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<span>Competitions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Competitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Mòd_Fringe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Mòd_Fringe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>The Mòd Fringe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Mòd_Fringe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Media coverage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_and_future_festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_and_future_festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Past and future festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_and_future_festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div 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href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B2d_Genedlaethol_yr_Alban" title="Mòd Genedlaethol yr Alban – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mòd Genedlaethol yr Alban" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_National_M%C3%B2d" title="Royal National Mòd – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Royal National Mòd" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B2d" title="Mòd – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mòd" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga 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class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">The Royal National Mòd</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg/250px-An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg/375px-An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg/500px-An_Comunn_Gaidhealach_-_geograph.org.uk_-_885559.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">Poetry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">traditional music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Choral_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Choral music">choral music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">spoken word</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">drama</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dates</th><td class="infobox-data">October</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1892 – present</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Royal National Mòd</b> (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd"><b>Am Mòd Nàiseanta Rìoghail</b></i>) is an <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a>-inspired international <a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_festivals" title="List of Celtic festivals">Celtic festival</a> focusing upon <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish traditional music">traditional music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scottish_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish culture">culture</a> which is held annually in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. It is the largest of several major Scottish <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2d" title="Mòd">Mòds</a> and is often referred to simply as <b>the Mòd</b>. </p><p>The Mòd is run by <i><a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a></i> (The Gaelic Association) and includes competitions and awards. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mòd was founded by <a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a>. <a href="/wiki/St_Columba_Church_of_Scotland,_Glasgow" title="St Columba Church of Scotland, Glasgow">St Columba's Church, Glasgow</a>, also greatly influenced the Mòd's inception when, in 1891, its choir was invited to give a Gaelic Concert in <a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a>, presided over by Lord <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_1st_Baron_Blythswood" title="Archibald Campbell, 1st Baron Blythswood">Archibald Campbell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Columba_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Columba-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concert was attended by much of the <a href="/wiki/Noblesse" class="mw-redirect" title="Noblesse">Scottish nobility</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Louise,_Princess_Royal_and_Duchess_of_Fife" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife">Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife</a>. After the concert, the choir were entertained to supper at the Alexandra Hotel, and a description of the entertainment is given in one of <a href="/wiki/William_Black_(novelist)" title="William Black (novelist)">William Black</a>'s novels.<sup id="cite_ref-Columba_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Columba-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This concert was the prelude to the first Mòd, which was held at Oban the following year and St. Columba Choir won the award in the <a href="/wiki/Choral_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Choral music">Choral music</a> competition.<sup id="cite_ref-Columba_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Columba-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The poet, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_singer" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional singer">traditional singer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Highland_Land_League" title="Highland Land League">Highland Land League</a> activist <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A0iri_Mh%C3%B2r_nan_%C3%92ran" title="Màiri Mhòr nan Òran">Màiri Mhòr nan Òran</a> (1821–1898), performed in the first Mòd's Gaelic song competition, but she was not awarded a medal.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Mòd has been held most years in October since 1892. The only years in which the National Mòd was not held were during the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> of 1914–1919, the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> 1939–1946, and the <a href="/wiki/Covid_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Covid pandemic">Covid pandemic</a> year of 2020. The "Royal" was not originally part of the name. It is still the practice of the St Columba's Church to send a concert party to start off the fund-raising when the Mòd visits <a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a>. As well as winning the premier choir competition for the first three years, the congregation has also had many Mòd gold medallists over the years. </p><p>The Mòd itself has been greatly influenced by the <a href="/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales" title="National Eisteddfod of Wales">National Eisteddfod of Wales</a>, although it tends to be somewhat more restrained in its ceremonial aspects.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (July 2017)">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to Ronald Black, "In 1923, following the example of the Welsh <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a>, <i>An Commun Gàidhealach</i> simplified the structure of its annual poetry competitions into a single contest for a Bardic Crown (<i>Crùn na Bàrdachd</i>), the winner to be acknowledged as Bard of An Commun (<i>Bàird a' Chomuinn Ghàidhealaich</i>) for the coming year. The man behind the move, not surprisingly, was Angus Robertson, then President of An Comunn. Offering a distinctive middle path between traditional and modern verse, the competition produced much work of note which deserves to be put into perspective... (Many subsidiary prizes remained; <a href="/wiki/Sorley_Maclean" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorley Maclean">Sorley Maclean</a> won a junior one in 1928, while in 1946 <a href="/wiki/Derick_Thomson" title="Derick Thomson">Derick Thomson</a> won a gold medal as the most distinguished entrant in the literary competitions generally). The Bard was crowned each year at the closing concert of the Mòd. Astonishingly, unlike in Wales, the winning poem itself formed no part of the proceedings... In 1978 no award was made because no entry was of adequate quality. It was the second time in five years that this had happened, and in March 1979 An Comunn announced that the Bardic Crown would no longer be awarded."