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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Gordon Philip Saville</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GordonPSaville.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/90/GordonPSaville.jpg/220px-GordonPSaville.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/90/GordonPSaville.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="328" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Major General Gordon Philip Saville</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1902-09-14</span>)</span>September 14, 1902<br /><a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon, Georgia</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">January 31, 1984<span style="display:none">(1984-01-31)</span> (aged 81)<br /><a href="/wiki/Lackland_Air_Force_Base" title="Lackland Air Force Base">Lackland Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bexar_County,_Texas" title="Bexar County, Texas">Bexar County, Texas</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="United States"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg/25px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg/38px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Army_Reserve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Reserve">U.S. Army Reserve</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/25px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/38px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/50px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">U.S. Army Air Corps</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/25px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/38px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/50px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">U.S. Army Air Forces</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1923–1951</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-O8_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/US-O8_insignia.svg/20px-US-O8_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/US-O8_insignia.svg/30px-US-O8_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/US-O8_insignia.svg/40px-US-O8_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1252" data-file-height="583" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">Major General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/XII_Fighter_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="XII Fighter Command">XII Fighter Command</a><br />First Tactical Air Force<br /><a href="/wiki/III_Tactical_Air_Command" title="III Tactical Air Command">III Tactical Air Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Defense Command">Air Defense Command</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)">Distinguished Flying Cross</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Distinguished Service Medal</a> (2)<br /><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Star_Medal" title="Bronze Star Medal">Bronze Star Medal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Merit" title="Legion of Merit">Legion of Merit</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Medal" title="Air Medal">Air Medal</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gordon Philip Saville</b> (September 14, 1902 – January 31, 1984)<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> major general who was the top authority on US <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> from 1940 to 1951. Blunt and direct in manner, Saville had been an outspoken proponent of tactical aviation in the 1930s against a brotherhood of airmen who promoted <a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing" title="Strategic bombing">strategic bombing</a>. </p><p>Saville succeeded <a href="/wiki/Claire_L._Chennault" class="mw-redirect" title="Claire L. Chennault">Claire L. Chennault</a> as America's leading <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a> tactician. With <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_S._Kelsey" title="Benjamin S. Kelsey">Benjamin S. Kelsey</a>, Saville co-wrote the technical specifications which led to the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-38_Lightning" title="Lockheed P-38 Lightning">Lockheed P-38 Lightning</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">Bell P-39 Airacobra</a> fighters. In 1949 he selected the <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">North American F-86 Sabre</a> as America's main defense fighter, and in 1950 he approved a guided <a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">air-to-air missile</a> system that would be carried aboard the proposed supersonic <a href="/wiki/1954_interceptor" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 interceptor">1954 interceptor</a>; the missile produced was the <a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">AIM-4 Falcon</a>. </p><p>Saville was a technical and scientific-minded leader who helped pioneer advanced mathematics for <a href="/wiki/Operations_research" title="Operations research">operations research</a>, and computer systems for centralized coordination of air defense. He advocated the expansion of radar installations to create an unbroken air defense network. He explored the concept of a military aircraft designed around an integrated electronics <a href="/wiki/Fire-control_system" title="Fire-control system">fire-control system</a> built by various subcontractors.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After retiring from the military, Saville worked in the defense industry. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gordon Philip Saville was born in <a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon, Georgia</a>, on September 14, 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="/wiki/Regular_Army_(United_States)" title="Regular Army (United States)">Regular Army</a> officer father propelled Saville's older brother to enroll at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">United States Military Academy</a> at West Point, and he urged Saville to accept an appointment to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">United States Naval Academy</a>. However, Saville wanted to fly so he rejected formal military schools.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, he attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antioch_College" title="Antioch College">Antioch College</a>, and then the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California</a> and was commissioned a second lieutenant in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">United States Army Reserve</a> on November 5, 1923, in the infantry,<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seeing active duty in August 1924 and August 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While on reserve duty at <a href="/wiki/Crissy_Field" title="Crissy Field">Crissy Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, Saville watched <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Service" title="United States Army Air Service">Army Air Service</a> pilots training on military aircraft. He determined that he would join them or leave the military.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel1987_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel1987-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville became a flying cadet with the Army Air Service in March 1926, and entered the primary flying school at Brooks Field, Texas. During this time his service branch reformed as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a> (USAAC). In September of that year he was transferred to the advanced flying school at Kelly Field, Texas, from which he graduated on February 28, 1927,<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gaining a commission as second lieutenant in the Air Reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was assigned to the Fifth Observation Squadron at <a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitchel Field">Mitchel Field</a>, New York and in June 1927, he was appointed a second lieutenant in the Air Corps of the Regular Army.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Mitchel, Saville served ably as adjutant to Lieutenant Colonel <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Foulois" title="Benjamin Foulois">Benjamin Foulois</a>, but Foulois was unhappy with Saville's absence during weekend train trips to Connecticut to see Ina Isola Hards, his girlfriend. Hards was an honors graduate of <a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley College</a> where she had performed in theatre plays and had served as class officer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foulois' wife successfully addressed the problem by inviting Miss Hards to stay at the Foulois home on weekends. Saville married Hards in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Transfiguration,_Episcopal_(Manhattan)" title="Church of the Transfiguration, Episcopal (Manhattan)">Church of Transfiguration</a> in New York City in September 1928; her father, Ira A. Hards, producer of the <a href="/wiki/Mae_West" title="Mae West">Mae West</a> Broadway play <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Lil_(play)" title="Diamond Lil (play)"><i>Diamond Lil</i></a>, walked her down the aisle.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a wedding present, Foulois granted Saville's request for a transfer back to Crissy Field.