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Mito - Wikipedia, entziklopedia askea.
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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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<span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Deskribapen orokorra azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deskribapen_orokorra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mitoen_eginkizunak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitoen_eginkizunak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mitoen eginkizunak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitoen_eginkizunak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mitoen_ezaugarri_nagusiak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitoen_ezaugarri_nagusiak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Mitoen ezaugarri nagusiak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitoen_ezaugarri_nagusiak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mito_motak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mito_motak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mito motak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mito_motak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irakurketa:_literala,_alegorikoa_eta_sinbolikoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irakurketa:_literala,_alegorikoa_eta_sinbolikoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Irakurketa: literala, alegorikoa eta sinbolikoa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irakurketa:_literala,_alegorikoa_eta_sinbolikoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mitoa_eta_beste_narrazio_mota_batzuen_arteko_desberdintasuna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitoa_eta_beste_narrazio_mota_batzuen_arteko_desberdintasuna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mitoa eta beste narrazio mota batzuen arteko desberdintasuna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitoa_eta_beste_narrazio_mota_batzuen_arteko_desberdintasuna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikus,_gainera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikus,_gainera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ikus, gainera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikus,_gainera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mito</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 92 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mite" title="Mite – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mite" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="الأسطورة – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأسطورة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE" title="শ্ৰুতিকথা – assamera" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শ্ৰুতিকথা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitu" title="Mitu – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mitu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mif" title="Mif – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mif" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%81" title="میف – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میف" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%84" title="Міф – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%82" title="Міт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Міт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мит – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="পৌরাণিক কাহিনী – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পৌরাণিক কাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mite" title="Mite – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mite" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ACng-u%C3%A2" title="Sìng-uâ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sìng-uâ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%95" title="ئوستوورە – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئوستوورە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BDtus" title="Mýtus – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mýtus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%B7%D1%B3%D1%8A" title="Мѷѳъ – elizako eslaviera" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Мѷѳъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="elizako eslaviera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84)" title="Халап (миф) – txuvaxera" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Халап (миф)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaxera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myte" title="Myte – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Myte" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythos" title="Mythos – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mythos" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Μύθος – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μύθος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myth" title="Myth – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Myth" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BC%C3%BCt" title="Müüt – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Müüt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="اسطوره – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسطوره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myytti" title="Myytti – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Myytti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BDta" title="Mýta – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mýta" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythe" title="Mythe – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mythe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myte" title="Myte – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Myte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miotas" title="Miotas – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Miotas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99r-sgeulachd" title="Ùr-sgeulachd – Eskoziako gaelikoa" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ùr-sgeulachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Eskoziako gaelikoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mombe%27ugua%27u" title="Mombe'ugua'u – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mombe'ugua'u" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A1" title="מיתוס – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיתוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A5" title="कल्पित कथा/मिथ – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कल्पित कथा/मिथ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ADtosz" title="Mítosz – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mítosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Առասպել – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Առասպել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Առասպել – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Առասպել" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mytho" title="Mytho – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Mytho" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitos" title="Mitos – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mitos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu onak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="神話 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="神話" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitos" title="Mitos – javera" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mitos" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="მითი – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მითი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Миф – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Миф" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%ED%99%94" title="신화 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="신화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Миф – kirgizera" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Миф" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythos" title="Mythos – luxenburgera" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mythos" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxenburgera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitas" title="Mitas – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%ABts" title="Mīts – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mīts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fedr%C3%A0" title="Fedrà – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fedrà" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мит – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Домог – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Домог" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitos" title="Mitos – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mitos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%8F%E1%80%B9%E1%80%8D%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE" title="ဒဏ္ဍာရီ – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒဏ္ဍာရီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythe" title="Mythe – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mythe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myte" title="Myte – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Myte" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myte" title="Myte – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Myte" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mite" title="Mite – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mite" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raagamtaa" title="Raagamtaa – oromoera" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Raagamtaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromoera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A5" title="ਮਿਥ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%81%D8%A7%DD%A8%DB%8C" title="دیومالائی کہاݨی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دیومالائی کہاݨی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mito" title="Mito – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitus" title="Mitus – erretorromaniera" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mitus" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="erretorromaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Миф – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Миф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BDtus" title="Mýtus – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mýtus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit" title="Mit – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miti" title="Miti – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Miti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мит – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitos" title="Mitos – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mitos" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myt" title="Myt – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Myt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisasili" title="Kisasili – swahilia" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kisasili" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/micidekay_a_kungku" title="micidekay a kungku – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="micidekay a kungku" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தொன்மம் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொன்மம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Устура – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Устура" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="เรื่องปรัมปรา – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เรื่องปรัมปรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Миф – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Миф" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%94sr%C9%9Bmka" title="Bɔsrɛmka – twia" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Bɔsrɛmka" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%84" title="Міф – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="دیومالائی کہانی – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دیومالائی کہانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mif" title="Mif – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mif" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A7n_tho%E1%BA%A1i" title="Thần thoại – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thần thoại" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythe" title="Mythe – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mythe" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="神話 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="神話" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="神话 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="神话" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" title="神話 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="神話" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12827256#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Aldatu hizkuntzen arteko loturak" class="wbc-editpage">Aldatu loturak</a></span></div> </div> 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href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_(M%C3%A5rten_Winge)_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff/lossy-page1-220px-Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff/lossy-page1-330px-Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff/lossy-page1-440px-Thor%27s_Fight_with_the_Giants_%28M%C3%A5rten_Winge%29_-_Nationalmuseum_-_18253.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3062" data-file-height="4429" /></a><figcaption> Bikingoen <a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a> jainkoa, erraldoien aurkako gudan. <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A5rten_Eskil_Winge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mårten Eskil Winge (sortu gabe)">Mårten Eskil Wingeren</a> margolana (1872).