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This was followed by a MA in Archaeology at the University of York and a DPhil in Roman Archaeology at the University of Oxford. My doctoral dissertation, finished in 2012, was entitled Demolition, Salvage and Re-use in the City of Rome, 100 BC - AD 315. Since completing my doctorate I have twice held an associate lectureship in Roman Archaeology at Birkbeck, University of London (2015, 2016). Between 2015-2016 I held a Fernand Braudel IFER Fellowship at the Centre Camille Jullian (Université d’Aix-Marseille) where I worked on Roman sculptural recycling in the Western Provinces. In 2016 I held the Henry Moore Fellowship in Sculpture at the British School at Rome, where I worked on sculptural production and re-carving practices in Rome and Italy (1st to 5th c. AD). Between 2017 and 2021 I held a Humboldt Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers (Alexander von Humboldt Foundation) at Universität Heidelberg (Zentrum für Altertumswissenschaften) and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Department für Kulturwissenschaften und Altertumskunde, Spätantike und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte). My Project title: ‘Spolia and the making of Late Antique cityscapes (AD 300-600)’ was hosted by Prof. Christian Witschel and Prof. Franz Alto Bauer. During this period I was also a post-doctoral fellow at the Norwegian Institute in Rome. In 2021 I also worked as a Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter for the ERC Consolidator Grant DECOR – Decorative Principles in Late Republican and early Imperial Italy, at Institut für Klassische Altertumskunde, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, where I studied the the use of marble as a decorative tool in domestic settings during the early imperial period. \n\nMy current interests are in the re-use of architectural and sculptural material in the Roman Empire. My background is in the art, architecture and archaeology of Rome and Roman Italy, especially the production and supply of materials for construction and sculpture in the Roman period. I am also interested in ancient stone-working techniques; provincial sculptural practices; the architecture and archaeology of Rome during late antiquity and the early middle ages; spolia in late antiquity; and the use of historical records and nineteenth-century building manuals in Roman architectural studies.\n\nI have worked on fieldwork projects in the UK and in Italy at Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, the Palatine in Rome, and Ostia. I was involved in documenting the decorative lithic program and marble analysis of the sculpture at Villa A at Oplontis. Since 2011 I have been working on the marble finds from the Palazzo Imperiale at Ostia. I have started a project studying the lithic decoration at the Villas of Ancient Stabiae, and the houses of Pompeii and Herculaneum. This research has implications for studies of Roman urbanism beyond the focal topic of marble, contributing to current and ongoing discussions about status emulation and the spread of so-called ‘elite values and tastes’ across a broader social spectrum in the Roman world. \n\n","image":"https://0.academia-photos.com/326762/1450139/16508195/s200_simon_j..barker.jpg","thumbnailUrl":"https://0.academia-photos.com/326762/1450139/16508195/s65_simon_j..barker.jpg","primaryImageOfPage":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/326762/1450139/16508195/s200_simon_j..barker.jpg","width":200},"sameAs":["https://www.hf.uio.no/dnir/english/italiano/staff/aca/simobar/index.html"],"relatedLink":"https://www.academia.edu/127163927/Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics_Workforces_and_Operational_Costs_their_Implications_for_Antiquity"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" 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class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Simon J Barker" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/326762/1450139/16508195/s200_simon_j..barker.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Simon J Barker</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://uw.academia.edu/">University of Warsaw</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://uw.academia.edu/Departments/Centre_for_Research_on_Ancient_Civilisations/Documents">Centre for Research on Ancient Civilisations</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Post-Doc</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Simon" data-follow-user-id="326762" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="326762"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">581</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">262</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">31</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">I completed a BA in Archaeology at the University of Nottingham. This was followed by a MA in Archaeology at the University of York and a DPhil in Roman Archaeology at the University of Oxford. My doctoral dissertation, finished in 2012, was entitled Demolition, Salvage and Re-use in the City of Rome, 100 BC - AD 315. Since completing my doctorate I have twice held an associate lectureship in Roman Archaeology at Birkbeck, University of London (2015, 2016). Between 2015-2016 I held a Fernand Braudel IFER Fellowship at the Centre Camille Jullian (Université d’Aix-Marseille) where I worked on Roman sculptural recycling in the Western Provinces. In 2016 I held the Henry Moore Fellowship in Sculpture at the British School at Rome, where I worked on sculptural production and re-carving practices in Rome and Italy (1st to 5th c. AD). Between 2017 and 2021 I held a Humboldt Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers (Alexander von Humboldt Foundation) at Universität Heidelberg (Zentrum für Altertumswissenschaften) and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Department für Kulturwissenschaften und Altertumskunde, Spätantike und Byzantinische Kunstgeschichte). My Project title: ‘Spolia and the making of Late Antique cityscapes (AD 300-600)’ was hosted by Prof. Christian Witschel and Prof. Franz Alto Bauer. During this period I was also a post-doctoral fellow at the Norwegian Institute in Rome. In 2021 I also worked as a Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter for the ERC Consolidator Grant DECOR – Decorative Principles in Late Republican and early Imperial Italy, at Institut für Klassische Altertumskunde, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, where I studied the the use of marble as a decorative tool in domestic settings during the early imperial period. <br /><br />My current interests are in the re-use of architectural and sculptural material in the Roman Empire. My background is in the art, architecture and archaeology of Rome and Roman Italy, especially the production and supply of materials for construction and sculpture in the Roman period. I am also interested in ancient stone-working techniques; provincial sculptural practices; the architecture and archaeology of Rome during late antiquity and the early middle ages; spolia in late antiquity; and the use of historical records and nineteenth-century building manuals in Roman architectural studies.<br /><br />I have worked on fieldwork projects in the UK and in Italy at Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis, the Palatine in Rome, and Ostia. I was involved in documenting the decorative lithic program and marble analysis of the sculpture at Villa A at Oplontis. Since 2011 I have been working on the marble finds from the Palazzo Imperiale at Ostia.  I have started a project studying the lithic decoration at the Villas of Ancient Stabiae, and the houses of Pompeii and Herculaneum. This research has implications for studies of Roman urbanism beyond the focal topic of marble, contributing to current and ongoing discussions about status emulation and the spread of so-called ‘elite values and tastes’ across a broader social spectrum in the Roman world.<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Related Authors</h3></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://vub.academia.edu/PieterMartens"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Pieter Martens related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2784657/8959067/9997236/s200_pieter.martens.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://vub.academia.edu/PieterMartens">Pieter Martens</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Vrije Universiteit Brussel</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://vub.academia.edu/CaterinaCardamone"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Caterina Cardamone related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/28910670/9034841/23533698/s200_caterina.cardamone.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://vub.academia.edu/CaterinaCardamone">Caterina Cardamone</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Vrije Universiteit Brussel</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://nobleroute.academia.edu/MelindaBizri"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Melinda Bizri related author profile picture" border="0" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://nobleroute.academia.edu/MelindaBizri">Melinda Bizri</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Burgundy</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://univ-paris8.academia.edu/MaximeLH%C3%A9ritier"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Maxime L'Héritier related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1170714/415467/30432759/s200_maxime.l_h_ritier.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://univ-paris8.academia.edu/MaximeLH%C3%A9ritier">Maxime L'Héritier</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Universite Paris-8, France</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://uacj.academia.edu/AlejandroGonz%C3%A1lezMilea"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Alejandro González Milea related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/39621143/23442413/28563866/s200_alejandro.gonz_lez_milea.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://uacj.academia.edu/AlejandroGonz%C3%A1lezMilea">Alejandro González Milea</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Universidad Autonoma de Cd. 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role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Book-Reviews" data-toggle="tab" href="#bookreviews" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>5</span> Book Reviews</a></li><li role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Websites" data-toggle="tab" href="#websites" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>1</span> Websites</a></li><li role="presentation"><a data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Call-for-Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#callforpapers" role="tab" style="border: none;"><span>0</span> Call for Papers</a></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books and Journals" id="Books and Journals"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books and Journals by Simon J Barker</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="105387997"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/105387997/ACTA_Vol_33_No_N_S_19_2021_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ACTA, Vol. 33 No. N.S. 19 (2021)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855060/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/105387997/ACTA_Vol_33_No_N_S_19_2021_">ACTA, Vol. 33 No. N.S. 19 (2021)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CourtneyAWard">Courtney A. Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Volume 33 of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia, the DNiR journal, presents pa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Volume 33 of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia, the DNiR journal, presents papers from two very different workshops held at the Norwegian Institute in 2019. The first, New research on late-antique recycling, was a one-day workshop organised by Simon J. Barker and held on September 5th. The second, Adornment as expression of everyday identity in ancient and medieval life, was a two-day conference held later in September on the 12-13th. It was organised by Courtney A. Ward and jointly held with the Finnish Institute in Rome. Although very different in scope, both meetings aimed to bring together new and established scholars not only to address traditional areas of research within these respective topics but also to provide a forum in which to present new finds and novel approaches.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-105387997-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-105387997-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/29208937/figure-1-acta-vol-no"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104855060/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-105387997-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a336a7059364033d1ce1bdf1aa85d9c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855060,"asset_id":105387997,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855060/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="105387997"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="105387997"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105387997; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105387997]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105387997]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105387997; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='105387997']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3a336a7059364033d1ce1bdf1aa85d9c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=105387997]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":105387997,"title":"ACTA, Vol. 33 No. N.S. 19 (2021)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.5617/acta.10430","volume":"33","abstract":"Volume 33 of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia, the DNiR journal, presents papers from two very different workshops held at the Norwegian Institute in 2019. 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Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102680743/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102399610/From_Concept_to_Monument_Time_and_Costs_of_Construction_in_the_Ancient_World_Papers_in_Honour_of_Janet_DeLaine">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leiza.academia.edu/DominikMaschek">Dominik Maschek</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet De...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet DeLaine’s seminal work on Roman architecture and construction. One of the foremost scholars of the last decades, her pioneering research has offered important insights not only into individual structures in central Italy but also into the processes involved in creating ancient buildings. Her approach has provided important conceptual frameworks that have allowed scholars to understand Roman buildings in their proper social and economic contexts. The volume collects papers from an international conference held in Janet’s honour at Wolfson College, Oxford, in January 2020. The various contributions focus on modelling the costs of construction over the course of 2,500 years, from Bronze Age Greece to the early Middle Ages. They discuss both broader issues of methodology and particular case studies, with particular attention to the effort needed in the different steps of architectural creation, such as the exploitation of raw materials (e.g. quarries), transport, and the construction processes on building sites. The papers not only cover a wide chronological and geographical area of the ancient world but also take up many of the themes explored by Janet throughout her career on Roman architecture, urbanism, building technologies, materials, and the principles of design. The wide range of papers reflects the scope and vibrancy of Janet’s scholarship on Roman architecture and her enormous contribution to the discipline.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b77e9b6f41299834a87b46616af0e7ef" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102680743,"asset_id":102399610,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102680743/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102399610"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102399610"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102399610; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102399610]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102399610]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102399610; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102399610']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b77e9b6f41299834a87b46616af0e7ef" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102399610]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102399610,"title":"From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. 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Intagliata</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AyseDalyanciBerns">Ayse Dalyanci-Berns</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/MarcHeijmans">Marc Heijmans</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://hunter-cuny.academia.edu/HendrikDey">Hendrik Dey</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bham.academia.edu/SimonEsmondeCleary">Simon Esmonde Cleary</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://dubaimonsters.academia.edu/AdriaanDeMan">Adriaan De Man</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique pe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. City walls were the most significant construction projects of their time and they redefined the urban landscape. Their appearance and monumental scale, as well as the cost of labour and material, are easily comparable to projects from the High Empire; however, urban circuits provided late-antique towns with a new means of self-representation. While their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly, the cost involved and the dramatic impact that such projects had on the urban topography of late-antique cities mark city walls as one of the most important urban initiatives of the period. To-date, research on city walls in the two halves of the empire has highlighted chronological and regional variations, enabling scholars to rethink how and why urban circuits were built and functioned in Late Antiquity. Although these developments have made a significant contribution to the understanding of late-antique city walls, studies are often concerned with one single monument/small group of monuments or a particular region, and the issues raised do not usually lead to a broader perspective, creating an artificial divide between east and west. It is this broader understanding that this book seeks to provide. The volume and its contributions arise from a conference held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies in Rome on June 20-21, 2018. It includes articles from world-leading experts in late-antique history and archaeology and is based around important themes that emerged at the conference, such as construction, spolia-use, late-antique architecture, culture and urbanism, empire-wide changes in Late Antiquity, and the perception of this practice by local inhabitants.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="782d7e179b8c30cfa3dc9c1e8b0e22ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62925125,"asset_id":42711042,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925125/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711042"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711042"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711042; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711042]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711042]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711042; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711042']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "782d7e179b8c30cfa3dc9c1e8b0e22ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711042]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711042,"title":"City Walls in Late Antiquity: An Empire-wide Perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. 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construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. City walls were the most significant construction projects of their time and they redefined the urban landscape. Their appearance and monumental scale, as well as the cost of labour and material, are easily comparable to projects from the High Empire; however, urban circuits provided late-antique towns with a new means of self-representation. While their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly, the cost involved and the dramatic impact that such projects had on the urban topography of late-antique cities mark city walls as one of the most important urban initiatives of the period. To-date, research on city walls in the two halves of the empire has highlighted chronological and regional variations, enabling scholars to rethink how and why urban circuits were built and functioned in Late Antiquity. Although these developments have made a significant contribution to the understanding of late-antique city walls, studies are often concerned with one single monument/small group of monuments or a particular region, and the issues raised do not usually lead to a broader perspective, creating an artificial divide between east and west. It is this broader understanding that this book seeks to provide. The volume and its contributions arise from a conference held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies in Rome on June 20-21, 2018. It includes articles from world-leading experts in late-antique history and archaeology and is based around important themes that emerged at the conference, such as construction, spolia-use, late-antique architecture, culture and urbanism, empire-wide changes in Late Antiquity, and the perception of this practice by local inhabitants.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker","email":"TmlNdGRicjgrTFBFVDJvWEVubWdTK2phbTBWYUZBWFVyTHZYbnptR3VtTFp2MDFNckRkOG1QelBGMXcvdG5GTS0tMEI1eUVwL1dQQXZlZHgwNHMrOWlUdz09--4b2c053a2376be0ca414b6b0eba366856f46fa16"},"attachments":[{"id":62925125,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62925125/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_title_pages_and_contents.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925125/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_An_Empire_w.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62925125/City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_title_pages_and_contents-libre.pdf?1586692360=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCity_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_An_Empire_w.pdf\u0026Expires=1743706374\u0026Signature=cirSWtnkKnfBSpiCvTYb9AaznO3Tyyhw3m6cz7KAe1BxDqSC2Ak-8mqwlpFOjfxQKepFnRG2k3GFTvwgScaDy-FproZxD6MiN1t4l7ba83zptXLoFWDH~QdW2WbXxFVO0EFM7oZG3s5g3G9I7O6BZlQP~z88V4yYmlm9Nch5R0lbp9PPNoZcLhdozW-nGrtw21VXDDj5GGwOtScc2BW4X5Ebj4jkuqbWs4wCjNgFfpRkAV0fvQISj0ostKWP7jx-ydbfuvo0wk4RaQLZW2zxdACQqp9bb3-wxBB0V4dfOy3O8rRS94R~tpxD~yyffO7f-mR30KTYDARr22bfBxpgCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":92619,"name":"Late Antique Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Urbanism"},{"id":98823,"name":"Roman Architecture and Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture_and_Urbanism"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":767006,"name":"Ancient City Walls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_City_Walls"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42711042-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Published Articles" id="Published Articles"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Published Articles by Simon J Barker</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126691269"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126691269/Early_Egyptian_Stone_Imports_to_Campania_The_Case_of_Stones_from_Four_Small_Roman_Quarries_from_Egypt_s_Eastern_Desert"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120531172/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126691269/Early_Egyptian_Stone_Imports_to_Campania_The_Case_of_Stones_from_Four_Small_Roman_Quarries_from_Egypt_s_Eastern_Desert">Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside an ongoing census of lithic décor in Campania, allow a more nuanced understanding of the interplay of Roman investment in the Eastern Desert, conspicuous construction in Rome, and discussion down the social hierarchy in Campania. Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian<br />artisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. In Campania, these four stones are scarce, a point that is explored in the last part of the paper.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-126691269-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-126691269-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692088/figure-1-introduction-klemm-and-klemm-harrell-brief-note"><img alt="Introduction R. Klemm and D.D. Klemm 2008, 291-95; Harrell 2024, 700, 741, 745. A brief note about the stone terminol- ogy used in this paper is necessary at the outset. Today, scholars working in the field of marble studies have opted for a mix of geological, ancient Roman, and Italian artisanal nomenclatures. Traditionally, the latter, developed by Italian marmorari (marble craftsmen) from the 16th century onwards, has been most widely adopted. In discussing the four Eastern Desert stones, we have decided not to use the term “granite,” as none are true granites in the geological sense (unlike the granite from Aswan). Only granito della colonna, from Wadi Umm Shegilat, a coarse pegmatitic diorite, is even geologically close to a granite. In addition, Latin has no word for granite. This stands in contrast to marble (Latin marmor). This term was used in antiquity to refer to any hard stone capable of taking a polish, even though marmora were not always the metamorphic rocks that present-day geologists recognize as marble. However, given the fact that some stones described as marmor are true marbles, the name arguably has a valid place in modern studies. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692104/figure-2-pegmatitic-diorite-from-wadi-umm-shegilat-granito"><img alt="Pegmatitic Diorite from Wadi Umm Shegilat, granito della colonna (Italian Artisanal Name), Ancient Name Unknown FIgule 2 \ICit) Wadi Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite from the decorative stones collection in the Kelsey Museum. Scale bar has 1 cm divisions. The fragment, probably a piece of sectilia paving or veneer, was acquired by F. W. Kelsey in Rome, 13 March 1901. Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, inv. no. KM 2072 (photo courtesy of the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan). BY; aS Wadi Umm Shegilat was one of the smallest quarries in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that actually exported products to Rome, but its product, a pegmatitic diorite known to the Italian artisanal tradition as granito della colonna, is one of the mos ona white pavimenta now raises organized t spectacular of the area’s stones, featuring long black crystals ground with faint pink blushes (fig. 2).°° Recent work on sectilia from Herodian buildings, closely dated to 20-10 BCE, in Judea the possibility that Wadi Umm Shegilat was also the first quarry to produce for export after the Roman annexation.” Fragments of a Herodian pavement in a hall at Banias in Galilee include a tile of Umm Shegilat (fig. 3) along with what are now called the “imperial” marbles—m. chium, m. numidicum, m. luculleum, m. carystium, and m. phrygium—as well as calcite alabaster from Asia Minor and Egypt; breccia corallina, cipollino rosso (m. iassense or carium). and bisio antico from Asia Minor: and breccia di Alenno. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692115/figure-4-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="Figure 4 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692124/figure-5-that-sank-off-porto-novo-at-the-eastern-entrance-to"><img alt="that sank off Porto Novo,” at the eastern entrance to the Bocche di Bonnifacic strait between Corsica and Sardinia. Captains would run this rocky passage in order to avoid long detours around the islands on the way to Spain (to reach southern Gaul, the easier route was to go north around Corsica). Since a gold coin dated 27 CE from the mint of Lugdunum (modern Lyon) was found in the wreck, the ship evidently was helping to supply the monumentalization of the cities of Tarraconensis. There were aboard also panels of precious marbles including this pegmatitic diorite (fig. 5); however, these probably represent the remains of an earlier cargo subsequently used as dunnage, suggesting the Umm Shegilat stone was exported from Egypt at an earlier date. The most likely route for the ill-fated ship ran from Rome or Portus to Luna, to load columns, and then to Spain or possibly Gaul. All this points to a well-devel- oped trade network. Despite statements that the Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite was widely distributed and used at both Pompeii and Herculaneum,” " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692141/figure-6-we-can-verify-only-one-sectilia-tile-at-pompeii-in"><img alt="we can verify only one sectilia tile (fig. 6) at Pompeii, in the pavement of the House of the Small Fountain (VI.8.23, Room 8). It is set next to a tile of m. Claudianum. The juxtaposition is surely not accidental; the owner (or mosa- icist) wanted to call attention to his prized Egyptian “collection.” There is also a possible Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite fragment in a bar counter at Pompeii (1.8.1) that currently is covered with protective plastic and impossible to see clearly. Figure 6 rigureé o Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite and Mons Claudianus tonalite gneiss sectilia tiles in Room 8 of the House of the Small Fountain (VI.8.23), Pompeii. Scale bar has 4, 20, and 40 cm divisions (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692151/figure-6-metagabbro-from-wadi-maghrabiya-gabbro-eufotide"><img alt="Metagabbro from Wadi Maghrabiya, Gabbro eufotide (Italian Artisanal Name): Ancient m. Augusteum Identified? " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692161/figure-8-whom-were-in-fact-actively-involved-in-marble"><img alt="whom were in fact actively involved in marble production.” This was the same route to Spain that the Porto Novo ship with its remnant earlier cargo, including tiles of Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite, was plying (see above). All this points to a sophisticated trade network, with Luna as the source of white marble as well as a node in a more complex commercial system. a : i bc: i: i i i : i ao ey ee: | Figure 8 Pigulre uu Metagabbro (eufotide) tile from one of the sectilia pavimenta from the first of two ships recovered from Lake Nemi in the Alban Hills outside of Rome, dated to the reign of Caligula (37-41 CE) (photo by S. J. Barker, per gentile concessione della Direzione Regionale Musei Nazionali Lazio — Museo delle Navi Romane — Nemi [RM)). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692168/figure-8-banquet-ships-ostentation-was-major-aim-the"><img alt="banquet ships ostentation was a major aim. The surviving sectilia pavimenta is dominated by purple lapis porphyrites and green lapis lacedaemonius, set in a ground of white (palombino?) tesserae and listelli (fillets) of vitreous paste in a lively orange red. The sole piece o in one of the repeating shield motifs; t f the Maghrabiya metagabbro appears he other instances of this pattern in the surviving pavement are rendered in lapis lacedaemonius. The impression given by this admittedly small sample is tha t the Egyptian stone was used because of its general similarity to lapis lacedaemonius and not for its own sake, as it clearly was in the triclinitum pavemen t at Luna. n n eo Detail of a panel of metagabbro (eufotide) from the tablinum (15) of the House of M. Lucretius on the Via Stabiana (IX.3.5), Pompeii. Scale bar has 1 cm divisions (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata l’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692175/figure-10-style-period-ca-ce-the-stone-is-more-widespread-at"><img alt="Style period (ca. 45-79 CE).°° The stone is more widespread at Herculaneum, where it appears in numerous late Fourth-Style sectilia pavimenta from the House of the Stags (IV.21; e.g., Rooms 5, 7, and 15),” the House of the Relief of Telephus (Ins. Or. I.2, Room 18, the so-called Marble Room),” and the House of the Alcove (IV.4, oecus 20).” As will be discussed below, we believe but cannot yet verify that eufotide also appears in Rome in the Domus Transitoria pavement alongside pieces of ophites (San Lorenzo/San Pietro varieties).°* The frequent juxtaposition of eufotide with ophites (San Pietro variety) in triclin- ium 5 of the House of the Stags (fig. 10) calls to mind Pliny the Elder’s contrast of ophites (which “resembles the spots of snakes”), m. Augusteum (which “curls into waves”), and m. Tibereum (which has “gray markings that are dispersed, " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692184/figure-10-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692202/figure-11-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692211/figure-12-shapeless-pieces-in-the-marble-insert-pavement-of"><img alt="shapeless pieces in the marble insert pavement of the atrium floor of the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692223/figure-14-house-of-umbricius-scaurus-ii-at-pompeii-vii-this"><img alt="House of A. Umbricius Scaurus II at Pompeii (VII.16.13) (fig. 14).'°* This large floor is generally dated in the literature by association with the late Second- Style painting of the atrium walls.’ Such a date for a pavement that includes pieces of the Wadi Umm Esh serpentinite seems unlikely. Only the fauces mosaic with its flower motif seems to date to this period in its entirety. In FISure IF Two fragments of Wadi Umm Esh serpentinite in the mosaic paving of the atrium at the House of A. Umbricius Scaurus Il (VII.16.13), Pompeii (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692234/figure-14-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692245/figure-15-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692272/figure-16-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692315/figure-17-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692323/figure-20-not-long-enough-to-span-the-row-of-numidicum-tiles"><img alt="not long enough to span the row of m. numidicum tiles (fig. 20). In the House of Severus (VIII.2.29), an original black ground mosaic pavement in vestibulum temploys inserts of rhombuses in m. chium ina grid created by dadi (cubes) aligned with the points of the rhombuses in both directions and with rows of three geometric, shaped inserts in-between.'® The pavement includes a small strip and triangle of ophites (San Pietro variety) along with a small square of lapis lacedaemonius and a triangle of lapis porphyrites (fig. 21). The pavement and the connecting mosaic of the atrium are dated to the Claudian period " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692343/figure-21-metagabbro-ophites-san-pietro-variety-fragment"><img alt="Figure 21 Metagabbro (ophites, San Pietro variety) fragment (indicated by the red arrow) in the mosaic pavement of the fauces (vestibulum 1) of the House of Severus (VIII.2.29), Pompeii (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). ease SE eee eee eee Nh Ne NO NI NEN I NEI I I NE Nd Stone-clad street-side bars may offer some help with this question. Tastes began to trend away from paint to decorative stone cladding at some point in the mid-Julio-Claudian period (as of 79 CE, about half of Pompeii’s 200 bars had marble surfaces). The stones are almost all reused pieces or work- ing debris’ and the majority do not preserve their original edges. Egyptian ithotypes are rare, but, when available, were set in prominent positions. The composition of one bar fagade (VI.10.1) centers on a large (47 x 30 cm) plaque " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692353/figure-20-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-126691269-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ded8e1b3a184905e9c56dfa4685bebfb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120531172,"asset_id":126691269,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120531172/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126691269"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126691269"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126691269; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126691269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126691269]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126691269; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='126691269']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ded8e1b3a184905e9c56dfa4685bebfb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=126691269]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":126691269,"title":"Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.2307/27345521","abstract":"Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside an ongoing census of lithic décor in Campania, allow a more nuanced understanding of the interplay of Roman investment in the Eastern Desert, conspicuous construction in Rome, and discussion down the social hierarchy in Campania. Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian\nartisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. 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Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian\nartisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. In Campania, these four stones are scarce, a point that is explored in the last part of the paper.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/126691269/Early_Egyptian_Stone_Imports_to_Campania_The_Case_of_Stones_from_Four_Small_Roman_Quarries_from_Egypt_s_Eastern_Desert","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-12-30T18:07:19.504-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":42902674,"work_id":126691269,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":10632391,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@uakron.edu","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":1,"name":"J. 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Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian\nartisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. 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Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 1...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Our focus is on the range of workers (especially metal-workers), the composition and size of quarry work-teams, their organisation, and the economic impact of their maintenance costs <br />--- <br />Cet article se concentre sur les sources comparatives des périodes historiques (principalement du 17e-20e siècle) concernant la logistique, la main-d’oeuvre, et les coûts d’exploitation des carrières de pierre. Les implications de ces données sont examinées en relation avec des carrières romaines, en particulier l’éventail des travailleurs (notamment les métallurgistes), la composition et la taille des équipes de travail, leur organisation, et l’impact économique de leurs coûts de maintenance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-127163927-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-127163927-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12396643/figure-1-comparative-sources-for-quarry-logistics-workforces"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120937914/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-127163927-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6589d2fd9cf7c2463fc186321477b6ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120937914,"asset_id":127163927,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120937914/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127163927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127163927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127163927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127163927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127163927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127163927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127163927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6589d2fd9cf7c2463fc186321477b6ba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127163927]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127163927,"title":"Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces, and Operational Costs – their Implications for Antiquity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.48611/isbn.978-2-406-17255-0.p.0037","issue":"1","volume":"n° 13 (2023)","abstract":"This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Our focus is on the range of workers (especially metal-workers), the composition and size of quarry work-teams, their organisation, and the economic impact of their maintenance costs\r\n---\r\nCet article se concentre sur les sources comparatives des périodes historiques (principalement du 17e-20e siècle) concernant la logistique, la main-d’oeuvre, et les coûts d’exploitation des carrières de pierre. 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While these images are accurate, they are not representative of the whole picture. Roman architectural practices also developed and flourished thanks to careful and controlled demolition and the recycling of second-hand architectural material.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-114642799-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642799-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35527951/figure-1-rome-recycled"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/111286587/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642799-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="565569428d2222a25a637eb18214dce1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":111286587,"asset_id":114642799,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286587/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="114642799"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="114642799"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642799; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642799]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642799]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642799; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='114642799']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "565569428d2222a25a637eb18214dce1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=114642799]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":114642799,"title":"Rome Recycled","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"63","abstract":"Discussions of ancient Roman architecture conjure images of grand buildings built on an enormous scale that were created thanks to the careful organization of skilled labour and technological innovation. 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Oxford: Archeopress</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">4� Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">4� Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimating the Value of Roman Construction Projects ��61 Grzegorz Jan Blicharz 5� Demolitions, Collapses, and the Control of the Housing Market in Rome ��80 Marguerite Ronin 6. La construcción del poder omeya. 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Barker, C. Courault, J. A. Domingo, and D. Maschek (eds.), From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine. Oxford: Archeopress</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of architectural energetics, drawing primarily on 19th-century building manuals for useable labour constants. Such manuals are not the only source for understanding the Roman building economy, however, and indeed labour figures are only part of the equation. Focusing on stone carving, this paper highlights alternative comparative data, such as price-books, building and other accounts, and modern restoration projects, which can be used to better understand ancient practices. In particular, we explore a range of ‘hidden’ costs beyond labour and materials, revealed in these sources but rarely accounted for in architectural energetics. These include variation in wages, profit on the part of workers, incidental costs for tools and accommodation, and contingencies for wastage and supply issues. By considering these factors we can better define the parameters for energetic studies concerning stone construction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0edc266965d29c1b0e972e2ab5dc90cf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855546,"asset_id":102401209,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855546/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102401209"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102401209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102401209; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102401209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102401209]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102401209; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102401209']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0edc266965d29c1b0e972e2ab5dc90cf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102401209]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102401209,"title":"Beyond Labour Figures: The “Hidden” Costs of Stoneworking and their Application in Architectural Energetics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of architectural energetics, drawing primarily on 19th-century building manuals for useable labour constants. 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By considering these factors we can better define the parameters for energetic studies concerning stone construction.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":104855546,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855546/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_and_Russell_2023_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855546/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Beyond_Labour_Figures_The_Hidden_Costs_o.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104855546/Barker_and_Russell_2023_preview-libre.pdf?1691515484=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeyond_Labour_Figures_The_Hidden_Costs_o.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672008\u0026Signature=baW1JQffrNv55lHXBw6k-u53jJeGyFo3UwZFjTPyB8nxDoguZylyprQDgTYz0GorqksApPLoUriF8-hfe1GDKiXtUuDlqeTDogm6dc702Xxpo1z1EzMFDeI35WaQiTiAq1QzwnYm93pJ-gd1TkKcC1FUGz3UnHEREtKXXjKYihEalREew87nrTRu2zVWSEhrfTz967YDvn19WQafWcwpsTbzOkVhbGzA~YnrAg3-jeiYzGJoQW1b4JU3AQgvHBwisctN3CyNhFuO~2uZuO7PoLLCipD~8IvWYFwE1cEXduwphJ4WDh5vtNQYmFA6kW9B7OKL2eHbdijKpaqvzsiG5w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology"},{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":95424,"name":"Greek and Roman Art and Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Art_and_Architecture"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-102401209-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="102400964"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/102400964/Reflections_on_Energetics_Studies_and_Roman_Architecture"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on Energetics Studies and Roman Architecture" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855579/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102400964/Reflections_on_Energetics_Studies_and_Roman_Architecture">Reflections on Energetics Studies and Roman Architecture</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://newcastle.academia.edu/RileySnyder">Riley Snyder</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CourtneyAWard">Courtney A. Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>In: D. Maschek and M. Trümper (eds.), Architecture and the Ancient Economy. Proceedings of a conference held at Berlin, 26–28 September 2019. Analysis Archaeologica. An International Journal of Western Mediterranean Archaeology. Monograph Series, N. 7. Rome: Edizioni Quasar</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. In considering the myriad of variables that may be taken into consideration for energetics studies, the paper is intended to spark debate and discussion about how authors may best use this rich methodological approach to Roman architecture and the ancient economy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7151f2f439fd77c732135afe0e2af9dc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855579,"asset_id":102400964,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855579/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102400964"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102400964"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102400964; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102400964]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102400964]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102400964; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102400964']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7151f2f439fd77c732135afe0e2af9dc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102400964]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102400964,"title":"Reflections on Energetics Studies and Roman Architecture","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. 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Trümper (eds.), Architecture and the Ancient Economy. Proceedings of a conference held at Berlin, 26–28 September 2019. Analysis Archaeologica. An International Journal of Western Mediterranean Archaeology. Monograph Series, N. 7. Rome: Edizioni Quasar"},"translated_abstract":"In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. In considering the myriad of variables that may be taken into consideration for energetics studies, the paper is intended to spark debate and discussion about how authors may best use this rich methodological approach to Roman architecture and the ancient economy.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/102400964/Reflections_on_Energetics_Studies_and_Roman_Architecture","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-26T07:57:54.207-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":39908650,"work_id":102400964,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":365280,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***r@gmail.com","affiliation":"Newcastle University","display_order":0,"name":"Riley Snyder","title":"Reflections on Energetics Studies and Roman Architecture"},{"id":39908651,"work_id":102400964,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":327933,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"w***a@gmail.com","display_order":4194304,"name":"Courtney A. 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Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6db94b1b8c8719d7df92005930ccc9d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90443952,"asset_id":85870733,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85870733"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85870733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85870733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85870733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85870733]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85870733; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85870733']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6db94b1b8c8719d7df92005930ccc9d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85870733]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85870733,"title":"Marble aesthetics in two sea-from houses at Herculaneum","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.19272/202101401005","abstract":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"MARMORA an international journal for archaeology, h i story and archaeometry of marbles and stones"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85870733/Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-30T00:24:20.716-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90443952,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90443952/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BARKER_2022_1st_Page.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90443952/BARKER_2022_1st_Page-libre.pdf?1661844346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672008\u0026Signature=JWe7mb8KN4O6-pw0ITVc2S-QLe~EH6JVIDQhfu-t-j6PpVwxlDCMBqj33d62BVd1rb~XeudozrUA03a6Hr0G5eaDRiCJwVgXK8GqNWGRrJcgTrKO51q2loMCtC3ujKo~Ad3BacGI-e6m0GQQmeLHyf5Q5xQxkCr2nR75Ujp0uugrz641dSeiUfoH2YtW7xXI8tQgDVxq7Dpc24qf8~Fjc343jfg9A1kwheVxoWkU4UgU1nNDLHFmfUar7tXscBGbUEdqm5f8WQ1FcasXgx5UbhvcINnzeVgmWynT~npfA5AH2UoE2Clh6ttQ14ytYkL9Taf9OGjpE3FK~B7OuypPdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90443952,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90443952/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BARKER_2022_1st_Page.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90443952/BARKER_2022_1st_Page-libre.pdf?1661844346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672008\u0026Signature=JWe7mb8KN4O6-pw0ITVc2S-QLe~EH6JVIDQhfu-t-j6PpVwxlDCMBqj33d62BVd1rb~XeudozrUA03a6Hr0G5eaDRiCJwVgXK8GqNWGRrJcgTrKO51q2loMCtC3ujKo~Ad3BacGI-e6m0GQQmeLHyf5Q5xQxkCr2nR75Ujp0uugrz641dSeiUfoH2YtW7xXI8tQgDVxq7Dpc24qf8~Fjc343jfg9A1kwheVxoWkU4UgU1nNDLHFmfUar7tXscBGbUEdqm5f8WQ1FcasXgx5UbhvcINnzeVgmWynT~npfA5AH2UoE2Clh6ttQ14ytYkL9Taf9OGjpE3FK~B7OuypPdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":808,"name":"Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetics"},{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-85870733-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42711251"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711251/Painted_Imitation_Marble_in_the_Context_of_the_Marble_Economy_in_the_Roman_period_examples_from_Pompeii_IT_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451104/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711251/Painted_Imitation_Marble_in_the_Context_of_the_Marble_Economy_in_the_Roman_period_examples_from_Pompeii_IT_">Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>M. Cisneros and E. Revilla (eds.) Proceedings of Colour, Luxury and Style in the Roman period. Precious and ornamental stones and their imitations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and AD 79. The relationship of painted marble to the marble trade, however, has not been given the attention it deserves. The importance of this relationship is illustrated clearly, for example, at Pompeii from the fact that as the town gained greater access to imported stone during the Julio-Claudian period, the range of painted imitation stones depicted increased, with as best example the introduction of painted imitation Egyptian granites during the Fourth Style (AD 45–79). This strongly suggests that the use and choice of specific varieties of painted imitation marbles were in fact closely related to wider currents in the marble trade. <br /> <br />The examination of the different varieties of marble depicted in paint is presented in relation to an on-going survey of all 59 houses with real marble at Pompeii. Thus, painted imitation is explored in relation to the contemporary available market. Here we wish to stress the importance of local context and regional trends in marble use on painted imitation marble. Finally, the paper addresses the social dynamics and implications for the use of painted imitation marble. In particular, this focuses on what the depiction of marble varieties in paint can tell us about the choices behind the selection of marble types and the social prestige of marble during the Roman period.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1a001459538fb238e8e147bf8c6a43d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90451104,"asset_id":42711251,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451104/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711251"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711251"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711251; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711251]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711251]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711251; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711251']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d1a001459538fb238e8e147bf8c6a43d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711251]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711251,"title":"Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and AD 79. 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Here we wish to stress the importance of local context and regional trends in marble use on painted imitation marble. Finally, the paper addresses the social dynamics and implications for the use of painted imitation marble. In particular, this focuses on what the depiction of marble varieties in paint can tell us about the choices behind the selection of marble types and the social prestige of marble during the Roman period.\r\n","more_info":"Archivo Español De Aarqueología (AEspA) (Madrid and Mérida: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Arqueología)","publication_name":"M. Cisneros and E. Revilla (eds.) Proceedings of Colour, Luxury and Style in the Roman period. Precious and ornamental stones and their imitations"},"translated_abstract":"Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and AD 79. The relationship of painted marble to the marble trade, however, has not been given the attention it deserves. 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Aesthetics and Decorative Effects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451027/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59119398/Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_during_the_First_Century_A_D_Aesthetics_and_Decorative_Effects">Marble Wall Revetment in Central Italy during the First Century A.D. Aesthetics and Decorative Effects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annette Haug, Adrian Hielscher and M. Taylor Lauritsen (eds.) Materiality in Roman Art and Architecture. Aesthetics, Semantics and Function</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was used in imperial residences in Rome as well as in private houses and villas. From the Late Republican period onwards in central Italy, as the taste for coloured marble in interior decoration grew, elite patrons began to exploit marble for wall revetment. By the end of the mid-1st century A.D., literary and archaeological evidence indicate that marble revetment had replaced wall painting as the most prestigious form of elite wall decoration. To examine this change, the paper focuses on two aspects of marble – its aesthetic dimensions and the specific decorative qualities it offered. To this end, the first part of the paper examines the ancient perception of marble as a material and the technical requirements for its use as revetment. In the second part, it examines revetment schemes in the Vesuvian area, initially by looking at the sizes of slabs, the marble types and their organisation within schemes, and then by looking precisely at the decorative effects of wall revetment in specific settings and in relation to other decorative features to understand how revetment helped create different room atmospheres.