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel1987_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel1987-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville was made adjutant of Crissy Field in December 1928. He and his wife produced a daughter in July 1930, Ina Gordon Saville. Later that year Saville transferred to <a href="/wiki/Mather_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Mather Field">Mather Field</a>, California, where he was appointed adjutant of the field and of the <a href="/wiki/20th_Pursuit_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Pursuit Group">20th Pursuit Group</a>. The Savilles had a son, Edward A. Saville, in October 1931. In 1932, Saville and family traveled to <a href="/wiki/Barksdale_Air_Force_Base" title="Barksdale Air Force Base">Barksdale Field</a>, Louisiana, along with the 20th Pursuit Group.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tactics_and_theory">Tactics and theory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Tactics and theory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At Foulois' recommendation, Saville entered the <a href="/wiki/Air_Corps_Tactical_School" title="Air Corps Tactical School">Air Corps Tactical School</a> at <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Air_Force_Base" title="Maxwell Air Force Base">Maxwell Field</a>, Alabama, in August 1933. Saville graduated in May 1934,<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the top of his class,<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Green_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and remained at the school as an instructor in the Maps and Photographs Section.<sup id="cite_ref-Finney_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finney-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At ACTS, Saville joined <a href="/wiki/Claire_L._Chennault" class="mw-redirect" title="Claire L. Chennault">Claire L. Chennault</a> in favoring an air defense strategy hinging on a strong fighter force. Saville argued against the so-called <a href="/wiki/Bomber_Mafia" title="Bomber Mafia">Bomber Mafia</a>; he did not believe that fleets of bombers were unstoppable, and he considered close coordination between ground units and tactical air power a key part of Army doctrine. In July 1935, at the temporary rank of captain, he was named recorder of the Air Corps Board at Maxwell Field, in addition to his duties as fighter aviation instructor.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville removed a degree of independent command from fighter squadron leaders who previously could ignore instructions radioed from the ground. Backed by Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Henry_Conger_Pratt" title="Henry Conger Pratt">Henry Conger Pratt</a>, Saville's unpopular control methods proved their worth, as ground controllers were often in possession of better information than squadron leaders in flight.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1935 to 1937, as Chennault was eased out by the bomber advocates, Saville took his place as the top fighter proponent.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville avoided Chennault's fate by refraining from disputing the bomber's important role in offensive operations. He felt that the fighter aircraft was undervalued in its defensive role.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg/220px-Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg/330px-Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg/440px-Bell_P-39_Airacobra_in_flight_firing_all_weapons_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1452" /></a><figcaption>Saville helped specify the <a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">Bell P-39 Airacobra</a>, designed around a large <a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">autocannon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In February 1937, Saville paired with Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_S._Kelsey" title="Benjamin S. Kelsey">Benjamin S. Kelsey</a>, Project Officer for Fighters at the USAAC, to find a way to get around the USAAC's arbitrary 500-pound (225 kg) limit on the weight of <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircraft</a> armament. The two men settled on the term "interceptor", creating a new Army classification for fighters, not a new mission. They issued a specification for two new heavily armed fighters via <i>Circular Proposal X-608</i> and <i>Circular Proposal X-609</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were requests for fighters having "the tactical mission of interception and attack of hostile aircraft at high altitude".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifications called for at least 1,000 pounds (450 kg) of heavy armament including a cannon, one or two liquid-cooled <a href="/wiki/Allison_V-1710" title="Allison V-1710">Allison V-1710</a> engines each with a <a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a> <a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">turbo-supercharger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tricycle_undercarriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Tricycle undercarriage">tricycle landing gear</a>, a level airspeed of at least 360 miles per hour (580 km/h) at altitude, and a climb to 20,000 feet (6,100 m) within 6 minutes<sup id="cite_ref-Dave's_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dave's-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—the toughest set of specifications USAAC had presented to that date.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From these specifications a competition was held, and eventually the single-engine fighter became the <a href="/wiki/Bell_Aircraft" title="Bell Aircraft">Bell Aircraft</a> <a href="/wiki/P-39_Airacobra" class="mw-redirect" title="P-39 Airacobra">P-39 Airacobra</a>, and the twin-engine fighter became the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation" title="Lockheed Corporation">Lockheed</a> <a href="/wiki/P-38_Lightning" class="mw-redirect" title="P-38 Lightning">P-38 Lightning</a>. Saville's rank of captain was made permanent in June 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SCR-270-set-up.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/SCR-270-set-up.jpg/220px-SCR-270-set-up.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/SCR-270-set-up.jpg/330px-SCR-270-set-up.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/SCR-270-set-up.jpg/440px-SCR-270-set-up.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1104" data-file-height="1196" /></a><figcaption>Saville was an early proponent of radar such as this <a href="/wiki/SCR-270_radar" class="mw-redirect" title="SCR-270 radar">SCR-270</a> set</figcaption></figure> <p>Saville entered the <a href="/wiki/Command_and_General_Staff_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Command and General Staff School">Command and General Staff School</a> at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., in September 1938, and graduated the following June.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then was assigned to Washington, D.C., as assistant to the chief of the Plans Division in the Office of the Chief of Air Corps. He assumed the role of assistant intelligence and operations officer of the <a href="/wiki/Air_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Defense Command">Air Defense Command</a> (ADC) at Mitchel Field in March 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Led by Brigadier General <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Eugene_Chaney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Eugene Chaney (page does not exist)">James E. Chaney</a>, the ADC was tasked with testing various air defense measures to determine what worked. Chaney was unfamiliar with air defense, and he made Saville the coordinator of all projects. This was the first time Saville was able to test and implement his theories on a large scale.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New <a href="/wiki/SCR-270_radar" class="mw-redirect" title="SCR-270 radar">SCR-270 radar</a> units were tried out and incorporated into the command scheme, giving greater reach to ground controllers. Army maneuvers held at <a href="/wiki/Watertown,_New_York" title="Watertown, New York">Watertown, New York</a>, in August 1940 allowed Saville to prove that fighter aircraft could protect a domestic target from air attack long before anti-aircraft artillery could fire, a result that Chaney said "astonished" high-ranking Army observers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1940, Saville flew to London with Chaney for temporary duty as a military air observer studying British air defenses, and returned to Mitchel Field after two months to become executive officer at the temporary rank of major of the First Interceptor Command. He began drafting a comprehensive air defense doctrine which combined features of the British system with those advocated by Chennault and himself. Saville was promoted to the permanent rank of major in February, 1941,<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from March 25 to April 12, he conducted an intensive course in air defense given to 60 fighter group staff, including <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_P._Bergquist_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Kenneth P. Bergquist (United States Air Force)">Kenneth P. Bergquist</a>, posted to Hawaii's fighter wing.