Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames</title> <meta name="description" content="Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames"> <meta name="keywords" content="Soot, spray angle, turbulent flames, liquid fuel."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames"> <meta name="citation_author" content="K. Bashirnezhad"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. Moghiman"> <meta name="citation_author" content="M. Javadi Amoli"> <meta name="citation_author" content="F. Tofighi"> <meta name="citation_author" content="S. Zabetnia"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2008/05/27"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="2"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="5"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="670"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="675"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/4832/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Bashirnezhad">K. Bashirnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Moghiman"> M. Moghiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Javadi%20Amoli"> M. Javadi Amoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Tofighi"> F. Tofighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Zabetnia"> S. Zabetnia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Results are presented from a combined experimental and modeling study undertaken to understand the effect of fuel spray angle on soot production in turbulent liquid spray flames. The experimental work was conducted in a cylindrical laboratory furnace at fuel spray cone angle of 30潞, 45潞 and 60潞. Soot concentrations inside the combustor are measured by filter paper technique. The soot concentration is modeled by using the soot particle number density and the mass density based acetylene concentrations. Soot oxidation occurred by both hydroxide radicals and oxygen molecules. The comparison of calculated results against experimental measurements shows good agreement. Both the numerical and experimental results show that the peak value of soot and its location in the furnace depend on fuel spray cone angle. An increase in spray angle enhances the evaporating rate and peak temperature near the nozzle. Although peak soot concentration increase with enhance of fuel spray angle but soot emission from the furnace decreases. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/4832.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soot" title="Soot">Soot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spray%20angle" title=" spray angle"> spray angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turbulent%20flames" title=" turbulent flames"> turbulent flames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=liquid%20fuel." title=" liquid fuel."> liquid fuel.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Digital Object Identifier (DOI):</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1059940" target="_blank">doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1059940</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/effect-of-fuel-spray-angle-on-soot-formation-in-turbulent-spray-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1883</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] I. Glassman, "Sooting laminar diffusion flames, effect of dilution, additives, pressure, and microgravity," Proc Combust Instit, 27:1589 (1998). <br>[2] J. F. Roesler, S. Martinot, C. S. McEnally, L. D. Pfefferle, J. L. Delfau, and C. Vovelle, "Investigating the role of methane on the growth of aromatic hydrocarbons and soot in fundamental combustion processes," Comb. Flame J., vol. 134, pp. 249-260, 2003. <br>[3] S. J. Brookes, and J. B. Moss, "Predictions of soot thermal radiation properties in confined turbulent jet diffusion flames," Comb. Flame J., vol. 116, pp. 486-503, 1999. <br>[4] T. M. Gruenberger, M. Moghiman, P. J. Bowen and N. Syred, "Dynamic of soot formation by turbulent combustion and thermal decomposition of natural gas," Comb. sci. tech. J., vol. 174, pp. 67-86, 2002. <br>[5] B. Yang, and U. O. Koylu, "Detailed soot field in a turbulent nonpremixed ethylene/air flame from laser scattering and extinction experiments," Comb. Flame J., vol. 141, pp. 55-65, 2005. <br>[6] A. Beltrame, P. Porshnev, W. Merchan-Merchan, A. Saveliev, A. Fridman, L. A. Kennedy, O. Petrova, S. Zhdanok, F. Amouri. O. and Charon, "Soot and NO Formation in Methane-Oxygen Enriched Diffusion Flames," Comb. Flame J., vol. 124, pp. 295-310, 2001. <br>[7] M. Moghiman, and M. R Maneshkarimi, "On the dependence of spray evaporation and combustion on atomization techniques," Iranian Sci. Tech. J., vol. 25, pp. 241-252, 2001. <br>[8] M. Sommerfeld, and H. H. Qiu, "Experimental studies of spray evaporation in turbulent flows," Heat Fluid Flow J., vol. 19, pp. 10-22, 1998. <br>[9] AVL Smoke Measurement, AVL LIST GMBH, Graz (2001). <br>[10] A. E. German, and T. Mahmud, "Modeling of non-premixed swirl burner flows using a Reynolds-stress turbulence closure," Fuel J., vol. 84, pp. 583-594, 2005. <br>[11] J. Zhang, S. Nieh, and L. Zhou, "A new version of algebraic stress model for simulating strongly swirling flows," Numerical Heat Transfer J., vol. 22, pp. 49-62, 1992. <br>[12] P. M. Patterson, A. G. Kyne, M. Pourkashanian, A. Williams, and C. W. Wilson, "Combustion of kerosene in counter flow diffusion flames," Propulsion Power J., vol. 6, pp. 453-460, 2001. <br>[13] C. K. Westbrook, and F. L. Dryer, "Simplified reaction mechanisms for the oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels in flames," Comb. Sci. Tech. J., vol. 27, pp. 31-45, 1981. <br>[14] N. Y. Sharma, and S. K. Dom, "Influence of fuel volatility and spray parameters on combustion characteristics and NOx emission in a gas turbine combustor," Applied Thermal Eng. J., vol. 24, pp. 885-903, 2004. <br>[15] J. B. Moss, C. D. Stewart, and K. J. Young, "Modeling soot formation and oxidation in a high temperature laminar diffusion flame burning under oxygen-enriched conditions," Comb. Flame J., vol. 101, pp. 491- 500, 1995. <br>[16] G. M. Faeth,, "Evaporation and combustion of sprays," Prog. Energy Comb. Sci. J., vol. 9 pp. 1-76, 1983. <br>[17] K. M Lueng, R. P. Lindstedt, and W. P. 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Flame J., vol. 135, pp. 323-340, 2003. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

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Effect of Fuel Spray Angle on Soot Formation in Turbulent Spray Flames