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A watershed moment took place during the 2011 Royal National Mòd at <a href="/wiki/Stornoway" title="Stornoway">Stornoway</a>, when the poetry of Lewis MacKinnon, composed in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Gaelic" title="Canadian Gaelic">Canadian Gaelic</a> dialect spoken in <a href="/wiki/Antigonish_County" title="Antigonish County">Antigonish County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, won the <a href="/wiki/Crowning_of_the_Bard" title="Crowning of the Bard">Bardic Crown</a>. It was the first time in the history of the Mòd that such an award had been granted to a non-Scot.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competitions">Competitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Competitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mòd largely takes the form of formal competitions. Choral events and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">traditional music</a> including Gaelic song, <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bagpipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagpipe">bagpipe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clarsach" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarsach">clarsach</a> and folk groups dominate. <a href="/wiki/Spoken_word" title="Spoken word">Spoken word</a> events include children's and adults' <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a> reading, storytelling and <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> reading, and categories such as Ancient Folk Tale or Humorous <a href="/wiki/Monologue" title="Monologue">Monologue</a>. Children can also present an original <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">drama</a>, and there are prose and poetry competitions in written <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a>. The Mòd also runs an annual <a href="/wiki/Shinty" title="Shinty">shinty</a> competition, the Mòd Cup, between the two shinty teams closest to where the Mòd is taking place. </p><p>The winners of each day's competitions are invited to perform in the winners' <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ilidh" title="Cèilidh">cèilidhs</a> held every evening. </p><p>The Mòd is a celebration of [Scottish] Gaelic language and culture,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_Feb_2015_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_Feb_2015-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which raises its profile and contributes towards the aim of securing its future.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2002-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Improvements in and the recent mass expansion of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic-medium_education" title="Scottish Gaelic-medium education">Scottish Gaelic-medium education</a> across Scotland has meant that beginning in 2007 the junior fluent speakers' section increased to such an extent that the organisers were forced to extend some Mòd competitions beyond one day.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2007_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Culturally, the Mòd is comparable to the <a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> <a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a> <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Mòd_Fringe"><span id="The_M.C3.B2d_Fringe"></span>The Mòd Fringe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Mòd Fringe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG/300px-Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG/450px-Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG/600px-Gathan_air_an_Iomall_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Na Gathan performing at the Mòd Fringe in Falkirk</figcaption></figure> <p>The Mòd draws a large crowd, which leads local venues to put on various events in addition to the official Mòd events. These events are collectively referred to as the <b>Mòd Fringe</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To participants, the Mòd is also an opportunity to meet with old friends and make new ones.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There has been some recent criticism of the "Gold Medal" event, which favors the style of Gaelic singing as adapted into the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> <a href="/wiki/Art_song" title="Art song">art song</a> tradition, which was popularized in the early 20th century by <a href="/wiki/Marjory_Kennedy-Fraser" title="Marjory Kennedy-Fraser">Marjory Kennedy-Fraser</a>. Some 21st century <a href="/wiki/Scottish_traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish traditional music">Scottish traditional musicians</a> now allege that the contest has long marginalised more <a href="/wiki/Traditional_singer" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional singer">traditional singers</a> like the late <a href="/wiki/Flora_MacNeil" title="Flora MacNeil">Flora MacNeil</a> and their styles.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is not a new criticism, however. In conversation with American <a href="/wiki/Ethnomusicologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnomusicologist">ethnomusicologist</a> Amy Murray, Fr. <a href="/wiki/Allan_MacDonald_(poet)" title="Allan MacDonald (poet)">Allan MacDonald</a> (1859-1905), an iconic poet in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a>, once said that the choral arrangements of Gaelic songs usually performed at the Mòd during its inception were based on "collections noted both on the staff and in <a href="/wiki/Tonic_Sol-Fa" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonic Sol-Fa">Tonic Sol-Fa</a>, with of course all the twists and turns cut out", and were "As though you were to fit a statue into a box by taking off the nose and ears."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, Scottish traditional musician <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fergus_Munro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fergus Munro (page does not exist)">Fergus Munro</a> has also gone on the record, as Scotland has grown increasingly secularised, as a critic of what he alleges is a growing tendency to exclude both <a href="/wiki/Christian_poetry" title="Christian poetry">Christian poetry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_psalm_singing" title="Gaelic psalm singing">Gaelic psalm</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">hymn</a>-singing from the Mòd.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, the Mòd is popularly known as the "<a href="/wiki/Scotch_whisky" title="Scotch whisky">Whisky</a> Olympics",<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2002-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is considered, "either a vicious slur or fair comment".<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2008_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2008-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_coverage">Media coverage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Media coverage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/BBC_Scotland" title="BBC Scotland">BBC Scotland</a> has traditionally broadcast Mòd highlights on <a href="/wiki/BBC_One_Scotland" title="BBC One Scotland">BBC One</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two_Scotland" title="BBC Two Scotland">BBC Two</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_nan_G%C3%A0idheal" title="BBC Radio nan Gàidheal">Radio nan Gàidheal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2002-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its introduction in 2008, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Alba_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Alba (TV channel)">BBC Alba</a> has provided coverage in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Gaelic</a>. Presenters have included traditional musician, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Gaelic speaker</a> and broadcaster, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Kennedy_(Scottish_singer)" title="Mary Ann Kennedy (Scottish singer)">Mary Ann Kennedy</a> and Gaelic broadcaster <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cathy_Crombie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cathy Crombie (page does not exist)">Cathy Crombie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2002-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_and_future_festivals">Past and future festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Past and future festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mòd