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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cernos" title="Cernos – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cernos" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Кернос – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кернос" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernos_(Kultgef%C3%A4%C3%9F)" title="Kernos (Kultgefäß) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kernos (Kultgefäß)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Κέρνος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κέρνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerno" title="Cerno – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cerno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kernos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernos" title="Kernos – 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pottery ring for holding offerings</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg/220px-Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg/330px-Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg/440px-Kernos_Melos_Sevres_3552.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2081" data-file-height="1579" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">Terracotta</a> kernos from the <a href="/wiki/Cycladic_art" title="Cycladic art">Cycladic period</a> (<i>ca.</i> 2000 BCE), found at <a href="/wiki/Melos" class="mw-redirect" title="Melos">Melos</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg/220px-NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg/330px-NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg/440px-NAMA_Myst%C3%A8res_d%27Eleusis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1604" data-file-height="1924" /></a><figcaption>In this votive plaque depicting elements of the <a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a>, a female figure <i>(top center of rectangular portion)</i> wears a kernos on her head</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Typology_of_Greek_vase_shapes" title="Typology of Greek vase shapes">typology of ancient Greek pottery</a>, the <b>kernos</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">κέρνος</span> or <span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">κέρχνος</span></span>, plural <i>kernoi</i>) is a pottery ring or stone tray to which are attached several small vessels for holding offerings. Its unusual design is described in literary sources, which also list the ritual ingredients it might contain.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The kernos was used primarily in the cults of <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Kore</a>, and of <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a> and <a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The form begins in the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> in stone, in the earliest stages of the <a href="/wiki/Minoan_civilization" title="Minoan civilization">Minoan civilization</a>, around 3,000 BCE. They were produced in <a href="/wiki/Minoan_pottery" title="Minoan pottery">Minoan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cycladic_art#Pottery" title="Cycladic art">Cycladic pottery</a>, being the most elaborate shape in the latter, and right through <a href="/wiki/Pottery_of_ancient_Greece" title="Pottery of ancient Greece">ancient Greek pottery</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Duenos_Inscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Duenos Inscription">Duenos Inscription</a>, one of the earliest known <a href="/wiki/Old_Latin" title="Old Latin">Old Latin</a> texts, variously dated from the 7th to the 5th century BCE,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is inscribed round a kernos of three linked pots, of an Etruscan type. </p><p>The Greek term is sometimes applied to similar compound vessels from other cultures found in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Basin">Mediterranean</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_description">Literary description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kernos&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Literary description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> preserves an ancient description of the kernos as: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>a <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a> vessel with many little bowls stuck on to it. In them there is sage, white poppy heads, wheat, barley, peas (?), vetches (?), pulse, lentils, beans, spelt (?), oats, cakes of compressed fruit, honey, olive oil, wine, milk, and unwashed sheep's wool. When one has carried this vessel, like a <i><a href="/wiki/Liknon" class="mw-redirect" title="Liknon">liknophoros</a></i>, he tastes of the contents.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The kernos was carried in procession at the <a href="/wiki/Eleusinian_Mysteries" title="Eleusinian Mysteries">Eleusinian Mysteries</a> atop the head of a priestess, as can be found depicted in art. A lamp was sometimes placed in the middle of a stationary kernos.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kernos&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacquelyn Collins-Clinton, A Late Antique Shrine of Liber Pater at Cosa (Brill, 1976), pp. 29 –30 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CsoUAAAAIAAJ&dq=kernos&pg=PA30">online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Phillippe Borgeaud, <i>Mother of the Gods: From Cybele to the Virgin Mary</i> (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, English translation 2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y9O96bVwwKkC&dq=kernos&pg=PA113"><i>passim</i>.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Osvaldo Sacchi, "Il trivaso del Quirinale", in <i>Revue Interantionale de Droit de l'Antiquité</i>, 2001, p. 277; citing: Attilio Degrassi, <i><a href="/wiki/Inscriptiones_Latinae_Liberae_Rei_Publicae" class="mw-redirect" title="Inscriptiones Latinae Liberae Rei Publicae">Inscriptiones Latinae Liberae Rei Publicae</a></i>, 1, 1957; Arthur Gordon, "Notes on the Duenos-Vase Inscription in Berlin", <i>California Studies in Classical Antiquity</i>, Vol. 8, 1975, pp. 53–72; Giovanni Colonna, "Duenos", in <i>Studi Etruschi</i>, <b>47</b>, 1979, pp. 163–172; Brent Vine, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pies.ucla.edu/IESV/1/BV_Duenos.pdf">"A Note on the Duenos Inscription"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102829/http://www.pies.ucla.edu/IESV/1/BV_Duenos.