CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="bg" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Холдън Кефър Хартлайн – Уикипедия</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )bgwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","януари","февруари","март","април","май","юни","юли","август","септември","октомври","ноември","декември"],"wgRequestId":"ada1950e-db56-477f-8ec5-8831f9cb18a1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн","wgTitle":"Холдън Кефър Хартлайн","wgCurRevisionId":9953876,"wgRevisionId":9953876,"wgArticleId":428138,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Родени през 1903 година","Родени на 22 декември","Починали през 1983 година","Починали на 17 март","Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN","Американски биофизици", "Носители на Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"bg","wgPageContentLanguage":"bg","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн","wgRelevantArticleId":428138,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"bg","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"bg"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":8000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q309879","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.WatchlistTopSectionWidgetFix":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.QRpediaFix","ext.gadget.EditToolbar","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-page_elements","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-thematic_templates","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-article_templates","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-talk_templates","ext.gadget.EditToolbar-menu-other_templates","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMap","ext.gadget.Switcher","ext.gadget.ParsePhabLinks","ext.gadget.Mwbot","ext.gadget.UploadRedirectToCommons","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=ext.gadget.WatchlistTopSectionWidgetFix&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=bg&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/HKHartline.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="925"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/HKHartline.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="616"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="493"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Холдън Кефър Хартлайн – Уикипедия"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//bg.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Редактиране" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Уикипедия (bg)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//bg.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Емисия на Atom за Уикипедия" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн rootpage-Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Направо към съдържанието</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Главно меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Главно меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Главно меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигация </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Началната страница [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Начална страница</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Зареждане на случайна страница [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Случайна статия</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Полезно" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Полезно" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Полезно </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Списък на последните промени в уикито [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Последни промени</span></a></li><li id="n-Общи-разговори" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8"><span>Общи разговори</span></a></li><li id="n-Обсъждани-статии" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8"><span>Обсъждани статии</span></a></li><li id="n-Администратори" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5"><span>Администратори</span></a></li><li id="n-Изтривания" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5"><span>Изтривания</span></a></li><li id="n-За-контакти" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8"><span>За контакти</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Включете_се!" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Включете_се" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Включете се! </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Защо?" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Защо?</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Място, където може да се информирате"><span>Помощ</span></a></li><li id="n-Картинки" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:10_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B0,_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Картинки</span></a></li><li id="n-Поведение" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Поведение</span></a></li><li id="n-Изпробване" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA"><span>Изпробване</span></a></li><li id="n-Нова-статия" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA"><span>Нова статия</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Общувайте" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Общувайте" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Общувайте </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Блог-на-общността" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://blog.wikimedia.bg/" rel="nofollow"><span>Блог на общността</span></a></li><li id="n-Фейсбук-страница" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук страница</span></a></li><li id="n-Фейсбук-група" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/WikipediaBG" rel="nofollow"><span>Фейсбук група</span></a></li><li id="n-🎮-Дискорд" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4"><span>🎮 Дискорд</span></a></li><li id="n-Телеграм" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC"><span>Телеграм</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IRC"><span>IRC</span></a></li><li id="n-GitHub" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://github.com/wikimedia-bg" rel="nofollow"><span>GitHub</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Уикипедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-bg.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Свободната енциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-bg.