is held each October, and has been held in the following locations throughout <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, both <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highlands" title="Scottish Highlands">Highland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Lowlands" title="Scottish Lowlands">Lowland</a>. </p><p>These are the host locations to date:<sup id="cite_ref-SMO_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMO-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> - 1946, 1955, 1964, 1976</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airdrie,_North_Lanarkshire" title="Airdrie, North Lanarkshire">Airdrie</a> - 1993</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviemore" title="Aviemore">Aviemore</a> - 1969</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayr" title="Ayr">Ayr</a> - 1973</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blairgowrie_and_Rattray" title="Blairgowrie and Rattray">Blairgowrie</a> - 1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingwall" title="Dingwall">Dingwall</a> - 1905, 1931, 1991</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee">Dundee</a> - 1902, 1913, 1937, 1959, 1974</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunoon" title="Dunoon">Dunoon</a> - 1930, 1950, 1968, 1994, 2000, 2006, 2012, 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Kilbride" title="East Kilbride">East Kilbride</a> - 1975</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> - 1899, 1910, 1919, 1928, 1935, 1951, 1960, 1986</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk">Falkirk</a> - 2008</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_William,_Scotland" title="Fort William, Scotland">Fort William</a> - 1922, 1927, 1932, 1981, 1985, 1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> - 1895, 1901, 1907, 1911, 1921, 1933, 1938, 1948, 1958, 1967, 1988, 1990, 2019</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golspie" title="Golspie">Golspie</a> - 1977, 1995</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenock" title="Greenock">Greenock</a> - 1904, 1925</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness" title="Inverness">Inverness</a> - 1897, 1903, 1912, 1923, 1936, 1949, 1957, 1966, 1972, 1984, 1997, 2014, 2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Largs" title="Largs">Largs</a> - 1956, 1965, 2002</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochaber" title="Lochaber">Lochaber</a> - 2007, 2017</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motherwell" title="Motherwell">Motherwell</a> - 1983</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oban" title="Oban">Oban</a> - 1892, 1893, 1894, 1898, 1906, 1920, 1926, 1934, 1953, 1962, 1970, 1978, 1992, 2003, 2009, 2015</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley,_Renfrewshire" title="Paisley, Renfrewshire">Paisley</a> - 2013, 2023</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a> - 1896, 1900, 1924, 1929, 1947, 1954, 1963, 1980, 2004, 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothesay,_Bute" class="mw-redirect" title="Rothesay, Bute">Rothesay</a> - 1908, 1952</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a> - 1982</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skye_and_Lochalsh" title="Skye and Lochalsh">Skye and Lochalsh</a> - 1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a> - 1909, 1961, 1971, 1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway" title="Stornoway">Stornoway</a> - 1979, 1989, 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurso" title="Thurso">Thurso</a> - 2010</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Western Isles</a> - 2005, 2011, 2016</li></ul> </div> <p>The locations for upcoming Mòds are:<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Oban - October 2024</li> <li>Lochaber - October 2025</li> <li>Glasgow - October 2026</li> <li>Western Isles - October 2027</li></ul> <p>The southernmost host location is Ayr, the easternmost Aberdeen and the northernmost is Thurso. As can be seen from the list, certain locations are more favoured. Areas with large amounts of hall space and accommodation are favoured. </p><p>Some notable areas of Scotland that have never been visited by the Mòd include <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Arran" title="Isle of Arran">Arran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islay" title="Islay">Islay</a> (which has a significant Gaelic-speaking population), <a href="/wiki/Dumfries_and_Galloway" title="Dumfries and Galloway">Dumfries and Galloway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, Angus (outwith Dundee), most of North East Scotland, <a href="/wiki/Loch_Lomond" title="Loch Lomond">Loch Lomond</a>-side etc. </p><p>The Mòd has never been to the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Isles" title="Northern Isles">Northern Isles</a>, but there is little connection between these areas and the Gaelic language. </p><p>Unlike the National Eisteddfod, the National Mòd has never been held in England. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales" title="National Eisteddfod of Wales">National Eisteddfod of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_festivals" title="List of Celtic festivals">List of Celtic festivals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Columba-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Columba_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Columba_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Columba_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highlandcathedral.org/history.php?section=history&resource=congregation&id=9">"Encouragement to the Gaelic Mod"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071022223308/http://www.highlandcathedral.org/history.php?section=history&resource=congregation&id=9">Archived</a> 22 October 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in <i>The Highlander's Friend Chapter 9</i>, Highland Cathedral, St Columba's Church of Scotland</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dòmhnall Eachainn Meek,“Màiri Mhòr nan Òran : Taghadh de a h-Òrain” (Dùn Eideann : Comann Litreachas Gàidhlig na h-Alba, 1998) pp. 27–28, 30</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Somhairle Mac Gill-eain, "Ris a' Bhruaithaich The Criticism and Prose Writing of Sorley MacLean" (Stornoway : Acair, 1985) 251</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Black (1999), <i>An Tuil: Anthology of 20th Century Scottish Gaelic Verse</i>, p. 821.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ross, David (19 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heraldscotland.com/news/13038472.non-scot-is-gaelic-bard-for-first-time/">"Non-Scot is Gaelic Bard for first time".</a> <i>The Herald</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Feb_2015-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Feb_2015_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-31097725">"Mod generated £3.5m for Inverness"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 3 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Mod+generated+%C2%A33.5m+for+Inverness&rft.date=2015-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-highlands-islands-31097725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2002-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2002_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacLeodStewart2002" class="citation news cs1">MacLeod, Murdo; Stewart, Fiona (12 October 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/mod-2002-and-20000-gaels-blow-festival-music-2467208">"Mod 2002 - and 20,000 Gaels blow in for festival of music"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scotsman" title="The Scotsman">The Scotsman</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Johnston_Press" title="Johnston Press">Johnston Press</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Mod+2002+-+and+20%2C000+Gaels+blow+in+for+festival+of+music&rft.date=2002-10-12&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Murdo&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Fiona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fwhats-on%2Farts-and-entertainment%2Fmod-2002-and-20000-gaels-blow-festival-music-2467208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2007-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2007_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotsman.com/news/scotland/top-stories/mod-s-fluent-youth-speaks-volumes-for-gaelic-education-1-695912">"Mod's fluent youth speaks volumes for Gaelic education"</a>. <i>The Scotsman</i>. Johnston Press. 