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_at_Los_Angeles" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California at Los Angeles">University of California at Los Angeles</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Excavations at Mohenjo Daro, Pakistan: The Pottery</i> (University of Pennsylvania Museum, 1986), p. 226 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4iew_THp8foC&dq=kernos&pg=PA226">online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a> 11.478c = Polemon, frg. 88 Preller; English translation from Homer A. Thompson, <i>Hellenistic Pottery and Terracottas</i> (American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1987), p. 448 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ec8ejUxhfVwC&dq=kernos&pg=PA148">online.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The verb <i>kernophorein</i> means "to bear the <i>kernos</i>"; the noun for this is <i>kernophoria</i>; Stephanos Xanthoudides, "Cretan Kernoi," <i>Annual of the British School at Athens</i> 12 (1906), p. 9.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Greek_vase_shapes" title="Template:Greek vase shapes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_vase_shapes" title="Template talk:Greek vase shapes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_vase_shapes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek vase shapes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greek_vase_shapes166" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Typology_of_Greek_vase_shapes" title="Typology of Greek vase shapes">Greek vase shapes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wine vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">Amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotyla" title="Cotyla">Kotyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">Kantharos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karkhesion" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkhesion">Karkhesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyathos" title="Kyathos">Kyathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kylix" title="Kylix">Kylix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakaina" title="Lakaina">Lakaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastos" title="Mastos">Mastos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenochoe" title="Oenochoe">Oenochoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelike" title="Pelike">Pelike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psykter" title="Psykter">Psykter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyton" title="Rhyton">Rhyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyphos" title="Skyphos">Skyphos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Water vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydria" title="Hydria">Hydria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydriske" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydriske">Hydriske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpis_(pottery)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalpis (pottery)">Kalpis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixing vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dinos" title="Dinos">Dinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">Krater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cookware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olla_(Roman_pot)" title="Olla (Roman pot)">Chytra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebes" title="Lebes">Lebes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tableware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_plate" title="Fish plate">Pinakion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perfume, oil, and wedding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabastron" title="Alabastron">Alabastron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryballos" title="Aryballos">Aryballos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askos_(pottery_vessel)" title="Askos (pottery vessel)">Askos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebes_Gamikos" class="mw-redirect" title="Lebes Gamikos">Lebes Gamikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekythos" title="Lekythos">Lekythos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydion" title="Lydion">Lydion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelike" title="Pelike">Pelike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyxis_(vessel)" title="Pyxis (vessel)">Pyxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirrup_jar" title="Stirrup jar">Stirrup jar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funerary and religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kernos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekythos" title="Lekythos">Lekythos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loutrophoros" title="Loutrophoros">Loutrophoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patera" title="Patera">Phiale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">Amphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calathus_(basket)" title="Calathus (basket)">Calathus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olla_(Roman_pot)" title="Olla (Roman pot)">Chytra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebes" title="Lebes">Lebes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelike" title="Pelike">Pelike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pithos" title="Pithos">Pithos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situla" title="Situla">Situla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamnos" title="Stamnos">Stamnos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_skyphos" title="Band skyphos">Band skyphos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epinetron" title="Epinetron">Epinetron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_lamp" title="Oil lamp">Luchnos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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