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Търсене</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Търсене в Уикипедия" aria-label="Търсене в Уикипедия" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Претърсване на Уикипедия [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Специални:Търсене"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Търсене</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Лични инструменти"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Биография" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Биография"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Биография</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Биография-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Научни_приноси" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Научни_приноси"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Научни приноси</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Научни_приноси-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Източници" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Източници"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Източници</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Източници-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Холдън Кефър Хартлайн</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 48 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="هالدان هارتلاين – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هالدان هارتلاين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="هالدان هارتلاين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هالدان هارتلاين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%81%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="هالدن کفر هارتلین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هالدن کفر هارتلین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Холдэн Кефер Хартлайн – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Холдэн Кефер Хартлайн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="হ্যাল্ডান কেফার হার্টলাইন – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হ্যাল্ডান কেফার হার্টলাইন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ھالدین ھارتلاین – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھالدین ھارتلاین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Hartline" title="Haldan Hartline – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Haldan Hartline" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%81%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="هالدن کفر هارتلین – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هالدن کفر هارتلین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="הלדן קפלר הרטליין – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הלדן קפלר הרטליין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B1%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3" title="ハルダン・ケファー・ハートライン – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハルダン・ケファー・ハートライン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Холден Кеффер Хартлайн – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Холден Кеффер Хартлайн" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಾಲ್ಡನ್ ಕೆಫರ್ ಹಾರ್ಟ್‌ಲೈನ್ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಾಲ್ಡನ್ ಕೆಫರ್ ಹಾರ್ಟ್‌ಲೈನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%BC%EB%8D%98_%EC%BC%80%ED%8D%BC_%ED%95%98%ED%8B%80%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8" title="핼던 케퍼 하틀라인 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="핼던 케퍼 하틀라인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%81%D8%B1_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="هالدن کفر هارتلین – мазандерански" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هالدن کفر هارتلین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандерански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – долнонемски" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долнонемски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%88%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B1_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" title="ہالڈن کیفر ہارٹلائن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہالڈن کیفر ہارٹلائن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Hartline" title="Haldan Hartline – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Haldan Hartline" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD,_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Хартлайн, Холден Кеффер – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хартлайн, Холден Кеффер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Hartline" title="Haldan Hartline – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Haldan Hartline" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Голден Гартлайн – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Голден Гартлайн" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%88%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B1_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" title="ہالڈن کیفر ہارٹ لائن – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہالڈن کیفر ہارٹ لائن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ჰოლდენ კეფერ ჰარტლაინი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰოლდენ კეფერ ჰარტლაინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Haldan Keffer Hartline" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD" title="霍爾登·凱弗·哈特蘭 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="霍爾登·凱弗·哈特蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q309879#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Преглед на основната страница [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статия</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Беседа за страницата (страницата не съществува) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Промяна на езиковия вариант" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи насам</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" rel="nofollow" title="Последните промени на страници, сочени от тази страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Свързани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Uploadtext" title="Качи файлове [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Качване на файл</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички специални страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Специални страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&oldid=9953876" title="Постоянна препратка към тази версия на страницата"><span>Постоянна препратка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=info" title="Повече за тази страница"><span>Информация за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&page=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&id=9953876&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация за начините за цитиране на тази страница"><span>Цитиране на статията</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B4%25D1%258A%25D0%25BD_%25D0%259A%25D0%25B5%25D1%2584%25D1%258A%25D1%2580_%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD"><span>Кратък URL адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A5%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B4%25D1%258A%25D0%25BD_%25D0%259A%25D0%25B5%25D1%2584%25D1%258A%25D1%2580_%25D0%25A5%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD"><span>Изтегляне на QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD+%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q309879" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r12144718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-lua{width:22em}.mw-parser-output .infobox-title,.mw-parser-output .infobox-above,.mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,.mw-parser-output .infobox-image,.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data-only,.mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .infobox-above{font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-navbar{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-italic-title{display:none}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;margin:-5px 0;border:0;border-spacing:0 5px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox th.onlysubbox,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td.onlysubbox{padding:0!important}</style><table class="infobox infobox-lua infobox_v2 vcard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-above title physic" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaa;">Холдън Кефър Хартлайн<div style="font-size: 76%; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">Haldan Keffer Hartline</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; font-size:110%; border:1px solid #aaa;">американски биофизик</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:HKHartline.