16 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Mod%27s+fluent+youth+speaks+volumes+for+Gaelic+education&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fscotland%2Ftop-stories%2Fmod-s-fluent-youth-speaks-volumes-for-gaelic-education-1-695912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHouse2014" class="citation news cs1">House, Ellie (10 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inverness-courier.co.uk/News/Mod-expected-to-generate-3-million-for-Inverness-economy-say-organisers-10102014.htm">"Mod expected to generate £3 million for Inverness economy, say organisers"</a>. <i>Inverness Courier</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inverness+Courier&rft.atitle=Mod+expected+to+generate+%C2%A33+million+for+Inverness+economy%2C+say+organisers&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.aulast=House&rft.aufirst=Ellie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inverness-courier.co.uk%2FNews%2FMod-expected-to-generate-3-million-for-Inverness-economy-say-organisers-10102014.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotsman.com/news/gold-medal-controversy-casts-a-shadow-over-mod-performances-1-695184">"Gold Medal controversy casts a shadow over Mod performances"</a>. <i>www.scotsman.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.scotsman.com&rft.atitle=Gold+Medal+controversy+casts+a+shadow+over+Mod+performances&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fgold-medal-controversy-casts-a-shadow-over-mod-performances-1-695184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Roger Hutchinson (2010), <i>Father Allan: The Life and Legacy of a Hebridean Priest</i>, <a href="/wiki/Birlinn_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Birlinn Limited">Birlinn Limited</a>. pp. 177–178.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Amy Murray (1920), <i>Father Allan's Island</i>, Harcourt, Brace and Howe, New York City. p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.feisean.org/fuaran/en/songs/a-christmas-hymn-a-solis-ortus-cardine/">Laoidh mun Nollaig</a> by Fr. Allan MacDonald.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scotsman_Oct_2008-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scotsman_Oct_2008_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2008" class="citation news cs1">Ross, Peter (18 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150203120054/http://www.scotsman.com/news/peter-ross-whisky-olympics-continue-to-thrive-in-a-mod-ern-world-1-1438586">"Whisky Olympics continue to thrive in a Mod-ern world"</a>. <i>The Scotsman</i>. Johnston Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotsman.com/news/peter-ross-whisky-olympics-continue-to-thrive-in-a-mod-ern-world-1-1438586">the original</a> on 3 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Whisky+Olympics+continue+to+thrive+in+a+Mod-ern+world&rft.date=2008-10-18&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fpeter-ross-whisky-olympics-continue-to-thrive-in-a-mod-ern-world-1-1438586&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMO-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SMO_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/mod/">"Am Mòd Nàiseanta - Ionadan gach bliadhna (The National Mòd - Centres every year)"</a>. <i>uhi.ac.uk</i> (in Scottish Gaelic). <a href="/wiki/Sabhal_M%C3%B2r_Ostaig" title="Sabhal Mòr Ostaig">Sabhal Mòr Ostaig</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uhi.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Am+M%C3%B2d+N%C3%A0iseanta+-+Ionadan+gach+bliadhna+%28The+National+M%C3%B2d+-+Centres+every+year%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.smo.uhi.ac.uk%2Fgaidhlig%2Fmod%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancomunn.co.uk/news/acgdetail/lochaber-to-host-royal-national-mod-2025">"Lochaber to host Royal National Mòd 2025"</a>. <i>www.ancomunn.co.uk</i> (Press release). An Comunn Gàidhealach. 22 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lochaber+to+host+Royal+National+M%C3%B2d+2025&rft.pub=An+Comunn+G%C3%A0idhealach&rft.date=2023-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancomunn.co.uk%2Fnews%2Facgdetail%2Flochaber-to-host-royal-national-mod-2025&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancomunn.co.uk/nationalmod/moddetail/glasgow-and-the-western-isles-to-host-the-royal-national-mod-in-2026-and-20">"Glasgow and the Western Isles to host the Royal National Mòd in 2026 and 2027"</a>. <i>www.ancomunn.co.uk</i> (Press release). An Comunn Gàidhealach. 4 June 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glasgow+and+the+Western+Isles+to+host+the+Royal+National+M%C3%B2d+in+2026+and+2027&rft.pub=An+Comunn+G%C3%A0idhealach&rft.date=2024-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancomunn.co.uk%2Fnationalmod%2Fmoddetail%2Fglasgow-and-the-western-isles-to-host-the-royal-national-mod-in-2026-and-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoyal+National+M%C3%B2d" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_National_M%C3%B2d&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Scottish_Gaelic_language" title="Template:Scottish Gaelic language"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scottish_Gaelic_language" title="Template talk:Scottish Gaelic language"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scottish_Gaelic_language" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scottish Gaelic language"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Scottish_Gaelic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Scottish_Gaelic" title="History of Scottish Gaelic">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" title="Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Celtic_languages" title="Insular Celtic languages">Insular Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Goidelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Primitive Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelicisation" title="Gaelicisation">Gaelicisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Irish" title="Early Modern Irish">Early Modern Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_Renaissance" title="Scottish Gaelic Renaissance">Renaissance</a> <small>(present)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dialects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Minch_Gaelic" title="Mid-Minch Gaelic">Mid-Minch Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_Gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebridean Gaelic">Hebridean Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyll_Gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Argyll Gaelic">Argyll Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sutherland_Gaelic" title="East Sutherland Gaelic">East Sutherland Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galwegian_Gaelic" title="Galwegian Gaelic">Galwegian Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Gaelic" title="Canadian Gaelic">Canadian Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_phonology_and_orthography" title="Scottish Gaelic phonology and orthography">Dialect phonology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_grammar" title="Scottish Gaelic grammar">Grammar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic alphabet">Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_and_independent_verb_forms" title="Dependent and independent verb forms">Dependent and independent verb forms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_orthography" title="Scottish Gaelic orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Scottish_Gaelic" title="Bible translations into Scottish Gaelic">Bible translations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_dictionaries" title="Scottish Gaelic dictionaries">Dictionaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Official <br />support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaelic_development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaelic development (page does not exist)">Gaelic development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2rd_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Bòrd na Gàidhlig">Bòrd na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%AC_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Clì Gàidhlig">Clì Gàidhlig</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gaelic_College" title="The