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f20d68217164b1da28a2863b66c30a4a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90451027,"asset_id":59119398,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451027/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59119398"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59119398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59119398; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59119398]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59119398]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59119398; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59119398']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f20d68217164b1da28a2863b66c30a4a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59119398]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59119398,"title":"Marble Wall Revetment in Central Italy during the First Century A.D. 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Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088</a>) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="95318e752abc082d5827ac9704cf0817" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90444284,"asset_id":48992164,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992164"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992164"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992164; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992164]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992164; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992164']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "95318e752abc082d5827ac9704cf0817" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992164]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992164,"title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1017/S0068113X21000088","volume":"52","abstract":"The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. 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Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48992164/Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-05-20T02:41:54.739-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":36544373,"work_id":48992164,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":27761780,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***e@msn.com","affiliation":"The University of Sheffield","display_order":0,"name":"Penny Coombe","title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction"},{"id":36544374,"work_id":48992164,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":24193830,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***h@rdg.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Kevin Hayward","title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90444284,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90444284/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90444284/Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material-libre.pdf?1661845778=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=OgMSR~AD0vgs2Rz4p2bVfdEztzYqPEmQ4nRjiUU9-5JCI1fgAwxs-vw8AaxFgA3KPH7f4q2DPCY9tmaBytFTTjCfjzV3VVPmWxro8T84aIk0LbZXXXhV98q8OW0I~vel6l-ejSRt956M2pxMPztWBey2WcqdyVtlRqO6PU8RESMhNNvcvxtSLdlbsv3v93iUG5GOrf2vWKNsCB-K3E9C9PEan39WHi~NFYPU2jHSnLD5~qvJBtOaXttDwXYP6ERHgxPgB3UhqjmP8UkrXWuCY6WwFd~Zaappk~QrOIhbpPa-VGdE4tegfPHS6pCzLgKTbLcXbpyUYRNj2dkVGj86QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90444284,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90444284/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90444284/Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material-libre.pdf?1661845778=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=OgMSR~AD0vgs2Rz4p2bVfdEztzYqPEmQ4nRjiUU9-5JCI1fgAwxs-vw8AaxFgA3KPH7f4q2DPCY9tmaBytFTTjCfjzV3VVPmWxro8T84aIk0LbZXXXhV98q8OW0I~vel6l-ejSRt956M2pxMPztWBey2WcqdyVtlRqO6PU8RESMhNNvcvxtSLdlbsv3v93iUG5GOrf2vWKNsCB-K3E9C9PEan39WHi~NFYPU2jHSnLD5~qvJBtOaXttDwXYP6ERHgxPgB3UhqjmP8UkrXWuCY6WwFd~Zaappk~QrOIhbpPa-VGdE4tegfPHS6pCzLgKTbLcXbpyUYRNj2dkVGj86QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16759,"name":"Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Britain"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":99288,"name":"Late Roman and early Byzantine fortifications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_and_early_Byzantine_fortifications"},{"id":112909,"name":"Architectural Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Energetics"},{"id":533819,"name":"Roman London","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_London"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48992164-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48992126"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992126/Remployer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Remployer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855736/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992126/Remployer">Remployer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>T. True (ed.), Veni, Vidi, Bâti! (exposition inaugurale, Musée Narbo Via, Narbonne, July 2021 – January 2022)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design of the past and a desire to build for the future with efficiency. Roman artefacts, building materials, and architectural spaces have always been adapted to suit new contexts, across all levels of society, throughout the Empire, for a variety of pragmatic, aesthetic, and symbolic reasons. Reuse was routine in pre-industrial economies that generated little surplus and could not afford waste. Present-day concerns over carbon <br />emissions and waste management have brought the question of reuse into sharp focus. This essay explores Roman proficiency at resource optimization and the innovative use of old materials, while considering the reverberations of this inherently Roman skill in society today.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44aafd3d5396046826c25f27255f01ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855736,"asset_id":48992126,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855736/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992126"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992126; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992126]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992126; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992126']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "44aafd3d5396046826c25f27255f01ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992126]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992126,"title":"Remployer","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design of the past and a desire to build for the future with efficiency. 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(exposition inaugurale, Musée Narbo Via, Narbonne, July 2021 – January 2022)"},"translated_abstract":"Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design of the past and a desire to build for the future with efficiency. Roman artefacts, building materials, and architectural spaces have always been adapted to suit new contexts, across all levels of society, throughout the Empire, for a variety of pragmatic, aesthetic, and symbolic reasons. Reuse was routine in pre-industrial economies that generated little surplus and could not afford waste. Present-day concerns over carbon\r\nemissions and waste management have brought the question of reuse into sharp focus. 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Roman artefacts, building materials, and architectural spaces have always been adapted to suit new contexts, across all levels of society, throughout the Empire, for a variety of pragmatic, aesthetic, and symbolic reasons. Reuse was routine in pre-industrial economies that generated little surplus and could not afford waste. Present-day concerns over carbon\r\nemissions and waste management have brought the question of reuse into sharp focus. This essay explores Roman proficiency at resource optimization and the innovative use of old materials, while considering the reverberations of this inherently Roman skill in society today.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":104855736,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855736/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"S._Barker_2021_Narbovia_Remployer_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855736/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Remployer.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104855736/S._Barker_2021_Narbovia_Remployer_preview-libre.pdf?1691511445=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRemployer.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=JCkxWTnk9Zjk3RJLevm7I1KXtSDO7xvxK~8TV-dedDZLghGixON6FDWJDpTo~QpP3LLDWDqV1YFln-Ay1kOJkmY8sVsF0S9uxTGJwTSWd0yk3YF4LBgPjIEswfFBec~uyvN9P-dqIt1jWgwgqc7arh8-BcFLBljRYYfY6jRXdYNF~VNnXG1t4NpdzmPDStlLWSIkH2NCXk6ZmxfWiaqs01-2SphY~bad6CHrytQmB-jNX0dC8HvMou4G5GK3Vlp~aZmu-dm-2MIh~zHaHQ5MBFJnbO-cf1s77M79xO9a67ewVgxzFXuSCvQ0EKqZ~D8NTiVAeVBBcxObQstV4gG4vQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":91655,"name":"Later Roman Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Later_Roman_Empire"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48992126-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48992118"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992118/Recycling_practices_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_a_comparative_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Recycling practices in the décor of Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces: a comparative study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90447127/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992118/Recycling_practices_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_a_comparative_study">Recycling practices in the décor of Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces: a comparative study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>V. Ruppiene (ed.), Stone and Splendor: Interior decorations in late-antique palaces and villas. Proceedings of a workshop, Trier, 25-26 April 2019. Forschungen zu spätrömischen Residenzen 1</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested<br />through ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d7c54b64c4c6897f06490c6d5da03e0a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90447127,"asset_id":48992118,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90447127/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992118"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992118"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992118; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992118]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992118]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992118; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992118']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d7c54b64c4c6897f06490c6d5da03e0a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992118]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992118,"title":"Recycling practices in the décor of Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces: a comparative study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested\nthrough ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.","more_info":"Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz","page_numbers":"221-246","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"V. Ruppiene (ed.), Stone and Splendor: Interior decorations in late-antique palaces and villas. Proceedings of a workshop, Trier, 25-26 April 2019. Forschungen zu spätrömischen Residenzen 1"},"translated_abstract":"Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested\nthrough ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48992118/Recycling_practices_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_a_comparative_study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-05-20T02:32:16.730-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90447127,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90447127/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90447127/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90447127/Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_-libre.pdf?1661853397=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRecycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=DULD7iOw6Ji9ygE6C3tB8bVUnCBq3ugbayBFgjQi~McPQGVcQC9WhZmbxglXTcKhgs69xn9npk85DjZ8eGf8h0wxBeIQysH2CHm0ueMhMZuW5odQ2jkrDu1IZmQspuJcPwpzUSRawFBk66qh3ymhOWK1oDdCSYjxLcNg5lAICzRk87eHuJLtekB4KWYK5o9VMrDMpMTrLOFY0GvkIHcYbnQS5-nLEDegsCQvvqS-dxBkVQd5UkXdT0BgTAPmKPF0RSzpBHaq-M4R6RWEi385My5YjDLQEUqqq4pJmgf6Gcm~RFiySfJOz~pEPfEum~9DE~7CQhV8J7Int29Aj45nBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Recycling_practices_in_the_décor_of_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_a_comparative_study","translated_slug":"","page_count":12,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested\nthrough ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90447127,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90447127/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90447127/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90447127/Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_-libre.pdf?1661853397=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRecycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=DULD7iOw6Ji9ygE6C3tB8bVUnCBq3ugbayBFgjQi~McPQGVcQC9WhZmbxglXTcKhgs69xn9npk85DjZ8eGf8h0wxBeIQysH2CHm0ueMhMZuW5odQ2jkrDu1IZmQspuJcPwpzUSRawFBk66qh3ymhOWK1oDdCSYjxLcNg5lAICzRk87eHuJLtekB4KWYK5o9VMrDMpMTrLOFY0GvkIHcYbnQS5-nLEDegsCQvvqS-dxBkVQd5UkXdT0BgTAPmKPF0RSzpBHaq-M4R6RWEi385My5YjDLQEUqqq4pJmgf6Gcm~RFiySfJOz~pEPfEum~9DE~7CQhV8J7Int29Aj45nBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":48990,"name":"Late roman villas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_roman_villas"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":167664,"name":"Arqueología romana / Roman archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arqueologia_romana_Roman_archeology"},{"id":469738,"name":"Greek and Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Sculpture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48992118-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48981894"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs">Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>M. Heinzelmann and C. Recko (eds.), Quantifying Ancient Building Economy: Panel 3.24 (Archaeology and Economy in the Ancient World – Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Cologne/Bonn 2018, Band 23)</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to bette...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9f6360294d6165ed6a9c70ca4c9eb3d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":67784018,"asset_id":48981894,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48981894"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48981894"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48981894; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48981894]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48981894]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48981894; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48981894']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9f6360294d6165ed6a9c70ca4c9eb3d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48981894]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48981894,"title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.11588/propylaeum.634","abstract":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","more_info":"Heidelberg: Propylaeum","page_numbers":"1-4","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"M. Heinzelmann and C. Recko (eds.), Quantifying Ancient Building Economy: Panel 3.24 (Archaeology and Economy in the Ancient World – Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Cologne/Bonn 2018, Band 23)"},"translated_abstract":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-05-19T05:04:24.390-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":36542480,"work_id":48981894,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":2793534,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"b***4@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Edinburgh","display_order":0,"name":"Ben Russell","title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67784018,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"634_30_89748_1_10_20200723.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/67784018/634_30_89748_1_10_20200723-libre.pdf?1624866907=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHistorical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=aX0RwV5wzBRl3f-fDxaczoqkwu8zQH~Ld~hVfcSJYDt~~qNYKQGN9Ny6puPadVUU-ylq0nVOagpjam5fCC7EZ0Qs6JhTzMElW7us8gkUR2MXfPp4ZORjt3wMJ4mSZTyAZUkh7-2kyCPg5KE25FSpaSPCqsmUvndkA2TTavIdUVf7-Mj4IMn3x89DN311odJyqFWrw0BR4tpzsBHMn4oXnCocIHWjxToB8gF3rG4l3wEUSsdGDR3nzm13AjSOLKikSnaq2BQmIOr2geMsjGyduto9R8sO33CCuBWuFZ2-~nUbYQmIix97hylz9TRIxO7Z1vre3nTD7qEqGkQTKq1gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":67784018,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"634_30_89748_1_10_20200723.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/67784018/634_30_89748_1_10_20200723-libre.pdf?1624866907=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHistorical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=aX0RwV5wzBRl3f-fDxaczoqkwu8zQH~Ld~hVfcSJYDt~~qNYKQGN9Ny6puPadVUU-ylq0nVOagpjam5fCC7EZ0Qs6JhTzMElW7us8gkUR2MXfPp4ZORjt3wMJ4mSZTyAZUkh7-2kyCPg5KE25FSpaSPCqsmUvndkA2TTavIdUVf7-Mj4IMn3x89DN311odJyqFWrw0BR4tpzsBHMn4oXnCocIHWjxToB8gF3rG4l3wEUSsdGDR3nzm13AjSOLKikSnaq2BQmIOr2geMsjGyduto9R8sO33CCuBWuFZ2-~nUbYQmIix97hylz9TRIxO7Z1vre3nTD7qEqGkQTKq1gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":111315,"name":"Stoneworking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stoneworking"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":10208104,"url":"https://doi.org/10.11588/propylaeum.634"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48981894-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40233433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40233433/Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855948/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40233433/Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction">London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sheffield.academia.edu/PennyCoombe">Penny Coombe</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>C. Courault and C. Márquez Moreno (eds.) Quantitative Studies and Production Cost of Roman Public Construction</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s histo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. For a Romano-British context, it is remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. As such, London’s Roman city walls offer an exceptional example in the Roman province of Britannia to examine an important aspect with regard to the logistics of construction: the transportation of building materials. In this paper, we will examine the sources of the materials used and the scale of their transport. This will provide new insights into London’s Roman city walls and the economic and practical implications of sourcing material for its construction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="246d27b9829c2c2feb5caadff8d686fa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855948,"asset_id":40233433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855948/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40233433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40233433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40233433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40233433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40233433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40233433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40233433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "246d27b9829c2c2feb5caadff8d686fa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40233433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40233433,"title":"London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. 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Wilson and C. Duckworth (eds.) Recycling and the Ancient Economy. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and sculptural economies of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized this practice during this period. It addresses various approaches to the economic importance of and rationale behind the reuse and recycling of statuary and other sculpted material in Late Antiquity. The basic economic premise that materials were reused and recycled because they were available more economically than new materials seems clear, but care should be taken not to reduce reuse-recycling solely to economics. Reuse-recycling was also a cultural choice rather than a purely pragmatic practice, and one that expressed a late antique mentality. Sculpted stone was a recognizable commodity in the ancient world and its recycling and reuse have both social and economic implications for the artistic and ideological changes that defined the recycling habit of late antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-42711199-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-42711199-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/6394380/figure-1-reuse-of-statuary-and-the-recycling-habit-of-late"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104885847/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/6394402/figure-2-reuse-of-statuary-and-the-recycling-habit-of-late"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104885847/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-42711199-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0e8fa86b4df6f60adcbd5fbff184da9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104885847,"asset_id":42711199,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104885847/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711199"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711199"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711199; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711199]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711199]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711199; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711199']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b0e8fa86b4df6f60adcbd5fbff184da9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711199,"title":"Reuse of Statuary and the Recycling Habit of Late Antiquity: An Economic Perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and sculptural economies of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized this practice during this period. 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Sculpted stone was a recognizable commodity in the ancient world and its recycling and reuse have both social and economic implications for the artistic and ideological changes that defined the recycling habit of late antiquity.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42711199/Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_An_Economic_Perspective","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-04-12T04:28:06.762-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":104885847,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104885847/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"S._Barker_2020_Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104885847/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104885847/S._Barker_2020_Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_preview-libre.pdf?1691609651=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=V2oDnlXp57RF6gcSRSFxGAJp43Qb-eRx-rNJrkUGhckkXbtmd6WnJNXXF5471tHE9J-Px8Je~kZsCPT7GJyb0rAQq8T7Op0r6Dudc686W1tfGbh4r4ZJvlxLiS-3T-k427a-ifGXQlzB3WbahuJSBqn1vdSBZpc4Wgy79q82-JmP2szdKk1ddcmWRd0~T6zs~COWeZPz9xTsYg7Mh7aBWCZTWGnhskXnFGo3hroqrYv84vAjyCg09JwHN3vFWMrmIvKfxU7cdWfl53DxMQNBvZqwaIqNihdtNW9Qv5KiLUrL0JoXa3Zky3TUoTdGEr5IsuFDKiTwMopsnYYJTQPOcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_An_Economic_Perspective","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and sculptural economies of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized this practice during this period. 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Sculpted stone was a recognizable commodity in the ancient world and its recycling and reuse have both social and economic implications for the artistic and ideological changes that defined the recycling habit of late antiquity.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":104885847,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104885847/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"S._Barker_2020_Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104885847/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104885847/S._Barker_2020_Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_preview-libre.pdf?1691609651=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=V2oDnlXp57RF6gcSRSFxGAJp43Qb-eRx-rNJrkUGhckkXbtmd6WnJNXXF5471tHE9J-Px8Je~kZsCPT7GJyb0rAQq8T7Op0r6Dudc686W1tfGbh4r4ZJvlxLiS-3T-k427a-ifGXQlzB3WbahuJSBqn1vdSBZpc4Wgy79q82-JmP2szdKk1ddcmWRd0~T6zs~COWeZPz9xTsYg7Mh7aBWCZTWGnhskXnFGo3hroqrYv84vAjyCg09JwHN3vFWMrmIvKfxU7cdWfl53DxMQNBvZqwaIqNihdtNW9Qv5KiLUrL0JoXa3Zky3TUoTdGEr5IsuFDKiTwMopsnYYJTQPOcQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History"},{"id":990,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_History"},{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":84391,"name":"Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spolia"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":356406,"name":"Roman statues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_statues"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":1029905,"name":"Roman Statuary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Statuary"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42711199-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42711109"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711109/Marble_pavements_paths_and_views_preliminary_thoughts_on_several_case_studies_from_the_Bay_of_Naples"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Marble pavements, paths and views: preliminary thoughts on several case studies from the Bay of Naples" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104856318/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711109/Marble_pavements_paths_and_views_preliminary_thoughts_on_several_case_studies_from_the_Bay_of_Naples">Marble pavements, paths and views: preliminary thoughts on several case studies from the Bay of Naples</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>A. Anguissola, M. Ladanza, and R. Olivito (eds.) Paesaggi domestici. L’esperienza della natura nelle case e nelle ville romane – Pompei, Ercolano e l’area vesuviano</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This was expressed not only in the size of houses but also by their elaborate décor. From the Late Republican period onwards, lithic decoration developed as a powerful visual means of reflecting the social status of the house owner. Pompeii, Herculaneum and the villas preserved in the eruption of AD 79 testify to the demand for and use of marble. These sites have numerous well-preserved pavements from the first century BC to the first century AD with marble from all over the Mediterranean and Egypt’s Eastern Desert. <br /> <br />Architectural décor served a distinct social function but it also acted as an organising and structuring element within a building. This paper will examine marble insert pavements, i.e. mosaic or cement pavements decorated with inserts of irregular or geometrically shaped pieces of marble (often labelled opus scutulatum) at Villa A (Oplontis) and from other Vesuvian sites (Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae). The positions of specific varieties of stone within individual pavements will be examined to determine how marble was used as an organising element in the visual articulation of the room, and if stone placement was designed to suit the function of the spaces they decorated. In porticoes, rare or higher status marbles were often positioned to maximize their visibility by viewers entering and exiting rooms (as seen in Portico 60 at Villa A). In triclinia (dining rooms), the placement of rare or prestigious stones seems to be confined to the central areas of the floor so as to be most visible to dining guests (as seen in Room 3 of Villa Arianna). Overall this paper will argue that the placement of marble was part of a visual language that further helped articulate spatial organisation within the Roman house.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c28b2d7688d2b35817ef48bdfc91a80b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104856318,"asset_id":42711109,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104856318/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711109"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711109"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711109; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711109]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711109]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711109; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711109']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c28b2d7688d2b35817ef48bdfc91a80b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711109]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711109,"title":"Marble pavements, paths and views: preliminary thoughts on several case studies from the Bay of Naples","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This was expressed not only in the size of houses but also by their elaborate décor. From the Late Republican period onwards, lithic decoration developed as a powerful visual means of reflecting the social status of the house owner. Pompeii, Herculaneum and the villas preserved in the eruption of AD 79 testify to the demand for and use of marble. These sites have numerous well-preserved pavements from the first century BC to the first century AD with marble from all over the Mediterranean and Egypt’s Eastern Desert. \r\n\r\nArchitectural décor served a distinct social function but it also acted as an organising and structuring element within a building. This paper will examine marble insert pavements, i.e. mosaic or cement pavements decorated with inserts of irregular or geometrically shaped pieces of marble (often labelled opus scutulatum) at Villa A (Oplontis) and from other Vesuvian sites (Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae). The positions of specific varieties of stone within individual pavements will be examined to determine how marble was used as an organising element in the visual articulation of the room, and if stone placement was designed to suit the function of the spaces they decorated. In porticoes, rare or higher status marbles were often positioned to maximize their visibility by viewers entering and exiting rooms (as seen in Portico 60 at Villa A). In triclinia (dining rooms), the placement of rare or prestigious stones seems to be confined to the central areas of the floor so as to be most visible to dining guests (as seen in Room 3 of Villa Arianna). Overall this paper will argue that the placement of marble was part of a visual language that further helped articulate spatial organisation within the Roman house.","ai_title_tag":"Marble Use in Roman House Interiors","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"A. Anguissola, M. Ladanza, and R. Olivito (eds.) Paesaggi domestici. L’esperienza della natura nelle case e nelle ville romane – Pompei, Ercolano e l’area vesuviano"},"translated_abstract":"Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This was expressed not only in the size of houses but also by their elaborate décor. From the Late Republican period onwards, lithic decoration developed as a powerful visual means of reflecting the social status of the house owner. Pompeii, Herculaneum and the villas preserved in the eruption of AD 79 testify to the demand for and use of marble. These sites have numerous well-preserved pavements from the first century BC to the first century AD with marble from all over the Mediterranean and Egypt’s Eastern Desert. \r\n\r\nArchitectural décor served a distinct social function but it also acted as an organising and structuring element within a building. This paper will examine marble insert pavements, i.e. mosaic or cement pavements decorated with inserts of irregular or geometrically shaped pieces of marble (often labelled opus scutulatum) at Villa A (Oplontis) and from other Vesuvian sites (Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae). The positions of specific varieties of stone within individual pavements will be examined to determine how marble was used as an organising element in the visual articulation of the room, and if stone placement was designed to suit the function of the spaces they decorated. In porticoes, rare or higher status marbles were often positioned to maximize their visibility by viewers entering and exiting rooms (as seen in Portico 60 at Villa A). In triclinia (dining rooms), the placement of rare or prestigious stones seems to be confined to the central areas of the floor so as to be most visible to dining guests (as seen in Room 3 of Villa Arianna). Overall this paper will argue that the placement of marble was part of a visual language that further helped articulate spatial organisation within the Roman house.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/42711109/Marble_pavements_paths_and_views_preliminary_thoughts_on_several_case_studies_from_the_Bay_of_Naples","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2020-04-12T04:19:29.602-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":104856318,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104856318/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2020_Marble_Pavements_Paths_Views_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104856318/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_pavements_paths_and_views_prelimi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104856318/Barker_2020_Marble_Pavements_Paths_Views_preview-libre.pdf?1691511349=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_pavements_paths_and_views_prelimi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=amVuqlg4wPlT7JmwlKS3UH3gxxlAKoVEj47c5cRstYS5o9XwoUFBK8K6ABk2UHiVZdep5giPlIcutqu-PQsvno4yRqaLIPXiMsF-HNHfyTExHhaLpinGGLdV1Jw4LlOvhcsAhoWTsYhGYPuuvSgXgaJtWqFNcqTYvOVBiXVxSjNoHnpwQe~PQFF58QIhYdqB4iM0gGnEw2ygPmKg4aymTXGgXsDk~c47uqipvJSsFIdsMDY67vxDKJUWiIC7QM86CzPESnHNt4xbgQ6m28fVoP5~PKdoCS0PQrRZBrYZ9MOedwws5EPzuSYC~XFtqjsOfFCvg7hyEb2PTqStufg0Fg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Marble_pavements_paths_and_views_preliminary_thoughts_on_several_case_studies_from_the_Bay_of_Naples","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. 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The positions of specific varieties of stone within individual pavements will be examined to determine how marble was used as an organising element in the visual articulation of the room, and if stone placement was designed to suit the function of the spaces they decorated. In porticoes, rare or higher status marbles were often positioned to maximize their visibility by viewers entering and exiting rooms (as seen in Portico 60 at Villa A). In triclinia (dining rooms), the placement of rare or prestigious stones seems to be confined to the central areas of the floor so as to be most visible to dining guests (as seen in Room 3 of Villa Arianna). 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Intagliata</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>E. E. Intagliata, C. Courault, and S. Barker (eds) City Walls in Late Antiquity</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP re...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2020932445</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="07251668c53bd4c637a161d5378931c8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62925143,"asset_id":42711071,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925143/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711071"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711071"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711071; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711071]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711071]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711071; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711071']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "07251668c53bd4c637a161d5378931c8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711071]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711071,"title":"Approaching late antique city walls with an empire wide perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"Oxford \u0026 Philadelphia: Oxbow Books","page_numbers":"1-10","grobid_abstract":"Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2020932445","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"E. 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Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42711071-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="10291266" id="booksandjournals"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="105387997"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/105387997/ACTA_Vol_33_No_N_S_19_2021_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of ACTA, Vol. 33 No. N.S. 19 (2021)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855060/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/105387997/ACTA_Vol_33_No_N_S_19_2021_">ACTA, Vol. 33 No. N.S. 19 (2021)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CourtneyAWard">Courtney A. Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Volume 33 of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia, the DNiR journal, presents pa...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Volume 33 of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia, the DNiR journal, presents papers from two very different workshops held at the Norwegian Institute in 2019. The first, New research on late-antique recycling, was a one-day workshop organised by Simon J. Barker and held on September 5th. The second, Adornment as expression of everyday identity in ancient and medieval life, was a two-day conference held later in September on the 12-13th. It was organised by Courtney A. Ward and jointly held with the Finnish Institute in Rome. 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Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102680743/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/102399610/From_Concept_to_Monument_Time_and_Costs_of_Construction_in_the_Ancient_World_Papers_in_Honour_of_Janet_DeLaine">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leiza.academia.edu/DominikMaschek">Dominik Maschek</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet De...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet DeLaine’s seminal work on Roman architecture and construction. One of the foremost scholars of the last decades, her pioneering research has offered important insights not only into individual structures in central Italy but also into the processes involved in creating ancient buildings. Her approach has provided important conceptual frameworks that have allowed scholars to understand Roman buildings in their proper social and economic contexts. The volume collects papers from an international conference held in Janet’s honour at Wolfson College, Oxford, in January 2020. The various contributions focus on modelling the costs of construction over the course of 2,500 years, from Bronze Age Greece to the early Middle Ages. They discuss both broader issues of methodology and particular case studies, with particular attention to the effort needed in the different steps of architectural creation, such as the exploitation of raw materials (e.g. quarries), transport, and the construction processes on building sites. The papers not only cover a wide chronological and geographical area of the ancient world but also take up many of the themes explored by Janet throughout her career on Roman architecture, urbanism, building technologies, materials, and the principles of design. The wide range of papers reflects the scope and vibrancy of Janet’s scholarship on Roman architecture and her enormous contribution to the discipline.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b77e9b6f41299834a87b46616af0e7ef" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":102680743,"asset_id":102399610,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/102680743/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102399610"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102399610"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102399610; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102399610]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102399610]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102399610; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102399610']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b77e9b6f41299834a87b46616af0e7ef" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102399610]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102399610,"title":"From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. 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Intagliata</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AyseDalyanciBerns">Ayse Dalyanci-Berns</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/MarcHeijmans">Marc Heijmans</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://hunter-cuny.academia.edu/HendrikDey">Hendrik Dey</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://bham.academia.edu/SimonEsmondeCleary">Simon Esmonde Cleary</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://dubaimonsters.academia.edu/AdriaanDeMan">Adriaan De Man</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique pe...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. City walls were the most significant construction projects of their time and they redefined the urban landscape. Their appearance and monumental scale, as well as the cost of labour and material, are easily comparable to projects from the High Empire; however, urban circuits provided late-antique towns with a new means of self-representation. While their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly, the cost involved and the dramatic impact that such projects had on the urban topography of late-antique cities mark city walls as one of the most important urban initiatives of the period. To-date, research on city walls in the two halves of the empire has highlighted chronological and regional variations, enabling scholars to rethink how and why urban circuits were built and functioned in Late Antiquity. Although these developments have made a significant contribution to the understanding of late-antique city walls, studies are often concerned with one single monument/small group of monuments or a particular region, and the issues raised do not usually lead to a broader perspective, creating an artificial divide between east and west. It is this broader understanding that this book seeks to provide. The volume and its contributions arise from a conference held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies in Rome on June 20-21, 2018. It includes articles from world-leading experts in late-antique history and archaeology and is based around important themes that emerged at the conference, such as construction, spolia-use, late-antique architecture, culture and urbanism, empire-wide changes in Late Antiquity, and the perception of this practice by local inhabitants.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="782d7e179b8c30cfa3dc9c1e8b0e22ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62925125,"asset_id":42711042,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925125/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711042"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711042"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711042; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711042]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711042]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711042; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711042']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "782d7e179b8c30cfa3dc9c1e8b0e22ae" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711042]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711042,"title":"City Walls in Late Antiquity: An Empire-wide Perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The construction of urban defences was one of the hallmarks of the late Roman and late-antique periods (300–600 AD) throughout the western and eastern empire. 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Although these developments have made a significant contribution to the understanding of late-antique city walls, studies are often concerned with one single monument/small group of monuments or a particular region, and the issues raised do not usually lead to a broader perspective, creating an artificial divide between east and west. It is this broader understanding that this book seeks to provide. The volume and its contributions arise from a conference held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies in Rome on June 20-21, 2018. It includes articles from world-leading experts in late-antique history and archaeology and is based around important themes that emerged at the conference, such as construction, spolia-use, late-antique architecture, culture and urbanism, empire-wide changes in Late Antiquity, and the perception of this practice by local inhabitants.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker","email":"TmlNdGRicjgrTFBFVDJvWEVubWdTK2phbTBWYUZBWFVyTHZYbnptR3VtTFp2MDFNckRkOG1QelBGMXcvdG5GTS0tMEI1eUVwL1dQQXZlZHgwNHMrOWlUdz09--4b2c053a2376be0ca414b6b0eba366856f46fa16"},"attachments":[{"id":62925125,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62925125/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_title_pages_and_contents.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925125/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_An_Empire_w.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62925125/City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_title_pages_and_contents-libre.pdf?1586692360=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCity_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_An_Empire_w.pdf\u0026Expires=1743706374\u0026Signature=cirSWtnkKnfBSpiCvTYb9AaznO3Tyyhw3m6cz7KAe1BxDqSC2Ak-8mqwlpFOjfxQKepFnRG2k3GFTvwgScaDy-FproZxD6MiN1t4l7ba83zptXLoFWDH~QdW2WbXxFVO0EFM7oZG3s5g3G9I7O6BZlQP~z88V4yYmlm9Nch5R0lbp9PPNoZcLhdozW-nGrtw21VXDDj5GGwOtScc2BW4X5Ebj4jkuqbWs4wCjNgFfpRkAV0fvQISj0ostKWP7jx-ydbfuvo0wk4RaQLZW2zxdACQqp9bb3-wxBB0V4dfOy3O8rRS94R~tpxD~yyffO7f-mR30KTYDARr22bfBxpgCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":92619,"name":"Late Antique Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Urbanism"},{"id":98823,"name":"Roman Architecture and Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture_and_Urbanism"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":767006,"name":"Ancient City Walls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_City_Walls"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42711042-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="64233" id="publishedarticles"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126691269"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126691269/Early_Egyptian_Stone_Imports_to_Campania_The_Case_of_Stones_from_Four_Small_Roman_Quarries_from_Egypt_s_Eastern_Desert"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120531172/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126691269/Early_Egyptian_Stone_Imports_to_Campania_The_Case_of_Stones_from_Four_Small_Roman_Quarries_from_Egypt_s_Eastern_Desert">Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside an ongoing census of lithic décor in Campania, allow a more nuanced understanding of the interplay of Roman investment in the Eastern Desert, conspicuous construction in Rome, and discussion down the social hierarchy in Campania. Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian<br />artisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. In Campania, these four stones are scarce, a point that is explored in the last part of the paper.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-126691269-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-126691269-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692088/figure-1-introduction-klemm-and-klemm-harrell-brief-note"><img alt="Introduction R. Klemm and D.D. Klemm 2008, 291-95; Harrell 2024, 700, 741, 745. A brief note about the stone terminol- ogy used in this paper is necessary at the outset. Today, scholars working in the field of marble studies have opted for a mix of geological, ancient Roman, and Italian artisanal nomenclatures. Traditionally, the latter, developed by Italian marmorari (marble craftsmen) from the 16th century onwards, has been most widely adopted. In discussing the four Eastern Desert stones, we have decided not to use the term “granite,” as none are true granites in the geological sense (unlike the granite from Aswan). Only granito della colonna, from Wadi Umm Shegilat, a coarse pegmatitic diorite, is even geologically close to a granite. In addition, Latin has no word for granite. This stands in contrast to marble (Latin marmor). This term was used in antiquity to refer to any hard stone capable of taking a polish, even though marmora were not always the metamorphic rocks that present-day geologists recognize as marble. However, given the fact that some stones described as marmor are true marbles, the name arguably has a valid place in modern studies. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692104/figure-2-pegmatitic-diorite-from-wadi-umm-shegilat-granito"><img alt="Pegmatitic Diorite from Wadi Umm Shegilat, granito della colonna (Italian Artisanal Name), Ancient Name Unknown FIgule 2 \ICit) Wadi Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite from the decorative stones collection in the Kelsey Museum. Scale bar has 1 cm divisions. The fragment, probably a piece of sectilia paving or veneer, was acquired by F. W. Kelsey in Rome, 13 March 1901. Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, inv. no. KM 2072 (photo courtesy of the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan). BY; aS Wadi Umm Shegilat was one of the smallest quarries in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that actually exported products to Rome, but its product, a pegmatitic diorite known to the Italian artisanal tradition as granito della colonna, is one of the mos ona white pavimenta now raises organized t spectacular of the area’s stones, featuring long black crystals ground with faint pink blushes (fig. 2).°° Recent work on sectilia from Herodian buildings, closely dated to 20-10 BCE, in Judea the possibility that Wadi Umm Shegilat was also the first quarry to produce for export after the Roman annexation.” Fragments of a Herodian pavement in a hall at Banias in Galilee include a tile of Umm Shegilat (fig. 3) along with what are now called the “imperial” marbles—m. chium, m. numidicum, m. luculleum, m. carystium, and m. phrygium—as well as calcite alabaster from Asia Minor and Egypt; breccia corallina, cipollino rosso (m. iassense or carium). and bisio antico from Asia Minor: and breccia di Alenno. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692115/figure-4-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="Figure 4 " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692124/figure-5-that-sank-off-porto-novo-at-the-eastern-entrance-to"><img alt="that sank off Porto Novo,” at the eastern entrance to the Bocche di Bonnifacic strait between Corsica and Sardinia. Captains would run this rocky passage in order to avoid long detours around the islands on the way to Spain (to reach southern Gaul, the easier route was to go north around Corsica). Since a gold coin dated 27 CE from the mint of Lugdunum (modern Lyon) was found in the wreck, the ship evidently was helping to supply the monumentalization of the cities of Tarraconensis. There were aboard also panels of precious marbles including this pegmatitic diorite (fig. 5); however, these probably represent the remains of an earlier cargo subsequently used as dunnage, suggesting the Umm Shegilat stone was exported from Egypt at an earlier date. The most likely route for the ill-fated ship ran from Rome or Portus to Luna, to load columns, and then to Spain or possibly Gaul. All this points to a well-devel- oped trade network. Despite statements that the Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite was widely distributed and used at both Pompeii and Herculaneum,” " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_004.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692141/figure-6-we-can-verify-only-one-sectilia-tile-at-pompeii-in"><img alt="we can verify only one sectilia tile (fig. 6) at Pompeii, in the pavement of the House of the Small Fountain (VI.8.23, Room 8). It is set next to a tile of m. Claudianum. The juxtaposition is surely not accidental; the owner (or mosa- icist) wanted to call attention to his prized Egyptian “collection.” There is also a possible Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite fragment in a bar counter at Pompeii (1.8.1) that currently is covered with protective plastic and impossible to see clearly. Figure 6 rigureé o Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite and Mons Claudianus tonalite gneiss sectilia tiles in Room 8 of the House of the Small Fountain (VI.8.23), Pompeii. Scale bar has 4, 20, and 40 cm divisions (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692151/figure-6-metagabbro-from-wadi-maghrabiya-gabbro-eufotide"><img alt="Metagabbro from Wadi Maghrabiya, Gabbro eufotide (Italian Artisanal Name): Ancient m. Augusteum Identified? " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_006.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692161/figure-8-whom-were-in-fact-actively-involved-in-marble"><img alt="whom were in fact actively involved in marble production.” This was the same route to Spain that the Porto Novo ship with its remnant earlier cargo, including tiles of Umm Shegilat pegmatitic diorite, was plying (see above). All this points to a sophisticated trade network, with Luna as the source of white marble as well as a node in a more complex commercial system. a : i bc: i: i i i : i ao ey ee: | Figure 8 Pigulre uu Metagabbro (eufotide) tile from one of the sectilia pavimenta from the first of two ships recovered from Lake Nemi in the Alban Hills outside of Rome, dated to the reign of Caligula (37-41 CE) (photo by S. J. Barker, per gentile concessione della Direzione Regionale Musei Nazionali Lazio — Museo delle Navi Romane — Nemi [RM)). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_007.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692168/figure-8-banquet-ships-ostentation-was-major-aim-the"><img alt="banquet ships ostentation was a major aim. The surviving sectilia pavimenta is dominated by purple lapis porphyrites and green lapis lacedaemonius, set in a ground of white (palombino?) tesserae and listelli (fillets) of vitreous paste in a lively orange red. The sole piece o in one of the repeating shield motifs; t f the Maghrabiya metagabbro appears he other instances of this pattern in the surviving pavement are rendered in lapis lacedaemonius. The impression given by this admittedly small sample is tha t the Egyptian stone was used because of its general similarity to lapis lacedaemonius and not for its own sake, as it clearly was in the triclinitum pavemen t at Luna. n n eo Detail of a panel of metagabbro (eufotide) from the tablinum (15) of the House of M. Lucretius on the Via Stabiana (IX.3.5), Pompeii. Scale bar has 1 cm divisions (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata l’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_008.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692175/figure-10-style-period-ca-ce-the-stone-is-more-widespread-at"><img alt="Style period (ca. 45-79 CE).°° The stone is more widespread at Herculaneum, where it appears in numerous late Fourth-Style sectilia pavimenta from the House of the Stags (IV.21; e.g., Rooms 5, 7, and 15),” the House of the Relief of Telephus (Ins. Or. I.2, Room 18, the so-called Marble Room),” and the House of the Alcove (IV.4, oecus 20).” As will be discussed below, we believe but cannot yet verify that eufotide also appears in Rome in the Domus Transitoria pavement alongside pieces of ophites (San Lorenzo/San Pietro varieties).°* The frequent juxtaposition of eufotide with ophites (San Pietro variety) in triclin- ium 5 of the House of the Stags (fig. 10) calls to mind Pliny the Elder’s contrast of ophites (which “resembles the spots of snakes”), m. Augusteum (which “curls into waves”), and m. Tibereum (which has “gray markings that are dispersed, " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_009.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692184/figure-10-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_010.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692202/figure-11-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_011.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692211/figure-12-shapeless-pieces-in-the-marble-insert-pavement-of"><img alt="shapeless pieces in the marble insert pavement of the atrium floor of the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_012.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692223/figure-14-house-of-umbricius-scaurus-ii-at-pompeii-vii-this"><img alt="House of A. Umbricius Scaurus II at Pompeii (VII.16.13) (fig. 14).'°* This large floor is generally dated in the literature by association with the late Second- Style painting of the atrium walls.’ Such a date for a pavement that includes pieces of the Wadi Umm Esh serpentinite seems unlikely. Only the fauces mosaic with its flower motif seems to date to this period in its entirety. In FISure IF Two fragments of Wadi Umm Esh serpentinite in the mosaic paving of the atrium at the House of A. Umbricius Scaurus Il (VII.16.13), Pompeii (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_013.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692234/figure-14-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_014.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692245/figure-15-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_015.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692272/figure-16-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_016.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692315/figure-17-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_017.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692323/figure-20-not-long-enough-to-span-the-row-of-numidicum-tiles"><img alt="not long enough to span the row of m. numidicum tiles (fig. 20). In the House of Severus (VIII.2.29), an original black ground mosaic pavement in vestibulum temploys inserts of rhombuses in m. chium ina grid created by dadi (cubes) aligned with the points of the rhombuses in both directions and with rows of three geometric, shaped inserts in-between.'® The pavement includes a small strip and triangle of ophites (San Pietro variety) along with a small square of lapis lacedaemonius and a triangle of lapis porphyrites (fig. 21). The pavement and the connecting mosaic of the atrium are dated to the Claudian period " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_018.