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1941, he returned to London and observed British air defense measures until December 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Saville's <i>Air Defense Doctrine</i> draft was reviewed by the USAAC, but it was not approved or published.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville's proposed defense involved rigorous round-the-clock coordination between ground observers, radar installations, and centralized command posts to filter reports to defense forces consisting of anti-aircraft artillery batteries, barrage balloons, and fighter wings. Unusually, Saville proposed that fighter wings involved in air defense be completely separate from fighter wings making attacks on enemy air forces.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II">World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, Saville was assigned to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a> (USAAF) headquarters in Washington as director of the country's air defenses, which he considered inadequate. Because of the greatly increased civilian interest in air defense, much of Saville's unpublished air defense doctrine was copied into the War Department's Training Circulars No. 70 and 71, published nine and eleven days after Pearl Harbor, respectively. These training materials emphasized regional command and control of air defenses. Fighter group commanders were to direct the efforts of anti-aircraft artillery officers—one of Saville's suggestions that had been a sticking point, resisted by artillerists.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before these plans were implemented, British radar pioneer <a href="/wiki/Robert_Watson-Watt" title="Robert Watson-Watt">Robert Watson-Watt</a> surveyed <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="West Coast of the United States">West Coast</a> defenses and found them "dangerously unsatisfactory", a confirmation of Saville's assessment.<sup id="cite_ref-Boyne1999_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyne1999-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville found Watson-Watt's report "a damning indictment of our whole warning service."<sup id="cite_ref-Boyne1999_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyne1999-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville was made lieutenant colonel on January 5, 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In tackling the problem of air defense of the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Zone" title="Panama Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a>, he brought together civilian mathematicians and military defense experts to organize the first <a href="/wiki/Operations_research" title="Operations research">operations research</a> group in the Air Corps, following two such groups formed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville was promoted to brigadier general on November 2.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once it was clear that U.S. territory was not in danger of being attacked by enemy air units, Saville's expertise in air defense was not needed. In March 1943, he was made director of tactical development at the <a href="/wiki/Army_Air_Forces_School_of_Applied_Tactics" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics">Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics</a> (AAFSAT) at <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he reorganized the Army Air Forces Board by July 2, 1943. Saville's structure put tactical and strategic development on equal footing, and tied together the efforts of the Chief of Air Staff for Operations, Commitments, and Requirements (OC&R), the Proving Ground Command and the School of Applied Tactics.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville charged the AAFSAT with developing air defense doctrines and tactics, and with the testing of air defense equipment and methods.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s,_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg/220px-Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg/330px-Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg/440px-Bombing_of_Concordia_Vega_oil_refinery_in_Ploe%C8%99ti_by_USAAF_B-24s%2C_31_May_1944_%E2%80%94_restored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5522" data-file-height="4145" /></a><figcaption>Saville thought <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tidal_Wave" title="Operation Tidal Wave">Operation Tidal Wave</a> was a "suicidal" plan.<sup id="cite_ref-Orange_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orange-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Later that month he was ordered to the North African theater, where he served as chief of staff of the Mediterranean Air Command. Under <a href="/wiki/Carl_Andrew_Spaatz" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Andrew Spaatz">Carl Andrew Spaatz</a>, Saville argued against the plans for <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tidal_Wave" title="Operation Tidal Wave">Operation Tidal Wave</a> in August, the air attack on oil refineries in <a href="/wiki/Ploie%C5%9Fti" class="mw-redirect" title="Ploieşti">Ploieşti</a>. After the operation resulted in heavy American casualties with little effect on oil production, Saville described it as a "goddamned thing... ridiculous and suicidal."<sup id="cite_ref-Orange_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orange-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Generals_Gordon_P_Saville,_Jacob_L_Devers,_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg/220px-Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg/330px-Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg/440px-Generals_Gordon_P_Saville%2C_Jacob_L_Devers%2C_and_John_K_Cannon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2743" data-file-height="2226" /></a><figcaption>General officer conference on <a href="/wiki/Corsica" title="Corsica">Corsica</a> in June 1944: Saville <i>(left)</i> joins <a href="/wiki/Jacob_L._Devers" title="Jacob L. Devers">Jacob L. Devers</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_K._Cannon" title="John K. Cannon">John K. Cannon</a> in planning the invasion of Southern France</figcaption></figure> <p>In October 1943, he was appointed commander of the XII Fighter Command (<a href="/wiki/XXII_Tactical_Air_Command" title="XXII Tactical Air Command">XXII Tactical Air Command</a>), and in January 1944 was named deputy commander of the XII Air Support Command (<a href="/wiki/XII_Tactical_Air_Command" title="XII Tactical Air Command">XII Tactical Air Command</a>) in the Mediterranean. There, Saville achieved close coordination between air power and the infantry. Tactics used by Saville were employed again during the <a href="/wiki/Normandy_Invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Normandy Invasion">Normandy Invasion</a>, with fighter aircraft clearing enemy units from roads behind the front lines.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took part in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Strangle_(World_War_II)" title="Operation Strangle (World War II)">Operation Strangle</a>, the effort to deny roads and rail to German supply columns. In this, Saville was critical of the inaccuracy of high-altitude bombing; he wrote privately to a friend in April, "Our waste of effort in trying to hit railroad tracks and bridges is <i>simply fantastic</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville was promoted to major general on June 30, 1944, distinguishing himself during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Dragoon" title="Operation Dragoon">Operation Dragoon</a>, the invasion of Southern France.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel84_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel84-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He assumed command of the First Tactical Air Force in January 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following month, Saville returned to the United States for temporary assignment to USAAF headquarters, and in March 1945 became commander of the <a href="/wiki/III_Tactical_Air_Command" title="III Tactical Air Command">III Tactical Air Command</a> at Barksdale Field. Two months later, he was appointed deputy commander of <a href="/wiki/Air_Transport_Command_(United_States_Air_Force)" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Transport Command (United States Air Force)">Air Transport Command</a> at Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cold_War">Cold War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cold War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 1947, Saville was sent to Brazil to serve as chief of the Air Section of the Joint Brazil – United States Military Commission, stationed at the American Embassy at Rio de Janeiro.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville took his family with him to Brazil; he enrolled his daughter in the <a href="/wiki/American_School_of_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="American School of Rio de Janeiro">American School of Rio de Janeiro</a>, where she graduated high school in June.