Gaelic College">The Gaelic College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabhal_M%C3%B2r_Ostaig" title="Sabhal Mòr Ostaig">Sabhal Mòr Ostaig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_(Scotland)_Act_1872" title="Education (Scotland) Act 1872">Education (Scotland) Act 1872</a> <small>(past)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Language_(Scotland)_Act_2005" title="Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005">Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_broadcasting_in_Scotland" title="Gaelic broadcasting in Scotland">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Newspapers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A0na" title="Dàna">Dàna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway_Gazette" title="Stornoway Gazette">Stornoway Gazette</a> <small>(sporadic)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Highland_Free_Press" title="West Highland Free Press">West Highland Free Press</a> <small>(sporadic)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcasting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Alba" title="BBC Alba">BBC Alba</a> <small>(<span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/BBC_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="BBC Gàidhlig">BBC Gàidhlig</a></i></span>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_nan_G%C3%A0idheal" title="BBC Radio nan Gàidheal">BBC Radio <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">nan Gàidheal</i></span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acair_(publisher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acair (publisher) (page does not exist)">Acair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akerbeltz_(publisher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akerbeltz (publisher) (page does not exist)">Akerbeltz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birlinn_(publisher)" title="Birlinn (publisher)">Birlinn</a></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/CL%C3%80R" title="CLÀR">CLÀR</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/%C3%99r-sgeul" title="Ùr-sgeul">Ùr-sgeul</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_medium_education_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelic medium education in Scotland">Gaelic-medium education</a></li> <li><i><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A0idhealtachd" title="Gàidhealtachd">Gàidhealtachd</a></i></span></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_name" title="Scottish Gaelic name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_music" title="Gaelic music">Music</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The <i><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Mòd</i></span></i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_road_signs_in_Scotland" title="Gaelic road signs in Scotland">Road signs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Scottish_Gaelic_language" title="Category:Scottish Gaelic language">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gaels" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gaels" title="Template:Gaels"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a 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href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Nine Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutes_of_Iona" title="Statutes of Iona">Statutes of Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">Jacobite rising of 1745</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Highland Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_revival" title="Gaelic revival">Gaelic Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaeltacht" title="Gaeltacht">Gaeltacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A0idhealtachd" title="Gàidhealtachd">Gàidhealtachd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaelic culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_law" title="Early Irish law">Brehon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Gaelic mythology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_warfare" title="Gaelic warfare">Gaelic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_astrology" title="Early Irish astrology">Gaelic astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_kinship" title="Irish kinship">Gaelic kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_bardic_poetry" title="Irish bardic poetry">Bardic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_literature" title="Gaelic literature">Gaelic literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_literature" title="Early Irish literature">Early Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Modern Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic</a> & <a href="/wiki/Manx_literature" title="Manx literature">Manx</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_type" title="Gaelic type">Gaelic type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1inne" title="Fáinne">Fáinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_folk_music" title="Gaelic folk music">Gaelic folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_singing" title="Sean-nós singing">Sean-nós singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Am Mòd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_games" title="Gaelic games">Gaelic games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAath" title="Túath">Túath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Insular Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-Scottish_mission" title="Hiberno-Scottish mission">Gaelic Christian mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Primitive Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Classical_Gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Gaelic">Classical Gaelic</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_language" title="Manx language">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Irish" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irish_clans" title="Irish clans">Irish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_royal_families" title="Irish royal families">Royal families</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Irish_kings" title="Lists of Irish kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_medical_families" title="Irish medical families">Medical families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_nobility_of_Ireland" title="Gaelic nobility of Ireland">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_genealogy" title="Irish genealogy">Genealogy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="List" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans" title="List of Irish clans">List</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connachta" title="Connachta">Connachta</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Uí Néill">Uí Néill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Airgíalla">Clan Colla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Mh%C3%A1ine" title="Uí Mháine">Uí Mháine</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalcassians" title="Dalcassians">Dalcassians</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9isi" title="Déisi">Déisi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B3ganachta" title="Eóganachta">Eóganachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iverni" title="Iverni">Érainn</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corcu_Lo%C3%ADgde" title="Corcu Loígde">Corcu Loígde</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Fiatach" title="Dál Fiatach">Dál Fiatach</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laigin" title="Laigin">Laigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_nAraidi" title="Dál nAraidi">Dál nAraidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conmaicne" title="Conmaicne">Conmaicne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADarraige" title="Cíarraige">Cíarraige</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans_in_Ulster" title="List of Irish clans in Ulster">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan" title="Scottish clan">Scottish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_clans" title="List of Scottish clans">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Adar%C3%A1s_na_Gaeltachta" title="Údarás na Gaeltachta">Údarás na Gaeltachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge" title="Foras na Gaeilge">Foras