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park management</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: national park management"> <meta name="keywords" content="national park management"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="national park management"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 13884</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: national park management</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13884</span> The Tourism Management: The Case of Kingdom of Cambodia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanpen%20Meenakorn">Chanpen Meenakorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study are (1) development plan and management strategy of Virachey Natioanl Park, (2) to study stakeholders’ perception on tourism development for sustainable tourism planning and management. The data was collected through 28 sets of questionnaires with the total population of international visitors who were interested in Ecotourism in northeast Cambodia and traveled to Virachey National Park. The SPSS programme was used to analyze the level of visitors’ satisfaction and perception on tourism development. The results of the study indicated that moderate potentiality to be developed as tourist attraction for sustainable tourism development in the park. The components with moderate potential are physical condition, management, activities and process of natural and cultural tourism, and organization and participation of the local community. The study also found that most local communities satisfy with tourism development in the park as well as in their community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kingdom%20of%20Cambodia" title="Kingdom of Cambodia">Kingdom of Cambodia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders%E2%80%99%20perception" title=" stakeholders’ perception"> stakeholders’ perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20management" title=" tourism management"> tourism management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Virachey%20National%20Park" title=" Virachey National Park"> Virachey National Park</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43951/the-tourism-management-the-case-of-kingdom-of-cambodia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13883</span> Does the Perceived Value of a National Park Increases Visitor Satisfaction and Loyalty?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoo-Shik%20Yoon">Yoo-Shik Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hae-Kyung%20Sohn"> Hae-Kyung Sohn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Hae%20Yoon"> Young-Hae Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai-Long%20Cui"> Hai-Long Cui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focused on tourist subjects who have experience visiting national parks in Korea. The reason for selecting national parks as the subject of this study was that many Koreans visit national parks on weekends, and their visits continue even as changes are made to the parks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate what type of value perceived by tourists who visit national parks positively influences their satisfaction. Concurrently, the relationship between satisfaction and future behavioral intention was also examined. The understanding and analysis of this relationship is very important for the success of destination tourism development. This analysis can contribute to the creation of a marketing strategy that will induce tourists to stay longer, revisit, and recommend a national park to others. If national park administrators fully utilize the study results, they will be able to increase the number of visitors to their national parks. Furthermore, the results of this study will contribute to the development of Korean national parks as a tourist destination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park" title="national park">national park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor%20satisfaction" title=" visitor satisfaction"> visitor satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loyalty" title=" loyalty"> loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20management" title=" tourism management"> tourism management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13788/does-the-perceived-value-of-a-national-park-increases-visitor-satisfaction-and-loyalty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13882</span> Professional Management on Ecotourism and Conservation to Ensure the Future of Komodo National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daningsih%20Sulaeman">Daningsih Sulaeman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achmad%20Sjarmidi"> Achmad Sjarmidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djoko%20T.%20Iskandar"> Djoko T. Iskandar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Komodo National Park can be associated with the implementation of ecotourism program. The result of Principal Components Analysis is synthesized, tested, and compared to the basic concept of ecotourism with some field adjustments. Principal aspects of professional management should involve ecotourism and wildlife welfare. The awareness should be focused on the future of the Natural Park as 7<sup>th</sup> Wonder Natural Heritage and its wildlife components, free from human wastes and beneficial to wildlife and local people. According to perceptions and expectations of visitors from various results of tourism programs, the visitor’s perceptions showed that the tourism management in Komodo National Park should pay more attention to visitor's satisfaction and expectation and gives positive impact directly to the ecosystem sustainability, local community and transparency to the conservation program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=7th%20wonders%20of%20nature" title="7th wonders of nature">7th wonders of nature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title=" ecotourism"> ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komodo%20dragon" title=" Komodo dragon"> Komodo dragon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor%E2%80%99s%20perceptions" title=" visitor’s perceptions"> visitor’s perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildlife%20management" title=" wildlife management"> wildlife management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110261/professional-management-on-ecotourism-and-conservation-to-ensure-the-future-of-komodo-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13881</span> Eco-Friendly Cleansers Initiation for Eco-Campsite Development in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsanawalai%20Utarasakul">Tatsanawalai Utarasakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental impact has occurred at Khao Yai National Park, especially the water pollution by tourist activities as a result of 800,000 tourists visiting annually. To develop an eco-campsite, eco-friendly cleansers were implemented in Lam Ta Khlong and Pha Kluay Mai Campsites for tourists and restaurants. The results indicated the positive effects of environmentally friendly cleansers on water quality in Lam Ta Khlong River and can be implemented in other protected areas to decrease chemical contamination in ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism%20management" title="sustainable tourism management">sustainable tourism management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-campsite" title=" eco-campsite"> eco-campsite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khao%20Yai%20National%20Park" title=" Khao Yai National Park"> Khao Yai National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecology" title=" ecology"> ecology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2852/eco-friendly-cleansers-initiation-for-eco-campsite-development-in-khao-yai-national-park-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13880</span> A Contested Territory in a Sacralized Landscape: The Fight of the Gich Community over Semien Mountains National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marshet%20Girmay">Marshet Girmay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Local community involvement is widely considered vital for the sustainability of heritage management. Yet, it is often the case that heritage-related projects lag behind in community involvement. In the Semien Mountains the creation, first, and expansion, later, of the National Park has led to several conflicts with the local communities that for centuries have inhabited the area. Local communities have only been passive actors in the plans to expand the Park set up by UNESCO and by local decision makers. This paper investigates the causes that led the Gich community, one of the communities affected by the Park’s expansion, to refuse the resettlement plan offered by the authorities. Qualitative research methods were employed, including document analysis, community conference and interview of informants. The paper shows that although the local community of Gich was highly attached to the Park’s heritage assets, their level of involvement in the heritage management was very low due to shortcomings in the design and implementation of official policies. Therefore, their attitude towards the Park’s managers has been until the present one of mistrust and opposition. The paper recommends to policy-makers a series of measures more sensitive towards local communities, such as that the development agencies act as true communication facilitators