<sup id="cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANAFJ1951-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time the USAAF reformed as an independent service branch; <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> (USAF). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg/170px-Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg/255px-Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg/340px-Muir_S_Fairchild.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1881" data-file-height="2335" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Muir_S._Fairchild" title="Muir S. Fairchild">Muir S. Fairchild</a> urged Saville to rework U.S. air defenses</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 1948, <a href="/wiki/Muir_S._Fairchild" title="Muir S. Fairchild">Muir S. Fairchild</a> was made vice chief of staff of the USAF. In light of the developing <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> and the threat of Soviet long-range bombers, Fairchild determined that Saville's expertise was critically needed.<sup id="cite_ref-Green_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fairchild ordered Saville, the top U.S. authority on air defense and a scientifically minded pragmatist, to return stateside in June 1948, for assignment to the ADC headquarters at Mitchel Air Force Base.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel84_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel84-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville evaluated the ambitious Radar Fence Plan of Major General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_L._Ankenbrandt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis L. Ankenbrandt (page does not exist)">Francis L. Ankenbrandt</a>, which had recently failed in Congress because it was too expensive in manpower and material, and would take too long to put in place. Fairchild and Saville determined to devise a more practical radar defense plan, one that would bypass the slow approval methods previously established.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In pushing his plan to fruition, Saville angered other officers who expected to have a say in air defense; he said, "I wasn't going to stand in line and wait."<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel91-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He first focused on a foundation of radar systems, and concluded that the U.S. should spend $116 million in 1949 and 1950, to build 75 radar sites and 20 control centers in the continental U.S., with 10 more radar sites facing the Soviet Union from the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Alaska" title="Territory of Alaska">Territory of Alaska</a>, controlled through a territorial center. The radar sites would primarily be composed of older World War II-era microwave units, but these would be augmented by a few advanced radar units, carefully positioned. Dubbed the "Lashup" plan<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (from "lash-up", meaning "hastily improvised"), it was about 20% of the cost of Ankenbrandt's Radar Fence Plan, and it was more flexible in terms of future expansion.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel91-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September, Saville told <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Forrestal" title="James Forrestal">James Forrestal</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary of the Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Symington" title="Stuart Symington">Stuart Symington</a>, and the assembled Air Force staff that America's air defenses were wholly inadequate.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel91-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chiefs of Staff agreed that air defense was second in importance only to a strong retaliation force, one that would give pause to an aggressor.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November, Saville was named commanding general of ADC.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked to combine it with <a href="/wiki/Tactical_Air_Command" title="Tactical Air Command">Tactical Air Command</a> (TAC) to form the backbone of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Air_Command" title="Continental Air Command">Continental Air Command</a> (CONAC) organization. In February 1949, Saville updated the <a href="/wiki/House_Armed_Services_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Armed Services Committee">House Armed Services Committee</a> on the necessity of radar air defense, and in March the Lashup plan was approved by Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg/170px-Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg/255px-Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg/340px-Bruce_K_Holloway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1160" data-file-height="1442" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bruce_K._Holloway" title="Bruce K. Holloway">Bruce K. Holloway</a> helped Saville with fighter defenses</figcaption></figure> <p>Earlier, in mid-1948, Saville asked Colonel <a href="/wiki/Bruce_K._Holloway" title="Bruce K. Holloway">Bruce K. Holloway</a> to evaluate existing fighter aircraft defense capabilities. Holloway teamed with Major General <a href="/wiki/William_E._Kepner" class="mw-redirect" title="William E. Kepner">William E. Kepner</a>, commander of the Air Proving Ground at <a href="/wiki/Eglin_Air_Force_Base" title="Eglin Air Force Base">Eglin Air Force Base</a>, to measure interceptor performance under realistic conditions. Tests showed that the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_P-61_Black_Widow" title="Northrop P-61 Black Widow">Northrop P-61 Black Widow</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_P-80_Shooting_Star" title="Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star">Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-82_Twin_Mustang" title="North American F-82 Twin Mustang">North American F-82 Twin Mustang</a>, then in service, were completely inadequate to stop high-altitude bomber attacks at night or in bad weather. Fairchild learned of this failure and formed a team to evaluate two prototype interceptors, the <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-89_Scorpion" title="Northrop F-89 Scorpion">Northrop XP-89 Scorpion</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Curtiss-Wright_XF-87_Blackhawk" title="Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk">Curtiss-Wright XP-87 Blackhawk</a>, in October 1948. As a member of the team, Holloway was disappointed with the performance of the prototypes, and he recommended that both aircraft be refused for air defense. Fairchild canceled the Curtiss machine but the Northrop, the "best of a poor lot", was pushed into immediate service.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Holloway and Saville agreed that America needed a fighter that could take off under "zero-zero" conditions of no visibility, and they felt that such a design should be in production by 1954, when the Soviets were expected to have fleets of bombers.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until then, an interim solution was sought. In a May 1949 meeting of the USAF Senior Officers Board, Saville recommended that the <a href="/wiki/North_American_F-86_Sabre" title="North American F-86 Sabre">North American F-86 Sabre</a> be procured in quantity, as it was in his opinion the best available American all-weather fighter for air defense.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government quickly ordered 124 F-86Ds, as a start.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1949, General <a href="/wiki/Ennis_Whitehead" title="Ennis Whitehead">Ennis Whitehead</a> was put in charge of CONAC. He devised his own command methods rather than those established by Saville, making Saville redundant in his role as air defense chief. In support of Saville, Colonel <a href="/wiki/Jacob_E._Smart" title="Jacob E. Smart">Jacob E. Smart</a>, assistant to USAF Commander <a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Arnold" title="Henry H. Arnold">Henry H. Arnold</a>, wrote that Saville's unorthodox methods since the end of World War II provided "the only tangible results toward building an air defense system" of any worth.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel103-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smart said that Saville, though a "thorn in the side to many people", should be credited for all recent air defense progress in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel103-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville was moved from air defense operations to long-range planning and research. In September 1949, Arnold appointed Saville head of the newly established Directorate of Requirements in the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations at USAF headquarters. The following January, Saville became deputy chief of staff for Development, <a href="/wiki/Air_Research_and_Development_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Research and Development Command">Air Research and Development Command</a>, a new staff section at USAF headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To equip the U.S. with a fighter that could defend against the new threat of Soviet nuclear bombers, Saville initiated a design competition for a <a href="/wiki/Fire-control_system" title="Fire-control system">fire-control system</a> (FCS) codenamed MX-1179, the basis of a guided <a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">air-to-air missile</a> system simple enough that it could be operated alone by the pilot of a supersonic fighter rather than by a weapons officer. The proposed fighter concept was referred to as the <a href="/wiki/1954_interceptor" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 interceptor">1954 interceptor</a>, resulting directly in the 1956 <a href="/wiki/Convair_F-102_Delta_Dagger" title="Convair F-102 Delta Dagger">Convair F-102 Delta Dagger</a>, and several other fighter models indirectly. Saville was less concerned with the aircraft details than with the weapons system; regarding the FCS he said, "when that system is developed, we're going to put aluminum around it, engines on it, and a pilot to run the aluminum, and that is the interceptor."