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692343/figure-21-metagabbro-ophites-san-pietro-variety-fragment"><img alt="Figure 21 Metagabbro (ophites, San Pietro variety) fragment (indicated by the red arrow) in the mosaic pavement of the fauces (vestibulum 1) of the House of Severus (VIII.2.29), Pompeii (photo by S. J. Barker, su concessione del Ministero della Cultura - Parco Archeologico di Pompei; é vietata I’ulteriore riproduzione o duplicazione con qualsiasi mezzo e in qualsiasi modo). ease SE eee eee eee Nh Ne NO NI NEN I NEI I I NE Nd Stone-clad street-side bars may offer some help with this question. Tastes began to trend away from paint to decorative stone cladding at some point in the mid-Julio-Claudian period (as of 79 CE, about half of Pompeii’s 200 bars had marble surfaces). The stones are almost all reused pieces or work- ing debris’ and the majority do not preserve their original edges. Egyptian ithotypes are rare, but, when available, were set in prominent positions. The composition of one bar fagade (VI.10.1) centers on a large (47 x 30 cm) plaque " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_019.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12692353/figure-20-early-egyptian-stone-imports-to-campania-the-case"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120531172/figure_020.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-126691269-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ded8e1b3a184905e9c56dfa4685bebfb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120531172,"asset_id":126691269,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120531172/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126691269"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126691269"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126691269; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126691269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=126691269]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126691269; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='126691269']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ded8e1b3a184905e9c56dfa4685bebfb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=126691269]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":126691269,"title":"Early Egyptian Stone Imports to Campania: The Case of Stones from Four Small, Roman Quarries from Egypt’s Eastern Desert","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.2307/27345521","abstract":"Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside an ongoing census of lithic décor in Campania, allow a more nuanced understanding of the interplay of Roman investment in the Eastern Desert, conspicuous construction in Rome, and discussion down the social hierarchy in Campania. Production of four lesser-known Egyptian stones—the pegmatitic diorite from Wâdi Umm Shegilat known to the Italian\nartisanal tradition as granito della colonna; the metagabbro eufotide from Wadi Maghrabîya; a serpentinite from Wâdi Umm Esh; and another metagabbro, granito della sedia di San Lorenzo/San Pietro, the Roman ophites, from Wâdi Umm Wikala—seems in all cases to have begun under Augustus (prior to 14 CE), and the discussion of these stones in Italy was well established before the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 CE. In this article, we look at all four stones together. Interestingly, the distribution of these stones stands in stark contrast to those from the large quarries of Porphyrites and Mons Claudianus. 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Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 1...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Our focus is on the range of workers (especially metal-workers), the composition and size of quarry work-teams, their organisation, and the economic impact of their maintenance costs <br />--- <br />Cet article se concentre sur les sources comparatives des périodes historiques (principalement du 17e-20e siècle) concernant la logistique, la main-d’oeuvre, et les coûts d’exploitation des carrières de pierre. Les implications de ces données sont examinées en relation avec des carrières romaines, en particulier l’éventail des travailleurs (notamment les métallurgistes), la composition et la taille des équipes de travail, leur organisation, et l’impact économique de leurs coûts de maintenance.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-127163927-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-127163927-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/12396643/figure-1-comparative-sources-for-quarry-logistics-workforces"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/120937914/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-127163927-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6589d2fd9cf7c2463fc186321477b6ba" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120937914,"asset_id":127163927,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120937914/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="127163927"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="127163927"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127163927; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127163927]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=127163927]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 127163927; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='127163927']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6589d2fd9cf7c2463fc186321477b6ba" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=127163927]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":127163927,"title":"Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces, and Operational Costs – their Implications for Antiquity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.48611/isbn.978-2-406-17255-0.p.0037","issue":"1","volume":"n° 13 (2023)","abstract":"This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. 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Les implications de ces données sont examinées en relation avec des carrières romaines, en particulier l’éventail des travailleurs (notamment les métallurgistes), la composition et la taille des équipes de travail, leur organisation, et l’impact économique de leurs coûts de maintenance.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":120937914,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120937914/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_Russell_2024_Front_Matter.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120937914/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/120937914/Barker_Russell_2024_Front_Matter-libre.pdf?1737458459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622883\u0026Signature=OWKkXSJBonL5-SNpsgfmlJN4AygRPuAzK~oYKRLiOMphZD4RPNiTOSyKnltJLIZcrtH4KaWJFrYROE8ug6VtV~L1ef0yxAI5UP22HZjizJTOqY6YBS4Ss0pQVlwzyKAapYD-Sx8X5MTcr6VNC7ZhAa1r56GBimWr1NMbjNjkrZ5gVJjWKUxKhndKWj2N7ay8WTCPcMd63vwbtnhT1rjWICxp8rxj7VOEyxfcywfLxiCbVoqf2089HRvkneBixtR28mUM8~C2nLl789TclkLNbdlGLyj8GO1YG6P2hC-yczRj6AXAJWZXK2NFXad0NeMHHopYGXhk6ycXB4SOo4C09Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":958,"name":"Historical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Archaeology"},{"id":7655,"name":"Architectural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_History"},{"id":33106,"name":"Ancient Craftmanship (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Craftmanship_Archaeology_"},{"id":33377,"name":"Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Egypt"},{"id":43182,"name":"Ancient Quarrying","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Quarrying"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":164414,"name":"Roman Marble Quarries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_Quarries"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-127163927-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="114642799"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/114642799/Rome_Recycled"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Rome Recycled" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111286587/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/114642799/Rome_Recycled">Rome Recycled</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Volume</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Discussions of ancient Roman architecture conjure images of grand buildings built on an enormous ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Discussions of ancient Roman architecture conjure images of grand buildings built on an enormous scale that were created thanks to the careful organization of skilled labour and technological innovation. While these images are accurate, they are not representative of the whole picture. Roman architectural practices also developed and flourished thanks to careful and controlled demolition and the recycling of second-hand architectural material.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-114642799-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642799-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/35527951/figure-1-rome-recycled"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/111286587/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642799-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="565569428d2222a25a637eb18214dce1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":111286587,"asset_id":114642799,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286587/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="114642799"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="114642799"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642799; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642799]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642799]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642799; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='114642799']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "565569428d2222a25a637eb18214dce1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=114642799]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":114642799,"title":"Rome Recycled","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"63","abstract":"Discussions of ancient Roman architecture conjure images of grand buildings built on an enormous scale that were created thanks to the careful organization of skilled labour and technological innovation. 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","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":111286587,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111286587/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BVolume_63_2023_Contents.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286587/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Rome_Recycled.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111286587/BVolume_63_2023_Contents-libre.pdf?1707405229=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRome_Recycled.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622883\u0026Signature=L5qvD-UZtQsC8~0CVdejnzgwYPZerh8~xFpfmdpThf7dN12xgvURfV85cLokHmpIIeRNmSsTnODBf-iQTuSAmXyJyM8zFwmiTZF8W8ksNNlL7zHXNqkBuXZ0MukPm6aRKW0yJQW9QErBZEeJmKhstzd3qYpbRH4AvmaS3ZiImcYXZSFsBXBaYfenVvCKYGE6u3aHtaIPrVNNj4WKqA3hL62~jlkCexQN9p7B6P4YB7pJi~MSKtotQVKIpSuIsTvnmQRqkgifSpQ2VWoFQyv9S2rZbtbSdBOa4oP~Y~FTEHBxxjkNfai8mHVO19nVveGmOjwy47HGZVSCxZYtue~BQA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":18121,"name":"Imperial Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Imperial_Rome"},{"id":69792,"name":"Ancient Rome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Rome"},{"id":84391,"name":"Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spolia"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":177350,"name":"Reuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reuse"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-114642799-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="105389817"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/105389817/Preface_Visionary_and_Pragmatic_Studying_the_Nuts_and_Bolts_of_Roman_Architecture"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Preface. Visionary and Pragmatic: Studying the Nuts and Bolts of Roman Architecture" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104856387/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/105389817/Preface_Visionary_and_Pragmatic_Studying_the_Nuts_and_Bolts_of_Roman_Architecture">Preface. Visionary and Pragmatic: Studying the Nuts and Bolts of Roman Architecture</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>In: S. Barker, C. Courault, J. A. Domingo, and D. Maschek (eds.), From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine. Oxford: Archeopress</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">4� Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">4� Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimating the Value of Roman Construction Projects ��61 Grzegorz Jan Blicharz 5� Demolitions, Collapses, and the Control of the Housing Market in Rome ��80 Marguerite Ronin 6. La construcción del poder omeya. Recursos, costes y ciclo productivo arquitectónico de Madīnat al-Zahrā' ��98 Eneko Lopez-Marigorta and Christopher Courault 7� How to Define the 'Status' of Stonemasons Employed in a Rock-Hewn Worksite in the Medieval Period: Reflections and Hypotheses �� 119 Anaïs Lamesa and Michael Gervers 8� The Energetics of Earth and Turf Construction in the Roman World ��135</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f41b54053c3d014d6c3ea1b2a1e5bf6f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104856387,"asset_id":105389817,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104856387/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="105389817"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="105389817"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105389817; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105389817]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=105389817]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 105389817; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='105389817']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f41b54053c3d014d6c3ea1b2a1e5bf6f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=105389817]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":105389817,"title":"Preface. Visionary and Pragmatic: Studying the Nuts and Bolts of Roman Architecture","translated_title":"","metadata":{"page_numbers":"vii–xiv","grobid_abstract":"4� Issues Arising from Inheritance Tax Applied to Testamentary Legacies: Legal Aspects of Estimating the Value of Roman Construction Projects ��61 Grzegorz Jan Blicharz 5� Demolitions, Collapses, and the Control of the Housing Market in Rome ��80 Marguerite Ronin 6. La construcción del poder omeya. Recursos, costes y ciclo productivo arquitectónico de Madīnat al-Zahrā' ��98 Eneko Lopez-Marigorta and Christopher Courault 7� How to Define the 'Status' of Stonemasons Employed in a Rock-Hewn Worksite in the Medieval Period: Reflections and Hypotheses �� 119 Anaïs Lamesa and Michael Gervers 8� The Energetics of Earth and Turf Construction in the Roman World ��135","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"In: S. Barker, C. Courault, J. A. Domingo, and D. 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Barker, C. Courault, J. A. Domingo, and D. Maschek (eds.), From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World. Papers in Honour of Janet DeLaine. Oxford: Archeopress</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of architectural energetics, drawing primarily on 19th-century building manuals for useable labour constants. Such manuals are not the only source for understanding the Roman building economy, however, and indeed labour figures are only part of the equation. Focusing on stone carving, this paper highlights alternative comparative data, such as price-books, building and other accounts, and modern restoration projects, which can be used to better understand ancient practices. In particular, we explore a range of ‘hidden’ costs beyond labour and materials, revealed in these sources but rarely accounted for in architectural energetics. These include variation in wages, profit on the part of workers, incidental costs for tools and accommodation, and contingencies for wastage and supply issues. By considering these factors we can better define the parameters for energetic studies concerning stone construction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0edc266965d29c1b0e972e2ab5dc90cf" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855546,"asset_id":102401209,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855546/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102401209"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102401209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102401209; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102401209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102401209]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102401209; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102401209']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0edc266965d29c1b0e972e2ab5dc90cf" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102401209]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102401209,"title":"Beyond Labour Figures: The “Hidden” Costs of Stoneworking and their Application in Architectural Energetics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A considerable amount of recent research on the economics of ancient construction has made use of architectural energetics, drawing primarily on 19th-century building manuals for useable labour constants. 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Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>In: D. Maschek and M. Trümper (eds.), Architecture and the Ancient Economy. Proceedings of a conference held at Berlin, 26–28 September 2019. Analysis Archaeologica. An International Journal of Western Mediterranean Archaeology. Monograph Series, N. 7. Rome: Edizioni Quasar</span><span>, 2023</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. In considering the myriad of variables that may be taken into consideration for energetics studies, the paper is intended to spark debate and discussion about how authors may best use this rich methodological approach to Roman architecture and the ancient economy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7151f2f439fd77c732135afe0e2af9dc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855579,"asset_id":102400964,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855579/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="102400964"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="102400964"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102400964; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102400964]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=102400964]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 102400964; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='102400964']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7151f2f439fd77c732135afe0e2af9dc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=102400964]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":102400964,"title":"Reflections on Energetics Studies and Roman Architecture","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. In considering the myriad of variables that may be taken into consideration for energetics studies, the paper is intended to spark debate and discussion about how authors may best use this rich methodological approach to Roman architecture and the ancient economy.","ai_title_tag":"Standardizing Energetics in Roman Architecture","page_numbers":"59-110","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"In: D. Maschek and M. Trümper (eds.), Architecture and the Ancient Economy. Proceedings of a conference held at Berlin, 26–28 September 2019. Analysis Archaeologica. An International Journal of Western Mediterranean Archaeology. Monograph Series, N. 7. Rome: Edizioni Quasar"},"translated_abstract":"In the last several decades, architectural energetics has provided an important modus operandi for scholars seeking to relate Roman monuments to the social, political, and economic contexts in which they were built. While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. 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While the general methodology and its utility are now well-established, a degree of standardisation is necessary, especially in the selection of time-labour rates, their application to specific structures, and the presentation of the data. To this end, the present paper serves both as an introduction for scholars seeking to engage with energetics and Roman architecture for the first-time and as a reflection on the sources available and their application to different questions within the wider discipline. In considering the myriad of variables that may be taken into consideration for energetics studies, the paper is intended to spark debate and discussion about how authors may best use this rich methodological approach to Roman architecture and the ancient economy.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":104855579,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855579/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_et_al._2022_Reflection_on_Energetics_Studies_preview.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855579/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Reflections_on_Energetics_Studies_and_Ro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104855579/Barker_et_al._2022_Reflection_on_Energetics_Studies_preview-libre.pdf?1691515471=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DReflections_on_Energetics_Studies_and_Ro.pdf\u0026Expires=1743717219\u0026Signature=OOGYfFQzgSublEYoq2FP5QEz-t5W-untutii3YfdsHjVTVYBybLgAoMQBPWLUeu7DBVyQBqmoOhXIOi0Duar7~tEFXPO2DcssYwfm7cxYyG1AMkYGnDT1vI0Vx6ykhovHPMpU0BJ0Oc2PXeNUW5rHCDPSNRisYeSgPV992o-7Ll~fHMv~SmxGkhuBfe6V1rSoErJEmzRZY6tdtLU88QPtAXpXRg3~8bkRoNgSrOov3FwFfIjvZzBmhL7QZIazrwF7GKpwPNnYoFy666SgCCr1bWjpg2wzXaIeCCySwmKq74W~hKyRYPehOXdCfSRoll0Ws3TNjfmukdNDjNXT5Co4A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology"},{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-102400964-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85870733"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85870733/Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Marble aesthetics in two sea-from houses at Herculaneum" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90443952/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85870733/Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum">Marble aesthetics in two sea-from houses at Herculaneum</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>MARMORA an international journal for archaeology, h i story and archaeometry of marbles and stones</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6db94b1b8c8719d7df92005930ccc9d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90443952,"asset_id":85870733,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85870733"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85870733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85870733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85870733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85870733]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85870733; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85870733']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "6db94b1b8c8719d7df92005930ccc9d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85870733]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85870733,"title":"Marble aesthetics in two sea-from houses at Herculaneum","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.19272/202101401005","abstract":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"MARMORA an international journal for archaeology, h i story and archaeometry of marbles and stones"},"translated_abstract":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85870733/Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-30T00:24:20.716-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90443952,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90443952/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BARKER_2022_1st_Page.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90443952/BARKER_2022_1st_Page-libre.pdf?1661844346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672008\u0026Signature=JWe7mb8KN4O6-pw0ITVc2S-QLe~EH6JVIDQhfu-t-j6PpVwxlDCMBqj33d62BVd1rb~XeudozrUA03a6Hr0G5eaDRiCJwVgXK8GqNWGRrJcgTrKO51q2loMCtC3ujKo~Ad3BacGI-e6m0GQQmeLHyf5Q5xQxkCr2nR75Ujp0uugrz641dSeiUfoH2YtW7xXI8tQgDVxq7Dpc24qf8~Fjc343jfg9A1kwheVxoWkU4UgU1nNDLHFmfUar7tXscBGbUEdqm5f8WQ1FcasXgx5UbhvcINnzeVgmWynT~npfA5AH2UoE2Clh6ttQ14ytYkL9Taf9OGjpE3FK~B7OuypPdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses_at_Herculaneum","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This study examines the marble decoration of two sea-front houses at Herculaneum – the Casa dell’Atrio a Mosaico (iv 1-2) and the Casa dei Cervi (iv 21) – to better understand the aesthetic impact of marble use in domestic settings during the early imperial period. Both houses had views over the bay of Naples and feature comprehensive Fourth-Style marble decoration, including floors (of different pavement techniques), wall revetment and sculptural decoration. This paper looks at how these marble environments created specific aesthetic effects in individual rooms within these luxurious houses. Overall, the discussion will bring new insights into the use of marble as a decorative element in domestic contexts and the aesthetic characteristics that made it ideal for specific decorative schemes.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90443952,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90443952/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"BARKER_2022_1st_Page.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90443952/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90443952/BARKER_2022_1st_Page-libre.pdf?1661844346=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_aesthetics_in_two_sea_from_houses.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672008\u0026Signature=JWe7mb8KN4O6-pw0ITVc2S-QLe~EH6JVIDQhfu-t-j6PpVwxlDCMBqj33d62BVd1rb~XeudozrUA03a6Hr0G5eaDRiCJwVgXK8GqNWGRrJcgTrKO51q2loMCtC3ujKo~Ad3BacGI-e6m0GQQmeLHyf5Q5xQxkCr2nR75Ujp0uugrz641dSeiUfoH2YtW7xXI8tQgDVxq7Dpc24qf8~Fjc343jfg9A1kwheVxoWkU4UgU1nNDLHFmfUar7tXscBGbUEdqm5f8WQ1FcasXgx5UbhvcINnzeVgmWynT~npfA5AH2UoE2Clh6ttQ14ytYkL9Taf9OGjpE3FK~B7OuypPdg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":808,"name":"Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aesthetics"},{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-85870733-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42711251"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711251/Painted_Imitation_Marble_in_the_Context_of_the_Marble_Economy_in_the_Roman_period_examples_from_Pompeii_IT_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451104/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711251/Painted_Imitation_Marble_in_the_Context_of_the_Marble_Economy_in_the_Roman_period_examples_from_Pompeii_IT_">Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>M. Cisneros and E. Revilla (eds.) Proceedings of Colour, Luxury and Style in the Roman period. Precious and ornamental stones and their imitations</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and AD 79. The relationship of painted marble to the marble trade, however, has not been given the attention it deserves. The importance of this relationship is illustrated clearly, for example, at Pompeii from the fact that as the town gained greater access to imported stone during the Julio-Claudian period, the range of painted imitation stones depicted increased, with as best example the introduction of painted imitation Egyptian granites during the Fourth Style (AD 45–79). This strongly suggests that the use and choice of specific varieties of painted imitation marbles were in fact closely related to wider currents in the marble trade. <br /> <br />The examination of the different varieties of marble depicted in paint is presented in relation to an on-going survey of all 59 houses with real marble at Pompeii. Thus, painted imitation is explored in relation to the contemporary available market. Here we wish to stress the importance of local context and regional trends in marble use on painted imitation marble. Finally, the paper addresses the social dynamics and implications for the use of painted imitation marble. In particular, this focuses on what the depiction of marble varieties in paint can tell us about the choices behind the selection of marble types and the social prestige of marble during the Roman period.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1a001459538fb238e8e147bf8c6a43d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90451104,"asset_id":42711251,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451104/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711251"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711251"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711251; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711251]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711251]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711251; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711251']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d1a001459538fb238e8e147bf8c6a43d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711251]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711251,"title":"Painted Imitation Marble in the Context of the Marble Economy in the Roman period: examples from Pompeii (IT)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Painted imitation marble can be seen in 94 houses at Pompeii, all datable between c. 150 BC and AD 79. 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Aesthetics and Decorative Effects" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451027/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59119398/Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_during_the_First_Century_A_D_Aesthetics_and_Decorative_Effects">Marble Wall Revetment in Central Italy during the First Century A.D. Aesthetics and Decorative Effects</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Annette Haug, Adrian Hielscher and M. Taylor Lauritsen (eds.) Materiality in Roman Art and Architecture. Aesthetics, Semantics and Function</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was used in imperial residences in Rome as well as in private houses and villas. From the Late Republican period onwards in central Italy, as the taste for coloured marble in interior decoration grew, elite patrons began to exploit marble for wall revetment. By the end of the mid-1st century A.D., literary and archaeological evidence indicate that marble revetment had replaced wall painting as the most prestigious form of elite wall decoration. To examine this change, the paper focuses on two aspects of marble – its aesthetic dimensions and the specific decorative qualities it offered. To this end, the first part of the paper examines the ancient perception of marble as a material and the technical requirements for its use as revetment. In the second part, it examines revetment schemes in the Vesuvian area, initially by looking at the sizes of slabs, the marble types and their organisation within schemes, and then by looking precisely at the decorative effects of wall revetment in specific settings and in relation to other decorative features to understand how revetment helped create different room atmospheres.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f20d68217164b1da28a2863b66c30a4a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90451027,"asset_id":59119398,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451027/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59119398"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59119398"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59119398; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59119398]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59119398]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59119398; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59119398']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f20d68217164b1da28a2863b66c30a4a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59119398]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59119398,"title":"Marble Wall Revetment in Central Italy during the First Century A.D. Aesthetics and Decorative Effects","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1515/9783110764734-005 ","abstract":"Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was used in imperial residences in Rome as well as in private houses and villas. From the Late Republican period onwards in central Italy, as the taste for coloured marble in interior decoration grew, elite patrons began to exploit marble for wall revetment. By the end of the mid-1st century A.D., literary and archaeological evidence indicate that marble revetment had replaced wall painting as the most prestigious form of elite wall decoration. To examine this change, the paper focuses on two aspects of marble – its aesthetic dimensions and the specific decorative qualities it offered. To this end, the first part of the paper examines the ancient perception of marble as a material and the technical requirements for its use as revetment. In the second part, it examines revetment schemes in the Vesuvian area, initially by looking at the sizes of slabs, the marble types and their organisation within schemes, and then by looking precisely at the decorative effects of wall revetment in specific settings and in relation to other decorative features to understand how revetment helped create different room atmospheres.","more_info":"Berlin: Walter de Gruyter","page_numbers":"67 -94","publication_name":"Annette Haug, Adrian Hielscher and M. Taylor Lauritsen (eds.) Materiality in Roman Art and Architecture. Aesthetics, Semantics and Function"},"translated_abstract":"Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was used in imperial residences in Rome as well as in private houses and villas. From the Late Republican period onwards in central Italy, as the taste for coloured marble in interior decoration grew, elite patrons began to exploit marble for wall revetment. 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In the second part, it examines revetment schemes in the Vesuvian area, initially by looking at the sizes of slabs, the marble types and their organisation within schemes, and then by looking precisely at the decorative effects of wall revetment in specific settings and in relation to other decorative features to understand how revetment helped create different room atmospheres.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59119398/Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_during_the_First_Century_A_D_Aesthetics_and_Decorative_Effects","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-20T07:25:37.734-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90451027,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451027/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2021_Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451027/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90451027/Barker_2021_Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_-libre.pdf?1661857615=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=eO3FzuzBmbwhka9ZtkQKr256xsZbBOifLm4zYRvji9Ftn5CcmU47wDDHTSYRFmmE0Z1GsnBxyjq6Tw6~1ZWuvpzndF3FSRAxoCpmnv8dgQBdrllNN6npqhGmUl0-BDtlGSHoxogo4aY38rqZfGKgm-EYwS4kXP7SqXQvv7b5MHbxZpEABDwfU8xdOXjrbU~HuUkZPaPaoaKykTnwzA4wCAmfeXgsLlIM65kKjT0sned9dh8d1p4JWEErqxRniSymlbKQW6zzgY~-4y86duestE8pRnUQ7teRVeH7NJtIpp6p4dW4-~yLob9n~MNPLT0RgHo~XgwBlNFXFxJkwNcnEA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_during_the_First_Century_A_D_Aesthetics_and_Decorative_Effects","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Marble was a characteristic part of the decoration of Roman public and private buildings. It was used in imperial residences in Rome as well as in private houses and villas. From the Late Republican period onwards in central Italy, as the taste for coloured marble in interior decoration grew, elite patrons began to exploit marble for wall revetment. By the end of the mid-1st century A.D., literary and archaeological evidence indicate that marble revetment had replaced wall painting as the most prestigious form of elite wall decoration. To examine this change, the paper focuses on two aspects of marble – its aesthetic dimensions and the specific decorative qualities it offered. To this end, the first part of the paper examines the ancient perception of marble as a material and the technical requirements for its use as revetment. In the second part, it examines revetment schemes in the Vesuvian area, initially by looking at the sizes of slabs, the marble types and their organisation within schemes, and then by looking precisely at the decorative effects of wall revetment in specific settings and in relation to other decorative features to understand how revetment helped create different room atmospheres.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90451027,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90451027/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2021_Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90451027/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_d.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90451027/Barker_2021_Marble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_-libre.pdf?1661857615=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_Wall_Revetment_in_Central_Italy_d.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=eO3FzuzBmbwhka9ZtkQKr256xsZbBOifLm4zYRvji9Ftn5CcmU47wDDHTSYRFmmE0Z1GsnBxyjq6Tw6~1ZWuvpzndF3FSRAxoCpmnv8dgQBdrllNN6npqhGmUl0-BDtlGSHoxogo4aY38rqZfGKgm-EYwS4kXP7SqXQvv7b5MHbxZpEABDwfU8xdOXjrbU~HuUkZPaPaoaKykTnwzA4wCAmfeXgsLlIM65kKjT0sned9dh8d1p4JWEErqxRniSymlbKQW6zzgY~-4y86duestE8pRnUQ7teRVeH7NJtIpp6p4dW4-~yLob9n~MNPLT0RgHo~XgwBlNFXFxJkwNcnEA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":80598,"name":"Roman houses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_houses"},{"id":98823,"name":"Roman Architecture and Urbanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture_and_Urbanism"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-59119398-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48992164"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992164/Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90444284/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992164/Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction">Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sheffield.academia.edu/PennyCoombe">Penny Coombe</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Britannia</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088</a>) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="95318e752abc082d5827ac9704cf0817" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90444284,"asset_id":48992164,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992164"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992164"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992164; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992164]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992164; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992164']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "95318e752abc082d5827ac9704cf0817" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992164]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992164,"title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1017/S0068113X21000088","volume":"52","abstract":"The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.","ai_title_tag":"Logistics and Construction of Londinium's Landward Wall","page_numbers":"1-50","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Britannia"},"translated_abstract":"The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48992164/Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-05-20T02:41:54.739-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":36544373,"work_id":48992164,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":27761780,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***e@msn.com","affiliation":"The University of Sheffield","display_order":0,"name":"Penny Coombe","title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction"},{"id":36544374,"work_id":48992164,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":24193830,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***h@rdg.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Kevin Hayward","title":"Londinium’s Landward Wall: Material Acquisition, Supply and Construction"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90444284,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90444284/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90444284/Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material-libre.pdf?1661845778=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=OgMSR~AD0vgs2Rz4p2bVfdEztzYqPEmQ4nRjiUU9-5JCI1fgAwxs-vw8AaxFgA3KPH7f4q2DPCY9tmaBytFTTjCfjzV3VVPmWxro8T84aIk0LbZXXXhV98q8OW0I~vel6l-ejSRt956M2pxMPztWBey2WcqdyVtlRqO6PU8RESMhNNvcvxtSLdlbsv3v93iUG5GOrf2vWKNsCB-K3E9C9PEan39WHi~NFYPU2jHSnLD5~qvJBtOaXttDwXYP6ERHgxPgB3UhqjmP8UkrXWuCY6WwFd~Zaappk~QrOIhbpPa-VGdE4tegfPHS6pCzLgKTbLcXbpyUYRNj2dkVGj86QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acquisition_Supply_and_Construction","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The construction of a free-standing stone wall was a significant occasion in Londinium’s history, remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. Since the local geology in the London Basin does not offer suitable building stone, Londinium’s walls offer an exceptional example by which to examine the logistics of construction and the transportation of materials in the context of Romano-British building projects. We examine the sources of the materials used, their transport and the scale of labour and investment involved in the construction of the Landward Wall using an energetics-based methodology. Finally, we provide new insights into Londinium’s Landward Wall and the socio-economic and practical implications of its construction. Supplementary material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X21000088) and comprises technical data related to the architectural energetics.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90444284,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90444284/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90444284/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90444284/Barker_Hayward_Coombe_2021_Landward_Wall_Supplementary_Material-libre.pdf?1661845778=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondinium_s_Landward_Wall_Material_Acqui.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=OgMSR~AD0vgs2Rz4p2bVfdEztzYqPEmQ4nRjiUU9-5JCI1fgAwxs-vw8AaxFgA3KPH7f4q2DPCY9tmaBytFTTjCfjzV3VVPmWxro8T84aIk0LbZXXXhV98q8OW0I~vel6l-ejSRt956M2pxMPztWBey2WcqdyVtlRqO6PU8RESMhNNvcvxtSLdlbsv3v93iUG5GOrf2vWKNsCB-K3E9C9PEan39WHi~NFYPU2jHSnLD5~qvJBtOaXttDwXYP6ERHgxPgB3UhqjmP8UkrXWuCY6WwFd~Zaappk~QrOIhbpPa-VGdE4tegfPHS6pCzLgKTbLcXbpyUYRNj2dkVGj86QA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16759,"name":"Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Britain"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":99288,"name":"Late Roman and early Byzantine fortifications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_and_early_Byzantine_fortifications"},{"id":112909,"name":"Architectural Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_Energetics"},{"id":533819,"name":"Roman London","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_London"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48992164-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48992126"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992126/Remployer"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Remployer" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855736/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48992126/Remployer">Remployer</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>T. True (ed.), Veni, Vidi, Bâti! (exposition inaugurale, Musée Narbo Via, Narbonne, July 2021 – January 2022)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design of the past and a desire to build for the future with efficiency. Roman artefacts, building materials, and architectural spaces have always been adapted to suit new contexts, across all levels of society, throughout the Empire, for a variety of pragmatic, aesthetic, and symbolic reasons. Reuse was routine in pre-industrial economies that generated little surplus and could not afford waste. Present-day concerns over carbon <br />emissions and waste management have brought the question of reuse into sharp focus. This essay explores Roman proficiency at resource optimization and the innovative use of old materials, while considering the reverberations of this inherently Roman skill in society today.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44aafd3d5396046826c25f27255f01ca" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855736,"asset_id":48992126,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855736/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992126"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992126"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992126; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992126]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992126; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992126']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "44aafd3d5396046826c25f27255f01ca" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992126]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992126,"title":"Remployer","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Reuse is a timeless feature of human resourcefulness, which reflects appreciation for the design of the past and a desire to build for the future with efficiency. 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Ruppiene (ed.), Stone and Splendor: Interior decorations in late-antique palaces and villas. Proceedings of a workshop, Trier, 25-26 April 2019. Forschungen zu spätrömischen Residenzen 1</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested<br />through ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d7c54b64c4c6897f06490c6d5da03e0a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90447127,"asset_id":48992118,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90447127/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48992118"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48992118"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992118; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992118]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48992118]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48992118; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48992118']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d7c54b64c4c6897f06490c6d5da03e0a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48992118]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48992118,"title":"Recycling practices in the décor of Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces: a comparative study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested\nthrough ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.","more_info":"Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz","page_numbers":"221-246","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"V. Ruppiene (ed.), Stone and Splendor: Interior decorations in late-antique palaces and villas. Proceedings of a workshop, Trier, 25-26 April 2019. Forschungen zu spätrömischen Residenzen 1"},"translated_abstract":"Recycling in its various forms was a long-standing feature of the construction and decoration of Roman houses and villas. In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. 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In Late Antiquity, we see the increasing re-use or inclusion of earlier material/ sculptures within the collections of wealthy villa- and home-owners whose décor often included statuary of varying subjects, materials, sizes, and dates. Such pieces represent either heirlooms, that is, pieces inherited from an existing collection amassed over the course of the villa’s history, or second-hand pieces that were presumably purchased on the art market. At the opposite end of recycling practices, we find that all manner of material was recycled into the foundations, walls, and floors of late-antique houses and villas throughout the empire. Nonetheless, while the general trend of increased recycling across the empire is identifiable, regional and local differences remain to be fully determined. In light of the substantial work on late-antique villas in the western provinces, their sculptural collections, and their architectural decoration, it seems appropriate to bring this material together, find common trends, and identify international and regional characteristics in order to set recycling into its broader context. The present study will provide a brief comparison of how recycling trends varied in different regions of the empire by examining late-antique houses and villas from the western provinces. Particular attention will be paid to villas in Hispania and south-western Gaul as well as Gallia Belgica and Britanniae, that is the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal), south-west France, southwest Germany, and Britain. The paper addresses various aspects related to recycling in late-antique villa and house décor, including the use of heirloom and second-hand statuary, the sources of recycled material (for sculptural displays, architectural decoration, and general building material), and the recycling of tesserae in mosaic pavements. Overall, the comparison of regional differences across the western provinces presented in this paper demonstrates that recycling was a common feature of late-antique villas and houses that manifested\nthrough ‘local’ histories of recycling, strongly dependent on earlier local traditions.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":90447127,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90447127/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90447127/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90447127/Barker_2021_Recycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_late_antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces_-libre.pdf?1661853397=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRecycling_practices_in_the_decor_of_Late.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=DULD7iOw6Ji9ygE6C3tB8bVUnCBq3ugbayBFgjQi~McPQGVcQC9WhZmbxglXTcKhgs69xn9npk85DjZ8eGf8h0wxBeIQysH2CHm0ueMhMZuW5odQ2jkrDu1IZmQspuJcPwpzUSRawFBk66qh3ymhOWK1oDdCSYjxLcNg5lAICzRk87eHuJLtekB4KWYK5o9VMrDMpMTrLOFY0GvkIHcYbnQS5-nLEDegsCQvvqS-dxBkVQd5UkXdT0BgTAPmKPF0RSzpBHaq-M4R6RWEi385My5YjDLQEUqqq4pJmgf6Gcm~RFiySfJOz~pEPfEum~9DE~7CQhV8J7Int29Aj45nBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology"},{"id":26304,"name":"Late Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":48990,"name":"Late roman villas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_roman_villas"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":167664,"name":"Arqueología romana / Roman archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arqueologia_romana_Roman_archeology"},{"id":469738,"name":"Greek and Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Sculpture"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48992118-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="48981894"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs">Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>M. Heinzelmann and C. Recko (eds.), Quantifying Ancient Building Economy: Panel 3.24 (Archaeology and Economy in the Ancient World – Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Cologne/Bonn 2018, Band 23)</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to bette...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9f6360294d6165ed6a9c70ca4c9eb3d0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":67784018,"asset_id":48981894,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="48981894"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48981894"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48981894; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48981894]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48981894]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48981894; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='48981894']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9f6360294d6165ed6a9c70ca4c9eb3d0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=48981894]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":48981894,"title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.11588/propylaeum.634","abstract":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","more_info":"Heidelberg: Propylaeum","page_numbers":"1-4","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"M. Heinzelmann and C. Recko (eds.), Quantifying Ancient Building Economy: Panel 3.24 (Archaeology and Economy in the Ancient World – Proceedings of the 19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology, Cologne/Bonn 2018, Band 23)"},"translated_abstract":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/48981894/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-05-19T05:04:24.390-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":36542480,"work_id":48981894,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":2793534,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"b***4@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Edinburgh","display_order":0,"name":"Ben Russell","title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67784018,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"634_30_89748_1_10_20200723.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/67784018/634_30_89748_1_10_20200723-libre.pdf?1624866907=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHistorical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=aX0RwV5wzBRl3f-fDxaczoqkwu8zQH~Ld~hVfcSJYDt~~qNYKQGN9Ny6puPadVUU-ylq0nVOagpjam5fCC7EZ0Qs6JhTzMElW7us8gkUR2MXfPp4ZORjt3wMJ4mSZTyAZUkh7-2kyCPg5KE25FSpaSPCqsmUvndkA2TTavIdUVf7-Mj4IMn3x89DN311odJyqFWrw0BR4tpzsBHMn4oXnCocIHWjxToB8gF3rG4l3wEUSsdGDR3nzm13AjSOLKikSnaq2BQmIOr2geMsjGyduto9R8sO33CCuBWuFZ2-~nUbYQmIix97hylz9TRIxO7Z1vre3nTD7qEqGkQTKq1gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Overall, this paper explores how 19th-century building manuals have been and can be used to better understand the economic implications of ancient construction. This paper, while reaffirming the usefulness of such sources, and consequently, the usefulness of this approach for the quantification of the economics of Roman construction, has also demonstrated some of the failings of these sources. Misinterpretation can lead to erroneous conclusions about the labour and, consequently the costs involved in the production of architectural ornamentation. These manuals, therefore, should be used with caution and alongside other forms of evidence. That being said, 19th-century building manuals in general, and Pegoretti’s manual in particular, are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":67784018,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/67784018/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"634_30_89748_1_10_20200723.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67784018/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/67784018/634_30_89748_1_10_20200723-libre.pdf?1624866907=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHistorical_sources_labour_figures_and_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=aX0RwV5wzBRl3f-fDxaczoqkwu8zQH~Ld~hVfcSJYDt~~qNYKQGN9Ny6puPadVUU-ylq0nVOagpjam5fCC7EZ0Qs6JhTzMElW7us8gkUR2MXfPp4ZORjt3wMJ4mSZTyAZUkh7-2kyCPg5KE25FSpaSPCqsmUvndkA2TTavIdUVf7-Mj4IMn3x89DN311odJyqFWrw0BR4tpzsBHMn4oXnCocIHWjxToB8gF3rG4l3wEUSsdGDR3nzm13AjSOLKikSnaq2BQmIOr2geMsjGyduto9R8sO33CCuBWuFZ2-~nUbYQmIix97hylz9TRIxO7Z1vre3nTD7qEqGkQTKq1gcg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":111315,"name":"Stoneworking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stoneworking"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":10208104,"url":"https://doi.org/10.11588/propylaeum.634"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-48981894-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40233433"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40233433/Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855948/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40233433/Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction">London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sheffield.academia.edu/PennyCoombe">Penny Coombe</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>C. Courault and C. Márquez Moreno (eds.) Quantitative Studies and Production Cost of Roman Public Construction</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s histo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. For a Romano-British context, it is remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. As such, London’s Roman city walls offer an exceptional example in the Roman province of Britannia to examine an important aspect with regard to the logistics of construction: the transportation of building materials. In this paper, we will examine the sources of the materials used and the scale of their transport. This will provide new insights into London’s Roman city walls and the economic and practical implications of sourcing material for its construction.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="246d27b9829c2c2feb5caadff8d686fa" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104855948,"asset_id":40233433,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855948/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40233433"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40233433"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40233433; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40233433]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40233433]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40233433; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40233433']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "246d27b9829c2c2feb5caadff8d686fa" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40233433]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40233433,"title":"London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. For a Romano-British context, it is remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. As such, London’s Roman city walls offer an exceptional example in the Roman province of Britannia to examine an important aspect with regard to the logistics of construction: the transportation of building materials. In this paper, we will examine the sources of the materials used and the scale of their transport. This will provide new insights into London’s Roman city walls and the economic and practical implications of sourcing material for its construction. ","more_info":"Córdoba: UCO Press, Editorial Universidad de Córdoba","ai_title_tag":"Transport and Construction of London's Roman Walls","page_numbers":"406-437","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"C. Courault and C. Márquez Moreno (eds.) Quantitative Studies and Production Cost of Roman Public Construction"},"translated_abstract":"The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. For a Romano-British context, it is remarkable for the quantity of masonry used and for the continuing additions to the defences over at least three identifiable phases. As such, London’s Roman city walls offer an exceptional example in the Roman province of Britannia to examine an important aspect with regard to the logistics of construction: the transportation of building materials. In this paper, we will examine the sources of the materials used and the scale of their transport. This will provide new insights into London’s Roman city walls and the economic and practical implications of sourcing material for its construction. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40233433/Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-09-02T07:01:15.715-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":32966654,"work_id":40233433,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":27761780,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***e@msn.com","affiliation":"The University of Sheffield","display_order":0,"name":"Penny Coombe","title":"London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction"},{"id":32966655,"work_id":40233433,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":24193830,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***h@rdg.ac.uk","display_order":4194304,"name":"Kevin Hayward","title":"London's Roman defensive walls – logistics of transport and construction"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":104855948,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855948/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Quantitative_studies_and_Production_cost.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855948/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104855948/Quantitative_studies_and_Production_cost-libre.pdf?1691511448=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=YltbZWm1soGi0SAQNtNxZzJMMN0uE7vbiJHndihnba98D3CMoTNHm4hEMvMUMxIK6XBJqxbfsZRzEkYkpuEdc5JHP04ozJdC0c036JUJ3cxKOytm9f5GUzJVD77OJHcL0QgxEuUfFzZEarOJ8oTOjWmNRMIg0AymykKxW-xSo0G12iteWgZGPTZmNTx-2YZONiO2avDmItwLrFtHq~z7s5AHobEuVHX-eHv~F5Vb3nPK-J8l69JQjzJBPbizPgLL2a0ikmozAqAt~cX6iETTEoBpougU9ysSpcxvq~teuNe3GmsPKPb4CaEXPCbI~Cq74eoW1uGWR0QlP9NIYYdUDg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics_of_transport_and_construction","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The construction of the Roman city walls of London was a significant occasion in the city’s history. 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","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":104855948,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104855948/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Quantitative_studies_and_Production_cost.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104855948/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Londons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/104855948/Quantitative_studies_and_Production_cost-libre.pdf?1691511448=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLondons_Roman_defensive_walls_logistics.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=YltbZWm1soGi0SAQNtNxZzJMMN0uE7vbiJHndihnba98D3CMoTNHm4hEMvMUMxIK6XBJqxbfsZRzEkYkpuEdc5JHP04ozJdC0c036JUJ3cxKOytm9f5GUzJVD77OJHcL0QgxEuUfFzZEarOJ8oTOjWmNRMIg0AymykKxW-xSo0G12iteWgZGPTZmNTx-2YZONiO2avDmItwLrFtHq~z7s5AHobEuVHX-eHv~F5Vb3nPK-J8l69JQjzJBPbizPgLL2a0ikmozAqAt~cX6iETTEoBpougU9ysSpcxvq~teuNe3GmsPKPb4CaEXPCbI~Cq74eoW1uGWR0QlP9NIYYdUDg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":16759,"name":"Roman Britain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Britain"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":570494,"name":"Ancient transportation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_transportation"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":767006,"name":"Ancient City Walls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_City_Walls"},{"id":1167305,"name":"Roman Construction Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Construction_Techniques"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-40233433-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="42711199"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711199/Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_An_Economic_Perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Reuse of Statuary and the Recycling Habit of Late Antiquity: An Economic Perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104885847/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/42711199/Reuse_of_Statuary_and_the_Recycling_Habit_of_Late_Antiquity_An_Economic_Perspective">Reuse of Statuary and the Recycling Habit of Late Antiquity: An Economic Perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>A. Wilson and C. Duckworth (eds.) Recycling and the Ancient Economy. Oxford Studies on the Roman Economy</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and sculptural economies of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized this practice during this period. It addresses various approaches to the economic importance of and rationale behind the reuse and recycling of statuary and other sculpted material in Late Antiquity. The basic economic premise that materials were reused and recycled because they were available more economically than new materials seems clear, but care should be taken not to reduce reuse-recycling solely to economics. Reuse-recycling was also a cultural choice rather than a purely pragmatic practice, and one that expressed a late antique mentality. Sculpted stone was a recognizable commodity in the ancient world and its recycling and reuse have both social and economic implications for the artistic and ideological changes that defined the recycling habit of late antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-42711199-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-42711199-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/6394380/figure-1-reuse-of-statuary-and-the-recycling-habit-of-late"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104885847/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/6394402/figure-2-reuse-of-statuary-and-the-recycling-habit-of-late"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104885847/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-42711199-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b0e8fa86b4df6f60adcbd5fbff184da9" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104885847,"asset_id":42711199,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104885847/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711199"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711199"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711199; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711199]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711199]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711199; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711199']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b0e8fa86b4df6f60adcbd5fbff184da9" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711199]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711199,"title":"Reuse of Statuary and the Recycling Habit of Late Antiquity: An Economic Perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This chapter examines questions about the role of statue reuse, and recycling in the building and sculptural economies of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized this practice during this period. 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Anguissola, M. Ladanza, and R. Olivito (eds.) Paesaggi domestici. L’esperienza della natura nelle case e nelle ville romane – Pompei, Ercolano e l’area vesuviano</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This w...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. This was expressed not only in the size of houses but also by their elaborate décor. From the Late Republican period onwards, lithic decoration developed as a powerful visual means of reflecting the social status of the house owner. Pompeii, Herculaneum and the villas preserved in the eruption of AD 79 testify to the demand for and use of marble. These sites have numerous well-preserved pavements from the first century BC to the first century AD with marble from all over the Mediterranean and Egypt’s Eastern Desert. <br /> <br />Architectural décor served a distinct social function but it also acted as an organising and structuring element within a building. This paper will examine marble insert pavements, i.e. mosaic or cement pavements decorated with inserts of irregular or geometrically shaped pieces of marble (often labelled opus scutulatum) at Villa A (Oplontis) and from other Vesuvian sites (Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae). The positions of specific varieties of stone within individual pavements will be examined to determine how marble was used as an organising element in the visual articulation of the room, and if stone placement was designed to suit the function of the spaces they decorated. In porticoes, rare or higher status marbles were often positioned to maximize their visibility by viewers entering and exiting rooms (as seen in Portico 60 at Villa A). In triclinia (dining rooms), the placement of rare or prestigious stones seems to be confined to the central areas of the floor so as to be most visible to dining guests (as seen in Room 3 of Villa Arianna). Overall this paper will argue that the placement of marble was part of a visual language that further helped articulate spatial organisation within the Roman house.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c28b2d7688d2b35817ef48bdfc91a80b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104856318,"asset_id":42711109,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104856318/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711109"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711109"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711109; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711109]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711109]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711109; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711109']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c28b2d7688d2b35817ef48bdfc91a80b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711109]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711109,"title":"Marble pavements, paths and views: preliminary thoughts on several case studies from the Bay of Naples","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Roman houses provided an environment for elite individuals to showcase power and prestige. 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Intagliata</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>E. E. Intagliata, C. Courault, and S. Barker (eds) City Walls in Late Antiquity</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP re...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2020932445</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="07251668c53bd4c637a161d5378931c8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62925143,"asset_id":42711071,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62925143/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42711071"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42711071"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711071; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711071]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42711071]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42711071; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42711071']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "07251668c53bd4c637a161d5378931c8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42711071]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42711071,"title":"Approaching late antique city walls with an empire wide perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"more_info":"Oxford \u0026 Philadelphia: Oxbow Books","page_numbers":"1-10","grobid_abstract":"Hardback Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-364-1 Digital Edition: ISBN 978-1-78925-36 5-8 (epub) A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2020932445","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"E. 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Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-42711071-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="40510109"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/40510109/Marble_Networks_Social_Interaction_in_Houses_at_Pompeii"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Marble Networks: Social Interaction in Houses at Pompeii" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62924572/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/40510109/Marble_Networks_Social_Interaction_in_Houses_at_Pompeii">Marble Networks: Social Interaction in Houses at Pompeii</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://icac.academia.edu/SimonaPerna">Simona Perna</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CourtneyAWard">Courtney A. Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>L. D. donnellan (ed.) Archaeological networks and social interaction. Towards an application of network analysis and networkconcepts in social archaeology</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper explores the link between marble use in Roman domestic contexts and social ties throug...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper explores the link between marble use in Roman domestic contexts and social ties through Social Network Analysis. The use of imported marble as a decorative material is almost synonymous with élite status display in the Roman world. The importance of marble decoration in Roman domestic contexts is evident from the display of both real and painted imitation marble at sites around the Bay of Naples like Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplontis and Stabiae. Here, well-preserved pavements from the first century BC to the first century AD feature marbles from all over the Mediterranean and Egypt’s Eastern Desert. Marble is a visual object –visibility is a central feature of its social significance, thus a key element in aiding its spread via social interaction. As such, this paper seeks to understand to what extent and in what ways social relations impacted the spread of domestic marble decoration in the Roman town of Pompeii.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-40510109-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-40510109-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11581867/figure-1-marble-networks-social-interaction-in-houses-at"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/62924572/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11581873/figure-2-marble-networks-social-interaction-in-houses-at"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/62924572/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-40510109-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="103bb4c1e8cdb9f99f245b601e8203ec" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":62924572,"asset_id":40510109,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62924572/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="40510109"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40510109"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40510109; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40510109]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40510109]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40510109; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='40510109']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "103bb4c1e8cdb9f99f245b601e8203ec" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=40510109]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":40510109,"title":"Marble Networks: Social Interaction in Houses at Pompeii","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper explores the link between marble use in Roman domestic contexts and social ties through Social Network Analysis. 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As such, this paper seeks to understand to what extent and in what ways social relations impacted the spread of domestic marble decoration in the Roman town of Pompeii.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":62924572,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/62924572/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"networks_cover.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62924572/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Marble_Networks_Social_Interaction_in_Ho.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/62924572/networks_cover-libre.pdf?1586689885=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMarble_Networks_Social_Interaction_in_Ho.pdf\u0026Expires=1743642559\u0026Signature=fBblRBPsYWSxKZOMIqjvcAAUgJLXqXvZL9Zx3WA7Rc5XSb0lsrFWvaYL9nD2gFMI0sMcGYJrCDbNnSRAvfwfdABizqYx7CXy3u1Z2CibD8Tzteeu1IjzDgwVj8zNV5nLkjhjV9GUKh0maxkt46FMxWasRa5ZCo56q6tBG17G7OgyyGnzqESWuwDWh3OGb8fxss0jbEaMQKFMXJu8TNl4heffRh6GXut7vlrRKGQv6kO-tjWiNQy1xdOET5Feuu8ehZzJltQ3fGZ8Xa8Olm~nCApjSQROGszBpt-grQst~MtIquCuQsaHw26ow1JVaRN3aolt4V6oXjxHlkcG1oTv0g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5346,"name":"Archaeological Method \u0026 Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory"},{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":12796,"name":"Theoretical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Archaeology"},{"id":13739,"name":"Social Network Analysis (SNA)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Network_Analysis_SNA_"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":80598,"name":"Roman houses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_houses"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":167664,"name":"Arqueología romana / Roman archeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arqueologia_romana_Roman_archeology"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":846115,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology), Ville Vesuviane, Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_Ville_Vesuviane_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-40510109-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="28100400"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/28100400/Chapter_18_Lithic_Decoration_Sources_Styles_Repairs_and_Spoliation"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chapter 18: Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs and Spoliation" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60686429/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/28100400/Chapter_18_Lithic_Decoration_Sources_Styles_Repairs_and_Spoliation">Chapter 18: Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs and Spoliation</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>J. R. Clarke and N. K. Muntasser (eds.) Oplontis: Villa A ("of Poppaea") At Torre Annunziata, Italy. Volume 2. The Decorations: Painting, Stucco, Pavements, Sculptures</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In chapter 18, “Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs, and Spoliation,” Barker and Fant pre...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In chapter 18, “Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs, and Spoliation,” Barker and Fant present the results of four seasons of archaeological survey aimed at reconstructing the lithic decoration schemes and their changes through the Villa’s history, and to document its demolition and stripping in its last phase. Despite the systematic stripping of marble elements at the Villa, the imprints of marble tiles and sometimes even small in situ fragments can be identified, enabling the reconstruction of the sectilia pavimenta and marble wall revetment (incrustationes) of the east wing. The sequence of owners of Villa A from 50 B.C. to A.D. 79 made significant investments in marble decoration: from alabaster thresholds in the earliest period to the later use of monolithic columns, polychrome marbles for sectilia pavimenta, and wall revetment—not to mention the many marble sculptures. The authors’ examination of the spoliation of the Villa adds significant evidence to the study of salvaging and reuse in the Roman period.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9be2b1efd009f52735e3d36f6b4bee88" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60686429,"asset_id":28100400,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60686429/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="28100400"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28100400"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28100400; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28100400]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28100400]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28100400; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='28100400']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9be2b1efd009f52735e3d36f6b4bee88" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=28100400]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":28100400,"title":"Chapter 18: Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs and Spoliation","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"2","abstract":"In chapter 18, “Lithic Decoration: Sources, Styles, Repairs, and Spoliation,” Barker and Fant present the results of four seasons of archaeological survey aimed at reconstructing the lithic decoration schemes and their changes through the Villa’s history, and to document its demolition and stripping in its last phase. Despite the systematic stripping of marble elements at the Villa, the imprints of marble tiles and sometimes even small in situ fragments can be identified, enabling the reconstruction of the sectilia pavimenta and marble wall revetment (incrustationes) of the east wing. The sequence of owners of Villa A from 50 B.C. to A.D. 79 made significant investments in marble decoration: from alabaster thresholds in the earliest period to the later use of monolithic columns, polychrome marbles for sectilia pavimenta, and wall revetment—not to mention the many marble sculptures. The authors’ examination of the spoliation of the Villa adds significant evidence to the study of salvaging and reuse in the Roman period.","more_info":" New York: American Council of Learned Societies","publisher":"American Council of Learned Societies (New York)","page_numbers":"1052-1189","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"J. R. Clarke and N. K. Muntasser (eds.) 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Despite the systematic stripping of marble elements at the Villa, the imprints of marble tiles and sometimes even small in situ fragments can be identified, enabling the reconstruction of the sectilia pavimenta and marble wall revetment (incrustationes) of the east wing. The sequence of owners of Villa A from 50 B.C. to A.D. 79 made significant investments in marble decoration: from alabaster thresholds in the earliest period to the later use of monolithic columns, polychrome marbles for sectilia pavimenta, and wall revetment—not to mention the many marble sculptures. 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Clayton Fant</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>J. R. Clarke and N. K. Muntasser (eds.) Oplontis: Villa A ("of Poppaea") At Torre Annunziata, Italy. Volume 2. The Decorations: Painting, Stucco, Pavements, Sculptures</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Simon Barker and J. Clayton Fant build their report on the provenance of black and white marbles ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Simon Barker and J. Clayton Fant build their report on the provenance of black and white marbles from Villa A on archaeometric analysis of samples collected in 2010. Their work in this and the following chapter builds upon the petrographic, spectroscopic (EPR), and isotopic analysis carried out by Donato Attanasio in order to determine the quarry identification of many of the white marbles used in Villa A. In contrast to the many iconographical studies of sculpture collections in Campania and at Rome, provenance analyses are few. Fant and Barker address questions of workmanship, place of execution, and trade, focusing their investigations on the precise data collected from Villa A. They find that the variety of marbles fit within the parameters of the region, with Luna marble from Carrara being the mainstay for architecture. For sculpture, because of the smaller volumes needed, sculptors were able to work with a wide variety of marbles from the eastern Mediterranean. The mix of white marbles used in the sculptures of Villa A is largely the same as at Rome, Puteoli, Cosa, and Rusellae. Like Moormann, Fant and Barker note that the sculptural taste of the owner was eclectic and that a significant portion of the production was local.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a80ce71dc9189669b64e46a76b35a98a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60686448,"asset_id":29848205,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60686448/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="29848205"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29848205"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29848205; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29848205]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29848205]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29848205; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='29848205']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a80ce71dc9189669b64e46a76b35a98a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=29848205]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":29848205,"title":"Chapter 17: Stone sources and types: report on provenance analyses for the lithic elements from Villa A, Oplontis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"volume":"2","abstract":"Simon Barker and J. Clayton Fant build their report on the provenance of black and white marbles from Villa A on archaeometric analysis of samples collected in 2010. Their work in this and the following chapter builds upon the petrographic, spectroscopic (EPR), and isotopic analysis carried out by Donato Attanasio in order to determine the quarry identification of many of the white marbles used in Villa A. In contrast to the many iconographical studies of sculpture collections in Campania and at Rome, provenance analyses are few. Fant and Barker address questions of workmanship, place of execution, and trade, focusing their investigations on the precise data collected from Villa A. They find that the variety of marbles fit within the parameters of the region, with Luna marble from Carrara being the mainstay for architecture. For sculpture, because of the smaller volumes needed, sculptors were able to work with a wide variety of marbles from the eastern Mediterranean. The mix of white marbles used in the sculptures of Villa A is largely the same as at Rome, Puteoli, Cosa, and Rusellae. Like Moormann, Fant and Barker note that the sculptural taste of the owner was eclectic and that a significant portion of the production was local.","more_info":"New York: American Council of Learned Societies","publisher":"American Council of Learned Societies (New York)","ai_title_tag":"Provenance Analysis of Marbles at Villa A","page_numbers":"959-1051","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"J. R. Clarke and N. K. Muntasser (eds.) Oplontis: Villa A (\"of Poppaea\") At Torre Annunziata, Italy. Volume 2. The Decorations: Painting, Stucco, Pavements, Sculptures"},"translated_abstract":"Simon Barker and J. Clayton Fant build their report on the provenance of black and white marbles from Villa A on archaeometric analysis of samples collected in 2010. 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Like Moormann, Fant and Barker note that the sculptural taste of the owner was eclectic and that a significant portion of the production was local.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29848205/Chapter_17_Stone_sources_and_types_report_on_provenance_analyses_for_the_lithic_elements_from_Villa_A_Oplontis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-11-15T04:05:04.926-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":25895074,"work_id":29848205,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":10632391,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@uakron.edu","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":0,"name":"J. 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Clayton Fant build their report on the provenance of black and white marbles from Villa A on archaeometric analysis of samples collected in 2010. Their work in this and the following chapter builds upon the petrographic, spectroscopic (EPR), and isotopic analysis carried out by Donato Attanasio in order to determine the quarry identification of many of the white marbles used in Villa A. In contrast to the many iconographical studies of sculpture collections in Campania and at Rome, provenance analyses are few. Fant and Barker address questions of workmanship, place of execution, and trade, focusing their investigations on the precise data collected from Villa A. They find that the variety of marbles fit within the parameters of the region, with Luna marble from Carrara being the mainstay for architecture. For sculpture, because of the smaller volumes needed, sculptors were able to work with a wide variety of marbles from the eastern Mediterranean. The mix of white marbles used in the sculptures of Villa A is largely the same as at Rome, Puteoli, Cosa, and Rusellae. Like Moormann, Fant and Barker note that the sculptural taste of the owner was eclectic and that a significant portion of the production was local.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":60686448,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60686448/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Oplontis_Cover.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60686448/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Chapter_17_Stone_sources_and_types_repor.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60686448/Oplontis_Cover-libre.pdf?1569314995=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DChapter_17_Stone_sources_and_types_repor.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=d35l676E3BxjTwY5ETNLsSsWkP0h4glLSTu5Myp7hbrrldMRbdoZ-TQnG4NH8DxME7ELRyhXTv-u6AA2Pew0lswdBUp9S2Fbn8RGIUGXmfdeNTtgNuuLXhhvZTHlycDjDU4ubqvqLSbhFgZwA~r7KHfhZeTOSWlpyIPu0WfZTKL~NAJPWsbmEXmJqKjGvtMsCrwiSskWr-QgjHUjpV-Cl9ljtKHxNdSF3aDtmFIRDFM-Ef4wU0nVSK0ZaXjxtmV~89Ahi50PzS6r0yxqguO6L2p~jARi-67ejGUl34DjyfeBPanLf1K43vhFBjY6Z9hBB~1WUoKZIcY7exEgq6dCvg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae"},{"id":33438,"name":"Ancient Greek and Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_and_Roman_Art"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art"},{"id":469738,"name":"Greek and Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":8856313,"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/fulcrum.tb09j7416"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-29848205-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="19219619" id="forthcoming"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="114643146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/114643146/Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics_Workforces_and_Operational_Costs_their_Implications_for_Antiquity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces, and Operational Costs – their Implications for Antiquity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces, and Operational Costs – their Implications for Antiquity</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Ædificare. Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction</span><span>, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 1...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. In all cases, we draw on datasets referring to tools and extraction methods comparable to those used in Antiquity. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Focusing on the evidence provided by the ostraca from Mons Claudianus in Egypt’s Eastern Desert, we consider how this data compares to historical data from quarries of marble and other stones, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. The range of workers listed calls attention to the fact that the “cost” of quarrying extends beyond just labour totals, material requirements, and transport. A key additional cost is tools: their one-off cost and their annual cost for maintenance and sharpening. No quarry (or stoneworker) could do without a blacksmith. The entire quarrying operation relied on tools that were made and sharpened at the quarries themselves; without this continual production of tools, extraction would have stalled.<br /><br />Any assessment of the total cost of quarrying—as opposed to just the labour requirements or timescale—therefore needs to take account of quarry work-teams and the range of expenses that existed beyond the labour totals, material requirements, and transport costs that form the backbone of most studies that use architectural energetics to consider quarry labour and costs. Our focus here is on quarry work-teams, especially with regard to the ratio of stoneworker to metalworkers, and the incidental costs associated with tools, their purchase, and their maintenance. Moreover, we provide some suggestions for how these data might be applied to studies of ancient quarrying that use architectural energetics. <br /><br />Overall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and operational costs in connection to tools. The aim is to consider some of the parameters that were vital to the successful running of stone projects in Antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="114643146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="114643146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114643146; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114643146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114643146]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114643146; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='114643146']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=114643146]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":114643146,"title":"Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces, and Operational Costs – their Implications for Antiquity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. In all cases, we draw on datasets referring to tools and extraction methods comparable to those used in Antiquity. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Focusing on the evidence provided by the ostraca from Mons Claudianus in Egypt’s Eastern Desert, we consider how this data compares to historical data from quarries of marble and other stones, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. The range of workers listed calls attention to the fact that the “cost” of quarrying extends beyond just labour totals, material requirements, and transport. A key additional cost is tools: their one-off cost and their annual cost for maintenance and sharpening. No quarry (or stoneworker) could do without a blacksmith. The entire quarrying operation relied on tools that were made and sharpened at the quarries themselves; without this continual production of tools, extraction would have stalled.\n\nAny assessment of the total cost of quarrying—as opposed to just the labour requirements or timescale—therefore needs to take account of quarry work-teams and the range of expenses that existed beyond the labour totals, material requirements, and transport costs that form the backbone of most studies that use architectural energetics to consider quarry labour and costs. Our focus here is on quarry work-teams, especially with regard to the ratio of stoneworker to metalworkers, and the incidental costs associated with tools, their purchase, and their maintenance. Moreover, we provide some suggestions for how these data might be applied to studies of ancient quarrying that use architectural energetics. \n\nOverall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and operational costs in connection to tools. The aim is to consider some of the parameters that were vital to the successful running of stone projects in Antiquity. ","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2024,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Ædificare. Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction"},"translated_abstract":"This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. In all cases, we draw on datasets referring to tools and extraction methods comparable to those used in Antiquity. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Focusing on the evidence provided by the ostraca from Mons Claudianus in Egypt’s Eastern Desert, we consider how this data compares to historical data from quarries of marble and other stones, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. The range of workers listed calls attention to the fact that the “cost” of quarrying extends beyond just labour totals, material requirements, and transport. A key additional cost is tools: their one-off cost and their annual cost for maintenance and sharpening. No quarry (or stoneworker) could do without a blacksmith. The entire quarrying operation relied on tools that were made and sharpened at the quarries themselves; without this continual production of tools, extraction would have stalled.\n\nAny assessment of the total cost of quarrying—as opposed to just the labour requirements or timescale—therefore needs to take account of quarry work-teams and the range of expenses that existed beyond the labour totals, material requirements, and transport costs that form the backbone of most studies that use architectural energetics to consider quarry labour and costs. Our focus here is on quarry work-teams, especially with regard to the ratio of stoneworker to metalworkers, and the incidental costs associated with tools, their purchase, and their maintenance. Moreover, we provide some suggestions for how these data might be applied to studies of ancient quarrying that use architectural energetics. \n\nOverall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and operational costs in connection to tools. The aim is to consider some of the parameters that were vital to the successful running of stone projects in Antiquity. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114643146/Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics_Workforces_and_Operational_Costs_their_Implications_for_Antiquity","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-02-08T07:16:36.088-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics_Workforces_and_Operational_Costs_their_Implications_for_Antiquity","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"This article focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (principally the 16th – 19th centuries) reveal about quarry logistics, workforces, and operational costs at stone quarries. In all cases, we draw on datasets referring to tools and extraction methods comparable to those used in Antiquity. The implications of these data are then examined in relation to our understanding of Roman quarries. Focusing on the evidence provided by the ostraca from Mons Claudianus in Egypt’s Eastern Desert, we consider how this data compares to historical data from quarries of marble and other stones, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. The range of workers listed calls attention to the fact that the “cost” of quarrying extends beyond just labour totals, material requirements, and transport. A key additional cost is tools: their one-off cost and their annual cost for maintenance and sharpening. No quarry (or stoneworker) could do without a blacksmith. The entire quarrying operation relied on tools that were made and sharpened at the quarries themselves; without this continual production of tools, extraction would have stalled.\n\nAny assessment of the total cost of quarrying—as opposed to just the labour requirements or timescale—therefore needs to take account of quarry work-teams and the range of expenses that existed beyond the labour totals, material requirements, and transport costs that form the backbone of most studies that use architectural energetics to consider quarry labour and costs. Our focus here is on quarry work-teams, especially with regard to the ratio of stoneworker to metalworkers, and the incidental costs associated with tools, their purchase, and their maintenance. 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","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":33377,"name":"Roman Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Egypt"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":164414,"name":"Roman Marble Quarries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_Quarries"},{"id":287302,"name":"Vías Romanas. Ingeniería y técnica constructiva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/V%C3%ADas_Romanas._Ingenier%C3%ADa_y_t%C3%A9cnica_constructiva"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-114643146-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="8450738" id="conferencesandsessionsorganised"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39504292"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39504292/Oxford_Congress_2020_From_project_to_monument"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Oxford Congress 2020 From project to monument" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59652586/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39504292/Oxford_Congress_2020_From_project_to_monument">Oxford Congress 2020 From project to monument</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leiza.academia.edu/DominikMaschek">Dominik Maschek</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the last three decades, there has been a growth of scholarship investigating the organisatio...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the last three decades, there has been a growth of scholarship investigating the organisational aspects and economy of urban construction projects in the Antiquity. In light of these studies, we now have a much greater understanding of the processes involved in creating ancient buildings, and as such we are now better placed to understand public and private structures in their proper social and economic contexts. An important aspect of this research has been a deeper understanding of the cost of ancient construction, primarily examined by calculating the intrinsic cost of the work required to create ancient structures through the use of labour figures found in nineteenth-century architectural handbooks. The methodology and validity of such an approach was originally established by Janet DeLaine in her study of the Baths of Caracalla in Rome (1997), which highlighted the logistical and economic impact of a large-scale imperially-funded building project in ancient Rome. Although it is now over 20 years since DeLaine's study, the approach she developed has perhaps not been applied as widely as possible to a representative range of different kinds of buildings and consequently further case studies are needed. Moreover, as studies have proliferated we now need to reflect and define methodological approaches to produce more accurate and/or reliable labour estimates, and to determine how the resultant data can be best used or expressed. Moreover, we are now capable of identifying more data related to the cost of ancient construction thanks to detailed studies on the various components of ancient construction, from logistics and organisation (both at the quarry and on-site) to building materials (stone, marble, bricks, wood, etc.), and the social implications of the construction industry (labour-status or workers, etc.). It is therefore the goal of this conference to reflect on these themes in order to explore past and new approaches to the cost of ancient construction. The two-day conference will be based around the following topics: 1. Sources for determining ancient costs: what kind of sources do we have to reconstruct and assess ancient building costs (papyrology, literature, epigraphy, architectural manuals, and experimental archaeology), and how should we interpret and use this information? 2. Quarries and their administration: How do different forms of quarry administration (imperial-ownership, public, or private) affect the cost of construction? 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Topics under consideration will include, the re-use of late-antique statues within the period of Late Antiquity, recarving of private portraits (especially female portraits, which have often been neglected), the evolution of recycling practices over the course of the 3rd century AD to examine the beginnings of ‘late-antique’ recycling developments, the treatment of spolia in city walls, recycling practices on a city-wide level, and a consideration of how spolia-monuments should be defined and characterized. By exploring such issues, scholars will explore important themes with regard to late-antique recycling practices and spolia-use that have been thus far under represented in recent studies. </span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="40218efdfe954c43e2a4888df252458f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60484380,"asset_id":39516855,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60484380/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39516855"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39516855"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39516855; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39516855]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39516855]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39516855; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39516855']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "40218efdfe954c43e2a4888df252458f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39516855]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39516855,"title":"New perspectives on late antique recycling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This workshop brings together researchers and scholars to address questions about the role of recycling and spolia in Late Antiquity, with the aim of providing a more coherent understanding of the cultural changes that characterized late-antique recycling. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39516855-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38822963"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38822963/Alabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop_on_the_sources_and_uses_of_calcite_alabaster_across_archaeological_contexts"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 'Alabaster': an interdisciplinary workshop on the sources and uses of calcite-alabaster across archaeological contexts" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59290008/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38822963/Alabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop_on_the_sources_and_uses_of_calcite_alabaster_across_archaeological_contexts">'Alabaster': an interdisciplinary workshop on the sources and uses of calcite-alabaster across archaeological contexts</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://icac.academia.edu/SimonaPerna">Simona Perna</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The aim of this workshop is to look at the archaeological identification and use of alabaster, in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The aim of this workshop is to look at the archaeological identification and use of alabaster, including its quarry sources, historical uses and symbolism from a comparative, interdisciplinary perspective. Characterized by a high visual impact and a deep semiotic value, alabaster was one of the most sought after decorative stones throughout antiquity; however, many aspects connected to its quarrying, scientific provenance and use remain unexplored. This contrasts with other decorative stones, especially white marble, where quarry sample databases and ever-developing techniques and methodologies for material characterization and provenance determination (Antonelli and Lazzarini 2015; Attanasio et al. 2006; Lazzarini 2004; Zöldföldi et al. 2008) have allowed marble artefacts to be provenanced with high reliability. While recent research has attempted to provide similar information for alabaster identification and provenance (Perna 2015; Perna and Barker 2017; Barker and Perna 2018; Barker et al. ASMOSIA XI; Barker and Perna ASMOSIA XI), the existing literature on the subject is still insufficient and scattered. As such, the quarrying, use and meaning of alabaster deserve an extensive study, akin to those already extended to other popular types of decorative stone. The objective of this workshop is to bring together, for the first time, scholars from several disciplines to offer comprehensive insight into alabaster as an archaeological aretefact. This will include a discussion of past and current issues related to the study and identification of this ornamental stone. The workshop's primary aim is to contribute to the scientific debate on the trade and use of decorative stones in antiquity by studying the production, distribution and consumption of alabaster in the Mediterranean. The focus will be on the Roman period, however, for the analysis to be as comprehensive as possible, the workshop will include discussions of both earlier (Bronze Age, Hellenistic) and later periods (Late Antiquity, early Christian, Medieval, Renaissance). Geographically, the workshop will focus on the uses of this stone across the Mediterranean (Egypt, Asia Minor, Near East, Europe) to understand and analyse patterns of quarrying, trade, use and meaning both diachronically and cross-culturally from a wider comparative perspective.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-38822963-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-38822963-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/5624330/figure-1-alabaster-an-interdisciplinary-workshop-on-the"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59290008/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-38822963-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a67d165c8080115cf9ecbe7be414c422" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59290008,"asset_id":38822963,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59290008/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38822963"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38822963"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38822963; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38822963]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38822963]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38822963; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38822963']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a67d165c8080115cf9ecbe7be414c422" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=38822963]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":38822963,"title":"'Alabaster': an interdisciplinary workshop on the sources and uses of calcite-alabaster across archaeological contexts","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The aim of this workshop is to look at the archaeological identification and use of alabaster, including its quarry sources, historical uses and symbolism from a comparative, interdisciplinary perspective. 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Characterized by a high visual impact and a deep semiotic value, alabaster was one of the most sought after decorative stones throughout antiquity; however, many aspects connected to its quarrying, scientific provenance and use remain unexplored. This contrasts with other decorative stones, especially white marble, where quarry sample databases and ever-developing techniques and methodologies for material characterization and provenance determination (Antonelli and Lazzarini 2015; Attanasio et al. 2006; Lazzarini 2004; Zöldföldi et al. 2008) have allowed marble artefacts to be provenanced with high reliability. While recent research has attempted to provide similar information for alabaster identification and provenance (Perna 2015; Perna and Barker 2017; Barker and Perna 2018; Barker et al. ASMOSIA XI; Barker and Perna ASMOSIA XI), the existing literature on the subject is still insufficient and scattered. As such, the quarrying, use and meaning of alabaster deserve an extensive study, akin to those already extended to other popular types of decorative stone. The objective of this workshop is to bring together, for the first time, scholars from several disciplines to offer comprehensive insight into alabaster as an archaeological aretefact. This will include a discussion of past and current issues related to the study and identification of this ornamental stone. The workshop's primary aim is to contribute to the scientific debate on the trade and use of decorative stones in antiquity by studying the production, distribution and consumption of alabaster in the Mediterranean. The focus will be on the Roman period, however, for the analysis to be as comprehensive as possible, the workshop will include discussions of both earlier (Bronze Age, Hellenistic) and later periods (Late Antiquity, early Christian, Medieval, Renaissance). Geographically, the workshop will focus on the uses of this stone across the Mediterranean (Egypt, Asia Minor, Near East, Europe) to understand and analyse patterns of quarrying, trade, use and meaning both diachronically and cross-culturally from a wider comparative perspective.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59290008,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59290008/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Alabaster_Program_Final.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59290008/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Alabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59290008/Alabaster_Program_Final-libre.pdf?1558107513=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAlabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop.pdf\u0026Expires=1743642561\u0026Signature=XjeLXxJjd6~FTGb1lVsVPnKggzcYlpfzcjrS6-s3TXXfvrpzk5YQnA684mgh1nzmSqIeGdwerG8Nzlx47IBevQpDjWf6GtuqaxSyLrlAonh~bc5mv7XCwy5qIpyeUfgMbQ6dJQXmxcAgbgjJLhJoLmgoafhug1bf~c2vsgE3BAP0n9r-2iE-xuIS2VmS0CUOXm8ufZcNYAurAFo4CH5rYbzSgwleZsoYqbnE04RYD70VFo0wDnaZ1Xrd3A0v9xUuhfeZ05o53G5mpL2aiRCPQwYC1UYqGEfyC-CMoAZjakpX4FpC6rzDWXL-xc~n4nkeUPg9khBA6Z~RUvCusp7oeQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":59409413,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59409413/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Program_Short.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59409413/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Alabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59409413/Program_Short-libre.pdf?1558961053=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAlabaster_an_interdisciplinary_workshop.pdf\u0026Expires=1743642561\u0026Signature=ANj7vO11o7~e3zuC5EENqj3m39pAqsqfR4l4lf~CKbSILaBk1k6NH-gWsOeErV2xo8tBSu2sRbnauAGc7tNvXANX4yMOM9VahR42VMSg6ZWVovDtcHXzDTAr7TpYWyLDngGUW3eTCKYqhROVDlfjKka6lyzl6KreIO9q8Gmf7XW-28yu-jWUMed-vvO2l6BLZ8K5pWgeRXDwrSPoip~EzsU4IeoMDdLwi53uiMdm2bFVCuWF3SV4o36P1tj8ISQnySNdNJyWsYX6MjOIE2JzE5EJZ5hY4WIQ~eTJx~dq2WF6Euz8Jzonuhd0494gxLkj6mSLfrj3-0G~aagzVvVk2g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History"},{"id":2987,"name":"Renaissance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renaissance_Studies"},{"id":12523,"name":"Bronze Age Europe (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Europe_Archaeology_"},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry"},{"id":13509,"name":"Bronze Age Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology"},{"id":21670,"name":"Medieval Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Italy"},{"id":24068,"name":"Roman North Africa (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_North_Africa_Archaeology_"},{"id":26726,"name":"Bronze Age (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bronze_Age_Archaeology_"},{"id":29276,"name":"Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hellenistic_and_Roman_Asia_Minor"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":82257,"name":"Roman trade, commerce and the economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_trade_commerce_and_the_economy"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":343620,"name":"Archaeology of Cyprus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Cyprus"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-38822963-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="36993276"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/36993276/Constructing_City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_an_empire_wide_perspective"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Constructing City Walls in Late Antiquity: an empire-wide perspective" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56942286/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/36993276/Constructing_City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquity_an_empire_wide_perspective">Constructing City Walls in Late Antiquity: an empire-wide perspective</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/EmanueleIntagliata">Emanuele E . Intagliata</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unige.academia.edu/ChristopherCourault">Christopher Courault</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://hunter-cuny.academia.edu/HendrikDey">Hendrik Dey</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Late antique urban walls are an important aspect of late antique cities throughout the eastern an...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Late antique urban walls are an important aspect of late antique cities throughout the eastern and western empire that dramatically reshaped and redefined the urban landscape; however, their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly. The gradual increase in the number of studies on the topic, both for the Byzantine East and the Roman West, has allowed us to rethink how urban circuits were built and has led to new topics of discourse. This conference, to be held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies on 20th – 21st June 2018, will focus on fortification walls, with a specific focus on large cities, in the late antique East and West (3th-6th centuries AD). The aim will be to re-think regional, local, and empire-wide differences and similarities within this single class of monument. The geographic focus of the conference will be intentionally wide, in an attempt to break the divide between East and West and gain, for the first-time, an empire-wide perspective. Topics covered by the event will include, but will not be limited to: <br /> <br /> Comparative analysis of building techniques and construction processes at regional and empire-wide levels; <br /> Spolia and the impact of the urban landscape; <br /> Perception of city walls in Late Antiquity and the post-Antique period; <br /> Comparative scientific analyses;</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="982a4c89abef8ac6457ddffd7e921c2c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":56942286,"asset_id":36993276,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56942286/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="36993276"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36993276"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36993276; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36993276]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36993276]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36993276; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='36993276']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "982a4c89abef8ac6457ddffd7e921c2c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=36993276]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":36993276,"title":"Constructing City Walls in Late Antiquity: an empire-wide perspective","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Late antique urban walls are an important aspect of late antique cities throughout the eastern and western empire that dramatically reshaped and redefined the urban landscape; however, their final appearance and construction techniques varied greatly. The gradual increase in the number of studies on the topic, both for the Byzantine East and the Roman West, has allowed us to rethink how urban circuits were built and has led to new topics of discourse. This conference, to be held at the British School at Rome and the Swedish Institute of Classical Studies on 20th – 21st June 2018, will focus on fortification walls, with a specific focus on large cities, in the late antique East and West (3th-6th centuries AD). The aim will be to re-think regional, local, and empire-wide differences and similarities within this single class of monument. The geographic focus of the conference will be intentionally wide, in an attempt to break the divide between East and West and gain, for the first-time, an empire-wide perspective. 