and regional authorities nurture sincere relationships with the locals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gich" title="Gich">Gich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20management" title=" heritage management"> heritage management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20communities" title=" local communities"> local communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semen%20Mountains" title=" Semen Mountains"> Semen Mountains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UNESCO" title=" UNESCO"> UNESCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=world%20heritage%20site" title=" world heritage site"> world heritage site</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49345/a-contested-territory-in-a-sacralized-landscape-the-fight-of-the-gich-community-over-semien-mountains-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13879</span> Revisiting Ecotourism Development Strategy of Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam: Considering Residents’ Perception and Attitudes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bui%20Duc%20Sinh">Bui Duc Sinh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecotourism in national parks seemed to be one of the options in the conservation of the natural resources and to improve the living condition of local communities. However, ecotourism development will be useless if it lacks the perception and support of local communities and appropriate ecotourism strategies. The aims of this study were to measure residents’ perception and satisfaction towards ecotourism impacts and their attitudes for ecotourism development in Cuc Phuong National Park; to assess the current ecotourism strategies based on ecotourism criteria and then to provide recommendations on ecotourism development strategies. The primary data were collected through personal observations, in-depth interviews with residents and national park staffs, and from surveys on households in all of the five communes in the Cuc Phuong National Park. The results depicted that local communities were aware of ecotourism impacts and had positive attitudes toward ecotourism development, and were satisfied of ecotourism development. However, higher perception rate was found on specific groups such as the young, the high income and educated, and those with jobs related to ecotourism. The study revealed the issues of concerns about the current ecotourism development strategies in Cuc Phuong National Park. The major hindrances for ecotourism development were lack of local participation and unattractive ecotourism services. It was also suggested that Cuc Phuong National Park should use ecotourism criteria to implement ecotourism activities sustainably and to harmonize the sharing of benefits amongst the stakeholders. The approaches proposed were to: create local employment through reengineering, improve the ecotourism quality, appropriate tourism benefits to the stakeholders, and carry out education and training programs. Furthermore, the results of the study helped tour operators and tourism promoters aware the real concerns, issues on current ecotourism activities in Cuc Phuong National Park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title="ecotourism">ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism%20impact" title=" ecotourism impact"> ecotourism impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20community" title=" local community"> local community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park" title=" national park"> national park</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37478/revisiting-ecotourism-development-strategy-of-cuc-phuong-national-park-in-vietnam-considering-residents-perception-and-attitudes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13878</span> Research on the Planning and Design of National Park Gateway Communities from the Perspective of Nature Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulin%20Liang">Yulin Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of protecting ecology, natural education is an effective way for people to understand nature. At the same time, it is a new means of sustainable development of eco-tourism, which can improve the functions of China's protected areas and develop new business formats for the development of national parks. This study takes national park gateway communities as the research object and uses literature review, inductive reasoning and other research methods to sort out the development process of natural education in China and the research progress of natural education design in national park gateway communities. Finally, we discuss how gateway communities can use natural education to transform their development methods and provide a theoretical and practical basis for the development of gateway communities in national parks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20education" title="natural education">natural education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gateway%20communities" title=" gateway communities"> gateway communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20parks" title=" national parks"> national parks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172896/research-on-the-planning-and-design-of-national-park-gateway-communities-from-the-perspective-of-nature-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13877</span> The Role of Ecotourism Development in the Financing of Conservation Initiatives in Cameroon’s Protected Areas: Lessons from the Campo Ma’an National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyong%20Princely%20Awazi">Nyong Princely Awazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadinga%20Walter%20Forje"> Gadinga Walter Forje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barnabas%20Neba%20Nfornkah"> Barnabas Neba Nfornkah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndzifon%20Jude%20Kimengsi"> Ndzifon Jude Kimengsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecotourism is documented as a sustainable measure of bridging conservation goals and livelihood sustenance around protected areas, due to its ability of not just providing alternative livelihood, but also in providing the necessary resources that can help finance conservation initiatives. In Cameroon, all ecotourism activities around national parks are aimed at generating revenue through the conservation service while providing sustainable livelihood options to the local population. There exists an information lacuna regarding the contribution of ecotourism finances to conservation efforts in the country. This study was aimed at establishing the contribution of ecotourism finances to conservation initiatives in and around the Campo Ma’an National Park (CMNP). Data were collected through the administering of 120 structured questionnaires to ecotourism actors and 15 key/expert interviews with tourism and conservation actors in the Campo Ma’an landscape. Chi-square test, Spearman’s rank correlation and regressions were used for data analysis. The study revealed that the main sources of ecotourism financing to the park service are through entrance fees, cameras and vehicle fees paid by tourists as well as ecotourism project financing through NGOs. Calculations from the tourism register of the park showed that the park was able to raise as much as 1,576,000 FCFA (US$ 3,152) annually. It was further established that ecotourism revenue has not greatly supported conservation, with 54% of respondents perceiving ecotourism not contributing to biodiversity conservation. Chi Square test results highlighted poor ecotourism governance, low level of ecotourism development, corruption from park management staff, obsolete nature of the current finance law on the management of protected area revenue as key factors hindering ecotourism financing in conservation. For ecotourism financing to contribute to biodiversity conservation in the CMNP and in Cameroon’s protected areas, the government needs to revise the finance law on the management of revenue generated from protected areas, improve park governance to fight corruption and enhance transparency, invest in the development and marketing of the Campo Ma’an national park as a tourism destination in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Campo%20Ma%E2%80%99an%20National%20Park" title=" Campo Ma’an National Park"> Campo Ma’an National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title=" ecotourism"> ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism%20financing" title=" ecotourism financing"> ecotourism financing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155979/the-role-of-ecotourism-development-in-the-financing-of-conservation-initiatives-in-cameroons-protected-areas-lessons-from-the-campo-maan-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13876</span> Research on Community-based Nature Education Design at the Gateway Communities of National Parks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulin%20Liang">Yulin Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of protecting ecology, natural education is an effective way for people to understand nature. At the same time, it is a new means of sustainable development of eco-tourism, which can improve the functions of China 's protected areas and develop new business formats for the development of national parks. This study takes national park gateway communities as the research object and uses literature review, inductive reasoning and other research methods to sort out the development process of natural education in China and the research progress of natural education design in national park gateway communities. Finally, it discuss how gateway communities can use natural education to transform their development methods and provide theoretical and practical basis for the development of gateway communities in national parks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature%20education" title="nature education">nature education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gateway%20communities" title=" gateway communities"> gateway communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park" title=" national park"> national park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173284/research-on-community-based-nature-education-design-at-the-gateway-communities-of-national-parks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13875</span> Preliminary Study of Medicinal Plants in Phu Langka National Park, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Chatan">W. Chatan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Promprom"> W. Promprom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phu Langka National Park is located in Nakhon Phanom Province, the Northeast of Thailand. It contains about 50 km2 of one mountain and three types of forest including deciduous dipterocarp, mixed deciduous and dry evergreen forests. It was interesting area because of that there were some local ethnic groups living around the national park and most people use plants in this area for their life. The objective of this research is to preliminary survey of the use of medicinal plants from this area by local ethnic groups living around the national park. Colour photographs of each species were prepared. In addition, ecology, distribution in the study area, utilization and vernacular names were provided. The result showed that sixteen species of medicinal plant species were found and most plants were used for digestive system and wound. The voucher specimens were deposited in the Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation (BKF), Thailand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity" title="diversity">diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnobotany" title=" ethnobotany"> ethnobotany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnophamacology" title=" ethnophamacology"> ethnophamacology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taxonomy" title=" taxonomy"> taxonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization" title=" utilization"> utilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102903/preliminary-study-of-medicinal-plants-in-phu-langka-national-park-nakhon-phanom-province-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13874</span> Buffer Zone a Means of Reduction of Deforestation on Protected Area: A Case Study of Gunung Palung National Park in West Kalimantan, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhruba%20Khatri">Dhruba Khatri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uttam%20Ghimire"> Uttam Ghimire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabin%20Kumar%20Thapalia"> Nabin Kumar Thapalia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protected area management in Indonesia is based on MAB program and ICDPs have become Indonesia’s main approach to biodiversity conservation since the early 1990s. However, very few ICDPs have realized the importance of biodiversity conservation in Indonesia and significantly enhanced as a result of currently planned project activities. Gunung Palung National Park in West Kalimantan was damaged illegal logging after decentralization. It made clear through the field survey: (1) Agroforestry did not make reduce to deforestation on regional level and (2) local people who engaging illegal logging activities have two characteristics that for their life and for vent of surplus labor in village. From these results, it became clear that a local resident had a bilateral character as an actor of conservation and the deforestation and also it confirmed that a market also was working on both of the conservation and deforestation. Therefore, surplus labor can be the key actors for future program design and at the same time it is necessary corroborative system which central government, local government, and local people are concerned with the process of policy making under the situation that management body of national park and buffer zone was separated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20zone" title="buffer zone">buffer zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralization" title=" decentralization"> decentralization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunung%20Palung%20National%20Park" title=" Gunung Palung National Park"> Gunung Palung National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=illegal%20logging" title=" illegal logging"> illegal logging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28441/buffer-zone-a-means-of-reduction-of-deforestation-on-protected-area-a-case-study-of-gunung-palung-national-park-in-west-kalimantan-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13873</span> Local People’s Livelihoods and Coping Strategies in the Wake of a Co-management System in the Campo Ma'an National Park, Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nchanji%20Yvonne%20Kiki">Nchanji Yvonne Kiki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mala%20William%20Armand"> Mala William Armand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nchanji%20Eileen%20Bogweh"> Nchanji Eileen Bogweh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramcilovik-Suominen%20Sabaheta"> Ramcilovik-Suominen Sabaheta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kotilainen%20Juha"> Kotilainen Juha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Campo Ma'an National Park was created as part of an environmental and biodiversity compensation for the Chad-Cameroon Oil Pipeline Project, which was meant to help alleviate poverty and boost the livelihood of rural communities around the area. This paper examines different strategies and coping mechanisms employed by the indigenous people and local communities to deal with the national and internationally driven conservation policies and initiatives in the case of the Campo Ma'an National Park. While most literature on park management/co-management/nature conservation has focused on the negative implications for local peoples’ livelihoods, fewer studies have investigated the strategies of local people to respond to these policies and renegotiate their position in a way that enables them to continue their traditional livelihoods using the existing local knowledge systems. This study contributes to the current literature by zooming into not only the impacts of nature conservation policies but also the local individual and collective strategies and responses to such policies and initiatives. We employ a qualitative research approach using ethnomethodology and a convivial lens to analyze data collected from October to November 2018. We find that conservation policies have worsened some existing livelihoods on the one hand and constrained livelihood improvement of indigenous people and local communities (IPLC) on the other hand. Nonetheless, the IPLC has devised individual and collective coping mechanisms to deal with these conservation interventions and the negative effects they have caused. Upon exploring these mechanisms and their effectiveness, this study proposes a management approach to conservation centered on both people and nature, based on indigenous and local people's knowledge and practices, promoting nature for and by humans and strengthening both livelihood and conservation. We take inspiration from the convivial conservation approach and thinking by Bucher and Fletcher. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20policies" title="conservation policies">conservation policies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park%20management" title=" national park management"> national park management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20and%20local%20people%E2%80%99s%20experiences" title=" indigenous and local people’s experiences"> indigenous and local people’s experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livelihoods" title=" livelihoods"> livelihoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20knowledge" title=" local knowledge"> local knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coping%20strategies" title=" coping strategies"> coping strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conviviality" title=" conviviality"> conviviality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145750/local-peoples-livelihoods-and-coping-strategies-in-the-wake-of-a-co-management-system-in-the-campo-maan-national-park-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13872</span> A Structural Equation Model of Risk Perception of Rockfall for Revisit Intention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Fen%20Lee">Ya-Fen Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Yao%20Chi"> Yun-Yao Chi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to explore the relationship between risk perceptions of rockfall and revisit intention using a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis. A total of 573 valid questionnaires are collected from travelers to Taroko National Park, Taiwan. The findings show the majority of travellers have the medium perception of rockfall risk, and are willing to revisit the Taroko National Park. The revisit intention to Taroko National Park is influenced by hazardous preferences, willingness-to-pay, obstruction and attraction. The risk perception has an indirect effect on revisit intention through influencing willingness-to-pay. The study results can be a reference for mitigation the rockfall disaster. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20perception" title="risk perception">risk perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rockfall" title=" rockfall"> rockfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revisit%20intention" title=" revisit intention"> revisit intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6231/a-structural-equation-model-of-risk-perception-of-rockfall-for-revisit-intention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13871</span> Human-Tiger Conflict in Chitwan National Park, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abishek%20Poudel">Abishek Poudel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human-tiger conflicts are serious issues of conflicts between local people and park authority and the conflicting situation potentially play negative role in park management. The study aimed (1) To determine the trend and nature of human-tiger conflicts (2) To understand people's perception and mitigation measures towards tiger conservation. Both primary and secondary information were used to determine human- tiger conflicts in Chitwan National Park. Systematic random sampling with 5% intensity was done to collect the perception of the villagers regarding human-tiger conflicts. The study sites were selected based on frequencies of incidences of human attacks and livestock depredation viz. Rajahar and Ayodhyapuri VDCs respectively. The trend of human casualties by tiger has increased in last five year whereas the trend of livestock has decreased. Reportedly, between 2008 and 2012, tigers killed 22 people, injured 10 and killed at least 213 livestock. Conflict was less common in the park and more intense in the sub-optimal habitats of Buffer Zone. Goat was the most vulnerable livestock followed by cattle. The livestock grazing and human intrusion into tiger habitat were the causes of conflicts. Developing local stewardship and support for tiger conservation, livestock insurance, and compensation policy simplification may help reduce human-tiger conflicts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=livestock%20depredation" title="livestock depredation">livestock depredation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub%20optimal%20habitat" title=" sub optimal habitat"> sub optimal habitat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-tiger" title=" human-tiger"> human-tiger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20stewardship" title=" local stewardship"> local stewardship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28203/human-tiger-conflict-in-chitwan-national-park-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28203.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13870</span> Environmental Degradation of Natural Resources in Broghil National Park in the High Mountains of Pakistan – Empirical Evidence From Local Community and Geoinformatics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddique%20Ullah%20Baig">Siddique Ullah Baig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisha%20Manzoor"> Alisha Manzoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The remotest, mountainous, and icy Broghil Valley is a high-profile protected area as a national park, which hosts one of the highest altitude permanent human settlements on the earth. This park hosts a distributed but diverse range of habitats. Due to a lack of infrastructures, higher altitudes, and harsh environmental conditions, poverty-stricken inhabitants mostly rely on its resources, causing ecological dis-balance. This study aims to investigate the environmental degradation of natural resources of the park based on empirical evidence from stakeholders and geoinformatics. The result shows that one-fourth of the park is a gently undulating basin dotted with water bodies / grass, and agricultural land and three fourth is entirely rugged with steep mountains and glaciers. There are virtually no forests as the arid cold tundra climate and high altitude prevent tree growth. Rapid three-decadal land cover changes have led to ecological disequilibrium of the park, narrowing the traditional diverse food base, decreasing the resilience of biodiversity and local livelihoods as crop-land has shifted towards fallow, alpine-grass to peat-land and snow/glacial ice area to bare-soil/rocks. The local community believes in exploiting whatever vegetation or organic material is available for use as food, fodder, and fuel. The permanent presence of the community and limited cost-effective options in the park will be a challenge forever to maintain undisturbed natural processes as the objective of a national park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Broghil%20National%20Park" title="Broghil National Park">Broghil National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20degradation" title=" environmental degradation"> environmental degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20cover" title=" land cover"> land cover</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178610/environmental-degradation-of-natural-resources-in-broghil-national-park-in-the-high-mountains-of-pakistan-empirical-evidence-from-local-community-and-geoinformatics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13869</span> Human Pressure Threaten Swayne’s Hartebeest to Point of Local Extinction from the Savannah Plains of Nech Sar National Park, South Rift Valley, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Shibru">Simon Shibru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Vancampenhout"> Karen Vancampenhout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jozef%20Deckers"> Jozef Deckers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herwig%20Leirs"> Herwig Leirs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigated the population size of the endemic and endangered Swayne’s Hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) in Nech Sar National Park from 2012 to 2014 and document the major threats why the species is on the verge of local extinction. The park was once known for its abundant density of Swayne’s Hartebeest. We used direct total count methods for a census. We administered semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires with senior scouts who are the member of the local communities. Historical records were obtained to evaluate the population trends of the animals since 1974. The density of the animal decreased from 65 in 1974 to 1 individual per 100 km2 in 2014 with a decline of 98.5% in the past 40 years. The respondents agreed that the conservation status of the park was in its worst condition ever now with only 2 Swayne’s Hartebeest left, with a rapid decline from 4 individuals in 2012 and 12 individuals in 2009. Mainly hunting and habitat loss, but also the unsuitable season of reproduction and shortage of forage as minor factors were identified as threats for a local extinction of the Swayne’s Hartebeests. On the other hand, predation, fire, disease, and ticks were not considered a cause for the declining trend. Hunting happens mostly out of some kind of revenge since the local community thought that they were pushed out from the land because of the presence of Swayne's Hartebeest in the area. Respondents agreed that the revenge action of the local communities was in response to their unwillingness to be displaced from the park in 1982/3. This conflict situation is resulting from the exclusionary wildlife management policy of the country. We conclude that the human interventions in general and illegal hunting, in particular, pushed the Swayne’s Hartebeest to a point of local extinction. Therefore, we recommend inclusive wildlife management approach for continuing existence of the park together with its natural resources so that sustainable use of the resources is in place. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hunting" title="hunting">hunting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habitat%20destruction" title=" habitat destruction"> habitat destruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20extinction" title=" local extinction"> local extinction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nech%20Sar%20National%20Park" title=" Nech Sar National Park"> Nech Sar National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swayne%E2%80%99s%20Hartebeest" title=" Swayne’s Hartebeest"> Swayne’s Hartebeest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28244/human-pressure-threaten-swaynes-hartebeest-to-point-of-local-extinction-from-the-savannah-plains-of-nech-sar-national-park-south-rift-valley-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13868</span> Bridging Livelihood and Conservation: The Role of Ecotourism in the Campo Ma’an National Park, Cameroon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadinga%20Walter%20Forje">Gadinga Walter Forje</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Ngankam%20Tchamba"> Martin Ngankam Tchamba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyong%20Princely%20Awazi"> Nyong Princely Awazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barnabas%20Neba%20Nfornka"> Barnabas Neba Nfornka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecotourism is viewed as a double edge sword for the enhancement of conservation and local livelihood within a protected landscape. The Campo Ma’an National Park (CMNP) adopted ecotourism in its management plan as a strategic axis for better management of the park. The growing importance of ecotourism as a strategy for the sustainable management of CMNP and its environs requires adequate information to bolster the sector. This study was carried out between November 2018 and September 2021, with the main objective to contribute to the sustainable management of the CMNP through suggestions for enhancing the capacity of ecotourism in and around the park. More specifically, the study aimed at; 1) Analyse the governance of ecotourism in the CMNP and its surrounding; 2) Assessing the impact of ecotourism on local livelihood around the CMNP; 3) Evaluating the contribution of ecotourism to biodiversity conservation in and around the CMNP; 4) Evaluate the determinants of ecotourism possibilities in achieving sustainable livelihood and biodiversity conservation in and around the CMNP. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were obtained from household surveys (N=124), focus group discussions (N=8), and key informant interviews (N=16). Data collected were coded and imputed into SPSS (version 19.0) software and Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Findings from the Chi-square test revealed overall poor ecotourism governance in and around the CMNP, with benefit sharing (X2 = 122.774, p <0.01) and conflict management (X2 = 90.839, p<0.01) viewed to be very poor. For the majority of the local population sampled, 65% think ecotourism does not contribute to local livelihood around CMNP. The main factors influencing the impact of ecotourism around the CMNP on the local population’s livelihood were gender (logistic regression (β) = 1.218; p = 0.000); and level of education (logistic regression (β) = 0.442; p = 0.000). Furthermore, 55.6% of the local population investigated believed ecotourism activities do not contribute to the biodiversity conservation of CMNP. Spearman correlation between socio-economic variables and ecotourism impact on biodiversity conservation indicated relationships with gender (r = 0.200, p = 0.032), main occupation (r = 0.300 p = 0.012), time spent in the community (r = 0.287 p = 0.017), and number of children (r =-0.286 p = 0.018). Variables affecting ecotourism impact on biodiversity conservation were age (logistic regression (β) = -0.683; p = 0.037) and gender (logistic regression (β) = 0.917; p = 0.045). This study recommends the development of ecotourism-friendly policies that can accelerate Public Private Partnership for the sustainable management of the CMNP as a commitment toward good governance. It also recommends the development of gender-sensitive ecotourism packages, with fair opportunities for rural women and more parity in benefit sharing to improve livelihood and contribute more to biodiversity conservation in and around the Park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity%20conservation" title="biodiversity conservation">biodiversity conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Campo%20Ma%E2%80%99an%20national%20park" title=" Campo Ma’an national park"> Campo Ma’an national park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title=" ecotourism"> ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism%20governance" title=" ecotourism governance"> ecotourism governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20livelihoods" title=" rural livelihoods"> rural livelihoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protected%20area%20management" title=" protected area management"> protected area management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155813/bridging-livelihood-and-conservation-the-role-of-ecotourism-in-the-campo-maan-national-park-cameroon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13867</span> Climate Change and Its Effects on Terrestrial Insect Diversity in Mukuruthi National Park, Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Tamilnadu, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Elanchezhian">M. Elanchezhian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Gunasekaran"> C. Gunasekaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Agnes%20Deepa"> A. Agnes Deepa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salahudeen"> M. Salahudeen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years climate change is one of the most emerging threats facing by biodiversity both the animals and plants species. Elevated carbon dioxide and ozone concentrations, extreme temperature, changes in rainfall patterns, insects-plant interaction are the main criteria that affect biodiversity. In the present study, which emphasis the climate change and its effects on terrestrial insect diversity in Mukuruthi National Park a protected areas of Western Ghats in India. Sampling was done seasonally at the three areas using pitfall traps, over the period of January to December 2013. The statistical findings were done by Shannon wiener diversity index (H). A significant seasonal variation pattern was detected for total insect’s diversity at the different study areas. Totally nine orders of insects were recorded. Diversity and abundance of terrestrial insects shows much difference between the Natural, Shoal forest and the Grasslands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mukuruthi%20national%20park" title=" mukuruthi national park"> mukuruthi national park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrestrial%20invertebrates" title=" terrestrial invertebrates"> terrestrial invertebrates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11763/climate-change-and-its-effects-on-terrestrial-insect-diversity-in-mukuruthi-national-park-nilgiri-biosphere-reserve-tamilnadu-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13866</span> Status of Alien Invasive Trees on the Grassland Plateau in Nyika National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Kanzunguze">Andrew Kanzunguze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sopani%20Sichinga"> Sopani Sichinga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paston%20Simkoko"> Paston Simkoko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Nxumayo"> George Nxumayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cosmas"> Cosmas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20B.%20Dambo"> V. B. Dambo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Early detection of plant invasions is a necessary prerequisite for effective invasive plant management in protected areas. This study was conducted to determine the distribution and abundance of alien invasive trees in Nyika National Park (NNP). Data on species' presence and abundance were collected from belt transects (n=31) in a 100 square kilometer area on the central plateau. The data were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test; Mann-Whitney test was carried out to compare frequencies and abundances between the species, and geographical information systems were used for spatial analyses. Results revealed that Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii), Mexican Pine (Pinus patula) and Himalayan Raspberry (Rubus ellipticus) were the main alien invasive trees on the plateau. A. mearnsii was localized in the areas where it was first introduced, whereas P. patula and R. ellipticus were spread out beyond original points of introduction. R. ellipticus occurred as dense, extensive (up to 50 meters) thickets on the margins of forest patches and pine stands, whilst P. patula trees were frequent in the valleys, occurring most densely (up to 39 stems per 100 square meters) south-west of Chelinda camp on the central plateau with high variation in tree heights. Additionally, there were no significant differences in abundance between R. ellipticus (48) and P. patula (48) in the study area (p > 0.05) It was concluded that R. ellipticus and P. patula require more attention as compared to A. mearnsii. Howbeit, further studies into the invasion ecology of both P. patula and R. ellipticus on the Nyika plateau are highly recommended so as to assess the threat posed by the species on biodiversity, and recommend appropriate conservation measures in the national park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alien-invasive%20trees" title="alien-invasive trees">alien-invasive trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himalayan%20raspberry" title=" Himalayan raspberry"> Himalayan raspberry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nyika%20National%20Park" title=" Nyika National Park"> Nyika National Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mexican%20pine" title=" Mexican pine"> Mexican pine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99850/status-of-alien-invasive-trees-on-the-grassland-plateau-in-nyika-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13865</span> A Study on the Strategy of Pocket Park in the Renewal of Old City in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian%20Chen">Xian Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the tendency that the decline of material and social vitality of old city in China becomes more and more serious. Nowadays, transformation and renewal of the old city have become a hot topic in urban research. The traditional mode of large-scale promotion has been criticized. Thus, exploration of new ways to update the city turns to be a necessity on the way of sustainable urban development. Pocket Park is a small city open space, its location choose is based on abandoned or idle lands on urban structure, is scattered or hidden in corner of the urban. It has a great significance on improving the old city environment. Based on the theory of ‘pocket park’, this paper summarizes the successful experience of domestic and foreign practice, and discusses the update strategies which are suitable for China's national conditions according to the characteristics and predicament of the old city in China. The main methods and results are as follows: 1)Based on the conception of ‘pocket park’, though describing the research status in domestic and foreign, summarizing the experience which is worth learning and existing problems. 