na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2rd_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Bòrd na Gàidhlig">Bòrd na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_Vannin" title="Culture Vannin">Culture Vannin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conradh_na_Gaeilge" title="Conradh na Gaeilge">Conradh na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yn_%C3%87heshaght_Ghailckagh" title="Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh">Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seachtain_na_Gaeilge" title="Seachtain na Gaeilge">Seachtain na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gael_Linn" title="Gael Linn">Gael Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ULTACH_Trust" title="ULTACH Trust">ULTACH Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comunn_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Comunn na Gàidhlig">Comunn na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Project" title="Columba Project">Columba Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clans_of_Ireland" title="Clans of Ireland">Clans of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Coimisin%C3%A9ir_Teanga" title="An Coimisinéir Teanga">An Coimisinéir Teanga</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269" title="Haplogroup R-M269">Haplogroup R-M269</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_British_Isles" title="Genetic history of the British Isles">human genetics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse%E2%80%93Gaels" title="Norse–Gaels">Norse–Gaels</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_%C3%8Dmair" title="Uí Ímair">Uí Ímair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLeod" title="Clan MacLeod">Clan MacLeod</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Munster" title="Kingdom of Munster">Kingdom of Munster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Kingdom of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelicisation" title="Gaelicisation">Gaelicisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Gaels" title="Category:Gaels">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_music_events_and_festivals_of_Scotland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_festivals_in_Scotland" title="Template:Music festivals in Scotland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_festivals_in_Scotland" title="Template talk:Music festivals in Scotland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_festivals_in_Scotland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music festivals in Scotland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_music_events_and_festivals_of_Scotland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major music events and festivals of Scotland</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Benefit concerts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Be in Belhaven</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_50,000_%E2%80%93_The_Final_Push" title="Edinburgh 50,000 – The Final Push">Live 8 Edinburgh</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GClef.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G-clef"><img alt="G-clef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/30px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/45px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/60px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></a><figcaption>G-clef</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dance/Electronic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RockNess" title="RockNess">RockNess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk/Traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceilidh_Culture" title="Ceilidh Culture">Ceilidh Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Connections" title="Celtic Connections">Celtic Connections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_Celtic_Festival" title="Hebridean Celtic Festival">Hebridean Celtic Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B2d" title="Mòd">Mòd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Meeting" title="Northern Meeting">Northern Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Edinburgh_Military_Tattoo" title="Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo">Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solas_Festival" title="Solas Festival">Solas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Pipe_Band_Championships" title="World Pipe Band Championships">World Pipe Band Championships</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indie</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connect_Music_Festival" title="Connect Music Festival">Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Skye_Music_Festival" title="Isle of Skye Music Festival">Isle of Skye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan_Heart_Festival" title="Tartan Heart Festival">Tartan Heart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jazz</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Callander_Jazz_and_Blues_Festival" title="Callander Jazz and Blues Festival">Callander Jazz and Blues Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rock/Alternative rock</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Edge_Festival" title="The Edge Festival">The Edge Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_in_the_Park" title="T in the Park">T in the Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRNSMT" title="TRNSMT">TRNSMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickerman_Festival" title="Wickerman Festival">Wickerman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_International_Youth_Festival" title="Aberdeen International Youth Festival">Aberdeen International Youth Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_in_Falkirk" title="Big in Falkirk">Big in Falkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Festival" title="Edinburgh International Festival">Edinburgh International Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killin_Music_Festival" title="Killin Music Festival">Killin Music Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_at_Loch_Lomond" title="Live at Loch Lomond">Live at Loch Lomond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loopallu_Festival" title="Loopallu Festival">Loopallu Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montrose_Music_Festival" title="Montrose Music Festival">Montrose Music Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perthshire_Amber" title="Perthshire Amber">Perthshire Amber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skye_Live_Festival" title="Skye Live Festival">Skye Live Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Magnus_Festival" title="St Magnus Festival">St Magnus Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Outsider_Festival" title="The Outsider Festival">The Outsider</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scotland" title="Portal:Scotland">Scotland portal</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Scotland_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scotland_topics" title="Template:Scotland topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scotland_topics" title="Template talk:Scotland topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Scotland_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Scotland" title="Outline of Scotland">Outline of Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Scotland" title="History of Scotland">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Scottish_history" title="Timeline of Scottish history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Scotland" title="Prehistoric Scotland">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_during_the_Roman_Empire" title="Scotland during the Roman Empire">Roman times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Early_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_High_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidian_Revolution" title="Davidian Revolution">Davidian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_Scottish_Independence" title="Wars of Scottish Independence">Wars of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Late_Middle_Ages" title="Scotland in the Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_in_Scotland" title="Renaissance in Scotland">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_early_modern_period" title="Scotland in the early modern