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Mitoa</b> (grezieraz μῦθος, <i>mythos</i>, «kontakizun», «ipuin» dena) aspaldian gertatu omen ziren gertakariak narratzen dituen kontaketa fantastikoa da. Kontakizun hauek miragarriak dira eta naturaz gaindiko botereak duten pertsonaiak dira nagusi, hala nola, <a href="/wiki/Jainko" class="mw-disambig" title="Jainko">jainkoak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heroi" title="Heroi">heroiak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munstro" title="Munstro">munstroak</a>... Bestalde mitoak jatorri ezezaguneko kondaira sakratuak eta gizakiari ulergaitzak egiten zaizkion gertakariei buruzko sinesteak islatzen dituzte. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deskribapen_orokorra">Deskribapen orokorra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Deskribapen orokorra»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Deskribapen orokorra"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Azalpen filosofikoak eta zientifikoak azalpen mitikoei kontrajartzen hasi zirenetik, <i>mito</i> hitza mespretxu kutsu batekin erabili izan da, "gezur" hitzaren sinonimoa izatera ere iritsiz. </p><p>Gainerako genero narratibo tradizionalen antzera, mitoa ahozko jatorria duen testua da; bertsio desberdinak izan ditzake trasmisioan zehar xehetasunak aldatu daitezkelako. Idazkera zeukaten gizarteetan, mitoa obra literario izatera igaro da. Ondorioz, mitoak ez dira desagertu gaur egungo garaitik, medio desberdinez trasmititzen edo agertzen dira soilik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mitoen_eginkizunak">Mitoen eginkizunak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mitoen eginkizunak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Mitoen eginkizunak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mitoak eginkizun asko dauzka, baina hiru dira garrantzitsuenak: azalpenezkoa, esanahikoa eta pragmatikoa. </p> <ul><li>Azalpen funtzioa dutela diogunean, mitoek gizabanakoaren, gizartearen edo munduaren aspekturen bat azaldu, justifikatu edo sakontzen dutela esan nahi da. Adibidez, <a href="/wiki/Biblia" title="Biblia">Biblian</a> esaten da emakumea gizonezkoaren saihets batetik datorrela.</li> <li>Mitoek funtzio pragmatikoa dutela diogunean, egitura sozial baten oinarria direla esan nahi da. Hau da, mito batek determina dezake zeintzuk gobernatu ahal duten eta zeintzuk ez, adibidez genealogia zehatz batzuei errege eskubideak eskainiz, edo gizarte bazterkeria batzuen arrazoi mitologikoak emanez. Funtzio honi esker azaltzen eta justifikatzen da egoera bat zergatik den modu batean eta ez beste batean.</li> <li>Azkenik, esanahi funtzioa dutela diogunean, gizabanakoari helduleku esistentzial bat eskeintzen diotela esan nahi da. Gizarte eta munduko egoera kontatu, azaldu eta justifikatzeaz gain, mitoek kontsolamendu, bizi helburu edo barne bakea ere eman dezakete. Horrela gertatzen da heriotzari, sufrimenduari edo garaipenei buruzko mitoetan. Hiru funtzio edo eginkizun hauek askotan konbinatua agertzen dira.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mitoen_ezaugarri_nagusiak">Mitoen ezaugarri nagusiak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mitoen ezaugarri nagusiak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Mitoen ezaugarri nagusiak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antzekoak diren arren, mitoak, <a href="/wiki/Elezahar" title="Elezahar">elezaharrak</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ipuin" title="Ipuin">ipuinak</a> ezberdinak dira. Ipuinek helburu moralistak dituzte eta entzuleak ez ditu normalki egiatzat jotzen, mitoak ordea egiatzat jotzen dira eta helburuak azalpenezkoak izan ohi dira. Elezaharretan, garai historikoetako pertsonaia errealak ageri dira, garai eta toki zehatz eta erreal batean; mitoetako pertsonaiak, ordea, naturaz gaindikoak izan ohi dira, eta askotan toki edo garai ezezagunetan gertatuak izaten dira. </p><p>Hona hemen mitoen zenbait ohiko ezaugarri: </p> <ul><li>Mitoa irudimenezkoa da, hau da, ez da arrazoiaren bidez sortua.</li> <li>Ez kritikoak dira, hau da, kondairan kontatzen zaiguna agertzen den bezala sinetsi behar da, ezin da kuestionatu, ezin da zalantzan jarri, bere horretan sinetsi behar da eta, horretarako, fedea behar da. Adibidez, kristau batek ezin du kuestionatu Biblian agertzen dena, fededuna izan behar da horretarako.</li> <li>Arbitrarioa da, hau da, unibertsoan gertatzen diren gauzak jainkoen borondatez gertatzen dira, jainkoek horrela erabaki dutelako.</li> <li>Dinamikoa da giza portaera eragiten era zuzentzen dutelako.</li> <li>Indar naturalak pertsonifikatu eta jainkotu egiten ditu. Sua eta haizea..., esaterako, jainkoak dira eta pertsonok ditugun jokabide berdinak dituzte (beraien artean haserretu, maitemindu, borrokatu,...) egiten dira. Horretaz gain, munduko gertakariak (ekaitzak, suteak, lehorteak,...) beraien menpe daude.</li> <li>Oraina ere azaltzen dute gertakari horiek. Adibidez, gaiztakeriaren azalpena Adan eta Evaren tentazioan oinarritzen da.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mito_motak">Mito motak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mito motak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Mito motak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Kosmogonia" title="Kosmogonia">kosmogonikoak</a>: munduaren sorrera azaltzea dute helburu. Mito zabalduenak eta ugarienak dira. Askotan, lurraren sorrera ozeano batean kokatzen da. Batzuetan, erraldoien edo <a href="/wiki/Titan_(argipena)" class="mw-disambig" title="Titan (argipena)">titanen</a> arraza batek sorrera horretan ezinbesteko papera jokatzen du. Ohikoa da erraldoi edo titan horiek erdi-jainkoak izatea eta munduko lehenengo izakiak izatea.</li> <li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Teogonia" title="Teogonia">teogonikoak:</a> jainkoen jatorriaren inguruan hitz egiten dute. Adibidez, <a href="/wiki/Atena" title="Atena">Atenea</a> <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeusen</a> burutik sortzen da.</li> <li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Antropologia" title="Antropologia">antropologikoak</a>: gizakiaren agerpenaren inguruan hitz egiten dute. Edozein materiatik sortuak direla esan dezakete (animalia, landare, hautsa, lokatza...). Jainkoek lurrean bizirauten irakasten diete. Mito kosmogonikoei lotuta egon ohi dira.</li> <li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Etiologia" title="Etiologia">etiologikoak</a>: izakien, gauzen, tekniken eta instituzioen jatorria azaltzen dute.</li> <li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">moralak</a>: ongiaren eta <a href="/wiki/Gaizki" title="Gaizki">gaizkia</a> azaltzen dute.