2) From the analysis of ‘pocket park’ function, general design principles and types of the deep-seated difficulties in renewal the old city and the possibility of the application of ‘pocket park’,the varied implementation of ‘pocket park’ form are established, and application value in the old city renewal are summed up. 3) It can’t be denied that pocket park plays an irreplaceable role in solving the recession and renewing the vitality of the old city. Anymore, It is recommended to develop corresponding supportive development policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy"> strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old%20city%20renewal" title=" old city renewal"> old city renewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pocket%20park" title=" pocket park"> pocket park</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73565/a-study-on-the-strategy-of-pocket-park-in-the-renewal-of-old-city-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13864</span> Trophic Ecology of Sarotherodon Melanotheron Heudelotii and Tilapia Guineensis from the Banc D'Arguin National Park, Mauritania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%C3%A9n%C3%A9%20Gall%C3%A9%20Kide">Néné Gallé Kide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamadou%20Dia"> Mamadou Dia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemhaba%20Ould%20Yarba"> Lemhaba Ould Yarba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssouf%20Kone"> Youssouf Kone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatimetou%20Mint%20Khalil"> Fatimetou Mint Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajar%20Bouksir"> Hajar Bouksir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghislane%20Salhi"> Ghislane Salhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%C3%A8s%20Saoud"> Younès Saoud </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diet of Sarotherodon melanotheron and Tilapia guineensis were investigated in the National Park of Banc d'Arguin (PNBA) from September 2012 to October 2013. A total of 499 individuals ranging in size between 219 and 400 mm total length of S. melanotheron (253 males and 246 females), and 280 individuals of T.guineensis (229 males and 51 females) ranged between 180 and 424mm total length. We used for studying the feeding habits of both two species the frequency of occurrence method. The coefficient of emptiness was 40.88% for S. melanotheron and 38.57% for T. guineensis. Both two species were herbivorous and very close feedings. Their diet consists of Seagrass, green, red, blue, and brown algae, diatoms, gastropods, bivalves, Crustaceans, and mud. The Seagrass and green algae were prey preference of these two species. The diet feeding showed that the composition varies slightly depending on the season and size of individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cichlidae" title="Cichlidae">Cichlidae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trophic%20ecology" title=" trophic ecology"> trophic ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=National%20park" title=" National park"> National park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banc%20d%27Arguin" title=" Banc d'Arguin"> Banc d'Arguin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauritania" title=" Mauritania"> Mauritania</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16683/trophic-ecology-of-sarotherodon-melanotheron-heudelotii-and-tilapia-guineensis-from-the-banc-darguin-national-park-mauritania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">795</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13863</span> Oak Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) and Galls Form Recorded from Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marine%20Nozadze">Marine Nozadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Japoshvili"> George Japoshvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Melika"> George Melika</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2020-2021 we studied oaks gall wasps of different oak species in Georgia at 7 locations of their natural distribution: 1. Quercuse petrea subsp. iberica - Mtskheta municipality, village. Mukhattskaro; 2. Quercus subsp. pendunculifloria - Kvareli municipality, village. Gramy;3. Quercus robur subsp. imeretina -Baghdati Municipality, Ajameti Reserve; 4. Quercus pontica -Chokhatauri municipality, village. Tskhratskaro; 5. Quercus macranthera -Tetritskaro Municipality, Algeti National Park; 6. Quercuse petrea subsp. iberica - Shuakhevi municipality, village. Uchamba 7. Quercus hartwissiana - Baghdatis municipality, village. Dimi. Samples were collected from early spring to late autumn. As a result, 7 forms of galls were collected and described wich caused by different species of oak gall wasps: 1. Neuroterus numismalis asexual gall 2. Neuroterus quercusbaccarum asexual galls 3. Cynips korsakovi asexual gall 4. Biorhiza pallida sexual gall 5. Neuroterus quercusbaccarum asexual galls 6. Neuroterus numismalis sexual gall 7. Cynips quercusfolii. Neuroterus quercusbaccarum asexual galls form the most represented of them: In Algeti National Park; In Mtskheta municipality; In Shuakhevi municipality and Ajameti reserve. The most damaged locations by oak gall wasps were Algeti National Park and Mtskheta Municipality, whereas the most biodiversity according to galls form was represented In Algeti National Park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gall%20wasps" title="gall wasps">gall wasps</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oak" title=" oak"> oak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cynipidae" title=" cynipidae"> cynipidae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species" title=" species"> species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150136/oak-gall-wasps-hymenoptera-cynipidae-cynipini-and-galls-form-recorded-from-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13862</span> Mapping Soils from Terrain Features: The Case of Nech SAR National Park of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shetie%20Gatew">Shetie Gatew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current soil maps of Ethiopia do not represent accurately the soils of Nech Sar National Park. In the framework of studies on the ecology of the park, we prepared a soil map based on field observations and a digital terrain model derived from SRTM data with a 30-m resolution. The landscape comprises volcanic cones, lava and basalt outflows, undulating plains, horsts, alluvial plains and river deltas. SOTER-like terrain mapping units were identified. First, the DTM was classified into 128 terrain classes defined by slope gradient (4 classes), relief intensity (4 classes), potential drainage density (2 classes), and hypsometry (4 classes). A soil-landscape relation between the terrain mapping units and WRB soil units was established based on 34 soil profile pits. Based on this relation, the terrain mapping units were either merged or split to represent a comprehensive soil and terrain map. The soil map indicates that Leptosols (30 %), Cambisols (26%), Andosols (21%), Fluvisols (12 %), and Vertisols (9%) are the most widespread Reference Soil Groups of the park. In contrast, the harmonized soil map of Africa derived from the FAO soil map of the world indicates that Luvisols (70%), Vertisols (14%) and Fluvisols (16%) would be the most common Reference Soil Groups. However, these latter mapping units are not consistent with the topography, nor did we find such extensive areas occupied by Luvisols during the field survey. This case study shows that with the now freely available SRTM data, it is possible to improve current soil information layers with relatively limited resources, even in a complex terrain like Nech Sar National Park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=andosols" title="andosols">andosols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cambisols" title=" cambisols"> cambisols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20elevation%20model" title=" digital elevation model"> digital elevation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptosols" title=" leptosols"> leptosols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-landscaps%20relation" title=" soil-landscaps relation"> soil-landscaps relation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178285/mapping-soils-from-terrain-features-the-case-of-nech-sar-national-park-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13861</span> Visitor Management in the National Parks: Recreational Carrying Capacity Assessment of Çıralı Coast, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tend%C3%BC%20H.%20G%C3%B6ktu%C4%9F">Tendü H. Göktuğ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%B6n%C3%BCl%20T.