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DNS – Vikipedija
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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aukščiausiojo lygio sritys subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aukščiausiojo_lygio_sritys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Šakniniai_vardų_serveriai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Šakniniai_vardų_serveriai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Šakniniai vardų serveriai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Šakniniai_vardų_serveriai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antro_lygio_sritys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antro_lygio_sritys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Antro lygio sritys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antro_lygio_sritys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vardo_skleidimas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vardo_skleidimas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vardo skleidimas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vardo_skleidimas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vardų_registracija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vardų_registracija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vardų registracija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vardų_registracija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DNS_tarnybos_organizacija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DNS_tarnybos_organizacija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>DNS tarnybos organizacija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DNS_tarnybos_organizacija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lietuvos_tarnybos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lietuvos_tarnybos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lietuvos tarnybos</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Lietuvos_tarnybos-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Lietuvos tarnybos subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Lietuvos_tarnybos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-WHOIS_duomenų_bazė" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WHOIS_duomenų_bazė"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>WHOIS duomenų bazė</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WHOIS_duomenų_bazė-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LT_vardų_serveriai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LT_vardų_serveriai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>LT vardų serveriai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LT_vardų_serveriai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taip_pat_skaitykite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taip_pat_skaitykite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Taip pat skaitykite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taip_pat_skaitykite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuorodos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuorodos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Nuorodos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuorodos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Turinys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">DNS</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 80 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">80 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeinnaamstelsel" title="Domeinnaamstelsel – afrikanų" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Domeinnaamstelsel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="نظام أسماء النطاقات – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظام أسماء النطاقات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سيسطيم تاع سميات الضومينات – Maroko arabų" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سيسطيم تاع سميات الضومينات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Maroko arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_nomes_de_dominiu" title="Sistema de nomes de dominiu – asturianų" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sistema de nomes de dominiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturianų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – azerbaidžaniečių" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžaniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – bavarų" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – baltarusių" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltarusių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – bulgarų" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE" title="ডোমেইন নেম সিস্টেম – bengalų" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডোমেইন নেম সিস্টেম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – bosnių" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیستمی ناوی پاوان – soranių kurdų" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیستمی ناوی پاوان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranių kurdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%9F%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8D%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Σύστημα Ονοματοδοσίας Διαδικτύου – graikų" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σύστημα Ονοματοδοσίας Διαδικτύου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="graikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%ACni_(inform%C3%A0tica)" title="Domìni (informàtica) – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Domìni (informàtica)" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domajna_nomsistemo" title="Domajna nomsistemo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Domajna nomsistemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_nombres_de_dominio" title="Sistema de nombres de dominio – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema de nombres de dominio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeeninimede_s%C3%BCsteem" title="Domeeninimede süsteem – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Domeeninimede süsteem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – baskų" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87" title="سامانه نام دامنه – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سامانه نام دامنه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – suomių" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="suomių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – galisų" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A3%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80" title="ડોમેન નામ પ્રણાલી – gudžaratų" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ડોમેન નામ પ્રણાલી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – hebrajų" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="डोमेन नाम प्रणाली – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डोमेन नाम प्रणाली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustav_domenskih_imena" title="Sustav domenskih imena – kroatų" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sustav domenskih imena" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – vengrų" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="vengrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – armėnų" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_Penamaan_Domain" title="Sistem Penamaan Domain – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sistem Penamaan Domain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemo_di_domeno-nomi" title="Sistemo di domeno-nomi – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sistemo di domeno-nomi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafna%C3%BEj%C3%B3nn" title="Nafnaþjónn – islandų" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nafnaþjónn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – italų" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Домендік атау жүйесі – kazachų" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Домендік атау жүйесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B8_%EB%84%A4%EC%9E%84_%EC%8B%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%9C" title="도메인 네임 시스템 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도메인 네임 시스템" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Домен аталыштар системасы – kirgizų" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Домен аталыштар системасы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – limburgiečių" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – lombardų" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mui%C5%BEvuordu_sistema" title="Muižvuordu sistema – latgalių" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Muižvuordu sistema" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="latgalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_(protokols)" title="DNS (protokols) – latvių" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="DNS (protokols)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Доменски именски систем – makedonų" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Доменски именски систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%82" title="ഡൊമെയിൻ നെയിം സിസ്റ്റം – malajalių" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡൊമെയിൻ നെയിം സിസ്റ്റം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Домэйн нэрийн систем – mongolų" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Домэйн нэрийн систем" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_Nama_Domain" title="Sistem Nama Domain – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sistem Nama Domain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – naujoji norvegų" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="naujoji norvegų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – norvegų bukmolas" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegų bukmolas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8ma_de_noms_de_domeni" title="Sistèma de noms de domeni – očitarų" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sistèma de noms de domeni" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="očitarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_Nomes_de_Dom%C3%ADnio" title="Sistema de Nomes de Domínio – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema de Nomes de Domínio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – rumunų" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – jakutų" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – serbų-kroatų" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbų-kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A9m_n%C3%A1zvov_dom%C3%A9n" title="Systém názvov domén – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Systém názvov domén" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – slovėnų" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemi_i_Emrave_t%C3%AB_Domen%C3%ABve" title="Sistemi i Emrave të Domenëve – albanų" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sistemi i Emrave të Domenëve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Систем имена домена – serbų" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Систем имена домена" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A4nnamnssystemet" title="Domännamnssystemet – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Domännamnssystemet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="களப் பெயர் முறைமை – tamilų" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="களப் பெயர் முறைமை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="డొమైన్ నేమ్ సిస్టమ్ – telugų" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="డొమైన్ నేమ్ సిస్టమ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA" title="ดีเอ็นเอส – tajų" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดีเอ็นเอส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – turkų" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Система доменних імен – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Система доменних імен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%DA%88%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="نظام ڈومین نیم – urdų" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نظام ڈومین نیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_de_nome_de_dominio" title="Sistema de nome de dominio – venetų" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sistema de nome de dominio" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_th%E1%BB%91ng_ph%C3%A2n_gi%E1%BA%A3i_t%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n" title="Hệ thống phân giải tên miền – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hệ thống phân giải tên miền" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="域名系统 – kinų kalbos vu tarmė" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="域名系统" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos vu tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – jorubų" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="域名系统 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="域名系统" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System – kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Domain Name System" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS" title="DNS – kinų kalbos Kantono tarmė" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="DNS" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos Kantono tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8767#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Keisti tarpkalbines nuorodas" class="wbc-editpage">Keisti nuorodas</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vardų sritys"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/DNS" title="Rodyti puslapio turinį [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Straipsnis</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aptarimas:DNS&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Puslapio turinio aptarimas (puslapis neegzistuoja) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Aptarimas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">lietuvių</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Žiūrėti"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/DNS"><span>Skaityti</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit" title="Redaguoti šį puslapį [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Keisti</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit" title="Redaguoti šio puslapio išeities kodą [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Keisti vikitekstą</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=history" title="Ankstesnės puslapio versijos [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istorija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Įrankiai" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Įrankiai</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Įrankiai</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">paslėpti</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daugiau nustatymų" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Veiksmai </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/DNS"><span>Skaityti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit" title="Redaguoti šį puslapį [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Keisti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit" title="Redaguoti šio puslapio išeities kodą [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Keisti vikitekstą</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=history"><span>Istorija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bendra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Kas_%C4%AF_%C4%8Dia_rodo/DNS" title="Viki puslapių sąrašas, kuris nurodo čia [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Susiję straipsniai</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Pakeitimai_susijusiuose_puslapiuose/DNS" rel="nofollow" title="Paskutiniai keitimai puslapiuose, pasiekiamuose iš šio puslapio [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Susiję keitimai</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Specialieji_puslapiai" title="Specialiųjų puslapių sąrašas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialieji puslapiai</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&oldid=7369939" title="Nuolatinė nuoroda į šią puslapio versiją"><span>Nuolatinė nuoroda</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=info" title="Daugiau žinių apie šį puslapį"><span>Puslapio informacija</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:CiteThisPage&page=DNS&id=7369939&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacija kaip cituoti šį puslapį"><span>Cituoti straipsnį</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDNS"><span>Gauti sutrumpintą URL nuorodą</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDNS"><span>Atsisiųsti QR kodą</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Spausdinti/eksportuoti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=DNS"><span>Kurti knygą</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:DownloadAsPdf&page=DNS&action=show-download-screen"><span>Parsisiųsti kaip PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&printable=yes" title="Šio puslapio versija spausdinimui [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versija spausdinimui</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kituose projektuose </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Domain_name_system" hreflang="en"><span>Vikiteka</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8767" title="Nuoroda į susietą duomenų saugyklos įrašą [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiduomenys įrašas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Išvaizda"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Išvaizda</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslėpti</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><p><b>DNS</b> (<a href="/wiki/Angl%C5%B3_kalba" title="Anglų kalba">angl.</a> <i>Domain Name System</i>, liet. Srities vardų struktūra) – <a href="/wiki/Internetas" title="Internetas">internete</a> be skaitinių <a href="/wiki/IP_adresas" title="IP adresas">IP adresų</a> naudojami simboliniai vardai. Leidžia kreiptis į tinklo resursus lengviau įsimenamu simboliniu vardu. Pvz., lt.wikipedia.org, o ne 91.198.174.2. Jie dar vadinami domeniniais ir sudaromi pagal tam tikrą hierarchinę struktūrą. DNS <a href="/wiki/Serveris" title="Serveris">serveris</a> yra neatskiriama <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> tinklų dalis. Susijungiant <a href="/wiki/Kompiuteris" title="Kompiuteris">kompiuteriams</a> internete, DNS serveriai naudojami kiekvieną kartą, kai vartotojas nurodo serverio, tam kad priskirti duotos sistemos vardui jo IP adresą. Atskiro kompiuterio vartotojas DNS serverio adresą gauna susijungdamas su savo interneto tiekėju. TCP/IP tinklų administratoriai nurodo DNS serverio adresus konfigūruodami klientų TCP/IP. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aukščiausiojo_lygio_sritys"><span id="Auk.C5.A1.C4.8Diausiojo_lygio_sritys"></span>Aukščiausiojo lygio sritys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Aukščiausiojo lygio sritys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Aukščiausiojo lygio sritys"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kiekvieno DNS vardo pirmasis žodis iš dešinės nurodo aukščiausiojo lygio domeną (<a href="/wiki/Angl%C5%B3_kalba" title="Anglų kalba">angl.</a> <i>top level domain</i>). Šie domenai iš esmės funkcionuoja kaip registracijos biurai antrojo lygio domenams. Pvz., example.net administratorius kreipėsi į aukščiausiojo lygio domeną net ir užregistruoja ten vardą example.net, sumokėjęs tam tikrą pinigų sumą. Dabar šis administratorius turi išskirtinę teisę skirti vardus šio „example.net“ domeno ribose, pavyzdžiui, www.example.net ir abc.def.example.net </p><p>Aukščiausiojo lygio domenų skirstymas: </p> <ul><li>bendrieji: <ul><li>com – komercinės organizacijos;</li> <li>edu – Šiaurės Amerikos mokslo įstaigos;</li> <li>gov – <a href="/wiki/JAV" class="mw-redirect" title="JAV">JAV</a> vyriausybinės organizacijos;</li> <li>int – organizacijos, sukurtos tarptautiniu susitarimu;</li> <li>mil – JAV karinės organizacijos;</li> <li>net – tinklo organizacijos;</li> <li>org – ne komercinės organizacijos.</li></ul></li> <li>valstybių: <ul><li>CC - dviraidis šalies kodas (CC - country code)</li></ul></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/2000" class="mw-redirect" title="2000">2000</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Lapkri%C4%8Dio_17" title="Lapkričio 17">lapkričio 17</a> d., ICANN patvirtino naujas aukščiausio lygmens sritis: </p> <ul><li>biz – verslo organizacijos;</li> <li>info – neapribotam naudojimui;</li> <li>name – privatiems asmenims;</li> <li>pro – profesiniams atstovams;</li> <li>museum – muziejams;</li> <li>aero – oro transporto kompanijoms;</li> <li>coop – kooperacinėms bendrovėms;</li></ul> <p>Sritys edu, gov, int ir mil registruotos sertifikuotų organizacijų naudojimui, o sritys – com, org ir net vadinami globaliais domenais (global domain), kadangi bet kokios organizacijos gali užregistruoti savus antro lygio domenus šiuose domenuose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Šakniniai_vardų_serveriai"><span id=".C5.A0akniniai_vard.C5.B3_serveriai"></span>Šakniniai vardų serveriai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Šakniniai vardų serveriai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Šakniniai vardų serveriai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dauguma atvejų DNS serveriai, neturintys informacijos apie prašomą vardą, siunčia iteracinę užklausą vienam iš šakninių vardų serverių. Šakniniai vardų serveriai (Root Name Server) saugo informaciją apie visus aukščiausiojo lygio domenus, esančius DNS vardų erdvėje. </p><p>Diegiant naują DNS serverį, vieninteliai adresai, reikalingi klientų užklausų apdorojimui, yra šakninių serverių adresai, kadangi šie serveriai gali nukreipti užklausą į bet kurį aukščiausiojo lygio domeną ir taip toliau iki autoritetinio informacijos šaltinio. Šiuo metu egzistuoja 13 šakninių serverių, kurie apdoroja milijonus užklausų kiekvieną parą. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antro_lygio_sritys">Antro lygio sritys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Antro lygio sritys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Antro lygio sritys"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aukščiausiojo lygio domeno vardų registracijos tarnybos saugo įrašus, identifikuojančius kiekvieno antro lygio domenų savininkus, taip pat dviejų jų DNS serverių IP adresus, kurie funkcionuos kaip tolesnis informacijos šaltinis apie antro lygio subdomenus. Norėdama formuoti antrojo lygio domeną, organizacija turi turėti mažiausiai du DNS serverius, dar vadinamus autoritetiniais. </p><p>Egzistuoja DNS serverių versijos visoms pagrindinėms tinklų operacinėms sistemoms. Šie serveriai yra vieninteliai šaltiniai apie pilną konkretaus domeno informaciją. Kai tinklo administratorius nori papildyti savo tinklą dar vienu hostu ar subdomenu, jis būtinai atnaujina informaciją savo DNS serveryje. Kai vartotojas arba programa, kur nors internete bando nustatyti IP adresą susieta su konkrečiu vardu, jo užklausos keliauja iš DNS aukščiausiojo lygio serverio į nurodytą antrojo lygmens domeno serverį. Būtent dėl to DNS nusakoma, kaip išskirstyta duomenų bazė. </p><p>Informacija apie atskirus hostus, įeinančius į konkretų domeną, saugomas to domeno autoritetiniame to domeno serveryje. Nėra jokio pilno visų hostų vardų sąrašo interneto tinkle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vardo_skleidimas">Vardo skleidimas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Vardo skleidimas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Vardo skleidimas"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Žiūrint kliento akimis, procedūra vykdoma šitaip: taikomoji programa siunčia užklausą DNS serveriui, kuris saugo ieškomą vardą, paskui serveris atsako pranešimu, kur saugomas <a href="/wiki/IP" class="mw-disambig" title="IP">IP</a> adresas, atitinkamas duotajam vardui. Gavusi šį adresą programa jau gali nusiųsti pranešimą reikiama kryptimi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vardų_registracija"><span id="Vard.C5.B3_registracija"></span>Vardų registracija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Vardų registracija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Vardų registracija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Procesas, kai hostų vardai ir IP adresai suvedami į duomenų bazę, vadinasi vardo registracija (name registration). Vardų registracijai skirta daug tarnybų, registracijos kaina svyruoja priklausomai nuo vardo srities. Kai kurių šalių sritys registruojamos nemokamai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DNS_tarnybos_organizacija">DNS tarnybos organizacija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: DNS tarnybos organizacija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: DNS tarnybos organizacija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Korporacinis tinklas, sujungtas su internetu, gali naudoti interneto tiekėjo DNS serverius, taip pat turėti savo nuosavus DNS serverius. Naudojimasis interneto tiekėjo DNS