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/HKHartline.png/250px-HKHartline.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/HKHartline.png/375px-HKHartline.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/HKHartline.png/500px-HKHartline.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="433" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Роден</th><td class="infobox-data"><div></div> <div><span class="oneline"><a href="/wiki/22_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8" title="22 декември">22 декември</a> <a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a> г.</span></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_(%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фолстън (Мериленд) (страницата не съществува)">Фолстън</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Мериленд">Мериленд</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Починал</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><span class="oneline"><a href="/wiki/17_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="17 март">17 март</a> <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> г.<span class="noprint"> <small>(79 г.)</small></span></span></div> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3_(%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Блумсбърг (Пенсилвания) (страницата не съществува)">Блумсбърг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пенсилвания">Пенсилвания</a></div></td></tr><tr class="nomobile" style="height:1px;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-data-only"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Учил в</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%E2%80%9E%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%E2%80%9C" title="Университет „Джонс Хопкинс“">Университет „Джонс Хопкинс“</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaaaaa;">Научна дейност</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Област</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">Биофизика</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Неврофизиология">неврофизиология</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Работил в</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%E2%80%9E%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%E2%80%9C" title="Университет „Корнел“">Университет „Корнел“</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%E2%80%9E%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%E2%80%9C" title="Университет „Джонс Хопкинс“">Университет „Джонс Хопкинс“</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Рокфелеров университет">Рокфелеров университет</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color:#C1CDCD; border:1px solid #aaa;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haldan_Keffer_Hartline?uselang=bg">Холдън Кефър Хартлайн</a></b> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Холдън Кефър Хартлайн</b> (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Английски език">английски</a>: <span lang="en" dir="ltr" style="font-style:italic">Haldan Keffer Hartline</span>) е <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Американски">американски</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биофизика">биофизик</a>, изследовател на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Зрение">зрението</a> при животните и човека, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина">Нобелов лауреат за физиология или медицина</a> за <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> г. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Биография"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.B3.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.84.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Биография</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: Биография" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Биография"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Холдън Хартлайн е роден в <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Блумсбърг (страницата не съществува)">Блумсбърг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пенсилвания">Пенсилвания</a>, в семейството на професор по <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Биология">биология</a>. Завършва колежа „Лафайет“ през 1923 г. и постъпва да учи електрофизиология на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ретина">ретината</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%E2%80%9E%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%E2%80%9C" title="Университет „Джонс Хопкинс“">университета „Джонс Хопкинс“</a>. Изследователските му интереси по време на следването му са свързани със зрението и електрическата активност на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Нервната система">нервната система</a>. След като добива магистърска степен през 1927 г., продължава да учи две години <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Физика">физика</a> в същия университет, след което прави специализации в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Лайпциг">Лайпциг</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Мюнхен">Мюнхен</a> до 1931 г. със стипендия на фондация „Елдридж Рийвс Джонсън“. </p><p>Със завръщането си в Щатите, Хартлайн постъпва на работа в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Пенсилвански университет">Пенсилванския университет</a> във <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Филаделфия">Филаделфия</a>, където изследва зрението на един вид <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="Членестоного">членестоного</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Мечоопашат рак">мечоопашат рак</a> (ксифозура, <i>Limulus polyphemus</i>), чиито множество <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%87%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Очи">очи</a> са свързани с <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Мозък">мозъка</a> посредством дълги нервни влакна. През 1932 г. Хартлайн прави първите записи на активността на отделни зрителни нервни влакна, като така открива, че зрителната информацията при този биологичен вид се формира като сбор от еднаквите сигнали, отразяващи интензитета на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Светлина">светлината</a>, попадаща върху отделните зрителни <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Рецептори">рецептори</a>. През 1938 г. прави изследвания на <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2" title="Зрителен нерв">зрителните нерви</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Жаби">жаби</a> и установява различната им способност да реагират на слаба светлина, силна светлина и движение. От този период датира познанството на Хартлайн с <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Рагнар Гранит">Рагнар Гранит</a>. </p><p>През 1940 – 1941 г. Хартлайн е асоцииран професор (доцент) по <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Физиология">физиология</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Корнелски университет">Корнелския медицински колеж</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E_%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Ню Йорк">Ню Йорк</a>, но се връща обратно във фондацията „Джонсън“. По време на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Втората световна война">Втората световна война</a> обект на неговите научни интереси става нощното зрение при хората. </p><p>През 1949 г. Хартлайн става професор и ръководител на катедрата по биофизика в „Джонс Хопкинс“. Един от студентите му от този период, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Пол Грийнгард">Пол Грийнгард</a>, по-късно също печели <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда">Нобелова награда</a>. През 1953 г. е поканен в колектива на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Рокфелеров университет">университета „Рокфелер“</a> като професор по <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Неврофизиология">неврофизиология</a>. През 1967 г. заедно с Рагнар Гранит и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Уолд (страницата не съществува)">Джордж Уолд</a> си поделят Нобеловата награда за физиология или медицина „<i>за техните открития относно първичните физиологични и химични зрителни процеси в окото</i>“. </p><p>Хартлайн е член на Американската национална научна академия, Американската асоциация за развитие на науката, Американското физиологично дружество, Американското философско дружество и Американската академия за хуманитарни и естествени науки. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Научни_приноси"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D1.83.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.B8"></span>Научни приноси</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Научни приноси" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Научни приноси"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Хартлайн съсредоточава изследванията си в областта на електрофизиологията на ретините на различни членестоноги, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гръбначни">гръбначни</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Мекотели">мекотели</a>, поради много по-простата им и лесна за изучаване зрителна система в сравнение с тази на хората. Занимава се основно с изследване на зрението на вида мечоопашат рак. </p><p>Използвайки за експериментите си миниатюрни <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Електрод">електроди</a>, Хартлайн за първи път получава запис на електрическите импулси, изпращани от единично зрително нервно влакно, когато рецепторите, свързани с тях, биват стимулирани със светлина. Открива, че отговорът на единичния фоторецептор зависи от степента на осветеност на съседните му рецептори: когато само той бива стимулиран, околните рецептори се потискат, което прави възможно по-доброто възприемане на контраста и формите. В по-късни свои изследвания неврофизиолозите (и Нобелови лауреати за 1981 г.) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D1%8E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дейвид Хюбъл (страницата не съществува)">Дейвид Хюбъл</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Торстен Висел (страницата не съществува)">Торстен Висел</a> показват, че много по-сложният процес по приемане на зрителна информация при гръбначните по същество се управлява от същите процеси, които Хартлайн установява при мечоопашатия рак. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Източници"><span id=".D0.98.D0.B7.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.87.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.86.D0.B8"></span>Източници</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Източници" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Източници"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>„Нобелови лауреати“, Българска енциклопедия – БАН, Отворено общество, София, 1994, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8/9548104032" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 954-8104-03-2</a>, 954-520-030-8.</li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff;;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Шаблон:Нобел физиология или медицина"><abbr title="Преглед на шаблона" style=";background:#ccccff;;background:none transparent;border:none;">п</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0"><abbr title="Беседа на шаблона" style=";background:#ccccff;;background:none transparent;border:none;">б</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit"><abbr title="Редактиране на шаблона" style=";background:#ccccff;;background:none transparent;border:none;">р</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина">Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Категория:Носители на Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина">Лауреати на наградата през годините</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list nowraplinks navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <div> <p><b>1901:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Емил фон Беринг">Фон Беринг</a> 02: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Роналд Рос">Рос</a> 03: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нилс Финсен">Финсен</a> 04: <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Иван Павлов">Павлов</a> 05: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Роберт Кох">Кох</a> 06: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8" title="Камило Голджи">Голджи</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Сантяго Рамон и Кахал">Рамон и Кахал</a> 07: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шарл Лаверан">Лаверан</a> 08: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="Пол Ерлих">Ерлих</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Иля Мечников">Мечников</a> 09: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Теодор Кохер">Кохер</a> <b>10:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Албрехт Косел">Косел</a> 11: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Алвар Гулстранд">Гулстранд</a> 12: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Алексис Карел">Карел</a> 13: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5" title="Шарл Рише">Рише</a> 14: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Роберт Барани">Барани</a> 19: <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Жул Борде">Борде</a> <b>20:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Август Крог (страницата не съществува)">Крог</a> 22: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Арчибалд Хил">Хил</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Ото Майерхоф">Майерхоф</a> 23: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Фредерик Бантинг">Бантинг</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джон Маклауд (страницата не съществува)">Маклауд</a> 24: <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%95%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Вилем Ейнтховен">Ейнтховен</a> 26: <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Йоханес Фибигер">Фибигер</a> 27: <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%AF%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3" title="Юлиус Вагнер-Яурег">Вагнер-Яурег</a> 28: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Шарл Никол">Никол</a> 29: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кристиан Ейкман (страницата не съществува)">Ейкман</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фредерик Хопкинс (страницата не съществува)">Хопкинс</a> <b>30:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Карл Ландщайнер">Ландщайнер</a> 31: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Ото Варбург">Варбург</a> 32: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Чарлз Шерингтън">Шерингтън</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%95%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8A%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Едгар Ейдриън (страницата не съществува)">Ейдриън</a> 33: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Томас Хънт Морган">Морган</a> 34: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Уипъл (страницата не съществува)">Уипъл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Уилям Мърфи">Мърфи</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Майнът (страницата не съществува)">Майнът</a> 35: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ханс Шпеман">Шпеман</a> 36: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB" title="Хенри Дейл">Дейл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Ото Льови">Льови</a> 37: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Алберт Сент-Дьорди">Сент-Дьорди</a> 38: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Корней Хейманс">Хейманс</a> 39: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Герхард Домак">Домак</a> 43: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Едуард Дойзи">Дойзи</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хенрик Дам">Дам</a> 44: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%AA%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Джоузеф Ърленгър">Ърленгър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Херберт Гасер (страницата не съществува)">Гасер</a> 45: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Александър Флеминг">Флеминг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Ернст Борис Чейн">Чейн</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Хауърд Флори">Флори</a> 46: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Херман Малър">Малър</a> 47: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Гърти Кори">Г. Кори</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карл Кори (страницата не съществува)">К. Кори</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Бернардо Усай">Усай</a> 48: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Паул Мюлер">Мюлер</a> 49: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Егаш Мониш">Мониш</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Валтер Хес">Хес</a> <b>50:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%87" title="Филип Хенч">Хенч</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Едуард Кендъл">Кендъл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%85%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Тадеуш Райхщайн">Райхщайн</a> 51: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Макс Тейлър">Тейлър</a> 52: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Селман Ваксман">Ваксман</a> 53: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%81" title="Ханс Адолф Кребс">Х. Кребс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Фриц Липман">Липман</a> 54: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81" title="Джон Франклин Ендърс">Ендърс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Томас Уелър (страницата не съществува)">Уелър</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Фредерик Робинс">Робинс</a> 55: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хуго Теорел (страницата не съществува)">Теорел</a> 56: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Андре Курнан">Курнан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Вернер Форсман">Форсман</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дикинсън Ричардс (страницата не съществува)">Ричардс</a> 57: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Даниел Бове (страницата не съществува)">Бове</a> 58: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Джордж Бидъл">Бидъл</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Едуард Тейтъм (страницата не съществува)">Тейтъм</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Джошуа Лидърбърг">Лидърбърг</a> 59: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%9E%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%B0" title="Северо Очоа">Очоа</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Артър Корнбърг">Корнбърг</a> <b>60:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Франк Макфарлейн Бърнет">Бърнет</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Питър Медауар">Медауар</a> 61: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Георг фон Бекеши (страницата не съществува)">фон Бекеши</a> 62: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Франсис Крик">Крик</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Джеймс Уотсън">Уотсън</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Морис Уилкинс">Уилкинс</a> 63: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джон Екълс (страницата не съществува)">Екълс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Алън Ходжкин">Ходжкин</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Андрю Хъксли">Хъксли</a> 64: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85" title="Конрад Блох">Блох</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Феодор Линен (страницата не съществува)">Линен</a> 65: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0_%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Франсоа Жакоб">Жакоб</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Андре Лвоф (страницата не съществува)">Лвоф</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Жак Моно">Моно</a> 66: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Пейтън Раус">Раус</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чарлз Хъгинс (страницата не съществува)">Хъгинс</a> 67: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Рагнар Гранит">Гранит</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Хартлайн</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Уолд (страницата не съществува)">Уолд</a> 68: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Робърт Холи">Холи</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хар Гобинд Корана (страницата не съществува)">Корана</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Маршал Ниренбърг (страницата не съществува)">Ниренбърг</a> 69: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BA" title="Макс Делбрюк">Делбрюк</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Алфред Хърши">Хърши</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Салвадор Лурия">Лурия</a> <b>70:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Бернард Кац">Кац</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%84_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Улф фон Ойлер">фон Ойлер</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8A%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джулиъс Акселрод (страницата не съществува)">Акселрод</a> 71: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AA%D1%80%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ърл Съдърленд (страницата не съществува)">Съдърланд</a> 72: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Джералд Еделман">Еделман</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Родни Портър (страницата не съществува)">Портър</a> 73: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Карл фон Фриш">фон Фриш</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86" title="Конрад Лоренц">Лоренц</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нико Тинберген (страницата не съществува)">Тинберген</a> 74: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Албер Клод">Клод</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%8E%D0%B2" title="Кристиан дьо Дюв">Дьо Дюв</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Джордж Паладе">Паладе</a> 75: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дейвид Балтимор (страницата не съществува)">Балтимор</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ренато Дулбеко (страницата не съществува)">Дулбеко</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хауърд Темин (страницата не съществува)">Темин</a> 76: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Барух Блумбърг">Блумбърг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Даниъл Карлтън Гайдъшек">Гайдъшек</a> 77: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Роже Гиймен (страницата не съществува)">Гиймен</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Андрю