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg/220px-AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg/330px-AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg/440px-AIM-4A_and_AIM-4G_missile_line_drawings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="874" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption>Early and later models of the <a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">AIM-4 Falcon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>From a handful of company designs, Saville selected <a href="/wiki/Hughes_Aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Hughes Aircraft">Hughes Aircraft</a> to make the FCS. Saville worked closely with Dr. <a href="/wiki/Ruben_F._Mettler" title="Ruben F. Mettler">Ruben F. Mettler</a> of Hughes, to lay out the desired strategy of the weapons system and to describe the expected fighter tactics. This weapon would eventually be developed as the <a href="/wiki/AIM-4_Falcon" title="AIM-4 Falcon">AIM-4 Falcon</a> after much urging by Saville.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Falcon was used successfully for more than a decade, beginning in 1956. Designing an aircraft around a weapons system was something Saville had witnessed in the development of Bell's P-39 Airacobra around a large autocannon, but he further refined the concept and made it a requirement for government contractors, a practice that is continued to this day. Saville put an end to specific design goals in aircraft <a href="/wiki/Request_for_proposal" title="Request for proposal">requests for proposal</a> (RFPs); instead, he briefed potential designers on general requirements and discussed with them the defense problems the aircraft was to solve.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 1950, Saville served on the Guided Missiles Interdepartmental Operational Requirements Group (GMIORG), a military and civilian committee tasked with the coordination of research on guided <a href="/wiki/Missile" title="Missile">missiles</a>, as well as the development of tactics and overall strategy. In his role as USAF Deputy Chief of Staff for Development, Saville helped direct missile work, but soon replaced himself on the GMIORG with Major General <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Lee" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert M. Lee">Robert M. Lee</a>, commander of TAC.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville was more interested in air-to-air guided missiles than in ground-based <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">ballistic missiles</a>, which became the focus of the committee. </p><p>Saville and Fairchild went to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> in 1950, and obtained $114 million for the development of an electronic computer-based air defense system, a project headed by <a href="/wiki/George_E._Valley_Jr." title="George E. Valley Jr.">George E. Valley Jr.</a>, who was a physicist at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a> (MIT).<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The computer, named <a href="/wiki/Whirlwind_(computer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Whirlwind (computer)">Whirlwind</a>, helped the USAF develop the <a href="/wiki/Semi_Automatic_Ground_Environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi Automatic Ground Environment">Semi Automatic Ground Environment</a> (SAGE) air defense system. </p><p>In March 1950, Fairchild died. Fairchild had been Saville's champion in the USAF, and Saville had used Fairchild's influence as a shield to "get things done", according to Smart.<sup id="cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schaffel103-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the process, Saville had made enough enemies in the Air Staff that he realized Fairchild's absence would greatly limit his career advancement. He began planning his retirement, finishing ongoing projects, and first selecting then grooming his replacement: Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Laurence_C._Craigie" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurence C. Craigie">Laurence C. Craigie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 1950, Saville gave a lecture on air defense at the <a href="/wiki/Air_War_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Air War College">Air War College</a>, Maxwell AFB, Alabama, telling the students that the optimal air defense system as he envisaged might be able to destroy 60% of an attacking bomber force, but that realistic results would be closer to 30% reduction. He emphasized the need for better intelligence regarding Soviet offensive airpower capabilities, to increase the accuracy of air defense predictions.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late 1950, USAF Chief Scientist <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ridenour" title="Louis Ridenour">Louis Ridenour</a> initiated Project Charles at MIT to study problems of air defense. The study determined that Valley's methods were the best option. In May 1951, the project was reformed as Project Lincoln to investigate unusual reconnaissance methods; this group met at <a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Boston" title="Beacon Hill, Boston">Beacon Hill, Boston</a>, and became known as the Beacon Hill Study Group. Saville expanded the group by naming 15 men to the project, all experts in their fields, including <a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Land" title="Edwin H. Land">Edwin H. Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Gilbert_Baker" title="James Gilbert Baker">James Gilbert Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Mills Purcell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Scott_Perkin" title="Richard Scott Perkin">Richard Scott Perkin</a> and USAF Colonel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_S._Leghorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard S. Leghorn (page does not exist)">Richard S. Leghorn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project led to the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Laboratory">Lincoln Laboratory</a>, a research and development project of the Defense Department. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civilian_career">Civilian career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Civilian career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Army,_Navy,_Air_Force_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Army, Navy, Air Force Journal">Army, Navy, Air Force Journal</a></i>, Saville announced the engagement of his daughter Ina Gordon Saville to James R. Pitts, a cadet at <a href="/wiki/West_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="West Point">West Point</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANAFJ1951-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ina graduated from the <a href="/wiki/College_of_William_and_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="College of William and Mary">College of William and Mary</a> in 1951, with a degree in English,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then married Pitts on June 17.<sup id="cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANAFJ1951-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1951, Saville retired from the USAF.<sup id="cite_ref-Savillepapers_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Savillepapers-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg/220px-74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg/330px-74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg/440px-74th_Fighter-Interceptor_Squadron_F-89s_Thule_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1647" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thule_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Thule Air Force Base">Thule Air Force Base</a> was one of the larger bases Saville approved to increase America's air defenses.</figcaption></figure> <p>Saville was invited to join a November 1952 experimental commercial flight from Los Angeles to Copenhagen, flying to Denmark in a <a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Scandinavian Airlines System">Scandinavian Airlines System</a> (SAS) <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-6" title="Douglas DC-6">DC-6B</a> named <i>Arild Viking</i>, stopping first in Edmonton, Canada, then at the newly operational <a href="/wiki/Thule_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Thule Air Force Base">Thule Air Force Base</a> in Greenland, which Saville had previously approved for major construction. The 28-hour, 5,940-mile (9,560 km) flight plan pioneered a polar route for SAS.