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Topics covered by the event will include, but will not be limited to:\r\n\r\n Comparative analysis of building techniques and construction processes at regional and empire-wide levels;\r\n Spolia and the impact of the urban landscape;\r\n Perception of city walls in Late Antiquity and the post-Antique period; \r\n Comparative scientific analyses;","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker","email":"UUVaczE5RHByMUd4VFpNYWVsMDc2VHVNTlc1S1ZRYzQ0WEhTT0RVMUlHaTZxcUZHSWdQYlNBL3lMYTUvOFI1cS0teWdlZWdUSlMzVWxlNXZVdWNDV1lnQT09--5a6bcd9002a21e5b38107aa13008e11923503c68"},"attachments":[{"id":56942286,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/56942286/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Conference_Program.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56942286/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Constructing_City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquit.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/56942286/Conference_Program.pdf?1738375928=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DConstructing_City_Walls_in_Late_Antiquit.pdf\u0026Expires=1743706375\u0026Signature=LMEKdohaOSGXOO2qHwXfQS2BiYIVB6lcYfEK2Nhq00HmedWEVUdpQFtf4c3Dxpm6XIIZ334vAcJV5hxodjOoUhxlvhWAgPMXaDC2jYTjDYcoq5dZYVLVY46KQXJezzvW3SUvmKOLfmEuV5IQXoeUO3axcIs3tLxFg8XkacaJW05cYuxV9PrvinOwzXMdEuq~v17JmWhqVKKd5Cix8Y7LjJYA2AixahtlqpmCeeoWWOyU70T1A0w5uz3LeJ31UiBGQVeUQWy6gRVTgon--wuxQtLG5L5jB1gy60lyMAene4vLlJ3c~Poc8uZBefb5oaZCFx9d3HmDYerH7qvSMHhkPA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":5041,"name":"Late Antique Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Archaeology"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":84391,"name":"Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spolia"},{"id":767006,"name":"Ancient City Walls","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_City_Walls"},{"id":2609123,"name":"Archeologia Romana, Topografia ed Urbanistica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeologia_Romana_Topografia_ed_Urbanistica"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-36993276-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="264622" id="conferencepapers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="114642308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/114642308/Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods_patterns_and_visibility"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Late antique recycling practices: methods, patterns, and visibility" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111286273/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/114642308/Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods_patterns_and_visibility">Late antique recycling practices: methods, patterns, and visibility</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There can be little doubt that the widespread re-use of bases, statues, and portrait heads was on...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There can be little doubt that the widespread re-use of bases, statues, and portrait heads was one of the most important and striking features of the statue habit at the end of Antiquity (c. AD 280–650). Re-use had occurred prior to this point, but the scale and systematic nature of late-antique re-use distinguish it from earlier centuries. This paper makes use of the large quantity of data now available for inscribed bases and statuary from late antiquity. To this end, it examines the role of re-used statues and re-inscribed texts within the framework of three broad aims: to examine the methods and techniques of re-use, to gain insight into the selection and purpose behind re-use, and to assess the visibility of re-use and the changed appearance of statue monuments during this last phase of ancient statue use. Key aspects will include identifying who was re-using older material, what pieces were chosen for re-use, how individuals or groups attained access to this material, and why certain materials were selected for re-use.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-114642308-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642308-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31389033/figure-1-reframing-sculptural-reuse-in-the-greco-roman-world"><img alt="Reframing Sculptural Reuse in the Greco-Roman World " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/111286273/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/31389034/figure-2-international-workshop-organized-by-gabriella"><img alt="International workshop organized by Gabriella Cirucci and Jane Fejfer " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/111286273/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-114642308-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="629c2c696f5ac965f2df4ec37e966cd2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":111286273,"asset_id":114642308,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286273/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="114642308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="114642308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642308; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642308]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=114642308]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 114642308; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='114642308']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "629c2c696f5ac965f2df4ec37e966cd2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=114642308]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":114642308,"title":"Late antique recycling practices: methods, patterns, and visibility","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There can be little doubt that the widespread re-use of bases, statues, and portrait heads was one of the most important and striking features of the statue habit at the end of Antiquity (c. AD 280–650). Re-use had occurred prior to this point, but the scale and systematic nature of late-antique re-use distinguish it from earlier centuries. This paper makes use of the large quantity of data now available for inscribed bases and statuary from late antiquity. To this end, it examines the role of re-used statues and re-inscribed texts within the framework of three broad aims: to examine the methods and techniques of re-use, to gain insight into the selection and purpose behind re-use, and to assess the visibility of re-use and the changed appearance of statue monuments during this last phase of ancient statue use. Key aspects will include identifying who was re-using older material, what pieces were chosen for re-use, how individuals or groups attained access to this material, and why certain materials were selected for re-use. ","location":"University of Copenhagen, South Campus, Copenhagen, Denmark","more_info":"Reframing Sculptural Reuse in the Greco-Roman World: New Approaches to Reused Sculptures. International workshop organized by Gabriella Cirucci and Jane Fejfer.","ai_title_tag":"Late Antique Statue Reuse: Methods, Patterns, and Visibility","conference_end_date":{"day":13,"month":10,"year":2023,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":11,"month":10,"year":2023,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"There can be little doubt that the widespread re-use of bases, statues, and portrait heads was one of the most important and striking features of the statue habit at the end of Antiquity (c. AD 280–650). Re-use had occurred prior to this point, but the scale and systematic nature of late-antique re-use distinguish it from earlier centuries. This paper makes use of the large quantity of data now available for inscribed bases and statuary from late antiquity. To this end, it examines the role of re-used statues and re-inscribed texts within the framework of three broad aims: to examine the methods and techniques of re-use, to gain insight into the selection and purpose behind re-use, and to assess the visibility of re-use and the changed appearance of statue monuments during this last phase of ancient statue use. Key aspects will include identifying who was re-using older material, what pieces were chosen for re-use, how individuals or groups attained access to this material, and why certain materials were selected for re-use. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114642308/Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods_patterns_and_visibility","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2024-02-08T06:58:40.943-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":111286273,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111286273/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CPH_Workshop_programme.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286273/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111286273/CPH_Workshop_programme-libre.pdf?1707405242=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLate_antique_recycling_practices_methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=WmCjVYW-tL09rRb6uojVmsVNLA2LN6EeW3zoL3OtJ-146FWKne1y3TujV70ThAWslZvQG6Cdb8~c5V5SMCWFLdkEdFyOuDP6YZlLyutjTiUE03ilI2XNU9s1-X1DwxqAzZj82r6XBJd5FhA1eTvfxMvDigbQ9FzDc1WfaLBCggYxB3EYVgSZAf1fUyhfSIPDgkCGjBsWlE9NbwUtc-JoFNGidlzlE0PWlBtE8Y20WtCS-TFI7nxWIKoe1pKa2WVJJYHem4igcRVVenw7STr74pKg3sV9-KxtG66tOLMZoesjbosaSBnbvrphICp9AwjwdBbXcW-UxkxPBG6H9LuwCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods_patterns_and_visibility","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"There can be little doubt that the widespread re-use of bases, statues, and portrait heads was one of the most important and striking features of the statue habit at the end of Antiquity (c. 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","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":111286273,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/111286273/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"CPH_Workshop_programme.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/111286273/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Late_antique_recycling_practices_methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/111286273/CPH_Workshop_programme-libre.pdf?1707405242=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLate_antique_recycling_practices_methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672009\u0026Signature=WmCjVYW-tL09rRb6uojVmsVNLA2LN6EeW3zoL3OtJ-146FWKne1y3TujV70ThAWslZvQG6Cdb8~c5V5SMCWFLdkEdFyOuDP6YZlLyutjTiUE03ilI2XNU9s1-X1DwxqAzZj82r6XBJd5FhA1eTvfxMvDigbQ9FzDc1WfaLBCggYxB3EYVgSZAf1fUyhfSIPDgkCGjBsWlE9NbwUtc-JoFNGidlzlE0PWlBtE8Y20WtCS-TFI7nxWIKoe1pKa2WVJJYHem4igcRVVenw7STr74pKg3sV9-KxtG66tOLMZoesjbosaSBnbvrphICp9AwjwdBbXcW-UxkxPBG6H9LuwCg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":177350,"name":"Reuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reuse"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-114642308-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92241138"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92241138/The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_practices_of_the_late_Roman_empire"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The character of re-use in the statue practices of the late Roman empire" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95302042/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92241138/The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_practices_of_the_late_Roman_empire">The character of re-use in the statue practices of the late Roman empire</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-92241138-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-92241138-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11996732/figure-1-in-order-to-attend-online-please-register-with"><img alt="In order to attend online please register with rocco.selvaggi@uni-hamburg.de. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/95302042/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11996751/figure-2-visigothic-pilasters-reused-at-the-cistern-of-the"><img alt="Visigothic Pilasters reused at the Cistern of the Alcazaba of Merida. IX century A.D. The Role of Reuse in the Statue Practices of the Late Roman Empire Warburghaus, Heilwigstralge 116, 20249 Hamburg hair: Prof. Dr. Sabine Panzram (Romanlslam Center, Universitat Hamburg) " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/95302042/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/11996771/figure-3-monumental-entrance-portal-at-the-ribat-of-sousse"><img alt="Monumental Entrance Portal at the Ribat of Sousse, flanked by two reused columns. IX century A.D " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/95302042/figure_003.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-92241138-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="481d33b9145f959bf8a981c6cdf4314d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95302042,"asset_id":92241138,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95302042/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92241138"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92241138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92241138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92241138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92241138]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92241138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92241138']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "481d33b9145f959bf8a981c6cdf4314d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92241138]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92241138,"title":"The character of re-use in the statue practices of the late Roman empire","translated_title":"","metadata":{"location":"Universität Hamburg","more_info":"Reuse in Post-Roman Societies: Christian and Islamic Attitudes Towards Ruins and spolia","ai_abstract":"This paper examines the character and implications of recycling and reuse practices in the statue traditions of the Late Roman Empire, challenging traditional views that regard these processes as merely reactive to economic decline. It posits that these practices demonstrate a strategic organization involving power dynamics, legal frameworks, and cultural appropriation. The study emphasizes the importance of comparative and transcultural approaches to understand how ancient objects were reidentified and repurposed in both Christian and Islamic contexts across the Mediterranean.","ai_title_tag":"Recycling Statues in the Late Roman Empire","organization":"RomanIslam. Centre for Comparative Empire and Transcultural Studies","conference_end_date":{"day":6,"month":12,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":5,"month":12,"year":2022,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92241138/The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_practices_of_the_late_Roman_empire","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-05T09:43:49.383-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":95302042,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95302042/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Reuse_in_Post_Roman_Societies_Hamburg_12.2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95302042/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95302042/Reuse_in_Post_Roman_Societies_Hamburg_12.2022-libre.pdf?1670270664=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=LjkbNrBTdOCLbZJ2mBKydgFZW7g583j7wfW3aCwzxL~mkoAhgoByMMNxG1Rff6-3JFH5PgDto8Z67AGkaOCn~PzNUGZ0p-VsPF~-MA9E6yNUPtxYGV2jRiy36L903Pl5zNfhXvr9Dx5W4aMpKIq3clta9oQLtCxKa4qoOGTl6Iz~rBaGGcQMeIpEojENHakTiuYRR8sL2GuXTaP5hn-ipXXhp9Ne4IqoFgyIQYXnIj6BR7hgabwPGQGK~QVNhKgeqQDna~9SjRMpqONzW65YVZWeon1bHxkXJnTqOcR3K0XeSErG4vzjDmrDwb9tPI6n0DNnIg-jPM6PRkyKgG8AjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_practices_of_the_late_Roman_empire","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":95302042,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95302042/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Reuse_in_Post_Roman_Societies_Hamburg_12.2022.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95302042/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_pr.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95302042/Reuse_in_Post_Roman_Societies_Hamburg_12.2022-libre.pdf?1670270664=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_character_of_re_use_in_the_statue_pr.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622884\u0026Signature=LjkbNrBTdOCLbZJ2mBKydgFZW7g583j7wfW3aCwzxL~mkoAhgoByMMNxG1Rff6-3JFH5PgDto8Z67AGkaOCn~PzNUGZ0p-VsPF~-MA9E6yNUPtxYGV2jRiy36L903Pl5zNfhXvr9Dx5W4aMpKIq3clta9oQLtCxKa4qoOGTl6Iz~rBaGGcQMeIpEojENHakTiuYRR8sL2GuXTaP5hn-ipXXhp9Ne4IqoFgyIQYXnIj6BR7hgabwPGQGK~QVNhKgeqQDna~9SjRMpqONzW65YVZWeon1bHxkXJnTqOcR3K0XeSErG4vzjDmrDwb9tPI6n0DNnIg-jPM6PRkyKgG8AjA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":991,"name":"Late Antique and Byzantine Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_and_Byzantine_Studies"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":24255,"name":"Late Antique Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antique_Art_and_Archaeology"},{"id":84391,"name":"Spolia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spolia"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-92241138-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92050082"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050082/The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the_Fourth_Style"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The ‘New’ Standard: Marble Ensembles in the Fourth Style" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95164613/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050082/The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the_Fourth_Style">The ‘New’ Standard: Marble Ensembles in the Fourth Style</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Este workshop tiene como objetivo investigar aspectos que vinculan el consumo de la cultura mater...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Este workshop tiene como objetivo investigar aspectos que vinculan el consumo de la cultura material de lujo en la sociedad romana con la explotación, manipulación y transformación de materiales de lujo en el mundo romano desde una perspectiva comparada. Dentro del tema más amplio de la luxuria romana y su definición en</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7f7a0c7bbc615eaa7d330f154cc455e0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":95164613,"asset_id":92050082,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95164613/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92050082"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92050082"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050082; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050082]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050082]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050082; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92050082']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7f7a0c7bbc615eaa7d330f154cc455e0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92050082]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92050082,"title":"The ‘New’ Standard: Marble Ensembles in the Fourth Style","translated_title":"","metadata":{"location":"Tarragona, Spain","more_info":"Magnificentia Et Luxus: Materiales y tecnología del lujo en la Roma alto-imperial’ (Magnificentia Et Luxus. Materials and technology of luxury in the early Imperial period’)","organization":"Universidad Rovira I Virgili and Institut Català d'Arqueologia Clàssica","grobid_abstract":"Este workshop tiene como objetivo investigar aspectos que vinculan el consumo de la cultura material de lujo en la sociedad romana con la explotación, manipulación y transformación de materiales de lujo en el mundo romano desde una perspectiva comparada. Dentro del tema más amplio de la luxuria romana y su definición en","conference_end_date":{"day":4,"month":11,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":3,"month":11,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"grobid_abstract_attachment_id":95164613},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92050082/The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the_Fourth_Style","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-02T04:23:47.605-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":95164613,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95164613/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MEL_2022_Program_Booklet.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95164613/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95164613/MEL_2022_Program_Booklet-libre.pdf?1669984540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1743580643\u0026Signature=VzIkAkBOCPM-JEU1OotdqmV9WRO6nx-PZsPsFtIi7FmmsSysEHg8wEpbE~3gm4suItnMKiHiYctAdauIucIiOPkL1PPSJJm8DPjvnyCwawIGoE8ZUK98HdySBKSGE91yzkxGHLpbXGqhjKX3doEo-HU5Gc3DWNxgju233G8kZaXDhqW2UtPJHr7B9JIODRp~SWp3nkM7~9j5gwgkCNgjGJnzrfGXOumLKpfDrHzUZgUUoB92laZo33kEWWHYegcEu8tdQNQEjhgb5bYnv0ikG3S1GVMGXHpIf-g9cbzKUETNEmRh07D2zfONQa9NInUeYK8mL~yjjE1eoVO-pi9uVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the_Fourth_Style","translated_slug":"","page_count":2,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":"Este workshop tiene como objetivo investigar aspectos que vinculan el consumo de la cultura material de lujo en la sociedad romana con la explotación, manipulación y transformación de materiales de lujo en el mundo romano desde una perspectiva comparada. Dentro del tema más amplio de la luxuria romana y su definición en","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":95164613,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/95164613/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"MEL_2022_Program_Booklet.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/95164613/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/95164613/MEL_2022_Program_Booklet-libre.pdf?1669984540=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_New_Standard_Marble_Ensembles_in_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1743580643\u0026Signature=VzIkAkBOCPM-JEU1OotdqmV9WRO6nx-PZsPsFtIi7FmmsSysEHg8wEpbE~3gm4suItnMKiHiYctAdauIucIiOPkL1PPSJJm8DPjvnyCwawIGoE8ZUK98HdySBKSGE91yzkxGHLpbXGqhjKX3doEo-HU5Gc3DWNxgju233G8kZaXDhqW2UtPJHr7B9JIODRp~SWp3nkM7~9j5gwgkCNgjGJnzrfGXOumLKpfDrHzUZgUUoB92laZo33kEWWHYegcEu8tdQNQEjhgb5bYnv0ikG3S1GVMGXHpIf-g9cbzKUETNEmRh07D2zfONQa9NInUeYK8mL~yjjE1eoVO-pi9uVQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":46712,"name":"Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Herculaneum"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-92050082-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92050839"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050839/Egyptian_stones_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Vesuvian_cities_1st_c_AD_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Egyptian stones in the décor of Vesuvian cities (1st c. AD)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/104858028/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050839/Egyptian_stones_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Vesuvian_cities_1st_c_AD_">Egyptian stones in the décor of Vesuvian cities (1st c. AD)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence, set alongside...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Decades of archaeology in Egypt’s Eastern Desert and accrued documentary evidence,  set alongside an ongoing census of lithic décor in Campania, allow a more nuanced understanding the interplay of Roman investment in the Desert, conspicuous construction in Rome, and diffusion down the social hierarchy in Campania. Here we present work on two lesser-known Egyptian stones, gabbro eufotide and ophites (granito della sedia di S. Lorenzo/Pietro). The “curator” inscription of AD 10/11 reveals Roman functionaries gathered in Wadi Wikala/Semna, the source of ophites, under the auspices of a legionary tribune and “Chief of All the Mines and Quarries of Egypt.” The caché of this stone amongst the Roman elite is suggested by inserts in the basketweave pavement of the Palatine nymphaeum of Nero's Domus Transitoria, fragments from 1st c. villas around Lake Nemi, which include ophites among other Egyptian rarities, and Lucan’s (9.713) mention of Thebanus ophites.  Gabbro eufotide, from Wadi Maqhrabiya, has no contemporary documentation like that of ophites, but the absence of a lucky find like the “curator” stele hardly excludes similar Roman interest. Proximity to Wâdi Hammâmât, where the same quarry Chief’s freedman is attested in AD 9, makes Roman interest all the more probable (surface pottery begins in the 1st c. AD but is not closely datable). Pliny’s description (NH 36.55) of marmor Augusteum, still unidentified, actually fits gabbro eufotide well. At Rome it was, like ophites, used for small items of high prestige. <br />One might expect such rarities, procured at cost by imperial resources operating at the far edge of the empire, to be for the benefit of the emperor himself and the elite whose support was important. However, a modest diffusion of both stones can be found in Campania. Ophites and eufotide are both notable in three rooms of the Casa dei Cervi and other houses at Herculaneum and Pompeii. While the use of eufotide in the elaborate sectilia panels from the Villa San Marco is of comparable elite level, the large plaque of ophites in a bar façade at VI 10, 1 at Pompeii points to its diffusion prior to 62 AD when many bars were upgraded with marble cladding. This diffusion stands in sharp contrast to that of purple porphyry or granito bianco e nero (Pliny’s marmor Tibereum). Does this suggests different aims for the prospecting in Egypt with divergent recipients in mind for new and unusual stones?</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-92050839-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-92050839-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/40356422/figure-1-egyptian-stones-in-the-dcor-of-vesuvian-cities-st"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/104858028/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-92050839-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0c8b39ebd6a665dbaa64ac7a48f624e1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":104858028,"asset_id":92050839,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/104858028/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92050839"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92050839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050839; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050839]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050839]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050839; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92050839']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0c8b39ebd6a665dbaa64ac7a48f624e1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92050839]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92050839,"title":"Egyptian stones in the décor of Vesuvian cities (1st c. 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The “curator” inscription of AD 10/11 reveals Roman functionaries gathered in Wadi Wikala/Semna, the source of ophites, under the auspices of a legionary tribune and “Chief of All the Mines and Quarries of Egypt.” The caché of this stone amongst the Roman elite is suggested by inserts in the basketweave pavement of the Palatine nymphaeum of Nero's Domus Transitoria, fragments from 1st c. villas around Lake Nemi, which include ophites among other Egyptian rarities, and Lucan’s (9.713) mention of Thebanus ophites. Gabbro eufotide, from Wadi Maqhrabiya, has no contemporary documentation like that of ophites, but the absence of a lucky find like the “curator” stele hardly excludes similar Roman interest. Proximity to Wâdi Hammâmât, where the same quarry Chief’s freedman is attested in AD 9, makes Roman interest all the more probable (surface pottery begins in the 1st c. AD but is not closely datable). Pliny’s description (NH 36.55) of marmor Augusteum, still unidentified, actually fits gabbro eufotide well. At Rome it was, like ophites, used for small items of high prestige. \r\nOne might expect such rarities, procured at cost by imperial resources operating at the far edge of the empire, to be for the benefit of the emperor himself and the elite whose support was important. However, a modest diffusion of both stones can be found in Campania. Ophites and eufotide are both notable in three rooms of the Casa dei Cervi and other houses at Herculaneum and Pompeii. While the use of eufotide in the elaborate sectilia panels from the Villa San Marco is of comparable elite level, the large plaque of ophites in a bar façade at VI 10, 1 at Pompeii points to its diffusion prior to 62 AD when many bars were upgraded with marble cladding. This diffusion stands in sharp contrast to that of purple porphyry or granito bianco e nero (Pliny’s marmor Tibereum). 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The “curator” inscription of AD 10/11 reveals Roman functionaries gathered in Wadi Wikala/Semna, the source of ophites, under the auspices of a legionary tribune and “Chief of All the Mines and Quarries of Egypt.” The caché of this stone amongst the Roman elite is suggested by inserts in the basketweave pavement of the Palatine nymphaeum of Nero's Domus Transitoria, fragments from 1st c. villas around Lake Nemi, which include ophites among other Egyptian rarities, and Lucan’s (9.713) mention of Thebanus ophites. Gabbro eufotide, from Wadi Maqhrabiya, has no contemporary documentation like that of ophites, but the absence of a lucky find like the “curator” stele hardly excludes similar Roman interest. Proximity to Wâdi Hammâmât, where the same quarry Chief’s freedman is attested in AD 9, makes Roman interest all the more probable (surface pottery begins in the 1st c. AD but is not closely datable). Pliny’s description (NH 36.55) of marmor Augusteum, still unidentified, actually fits gabbro eufotide well. At Rome it was, like ophites, used for small items of high prestige. \r\nOne might expect such rarities, procured at cost by imperial resources operating at the far edge of the empire, to be for the benefit of the emperor himself and the elite whose support was important. However, a modest diffusion of both stones can be found in Campania. Ophites and eufotide are both notable in three rooms of the Casa dei Cervi and other houses at Herculaneum and Pompeii. While the use of eufotide in the elaborate sectilia panels from the Villa San Marco is of comparable elite level, the large plaque of ophites in a bar façade at VI 10, 1 at Pompeii points to its diffusion prior to 62 AD when many bars were upgraded with marble cladding. This diffusion stands in sharp contrast to that of purple porphyry or granito bianco e nero (Pliny’s marmor Tibereum). Does this suggests different aims for the prospecting in Egypt with divergent recipients in mind for new and unusual stones? ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/92050839/Egyptian_stones_in_the_d%C3%A9cor_of_Vesuvian_cities_1st_c_AD_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-12-02T04:36:33.466-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":39143644,"work_id":92050839,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":10632391,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@uakron.edu","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":0,"name":"J. Clayton Fant","title":"Egyptian stones in the décor of Vesuvian cities (1st c. 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Proximity to Wâdi Hammâmât, where the same quarry Chief’s freedman is attested in AD 9, makes Roman interest all the more probable (surface pottery begins in the 1st c. AD but is not closely datable). Pliny’s description (NH 36.55) of marmor Augusteum, still unidentified, actually fits gabbro eufotide well. At Rome it was, like ophites, used for small items of high prestige. \r\nOne might expect such rarities, procured at cost by imperial resources operating at the far edge of the empire, to be for the benefit of the emperor himself and the elite whose support was important. However, a modest diffusion of both stones can be found in Campania. Ophites and eufotide are both notable in three rooms of the Casa dei Cervi and other houses at Herculaneum and Pompeii. While the use of eufotide in the elaborate sectilia panels from the Villa San Marco is of comparable elite level, the large plaque of ophites in a bar façade at VI 10, 1 at Pompeii points to its diffusion prior to 62 AD when many bars were upgraded with marble cladding. This diffusion stands in sharp contrast to that of purple porphyry or granito bianco e nero (Pliny’s marmor Tibereum). Does this suggests different aims for the prospecting in Egypt with divergent recipients in mind for new and unusual stones? 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Built by the emp...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The Domus Aurea (Golden House) was the emperor Nero’s luxurious imperial palace. Built by the emperor following the Great fire of Rome in AD 64, it remained unfinished at the time of his death (AD 68). The huge complex covered c. 100 hectares of the heart of Ancient Rome in the valleys between the Palatine, the Oppius and the Caelius, and according to the criticisms of ancient authors, fulfilled the emperor’s longing to live in a palace equal to those of Hellenistic kings in the eastern Mediterranean (e.g. Tacitus, Suetonius, and Pliny the Elder). The Oppian Pavilion of Nero’s palace was subsequently thoroughly stripped of its marble decoration and buried during the construction of the Baths of Trajan (dedicated in AD 104). The 90 (of the c. 140) rooms of the pavilion that preserve remains of wall paintings, vault decoration and marble revetments and floors will be the focus of this paper. The paper will use the now well-established method of architectural energetics—the quantification of architectural remains in terms of the labour force involved—to determine the overall labour ‘cost’ of the pavilion’s decoration. The time-labour figures for individual tasks will be derived from G. Pegoretti’s manual, first published in the 1840s, and now the standard source for architectural energetics focused on the city of Rome. The paper will consider the total labour necessary for the installation of all of the forms of wall decoration, which took place in the short period between AD 64 and 68, to draw conclusions about the labour implications for creating ‘imperial luxury’ at a rapid pace. Overall, the paper will use the labour figures generated for Nero’s Oppian Pavilion to evaluate how imperial luxury measured against everyday domestic architecture and if the extravagance levelled against Nero by ancient authors stands-up in terms of labour investment.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a09a7277c169837c17c619a734c3c9d2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73207230,"asset_id":59121544,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73207230/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59121544"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59121544"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59121544; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59121544]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59121544]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59121544; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59121544']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a09a7277c169837c17c619a734c3c9d2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59121544]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59121544,"title":"Creating imperial luxury: labour estimates for the painted and marble wall decoration of the Oppian Pavilion of Nero’s Domus Aurea","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The Domus Aurea (Golden House) was the emperor Nero’s luxurious imperial palace. Built by the emperor following the Great fire of Rome in AD 64, it remained unfinished at the time of his death (AD 68). The huge complex covered c. 100 hectares of the heart of Ancient Rome in the valleys between the Palatine, the Oppius and the Caelius, and according to the criticisms of ancient authors, fulfilled the emperor’s longing to live in a palace equal to those of Hellenistic kings in the eastern Mediterranean (e.g. Tacitus, Suetonius, and Pliny the Elder). The Oppian Pavilion of Nero’s palace was subsequently thoroughly stripped of its marble decoration and buried during the construction of the Baths of Trajan (dedicated in AD 104). The 90 (of the c. 140) rooms of the pavilion that preserve remains of wall paintings, vault decoration and marble revetments and floors will be the focus of this paper. The paper will use the now well-established method of architectural energetics—the quantification of architectural remains in terms of the labour force involved—to determine the overall labour ‘cost’ of the pavilion’s decoration. The time-labour figures for individual tasks will be derived from G. Pegoretti’s manual, first published in the 1840s, and now the standard source for architectural energetics focused on the city of Rome. The paper will consider the total labour necessary for the installation of all of the forms of wall decoration, which took place in the short period between AD 64 and 68, to draw conclusions about the labour implications for creating ‘imperial luxury’ at a rapid pace. Overall, the paper will use the labour figures generated for Nero’s Oppian Pavilion to evaluate how imperial luxury measured against everyday domestic architecture and if the extravagance levelled against Nero by ancient authors stands-up in terms of labour investment. \n","location":"Roma","more_info":"La gestione delle risorse nei processi costruttivi nell’Antichità e nell’Alto Medioevo, Comitato organizzativo: Christopher Courault (UG UCO), Sebastián Vargas Vázquez (US), Javier Á. Domingo (PUSC), Serena Vinci (UNED), Pedro Albuquerque (FCT, Uniarq, US)","organization":"Pontificia Università della Santa Croce","conference_end_date":{"day":25,"month":9,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":23,"month":9,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The Domus Aurea (Golden House) was the emperor Nero’s luxurious imperial palace. Built by the emperor following the Great fire of Rome in AD 64, it remained unfinished at the time of his death (AD 68). The huge complex covered c. 100 hectares of the heart of Ancient Rome in the valleys between the Palatine, the Oppius and the Caelius, and according to the criticisms of ancient authors, fulfilled the emperor’s longing to live in a palace equal to those of Hellenistic kings in the eastern Mediterranean (e.g. Tacitus, Suetonius, and Pliny the Elder). The Oppian Pavilion of Nero’s palace was subsequently thoroughly stripped of its marble decoration and buried during the construction of the Baths of Trajan (dedicated in AD 104). The 90 (of the c. 140) rooms of the pavilion that preserve remains of wall paintings, vault decoration and marble revetments and floors will be the focus of this paper. The paper will use the now well-established method of architectural energetics—the quantification of architectural remains in terms of the labour force involved—to determine the overall labour ‘cost’ of the pavilion’s decoration. The time-labour figures for individual tasks will be derived from G. Pegoretti’s manual, first published in the 1840s, and now the standard source for architectural energetics focused on the city of Rome. The paper will consider the total labour necessary for the installation of all of the forms of wall decoration, which took place in the short period between AD 64 and 68, to draw conclusions about the labour implications for creating ‘imperial luxury’ at a rapid pace. Overall, the paper will use the labour figures generated for Nero’s Oppian Pavilion to evaluate how imperial luxury measured against everyday domestic architecture and if the extravagance levelled against Nero by ancient authors stands-up in terms of labour investment. \n","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59121544/Creating_imperial_luxury_labour_estimates_for_the_painted_and_marble_wall_decoration_of_the_Oppian_Pavilion_of_Nero_s_Domus_Aurea","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-20T07:44:54.862-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":37014083,"work_id":59121544,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":21631875,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"f***a@live.com","affiliation":"Università Degli Studi Di Verona","display_order":0,"name":"Francesca Bologna","title":"Creating imperial luxury: labour estimates for the painted and marble wall decoration of the Oppian Pavilion of Nero’s Domus Aurea"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73207230,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73207230/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Programa_Italy.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73207230/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Creating_imperial_luxury_labour_estimate.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73207230/Programa_Italy-libre.pdf?1634744261=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCreating_imperial_luxury_labour_estimate.pdf\u0026Expires=1743580643\u0026Signature=fSJ8nK2ebF1yH6S2tZfea82VxbUIk-LeTmsrLUoKt4PVjLRCix5a7w8JwzlNRfxtDj-6JbOpYGqJFu1GTJ6qOoVbdkhQ0~rrwGscVkTbJC4on87ivuKElE1WeXnsYIGV~L0~ZcoCpV5MfaPB4Rry1XR5BSqUTL8UydIEJ1SggnGCJ4-fV0Wt58kssi6zj7cNWiPzVnl1ZlXv3CWp8FiFNhu5CsqkUTW4zopwCnxgMmc3nIb0JFlFt6kJyaYmztdcwuONPhJLhd~wxcf4ZWXYexZADRkTe7~zajK5Z~cAQXbfpB9Ml4HYwHlaSnzp~hcABL4SidTATf9weAgO-zi7bA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Creating_imperial_luxury_labour_estimates_for_the_painted_and_marble_wall_decoration_of_the_Oppian_Pavilion_of_Nero_s_Domus_Aurea","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"es","content_type":"Work","summary":"The Domus Aurea (Golden House) was the emperor Nero’s luxurious imperial palace. 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The paper will use the now well-established method of architectural energetics—the quantification of architectural remains in terms of the labour force involved—to determine the overall labour ‘cost’ of the pavilion’s decoration. The time-labour figures for individual tasks will be derived from G. Pegoretti’s manual, first published in the 1840s, and now the standard source for architectural energetics focused on the city of Rome. The paper will consider the total labour necessary for the installation of all of the forms of wall decoration, which took place in the short period between AD 64 and 68, to draw conclusions about the labour implications for creating ‘imperial luxury’ at a rapid pace. 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In the case of man-made objects and architectur...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Material is the substance of the world of things. In the case of man-made objects and architecture, materiality is an inherent aspect of their function, aesthetics, and semantics. Consequently, the choice of specific materials can be considered an important feature of design. From an ancient perspective, the choice of appropriate materials was of primary importance. Ancient sources reflect a general recognition of materiality as an aesthetically perceived, semantically loaded and functionally bonded category. To date, this complex comprehension of the material world has not been adequately represented in archaeological research. The ambition of the colloquium Materiality as Decor is to focus on the decorative use of material in relation to the qualities of aesthetics, semantics and function.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="906b7a45941e345611ec6987c1015f2f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":63538621,"asset_id":42075638,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63538621/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="42075638"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42075638"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42075638; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42075638]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42075638]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42075638; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='42075638']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "906b7a45941e345611ec6987c1015f2f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=42075638]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":42075638,"title":"Materiality as DECOR_Programme","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Material is the substance of the world of things. 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is the substance of the world of things. 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Materiality and perception in central Italy during the first century AD" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Marble wall revetment. Materiality and perception in central Italy during the first century AD</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59121991"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59121991"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59121991; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59121991]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59121991]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59121991; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59121991']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59121991]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59121991,"title":"Marble wall revetment. 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Materiality as a Category of Decor: aesthetics, semantics, and functions,","event_date":{"day":4,"month":6,"year":2020,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":6,"month":6,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59121991/Marble_wall_revetment_Materiality_and_perception_in_central_Italy_during_the_first_century_AD","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-20T07:49:37.144-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Marble_wall_revetment_Materiality_and_perception_in_central_Italy_during_the_first_century_AD","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-59121991-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39708413"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39708413/Beyond_the_manuals_historic_building_accounts_as_a_source_for_architectural_energetics"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Beyond the manuals: historic building accounts as a source for architectural energetics" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60383449/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39708413/Beyond_the_manuals_historic_building_accounts_as_a_source_for_architectural_energetics">Beyond the manuals: historic building accounts as a source for architectural energetics</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour went into the production of archit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour went into the production of architectural stone-work for ancient building projects, but what can we say about the cost of architectural carving? The most obvious response to this problem, of course, is to think of cost not as a monetary figure but in terms of labour input expressed in man-hours. To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building has made use of 19th-c. building manuals. However, such manuals are not the only basis for understanding the cost and labour requirements of stone carving during the Roman period. This paper highlights alternative comparative data that can be used to better understand the labour involved in stone carving and to complement the data derived from 19th-c. building manuals. This comparative data has been drawn from a variety of sources, including building accounts and modern restoration projects that give the cost or labour times for stone carving. This paper will also explore other aspects detailed in historical sources (and the 19th-c. manuals), such as issues related to site organisation, tool costs, labour division, profit, etc. that have rarely been touched upon in studies of ancient labour requirements but must have ultimately impacted the cost of stone projects. Overall, we aim to show that documentary evidence from pre-Industrial building projects and testimonies from masons on modern restoration projects are important and useful resources for understanding ancient building projects in terms of how they relate to other aspects of the ancient economy and in assessing their broader economic implications.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e8dd22b5bb995c031000af9c94c4fe00" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60383449,"asset_id":39708413,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60383449/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39708413"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39708413"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39708413; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39708413]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39708413]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39708413; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39708413']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e8dd22b5bb995c031000af9c94c4fe00" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39708413]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39708413,"title":"Beyond the manuals: historic building accounts as a source for architectural energetics","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour went into the production of architectural stone-work for ancient building projects, but what can we say about the cost of architectural carving? 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","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":60383449,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60383449/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Oxford_Congress_2020.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60383449/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Beyond_the_manuals_historic_building_acc.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60383449/Oxford_Congress_2020-libre.pdf?1566665621=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DBeyond_the_manuals_historic_building_acc.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622885\u0026Signature=a-El~EdxTUVPiNMBzGSZrAC1pwdkoaclP3eoWCwmcnIBZwOQQAhpwh6MXxbn2l6ePnAHZkpU768H4KE3L92otB7IrwmbZ9cc6uj491DQQxcWV-Wppssd4mJeo2mHwV3xKtGWqgL7eNvyfuy2tAJj9rATyD4inTpctSDaWYSRg7ItBILf1z~AFu~VC-R-nlhLaa7yl1YX7XKBwAm-jqRCGRijoRAgQrh1KNXmFT1r00YmRBQ3rmCnmi8TTIEJqSWejDqVu0aYW9~~g9~JDQ0vRIUuHc~hMihQMZZ1-piD9cV7LSY2kmY0K1z2oWUmTGF0aBUV190SBt2v9LInxbXb9w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39708413-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39301593"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39301593/The_Economics_of_Constructing_Republican_Tombs_the_case_of_Giaus_Cestius_and_his_Pyramid"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Economics of Constructing Republican Tombs: the case of Giaus Cestius and his Pyramid" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/60782439/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39301593/The_Economics_of_Constructing_Republican_Tombs_the_case_of_Giaus_Cestius_and_his_Pyramid">The Economics of Constructing Republican Tombs: the case of Giaus Cestius and his Pyramid</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CourtneyAWard">Courtney A. Ward</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The importance of studying the labour involved in the creation of ancient buildings for placing t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The importance of studying the labour involved in the creation of ancient buildings for placing these structures in their proper social and economic contexts is now well acknowledged; however, the approach has perhaps not been applied as widely as possible to a representative range of different kinds of buildings with mausolea, in particular, standing out as a building form in need of consideration. Given the importance of ostentatious tomb-building during the late Republic it is worth investigating the cost implications for the construction of such monuments. How much of an investment (labour and material) did monumental tomb-projects require? And therefore, what were the economic implications for tombs as a symbol of status? <br />The pyramid of C. Cestius provides an ideal cast study. Located at a prominent intersection of the Via Ostiensis, the pyramid tomb of C. Cestius (12-18 BC) survives almost in its original state. Moreover, the tomb contains an inscription detailing that the construction was completed in 330 days. This case therefore allows us to investigate what this statement implies regarding the labour/material requirements required for such a build and whether this was as impressive a feat as the inscription implies. It also brings into focus the social implications of these large-scale funerary monuments not only for the landscape but also for the economy of Rome.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-39301593-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39301593-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/52287820/figure-1-the-economics-of-constructing-republican-tombs-the"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/60782439/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39301593-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1c2feef78d01f958c4d6b3a55c8ee5c2" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":60782439,"asset_id":39301593,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60782439/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39301593"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39301593"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39301593; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39301593]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39301593]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39301593; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39301593']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1c2feef78d01f958c4d6b3a55c8ee5c2" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39301593]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39301593,"title":"The Economics of Constructing Republican Tombs: the case of Giaus Cestius and his Pyramid","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The importance of studying the labour involved in the creation of ancient buildings for placing these structures in their proper social and economic contexts is now well acknowledged; however, the approach has perhaps not been applied as widely as possible to a representative range of different kinds of buildings with mausolea, in particular, standing out as a building form in need of consideration. 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The aesthetic perceptions evoked by alabaster’s natural hues and colour, further enhanced by polishing, favoured its popularity as a decorative stone both in real and painted forms particularly in Roman architecture. The continued appreciation for this material is further testified by patterns of use and re-use, such as salvaged panels, tiles and columns, in domestic contexts and churches from Late Antiquity through to the Renaissance. However, the historical uses of alabaster suggest that its consumption went beyond aesthetics and that it had a strong underlying symbolic message. Alabaster seems to have possessed an aura of “sacredness” which made it particularly apt for ritual contexts and cultic paraphenalia. “Magical” ritual powers were conferred upon it, particularly those of rebirth and purity, and these appear to have been transferred onto artefacts made from it. The cross-cultural importance and value of calcite alabaster, particularly in ritual contexts, is made apparent by the so-called “Cana wedding jars”, ancient vases salvaged, re-carved and worshipped as sacred relics by Christian rulers in the Early Christian period. The allusion to ‘alabaster’ containers in the Gospels (Matthew 26:7-10; Mark 14:3; Luke 7:37) connected to episodes from Jesus’ life may have further invigorated the symbolism of this stone in Christian imagery. The use and re-use of alabaster, particularly in Early Christian contexts, must be also understood in these terms. The paper presents an overview of the use of this stone from Roman times through to the Renaissance. It will examine the use of alabaster, real and painted, at various sites across the Mediterranean with an emphasis on Italian examples from the Vesuvian area and Rome. Attention will also be given to the symbolic associations of alabaster over time.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c1a3c7ea8bce61121261298ef6ccc2f1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59409391,"asset_id":39163476,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59409391/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39163476"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39163476"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39163476; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39163476]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39163476]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39163476; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39163476']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c1a3c7ea8bce61121261298ef6ccc2f1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39163476]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39163476,"title":"Uses and Symbolism of Alabaster from Antiquity to the Renaissance","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent studies have highlighted that ancient societies across the Mediterranean valued calcite (Oriental) alabaster for its colour, origins and properties. The aesthetic perceptions evoked by alabaster’s natural hues and colour, further enhanced by polishing, favoured its popularity as a decorative stone both in real and painted forms particularly in Roman architecture. The continued appreciation for this material is further testified by patterns of use and re-use, such as salvaged panels, tiles and columns, in domestic contexts and churches from Late Antiquity through to the Renaissance. However, the historical uses of alabaster suggest that its consumption went beyond aesthetics and that it had a strong underlying symbolic message. Alabaster seems to have possessed an aura of “sacredness” which made it particularly apt for ritual contexts and cultic paraphenalia. “Magical” ritual powers were conferred upon it, particularly those of rebirth and purity, and these appear to have been transferred onto artefacts made from it. The cross-cultural importance and value of calcite alabaster, particularly in ritual contexts, is made apparent by the so-called “Cana wedding jars”, ancient vases salvaged, re-carved and worshipped as sacred relics by Christian rulers in the Early Christian period. The allusion to ‘alabaster’ containers in the Gospels (Matthew 26:7-10; Mark 14:3; Luke 7:37) connected to episodes from Jesus’ life may have further invigorated the symbolism of this stone in Christian imagery. The use and re-use of alabaster, particularly in Early Christian contexts, must be also understood in these terms. The paper presents an overview of the use of this stone from Roman times through to the Renaissance. It will examine the use of alabaster, real and painted, at various sites across the Mediterranean with an emphasis on Italian examples from the Vesuvian area and Rome. 