Шали (страницата не съществува)">Шали</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%AF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Розалин Ялоу">Ялоу</a> 78: <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вернер Арбер">Арбер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Даниел Нейтънс">Нейтънс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Хамилтън Смит">Смит</a> 79: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алан Кормак (страницата не съществува)">Кормак</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4" title="Годфри Хаунсфийлд">Хаунсфийлд</a> <b>80:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Барух Бенасераф (страницата не съществува)">Бенасераф</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Жан Досе">Досе</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Снел (страницата не съществува)">Снел</a> 81: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D1%8E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дейвид Хюбъл (страницата не съществува)">Хюбъл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Роджър Спери">Спери</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Торстен Висел (страницата не съществува)">Висел</a> 82: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Суне Бергстрьом (страницата не съществува)">Бергстрьом</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бенгт Самуелсон (страницата не съществува)">Самуелсон</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джон Вейн (страницата не съществува)">Вейн</a> 83: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BA" title="Барбара Макклинтък">Макклинтък</a> 84: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%99%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Нилс Кай Йерне">Йерне</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%9A%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Георг Кьолер">Кьолер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Сесар Милстейн">Милстейн</a> 85: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Майкъл Браун (генетик) (страницата не съществува)">Браун</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джоузеф Голдстайн (страницата не съществува)">Голдстайн</a> 86: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Стенли Коен">Коен</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Рита Леви-Монталчини">Леви-Монталчини</a> 87: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Сусуму Тонегава">Тонегава</a> 88: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Джеймс Блек">Блек</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гъртруд Елион">Елион</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джордж Хичингс (страницата не съществува)">Хичингс</a> 89: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джон Майкъл Бишоп (страницата не съществува)">Бишоп</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харолд Вармъс (страницата не съществува)">Вармъс</a> <b>90:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джоузеф Мъри (страницата не съществува)">Мъри</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Едуард Донал Томас">Томас</a> 91: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ервин Неер (страницата не съществува)">Неер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Берт Закман">Закман</a> 92: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Едмънд Фишър">Фишър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Едуин Кребс (страницата не съществува)">Е. Кребс</a> 93: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ричард Робъртс (страницата не съществува)">Робъртс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF" title="Филип Шарп">Шарп</a> 94: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алфред Гилмън (страницата не съществува)">Гилмън</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мартин Родбел (страницата не съществува)">Родбел</a> 95: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91._%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Едуард Б. Люис">Люис</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD-%D0%A4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кристиане Нюслейн-Фолхард (страницата не съществува)">Нюслейн-Фолхард</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ерик Вишаус (страницата не съществува)">Вишаус</a> 96: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Питър Дохърти (страницата не съществува)">Дохърти</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ролф Цинкернагел">Цинкернагел</a> 97: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Стенли Прусинър">Прусинър</a> 98: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A4%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Робърт Фърчгот">Фърчгот</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%98%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Луис Игнаро (страницата не съществува)">Игнаро</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ферид Мурад">Мурад</a> 99: <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Гюнтер Блобел">Блобел</a> <b>2000:</b> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Арвид Карлсон">Карлсон</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Пол Грийнгард">Грийнгард</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Ерик Кандел">Кандел</a> 01: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Лиланд Хартуел">Хартуел</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тим Хънт (страницата не съществува)">Хънт</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9D%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81" title="Пол Нърс">Нърс</a> 02: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Сидни Бренър">Бренър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Робърт Хорвиц (страницата не съществува)">Хорвиц</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Джон Сълстън">Сълстън</a> 03: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пол Лотърбър (страницата не съществува)">Лотърбър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Питър Мансфийлд (страницата не съществува)">Мансфийлд</a> 04: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BA" title="Линда Бък">Бък</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ричард Аксел (страницата не съществува)">Аксел</a> 05: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Бари Маршал">Маршал</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Робин Уорън">Уорън</a> 06: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8A%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Андрю Файър (страницата не съществува)">Файър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B3_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Крейг Мело (страницата не съществува)">Мело</a> 07: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Марио Капеки (страницата не съществува)">Капеки</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мартин Евънс (страницата не съществува)">Евънс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Оливър Смитис">Смитис</a> 08: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4_%D1%86%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Харалд цур Хаузен">Хаузен</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Франсоаз Баре-Синуси">Баре-Синуси</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Люк Монтание">Монтание</a> 09: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD" title="Елизабет Блекбърн">Блекбърн</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Карол Грейдър">Грейдър</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джак Шостак (страницата не съществува)">Шостак</a> <b>10</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%95%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Робърт Едуардс (страницата не съществува)">Едуардс</a> 11: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Брус Бойтлер">Бойтлер</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жул Хофман (страницата не съществува)">Хофман</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ралф Стайнман (страницата не съществува)">Стайнман</a> 12: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%93%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Джон Гърдън">Гърдън</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Шиня Яманака">Яманака</a> 13: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Джеймс Ротман">Ротман</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ранди Шекман">Шекман</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%97%D1%8E%D0%B4%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Томас Зюдхоф">Зюдхоф</a> 14: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9E%27%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%84" title="Джон О'Кийф">О'Кийф</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9-%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Май-Брит Мосер">М.