poet">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_poets" title="List of female poets">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#87CEEB"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quill_and_ink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/15px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/23px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/30px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poetry" title="Portal:Poetry">Poetry portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/19px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/29px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/38px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poetry" title="Portal:Poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49757#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3381" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49757#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata3381" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49757#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dichter"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4436441-6">Germany</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lyriker"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4168391-2">2</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lyrikerin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4246394-4">3</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Poets"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85103733">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Poètes"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933176q">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Poètes"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11933176q">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00571341">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="básníci"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph216786&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="básnířky"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph280132&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Poetas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX533423">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dzejnieki"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000064044&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000129630&P_CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon 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