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saville accompanied Colonel <a href="/wiki/Bernt_Balchen" title="Bernt Balchen">Bernt Balchen</a>, the Norwegian-born commander of Thule AFB.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, Saville wrote a feature for <i><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Magazine">Air Force Magazine</a></i>, describing a strong air defense as one of the essential elements for preventing wars. He said "only a fool would run into a hornet's nest of opposition."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he emphasized that a perfect air defense could never succeed in preventing an attack by itself, only in blunting it. A powerful counterattack force was required.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1954, Saville celebrated the marriage of his airman son Edward to Lettice Lee von Selzam, a debutante from Wisconsin. Saville's younger son John served as best man. Edward was a lieutenant in the USAF, and among the eight ushers were five other USAF lieutenants.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville was hired in November 1954, to work for <a href="/wiki/TRW_Inc." title="TRW Inc.">Ramo-Wooldridge</a>, a company that formed from the FCS team at Hughes. Saville was made Director of Military Requirements, a new position tailored to his unique background. In this liaison role, Saville met regularly with military leaders to ensure that Ramo-Wooldridge projects answered America's defense needs.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Thompson Products merged with Ramo-Woodridge to form <a href="/wiki/TRW_Inc." title="TRW Inc.">TRW</a>, Saville became vice president of the new company. Saville retired in 1963, and became a consultant to TRW and to other government agencies. In the mid-1960s Saville invested in cattle ranches, embarking upon what he called a "third career" as a cattle rancher.<sup id="cite_ref-CWA1966_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CWA1966-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was invited to participate in a panel discussion at the annual <a href="/wiki/Conference_on_World_Affairs" title="Conference on World Affairs">Conference on World Affairs</a> in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-CWA1966_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CWA1966-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saville died on January 31, 1984, and was interred at <a href="/wiki/Arlington_National_Cemetery" title="Arlington National Cemetery">Arlington National Cemetery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his career, Saville was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Distinguished Service Medal</a> with <a href="/wiki/Oak_leaf_cluster" title="Oak leaf cluster">oak leaf cluster</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Merit" title="Legion of Merit">Legion of Merit</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)">Distinguished Flying Cross</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Star_Medal" title="Bronze Star Medal">Bronze Star Medal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Air_Medal" title="Air Medal">Air Medal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was rated a Command Pilot, Combat Observer, Aircraft Observer and Technical Observer.<sup id="cite_ref-afmil_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saville's daughter Ina bore four daughters in the 1950s, and died in 2005. Saville's son Edward produced two sons and a daughter. He retired from the USAF at the rank of lieutenant colonel and lives in <a href="/wiki/Beaufort,_South_Carolina" title="Beaufort, South Carolina">Beaufort, South Carolina</a>; his wife "Letty" died in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_P._Saville&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-afmil-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afmil_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090906091121/http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7039">"USAF Biography: Major General Gordon P. Saville"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/information/bios/bio.asp?bioID=7039">the original</a> on 2009-09-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USAF+Biography%3A+Major+General+Gordon+P.+Saville&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Finformation%2Fbios%2Fbio.asp%3FbioID%3D7039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span>. Retrieved on November 19, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobs1990" class="citation news cs1">Jacobs, Donald (May 9, 1990) [February 28, 1989]. Martin Collins (ed.). "The Glennan-Webb-Seamans Project for Research in Space History: J–R". Space History Division, National Air & Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Glennan-Webb-Seamans+Project+for+Research+in+Space+History%3A+J%E2%80%93R&rft.date=1990-05-09&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Donald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span> Oral history interview of Donald Jacobs by Martin Collins. Summary of tape contents.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArmyRegister1946-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArmyRegister1946_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/officialarmyregi1946unit#page/603/mode/1up">Official Army Register, 1946. Page 603. "Saville, Gordon P." (O17006)</a> Retrieved on November 17, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaffel14-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel14_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaffel1991" class="citation book cs1">Schaffel, Kenneth (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheEmergingShield"><i>The Emerging Shield: The Air Force and the Evolution of Continental Air Defense, 1945–1960</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, USAF. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheEmergingShield/page/n28">14</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-60-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-60-9"><bdi>0-912799-60-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emerging+Shield%3A+The+Air+Force+and+the+Evolution+of+Continental+Air+Defense%2C+1945%E2%80%931960&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Office+of+Air+Force+History%2C+USAF&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-912799-60-9&rft.aulast=Schaffel&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheEmergingShield&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaffel1987-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel1987_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel1987_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jzsyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3037,7047421&dq=hards+saville+wedding&hl=en">"Lieut. Saville Will Wed Eastern Beauty"</a>. <i>Berkeley Daily Gazette</i>. March 29, 1928. p. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berkeley+Daily+Gazette&rft.atitle=Lieut.+Saville+Will+Wed+Eastern+Beauty&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1928-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DjzsyAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3037%2C7047421%26dq%3Dhards%2Bsaville%2Bwedding%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www26.us.archive.org/stream/wellesleylegenda1925bost#page/224/mode/2up/search/hards"><i>The Wellesley Legends</i></a>. [Boston, etc.] Pub. by the Senior class of Wellesley College. 1925. pp. 39, 130, 169, 225.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Wellesley+Legends&rft.pages=39%2C+130%2C+169%2C+225&rft.pub=%5BBoston%2C+etc.%5D+Pub.+by+the+Senior+class+of+Wellesley+College&rft.date=1925&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww26.us.archive.org%2Fstream%2Fwellesleylegenda1925bost%23page%2F224%2Fmode%2F2up%2Fsearch%2Fhards&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0B14FD3A5E157A93C1A81782D85F4C8285F9">"Ina Hards Bride of Lieut. Saville; Married to Army Air Corps Officer in the Church of Transfiguration"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 1928<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ina+Hards+Bride+of+Lieut.+Saville%3B+Married+to+Army+Air+Corps+Officer+in+the+Church+of+Transfiguration&rft.date=1928&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DFA0B14FD3A5E157A93C1A81782D85F4C8285F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Green-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Green_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Green_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2010" class="citation book cs1">Green, Tom (2010). "All Together Now". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Bright_Boys_The_Making_of_Information_Technology_by_Tom_Green_2010"><i>Bright Boys</i></a>. A.K. Peters. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Bright_Boys_The_Making_of_Information_Technology_by_Tom_Green_2010/page/n164">155</a>–159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-476-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56881-476-6"><bdi>978-1-56881-476-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=All+Together+Now&rft.btitle=Bright+Boys&rft.pages=155-159&rft.pub=A.K.