%20%C4%B0%C3%A7emer"> Gönül T. İçemer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%BClent%20Deniz"> Bülent Deniz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> National parks, which are rich in natural and cultural resources values are protected in the context of the idea to develop sustainability, are among the most important recreated areas demanding with each passing day. Increasing recreational use or unplanned use forms negatively affect the resource values and visitor satisfaction. The intent of national parks management is to protect the natural and cultural resource values and to provide the visitors with a quality of recreational experience, as well. In this context, the current studies to improve the appropriate tourism and recreation planning and visitor management, approach have focused on recreational carrying capacity analysis. The aim of this study is to analyze recreational carrying capacity of Çıralı Coast in the Bey Mountains Coastal National Park to compare the analyze results with the current usage format and to develop alternative management strategies. In the first phase of the study, the annual and daily visitations, geographic, bio-physical, and managerial characteristics of the park and the type of recreational usage and the recreational areas were analyzed. In addition to these, ecological observations were carried out in order to determine recreational-based pressures on the ecosystems. On-site questionnaires were administrated to a sample of 284 respondents in the August 2015 - 2016 to collect data concerning the demographics and visit characteristics. The second phase of the study, the coastal area separated into four different usage zones and the methodology proposed by Cifuentes (1992) was used for capacity analyses. This method supplies the calculation of physical, real and effective carrying capacities by using environmental, ecological, climatic and managerial parameters in a formulation. Expected numbers which estimated three levels of carrying capacities were compared to current numbers of national parks’ visitors. In the study, it was determined that the current recreational uses in the north of the beach were caused by ecological pressures, and the current numbers in the south of beach much more than estimated numbers of visitors. Based on these results management strategies were defined and the appropriate management tools were developed in accordance with these strategies. The authors are grateful for the financial support of this project by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (No: 114O344) <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87%C4%B1ral%C4%B1%20Coast" title="Çıralı Coast">Çıralı Coast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20parks" title=" national parks"> national parks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recreational%20carrying%20capacity" title=" recreational carrying capacity"> recreational carrying capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visitor%20management" title=" visitor management"> visitor management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77950/visitor-management-in-the-national-parks-recreational-carrying-capacity-assessment-of-cirali-coast-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13860</span> Evaluation and Possibilities of Valorization of Ecotourism Potentials in the Mbam and Djerem National Park</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rinyu%20Shei%20Mercy">Rinyu Shei Mercy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Protected areas are the potential areas for the development of ecotourism because of their biodiversity, landscapes, waterfalls, lakes, caves, salt lick and cultural heritage of local or indigenous people. These potentials have not yet been valorized, so this study will enable to investigate the evaluation and possibilities of valorization of ecotourism potentials in the Mbam and Djerem National Park. Hence, this was done by employing a combination of field observations, examination, data collection and evaluation, using a SWOT analysis. The SWOT provides an analysis to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and strategic suggestions for ecological planning. The study helps to determine an ecotouristic inventory and mapping of ecotourism potentials of the park, evaluate the degree of valorization of these potentials and the possibilities of valorization. Finally, the study has proven that the park has much natural potentials such as rivers, salt licks, waterfall and rapids, lakes, caves and rocks, etc. Also, from the study, it was realized that as concerns the degree of valorization of these ecotourism potentials, 50% of the population visit the salt lick of Pkayere because it’s a biodiversity hotspot and rich in mineral salt attracting a lot of animals and the least is the lake Miyere with 1% due to the fact that it is sacred. Moreover, from the results, there are possibilities that these potentials can be valorized and put into use because of their attractive nature such as creating good roads and bridges, good infrastructural facilities, good communication network etc. So, the study recommends that, in this process, MINTOUR, WCS, tour operators must interact sufficiently in order to develop the potential interest to ecotourism, ecocultural tourism and scientific tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title="ecotourism">ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park%20Mbam%20and%20Djerem" title=" national park Mbam and Djerem"> national park Mbam and Djerem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization%20of%20biodiversity" title=" valorization of biodiversity"> valorization of biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protected%20areas%20of%20Cameroon" title=" protected areas of Cameroon"> protected areas of Cameroon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117741/evaluation-and-possibilities-of-valorization-of-ecotourism-potentials-in-the-mbam-and-djerem-national-park" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13859</span> Acacia mearnsii De Wild-A New Scourge on Cork Oak Forests of El Kala National Park (North-Eastern Algeria)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Chekchaki">Samir Chekchaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ArifaBeddiar"> ArifaBeddiar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, more and more species are introduced outside their natural range. If most of them remain difficult, some may adopt a much more dynamic behavior. Indeed, we have witnessed in recent decades, the development of high forests of Acacia mearnsii in El Kala National Park. Introduced indefinitely, this leguminous intended to make money (nitrogen supply for industrial plantations of Eucalyptus), became one of the most invasive and more costly in terms of forest management. It has crossed all barriers: it has acclimatized, naturalized and then expanded through diverse landscapes; entry into competition with native species such as cork oak and altered ecosystem functioning. Therefore, it is interesting to analyze this new threat by relying on plants as bio-indicator for assessing biodiversity at different scales. We have identified the species present in several plots distributed in a range of vegetation types subjected to different degrees of disturbance by using the braun-blanquet method. Fifty-six species have been recorded. They are distributed in 48 genera and 29 families. The analysis of the relative frequency of species correlated with relative abundance clearly shows that the Acacia mearnsii feels marginalized. The ecological analysis of this biological invasion shows that disruption of either natural or anthropogenic origin (fire, prolonged drought, cut) represent the factors that exacerbate invasion by opening invasion windows. The lifting of seeds of Acacia mearnsii lasting physical dormancy (and variable) is ensured by the thermal shock in relation to its heliophilous character. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acacia%20mearnsii%20De%20Wild" title="Acacia mearnsii De Wild">Acacia mearnsii De Wild</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Kala%20National%20park" title=" El Kala National park"> El Kala National park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasive" title=" invasive"> invasive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40207/acacia-mearnsii-de-wild-a-new-scourge-on-cork-oak-forests-of-el-kala-national-park-north-eastern-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40207.