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The continued appreciation for this material is further testified by patterns of use and re-use, such as salvaged panels, tiles and columns, in domestic contexts and churches from Late Antiquity through to the Renaissance. However, the historical uses of alabaster suggest that its consumption went beyond aesthetics and that it had a strong underlying symbolic message. Alabaster seems to have possessed an aura of “sacredness” which made it particularly apt for ritual contexts and cultic paraphenalia. “Magical” ritual powers were conferred upon it, particularly those of rebirth and purity, and these appear to have been transferred onto artefacts made from it. The cross-cultural importance and value of calcite alabaster, particularly in ritual contexts, is made apparent by the so-called “Cana wedding jars”, ancient vases salvaged, re-carved and worshipped as sacred relics by Christian rulers in the Early Christian period. The allusion to ‘alabaster’ containers in the Gospels (Matthew 26:7-10; Mark 14:3; Luke 7:37) connected to episodes from Jesus’ life may have further invigorated the symbolism of this stone in Christian imagery. The use and re-use of alabaster, particularly in Early Christian contexts, must be also understood in these terms. The paper presents an overview of the use of this stone from Roman times through to the Renaissance. It will examine the use of alabaster, real and painted, at various sites across the Mediterranean with an emphasis on Italian examples from the Vesuvian area and Rome. 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The cross-cultural importance and value of calcite alabaster, particularly in ritual contexts, is made apparent by the so-called “Cana wedding jars”, ancient vases salvaged, re-carved and worshipped as sacred relics by Christian rulers in the Early Christian period. The allusion to ‘alabaster’ containers in the Gospels (Matthew 26:7-10; Mark 14:3; Luke 7:37) connected to episodes from Jesus’ life may have further invigorated the symbolism of this stone in Christian imagery. The use and re-use of alabaster, particularly in Early Christian contexts, must be also understood in these terms. The paper presents an overview of the use of this stone from Roman times through to the Renaissance. It will examine the use of alabaster, real and painted, at various sites across the Mediterranean with an emphasis on Italian examples from the Vesuvian area and Rome. Attention will also be given to the symbolic associations of alabaster over time.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59409391,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59409391/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Program_Short.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59409391/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Uses_and_Symbolism_of_Alabaster_from_Ant.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59409391/Program_Short-libre.pdf?1558961054=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUses_and_Symbolism_of_Alabaster_from_Ant.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645466\u0026Signature=JjaMgZmq4al-eUlra3Q4YcjbfYY5~U0Dx4n1PnRKi9x~kB65JjKUnloX0XMtvNN57Jm~XEJOPwE4IkIfNIL8v-HI2~SAJYNod5I3Cj6mETy3nKkfGx5wW4Kqvn8qmuxZDG4UUBhIlymXwLERMM8aU5VAjlmoph11yPhwq0Oi6aSF8Ut9CQ~RkJ8te0aTC-dh7OP6Pgs8Qj71KcokC~o1aTYSIGFEmy6TU3hfXuIBGLTYe2o~WR7TkEc47Ok0jHPdbb6BjK68D6Nb~3OYsMWObd0RDE-adgY6GeYj~AhNgBCqopUj12I~pC~oTrdtdyMpfWCB1IbwFstk22KGpk8mWA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":11076,"name":"Late Antiquity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Antiquity"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39163476-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39162785"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39162785/Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods_and_Quarry_Data"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Ancient Alabaster, New Provenance Methods and Quarry Data" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369909/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39162785/Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods_and_Quarry_Data">Ancient Alabaster, New Provenance Methods and Quarry Data</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://icac.academia.edu/SimonaPerna">Simona Perna</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://unibe-ch.academia.edu/IgorMVilla">Igor M Villa</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Alabaster, geologically labelled onyx marble, calcitic-alabaster or travertine, was one of the mo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Alabaster, geologically labelled onyx marble, calcitic-alabaster or travertine, was one of the most valued ornamental stones in the Roman period. The study of its use, however, remains problematic due to two interrelated issues: the incomplete knowledge of all alabaster sources alongside the shortage of specific studies on their archaeometric characterization and the fact that only a few samples have been analysed and provenanced. While much work has been done over the last decade, including numerous papers presented at ASMOSIA (Barbieri et al. 2002; Bruno 2002; Çolak, Lazzarini 2002; Lazzarini et al. 2012; Herrmann Jr. et al. 2012; Scardozzi 2012; Barker et al. 2018), the establishment of a reliable methodology for provenancing and the collection of detailed quarry data sets are still needed. The on-going project, 'Alabaster:' Quarrying and Trade in the Roman World, seeks to contribute to the discussion by building quarry datasets and promoting novel scientific methods for provenancing alabaster artefacts. For example, previous testing of Egyptian, North African, Turkish, Cretan and Italian alabasters (Antonelli et al. 2010; Barbieri et al. 2002a, 2002b; Çolak, Lazzarini 2002; Lazzarini et al. 2006; 2012; Brilli 2017 et al.) highlighted the importance of strontium-isotope analysis as a method for provenancing calcite-alabaster/travertine. The present authors propose a new methodology based on a quadruple discriminator combining Sr and Pb data, Ba/Mg/Sr element concentration ratios, and oxygen isotope data. The augmentation of quarry datasets to include Pb isotope data as an additional discriminating tool is expected to refine our ability to identify candidate quarries. This paper reports the results of mineropetrographic and isotopic analyses carried out at the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern on a total of 14 quarry samples from four quarries obtained from several sources (J. Harrell: Egypt; J. Herrmann Jr.: North Africa; G. Scardozzi: Hierapolis / Golemezli, Turkey) in addition to those collected by the authors (Italy). The results show that the subsamples were heterogeneous, both isotopically and chemically (one contained practically no lead). In fact, the scale of the hetrogeneity (0.5 cm) confirms that the genetic mechanism that creates alabaster out of calcareous sediments is spatially very irregular and very unpredictable. The analysis suggests that samples from quarries are always likely to present heterogeneous results, and thus overlaps between different quarries will be likely. Mapping out the isotopic and compositional fields of each quarry therefore will require dozens of analyses, rather than a few. Analyzing an artefact will also require multiple subsamples, as the possibility of cm-scale heterogeneities requires establishing a separate field for each artefact.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="61a8c608d7fa7b521eecbdfa2d0c761b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59369909,"asset_id":39162785,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369909/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39162785"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39162785"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39162785; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39162785]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39162785]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39162785; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39162785']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "61a8c608d7fa7b521eecbdfa2d0c761b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39162785]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39162785,"title":"Ancient Alabaster, New Provenance Methods and Quarry Data","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Alabaster, geologically labelled onyx marble, calcitic-alabaster or travertine, was one of the most valued ornamental stones in the Roman period. 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For example, previous testing of Egyptian, North African, Turkish, Cretan and Italian alabasters (Antonelli et al. 2010; Barbieri et al. 2002a, 2002b; Çolak, Lazzarini 2002; Lazzarini et al. 2006; 2012; Brilli 2017 et al.) highlighted the importance of strontium-isotope analysis as a method for provenancing calcite-alabaster/travertine. The present authors propose a new methodology based on a quadruple discriminator combining Sr and Pb data, Ba/Mg/Sr element concentration ratios, and oxygen isotope data. The augmentation of quarry datasets to include Pb isotope data as an additional discriminating tool is expected to refine our ability to identify candidate quarries. This paper reports the results of mineropetrographic and isotopic analyses carried out at the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern on a total of 14 quarry samples from four quarries obtained from several sources (J. Harrell: Egypt; J. Herrmann Jr.: North Africa; G. 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In fact, the scale of the hetrogeneity (0.5 cm) confirms that the genetic mechanism that creates alabaster out of calcareous sediments is spatially very irregular and very unpredictable. The analysis suggests that samples from quarries are always likely to present heterogeneous results, and thus overlaps between different quarries will be likely. Mapping out the isotopic and compositional fields of each quarry therefore will require dozens of analyses, rather than a few. Analyzing an artefact will also require multiple subsamples, as the possibility of cm-scale heterogeneities requires establishing a separate field for each artefact.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39162785/Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods_and_Quarry_Data","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-05-17T07:01:41.019-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":32596274,"work_id":39162785,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":197969,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Institut Català d'Arqueologia Clàssica","display_order":0,"name":"Simona Perna","title":"Ancient Alabaster, New Provenance Methods and Quarry Data"},{"id":32596275,"work_id":39162785,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":21106046,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***r@geo.unibe.ch","affiliation":"Bern University","display_order":4194304,"name":"Igor M Villa","title":"Ancient Alabaster, New Provenance Methods and Quarry Data"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59369909,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369909/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Workshop_Program.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369909/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369909/Workshop_Program-libre.pdf?1558628987=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAncient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645466\u0026Signature=YRlvypeUjwOoIRle2n0psjYSotKA3j4j1cyhAH5lUbjyfQ8CDtFzZ3XgxVljcrYdlziUw1DyJ~WSZgqxHhrQ14ORdrdC-TGJn8ZHGQbdfWGKhubUxnAnElIo2mveTeuu4b2cIrYHKW1qSqJnhQZp-IRcXDANeND7ATxxr~~ld7NwcoLruaG0pG-rvARJWVX26lK-LqIUk1K--jtwr2FoxArVvOd3DMOHD56LEaHMO-0KGIDrgYVPVfHkObf7g8xMSQAR8jPL~EkI8mKcBkqzrvLlXjfUo9ywnTbzMgmtZyDBWygXhO7sC4DMhDYrgYU1dcK42uCaINMz6qH6YJU3aA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":59409408,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59409408/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Program_Short.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59409408/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59409408/Program_Short-libre.pdf?1558961053=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAncient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645466\u0026Signature=KtyKCm9oMYk22VXo4ufraciUIxj0-WAoGbJT2g-Y-e1eGFMUcc2jwfcXkpfcZyMaX9cKaQrGgaE8VVlmwwep2YH6Hv4YHiV3nvq30KYrfJWLbrzFi4s-YbF2kE7wQJZMBMqVOSVUFyWPGnkuuQewCeBuSQ1AAMUN40dv5GebBkd9-li8TvfC8D6gS~xtkMPLW-a092obm8OauZhn2tlYqaL5XLufVBf40p6diOxhzRucx9asQzuxykAr9l~pUYYyfwaXKomokBRV2tsUNRU1hkeEEgcufKfl3fa5Mq9lOzmcjcyCc7lza0s3JQysRYFqTp7cPoF6YGE4DtAg5Xxk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods_and_Quarry_Data","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Alabaster, geologically labelled onyx marble, calcitic-alabaster or travertine, was one of the most valued ornamental stones in the Roman period. The study of its use, however, remains problematic due to two interrelated issues: the incomplete knowledge of all alabaster sources alongside the shortage of specific studies on their archaeometric characterization and the fact that only a few samples have been analysed and provenanced. While much work has been done over the last decade, including numerous papers presented at ASMOSIA (Barbieri et al. 2002; Bruno 2002; Çolak, Lazzarini 2002; Lazzarini et al. 2012; Herrmann Jr. et al. 2012; Scardozzi 2012; Barker et al. 2018), the establishment of a reliable methodology for provenancing and the collection of detailed quarry data sets are still needed. The on-going project, 'Alabaster:' Quarrying and Trade in the Roman World, seeks to contribute to the discussion by building quarry datasets and promoting novel scientific methods for provenancing alabaster artefacts. For example, previous testing of Egyptian, North African, Turkish, Cretan and Italian alabasters (Antonelli et al. 2010; Barbieri et al. 2002a, 2002b; Çolak, Lazzarini 2002; Lazzarini et al. 2006; 2012; Brilli 2017 et al.) highlighted the importance of strontium-isotope analysis as a method for provenancing calcite-alabaster/travertine. The present authors propose a new methodology based on a quadruple discriminator combining Sr and Pb data, Ba/Mg/Sr element concentration ratios, and oxygen isotope data. The augmentation of quarry datasets to include Pb isotope data as an additional discriminating tool is expected to refine our ability to identify candidate quarries. This paper reports the results of mineropetrographic and isotopic analyses carried out at the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern on a total of 14 quarry samples from four quarries obtained from several sources (J. Harrell: Egypt; J. Herrmann Jr.: North Africa; G. Scardozzi: Hierapolis / Golemezli, Turkey) in addition to those collected by the authors (Italy). The results show that the subsamples were heterogeneous, both isotopically and chemically (one contained practically no lead). In fact, the scale of the hetrogeneity (0.5 cm) confirms that the genetic mechanism that creates alabaster out of calcareous sediments is spatially very irregular and very unpredictable. The analysis suggests that samples from quarries are always likely to present heterogeneous results, and thus overlaps between different quarries will be likely. Mapping out the isotopic and compositional fields of each quarry therefore will require dozens of analyses, rather than a few. Analyzing an artefact will also require multiple subsamples, as the possibility of cm-scale heterogeneities requires establishing a separate field for each artefact.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59369909,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369909/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Workshop_Program.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369909/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369909/Workshop_Program-libre.pdf?1558628987=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAncient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645466\u0026Signature=YRlvypeUjwOoIRle2n0psjYSotKA3j4j1cyhAH5lUbjyfQ8CDtFzZ3XgxVljcrYdlziUw1DyJ~WSZgqxHhrQ14ORdrdC-TGJn8ZHGQbdfWGKhubUxnAnElIo2mveTeuu4b2cIrYHKW1qSqJnhQZp-IRcXDANeND7ATxxr~~ld7NwcoLruaG0pG-rvARJWVX26lK-LqIUk1K--jtwr2FoxArVvOd3DMOHD56LEaHMO-0KGIDrgYVPVfHkObf7g8xMSQAR8jPL~EkI8mKcBkqzrvLlXjfUo9ywnTbzMgmtZyDBWygXhO7sC4DMhDYrgYU1dcK42uCaINMz6qH6YJU3aA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":59409408,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59409408/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Program_Short.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59409408/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Ancient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59409408/Program_Short-libre.pdf?1558961053=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAncient_Alabaster_New_Provenance_Methods.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645466\u0026Signature=KtyKCm9oMYk22VXo4ufraciUIxj0-WAoGbJT2g-Y-e1eGFMUcc2jwfcXkpfcZyMaX9cKaQrGgaE8VVlmwwep2YH6Hv4YHiV3nvq30KYrfJWLbrzFi4s-YbF2kE7wQJZMBMqVOSVUFyWPGnkuuQewCeBuSQ1AAMUN40dv5GebBkd9-li8TvfC8D6gS~xtkMPLW-a092obm8OauZhn2tlYqaL5XLufVBf40p6diOxhzRucx9asQzuxykAr9l~pUYYyfwaXKomokBRV2tsUNRU1hkeEEgcufKfl3fa5Mq9lOzmcjcyCc7lza0s3JQysRYFqTp7cPoF6YGE4DtAg5Xxk6g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":70455,"name":"Archeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeometry"},{"id":164414,"name":"Roman Marble Quarries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_Quarries"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39162785-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39163024"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39163024/Recycling_in_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Recycling in Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59289797/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39163024/Recycling_in_Late_Antique_houses_and_villas_in_the_western_provinces">Recycling in Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Throughout the course of Late Antiquity, particularly from the third century onwards, cities and ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Throughout the course of Late Antiquity, particularly from the third century onwards, cities and local communities all over the Roman empire increasingly turned to material produced in earlier times for new building projects, both public and private. Recent years have seen much new work on late-antique recycling; however, even with a seemingly clear ‘macro-picture’ of increased recycling across the empire, regional and local pictures remain to be fully determined.  Regional analysis is therefore vital to understanding how recycling developed in different parts of the empire. By discussing several houses and villas from the western provinces (Germania, Gallia, Hispania, and Britannia), the paper seeks to address a number of questions regarding regional differences in recycling during Late Antiquity. Undoubtedly, recycling formed an important part of the interior decoration of late antique villas. Older sculptures or 'hierloom' pieces, for example, were frequently redeployed in new or renovated villas during this period. Recycled material was also often employed in the structural fabric of villas. At Stanwick villa in Northamptonshire (UK) during the late fourth century, for example, at least one and most likely two large monuments were dismantled and their reliefs and architectural pieces were re-used for the construction of the hypocaust and other parts of the villa’s fabric.  Villas, therefore, provide an important opportunity to examine wider questions about recycling, such as how materials were acquired and organized, as well as to better understand legal issues regarding the sourcing of material and the use of public or funerary material in private contexts. Late antique villas also provide a useful point of reference for regional reviews of recycling practices. Moreover, they provide a useful setting in which to compare both the importance and extent of recycling for patrons of late antique construction projects. Overall, this paper will provide new insights into the recycling of material during Late Antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-39163024-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39163024-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/17191500/figure-1-recycling-in-late-antique-houses-and-villas-in-the"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/59289797/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-39163024-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="848b575b961a99e7a896f01cb305c50d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59289797,"asset_id":39163024,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59289797/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39163024"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39163024"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39163024; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39163024]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39163024]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39163024; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39163024']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "848b575b961a99e7a896f01cb305c50d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39163024]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39163024,"title":"Recycling in Late Antique houses and villas in the western provinces","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Throughout the course of Late Antiquity, particularly from the third century onwards, cities and local communities all over the Roman empire increasingly turned to material produced in earlier times for new building projects, both public and private. Recent years have seen much new work on late-antique recycling; however, even with a seemingly clear ‘macro-picture’ of increased recycling across the empire, regional and local pictures remain to be fully determined. Regional analysis is therefore vital to understanding how recycling developed in different parts of the empire. By discussing several houses and villas from the western provinces (Germania, Gallia, Hispania, and Britannia), the paper seeks to address a number of questions regarding regional differences in recycling during Late Antiquity. Undoubtedly, recycling formed an important part of the interior decoration of late antique villas. Older sculptures or 'hierloom' pieces, for example, were frequently redeployed in new or renovated villas during this period. Recycled material was also often employed in the structural fabric of villas. At Stanwick villa in Northamptonshire (UK) during the late fourth century, for example, at least one and most likely two large monuments were dismantled and their reliefs and architectural pieces were re-used for the construction of the hypocaust and other parts of the villa’s fabric. Villas, therefore, provide an important opportunity to examine wider questions about recycling, such as how materials were acquired and organized, as well as to better understand legal issues regarding the sourcing of material and the use of public or funerary material in private contexts. Late antique villas also provide a useful point of reference for regional reviews of recycling practices. Moreover, they provide a useful setting in which to compare both the importance and extent of recycling for patrons of late antique construction projects. Overall, this paper will provide new insights into the recycling of material during Late Antiquity. ","location":"Trier, Germany","more_info":" Interior decorations in the late antique imperial palaces, villas and palatial complexes, one-day workshop","organization":"Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier","conference_end_date":{"day":26,"month":4,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":25,"month":4,"year":2019,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Throughout the course of Late Antiquity, particularly from the third century onwards, cities and local communities all over the Roman empire increasingly turned to material produced in earlier times for new building projects, both public and private. Recent years have seen much new work on late-antique recycling; however, even with a seemingly clear ‘macro-picture’ of increased recycling across the empire, regional and local pictures remain to be fully determined. Regional analysis is therefore vital to understanding how recycling developed in different parts of the empire. By discussing several houses and villas from the western provinces (Germania, Gallia, Hispania, and Britannia), the paper seeks to address a number of questions regarding regional differences in recycling during Late Antiquity. Undoubtedly, recycling formed an important part of the interior decoration of late antique villas. Older sculptures or 'hierloom' pieces, for example, were frequently redeployed in new or renovated villas during this period. Recycled material was also often employed in the structural fabric of villas. At Stanwick villa in Northamptonshire (UK) during the late fourth century, for example, at least one and most likely two large monuments were dismantled and their reliefs and architectural pieces were re-used for the construction of the hypocaust and other parts of the villa’s fabric. Villas, therefore, provide an important opportunity to examine wider questions about recycling, such as how materials were acquired and organized, as well as to better understand legal issues regarding the sourcing of material and the use of public or funerary material in private contexts. Late antique villas also provide a useful point of reference for regional reviews of recycling practices. Moreover, they provide a useful setting in which to compare both the importance and extent of recycling for patrons of late antique construction projects. Overall, this paper will provide new insights into the recycling of material during Late Antiquity. 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Recent years have seen much new work on late-antique recycling; however, even with a seemingly clear ‘macro-picture’ of increased recycling across the empire, regional and local pictures remain to be fully determined. Regional analysis is therefore vital to understanding how recycling developed in different parts of the empire. By discussing several houses and villas from the western provinces (Germania, Gallia, Hispania, and Britannia), the paper seeks to address a number of questions regarding regional differences in recycling during Late Antiquity. Undoubtedly, recycling formed an important part of the interior decoration of late antique villas. Older sculptures or 'hierloom' pieces, for example, were frequently redeployed in new or renovated villas during this period. Recycled material was also often employed in the structural fabric of villas. At Stanwick villa in Northamptonshire (UK) during the late fourth century, for example, at least one and most likely two large monuments were dismantled and their reliefs and architectural pieces were re-used for the construction of the hypocaust and other parts of the villa’s fabric. Villas, therefore, provide an important opportunity to examine wider questions about recycling, such as how materials were acquired and organized, as well as to better understand legal issues regarding the sourcing of material and the use of public or funerary material in private contexts. Late antique villas also provide a useful point of reference for regional reviews of recycling practices. Moreover, they provide a useful setting in which to compare both the importance and extent of recycling for patrons of late antique construction projects. Overall, this paper will provide new insights into the recycling of material during Late Antiquity. 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Its role therefore in our understanding of the transformation of the urban fabric of ancient cities towards the end of Antiquity, which saw the gradual ruin and dismantling of no longer used monuments, cannot be underestimated.  This paper examines questions about recycling of statues and spolia in the building and sculptural economy of Late Antiquity, leading to an increased understanding of the cultural changes that characterized late-antique spolia-use. The paper addresses various approaches to the economic importance of and rationale behind the re-use of statuary and other sculpted material in Late Antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d1b54574ca4ebfe8064e067d586a424b" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59287760,"asset_id":39162356,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59287760/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39162356"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39162356"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39162356; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39162356]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39162356]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39162356; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39162356']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d1b54574ca4ebfe8064e067d586a424b" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39162356]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39162356,"title":"The Recycled Statue in Late Antiquity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The practice of recycling also closely relates to the fate of cities during Late Antiquity, which has been the topic of important debate Spolia was used in all types of monuments, including new building types like churches and city walls. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37640197-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37229191"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/37229191/Marble_and_movement_the_spatial_distribution_of_marble_in_insert_pavements_in_the_houses_around_vesuvius"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Marble and movement: the spatial distribution of marble in insert pavements in the houses around vesuvius" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Marble and movement: the spatial distribution of marble in insert pavements in the houses around vesuvius</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://vubirelec.academia.edu/DeviTaelman">Devi Taelman</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This paper presents the first results of the research project 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' be...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This paper presents the first results of the research project 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' begun in 2014, whose central aim is to provide the first comprehensive study of elite marble use in Roman sites around Vesuvius (Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae). The project aims to document completely all instances of polychrome marble use in the houses of this area, which offer a rich source of information due to the state of preservation at these sites. This paper focuses on one aspect of this on-going research - the spatial distribution of marble varieties within insert pavements. In particular, we focus on the ways in which marble placement acted as a visual cue and aided in the movement of people throughout the spaces that they decorated. As such, this paper presents results of the documentation of seventy-nine well-preserved pavements with marble inserts roughly dating from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD (79 AD) from Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae. <br /><br />Most major studies on marble pavements are devoted to classification, dating and the evolution of decorative motifs over time, but the materials employed are often addressed only cursorily. The overall quantification of marble types and sizes is rarely, if ever, noted. While these studies do note the correlation between these pavements and certain room types, the full impact of marble placement has not been addressed. The 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' project, and by extension this paper, is concerned with the spatial position of marble varieties within insert pavements and how that position relates to each pavement’s specific context, such as the placement of entrances and windows. Moreover, through a careful spatial analysis it is possible to understand how the layout of marble inserts changes based on room function and, consequently, what this can tell us about how these designs functioned both physically and socially. <br /><br />In order to accomplish these goals, the current authors have utilized a new method for documenting and analysing marble insert pavements. The documentation implements an image-based modelling technique that allows for a fast, effective, low-cost and accurate recording. This technique allows for the generation of geometrically-corrected orthophotographs, which can be used to create detailed plans that cannot be obtained using manual recording techniques. These datasets can then be combined in a spatial database for in-depth statistical analyses of the location and distribution of individual marble types in insert pavements. The results of this method have allowed us to demonstrate that marble placement in Roman insert pavements was not random. The preliminary results of the current project suggest that the intentional placement of marble inserts acted as a guiding element in Roman houses, chosen to suit the varying functions of individual spaces. Overall, this paper further emphasises the importance of marble decoration in Roman society.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37229191"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37229191"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37229191; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37229191]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37229191]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37229191; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37229191']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37229191]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37229191,"title":"Marble and movement: the spatial distribution of marble in insert pavements in the houses around vesuvius","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This paper presents the first results of the research project 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' begun in 2014, whose central aim is to provide the first comprehensive study of elite marble use in Roman sites around Vesuvius (Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae). The project aims to document completely all instances of polychrome marble use in the houses of this area, which offer a rich source of information due to the state of preservation at these sites. This paper focuses on one aspect of this on-going research - the spatial distribution of marble varieties within insert pavements. In particular, we focus on the ways in which marble placement acted as a visual cue and aided in the movement of people throughout the spaces that they decorated. As such, this paper presents results of the documentation of seventy-nine well-preserved pavements with marble inserts roughly dating from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD (79 AD) from Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae. \n\nMost major studies on marble pavements are devoted to classification, dating and the evolution of decorative motifs over time, but the materials employed are often addressed only cursorily. The overall quantification of marble types and sizes is rarely, if ever, noted. While these studies do note the correlation between these pavements and certain room types, the full impact of marble placement has not been addressed. The 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' project, and by extension this paper, is concerned with the spatial position of marble varieties within insert pavements and how that position relates to each pavement’s specific context, such as the placement of entrances and windows. Moreover, through a careful spatial analysis it is possible to understand how the layout of marble inserts changes based on room function and, consequently, what this can tell us about how these designs functioned both physically and socially. \n\nIn order to accomplish these goals, the current authors have utilized a new method for documenting and analysing marble insert pavements. The documentation implements an image-based modelling technique that allows for a fast, effective, low-cost and accurate recording. This technique allows for the generation of geometrically-corrected orthophotographs, which can be used to create detailed plans that cannot be obtained using manual recording techniques. These datasets can then be combined in a spatial database for in-depth statistical analyses of the location and distribution of individual marble types in insert pavements. The results of this method have allowed us to demonstrate that marble placement in Roman insert pavements was not random. The preliminary results of the current project suggest that the intentional placement of marble inserts acted as a guiding element in Roman houses, chosen to suit the varying functions of individual spaces. Overall, this paper further emphasises the importance of marble decoration in Roman society.\n","location":"Dokuz Eylül University in İzmir, Turkey","organization":"ASMOSIA XII - Association for the Study of Marble \u0026 Other Stones in Antiquity XII. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE","conference_end_date":{"day":14,"month":10,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"This paper presents the first results of the research project 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' begun in 2014, whose central aim is to provide the first comprehensive study of elite marble use in Roman sites around Vesuvius (Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae). The project aims to document completely all instances of polychrome marble use in the houses of this area, which offer a rich source of information due to the state of preservation at these sites. This paper focuses on one aspect of this on-going research - the spatial distribution of marble varieties within insert pavements. In particular, we focus on the ways in which marble placement acted as a visual cue and aided in the movement of people throughout the spaces that they decorated. As such, this paper presents results of the documentation of seventy-nine well-preserved pavements with marble inserts roughly dating from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD (79 AD) from Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae. \n\nMost major studies on marble pavements are devoted to classification, dating and the evolution of decorative motifs over time, but the materials employed are often addressed only cursorily. The overall quantification of marble types and sizes is rarely, if ever, noted. While these studies do note the correlation between these pavements and certain room types, the full impact of marble placement has not been addressed. The 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' project, and by extension this paper, is concerned with the spatial position of marble varieties within insert pavements and how that position relates to each pavement’s specific context, such as the placement of entrances and windows. Moreover, through a careful spatial analysis it is possible to understand how the layout of marble inserts changes based on room function and, consequently, what this can tell us about how these designs functioned both physically and socially. \n\nIn order to accomplish these goals, the current authors have utilized a new method for documenting and analysing marble insert pavements. The documentation implements an image-based modelling technique that allows for a fast, effective, low-cost and accurate recording. This technique allows for the generation of geometrically-corrected orthophotographs, which can be used to create detailed plans that cannot be obtained using manual recording techniques. These datasets can then be combined in a spatial database for in-depth statistical analyses of the location and distribution of individual marble types in insert pavements. The results of this method have allowed us to demonstrate that marble placement in Roman insert pavements was not random. The preliminary results of the current project suggest that the intentional placement of marble inserts acted as a guiding element in Roman houses, chosen to suit the varying functions of individual spaces. 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In particular, we focus on the ways in which marble placement acted as a visual cue and aided in the movement of people throughout the spaces that they decorated. As such, this paper presents results of the documentation of seventy-nine well-preserved pavements with marble inserts roughly dating from the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD (79 AD) from Herculaneum, Oplontis, Pompeii and Stabiae. \n\nMost major studies on marble pavements are devoted to classification, dating and the evolution of decorative motifs over time, but the materials employed are often addressed only cursorily. The overall quantification of marble types and sizes is rarely, if ever, noted. While these studies do note the correlation between these pavements and certain room types, the full impact of marble placement has not been addressed. The 'Marble and the Vesuvian Cities' project, and by extension this paper, is concerned with the spatial position of marble varieties within insert pavements and how that position relates to each pavement’s specific context, such as the placement of entrances and windows. Moreover, through a careful spatial analysis it is possible to understand how the layout of marble inserts changes based on room function and, consequently, what this can tell us about how these designs functioned both physically and socially. \n\nIn order to accomplish these goals, the current authors have utilized a new method for documenting and analysing marble insert pavements. The documentation implements an image-based modelling technique that allows for a fast, effective, low-cost and accurate recording. This technique allows for the generation of geometrically-corrected orthophotographs, which can be used to create detailed plans that cannot be obtained using manual recording techniques. These datasets can then be combined in a spatial database for in-depth statistical analyses of the location and distribution of individual marble types in insert pavements. The results of this method have allowed us to demonstrate that marble placement in Roman insert pavements was not random. The preliminary results of the current project suggest that the intentional placement of marble inserts acted as a guiding element in Roman houses, chosen to suit the varying functions of individual spaces. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37229191-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39210366"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/39210366/The_late_Roman_city_wall_of_London_in_its_British_and_Continental_context"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The late Roman city wall of London in its British and Continental context" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">The late Roman city wall of London in its British and Continental context</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39210366"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39210366"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39210366; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39210366]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39210366]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39210366; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39210366']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-39210366-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34621425"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/34621425/Historical_sources_and_approaches_to_ancient_labour_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Historical sources and approaches to ancient labour costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Historical sources and approaches to ancient labour costs</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building practices has mad...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building practices has made use of 19th-c. building manuals, especially G. Pegoretti’s 1869 ‘Manuale practico per l’estimazione dei lavori architettonici’. Pegoretti aims to give labour totals for every single task imaginable and, in the case of stone-working, for every stone type (seventy-eight in total). Even though Pegoretti’s manual has become the standard reference point for any discussion of stone-working logistics, it is far from unique having followed a well-established tradition. Alongside Pegoretti’s manual are a host of other manuals (Italian, French, British and American) that can usefully be brought into this discussion. <br /> <br />The potential of post-antique documentary evidence to enhance our understanding of the logistics of Roman building has been evident since Janet DeLaine’s 1997 ground-breaking study of the design and construction of the Baths of Caracalla. However, the data provided in building manuals needs to be treated with caution, not least because the manuals can be confusing, the language archaic, and the explanations limited at best. Thus while we have labour constants for a variety of ancient construction projects, applying them is the real challenge. The issue with these sources is knowing which sets of figures to use for particular construction activities in the ancient world - not every project would have required all of the steps provided in the 19th-c. manuals. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to explore these issues and examine the potential and the pitfalls to using 19th-c. building manuals to examine the labour requirements for ancient construction with an emphasis on the tasks involved in stone-working and the cost of stone architectural decoration. Overall this paper will provide new insight into the logistics of stone-working practices during the Roman period and an evaluation of 19th-c. manuals through an examination of post-antique sources.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34621425"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34621425"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34621425; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34621425]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34621425]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34621425; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34621425']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34621425]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34621425,"title":"Historical sources and approaches to ancient labour costs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building practices has made use of 19th-c. building manuals, especially G. 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Overall this paper will provide new insight into the logistics of stone-working practices during the Roman period and an evaluation of 19th-c. manuals through an examination of post-antique sources. ","location":"Edinburgh, 12th -14th April 2018","more_info":"Session 3D: Quantifying Public Construction: Figure Labour, Territory exploitation and Cost of production ","organization":"TRAC 2018 (Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference) "},"translated_abstract":"To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building practices has made use of 19th-c. building manuals, especially G. Pegoretti’s 1869 ‘Manuale practico per l’estimazione dei lavori architettonici’. Pegoretti aims to give labour totals for every single task imaginable and, in the case of stone-working, for every stone type (seventy-eight in total). Even though Pegoretti’s manual has become the standard reference point for any discussion of stone-working logistics, it is far from unique having followed a well-established tradition. Alongside Pegoretti’s manual are a host of other manuals (Italian, French, British and American) that can usefully be brought into this discussion.\r\n\r\nThe potential of post-antique documentary evidence to enhance our understanding of the logistics of Roman building has been evident since Janet DeLaine’s 1997 ground-breaking study of the design and construction of the Baths of Caracalla. However, the data provided in building manuals needs to be treated with caution, not least because the manuals can be confusing, the language archaic, and the explanations limited at best. Thus while we have labour constants for a variety of ancient construction projects, applying them is the real challenge. The issue with these sources is knowing which sets of figures to use for particular construction activities in the ancient world - not every project would have required all of the steps provided in the 19th-c. manuals. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to explore these issues and examine the potential and the pitfalls to using 19th-c. building manuals to examine the labour requirements for ancient construction with an emphasis on the tasks involved in stone-working and the cost of stone architectural decoration. Overall this paper will provide new insight into the logistics of stone-working practices during the Roman period and an evaluation of 19th-c. manuals through an examination of post-antique sources. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34621425/Historical_sources_and_approaches_to_ancient_labour_costs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-20T09:45:14.289-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Historical_sources_and_approaches_to_ancient_labour_costs","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"To-date, a considerable amount of research on the economics of ancient building practices has made use of 19th-c. building manuals, especially G. Pegoretti’s 1869 ‘Manuale practico per l’estimazione dei lavori architettonici’. Pegoretti aims to give labour totals for every single task imaginable and, in the case of stone-working, for every stone type (seventy-eight in total). Even though Pegoretti’s manual has become the standard reference point for any discussion of stone-working logistics, it is far from unique having followed a well-established tradition. Alongside Pegoretti’s manual are a host of other manuals (Italian, French, British and American) that can usefully be brought into this discussion.\r\n\r\nThe potential of post-antique documentary evidence to enhance our understanding of the logistics of Roman building has been evident since Janet DeLaine’s 1997 ground-breaking study of the design and construction of the Baths of Caracalla. However, the data provided in building manuals needs to be treated with caution, not least because the manuals can be confusing, the language archaic, and the explanations limited at best. Thus while we have labour constants for a variety of ancient construction projects, applying them is the real challenge. The issue with these sources is knowing which sets of figures to use for particular construction activities in the ancient world - not every project would have required all of the steps provided in the 19th-c. manuals. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to explore these issues and examine the potential and the pitfalls to using 19th-c. building manuals to examine the labour requirements for ancient construction with an emphasis on the tasks involved in stone-working and the cost of stone architectural decoration. Overall this paper will provide new insight into the logistics of stone-working practices during the Roman period and an evaluation of 19th-c. manuals through an examination of post-antique sources. ","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":91755,"name":"Energetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energetics"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":412998,"name":"Theoretical Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":1167305,"name":"Roman Construction Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Construction_Techniques"}],"urls":[{"id":8770796,"url":"http://www.aiac2018.de/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-34621425-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33848708"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/33848708/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour were needed for architectural ston...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour were needed for architectural stone-work in ancient building projects – but what can we say about the cost? Occasionally costs are preserved, but this is rare, making any comparison difficult. One response to this problem, of course, is to think of cost not as a monetary figure but in terms of labour input expressed in man-hours. The barrier, however, is the lack of recorded labour figures for construction in the Roman world. <br /> <br />To-date, research on the economics of ancient building has made use of 19th-c. building manuals. In a 2009 paper, delivered in Paris, the present authors sought to check the validity of figures for ancient Roman stone-working calculated from 19th-c. building manuals. Through the use of pre-industrial documentary evidence and testimonies from modern stone masons, we reaffirmed the utility of such analyses of the economic implications of Roman stone-working. <br /> <br />This paper will provide further insight into the economics of stone-working practices during the Roman period through the further use of 19th-c. manuals. It will demonstrate their potential application to look at the ‘cost’ and economic implications of different types of architectural stonework. This will be accomplished by examining the labour differentials of various types of stonework from walling to detailed carving, in order to establish ratios of cost and therefore the economic repercussions of different architectural stone.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33848708"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33848708"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33848708; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33848708]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33848708]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33848708; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33848708']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=33848708]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":33848708,"title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour were needed for architectural stone-work in ancient building projects – but what can we say about the cost? Occasionally costs are preserved, but this is rare, making any comparison difficult. One response to this problem, of course, is to think of cost not as a monetary figure but in terms of labour input expressed in man-hours. The barrier, however, is the lack of recorded labour figures for construction in the Roman world. \r\n\r\nTo-date, research on the economics of ancient building has made use of 19th-c. building manuals. In a 2009 paper, delivered in Paris, the present authors sought to check the validity of figures for ancient Roman stone-working calculated from 19th-c. building manuals. Through the use of pre-industrial documentary evidence and testimonies from modern stone masons, we reaffirmed the utility of such analyses of the economic implications of Roman stone-working.\r\n\r\nThis paper will provide further insight into the economics of stone-working practices during the Roman period through the further use of 19th-c. manuals. It will demonstrate their potential application to look at the ‘cost’ and economic implications of different types of architectural stonework. This will be accomplished by examining the labour differentials of various types of stonework from walling to detailed carving, in order to establish ratios of cost and therefore the economic repercussions of different architectural stone.","location":"Cologne/Bonn, Germany ","more_info":"Panel 3.24: Quantifying Ancient building economy, 22-26, May 2018.","organization":"19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology"},"translated_abstract":"There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour were needed for architectural stone-work in ancient building projects – but what can we say about the cost? Occasionally costs are preserved, but this is rare, making any comparison difficult. One response to this problem, of course, is to think of cost not as a monetary figure but in terms of labour input expressed in man-hours. The barrier, however, is the lack of recorded labour figures for construction in the Roman world. \r\n\r\nTo-date, research on the economics of ancient building has made use of 19th-c. building manuals. In a 2009 paper, delivered in Paris, the present authors sought to check the validity of figures for ancient Roman stone-working calculated from 19th-c. building manuals. Through the use of pre-industrial documentary evidence and testimonies from modern stone masons, we reaffirmed the utility of such analyses of the economic implications of Roman stone-working.\r\n\r\nThis paper will provide further insight into the economics of stone-working practices during the Roman period through the further use of 19th-c. manuals. It will demonstrate their potential application to look at the ‘cost’ and economic implications of different types of architectural stonework. This will be accomplished by examining the labour differentials of various types of stonework from walling to detailed carving, in order to establish ratios of cost and therefore the economic repercussions of different architectural stone.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33848708/Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-07-11T10:14:51.466-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":29686703,"work_id":33848708,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":2793534,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"b***4@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Edinburgh","display_order":0,"name":"Ben Russell","title":"Historical sources, labour figures and ancient stone working costs"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Historical_sources_labour_figures_and_ancient_stone_working_costs","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"There can be little doubt that huge amounts of time and labour were needed for architectural stone-work in ancient building projects – but what can we say about the cost? Occasionally costs are preserved, but this is rare, making any comparison difficult. One response to this problem, of course, is to think of cost not as a monetary figure but in terms of labour input expressed in man-hours. The barrier, however, is the lack of recorded labour figures for construction in the Roman world. \r\n\r\nTo-date, research on the economics of ancient building has made use of 19th-c. building manuals. In a 2009 paper, delivered in Paris, the present authors sought to check the validity of figures for ancient Roman stone-working calculated from 19th-c. building manuals. Through the use of pre-industrial documentary evidence and testimonies from modern stone masons, we reaffirmed the utility of such analyses of the economic implications of Roman stone-working.