-Б. Мосер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Едвард Мосер">Е. Мосер</a> 15: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Уилям Кемпбъл">Кемпбъл</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Сатоши Омура">Омура</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83_%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Ту Йоуйоу">Ту</a> 16: <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Йошинори Осуми">Осуми</a> 17: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Джефри Хол">Хол</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Майкъл Росбаш">Росбаш</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%99%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Майкъл Йънг">Йънг</a> 18: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Джеймс Алисън">Алисън</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE" title="Тасуку Хонджо">Хонджо</a> 19: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Уилям Келин">Келин</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Грег Семенза">Семенза</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Питър Ратклиф">Ратклиф</a> <b>20</b>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Харви Алтър">Алтър</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81" title="Чарлз Райс">Райс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Майкъл Хоутън">Хоутън</a> 21: <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8A%D1%81" title="Дейвид Джулиъс">Джулиъс</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD" title="Ардем Патапутян">Патапутян</a> 22: <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Сванте Паабо">Паабо</a> 23: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Каталин Карико">Карико</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%8E_%D0%A3%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дрю Уейсман">Уейсман</a> 24: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виктор Амброс (страницата не съществува)">Амброс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гари Рувкун (страницата не съществува)">Рувкун</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ededff;;"><div> Наградата не е присъждана през: 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1921, 1925, 1940, 1941, 1942 г.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Взето от „<a dir="ltr" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн&oldid=9953876">https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Холдън_Кефър_Хартлайн&oldid=9953876</a>“.</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специални:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Категория:Американски биофизици">Американски биофизици</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Категория:Носители на Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина">Носители на Нобелова награда за физиология или медицина</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скрити категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_1903_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Категория:Родени през 1903 година">Родени през 1903 година</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_22_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Категория:Родени на 22 декември">Родени на 22 декември</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_1983_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Категория:Починали през 1983 година">Починали през 1983 година</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_17_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Категория:Починали на 17 март">Починали на 17 март</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%BB%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_ISBN" title="Категория:Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN">Страници, използващи вълшебни препратки ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промяна на страницата е извършена на 24 февруари 2020 г. в 15:23 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстът е достъпен под лиценза <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.bg">Creative Commons Признание-Споделяне на споделеното</a>; може да са приложени допълнителни условия. За подробности вижте <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/bg">Условия за ползване</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Поверителност</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%97%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8">За контакт с Уикипедия</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5">Предупреждение</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Кодекс на поведение</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">За разработчици</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/bg.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Използване на „бисквитки“</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//bg.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобилен изглед</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-f6w29","wgBackendResponseTime":132,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.318","walltime":"0.715","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2294,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":57417,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6017,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1022,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.78% 562.303 2 Шаблон:Infobox","100.00% 557.961 1 -total"," 94.47% 527.131 1 Шаблон:Личност"," 58.16% 324.517 37 Шаблон:Wd"," 14.30% 79.785 6 Шаблон:Data"," 7.51% 41.922 1 Шаблон:Личност/Учен"," 6.50% 36.248 2 Шаблон:Във"," 3.02% 16.830 1 Шаблон:Нобел_физиология_или_медицина"," 2.45% 13.678 1 Шаблон:Lang"," 2.32% 12.928 1 Шаблон:Навигационен_шаблон"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.188","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3142012,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d9797f5d-tjrw9","timestamp":"20241120011515","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0425\u043e\u043b\u0434\u044a\u043d \u041a\u0435\u0444\u044a\u0440 \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d","url":"https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q309879","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q309879","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0423\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2012-12-22T20:08:56Z","dateModified":"2020-02-24T15:23:05Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/3d\/HKHartline.png"}</script> </body> </html>