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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Plans for partial reinstatement of tunnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plans_for_partial_reinstatement_of_tunnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accidents_and_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Accidents and incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accidents_and_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wapping_Tunnel&params=53_23_59_N_2_58_11_W_type:landmark_region:GB"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°23′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°58′11″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.39972°N 2.96972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.39972; -2.96972</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Disused railway tunnel under Liverpool, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a tunnel in Liverpool. For the tunnel in London between Rotherhithe and Wapping, see <a href="/wiki/Thames_Tunnel" title="Thames Tunnel">Thames Tunnel</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Wapping Tunnel</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill,_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway,_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg/220px-Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg/330px-Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg/440px-Entrance_of_the_Railway_at_Edge_Hill%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_122456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="826" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Eastern portal in the Cavendish Cutting in 1831. The Wapping tunnel is the centre tunnel. The right hand tunnel is to the Crown St terminal Station</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Edge Hill Tunnel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_railway_station" title="Edge Hill railway station">Edge Hill railway station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Operation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">1830</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Closed</th><td class="infobox-data">1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Traffic</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liverpool-Manchester_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool-Manchester line">Liverpool-Manchester line</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg/220px-Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg/330px-Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg/440px-Edge_Hill_cutting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Eastern portal in the Cavendish Cutting today. The tunnel is the middle portal of three. The portal to the right is obscured by undergrowth.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Tunnel,_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway,_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg/220px-The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg/330px-The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg/440px-The_Tunnel%2C_from_Bury%27s_Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway%2C_1831_-_artfinder_267574.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="823" /></a><figcaption>1833 view of the tunnel, lit by gas-lights</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Wapping</b> or <b>Edge Hill Tunnel</b> in <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, England, is a tunnel route from the <a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill_railway_station" title="Edge Hill railway station">Edge Hill junction</a> in the east of the city to the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool docks">Liverpool south end docks</a> formerly used by trains on the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool-Manchester_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool-Manchester line">Liverpool-Manchester line</a> railway. The tunnel alignment is roughly east to west. The tunnel was designed by <a href="/wiki/George_Stephenson" title="George Stephenson">George Stephenson</a> with construction between 1826 and 1829 to enable goods services to operate between Liverpool docks and all locations up to <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_and_Manchester_Railway" title="Liverpool and Manchester Railway">Liverpool and Manchester Railway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first transport tunnel in the world to be bored under a city.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tunnel is 2,030 metres (1.26 mi) long, running downhill from the western end of the 262 metres (860 ft) long Cavendish cutting at <a href="/wiki/Edge_Hill,_Merseyside" class="mw-redirect" title="Edge Hill, Merseyside">Edge Hill</a> in the east of the city, to <a href="/wiki/Park_Lane_railway_goods_station" title="Park Lane railway goods station">Park Lane</a> Goods Station near <a href="/wiki/Wapping_Dock" title="Wapping Dock">Wapping Dock</a> in the west. The Edge Hill portal is near the former <a href="/wiki/Crown_Street_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Street Station">Crown Street Station</a> goods yard. The tunnel passes beneath the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Line_(Merseyrail)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Line (Merseyrail)">Merseyrail Northern Line</a> tunnel approximately a quarter of a mile south of <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Central_railway_station" title="Liverpool Central railway station">Liverpool Central underground station</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liverpool is built on an <a href="/wiki/Escarpment" title="Escarpment">escarpment</a> running down to the <a href="/wiki/River_Mersey" title="River Mersey">River Mersey</a>. The original proposal for the railway out of Liverpool was a route north along the docks and riverbank. This route proved problematic with local landowners. The new route entering the city centre from the east required considerable engineering works in addition to the tunnel. The 1-in-48 gradient of the tunnel was much too steep for the power of the steam locomotives of the day. A large stationary steam engine was installed at the Cavendish cutting at Edge Hill in a short tunnel bored into the rock face on the side of the cutting, near a decorative Moorish Arch spanning the cutting. Goods wagons were hauled by rope up from the Park Lane goods station at the south end docks. The goods wagons were hitched to locomotives at the Edge Hill junction for the continuing journey to all locations from Liverpool to Manchester. The tunnel opened in 1830 and closed on 15 May 1972. </p><p>The dockside portal to the tunnel is clearly visible on <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Dock,_Port_of_Liverpool" title="King's Dock, Port of Liverpool">Kings Dock</a> Street. This was the middle of three short exit tunnels at the western end, which met in a short open ventilation cutting between Park Lane and Upper Frederick Street. The quoted length of 2,030 metres (6,660 feet) includes both the main tunnel and the short exit tunnel. </p><p>The Edge Hill entrance is still open to the atmosphere, but is not accessible to the public. The portal is the central of three tunnels at the western end of the Cavendish cutting. The right hand tunnel is the original 1829 tunnel into <a href="/wiki/Crown_Street_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Street Station">Crown Street Station</a>. The left hand tunnel is the later 1846 tunnel into the Crown Street goods yard. This tunnel currently has tracks, for use as a headshunt and locomotive run-round for goods trains. However, artwork from before the third tunnel was constructed shows that a portal was already present from the outset<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> - this was purely for architectural symmetry and is, in fact, a store room. </p><p>Other visible evidence of the tunnel still exists, in the form of three imposing red-brick ventilation towers. One is on the landscaped park between Crown Street and Smithdown Lane, one on Blackburne Place (<i>illustration</i>), and one close to Grenville Street South. There were at least two others that were later demolished, one adjacent to Great George Street, and one by Myrtle Street. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plans_for_partial_reinstatement_of_tunnel">Plans for partial reinstatement of tunnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Plans for partial reinstatement of tunnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WappingTunnelShaft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/WappingTunnelShaft.jpg/220px-WappingTunnelShaft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/WappingTunnelShaft.jpg/330px-WappingTunnelShaft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/WappingTunnelShaft.jpg/440px-WappingTunnelShaft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>A ventilation shaft for the Wapping Tunnel, located in Blackburne Place, Liverpool</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg/220px-Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg/330px-Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg/440px-Wapping_Tunnel_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption>Inside of Tunnel from Kings Dock Street. The light seen is from an air shaft</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg/220px-Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg/330px-Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg/440px-Wapping_Tunnel_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption>Tunnel portal at Kings Dock Street at the western end</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1970s, during planning work for the <a href="/wiki/Merseyrail" title="Merseyrail">Merseyrail</a> underground in Liverpool city centre, there were two proposals to use parts of the Wapping Tunnel or <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Tunnel" title="Waterloo Tunnel">Waterloo Tunnel</a> (Victoria Tunnel) to connect <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Central_railway_station" title="Liverpool Central railway station">Liverpool Central underground station</a> and Edge Hill junction. During the construction of the Merseyrail network in the 1970s a part of the new tunnel south out of Central Station passed over the Wapping Tunnel at right angles. The new tunnel dropped into the upper part of the Wapping tunnel reducing its height.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would require lowering the floor of the tunnel at this point to allow trains to pass. When the junction on the Northern Line tunnel south of Central station was built in the late 1970s, two header tunnels were constructed to cater for branching into the Wapping Tunnel.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2007 it was reported that <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief executive">chief executive</a> of <a href="/wiki/Merseytravel" title="Merseytravel">Merseytravel</a>, Neil Scales, had prepared a report outlining the possibilities for reuse of the tunnel.<sup id="cite_ref-ic1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ic1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ic2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ic2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The November 2016 refresh of Mersytravel's Long Term Strategy references a "Wapping Tunnel Scheme" in Network Rail's <a href="/wiki/Network_Rail_Control_Periods#Control_Period_7_.28CP7.29:_2024-2029" title="Network Rail Control Periods">CP7</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merseytravel hope to re-use the tunnel to create new underground connections into burrowing junctions south of Liverpool Central station on the Northern Line to allow trains to run between Central station and Edge Hill station and beyond.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Merseytravel commissioned a feasibility study into the re-opening of the tunnel which was completed in May 2016. The study was focused on using the Wapping Tunnel to connect the Northern and City Lines together and the possible creation of a new station along the route to serve the city's <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_Quarter,_Liverpool" title="Knowledge Quarter, Liverpool">Knowledge Quarter</a>. The report found that the Wapping Tunnel was in good condition though suffered from flooding in places and would require some remedial work, however the concept of re-opening the tunnel was viable.<sup id="cite_ref-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>28 September 1907, Brakesman John Fairbrother, was working a train to the docks. The train stopped in the tunnel and as Fairbrother went to lift some of the wagon brakes he slipped bruising his back and knees. While he was not injured further, lifting the brakes caused the train to descend uncontrollably down the tracks damaging 13 wagons and 4 brake vans.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Tunnel_(Liverpool)" title="Victoria Tunnel (Liverpool)">Victoria Tunnel (Liverpool)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wapping_Tunnel_Feasibility_Study_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merseytravel.gov.uk/about-us/disclosure-logs/Documents/RSN16726%20-%20EIR%20Request%20-%20Wapping%20Tunnel%20Feasbility%20Study.pdf">"City Line to Northern Line Connection Feasibility Study"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Merseytravel</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Work%2C+Life+%26+Death&rft.atitle=Listed+accidents&rft.date=2022-09-05&rft.aulast=Esbester&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwayaccidents.port.ac.uk%2Flisted-accidents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWapping+Tunnel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapping_Tunnel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wapping_Tunnel,_Liverpool" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wapping Tunnel, Liverpool">Wapping Tunnel, Liverpool</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.subbrit.org.uk/sb-sites/sites/l/liverpool_edge_hill_cutting/index.shtml">Subterranea Britannica: Liverpool - Edge Hill Cutting & Tunnels</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=757">Engineering Timelines</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wapping_Tunnel&params=53_23_59_N_2_58_11_W_type:landmark_region:GB"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°23′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°58′11″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.39972°N 2.96972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.39972; 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