</li> <li>Mito fundazionalak: hirien sorrera azaltzen dute, jainkoen nahien arabera. <a href="/wiki/Erroma" title="Erroma">Erroma</a> <a href="/wiki/Romulo_eta_Remo" title="Romulo eta Remo">Romulo eta Remo</a> anaiek sortu zutelakoaren mitoa da horren adibide.</li> <li>Mito <a href="/wiki/Eskatologia" title="Eskatologia">eskatologikoak</a>: etorkizunaren ingurua jarduten dute, munduaren amaieraz. Mito horiek bi taldetan sailkatu daitezke munduaren amaiera zerk ekartzen duenaren arabera: suak edo urak. Askotan astrologiari lotuta daude. Amaiera eklipseak, lurrikarak eta mota horretako istripu gehiagok iragarriko lukete.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irakurketa:_literala,_alegorikoa_eta_sinbolikoa"><span id="Irakurketa:_literala.2C_alegorikoa_eta_sinbolikoa"></span>Irakurketa: literala, alegorikoa eta sinbolikoa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Irakurketa: literala, alegorikoa eta sinbolikoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Irakurketa: literala, alegorikoa eta sinbolikoa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mitoak literalki egiak diren istorio bezala planteatu dira, nahiz eta azalpen filosofiko eta zientifikoek mitoen irakurketa ez literala bultzatu duten, hauetan sinetsi ordez interpretatu egin beharko liratekeela egotziz. </p><p>Gauzak horrela, mitoen irakurketa alegorikoak, garai helenistikoko Grezian sotua, jainkoak elementu naturalen pertsonifikazio gisa interpretatzeko proposamena du. <a href="/wiki/XIX._mendea" title="XIX. mendea">XIX. mendean</a> zabaldu zen <a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller_(filosofoa)" title="Max Müller (filosofoa)">Max Müllerren</a> teoriaren arabera, mitoek gaizki ulertutako istorioetan daukate jatorria. </p><p>Bere aldetik, irakurketa sinbolikoak mitoak istoria baino haratago doan esanahia daukala proposatzen du, euren sortzaileen pentsamendueak, adibidez. </p><p>Mitoaren inguruko ikerketa modernoek hiru posizio ezarri dituzte: </p> <ul><li>funtzionalista, Malinowski antropologoak garatutakoa, eguneroko bizitzan mitoen erabilera aztertzen du.</li> <li>estrukturalista, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9vi-Strauss" class="mw-redirect" title="Lévi-Strauss">Lévi-Strauss</a>-ek sortua, mitoen eraketa aztertzen du, bere elementuak eta euren arteko erlazioak aztertezen ditu.</li> <li>sinbolista, Jung, Bachelard eta Gilbert Durand erreferente gisa dituena, mitoaren oinarrizko elementua sinboloa dela kontsideratzen du. Adibidez, haurra eta adinekoaren sinboloak (bata jakinduriaren ikurra eta bestea esperientziarik ezaren sinbolo).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mitoa_eta_beste_narrazio_mota_batzuen_arteko_desberdintasuna">Mitoa eta beste narrazio mota batzuen arteko desberdintasuna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Mitoa eta beste narrazio mota batzuen arteko desberdintasuna»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Mitoa eta beste narrazio mota batzuen arteko desberdintasuna"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Askotan, mitoa <a href="/wiki/Ipuin" title="Ipuin">ipuina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fabula" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabula">fabula</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Kondaira" class="mw-disambig" title="Kondaira">kondaira</a> bezalako narrazioekin nahasten da. </p><p>Hainbat desberdintasun daude mitoa eta ipuinaren artean: ipuinak fikziozko kontakizunak bezala aurkezten dira, baina mitoak egiazko istorio bezala kontatzen dira. Funtzioa ere desberdina da: mitoa etiologikoa da (gauzak momentuko egoerara nola iritsi diren azaltzen du) eta ipuinak balioak igortzen ditu (pentsatzeak indarrari irabazten dio, ongi jokatzeak saria dakar, gezurrak beti harrapatzen dira...). Bestalde, ipuinen gaiak sinpleak eta umeei zuzenduak izan ohi dira. Mitoenak konplexuagoak dira, istorio bakoitza beste hainbat istoriorekin elkarlotuta egoten baita. </p><p>Fabula edo alegiaren eta mitoen arteko desberdintasunak pertsonaietan darrai. Alegietako protagonistak animaliak dira, mitoetakoak aldiz, jainkoak, heroiak, munstroak... Funtzioa ere ez da berdina, fabulek ikasketa moralak ematen dituztelako eta mitoak etiologikoak direlako. </p><p>Kondairei dagokionez, mitoen antzera aurkezten dira eta funtzio etiologikoa ere izan dezakete. Hala ere, kondairak denbora errealean gertatzen dira, leku ezaguterrazetan eta batzuetan protagonista errealekin. </p><p>Trama berbera mito, ipuin edo kondaira batean ager daiteke, baina desberdintasuna istorioa aurkezteko moduan eta bere funtzioan dago. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikus,_gainera"><span id="Ikus.2C_gainera"></span>Ikus, gainera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ikus, gainera»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Ikus, gainera"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmogonia" title="Kosmogonia">Kosmogonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elezahar" title="Elezahar">Elezahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitologia" title="Mitologia">Mitologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sineskeria" title="Sineskeria">Sineskeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teogonia" title="Teogonia">Teogonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epika" title="Epika">Epika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antropologia" title="Antropologia">Antropologia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mito&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12827256" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q12827256">Q12827256</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Myths">Myths</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q12827256%22">Q12827256</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119325757">119325757</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119325757">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4075159-4">4075159-4</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85089365">sh85089365</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph123146">ph123146</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300201023">300201023</a></span></li> <li><b>Hiztegiak eta entziklopediak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/myth">url</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12827256" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q12827256">Q12827256</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Myths">Myths</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q12827256%22">Q12827256</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐559c9fd9f4‐dpb4l Cached time: 20241126123824 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.224 seconds Real time usage: 0.600 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 333/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8153/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 651/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand 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