serverio privalumas tame, kad galima dalį darbo perkelti tiekėjui, tuo pačiu mažiau rūpinantys DNS serverio priežiūra. Kitas privalumas gali būti tai, kad interneto tiekėjas paprastai turi plačiajuostį interneto ryšį, užtikrinanti greitą ryšį su DNS serveriu. Tačiau yra daug atveju, kai administratoriai savo DNS serverius turi prižiūrėti patys. </p><p>Šiuo metu dauguma DNS serverių yra pritaikytos įvairioms operacinėms sistemoms: <a href="/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX">UNIX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=NetWare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NetWare (puslapis neegzistuoja)">NetWare</a>. Visi šie serveriai atitinka pagrindinius DNS standartus ir užtikrina iš esmės tas pačias funkcijas, tik kiek skirtinga vartotojo sąsaja. </p><p>Įprasta, kad DNS serverių versijos skirtos įvairioms UNIX atmainoms, skiriasi nuo Windows analogų didesnių galimybių gausa, didesniu lankstumu, o dažnai ir ne tokia draugiška sąsaja. Pats populiariausias šių serverių vadinamas <a href="/w/index.php?title=BIND&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BIND (puslapis neegzistuoja)">BIND</a> (Berkley Internet Name Domain). </p><p>Iš pradžių ši sistema buvo skirta naudoti su operacine sistema <a href="/wiki/BSD" title="BSD">BSD</a> – UNIX, bet paskui pritaikyta ir kitoms sistemoms, tarp jų ir Windows. Operacinė sistema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Novell_NetWare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novell NetWare (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Novell NetWare</a> naudoja programą pavadinimu UNICO. Ši programa turi tekstinę sąsają ir valdoma per meniu sistemą. </p><p>DNS veiksmingumui ir diagnozei naudojama įvairių programinių priemonių, kaip, pvz., <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nslookup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nslookup (puslapis neegzistuoja)">nslookup</a> ir k.t. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lietuvos_tarnybos">Lietuvos tarnybos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Lietuvos tarnybos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Lietuvos tarnybos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>LT adresų sritis įkurta <a href="/wiki/1992" class="mw-redirect" title="1992">1992</a> m. Nuo <a href="/wiki/1995" class="mw-redirect" title="1995">1995</a> m. Lietuvos (.LT) adresų sritį administruoja <a href="/wiki/KTU" class="mw-redirect" title="KTU">KTU</a> SC (dabartiniu metu KTU ITD Interneto paslaugų centras). Pirmieji įkurti .LT adresų srities pavadinimai buvo: KTU.LT, VU.LT, MII.LT </p><p>Iki <a href="/wiki/2004" class="mw-redirect" title="2004">2004</a> m. lapkričio mėn. įkurta 20 800 .LT adresų sričių pavadinimų. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WHOIS_duomenų_bazė"><span id="WHOIS_duomen.C5.B3_baz.C4.97"></span>WHOIS duomenų bazė</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: WHOIS duomenų bazė" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: WHOIS duomenų bazė"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iki <a href="/wiki/2001" class="mw-redirect" title="2001">2001</a> m. gruodžio mėnesio .LT adresų sričių pavadinimų duomenų bazė buvo laikoma RIPE WHOIS duomenų bazių serveriuose Amsterdame. 2001 m. <a href="/wiki/Gruod%C5%BEio_10" title="Gruodžio 10">gruodžio 10</a> d. .LT adresų sričių pavadinimų duomenų bazė perkelta į DomReg WHOIS duomenų bazių serverį: whois.domreg.lt </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LT_vardų_serveriai"><span id="LT_vard.C5.B3_serveriai"></span>LT vardų serveriai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: LT vardų serveriai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: LT vardų serveriai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Šiuo metu pasaulyje yra 7 autoritetiniai .LT srities vardų serveriai: Pirminis: a.tld.lt Antriniai: </p> <ul><li>b.tld.lt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anycast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anycast (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Anycast</a>, pasiekiamas <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>)</li> <li>c.tld.lt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anycast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anycast (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Anycast</a>, pasiekiamas <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>)</li> <li>d.ltd.lt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anycast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anycast (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Anycast</a>, pasiekiamas <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>)</li> <li>e.tld.lt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anycast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anycast (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Anycast</a>)</li> <li>f.tld.lt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anycast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anycast (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Anycast</a>, pasiekiamas <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taip_pat_skaitykite">Taip pat skaitykite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Taip pat skaitykite" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Taip pat skaitykite"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuorodos">Nuorodos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nuorodos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DNS&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Nuorodos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opendns.com/">OpenDNS</a></li></ul> <div class="sister-wikipedia"><div class="sister-project"><span class="interProject"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/DNS" class="extiw" title="wikt:DNS">Vikižodynas </a></span></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐ckrcl Cached time: 20241122182307 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.016 seconds Real time usage: 0.024 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 101/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 348/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 38/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time 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