period">Early modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Scottish colonization of the Americas">Colonisation of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution_in_Scotland" title="Glorious Revolution in Scotland">Glorious Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Union" title="Treaty of Union">Treaty of Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">1707 Acts of Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Enlightenment" title="Scottish Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowland_Clearances" title="Lowland Clearances">Lowland Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Highland Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_Scotland" title="Industrial Revolution in Scotland">Industrial Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Scotland" title="Romanticism in Scotland">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_modern_era" title="Scotland in the modern era">Modern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Scotland" title="Geography of Scotland">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Scottish_border" title="Anglo-Scottish border">Anglo-Scottish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Belt" title="Central Belt">Central Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Scotland" title="Climate of Scotland">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Scotland" title="Conservation in Scotland">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Scotland" title="Fauna of Scotland">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Scotland" title="Flora of Scotland">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Scotland" title="Geology of Scotland">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Highlands" title="Scottish Highlands">Highlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Scotland" title="List of islands of Scotland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lochs_of_Scotland" title="List of lochs of Scotland">Lochs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Lowlands" title="Scottish Lowlands">Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountains_and_hills_of_Scotland" title="Mountains and hills of Scotland">Mountains and hills</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_mountains_in_Scotland" title="List of highest mountains in Scotland">Highest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Scotland" title="Protected areas of Scotland">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Scotland" title="List of waterfalls in Scotland">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_valleys_of_Scotland" title="List of valleys of Scotland">Glens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Scotland" title="List of ecoregions in Scotland">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biosphere_reserves_in_Scotland" title="List of biosphere reserves in Scotland">Biosphere reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Scotland" title="Environment of Scotland">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Scotland" title="Municipalities of Scotland">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Munro_mountains" title="List of Munro mountains">Munro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Scotland" title="Politics of Scotland">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Scotland">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Scotland" title="Politics of Scotland">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Government" title="Scottish Government">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_governments" title="List of Scottish governments">List of governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_of_Scotland" title="International relations of Scotland">International relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_devolution" title="Scottish devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Scotland" title="Elections in Scotland">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Scotland" title="Electoral system of Scotland">Electoral system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal_of_Scotland" title="Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland">Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="Deputy First Minister of Scotland">Deputy First Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Scotland" title="Great Seal of Scotland">Great Seal of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights in Scotland">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Scotland" title="LGBT rights in Scotland">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Scotland" title="Local government in Scotland">Local government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_Scotland" title="History of local government in Scotland">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Scotland" title="Cities of Scotland">Cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_forces_in_Scotland" title="Armed forces in Scotland">Armed forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Scotland" title="Military history of Scotland">Military history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_monarchs" title="List of Scottish monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Scotland" title="Lists of MPs for constituencies in Scotland">Members of Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Member of the Scottish Parliament">Member of the Scottish Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Scotland" title="List of political parties in Scotland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_republicanism" title="Scottish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_Office" title="Scotland Office">Scotland Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Scotland" title="Unionism in Scotland">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Scots_law" title="Scots law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advocate_General_for_Scotland" title="Advocate General for Scotland">Advocate General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Scotland" title="Courts of Scotland">Courts</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_courts_in_Scotland" title="List of courts in Scotland">List</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Courts_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Courts of Scotland">Supreme Courts of Scotland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Court_of_Session" title="Court of Session">Court of Session</a>, <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Justiciary" title="High Court of Justiciary">High Court of Justiciary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Accountant_of_Court" title="Office of the Accountant of Court">Office of the Accountant of Court</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Office_and_Procurator_Fiscal_Service" title="Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service">Crown Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Advocate" title="Lord Advocate">Lord Advocate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Court_of_Session" title="Lord President of the Court of Session">Lord President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procurator_fiscal" title="Procurator fiscal">Procurator fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_for_Scotland" title="Solicitor General for Scotland">Solicitor General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriff_principal" title="Sheriff principal">Sheriff principal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Justice" title="College of Justice">College of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scots_property_law" title="Scots property law">Scots property law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udal_law" title="Udal law">Udal law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_population_of_Scotland" title="Prison population of Scotland">Prison population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Scotland" title="Economy of Scotland">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Scotland" title="Agriculture in Scotland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Scotland" title="Bank of Scotland">Bank of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charities_in_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Charities in Scotland">Charities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Scotland" title="List