CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914d2e708b313e14',cH: 'HQgoSuWHVRSz9KODczEWoQzS3ctmZSa5sd_upeHQUrs-1740040716-1.2.1.1-MLjo8ofAiQbG7S95wHMhFyfAJ38yWA0JLABzcCuKQtCL2HGScO8HeEN830TYAeA6',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=seminal%20attributes&page=8&__cf_chl_tk=kvb3H7NKC57AufwjDyR2kZYk7_t0WunocD0TS3jAmLE-1740040716-1.0.1.1-_rLsGRvFUlDOFLHaP.lLQ.AatG9WeP0LwoKwmEMsPuk",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740040716',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=seminal%20attributes&page=8&__cf_chl_f_tk=kvb3H7NKC57AufwjDyR2kZYk7_t0WunocD0TS3jAmLE-1740040716-1.0.1.1-_rLsGRvFUlDOFLHaP.lLQ.AatG9WeP0LwoKwmEMsPuk",md: "sX29omF25.D5sNzm0EDx5r9crFXGyvOyKy52cq26_F8-1740040716-1.2.1.1-ck3fQ.E.raEY.hA2rkohSESHt9.POYU5pjkELcSKsgbqqzuAwKmPvjv1D9goXs115j.59tI9.oYtQHlcqhhZ04w7s7rGvxTIvYj5spdTwMxSuwjQkxnqzX3joIBeNEFqiKn1ovh8AbHHVMNGnUQhB4o1HexCrG6mQWAb0ihUaRTQnfPrBINxJ6pw0wYuspw6.fsXAMKtz.JOBV9dFfMWw7p6Mby_9rx4iQKyiqextfpX5wora_kQdU4kLJ7GtdJu1PCa04ZzAOk0ZZuIvYzoPHEzxuH9yWfR.F0X6S.flhua4p7eCbqN.45Q5UKo5bOIwElHW3a63TY.4z9l1DgKomfoCDla3hh8P.R6djk_51M49WroOmqaQTId55aMkg8cOj2ChB8.FCPzZKJMBbpMcJJpU9u8CzhLVIwMDG6Kx4XF_ehyC4f3nKP6bRQ8oZR6AuP1CKdLqvGoLiZdHvO8gxYrIQ.GJNB1tzscijvQE9ZPpJacU7JOVw7.4tGzfOlimhiQsNL3iKisgLAHQsXA_1tLRwfMpfcy4ZzX42gSqE9ENfSrSh.w39xhOI8CntiAVNdfZBVIZLxPXG189NDJLrt4P.aHj8hfs4W1IY54Xc.UKGXj2x0JtXGM.FBOdNZDwP3RSziV2DTio85D7jAUiQZlETybpXnb_Baw8_fa2VPF2YP33h5U__P0aUU4Q1D4IglBzogGxz4iqvX40IXRV0NuO9oP9MBMMVFZpMrMviMHf2XVKzQQE0F59xB8MUy4OvgLibnh3eY2nbFSNX2wg.0aO3G8_49FHLtXwwgiziznum7AGknZ8Z7esm.PlRxdSVSLxNiWMibI65zSGKoh6v8A7LFtlfvX6PAeUQqERJm1L3WgsZ.OrNf45Rcp_Wuo8tfqX8j.RDGoVFL5XzWlOlqsCBztE_EqyTut7Hxu8L.dnXtaI6PC5uJovokLzK9xOcrmeQliOc.qCGLOkqJ_DLxqxjEs6WzMYtIBs9XIwSrLERmqv1oAX9pIzkKIzV5egkDMo4QX_4OzFprIrhM0X7a1XsYSdHb2EpbrQhlxEKl8yXWA_LHvf9CTbvsq4H_2AumHP5ornb_d0KPvaRdREi8QOH7RAaOBk8H1SV2O1ehNZMYZ1SsUymyPV_kojME6OLQpOuzujyac1OooLZRjIkm9A.VswONUMVzjbWNON_t_iDFGH.oF350WtPrP87N8j48vhNKyIPo9bEqHexybXhm4zQ6DwgPS5bXvdWHAm5uNsEkDaIcnw00NuhzQ51m1MuyeVYTZT4v4R6hPvfzqUsRTlrS11C11Kj8mEGWSLaqgBtiCIlXiZl7AYqeXp_Gh9Xkl7nRSu3q5SvxNSw2qk78w.hwlFwtfK.1BB1ELwtctwNtscBmBkh2wckac8BYls3X0KPNoTpZnBbmvLpd67.WluvL1hC1c4xI7YCxy486GX2aB4B9GRRXWmJWpHZdyVLOHp8edtjiLKjS8Zi0JqRt0w_peNmrmQnegD8FkHiO740e9KubhrCAvUSyWziBqmlYsnLwc_DW3xYqUWuvt78eAbeZG6M1DScpTbXeMzaTtDDOthbIOIQcdVd0fcmDjJqRbtG3RzQn.7duc_zS7548VVIww4D8e12RwoQyI.EGrE87iKthm63UvmKYtYIOacWH10hdjnrvcefdvOh.BAYDKYjDFXhBN4I5egvJvsXr0wYBIeQ25F3YZDFzVmRwBb4IxV4mopB5Zv3ZQD_wPdVF.hUdFlf6ywbPDFSeAXcERyh9KHTzW2hAyk1Z7McM0EhzvPJWya6tzx7WfJgJfNrbM9LaFTCaAG2iXN9FQKfGbNwv5so_nN4R4l9hqq982lESAF5792JvqpvZtjluJBpLO8QSZiP5JVPb6GUMfQoq.F6kd_Ki5.zELBuWeeYtxBfj7vrPrrMKISQj6RLXXlELwrFDn4mZor5UMIZck1vkcWxxG9Ncv4VwYSOgx1gQv",mdrd: "KfYr5wFgYHpdWNi826TyPAzyBgA6TaedXta._NR2N_Q-1740040716-1.2.1.1-KbtTo1a6wuPHjojHwuXuVJE_1QWT0YZbqr0wCzM2JMpgALsf3ayTPvw2caA.7vSROTKur3f6pF.KVrEQQNTfqtvU20eOrKcF8X_2QVFLq_pAW3EZv1ClD4fv6n1RCAzqU.tIE4nCGGtdd_BKy2NSQI0rtfBj1sVwOJfMRqOlMnkIGII2S_TANz.3Dc9qWbpoIppiC3TLcijXwRHegUedC.u9HhGmwWQPPmWAPCqjuDHJeE_D8W_buMM4zt4_FPieMvaYc3Q6hFSqTx6.e0w0ccF6qxv_.Ftl.5rIjJOODHxkqfpleE63cR5IKHL21NSjlkES94VWn2GLNBzITg7ytxxnAjedNB02rfoiM0t93eVYhF8UkQPTFw3jKgtjJBqDb4zyAqfwZuhi8fJSJn29OZEhTuI3XKeb0M8Dj49XgNrUOaRJ9Em8f102ew2vPFiLPB5PBcUKNMEDX14E6qu43wSgGPmmqzHUeTrH6.Y4TudMj5jlsuHS5ihHP0NHMYk19syLgd0LDcfyn.Ig5FczWMAok.hnwrDjFJZVNogZC1pNBi3Xp6DhuMq2tB6DWcFRpxyx9uUaiv7tp9H5wys4ZkXxGaQpb1HTlwf06iImsm6s7IvH2OJEKNeBVs6.WrpNXFFyakuSKKG_JIu9K0rRmlNS2_seMFGzdJ0jbZn.VS9x6P5zmoowkF1JFBOI.aI6WSAZ4HtnVvgj.AwwmrhuVgYtUI1GBfgz_XLHDAOPbQuZov05lH42LYpZfMXBswf8gTqb8om6PTMsu8AMSRVoDrsR7__J9ZbKe64sjeOuLeKqL8ZkTafB6.bryD2W5cHhGpoJwT4oQQwhApDRci6g028XP7qgkfA94V5dD71wRR3GLNX1WLY5HpCy6hQfxo97gS8eLWFtqo7e7VPNABBKkMe.cqnio7AbgSeAhPxQKeCcXzn9vrT4h2JQD4dY4CacPaIqI4qCll1b0wLyXgVxfjyKor0vzJO2qEfcR4LNfsUgpKKfv65kZ4X5TxunbKqbCad5GgUnhNVNIUKrzFkJf4MLV0bFvon3lPdmSfennX4PSt0WBENjWWIVTtY251x0JyNsv7F6NnqxlSlKeQjcQx.t1Ir9w74dV2gtFzZy8dzJZNoo7x2lGVcWIhckS41BWovzuucdJaPfpfFTM5hcQr2Jc_nRVazn_n5a7jEjOSLMtp17hP3Hdanh6AY1YAq1mMXLJ.q8hvAS8OhisWrXqpcXPTesAd.NkFsNwyomSywuILncK0Hi1fdCNdqyJCsAzXx_45Bc56CSAFfxvYmwJjpwQt50JoDuA6ASQw4sA5SXXgkdUewPEOsQtmS2iBmjWEbPnurX2NRqvX5WDMXZydAM53SKPJ1uwK2TO59eeiilcNLzRgQEVmBFMUyECNx8komHrS43DT6OAP4mA00wdsY7jSwWAX9k21typoF3HmbgelHJCLpEnFh58aEkek2NhB_3l0ugLXBgVV5uAsFGuiQ6PQxvidxKyiclmB5vvWB4eOsFYfrSsPRTt3IJud1NSgKFEep58sDBeSSE3n25fo7QFf3K9in6PyXOLUt5.5sHu5dYir3NzvK0b_FD.R.nKj12nA4GEyFZGVN.k7MjRvVELd60VNnV._ZKZ5XqzBUxkhWDmOAhGeuwRc.KLEN_dk619gN8CS_EDhDv3_Du5EUv6MNx6pfh3zn7leto4VFTmVIEO42FciVSg4ojVEXuAOWFSUUa.vGzWXGHfZRG7.qc_N1EsWDPLznfILOJW6e5qYiJWVFxttGbQqRhsBQLWIOTLPyBlVn.HbhBBRyZDqPYcoZuvG5OHjRU5CaPwkO_APnxhVrxUXFp.zTp3lHKMV1MqOGiR7HhGtH7M72w.mh5msgUXqRf.4N2wnWzVCSozCzn7vsNCd8hmS02CnCdHcCiBN1gP.zfpJbWIYMi6pz2Iy65uh7mBT00DAKFPgpMe_Pf0ybI6mTNIcVkuHo1"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914d2e708b313e14';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=seminal%20attributes&page=8&__cf_chl_rt_tk=kvb3H7NKC57AufwjDyR2kZYk7_t0WunocD0TS3jAmLE-1740040716-1.0.1.1-_rLsGRvFUlDOFLHaP.lLQ.AatG9WeP0LwoKwmEMsPuk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>