+Peters&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-56881-476-6&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FBright_Boys_The_Making_of_Information_Technology_by_Tom_Green_2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finney-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finney_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Finney, Robert T. (1998) Air Force History and Museums Program. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/fulltext/HistoryOfTheAirCorpsTacticalSchool.pdf"><i>History of the Air Corps Tactical School</i> 1920–1940.</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> Third imprint. Retrieved on November 19, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, pp. 15–16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bodie 1991, p. 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bodie 1991, pp. 16–17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dave's-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dave's_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daveswarbirds.com/usplanes/aircraft/histp-38.htm">Lockheed P-38 Lightning</a></i>. Retrieved: 21 January 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bodie 1991, p. 14. Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_S._Kelsey" title="Benjamin S. Kelsey">Benjamin S. Kelsey</a> recalled in 1977 that he and Lieutenant Saville drew up the specification in 1937 using the word "interceptor" as a way to bypass the inflexible Army Air Corps requirement for pursuit aircraft to carry no more than 500 lb (225 kg) of armament including ammunition. Kelsey was looking for a minimum of 1,000 lb (450 kg) of armament.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, pp. 24–25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Saville's <i>Air Defense Doctrine</i> is on file at the <a href="/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration" title="National Archives and Records Administration">National Archives and Records Administration</a>, Records of the Army Air Forces, AAG 381, Air Defense Doctrines.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kps2EhXM-lwC&pg=PA107&lpg=PA107">p. 107</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard2010" class="citation book cs1">Leonard, Barry (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3BRhBSL5PZsC&pg=PA195"><i>History of Strategic and Ballistic Missile Defense: Volume I: 1944–1955</i></a>. DIANE Publishing. pp. 195–196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4379-2130-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4379-2130-4"><bdi>978-1-4379-2130-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Strategic+and+Ballistic+Missile+Defense%3A+Volume+I%3A+1944%E2%80%931955&rft.pages=195-196&rft.pub=DIANE+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4379-2130-4&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3BRhBSL5PZsC%26pg%3DPA195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boyne1999-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boyne1999_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boyne1999_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyne1999" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Walter_J._Boyne" title="Walter J. Boyne">Boyne, Walter J.</a> (December 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.airforce-magazine.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/1999/December%201999/1299airdefense.aspx">"The Rise of Air Defense"</a>. <i>Air Force Magazine</i>. <b>82</b> (12). Air Force Association.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+Air+Defense&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=12&rft.date=1999-12&rft.aulast=Boyne&rft.aufirst=Walter+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforce-magazine.com%2FMagazineArchive%2FPages%2F1999%2FDecember%25201999%2F1299airdefense.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McArthur, Charles W. <i>Operations analysis in the U.S. Army Eighth Air Force in World War II</i>, pp. 5. AMS Bookstore, 1990. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8218-0158-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-8218-0158-9">0-8218-0158-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, p. 137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, p. 133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Orange-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Orange_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Orange_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Orange, Vincent. <i>Tedder: Quietly in Command</i>, p. 231. Routledge, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7146-4817-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7146-4817-5">0-7146-4817-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaycockNeilson1988" class="citation book cs1">Haycock, Ronald; Neilson, Keith (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=prICQ7IMlycC&pg=PA72"><i>Men, machines & war</i></a>. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88920-957-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-88920-957-X"><bdi>0-88920-957-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Men%2C+machines+%26+war&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Wilfrid+Laurier+Univ.+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-88920-957-X&rft.aulast=Haycock&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.au=Neilson%2C+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DprICQ7IMlycC%26pg%3DPA72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelco2010" class="citation book cs1">Belco, Victoria (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JPUVsBExk0wC&pg=PA408"><i>War, massacre, and recovery in Central Italy, 1943–1948</i></a>. University of Toronto Press. p. 408. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-9314-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-9314-1"><bdi>978-0-8020-9314-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War%2C+massacre%2C+and+recovery+in+Central+Italy%2C+1943%E2%80%931948&rft.pages=408&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-9314-1&rft.aulast=Belco&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJPUVsBExk0wC%26pg%3DPA408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaffel84-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel84_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel84_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ANAFJ1951-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ANAFJ1951_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Weddings and Engagements". <i>Army, Navy, Air Force Journal</i>. <b>88</b>. Army and Navy Journal: 818, 1212. 1951.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Army%2C+Navy%2C+Air+Force+Journal&rft.atitle=Weddings+and+Engagements&rft.volume=88&rft.pages=818%2C+1212&rft.date=1951&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neufeld, 1990, p. 67</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 90</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaffel91-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel91_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, pp. 91–92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 95</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, p. 245</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green, 2010, p. 161</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schaffel103-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schaffel103_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, pp. 103–104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedmondSmith2000" class="citation book cs1">Redmond, Kent C.; Smith, Thomas M. (2000). <i>From whirlwind to MITRE: the R&D story of the SAGE air defense computer</i>. MIT Press. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-262-18201-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-262-18201-7"><bdi>0-262-18201-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+whirlwind+to+MITRE%3A+the+R%26D+story+of+the+SAGE+air+defense+computer&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-262-18201-7&rft.aulast=Redmond&rft.aufirst=Kent+C.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Thomas+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><i>National Defense Transportation Journal</i>. <b>6</b>. National Defense Transportation Association: 12. 1950.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Defense+Transportation+Journal&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1950&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span> As quoted from the <i>Army, Navy, Air Force Register</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 188</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green, 2010, p. 162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Neufeld, 1990, p. 79</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Green, Tom. <i>Bright Boys: 1938–1958</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brightboys.org/index6.html">"Whirlwind finally earns its wings... sort of."</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110725102206/http://www.brightboys.org/index6.html">Archived</a> 2011-07-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved on November 19, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 175</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, p. 353</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schaffel, 1991, p. 129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTemple2005" class="citation book cs1">Temple, L. Parker (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3I8Xki-NiKMC&pg=PA50"><i>Shades of gray: national security and the evolution of space reconnaissance</i></a>. AIAA. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56347-723-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56347-723-8"><bdi>1-56347-723-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shades+of+gray%3A+national+security+and+the+evolution+of+space+reconnaissance&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=AIAA&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-56347-723-8&rft.aulast=Temple&rft.aufirst=L.+Parker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3I8Xki-NiKMC%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR._Bruce_Crowell1951" class="citation book cs1">R. Bruce Crowell, ed. (1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/colonialecho195153coll#page/59/mode/1up/search/saville"><i>Colonial Echo</i></a>. Williamsburg, Virginia: College of William and Mary. p. 59.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colonial+Echo&rft.place=Williamsburg%2C+Virginia&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=College+of+William+and+Mary&rft.date=1951&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcolonialecho195153coll%23page%2F59%2Fmode%2F1up%2Fsearch%2Fsaville&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Savillepapers-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Savillepapers_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Air Force Historical Research Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=11389">Saville, Gordon Philip papers. 1920–1951.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090916021611/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=11389">Archived</a> 2009-09-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved on November 19, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1952/1952%20-%203427.html">"Civil Aviation: Northern Pathfinder"</a>. <i>Flight</i>: 681. November 28, 1952.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Flight&rft.atitle=Civil+Aviation%3A+Northern+Pathfinder&rft.pages=681&rft.date=1952-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fpdfarchive%2Fview%2F1952%2F1952%2520-%25203427.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1952/11/19/archives/polar-test-flight-to-tie-europe-west-scandinavian-dc6-off-today-los.html">"Polar Test Flight to Tie Europe, West; Scandinavian DC-6 Off Today, Los Angeles to Copenhagen, for Study of Route"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 19, 1952.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Polar+Test+Flight+to+Tie+Europe%2C+West%3B+Scandinavian+DC-6+Off+Today%2C+Los+Angeles+to+Copenhagen%2C+for+Study+of+Route&rft.date=1952-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1952%2F11%2F19%2Farchives%2Fpolar-test-flight-to-tie-europe-west-scandinavian-dc6-off-today-los.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120712082218/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/424795521.html?dids=424795521:424795521&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+20,+1952&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Los+Angeles-to-Copenhagen+Plane+Speeds+Across+Arctic&pqatl=google">"Los Angeles-to-Copenhagen Plane Speeds Across Arctic: Distinguished Passengers on Initial Journey L.A.-Denmark Plane Speeds Across Arctic"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. November 20, 1952. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/424795521.html?dids=424795521:424795521&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Nov+20%2C+1952&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Los+Angeles-to-Copenhagen+Plane+Speeds+Across+Arctic&pqatl=google">the original</a> on July 12, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Los+Angeles-to-Copenhagen+Plane+Speeds+Across+Arctic%3A+Distinguished+Passengers+on+Initial+Journey+L.A.-Denmark+Plane+Speeds+Across+Arctic&rft.date=1952-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Flatimes%2Faccess%2F424795521.html%3Fdids%3D424795521%3A424795521%26FMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AAI%26type%3Dhistoric%26date%3DNov%2B20%252C%2B1952%26author%3D%26pub%3DLos%2BAngeles%2BTimes%26desc%3DLos%2BAngeles-to-Copenhagen%2BPlane%2BSpeeds%2BAcross%2BArctic%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Futrell, 1989, p. 333</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaville1953" class="citation journal cs1">Saville, Gordon P. (March 1953). "The Air Defense Dilemma". <i>Air Force Magazine</i>. <b>36</b> (3). Air Force Association: 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Air+Defense+Dilemma&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1953-03&rft.aulast=Saville&rft.aufirst=Gordon+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParnell1954" class="citation news cs1">Parnell, Dorothy (December 22, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1368&dat=19541222&id=7XBQAAAAIBAJ&pg=7240,3829530">"Lettice Lee von Selzam To Be Married Today"</a>. <i>Milwaukee Sentinel</i>. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Lettice+Lee+von+Selzam+To+Be+Married+Today&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1954-12-22&rft.aulast=Parnell&rft.aufirst=Dorothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1368%26dat%3D19541222%26id%3D7XBQAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7240%2C3829530&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/166773867">"Retired General in Liaison Post"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. April 1, 1955<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Retired+General+in+Liaison+Post&rft.date=1955-04-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F166773867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CWA1966-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CWA1966_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CWA1966_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110429014536/http://www.colorado.edu/cwa/archives/prosopogrophies/cwa1966.pdf">"Who's Who"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Nineteenth Annual World Affairs Conference. April 18–22, 1966. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.colorado.edu/cwa/archives/prosopogrophies/cwa1966.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who&rft.pub=Nineteenth+Annual+World+Affairs+Conference&rft.date=1966-04-18%2F1966-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colorado.edu%2Fcwa%2Farchives%2Fprosopogrophies%2Fcwa1966.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancexplorer.army.mil/publicwmv/#/arlington-national/search/results/1/CgdzYXZpbGxlEgZnb3Jkb24-/">"Saville, Gordon P"</a>. <i>ANC Explorer</i>. Arlington National Cemetery<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ANC+Explorer&rft.atitle=Saville%2C+Gordon+P&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancexplorer.army.mil%2Fpublicwmv%2F%23%2Farlington-national%2Fsearch%2Fresults%2F1%2FCgdzYXZpbGxlEgZnb3Jkb24-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MWSB&p_theme=mwsb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F01960E6A0DC210&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Saville, Lettice Lee "Letty"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Milwaukee Journal Sentinel</i>. July 12, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Journal+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Saville%2C+Lettice+Lee+%22Letty%22&rft.date=2000-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DMWSB%26p_theme%3Dmwsb%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0F01960E6A0DC210%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGordon+P.+Saville" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li>Bodie, Warren M. <i>The Lockheed P-38 Lightning: The Definitive Story of Lockheed's P-38 Fighter</i>. Hayesville, North Carolina: Widewing Publications, 2001, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9629359-5-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9629359-5-6">0-9629359-5-6</a>.</li> <li>Futrell, Robert Frank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kps2EhXM-lwC"><i>Ideas, Concepts, Doctrine: Basic Thinking in the United States Air Force 1907–1960</i></a> DIANE Publishing, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58566-029-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-58566-029-9">1-58566-029-9</a></li> <li>Neufeld, Jacob, and the United States Air Force. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZojHwxCTkL8C"><i>The development of ballistic missiles in the United States Air Force, 1945–1960</i>.</a> Office of Air Force History. DIANE Publishing, 1990. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912799-62-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-912799-62-5">0-912799-62-5</a></li> <li>Schaffel, Kenneth (Summer 1987). "A Minority of One: Major General Gordon P. Saville." <i>American Aviation Historical Society Journal</i>, pp. 104–109, Volume 32, number 2.</li> <li>Sturm, Thomas A. (March 26–29, 1973). "Interview of Major General Gordon P. Saville", USAF Historical Research Center, USAF Oral History Program. K239.0512-1322. OCLC 55751794. Magnetic tape interview transcribed and edited by Mary E. 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