of companies of Scotland">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Scotland" title="Fishing industry in Scotland">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Scotland" title="Forestry in Scotland">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Tweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Harris Tweed">Harris Tweed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_Scotland" title="Housing in Scotland">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Scotland" title="Media of Scotland">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_industry_in_Scotland" title="Oil industry in Scotland">Oil industry</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Sea_oil" title="North Sea oil">North Sea oil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Scotland" title="List of power stations in Scotland">Power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Scotland" title="Renewable energy in Scotland">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Scotland" title="Royal Bank of Scotland">Royal Bank of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Scotland" title="Tourism in Scotland">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Scotland" title="Transport in Scotland">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_whisky" title="Scotch whisky">Whisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Glen" title="Silicon Glen">Silicon Glen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Scotland" title="Unemployment in Scotland">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_of_Scotland" title="International relations of Scotland">International trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Scotland" title="Category:Society of Scotland">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Scotland" title="Culture of Scotland">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Scotland" title="Architecture of Scotland">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_art" title="Scottish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan" title="Scottish clan">Clans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_cuisine" title="Scottish cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Scotland" title="Education in Scotland">Education</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Curriculum_for_Excellence" title="Curriculum for Excellence">Curriculum for Excellence</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_schools_in_Scotland" title="Lists of schools in Scotland">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_further_education_colleges_in_Scotland" title="List of further education colleges in Scotland">Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universities_in_Scotland" title="Universities in Scotland">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Qualifications_Authority" title="Scottish Qualifications Authority">Scottish Qualifications Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_Scotland" title="Education Scotland">Education Scotland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogmanay" title="Hogmanay">Hogmanay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_national_identity" title="Scottish national identity">Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_inventions_and_discoveries" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_literature" title="Scottish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Scotland" title="List of museums in Scotland">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Scotland" title="Music of Scotland">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_buildings_in_Scotland" title="List of oldest buildings in Scotland">Oldest buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Scotland" title="Theatre of Scotland">Performing arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_philosophy" title="Scottish philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_toponymy" title="Scottish toponymy">Placenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Scotland" title="Prostitution in Scotland">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Royal National Mòd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Scotland" title="Sport in Scotland">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_surnames" title="Scottish surnames">Surnames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Scotland" title="National symbols of Scotland">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Scotland" title="National anthem of Scotland">anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal coat of arms of Scotland">coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_flags" title="List of Scottish flags">flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Scotland" title="Flag of Scotland">national flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">tartan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regimental_tartan" title="Regimental tartan">regimental</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicorn#Scotland" title="Unicorn">unicorn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Scotland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Scotland">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festivals_in_Scotland" title="Festivals in Scotland">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_in_Scotland" title="Comedy in Scotland">Comedy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Scotland" title="Demographics of Scotland">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Scotland" title="Languages of Scotland">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highland_English" title="Highland English">Highland English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">People</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Scots" title="List of Scots">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_actors" title="List of Scottish actors">Actors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_artists" title="List of Scottish artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_inventions_and_discoveries" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish inventions and discoveries">Inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_musicians" title="List of Scottish musicians">Musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_scientists" title="List of Scottish scientists">Scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_writers" title="List of Scottish writers">Writers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Scotland" title="Religion in Scotland">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Scotland" title="Baháʼí Faith in Scotland">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Scotland" title="Buddhism in Scotland">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity_in_Scotland" title="Category:Christianity in Scotland">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Scotland" title="Christmas in Scotland">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">General Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_moderators_of_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="List of moderators of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Moderators</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Scotland" title="Catholic Church in Scotland">Roman Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptist_Union_of_Scotland" title="Baptist Union of Scotland">Baptist Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_Scotland_(since_1900)" title="Free Church of Scotland (since 1900)">Free Church of Scotland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Scotland" title="Hinduism in Scotland">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Scotland" title="Islam in Scotland">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Scotland" title="History of the Jews in Scotland">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Scotland" title="Sikhism in Scotland">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_Scotland" title="Ethnic minorities in Scotland">Ethnic minorities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Scotland" title="Outline of Scotland">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Scotland" title="Category:Scotland">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Scotland" title="Portal:Scotland">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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