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13858</span> Appraising the Need to Improve Sumu Wildlife Park Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria to International Standard </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanusi%20Abubakar%20Sadiq">Sanusi Abubakar Sadiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20William%20Chiwar"> Rebecca William Chiwar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wildlife Park stands a chance of contributing to tourism development in different ways, but available infrastructure, and facilities required by visitors when they arrive, access road to the destination, and resources to facilitate positive experience are lacking in certain areas. The study set out to find out the need to develop Sumu Wildlife Park Bauchi State, to an international standard. The study focused on identifying the existing facilities and infrastructure at the park and to further identify the available resources used by visitors. In attempt to find out the impact of developing Sumu Wildlife Park and ways of filling the gap of the actual standard data were obtained from fifteen administrative staff of Sumu Wildlife Park, ten staff of Bauchi state Tourism Board and twenty-five residents of the community in Kafin Madaki, Bauchi. Relevant literature were reviewed in the study; data collected were organized and analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), software for analysis. Findings revealed that though Sumu Wildlife Park has attractions to keep visitors patronage but has insufficient facilities to maintain visitors and has not been developed to an expected standard. The problem faced by the management of Sumu wildlife Park is lack of adequate facilities, infrastructure and resources. The need to develop Sumu Wildlife Park has enormous benefits in increasing patronage. Provision of more funds would help improve standard as there would be more activities within and around the park. Regular maintenance of those facilities protects the life span of the park. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attractions" title="attractions">attractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilities" title=" facilities"> facilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrastructure" title=" infrastructure"> infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resources" title=" resources"> resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51201/appraising-the-need-to-improve-sumu-wildlife-park-bauchi-north-eastern-nigeria-to-international-standard" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13857</span> Whether Buffer Zone Community Forests’ Benefits Are Distributed Fairly to Low-Income Users: Reflection From the Buffer Zone Community Forests in Bardia National Park, Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keshav%20Raj%20Acharya">Keshav Raj Acharya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thakur%20Silwal"> Thakur Silwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelam%20C.%20Poudyal"> Neelam C. Poudyal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buffer zones, the peripheral areas around the national parks and wildlife reserves, are available for the purpose of benefitting the local inhabitants by providing forest products for subsistence needs of basic forest products outside the protected areas. The forest area within the buffer zone has been managed as a buffer zone community forest (BZCF) for the last 25 years after the approval of the buffer zone management regulation 1996. With a case study of select BZCF in Bardia National Park, this study aims to analyze whether the benefit provided by BZCF is equally available to poor users among other socioeconomic classes of the users. The findings are based on the analysis of cross-sectional data involving household surveys (n=305) and key informants’ interviews (n=10) as well as office records available at different 5 buffer zone community forest user groups offices. Results indicate that despite the provisions of subsidized rates for poor; poor households were more deprived due to higher forest products price particularly, the timber price in buffer zone. Evidence also indicate that due to the increased forest coverage, the incidence of wildlife damage has also increased and impacted the poor more due to lack of land ownership as well as limited alternatives. Clear community forest management guidelines with equitable benefit sharing and compensatory mechanisms to the users of poor socioeconomic class have been identified as a solution to increase the benefit to poor users in BZCFUGs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20depredation" title="crop depredation">crop depredation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forest%20products" title=" forest products"> forest products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=users" title=" users"> users</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wellbeing%20ranking" title=" wellbeing ranking"> wellbeing ranking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181566/whether-buffer-zone-community-forests-benefits-are-distributed-fairly-to-low-income-users-reflection-from-the-buffer-zone-community-forests-in-bardia-national-park-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">54</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13856</span> Repetitive Compulsions of Trauma: Critically Analyzing Damages Done When Perpetuating Heroic White Masculinity at Federally Managed United States Civil War Battlefields</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cait%20M.%20Henry">Cait M. Henry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Jackson"> Sarah Jackson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract-This study is built from the culmination of four years of research into the cultural interpretation of Civil War heritage at a National Park Service (NPS) site, namely the Manassas National Battlefield Park, within an increasingly contentious political landscape surrounding the U.S. Civil War. Originating as questions regarding the relevancy of historic battlefields to the current culture within the United States soon evolved into more philosophical questions about what it means to feel welcome at a battlefield site, and what are considered appropriate actions and behaviors at what was once a mass gravesite. In trying to answer these questions, this work aims to critically analyze the confluence between the cultural authority of the NPS and collective memories of the U.S. Civil War. Operationalizing trauma as repeated violent acts within public spaces, the authors posit that the normalization of violence from white or white-passing men partially stems from the glorification of heroic white masculinity at National Park Service Civil War battlefield sites—especially those which also commemorate Confederate military strategy and prowess. From here the study moves outward to focus on the prevalence of heroic white masculinity within the nation’s current social zeitgeist, and particularly the notion that to take back masculinity one must utilize violence as a means of symbolic restoration from perceptions of white victimhood. The study ends with case studies of dark tourism framing at international battlefields as models for expanding heritage interpretation at the NPS site to foster narratives of empathy and responsibility within an increasingly contentious political landscape within the United States of America. Visitors do not leave Manassas National Battlefield Park with answers about the social and moral implications of the U.S. Civil War, but the tools for championing their own (predominantly white) heroic masculinity. As such, it is only logical that one common reaction when masculinity is symbolically threatened is to enact violence against Others as a restorative force within the United States. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confederate%20heritage" title="confederate heritage">confederate heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20history" title=" military history"> military history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park%20service" title=" national park service"> national park service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=United%20States%20civil%20war" title=" United States civil war"> United States civil war</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193101/repetitive-compulsions-of-trauma-critically-analyzing-damages-done-when-perpetuating-heroic-white-masculinity-at-federally-managed-united-states-civil-war-battlefields" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13855</span> National Project 'Environment' of Russian Federation as a Management Tool in Achieving SDGs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekaterina%20Posokhova">Ekaterina Posokhova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20Gavrilov"> Boris Gavrilov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Priority national projects have become an essential phenomenon in the Russian Federation. Both regional and local government institutions and a significant part of the society have been involved in their implementation. The scale and multispectricity of the national projects give a reason to believe that their concept is beyond the scope of the individual state programs. The national project “environment” contains federal projects on waste management, water, and air quality, ecotourism development, and biodiversity conservation highlights the importance of the preservation and restoration of Volga River and Lake Baikal ecosystems. This study assesses the national projects according to their relativeness with the current SDGs (i.e., SGD 14 and 15), evaluates the methodology of the projects. The paper considers the peculiarities of the national projects as strategic management tools as well as the possibility of amending the project objective indicators. Conclusion on the effectiveness of NP in terms of achieving SDGs is provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title="management">management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDP" title=" SDP"> SDP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=russia" title=" russia"> russia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114135/national-project-environment-of-russian-federation-as-a-management-tool-in-achieving-sdgs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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