\r\n\r\nThis paper will provide further insight into the economics of stone-working practices during the Roman period through the further use of 19th-c. manuals. It will demonstrate their potential application to look at the ‘cost’ and economic implications of different types of architectural stonework. This will be accomplished by examining the labour differentials of various types of stonework from walling to detailed carving, in order to establish ratios of cost and therefore the economic repercussions of different architectural stone.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":829,"name":"Roman History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_History"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":39166,"name":"Ancient economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_economy"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":1124762,"name":"Roman Stone Working","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Stone_Working"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-33848708-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="34621323"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/34621323/Re_use_in_Roman_sculpture_beyond_re_worked_portraits_other_forms_of_re_carving_and_recycling"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Re-use in Roman sculpture beyond re-worked portraits: other forms of re-carving and recycling" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Re-use in Roman sculpture beyond re-worked portraits: other forms of re-carving and recycling</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The pervasiveness of re-carving in the Roman world ensured its place as one of the essential skil...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The pervasiveness of re-carving in the Roman world ensured its place as one of the essential skills in the stone carver’s repertoire. To-date studies on re-carving have tended to focus on the re-working of portraits into new likenesses, particularly imperial male portraits as a result of what has become known by the modern name of damnatio memoriae. Although portrait heads provide some of the most compelling evidence for re-carving, Romans re-used sculpted material for a variety of purposes and new objects could cross entire boundaries of sculptural categories. Therefore, in order to assess sculptural production, especially in private contexts, a wider consideration must be given to such pieces.<br /><br />This paper will examine a selection of re-carved stone sculptures (portraits, statues, sarcophagi, reliefs, sculpted architectural blocks) that were transformed into new objects through the practice of re-carving. The corpus investigated is drawn from across the empire during the first five centuries AD. It will explore the forms and varieties of sculptural re-carving, while considering aspects such as the sources of stone for re-carving projects and the sculpting techniques employed in recycling and adapting existing works to new objects. Overall, it will present new information about the supply and the organisation of sculptural production through re-carving and recycling of earlier sculpted stone objects.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="34621323"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34621323"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34621323; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34621323]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34621323]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34621323; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='34621323']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=34621323]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":34621323,"title":"Re-use in Roman sculpture beyond re-worked portraits: other forms of re-carving and recycling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The pervasiveness of re-carving in the Roman world ensured its place as one of the essential skills in the stone carver’s repertoire. To-date studies on re-carving have tended to focus on the re-working of portraits into new likenesses, particularly imperial male portraits as a result of what has become known by the modern name of damnatio memoriae. Although portrait heads provide some of the most compelling evidence for re-carving, Romans re-used sculpted material for a variety of purposes and new objects could cross entire boundaries of sculptural categories. Therefore, in order to assess sculptural production, especially in private contexts, a wider consideration must be given to such pieces.\n\nThis paper will examine a selection of re-carved stone sculptures (portraits, statues, sarcophagi, reliefs, sculpted architectural blocks) that were transformed into new objects through the practice of re-carving. The corpus investigated is drawn from across the empire during the first five centuries AD. It will explore the forms and varieties of sculptural re-carving, while considering aspects such as the sources of stone for re-carving projects and the sculpting techniques employed in recycling and adapting existing works to new objects. Overall, it will present new information about the supply and the organisation of sculptural production through re-carving and recycling of earlier sculpted stone objects.","location":"Cologne/Bonn, Germany","more_info":"Panel: 06.08 Recycling and reuse of sculpture in roman and late antiques times","organization":"19th International Congress of Classical Archaeology"},"translated_abstract":"The pervasiveness of re-carving in the Roman world ensured its place as one of the essential skills in the stone carver’s repertoire. To-date studies on re-carving have tended to focus on the re-working of portraits into new likenesses, particularly imperial male portraits as a result of what has become known by the modern name of damnatio memoriae. Although portrait heads provide some of the most compelling evidence for re-carving, Romans re-used sculpted material for a variety of purposes and new objects could cross entire boundaries of sculptural categories. Therefore, in order to assess sculptural production, especially in private contexts, a wider consideration must be given to such pieces.\n\nThis paper will examine a selection of re-carved stone sculptures (portraits, statues, sarcophagi, reliefs, sculpted architectural blocks) that were transformed into new objects through the practice of re-carving. The corpus investigated is drawn from across the empire during the first five centuries AD. It will explore the forms and varieties of sculptural re-carving, while considering aspects such as the sources of stone for re-carving projects and the sculpting techniques employed in recycling and adapting existing works to new objects. Overall, it will present new information about the supply and the organisation of sculptural production through re-carving and recycling of earlier sculpted stone objects.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34621323/Re_use_in_Roman_sculpture_beyond_re_worked_portraits_other_forms_of_re_carving_and_recycling","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-09-20T09:35:06.977-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Re_use_in_Roman_sculpture_beyond_re_worked_portraits_other_forms_of_re_carving_and_recycling","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The pervasiveness of re-carving in the Roman world ensured its place as one of the essential skills in the stone carver’s repertoire. To-date studies on re-carving have tended to focus on the re-working of portraits into new likenesses, particularly imperial male portraits as a result of what has become known by the modern name of damnatio memoriae. Although portrait heads provide some of the most compelling evidence for re-carving, Romans re-used sculpted material for a variety of purposes and new objects could cross entire boundaries of sculptural categories. Therefore, in order to assess sculptural production, especially in private contexts, a wider consideration must be given to such pieces.\n\nThis paper will examine a selection of re-carved stone sculptures (portraits, statues, sarcophagi, reliefs, sculpted architectural blocks) that were transformed into new objects through the practice of re-carving. The corpus investigated is drawn from across the empire during the first five centuries AD. It will explore the forms and varieties of sculptural re-carving, while considering aspects such as the sources of stone for re-carving projects and the sculpting techniques employed in recycling and adapting existing works to new objects. Overall, it will present new information about the supply and the organisation of sculptural production through re-carving and recycling of earlier sculpted stone objects.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":119014,"name":"Roman Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Art"},{"id":177350,"name":"Reuse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reuse"},{"id":469738,"name":"Greek and Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":8770794,"url":"http://www.aiac2018.de/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-34621323-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="2342752" id="conferenceposters"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92050493"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050493/Real_painted_or_both_A_contextual_analysis_of_the_alabaster_decoration_in_the_Villa_of_the_Mysteries_Pompeii_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Real, painted or both? A contextual analysis of the alabaster decoration in the Villa of the Mysteries (Pompeii)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Real, painted or both? A contextual analysis of the alabaster decoration in the Villa of the Mysteries (Pompeii)</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">By the early imperial period, calcite alabaster was one of the most popular decorative stones use...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">By the early imperial period, calcite alabaster was one of the most popular decorative stones used in domestic contexts, with Egyptian, African, Turkish and Italian varieties coming into use in Roman houses in the Vesuvian area from the mid-1st century BC. The frequency and accuracy of the painted reproductions in 1st-, 2nd- and 4th-Style frescoes mirrored the growing popularity of real Egyptian and non-Egyptian alabaster types (Barker and Perna 2018). However, both real and painted alabasters are rarely found in the same context. At Pompeii, only six out of the 44 houses that presented alabaster contained both real and painted varieties. The Villa of the Mysteries, located in Pompeii’s suburbs, represents a remarkable case in point due to its impressive display of both real and painted alabaster in a single context and its late Republican construction date. <br /> This contribution discusses the real and painted alabaster decorating the Villa of the Mysteries’ most emblematic rooms. The objective is to understand the materials function and aesthetics, as well as possible semantic attributions of alabaster decoration. Huge quantities of real Egyptian and non-Egyptian alabaster inserts decorate many of the villa’s floors (cf. F1-F3, P1-P4, 1, 2, 4, 62). Moreover, a total of six rooms featured several panels of painted alabaster of which four (rooms 3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx. The “Mysteries room” (room 5) contained one of the most realistic painted representations of Turkish alabastro fiorito known from Pompeii, to frame the upper part of the famous Dionysiac scenes. When considered within the overall context of the Villa, the relevance and significance of such an abundant display of alabaster become particularly meaningful. <br /> The Villa represents one of the most grandiose examples of late Republican private architecture and shows close affinities with that of contemporary religious and public buildings in Lazio and Campania (Esposito 2007). It has been suggested that the owner, who remains anonymous, might have been one of Sulla’s high officials who constructed the Villa not long after the deditio of the colony in 80 BC. The sumptuous interior decoration, which included outstanding 2nd-Style wall paintings and pavements, was clearly meant to underline the status and prestige of its owner. The choice of calcite alabaster, one of the earliest polychromes to be imported and used at Pompeii, further enhanced the social value of the villa’s decoration while its painted counterparts added new values to its aesthetics and semantics.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92050493"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92050493"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050493; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050493]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050493; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92050493']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92050493]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92050493,"title":"Real, painted or both? 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The Villa of the Mysteries, located in Pompeii’s suburbs, represents a remarkable case in point due to its impressive display of both real and painted alabaster in a single context and its late Republican construction date. \n\tThis contribution discusses the real and painted alabaster decorating the Villa of the Mysteries’ most emblematic rooms. The objective is to understand the materials function and aesthetics, as well as possible semantic attributions of alabaster decoration. Huge quantities of real Egyptian and non-Egyptian alabaster inserts decorate many of the villa’s floors (cf. F1-F3, P1-P4, 1, 2, 4, 62). Moreover, a total of six rooms featured several panels of painted alabaster of which four (rooms 3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx. The “Mysteries room” (room 5) contained one of the most realistic painted representations of Turkish alabastro fiorito known from Pompeii, to frame the upper part of the famous Dionysiac scenes. 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","location":"Vienna, Austria","more_info":"Poster Session I, ASMOSIA XIII International Conference","organization":"ASMOSIA","conference_end_date":{"day":25,"month":9,"year":2022,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":20,"month":9,"year":2022,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"By the early imperial period, calcite alabaster was one of the most popular decorative stones used in domestic contexts, with Egyptian, African, Turkish and Italian varieties coming into use in Roman houses in the Vesuvian area from the mid-1st century BC. The frequency and accuracy of the painted reproductions in 1st-, 2nd- and 4th-Style frescoes mirrored the growing popularity of real Egyptian and non-Egyptian alabaster types (Barker and Perna 2018). However, both real and painted alabasters are rarely found in the same context. At Pompeii, only six out of the 44 houses that presented alabaster contained both real and painted varieties. 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The Villa of the Mysteries, located in Pompeii’s suburbs, represents a remarkable case in point due to its impressive display of both real and painted alabaster in a single context and its late Republican construction date. \n\tThis contribution discusses the real and painted alabaster decorating the Villa of the Mysteries’ most emblematic rooms. The objective is to understand the materials function and aesthetics, as well as possible semantic attributions of alabaster decoration. Huge quantities of real Egyptian and non-Egyptian alabaster inserts decorate many of the villa’s floors (cf. F1-F3, P1-P4, 1, 2, 4, 62). Moreover, a total of six rooms featured several panels of painted alabaster of which four (rooms 3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx. The “Mysteries room” (room 5) contained one of the most realistic painted representations of Turkish alabastro fiorito known from Pompeii, to frame the upper part of the famous Dionysiac scenes. When considered within the overall context of the Villa, the relevance and significance of such an abundant display of alabaster become particularly meaningful. \n\tThe Villa represents one of the most grandiose examples of late Republican private architecture and shows close affinities with that of contemporary religious and public buildings in Lazio and Campania (Esposito 2007). It has been suggested that the owner, who remains anonymous, might have been one of Sulla’s high officials who constructed the Villa not long after the deditio of the colony in 80 BC. The sumptuous interior decoration, which included outstanding 2nd-Style wall paintings and pavements, was clearly meant to underline the status and prestige of its owner. The choice of calcite alabaster, one of the earliest polychromes to be imported and used at Pompeii, further enhanced the social value of the villa’s decoration while its painted counterparts added new values to its aesthetics and semantics. ","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics"},{"id":263852,"name":"Roman Wall Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Wall_Painting"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-92050493-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="92050298"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/92050298/Comparative_Sources_for_Quarry_Logistics_Workforces_and_Operational_Costs_and_their_Implications_for_Antiquity"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces and Operational Costs and their Implications for Antiquity" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces and Operational Costs and their Implications for Antiquity</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This contribution focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (especially t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This contribution focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (especially the sixteenth-nineteenth centuries) reveal about manpower, animal-power and labour organisation in stone quarries. The implications of these data for understanding how Roman quarries were will be examined. It follows on from previous work presented by B. Russell at ASMOSIA XI, and published in the subsequent volume (D. Matetić Poljak and K. Marasović (eds.), ASMOSIA XI. Interdisciplinary Studies of Ancient Stone, 2018), which examined labour organisation and wages at the imperial quarries of Mons Claudians in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Dokimeion in Phrygia. This poster compares the evidence provided by the ostraka from Mons Claudianus to historical data from a range of marble and other stone quarries, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. Our focus will be on the range of workers (stoneworkers of various specialisms, metal-workers, hauliers, and other specialists), the composition and size of quarry work-teams and their organisation, the logistical importance of animal-use and the economic impact of their maintenance costs, as well as the size of working areas within quarries. Overall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources, coming with the methodology of architectural energetics, to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and their operational costs. The resulting data and organisational-models presented in the poster can then be applied to examine similar questions for Roman quarries.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="92050298"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="92050298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=92050298]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 92050298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='92050298']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=92050298]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":92050298,"title":"Comparative Sources for Quarry Logistics, Workforces and Operational Costs and their Implications for Antiquity","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This contribution focuses on what comparative sources from later historical periods (especially the sixteenth-nineteenth centuries) reveal about manpower, animal-power and labour organisation in stone quarries. 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Our focus will be on the range of workers (stoneworkers of various specialisms, metal-workers, hauliers, and other specialists), the composition and size of quarry work-teams and their organisation, the logistical importance of animal-use and the economic impact of their maintenance costs, as well as the size of working areas within quarries. Overall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources, coming with the methodology of architectural energetics, to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and their operational costs. 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The implications of these data for understanding how Roman quarries were will be examined. It follows on from previous work presented by B. Russell at ASMOSIA XI, and published in the subsequent volume (D. Matetić Poljak and K. Marasović (eds.), ASMOSIA XI. Interdisciplinary Studies of Ancient Stone, 2018), which examined labour organisation and wages at the imperial quarries of Mons Claudians in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Dokimeion in Phrygia. This poster compares the evidence provided by the ostraka from Mons Claudianus to historical data from a range of marble and other stone quarries, including Carrara (Italy) and various sites across Europe and the US. Our focus will be on the range of workers (stoneworkers of various specialisms, metal-workers, hauliers, and other specialists), the composition and size of quarry work-teams and their organisation, the logistical importance of animal-use and the economic impact of their maintenance costs, as well as the size of working areas within quarries. Overall, this contribution employs archaeological and historical sources, coming with the methodology of architectural energetics, to consider vital questions about the relationship between ancient quarry organisation and their operational costs. The resulting data and organisational-models presented in the poster can then be applied to examine similar questions for Roman quarries.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":164414,"name":"Roman Marble Quarries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_Quarries"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-92050298-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37229208"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/37229208/Egyptian_granites_in_and_around_Vesuvian_cities_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Egyptian granites in and around Vesuvian cities’" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Egyptian granites in and around Vesuvian cities’</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">At the time of the eruption of Vesuvian in AD 79 more marble was on display than ever before. Thi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">At the time of the eruption of Vesuvian in AD 79 more marble was on display than ever before. This included the display of new varieties, including Egyptian granites, even if only in extremely small quantities (1 or 2 pieces). These granites were unusual even at Rome in this period, and generally thought to be absent from domestic contexts in the Vesuvian cities.  Work by Fant-Russell-Barker (presented at ASMOSIA X in Rome) showed that eight fragments of Egyptian granites were identified in the marble-clad bars at Herculaneum and Pompeii. At Herculaneum, Bekhen stone from Wadi Hammamat was built into the bar at V.9-10 in Herculaneum. At Pompeii, the green-grey granite della sedia di San Lorenzo from Wadi Umm Wikala was used in the face of the bar at VI.10.1/19.<br /><br />This poster will expand upon that data and present a survey of granite use in houses at Pompeii and Herculaneum. Several new instance of granite use can be identified, such as serpentina verde moschinata from the Wadi Umm Esh in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that was used for inserts in the large mosaic insert pavement in the atrium of the Casa di Umbricius Scaurus at Pompeii (VII.16.15). Overall, this poster will demonstrate that the elites of Pompeii and Herculaneum were engaging in the latest fashions for decorative stone current in the imperial capital and will provide further evidence Roman prospecting activities in Egypt attempting to find new and unusual stones.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37229208"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37229208"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37229208; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37229208]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37229208]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37229208; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37229208']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37229208]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37229208,"title":"Egyptian granites in and around Vesuvian cities’","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"At the time of the eruption of Vesuvian in AD 79 more marble was on display than ever before. This included the display of new varieties, including Egyptian granites, even if only in extremely small quantities (1 or 2 pieces). These granites were unusual even at Rome in this period, and generally thought to be absent from domestic contexts in the Vesuvian cities. Work by Fant-Russell-Barker (presented at ASMOSIA X in Rome) showed that eight fragments of Egyptian granites were identified in the marble-clad bars at Herculaneum and Pompeii. At Herculaneum, Bekhen stone from Wadi Hammamat was built into the bar at V.9-10 in Herculaneum. At Pompeii, the green-grey granite della sedia di San Lorenzo from Wadi Umm Wikala was used in the face of the bar at VI.10.1/19.\n\nThis poster will expand upon that data and present a survey of granite use in houses at Pompeii and Herculaneum. Several new instance of granite use can be identified, such as serpentina verde moschinata from the Wadi Umm Esh in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that was used for inserts in the large mosaic insert pavement in the atrium of the Casa di Umbricius Scaurus at Pompeii (VII.16.15). Overall, this poster will demonstrate that the elites of Pompeii and Herculaneum were engaging in the latest fashions for decorative stone current in the imperial capital and will provide further evidence Roman prospecting activities in Egypt attempting to find new and unusual stones. ","location":"Dokuz Eylül University in İzmir, Turkey","organization":"SMOSIA XII - Association for the Study of Marble \u0026 Other Stones in Antiquity XII. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE","conference_end_date":{"day":14,"month":10,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":8,"month":10,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"At the time of the eruption of Vesuvian in AD 79 more marble was on display than ever before. This included the display of new varieties, including Egyptian granites, even if only in extremely small quantities (1 or 2 pieces). These granites were unusual even at Rome in this period, and generally thought to be absent from domestic contexts in the Vesuvian cities. Work by Fant-Russell-Barker (presented at ASMOSIA X in Rome) showed that eight fragments of Egyptian granites were identified in the marble-clad bars at Herculaneum and Pompeii. At Herculaneum, Bekhen stone from Wadi Hammamat was built into the bar at V.9-10 in Herculaneum. At Pompeii, the green-grey granite della sedia di San Lorenzo from Wadi Umm Wikala was used in the face of the bar at VI.10.1/19.\n\nThis poster will expand upon that data and present a survey of granite use in houses at Pompeii and Herculaneum. Several new instance of granite use can be identified, such as serpentina verde moschinata from the Wadi Umm Esh in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that was used for inserts in the large mosaic insert pavement in the atrium of the Casa di Umbricius Scaurus at Pompeii (VII.16.15). Overall, this poster will demonstrate that the elites of Pompeii and Herculaneum were engaging in the latest fashions for decorative stone current in the imperial capital and will provide further evidence Roman prospecting activities in Egypt attempting to find new and unusual stones. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37229208/Egyptian_granites_in_and_around_Vesuvian_cities_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-08-13T13:24:26.119-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Egyptian_granites_in_and_around_Vesuvian_cities_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"At the time of the eruption of Vesuvian in AD 79 more marble was on display than ever before. This included the display of new varieties, including Egyptian granites, even if only in extremely small quantities (1 or 2 pieces). These granites were unusual even at Rome in this period, and generally thought to be absent from domestic contexts in the Vesuvian cities. Work by Fant-Russell-Barker (presented at ASMOSIA X in Rome) showed that eight fragments of Egyptian granites were identified in the marble-clad bars at Herculaneum and Pompeii. At Herculaneum, Bekhen stone from Wadi Hammamat was built into the bar at V.9-10 in Herculaneum. At Pompeii, the green-grey granite della sedia di San Lorenzo from Wadi Umm Wikala was used in the face of the bar at VI.10.1/19.\n\nThis poster will expand upon that data and present a survey of granite use in houses at Pompeii and Herculaneum. Several new instance of granite use can be identified, such as serpentina verde moschinata from the Wadi Umm Esh in Egypt’s Eastern Desert that was used for inserts in the large mosaic insert pavement in the atrium of the Casa di Umbricius Scaurus at Pompeii (VII.16.15). Overall, this poster will demonstrate that the elites of Pompeii and Herculaneum were engaging in the latest fashions for decorative stone current in the imperial capital and will provide further evidence Roman prospecting activities in Egypt attempting to find new and unusual stones. ","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":27746,"name":"Ancient Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mosaics"},{"id":28331,"name":"Granite (Earth Sciences)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Granite_Earth_Sciences_"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37229208-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="31890772"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/31890772/The_pre_life_and_after_life_of_Roman_tombstones_in_the_Western_Provinces"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The pre-life and after-life of Roman tombstones in the Western Provinces" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">The pre-life and after-life of Roman tombstones in the Western Provinces</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="31890772"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31890772"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31890772; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-31890772-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="20411375"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/20411375/Painted_marble_at_Pompeii_in_relation_to_the_trade_in_real_stones"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Painted marble at Pompeii in relation to the trade in real stones" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Painted marble at Pompeii in relation to the trade in real stones</div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://vubirelec.academia.edu/DeviTaelman">Devi Taelman</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="20411375"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20411375"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20411375; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-20411375-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="20410685"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/20410685/Imitation_alabaster_in_Roman_wall_painting_varieties_and_symbolism"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Imitation alabaster in Roman wall-painting: varieties and symbolism" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59344050/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/20410685/Imitation_alabaster_in_Roman_wall_painting_varieties_and_symbolism">Imitation alabaster in Roman wall-painting: varieties and symbolism</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://icac.academia.edu/SimonaPerna">Simona Perna</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Calcareous alabaster was one of the most valued and sought after decorative stones in the ancient...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Calcareous alabaster was one of the most valued and sought after decorative stones in the ancient world for its variegated hues, gold-shiny polished surface and its symbolic significance. Recent research shows that from the first century BC, the Romans used calcareous alabaster, especially of Egyptian origin, for the production of funerary vase-urns floor tiles, inserts and wall revetments for the interior décor of élite houses. The growing popularity of this stone led to the exploitation of alabaster sources around the Mediterranean from the early imperial period: onyx and banded types from Egypt, fiorito from Asia Minor (Turkey), pecorella from North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and other rare Italian (Latium and Tuscany) varieties. Moreover, the increasing favour met by alabaster was mirrored by its constant reproduction in First-, Second- and Fourth-Style Roman paintings. The high accuracy in the reproduction of the variegated patterning of alabaster, particularly in the Second- and Fourth-Style, reached unprecedented levels. <br /><br />Several houses at Pompeii and Roman villas in the Vesuvian area, such as the Villa of Mysteries (Pompeii), Villa A (Oplontis) and the Villa Arianna (Stabiae), present remarkable examples of painted alabaster. Despite a certain level of “artistic” interpretation, it is possible to recognise the represented varieties as fairly faithful imitations of the most popular Egyptian and non-Egyptian types. For example, Egyptian onyx (cotognino and banded) is widely reproduced in the Second-Style frescoes (60-40 BC) at Villa A (Room 5, 11) and the Villa Arianna (Room 3), while some of those from the Villa of the Mysteries (60 BC) can be arguably identified as non-Egyptian fiorito alabaster. Preliminary results of a survey of painted alabaster carried out by the present authors at Pompeii show that 23 of the 59 houses (including the Villa of the Mysteries), which retain or are known to have had painted imitation marble, contained painted alabaster. At Herculaneum, only one house, the House of the Alcove, features painted imitation of alabaster (in all probability fiorito). We identified the most common varieties of painted alabaster as onyx alabaster (52% of the total) and alabastro fiorito (28%), while 20% remained unidentified due to the poor conservation of the painted surface or because the variety was not clear, especially in First-Style paintings (e.g. House VI.16.26). If we consider the total percentages of alabaster varieties represented during the Second-Style period, the period with the largest number of houses (13) with painted imitations of the stone, we find onyx is the predominant type depicted (7 locations). This ratio corresponds to the volume and popularity of real alabaster attested at Pompeii during this same period. <br />A remarkable case in point is the Villa of the Mysteries, where we record the highest number of painted alabaster examples in a single context. A total of 6 rooms present panels depicting alabaster, 4 of which (3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx, huge quantities of whose real varieties decorate many of the villa’s floors. Triclinium 5, the “Mysteries room,” contained one of the most realistic painted representations of alabastro fiorito from the Vesuvian area, decorating the upper frieze of the famous cycle of paintings depicting Dionysiac rites. The alabastro fiorito can be confidently classified as fiorito from Asia Minor as it presents close similarities with varieties quarried near Hierapolis. The choice of this stone would thus seems to be a way to underline the link with the country of origin of the god of wine, Dionysius/Bacchus, and the related mysteric rites to which the frescoes allude.  <br /><br />Indeed, the settings where painted alabaster appears seem to suggest that its use went beyond aesthetics and that it might have had an underlying symbolic message.  Just like real alabaster, painted imitations of this stone may well have been imbued with symbolism motivated by both the real or imagined link with its country of origin (e.g. Egypt or Asia Minor) and by the “magical” ritual powers, such as that of rebirth, conferred onto it. The poster seeks to demonstrate that painted alabaster, in all its varieties, possessed an aura of “sacredness” and to illustrate the possible reasons behind this through a selection of case studies from the ancient Roman Vesuvian sites.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="ac4fe102469bff45c8d9676748515c12" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59344050,"asset_id":20410685,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59344050/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="20410685"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20410685"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20410685; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20410685]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20410685]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20410685; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='20410685']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "ac4fe102469bff45c8d9676748515c12" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=20410685]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":20410685,"title":"Imitation alabaster in Roman wall-painting: varieties and symbolism","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Calcareous alabaster was one of the most valued and sought after decorative stones in the ancient world for its variegated hues, gold-shiny polished surface and its symbolic significance. Recent research shows that from the first century BC, the Romans used calcareous alabaster, especially of Egyptian origin, for the production of funerary vase-urns floor tiles, inserts and wall revetments for the interior décor of élite houses. The growing popularity of this stone led to the exploitation of alabaster sources around the Mediterranean from the early imperial period: onyx and banded types from Egypt, fiorito from Asia Minor (Turkey), pecorella from North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and other rare Italian (Latium and Tuscany) varieties. Moreover, the increasing favour met by alabaster was mirrored by its constant reproduction in First-, Second- and Fourth-Style Roman paintings. The high accuracy in the reproduction of the variegated patterning of alabaster, particularly in the Second- and Fourth-Style, reached unprecedented levels. \n\nSeveral houses at Pompeii and Roman villas in the Vesuvian area, such as the Villa of Mysteries (Pompeii), Villa A (Oplontis) and the Villa Arianna (Stabiae), present remarkable examples of painted alabaster. Despite a certain level of “artistic” interpretation, it is possible to recognise the represented varieties as fairly faithful imitations of the most popular Egyptian and non-Egyptian types. For example, Egyptian onyx (cotognino and banded) is widely reproduced in the Second-Style frescoes (60-40 BC) at Villa A (Room 5, 11) and the Villa Arianna (Room 3), while some of those from the Villa of the Mysteries (60 BC) can be arguably identified as non-Egyptian fiorito alabaster. Preliminary results of a survey of painted alabaster carried out by the present authors at Pompeii show that 23 of the 59 houses (including the Villa of the Mysteries), which retain or are known to have had painted imitation marble, contained painted alabaster. At Herculaneum, only one house, the House of the Alcove, features painted imitation of alabaster (in all probability fiorito). We identified the most common varieties of painted alabaster as onyx alabaster (52% of the total) and alabastro fiorito (28%), while 20% remained unidentified due to the poor conservation of the painted surface or because the variety was not clear, especially in First-Style paintings (e.g. House VI.16.26). If we consider the total percentages of alabaster varieties represented during the Second-Style period, the period with the largest number of houses (13) with painted imitations of the stone, we find onyx is the predominant type depicted (7 locations). This ratio corresponds to the volume and popularity of real alabaster attested at Pompeii during this same period. \nA remarkable case in point is the Villa of the Mysteries, where we record the highest number of painted alabaster examples in a single context. A total of 6 rooms present panels depicting alabaster, 4 of which (3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx, huge quantities of whose real varieties decorate many of the villa’s floors. Triclinium 5, the “Mysteries room,” contained one of the most realistic painted representations of alabastro fiorito from the Vesuvian area, decorating the upper frieze of the famous cycle of paintings depicting Dionysiac rites. The alabastro fiorito can be confidently classified as fiorito from Asia Minor as it presents close similarities with varieties quarried near Hierapolis. The choice of this stone would thus seems to be a way to underline the link with the country of origin of the god of wine, Dionysius/Bacchus, and the related mysteric rites to which the frescoes allude. \n\nIndeed, the settings where painted alabaster appears seem to suggest that its use went beyond aesthetics and that it might have had an underlying symbolic message. Just like real alabaster, painted imitations of this stone may well have been imbued with symbolism motivated by both the real or imagined link with its country of origin (e.g. Egypt or Asia Minor) and by the “magical” ritual powers, such as that of rebirth, conferred onto it. The poster seeks to demonstrate that painted alabaster, in all its varieties, possessed an aura of “sacredness” and to illustrate the possible reasons behind this through a selection of case studies from the ancient Roman Vesuvian sites. \n ","location":"University of Lausanne, Switzerland ","more_info":"XIIIth Conference of the International Association for Ancient Wall-Painting, ","conference_end_date":{"day":16,"month":9,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":12,"month":9,"year":2016,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Calcareous alabaster was one of the most valued and sought after decorative stones in the ancient world for its variegated hues, gold-shiny polished surface and its symbolic significance. Recent research shows that from the first century BC, the Romans used calcareous alabaster, especially of Egyptian origin, for the production of funerary vase-urns floor tiles, inserts and wall revetments for the interior décor of élite houses. The growing popularity of this stone led to the exploitation of alabaster sources around the Mediterranean from the early imperial period: onyx and banded types from Egypt, fiorito from Asia Minor (Turkey), pecorella from North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and other rare Italian (Latium and Tuscany) varieties. Moreover, the increasing favour met by alabaster was mirrored by its constant reproduction in First-, Second- and Fourth-Style Roman paintings. The high accuracy in the reproduction of the variegated patterning of alabaster, particularly in the Second- and Fourth-Style, reached unprecedented levels. \n\nSeveral houses at Pompeii and Roman villas in the Vesuvian area, such as the Villa of Mysteries (Pompeii), Villa A (Oplontis) and the Villa Arianna (Stabiae), present remarkable examples of painted alabaster. Despite a certain level of “artistic” interpretation, it is possible to recognise the represented varieties as fairly faithful imitations of the most popular Egyptian and non-Egyptian types. For example, Egyptian onyx (cotognino and banded) is widely reproduced in the Second-Style frescoes (60-40 BC) at Villa A (Room 5, 11) and the Villa Arianna (Room 3), while some of those from the Villa of the Mysteries (60 BC) can be arguably identified as non-Egyptian fiorito alabaster. Preliminary results of a survey of painted alabaster carried out by the present authors at Pompeii show that 23 of the 59 houses (including the Villa of the Mysteries), which retain or are known to have had painted imitation marble, contained painted alabaster. At Herculaneum, only one house, the House of the Alcove, features painted imitation of alabaster (in all probability fiorito). We identified the most common varieties of painted alabaster as onyx alabaster (52% of the total) and alabastro fiorito (28%), while 20% remained unidentified due to the poor conservation of the painted surface or because the variety was not clear, especially in First-Style paintings (e.g. House VI.16.26). If we consider the total percentages of alabaster varieties represented during the Second-Style period, the period with the largest number of houses (13) with painted imitations of the stone, we find onyx is the predominant type depicted (7 locations). This ratio corresponds to the volume and popularity of real alabaster attested at Pompeii during this same period. \nA remarkable case in point is the Villa of the Mysteries, where we record the highest number of painted alabaster examples in a single context. A total of 6 rooms present panels depicting alabaster, 4 of which (3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx, huge quantities of whose real varieties decorate many of the villa’s floors. Triclinium 5, the “Mysteries room,” contained one of the most realistic painted representations of alabastro fiorito from the Vesuvian area, decorating the upper frieze of the famous cycle of paintings depicting Dionysiac rites. The alabastro fiorito can be confidently classified as fiorito from Asia Minor as it presents close similarities with varieties quarried near Hierapolis. The choice of this stone would thus seems to be a way to underline the link with the country of origin of the god of wine, Dionysius/Bacchus, and the related mysteric rites to which the frescoes allude. \n\nIndeed, the settings where painted alabaster appears seem to suggest that its use went beyond aesthetics and that it might have had an underlying symbolic message. Just like real alabaster, painted imitations of this stone may well have been imbued with symbolism motivated by both the real or imagined link with its country of origin (e.g. Egypt or Asia Minor) and by the “magical” ritual powers, such as that of rebirth, conferred onto it. 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Recent research shows that from the first century BC, the Romans used calcareous alabaster, especially of Egyptian origin, for the production of funerary vase-urns floor tiles, inserts and wall revetments for the interior décor of élite houses. The growing popularity of this stone led to the exploitation of alabaster sources around the Mediterranean from the early imperial period: onyx and banded types from Egypt, fiorito from Asia Minor (Turkey), pecorella from North Africa (Algeria and Tunisia) and other rare Italian (Latium and Tuscany) varieties. Moreover, the increasing favour met by alabaster was mirrored by its constant reproduction in First-, Second- and Fourth-Style Roman paintings. The high accuracy in the reproduction of the variegated patterning of alabaster, particularly in the Second- and Fourth-Style, reached unprecedented levels. \n\nSeveral houses at Pompeii and Roman villas in the Vesuvian area, such as the Villa of Mysteries (Pompeii), Villa A (Oplontis) and the Villa Arianna (Stabiae), present remarkable examples of painted alabaster. Despite a certain level of “artistic” interpretation, it is possible to recognise the represented varieties as fairly faithful imitations of the most popular Egyptian and non-Egyptian types. For example, Egyptian onyx (cotognino and banded) is widely reproduced in the Second-Style frescoes (60-40 BC) at Villa A (Room 5, 11) and the Villa Arianna (Room 3), while some of those from the Villa of the Mysteries (60 BC) can be arguably identified as non-Egyptian fiorito alabaster. Preliminary results of a survey of painted alabaster carried out by the present authors at Pompeii show that 23 of the 59 houses (including the Villa of the Mysteries), which retain or are known to have had painted imitation marble, contained painted alabaster. At Herculaneum, only one house, the House of the Alcove, features painted imitation of alabaster (in all probability fiorito). We identified the most common varieties of painted alabaster as onyx alabaster (52% of the total) and alabastro fiorito (28%), while 20% remained unidentified due to the poor conservation of the painted surface or because the variety was not clear, especially in First-Style paintings (e.g. House VI.16.26). If we consider the total percentages of alabaster varieties represented during the Second-Style period, the period with the largest number of houses (13) with painted imitations of the stone, we find onyx is the predominant type depicted (7 locations). This ratio corresponds to the volume and popularity of real alabaster attested at Pompeii during this same period. \nA remarkable case in point is the Villa of the Mysteries, where we record the highest number of painted alabaster examples in a single context. A total of 6 rooms present panels depicting alabaster, 4 of which (3, 6, 15, 16) can be identified as Egyptian onyx, huge quantities of whose real varieties decorate many of the villa’s floors. Triclinium 5, the “Mysteries room,” contained one of the most realistic painted representations of alabastro fiorito from the Vesuvian area, decorating the upper frieze of the famous cycle of paintings depicting Dionysiac rites. The alabastro fiorito can be confidently classified as fiorito from Asia Minor as it presents close similarities with varieties quarried near Hierapolis. The choice of this stone would thus seems to be a way to underline the link with the country of origin of the god of wine, Dionysius/Bacchus, and the related mysteric rites to which the frescoes allude. \n\nIndeed, the settings where painted alabaster appears seem to suggest that its use went beyond aesthetics and that it might have had an underlying symbolic message. Just like real alabaster, painted imitations of this stone may well have been imbued with symbolism motivated by both the real or imagined link with its country of origin (e.g. Egypt or Asia Minor) and by the “magical” ritual powers, such as that of rebirth, conferred onto it. The poster seeks to demonstrate that painted alabaster, in all its varieties, possessed an aura of “sacredness” and to illustrate the possible reasons behind this through a selection of case studies from the ancient Roman Vesuvian sites. \n ","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59344050,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59344050/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Barker-Perna-AIMPA-2016-Poster.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59344050/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Imitation_alabaster_in_Roman_wall_painti.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59344050/Barker-Perna-AIMPA-2016-Poster-libre.pdf?1558460080=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImitation_alabaster_in_Roman_wall_painti.pdf\u0026Expires=1743645467\u0026Signature=dvU93qZ0qdpR~gVwYkgfiSFPShpwFz9myMA9A~t85bkjbfx-aR7h3lwuSVNBjxGuWgwY35Hb6MNNFAwZkWXFoOErCPrtzOkwa9-yCAOKS2k8OIHxnu-6idFNkWUDd7RE0ZTeaRl0--O3WE5P~V~H2njGscE8j2GO4uREVOyGid1ISBxa2~j9nShbcooTJyJ6ojj2cxyVJvMqZHeoQwoeAFC7kvtt4V5efFeMGTBGAqNQTdUBZv6f0bubB7yHhxqLxCEP0pqn00iWegLNvDJwIwREB8amXFdCrIiFqPMINQCSjsUvF-OFvbyutnkGmb5fncd8sziKoKk4GycEXPxMYg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":32626,"name":"Graeco-Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graeco-Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":263852,"name":"Roman Wall Painting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Wall_Painting"},{"id":340381,"name":"Roman Mosaics and Wall Paintings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics_and_Wall_Paintings"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-20410685-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11009714"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009714/The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The marble trade at Pompeii and Herculaneum" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369655/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009714/The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum">The marble trade at Pompeii and Herculaneum</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The popularity of stone decoration was not static and could be subject to change, with different ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The popularity of stone decoration was not static and could be subject to change, with different varieties going in and out of fashion. This poster examines the decorative tastes for stone at Pompeii and Herculaneum during the years preceding the eruption of AD 79. It seeks to examine the selection of specific varieties of stone and their position within individual mosaic and sectilia pavimenta. <br /> <br />This study reveals preliminary results regarding ancient tastes towards marble during the first century AD on the Bay of Naples. One trend in marble use that is evident in Campania is a preference for the display of new varieties of stone. This is reflected in sectila pavimenta, which make use of multiple varieties of stone in the same composition. As a consequence of the increased availability of “new” marble types, pavements excluded popular Republican stones like palombino, paesina, ardesia, other Italian materials, as well as white marble, which appears to have been viewed as old fashion or outdated during this period.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cb665d318a53d386285a69fff51e24d7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59369655,"asset_id":11009714,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369655/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11009714"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11009714"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009714; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009714]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009714]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009714; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11009714']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cb665d318a53d386285a69fff51e24d7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11009714]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11009714,"title":"The marble trade at Pompeii and Herculaneum","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The popularity of stone decoration was not static and could be subject to change, with different varieties going in and out of fashion. This poster examines the decorative tastes for stone at Pompeii and Herculaneum during the years preceding the eruption of AD 79. It seeks to examine the selection of specific varieties of stone and their position within individual mosaic and sectilia pavimenta. \r\n\r\nThis study reveals preliminary results regarding ancient tastes towards marble during the first century AD on the Bay of Naples. One trend in marble use that is evident in Campania is a preference for the display of new varieties of stone. This is reflected in sectila pavimenta, which make use of multiple varieties of stone in the same composition. As a consequence of the increased availability of “new” marble types, pavements excluded popular Republican stones like palombino, paesina, ardesia, other Italian materials, as well as white marble, which appears to have been viewed as old fashion or outdated during this period. ","location":"Split, Croatia","more_info":"Asmosia XIth International Conference","ai_title_tag":"Changing Marble Preferences in Pompeii and Herculaneum","conference_end_date":{"day":22,"month":5,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":18,"month":5,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The popularity of stone decoration was not static and could be subject to change, with different varieties going in and out of fashion. This poster examines the decorative tastes for stone at Pompeii and Herculaneum during the years preceding the eruption of AD 79. It seeks to examine the selection of specific varieties of stone and their position within individual mosaic and sectilia pavimenta. \r\n\r\nThis study reveals preliminary results regarding ancient tastes towards marble during the first century AD on the Bay of Naples. One trend in marble use that is evident in Campania is a preference for the display of new varieties of stone. This is reflected in sectila pavimenta, which make use of multiple varieties of stone in the same composition. As a consequence of the increased availability of “new” marble types, pavements excluded popular Republican stones like palombino, paesina, ardesia, other Italian materials, as well as white marble, which appears to have been viewed as old fashion or outdated during this period. ","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11009714/The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-02-23T03:58:40.585-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59369655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Polychrome-Marble-at-Pompeii-_-Herculaneum.jpg.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369655/Polychrome-Marble-at-Pompeii-_-Herculaneum.jpg-libre.pdf?1558626575=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculan.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672010\u0026Signature=KLpI4Yy~n3LuGik1UIBo1-RSkVd2htRddFfMdduAnyahOzE~QWDdpnG~wkeE00Gz7ZiItW9JDQz~FxHekwQAyzJL25AFUocpIva5zFkpmzYffS-tLrC5F--5emdIch9eSUEwBBhH5vxhM77Xu9N0VuVrmavq3wipNDT0tCr0kNkGi3Rn1-U6hn-vuTt3sDX3E0Kc~WUxPvMdbgVeMkPkRCUfAP2Ej4MRjMUet8Qf0SymqXV38ZcIxMZfl8aSKbnO1IoGuklyZtec7qqG8LfBasXHuXyvHZOed9Ddce6IvIBsGG~OBjMWZ1-8OnwSmoVZgE~~EmyXpfwX47jOBfUIOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The popularity of stone decoration was not static and could be subject to change, with different varieties going in and out of fashion. This poster examines the decorative tastes for stone at Pompeii and Herculaneum during the years preceding the eruption of AD 79. It seeks to examine the selection of specific varieties of stone and their position within individual mosaic and sectilia pavimenta. \r\n\r\nThis study reveals preliminary results regarding ancient tastes towards marble during the first century AD on the Bay of Naples. One trend in marble use that is evident in Campania is a preference for the display of new varieties of stone. This is reflected in sectila pavimenta, which make use of multiple varieties of stone in the same composition. As a consequence of the increased availability of “new” marble types, pavements excluded popular Republican stones like palombino, paesina, ardesia, other Italian materials, as well as white marble, which appears to have been viewed as old fashion or outdated during this period. ","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59369655,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369655/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Polychrome-Marble-at-Pompeii-_-Herculaneum.jpg.