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href="https://yastatic.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://exchange.buzzoola.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://pb.adriver.ru"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://ad.mail.ru"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://ads.betweendigital.com"> <script src="https://yandex.ru/ads/system/header-bidding.js" async></script> <script>window.yaContextCb = window.yaContextCb || []</script> <script src="https://yandex.ru/ads/system/context.js" async></script> <script src="https://content.adriver.ru/AdRiverFPS.js" async></script> <script src="https://cdn.skcrtxr.com/roxot-wrapper/js/roxot-manager.js?pid=1f462bba-63b2-4d05-8a2c-12cb7f02b607" async></script> <script> const adfoxBiddersMap = { "myTarget": "763128", "betweenDigital": "793538", "adriver": "776589", "relap": "958503", "otm": "1460822", "getintent": "958501", "buzzoola": "769160", "segmento": "1458193", "sape": "1697231", "mediasniper": "2297743", 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