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369655/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369655/Polychrome-Marble-at-Pompeii-_-Herculaneum.jpg-libre.pdf?1558626575=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_marble_trade_at_Pompeii_and_Herculan.pdf\u0026Expires=1743672010\u0026Signature=KLpI4Yy~n3LuGik1UIBo1-RSkVd2htRddFfMdduAnyahOzE~QWDdpnG~wkeE00Gz7ZiItW9JDQz~FxHekwQAyzJL25AFUocpIva5zFkpmzYffS-tLrC5F--5emdIch9eSUEwBBhH5vxhM77Xu9N0VuVrmavq3wipNDT0tCr0kNkGi3Rn1-U6hn-vuTt3sDX3E0Kc~WUxPvMdbgVeMkPkRCUfAP2Ej4MRjMUet8Qf0SymqXV38ZcIxMZfl8aSKbnO1IoGuklyZtec7qqG8LfBasXHuXyvHZOed9Ddce6IvIBsGG~OBjMWZ1-8OnwSmoVZgE~~EmyXpfwX47jOBfUIOA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":50577,"name":"Pompeii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":238266,"name":"Pompeii, Roman Domestic Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Roman_Domestic_Space"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[{"id":8770858,"url":"https://asmosiaxi.wixsite.com/split"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-11009714-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11009671"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009671/Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster_thresholds_of_Villa_A_Oplontis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369575/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009671/Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster_thresholds_of_Villa_A_Oplontis">Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://icac.academia.edu/SimonaPerna">Simona Perna</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A total of 13 thresholds composed of one or more blocks of 'alabaster' survive in situ at Villa A...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A total of 13 thresholds composed of one or more blocks of 'alabaster' survive in situ at Villa A at Oplontis. They decorate the elegantly Second-Style painted rooms, such as atrium (5), triclinium (14), salone (15) and cubiculum (11), as well as (surprisingly) some service areas. The thresholds, which belong to Villa A’s original phase of construction in the middle of the first century BC, arguably represent the most spectacular example of 'alabaster' use to survive from the villas and houses preserved by the eruption on Mt. Vesuvius in AD 79. Visual characteristics – dark beige to light gray with wavy patches and no banding, coarse to very coarse compact crystalline calcite - suggest that the source of the 'alabaster' could be either in Italy (close visual characteristics are with the  'alabasters' from Iano di Montaione, being most likely, or Quercetoin Tuscany; Camerino or Iesi in the Marche region; Collepardoin Latium) or Egypt (W.Samnur, El-Qawatir? Fayum’svarieties of alabasterine gypsum?). Due to the difficulty of positive identification via visual analysis a total 7 samples from 6 thresholds have been subjected to analysis with the aim of determining the source of the stone; but we also seek to determine if more than one variety had been put together to compose the thresholds, particularly in the case of the thresholds of rooms 13/14 and 23/24. <br /> <br />The poster presents the results of a minero-petrographic and isotopic study – minero-petrographical (by XRD and OM on thin section) and geochemical (Sr isotopes by mass spectrometry, and chemical quantitative analysis by XRF) conducted by LAMA (Laboratorio di Analisi dei Materiali Antichi) and the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern – carried out on the ‘alabaster’ thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis. Sr isotope analyses are under way; their comparison with the Castelnuovo quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70798 ± 0.00003) and the Thyatira quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7081-0.7091) will be presented. The results should provide further data regarding the potential sources and uses of this ornamental stone during Antiquity.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8a50dc620b107e3a81991b3445ddfd29" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59369575,"asset_id":11009671,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369575/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11009671"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11009671"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009671; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009671]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009671]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009671; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11009671']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8a50dc620b107e3a81991b3445ddfd29" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11009671]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11009671,"title":"Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A total of 13 thresholds composed of one or more blocks of 'alabaster' survive in situ at Villa A at Oplontis. They decorate the elegantly Second-Style painted rooms, such as atrium (5), triclinium (14), salone (15) and cubiculum (11), as well as (surprisingly) some service areas. The thresholds, which belong to Villa A’s original phase of construction in the middle of the first century BC, arguably represent the most spectacular example of 'alabaster' use to survive from the villas and houses preserved by the eruption on Mt. Vesuvius in AD 79. Visual characteristics – dark beige to light gray with wavy patches and no banding, coarse to very coarse compact crystalline calcite - suggest that the source of the 'alabaster' could be either in Italy (close visual characteristics are with the 'alabasters' from Iano di Montaione, being most likely, or Quercetoin Tuscany; Camerino or Iesi in the Marche region; Collepardoin Latium) or Egypt (W.Samnur, El-Qawatir? Fayum’svarieties of alabasterine gypsum?). Due to the difficulty of positive identification via visual analysis a total 7 samples from 6 thresholds have been subjected to analysis with the aim of determining the source of the stone; but we also seek to determine if more than one variety had been put together to compose the thresholds, particularly in the case of the thresholds of rooms 13/14 and 23/24.\r\n\r\nThe poster presents the results of a minero-petrographic and isotopic study – minero-petrographical (by XRD and OM on thin section) and geochemical (Sr isotopes by mass spectrometry, and chemical quantitative analysis by XRF) conducted by LAMA (Laboratorio di Analisi dei Materiali Antichi) and the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern – carried out on the ‘alabaster’ thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis. Sr isotope analyses are under way; their comparison with the Castelnuovo quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70798 ± 0.00003) and the Thyatira quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7081-0.7091) will be presented. The results should provide further data regarding the potential sources and uses of this ornamental stone during Antiquity.","location":"SPLIT (CROATIA)","organization":"ASMOSIA XIth INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE","conference_end_date":{"day":22,"month":5,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":18,"month":5,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"A total of 13 thresholds composed of one or more blocks of 'alabaster' survive in situ at Villa A at Oplontis. They decorate the elegantly Second-Style painted rooms, such as atrium (5), triclinium (14), salone (15) and cubiculum (11), as well as (surprisingly) some service areas. The thresholds, which belong to Villa A’s original phase of construction in the middle of the first century BC, arguably represent the most spectacular example of 'alabaster' use to survive from the villas and houses preserved by the eruption on Mt. Vesuvius in AD 79. Visual characteristics – dark beige to light gray with wavy patches and no banding, coarse to very coarse compact crystalline calcite - suggest that the source of the 'alabaster' could be either in Italy (close visual characteristics are with the 'alabasters' from Iano di Montaione, being most likely, or Quercetoin Tuscany; Camerino or Iesi in the Marche region; Collepardoin Latium) or Egypt (W.Samnur, El-Qawatir? Fayum’svarieties of alabasterine gypsum?). Due to the difficulty of positive identification via visual analysis a total 7 samples from 6 thresholds have been subjected to analysis with the aim of determining the source of the stone; but we also seek to determine if more than one variety had been put together to compose the thresholds, particularly in the case of the thresholds of rooms 13/14 and 23/24.\r\n\r\nThe poster presents the results of a minero-petrographic and isotopic study – minero-petrographical (by XRD and OM on thin section) and geochemical (Sr isotopes by mass spectrometry, and chemical quantitative analysis by XRF) conducted by LAMA (Laboratorio di Analisi dei Materiali Antichi) and the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern – carried out on the ‘alabaster’ thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis. Sr isotope analyses are under way; their comparison with the Castelnuovo quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70798 ± 0.00003) and the Thyatira quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7081-0.7091) will be presented. The results should provide further data regarding the potential sources and uses of this ornamental stone during Antiquity.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11009671/Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster_thresholds_of_Villa_A_Oplontis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-02-23T03:55:26.108-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":202111,"work_id":11009671,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":3381108,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"l***i@iuav.it","affiliation":"IUAV University Venice","display_order":null,"name":"Lorenzo Lazzarini","title":"Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis"},{"id":202112,"work_id":11009671,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":21106046,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"i***r@geo.unibe.ch","affiliation":"Bern University","display_order":null,"name":"Igor M Villa","title":"Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis"},{"id":202110,"work_id":11009671,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":10632391,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@uakron.edu","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":null,"name":"J. Clayton Fant","title":"Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis"},{"id":202109,"work_id":11009671,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":197969,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"Institut Català d'Arqueologia Clàssica","display_order":null,"name":"Simona Perna","title":"Archaeometric analysis of the alabaster thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59369575,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369575/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Villa_A_-_Alabaster_Thresholds.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369575/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369575/Villa_A_-_Alabaster_Thresholds-libre.pdf?1558625825=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArchaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster.pdf\u0026Expires=1743642559\u0026Signature=OLJkMmKEsZGp3XnejiX2wJFUWxHRoaptv8aS3L11njLzNUp5C9uSbzX2UNkdlrfqd4t9NiP2CyNAMhiZFABq-LSsqgFNXGkzchWOG4Uy5j7KHWAz2BUaSiE0A8dHFqyefwKeY1nhhOdO7EOyJKmYfY1bc~d3JJh5ylCISTL11v0Mm3osA5mTDdsOuuf91V9fOlInTor9tFStOk6n~hnPJtdx43TXSxemtk05xddJG389Gfby~r0yWuuF9pXW0gMl4P6wYS~lDJwBT7lstZpXAW16bGjDQuY5z260kxO1suCRIBeWisgd86w6iSR6Vh20bFWaWZak0lmr1zKLHGxR9A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster_thresholds_of_Villa_A_Oplontis","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A total of 13 thresholds composed of one or more blocks of 'alabaster' survive in situ at Villa A at Oplontis. They decorate the elegantly Second-Style painted rooms, such as atrium (5), triclinium (14), salone (15) and cubiculum (11), as well as (surprisingly) some service areas. The thresholds, which belong to Villa A’s original phase of construction in the middle of the first century BC, arguably represent the most spectacular example of 'alabaster' use to survive from the villas and houses preserved by the eruption on Mt. Vesuvius in AD 79. Visual characteristics – dark beige to light gray with wavy patches and no banding, coarse to very coarse compact crystalline calcite - suggest that the source of the 'alabaster' could be either in Italy (close visual characteristics are with the 'alabasters' from Iano di Montaione, being most likely, or Quercetoin Tuscany; Camerino or Iesi in the Marche region; Collepardoin Latium) or Egypt (W.Samnur, El-Qawatir? Fayum’svarieties of alabasterine gypsum?). Due to the difficulty of positive identification via visual analysis a total 7 samples from 6 thresholds have been subjected to analysis with the aim of determining the source of the stone; but we also seek to determine if more than one variety had been put together to compose the thresholds, particularly in the case of the thresholds of rooms 13/14 and 23/24.\r\n\r\nThe poster presents the results of a minero-petrographic and isotopic study – minero-petrographical (by XRD and OM on thin section) and geochemical (Sr isotopes by mass spectrometry, and chemical quantitative analysis by XRF) conducted by LAMA (Laboratorio di Analisi dei Materiali Antichi) and the Institut für Geologie at the Universität Bern – carried out on the ‘alabaster’ thresholds of Villa A, Oplontis. Sr isotope analyses are under way; their comparison with the Castelnuovo quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70798 ± 0.00003) and the Thyatira quarry (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7081-0.7091) will be presented. The results should provide further data regarding the potential sources and uses of this ornamental stone during Antiquity.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59369575,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59369575/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Villa_A_-_Alabaster_Thresholds.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59369575/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Archaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59369575/Villa_A_-_Alabaster_Thresholds-libre.pdf?1558625825=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DArchaeometric_analysis_of_the_alabaster.pdf\u0026Expires=1743642559\u0026Signature=OLJkMmKEsZGp3XnejiX2wJFUWxHRoaptv8aS3L11njLzNUp5C9uSbzX2UNkdlrfqd4t9NiP2CyNAMhiZFABq-LSsqgFNXGkzchWOG4Uy5j7KHWAz2BUaSiE0A8dHFqyefwKeY1nhhOdO7EOyJKmYfY1bc~d3JJh5ylCISTL11v0Mm3osA5mTDdsOuuf91V9fOlInTor9tFStOk6n~hnPJtdx43TXSxemtk05xddJG389Gfby~r0yWuuF9pXW0gMl4P6wYS~lDJwBT7lstZpXAW16bGjDQuY5z260kxO1suCRIBeWisgd86w6iSR6Vh20bFWaWZak0lmr1zKLHGxR9A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":70455,"name":"Archeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archeometry"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":154259,"name":"Marble Provenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marble_Provenance"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":454344,"name":"Ancient marble quarries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_marble_quarries"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":926261,"name":"Calcite-alabaster","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calcite-alabaster"},{"id":1201298,"name":"Villa Oplontis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Villa_Oplontis"}],"urls":[{"id":8770859,"url":"https://asmosiaxi.wixsite.com/split"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-11009671-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11009498"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009498/Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_tepidarium_e_nel_caldarium_di_villa_arianna_a_stabaie"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Resti pavimentali in opus sectile nel tepidarium e nel caldarium di villa arianna a stabaie" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366442/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/11009498/Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_tepidarium_e_nel_caldarium_di_villa_arianna_a_stabaie">Resti pavimentali in opus sectile nel tepidarium e nel caldarium di villa arianna a stabaie</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In occasione del XX Colloquio AISCOM 2014 è stato presentato un breve contributo incentrato sul r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In occasione del XX Colloquio AISCOM 2014 è stato presentato un breve contributo incentrato sul rinvenimento di due nuovi piani pavimentali in mosaico portati alla luce nel corso delle indagini 2010/2013 condotte dal Museo Statale Ermitage di San Pietroburgo e dalla Fondazione Restoring Ancient Stabiae sul sito di Villa Arianna a Stabiae. Nel corso della stessa campagna di scavo, con la continuazione delle indagini nell’area del complesso termale, sono stati individuati alcuni ambienti già scavati in età borbonica e parzialmente riportati in luce negli anni ’50 e ’60 del secolo scorso. Mentre il caldarium e il laconicum furono definitivamente liberati dai materiali di riempimento da Libero d’Orsi, il primo tra il 7 e il 10 luglio del 1950, il secondo a partire dal novembre del 1966, altri ambienti come il tepidarium e il frigidarium/apodyterium non vennero mai indagati nel corso del XX secolo. Lo scavo del 2011 ha permesso pertanto di ottenere nuovi ed importanti elementi sull’assetto planimetrico dell’intero complesso termale, sui diversi ambienti che lo compongono e sull’apparato decorativo di questi ultimi. Nello specifico, le indagini degli ultimi quattro anni hanno rivelato l’esistenza sul piano pavimentale del tepidarium della traccia, impressa nella malta e ancora perfettamente conservata, della decorazione in opus sectile. La stessa situazione era già stata documentata nei decenni passati anche all’interno del caldarium. Purtroppo della decorazione marmorea originaria presente in entrambi gli ambienti non rimane quasi nulla, se non qualche frammento, dal momento che questa fu completamente asportata nel corso degli scavi borbonici. <br /> <br />Nell’estate 2013 il dott. Paolo Gardelli della Fondazione RAS, il dott. Simon Barker, University of London, e il dott. Clayton Fant, University of Akron – questi ultimi due responsabili del progetto denominato “Marmo al Mare” – hanno dato vita ad un progetto di analisi e studio della decorazione marmorea dell’intero quartiere termale. Con il presente contributo si intende pertanto esporre i risultati raggiunti dal recente lavoro di studio dei motivi decorativi e di analisi dei frammenti marmorei supersiti ancora presenti nei due ambienti. <br /> <br />Sia il tepidarium sia il caldarium si caratterizzano per una pianta rettangolare dotata di una grande abside a sud-ovest. L’ambiente centrale delle due stanze presenta una decorazione costituita da formelle rettangolari bordate da sottili listelli, mentre lastre a esagoni e a losanghe costituiscono il motivo delle due absidi. Tracce di rivestimento marmoreo sono state documentate anche nel registro inferiore delle pareti di entrambe le stanze. Il poster e il relativo contributo scritto approfondiranno tre aspetti: (1) le ultime indagini 2010/2013 e la storia degli scavi passati, (2) la decorazione in opus sectile e (3) i resti marmorei.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4e0d4aeb76f6e598a52ad1b9c41c7232" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59366442,"asset_id":11009498,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366442/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11009498"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11009498"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009498; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009498]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11009498]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11009498; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11009498']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "4e0d4aeb76f6e598a52ad1b9c41c7232" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11009498]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11009498,"title":"Resti pavimentali in opus sectile nel tepidarium e nel caldarium di villa arianna a stabaie","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In occasione del XX Colloquio AISCOM 2014 è stato presentato un breve contributo incentrato sul rinvenimento di due nuovi piani pavimentali in mosaico portati alla luce nel corso delle indagini 2010/2013 condotte dal Museo Statale Ermitage di San Pietroburgo e dalla Fondazione Restoring Ancient Stabiae sul sito di Villa Arianna a Stabiae. Nel corso della stessa campagna di scavo, con la continuazione delle indagini nell’area del complesso termale, sono stati individuati alcuni ambienti già scavati in età borbonica e parzialmente riportati in luce negli anni ’50 e ’60 del secolo scorso. Mentre il caldarium e il laconicum furono definitivamente liberati dai materiali di riempimento da Libero d’Orsi, il primo tra il 7 e il 10 luglio del 1950, il secondo a partire dal novembre del 1966, altri ambienti come il tepidarium e il frigidarium/apodyterium non vennero mai indagati nel corso del XX secolo. Lo scavo del 2011 ha permesso pertanto di ottenere nuovi ed importanti elementi sull’assetto planimetrico dell’intero complesso termale, sui diversi ambienti che lo compongono e sull’apparato decorativo di questi ultimi. Nello specifico, le indagini degli ultimi quattro anni hanno rivelato l’esistenza sul piano pavimentale del tepidarium della traccia, impressa nella malta e ancora perfettamente conservata, della decorazione in opus sectile. La stessa situazione era già stata documentata nei decenni passati anche all’interno del caldarium. Purtroppo della decorazione marmorea originaria presente in entrambi gli ambienti non rimane quasi nulla, se non qualche frammento, dal momento che questa fu completamente asportata nel corso degli scavi borbonici.\r\n\r\nNell’estate 2013 il dott. Paolo Gardelli della Fondazione RAS, il dott. Simon Barker, University of London, e il dott. Clayton Fant, University of Akron – questi ultimi due responsabili del progetto denominato “Marmo al Mare” – hanno dato vita ad un progetto di analisi e studio della decorazione marmorea dell’intero quartiere termale. Con il presente contributo si intende pertanto esporre i risultati raggiunti dal recente lavoro di studio dei motivi decorativi e di analisi dei frammenti marmorei supersiti ancora presenti nei due ambienti.\r\n\r\nSia il tepidarium sia il caldarium si caratterizzano per una pianta rettangolare dotata di una grande abside a sud-ovest. L’ambiente centrale delle due stanze presenta una decorazione costituita da formelle rettangolari bordate da sottili listelli, mentre lastre a esagoni e a losanghe costituiscono il motivo delle due absidi. Tracce di rivestimento marmoreo sono state documentate anche nel registro inferiore delle pareti di entrambe le stanze. Il poster e il relativo contributo scritto approfondiranno tre aspetti: (1) le ultime indagini 2010/2013 e la storia degli scavi passati, (2) la decorazione in opus sectile e (3) i resti marmorei.","location":"Reggio Emilia","organization":"XXI Colloquio dell’Associazione Italiana per lo Studio e la Conservazione del Mosaico (AISCOM)","conference_end_date":{"day":21,"month":3,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"conference_start_date":{"day":18,"month":3,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"In occasione del XX Colloquio AISCOM 2014 è stato presentato un breve contributo incentrato sul rinvenimento di due nuovi piani pavimentali in mosaico portati alla luce nel corso delle indagini 2010/2013 condotte dal Museo Statale Ermitage di San Pietroburgo e dalla Fondazione Restoring Ancient Stabiae sul sito di Villa Arianna a Stabiae. Nel corso della stessa campagna di scavo, con la continuazione delle indagini nell’area del complesso termale, sono stati individuati alcuni ambienti già scavati in età borbonica e parzialmente riportati in luce negli anni ’50 e ’60 del secolo scorso. Mentre il caldarium e il laconicum furono definitivamente liberati dai materiali di riempimento da Libero d’Orsi, il primo tra il 7 e il 10 luglio del 1950, il secondo a partire dal novembre del 1966, altri ambienti come il tepidarium e il frigidarium/apodyterium non vennero mai indagati nel corso del XX secolo. Lo scavo del 2011 ha permesso pertanto di ottenere nuovi ed importanti elementi sull’assetto planimetrico dell’intero complesso termale, sui diversi ambienti che lo compongono e sull’apparato decorativo di questi ultimi. Nello specifico, le indagini degli ultimi quattro anni hanno rivelato l’esistenza sul piano pavimentale del tepidarium della traccia, impressa nella malta e ancora perfettamente conservata, della decorazione in opus sectile. La stessa situazione era già stata documentata nei decenni passati anche all’interno del caldarium. Purtroppo della decorazione marmorea originaria presente in entrambi gli ambienti non rimane quasi nulla, se non qualche frammento, dal momento che questa fu completamente asportata nel corso degli scavi borbonici.\r\n\r\nNell’estate 2013 il dott. Paolo Gardelli della Fondazione RAS, il dott. Simon Barker, University of London, e il dott. Clayton Fant, University of Akron – questi ultimi due responsabili del progetto denominato “Marmo al Mare” – hanno dato vita ad un progetto di analisi e studio della decorazione marmorea dell’intero quartiere termale. Con il presente contributo si intende pertanto esporre i risultati raggiunti dal recente lavoro di studio dei motivi decorativi e di analisi dei frammenti marmorei supersiti ancora presenti nei due ambienti.\r\n\r\nSia il tepidarium sia il caldarium si caratterizzano per una pianta rettangolare dotata di una grande abside a sud-ovest. L’ambiente centrale delle due stanze presenta una decorazione costituita da formelle rettangolari bordate da sottili listelli, mentre lastre a esagoni e a losanghe costituiscono il motivo delle due absidi. Tracce di rivestimento marmoreo sono state documentate anche nel registro inferiore delle pareti di entrambe le stanze. Il poster e il relativo contributo scritto approfondiranno tre aspetti: (1) le ultime indagini 2010/2013 e la storia degli scavi passati, (2) la decorazione in opus sectile e (3) i resti marmorei.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11009498/Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_tepidarium_e_nel_caldarium_di_villa_arianna_a_stabaie","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-02-23T03:44:10.850-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":202092,"work_id":11009498,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":6840406,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***i@gmail.com","affiliation":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München","display_order":0,"name":"Paolo Gardelli","title":"Resti pavimentali in opus sectile nel tepidarium e nel caldarium di villa arianna a stabaie"},{"id":202093,"work_id":11009498,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":10632391,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***t@uakron.edu","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":null,"name":"J. Clayton Fant","title":"Resti pavimentali in opus sectile nel tepidarium e nel caldarium di villa arianna a stabaie"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59366442,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366442/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gardelli-Barker-Fant_Poster.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366442/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_te.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59366442/Gardelli-Barker-Fant_Poster-libre.pdf?1558605442=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DResti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_te.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622886\u0026Signature=MHmi2gLSNwBCLNeO55g-TYTN6noalWIEdgO6PyY0vh0nT3fA0pAJxYoQDTB9lQqVZpfJpusI9A93q-~OA~g09guS67FASwOIpYwdIJ3-8d0JBxS5DH6eyqPhdbz9DLuoQUxGXqFz7fZVgY3Krv9F-yDEsfIsiwu3AWlTCpzknLHIJ09eDQwFwTZnQVMXHmJd6tNuHyiOLYyIoEviPW1fCXFOf0nve2y-BhgdDIT3K9-d4ewFVs~sHAR~rTKbRIMorVZb878H7HIoubtLI8kHlkmiyQ9--gv1URSDQ3LFJQi5dgq0p-QDUbfMdyTMotZLmGpibeYZxuQ~lXI6pU55tA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_tepidarium_e_nel_caldarium_di_villa_arianna_a_stabaie","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"it","content_type":"Work","summary":"In occasione del XX Colloquio AISCOM 2014 è stato presentato un breve contributo incentrato sul rinvenimento di due nuovi piani pavimentali in mosaico portati alla luce nel corso delle indagini 2010/2013 condotte dal Museo Statale Ermitage di San Pietroburgo e dalla Fondazione Restoring Ancient Stabiae sul sito di Villa Arianna a Stabiae. Nel corso della stessa campagna di scavo, con la continuazione delle indagini nell’area del complesso termale, sono stati individuati alcuni ambienti già scavati in età borbonica e parzialmente riportati in luce negli anni ’50 e ’60 del secolo scorso. Mentre il caldarium e il laconicum furono definitivamente liberati dai materiali di riempimento da Libero d’Orsi, il primo tra il 7 e il 10 luglio del 1950, il secondo a partire dal novembre del 1966, altri ambienti come il tepidarium e il frigidarium/apodyterium non vennero mai indagati nel corso del XX secolo. Lo scavo del 2011 ha permesso pertanto di ottenere nuovi ed importanti elementi sull’assetto planimetrico dell’intero complesso termale, sui diversi ambienti che lo compongono e sull’apparato decorativo di questi ultimi. Nello specifico, le indagini degli ultimi quattro anni hanno rivelato l’esistenza sul piano pavimentale del tepidarium della traccia, impressa nella malta e ancora perfettamente conservata, della decorazione in opus sectile. La stessa situazione era già stata documentata nei decenni passati anche all’interno del caldarium. Purtroppo della decorazione marmorea originaria presente in entrambi gli ambienti non rimane quasi nulla, se non qualche frammento, dal momento che questa fu completamente asportata nel corso degli scavi borbonici.\r\n\r\nNell’estate 2013 il dott. Paolo Gardelli della Fondazione RAS, il dott. Simon Barker, University of London, e il dott. Clayton Fant, University of Akron – questi ultimi due responsabili del progetto denominato “Marmo al Mare” – hanno dato vita ad un progetto di analisi e studio della decorazione marmorea dell’intero quartiere termale. Con il presente contributo si intende pertanto esporre i risultati raggiunti dal recente lavoro di studio dei motivi decorativi e di analisi dei frammenti marmorei supersiti ancora presenti nei due ambienti.\r\n\r\nSia il tepidarium sia il caldarium si caratterizzano per una pianta rettangolare dotata di una grande abside a sud-ovest. L’ambiente centrale delle due stanze presenta una decorazione costituita da formelle rettangolari bordate da sottili listelli, mentre lastre a esagoni e a losanghe costituiscono il motivo delle due absidi. Tracce di rivestimento marmoreo sono state documentate anche nel registro inferiore delle pareti di entrambe le stanze. Il poster e il relativo contributo scritto approfondiranno tre aspetti: (1) le ultime indagini 2010/2013 e la storia degli scavi passati, (2) la decorazione in opus sectile e (3) i resti marmorei.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59366442,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366442/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Gardelli-Barker-Fant_Poster.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366442/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Resti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_te.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59366442/Gardelli-Barker-Fant_Poster-libre.pdf?1558605442=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DResti_pavimentali_in_opus_sectile_nel_te.pdf\u0026Expires=1743622886\u0026Signature=MHmi2gLSNwBCLNeO55g-TYTN6noalWIEdgO6PyY0vh0nT3fA0pAJxYoQDTB9lQqVZpfJpusI9A93q-~OA~g09guS67FASwOIpYwdIJ3-8d0JBxS5DH6eyqPhdbz9DLuoQUxGXqFz7fZVgY3Krv9F-yDEsfIsiwu3AWlTCpzknLHIJ09eDQwFwTZnQVMXHmJd6tNuHyiOLYyIoEviPW1fCXFOf0nve2y-BhgdDIT3K9-d4ewFVs~sHAR~rTKbRIMorVZb878H7HIoubtLI8kHlkmiyQ9--gv1URSDQ3LFJQi5dgq0p-QDUbfMdyTMotZLmGpibeYZxuQ~lXI6pU55tA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8327,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_"},{"id":15481,"name":"Roman Villae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villae"},{"id":27746,"name":"Ancient Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Mosaics"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":78128,"name":"Vesuvius","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vesuvius"},{"id":79496,"name":"Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":140147,"name":"Ville Vesuviane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ville_Vesuviane"},{"id":163799,"name":"Roman Mosaics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Mosaics"},{"id":192941,"name":"Roman Villa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Villa"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":238266,"name":"Pompeii, Roman Domestic Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Roman_Domestic_Space"},{"id":277405,"name":"Opus Sectile","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Opus_Sectile"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":590053,"name":"Stabiae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stabiae"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"},{"id":846115,"name":"Pompeii (Archaeology), Ville Vesuviane, Pompeii and Herculaneum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pompeii_Archaeology_Ville_Vesuviane_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-11009498-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9926605"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/9926605/The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The marble-clad bars of Ostia Antica" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366539/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9926605/The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica">The marble-clad bars of Ostia Antica</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker">Simon J Barker</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uakron.academia.edu/BrittanyAmiet">Brittany Amiet</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The marble-cladding of the bar or shop counters of Ostia has been widely remarked upon in studies...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The marble-cladding of the bar or shop counters of Ostia has been widely remarked upon in studies of the city’s architecture, and commercial premises in particular (Hermansem 1982; Meiggs 1973). However, the potential of this dataset for illustrating trends in the use and reuse of marble has generally been overlooked. This study of the Ostian counters represents the conclusion of a six-year project that has also examined the bars of Pompeii and Herculaneum and seeks to understand the wider Mediterranean marble trade, the economics of the reuse of this material, and its implications for understanding how the bars that used marble cladding functioned. Of the thirty-eight bars that remain and were catalogued by Hermansen (1982), seven contain marble-clad counters.  In these seven bars, a total of 750 pieces of stone were catalogued and added to a database that also includes data drawn from the counters of Pompeii and Herculaneum.  This poster will discuss the results of the Ostian phase of our project. First, the range of materials found on these bars, how these materials were displayed, and the distribution of the marble-clad counters at  Ostia. Secondly, the reuse of material on the bars and the mechanism of supply.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b59ec33066cd5634f6cfec2ddf8b97f5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59366539,"asset_id":9926605,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366539/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9926605"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9926605"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9926605; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9926605]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9926605]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9926605; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='9926605']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "b59ec33066cd5634f6cfec2ddf8b97f5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9926605]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9926605,"title":"The marble-clad bars of Ostia Antica","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The marble-cladding of the bar or shop counters of Ostia has been widely remarked upon in studies of the city’s architecture, and commercial premises in particular (Hermansem 1982; Meiggs 1973). However, the potential of this dataset for illustrating trends in the use and reuse of marble has generally been overlooked. This study of the Ostian counters represents the conclusion of a six-year project that has also examined the bars of Pompeii and Herculaneum and seeks to understand the wider Mediterranean marble trade, the economics of the reuse of this material, and its implications for understanding how the bars that used marble cladding functioned. Of the thirty-eight bars that remain and were catalogued by Hermansen (1982), seven contain marble-clad counters. In these seven bars, a total of 750 pieces of stone were catalogued and added to a database that also includes data drawn from the counters of Pompeii and Herculaneum. This poster will discuss the results of the Ostian phase of our project. First, the range of materials found on these bars, how these materials were displayed, and the distribution of the marble-clad counters at Ostia. 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Secondly, the reuse of material on the bars and the mechanism of supply.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9926605/The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-12-28T07:35:09.311-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[{"id":81592,"work_id":9926605,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":2793534,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"b***4@gmail.com","affiliation":"University of Edinburgh","display_order":null,"name":"Ben Russell","title":"The marble-clad bars of Ostia Antica"},{"id":81593,"work_id":9926605,"tagging_user_id":326762,"tagged_user_id":12548747,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"B***8@gmail.com","affiliation":"The University of Akron","display_order":null,"name":"Brittany Amiet","title":"The marble-clad bars of Ostia Antica"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59366539,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366539/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ostia_Bars_Poster.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366539/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59366539/Ostia_Bars_Poster-libre.pdf?1558605882=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica.pdf\u0026Expires=1743580644\u0026Signature=EfR3y8Xk9iEQG4Q7rb7GPRisetLl9Bnq6U44~2Ej8JtTkS3TLWevq-jtkGd2SFLtNEJx~PhQrNv8QBa~OQPRopm4MPqFnNJR~2UeRlV4oBZxl6Py6VB5xJDJJds7C6Bp6Oin-DMnOYWFsyDBEVgL73JBKVHrvKquZEzAcsFlRZEgtS4L7BwiwBIdY3fwu1TMCU5XfHduvRbRn1op15wfiDqHwyEMICqK07B3ySpPV7Blf9mjy1PmaX8oipcmf0x4DNoV40CghWOLiYVhqGazoOEjE8-0YlgJ1MbqrE2aiCJoNUJ1FUUyfgX2ehITnv3vD8G3gx1r-Ku~bVIo-N~WBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The marble-cladding of the bar or shop counters of Ostia has been widely remarked upon in studies of the city’s architecture, and commercial premises in particular (Hermansem 1982; Meiggs 1973). However, the potential of this dataset for illustrating trends in the use and reuse of marble has generally been overlooked. This study of the Ostian counters represents the conclusion of a six-year project that has also examined the bars of Pompeii and Herculaneum and seeks to understand the wider Mediterranean marble trade, the economics of the reuse of this material, and its implications for understanding how the bars that used marble cladding functioned. Of the thirty-eight bars that remain and were catalogued by Hermansen (1982), seven contain marble-clad counters. In these seven bars, a total of 750 pieces of stone were catalogued and added to a database that also includes data drawn from the counters of Pompeii and Herculaneum. This poster will discuss the results of the Ostian phase of our project. First, the range of materials found on these bars, how these materials were displayed, and the distribution of the marble-clad counters at Ostia. Secondly, the reuse of material on the bars and the mechanism of supply.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[{"id":59366539,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59366539/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Ostia_Bars_Poster.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59366539/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/59366539/Ostia_Bars_Poster-libre.pdf?1558605882=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_marble_clad_bars_of_Ostia_Antica.pdf\u0026Expires=1743580644\u0026Signature=EfR3y8Xk9iEQG4Q7rb7GPRisetLl9Bnq6U44~2Ej8JtTkS3TLWevq-jtkGd2SFLtNEJx~PhQrNv8QBa~OQPRopm4MPqFnNJR~2UeRlV4oBZxl6Py6VB5xJDJJds7C6Bp6Oin-DMnOYWFsyDBEVgL73JBKVHrvKquZEzAcsFlRZEgtS4L7BwiwBIdY3fwu1TMCU5XfHduvRbRn1op15wfiDqHwyEMICqK07B3ySpPV7Blf9mjy1PmaX8oipcmf0x4DNoV40CghWOLiYVhqGazoOEjE8-0YlgJ1MbqrE2aiCJoNUJ1FUUyfgX2ehITnv3vD8G3gx1r-Ku~bVIo-N~WBQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13505,"name":"Ostia (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ostia_Archaeology_"},{"id":23640,"name":"Roman Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Economy"},{"id":33978,"name":"Roman Marble trade and distribution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Marble_trade_and_distribution"},{"id":79005,"name":"Roman food and drink","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_food_and_drink"},{"id":99285,"name":"Roman Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Architecture"},{"id":143392,"name":"Ancient Roman economy, trade and commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_economy_trade_and_commerce"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":298504,"name":"Roman Ostia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Ostia"},{"id":455925,"name":"Ancient Roman Marbles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Roman_Marbles"},{"id":458302,"name":"Ostia Antica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ostia_Antica"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-9926605-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="9926638"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/9926638/Carving_without_quarrying_the_art_of_recycling"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Carving without quarrying: the art of recycling" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Carving without quarrying: the art of recycling</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The recycling of stone has been a common practice since antiquity, yet the process is often regar...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The recycling of stone has been a common practice since antiquity, yet the process is often regarded as a distinctly Late Antique phenomenon. The process of sculpting stone in the Classical World is traditionally viewed as a process which started in the quarry, where architectural blocks or statues were roughed-out for export, and ended in sculptors’ workshops or on-site. However, the use and acquisition of stone was more complex than the quarry to finished object model. Stone was obtainable from a variety of other sources: stone from cancelled commissions and demolition projects, architectural elements damaged during transit, or unfinished blocks, which developed faults upon further carving and were therefore unusable for their original use, could have acted as sources for stone. Previously cut stone could have been put to a variety of uses. It could have been used in its original form or re-carved into a similar or completely new object. In regard to the latter, surviving evidence indicates that Classical stone-carvers were proficient at transforming highly specific objects into quite different ones: columns were re-carved into statue bodies, entablature blocks reworked into sarcophagi, even statue fragments were re-cut into new objects. The cost and effort required to transport stone and the labour required to carve it, gave it a lasting value. This value made it unlikely that such a resource would have been discarded if it could have been usefully re-used, carved into something new (or even burned for lime). This poster draws on several examples of re-carving to examine the practice of transformative recycling. It will consider the variety of such practices, the types of sculpted objects that best lent themselves to re-use and what limitations the size of these objects had on their value in re-use. This poster concludes that the intrinsic value and availability of stone led Roman sculptors to utilise second-hand pieces for a variety of purposes quite different from their original function.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9926638"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9926638"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9926638; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9926638]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9926638]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9926638; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='9926638']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9926638]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9926638,"title":"Carving without quarrying: the art of recycling","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The recycling of stone has been a common practice since antiquity, yet the process is often regarded as a distinctly Late Antique phenomenon. The process of sculpting stone in the Classical World is traditionally viewed as a process which started in the quarry, where architectural blocks or statues were roughed-out for export, and ended in sculptors’ workshops or on-site. However, the use and acquisition of stone was more complex than the quarry to finished object model. Stone was obtainable from a variety of other sources: stone from cancelled commissions and demolition projects, architectural elements damaged during transit, or unfinished blocks, which developed faults upon further carving and were therefore unusable for their original use, could have acted as sources for stone. Previously cut stone could have been put to a variety of uses. It could have been used in its original form or re-carved into a similar or completely new object. In regard to the latter, surviving evidence indicates that Classical stone-carvers were proficient at transforming highly specific objects into quite different ones: columns were re-carved into statue bodies, entablature blocks reworked into sarcophagi, even statue fragments were re-cut into new objects. The cost and effort required to transport stone and the labour required to carve it, gave it a lasting value. This value made it unlikely that such a resource would have been discarded if it could have been usefully re-used, carved into something new (or even burned for lime). This poster draws on several examples of re-carving to examine the practice of transformative recycling. It will consider the variety of such practices, the types of sculpted objects that best lent themselves to re-use and what limitations the size of these objects had on their value in re-use. This poster concludes that the intrinsic value and availability of stone led Roman sculptors to utilise second-hand pieces for a variety of purposes quite different from their original function.","location":"King's College London","more_info":"Art in the Making: Stone Carving in the Classical World, Poster Session","event_date":{"day":28,"month":6,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"organization":"The Art of Making in Antiquity. Stone working in the Roman World"},"translated_abstract":"The recycling of stone has been a common practice since antiquity, yet the process is often regarded as a distinctly Late Antique phenomenon. The process of sculpting stone in the Classical World is traditionally viewed as a process which started in the quarry, where architectural blocks or statues were roughed-out for export, and ended in sculptors’ workshops or on-site. However, the use and acquisition of stone was more complex than the quarry to finished object model. Stone was obtainable from a variety of other sources: stone from cancelled commissions and demolition projects, architectural elements damaged during transit, or unfinished blocks, which developed faults upon further carving and were therefore unusable for their original use, could have acted as sources for stone. Previously cut stone could have been put to a variety of uses. It could have been used in its original form or re-carved into a similar or completely new object. In regard to the latter, surviving evidence indicates that Classical stone-carvers were proficient at transforming highly specific objects into quite different ones: columns were re-carved into statue bodies, entablature blocks reworked into sarcophagi, even statue fragments were re-cut into new objects. The cost and effort required to transport stone and the labour required to carve it, gave it a lasting value. This value made it unlikely that such a resource would have been discarded if it could have been usefully re-used, carved into something new (or even burned for lime). This poster draws on several examples of re-carving to examine the practice of transformative recycling. It will consider the variety of such practices, the types of sculpted objects that best lent themselves to re-use and what limitations the size of these objects had on their value in re-use. This poster concludes that the intrinsic value and availability of stone led Roman sculptors to utilise second-hand pieces for a variety of purposes quite different from their original function.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9926638/Carving_without_quarrying_the_art_of_recycling","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-12-28T07:37:54.627-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":326762,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"other","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Carving_without_quarrying_the_art_of_recycling","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The recycling of stone has been a common practice since antiquity, yet the process is often regarded as a distinctly Late Antique phenomenon. The process of sculpting stone in the Classical World is traditionally viewed as a process which started in the quarry, where architectural blocks or statues were roughed-out for export, and ended in sculptors’ workshops or on-site. However, the use and acquisition of stone was more complex than the quarry to finished object model. Stone was obtainable from a variety of other sources: stone from cancelled commissions and demolition projects, architectural elements damaged during transit, or unfinished blocks, which developed faults upon further carving and were therefore unusable for their original use, could have acted as sources for stone. Previously cut stone could have been put to a variety of uses. It could have been used in its original form or re-carved into a similar or completely new object. In regard to the latter, surviving evidence indicates that Classical stone-carvers were proficient at transforming highly specific objects into quite different ones: columns were re-carved into statue bodies, entablature blocks reworked into sarcophagi, even statue fragments were re-cut into new objects. The cost and effort required to transport stone and the labour required to carve it, gave it a lasting value. This value made it unlikely that such a resource would have been discarded if it could have been usefully re-used, carved into something new (or even burned for lime). This poster draws on several examples of re-carving to examine the practice of transformative recycling. It will consider the variety of such practices, the types of sculpted objects that best lent themselves to re-use and what limitations the size of these objects had on their value in re-use. This poster concludes that the intrinsic value and availability of stone led Roman sculptors to utilise second-hand pieces for a variety of purposes quite different from their original function.","owner":{"id":326762,"first_name":"Simon","middle_initials":"J","last_name":"Barker","page_name":"SimonBarker","domain_name":"uw","created_at":"2011-02-08T21:56:42.176-08:00","display_name":"Simon J Barker","url":"https://uw.academia.edu/SimonBarker"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":393,"name":"Classical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classical_Archaeology"},{"id":85515,"name":"Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":111315,"name":"Stoneworking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stoneworking"},{"id":219139,"name":"The Use of Marble and Other Stones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Use_of_Marble_and_Other_Stones"},{"id":221851,"name":"Stone carving and lapidary techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stone_carving_and_lapidary_techniques"},{"id":469738,"name":"Greek and Roman Sculpture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_and_Roman_Sculpture"},{"id":634974,"name":"Roman Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Roman_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-9926638-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="3365821"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/3365821/Evidence_for_wooden_revetment_and_lithic_decoration_in_Diaeta_78_at_Villa_A_of_Poppaea_at_Torre_Annunziata_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evidence for wooden revetment and lithic decoration in Diaeta 78 at Villa A (“of Poppaea”) at Torre Annunziata’" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59343948/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/3365821/Evidence_for_wooden_revetment_and_lithic_decoration_in_Diaeta_78_at_Villa_A_of_Poppaea_at_Torre_Annunziata_">Evidence for wooden revetment and lithic decoration in Diaeta 78 at Villa A (“of Poppaea”) at Torre Annunziata’</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Questo articolo presenta i risultati preliminari dei lavori sulla diaeta 78 alla Villa A di Oplon...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Questo articolo presenta i risultati preliminari dei lavori sulla diaeta 78 alla Villa A di Oplontis condotti dal Oplontis Project dell'Università del Texas. Si esamina due aspetti del suo programma decorativo: il rivestimento lignea delle pareti e gli schemi marmorei sia parietali che pavimentali. Negli scavi del 1976 gli archeologi avevano notato le impronte lasciate dai pannelli di legno nello strato di ceneri indurite. Nonostante il fatto che i marmi di quest’ambiente furono già asportati al momento dell’eruzione, le testimonianze archeologiche e i documenti di scavo ci hanno permesso di ricostruire lo schema decorativo originale. Si tratta di un insieme unico costituito da pannelli lignei, rivestimento marmoreo e pavimenti in opus sectile. Questo insieme di materiali, accenato negli autori antichi (Plinio, Vitruvio), e la posizione importante di quest’ambiente, confermano che si tratta di una delle sale più lussuose della Villa.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="635ced74f5851da13495d4c9dc21d64f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59343948,"asset_id":3365821,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59343948/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="3365821"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3365821"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3365821; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3365821]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3365821]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3365821; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='3365821']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "635ced74f5851da13495d4c9dc21d64f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=3365821]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":3365821,"title":"Evidence for wooden revetment and lithic decoration in Diaeta 78 at Villa A (“of Poppaea”) at Torre Annunziata’","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Questo articolo presenta i risultati preliminari dei lavori sulla diaeta 78 alla Villa A di Oplontis condotti dal Oplontis Project dell'Università del Texas. Si esamina due aspetti del suo programma decorativo: il rivestimento lignea delle pareti e gli schemi marmorei sia parietali che pavimentali. Negli scavi del 1976 gli archeologi avevano notato le impronte lasciate dai pannelli di legno nello strato di ceneri indurite. Nonostante il fatto che i marmi di quest’ambiente furono già asportati al momento dell’eruzione, le testimonianze archeologiche e i documenti di scavo ci hanno permesso di ricostruire lo schema decorativo originale. Si tratta di un insieme unico costituito da pannelli lignei, rivestimento marmoreo e pavimenti in opus sectile. Questo insieme di materiali, accenato negli autori antichi (Plinio, Vitruvio), e la posizione importante di quest’ambiente, confermano che si tratta di una delle sale più lussuose della Villa.","location":"Venice","more_info":"With John R. Clarke, University of Texas","event_date":{"day":11,"month":9,"year":2013,"errors":{}},"organization":"XIIe Colloque de l’association Internationale pour de la Mosaîque Antique (AIEMA)"},"translated_abstract":"Questo articolo presenta i risultati preliminari dei lavori sulla diaeta 78 alla Villa A di Oplontis condotti dal Oplontis Project dell'Università del Texas. Si esamina due aspetti del suo programma decorativo: il rivestimento lignea delle pareti e gli schemi marmorei sia parietali che pavimentali. Negli scavi del 1976 gli archeologi avevano notato le impronte lasciate dai pannelli di legno nello strato di ceneri indurite. Nonostante il fatto che i marmi di quest’ambiente furono già asportati al momento dell’eruzione, le testimonianze archeologiche e i documenti di scavo ci hanno permesso di ricostruire lo schema decorativo originale. Si tratta di un insieme unico costituito da pannelli lignei, rivestimento marmoreo e pavimenti in opus sectile. 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This project combines innovative archaeological field methods with a rigorous approach to legacy data, applying new detection and recording techniques while also salvaging and synthesizing information from early excavations. 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