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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><title>Authors | Heart</title><meta property="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"/><link rel="canonical" href="/pages/authors" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:title" content="Authors | Heart"/><meta property="og:description" content="Editorial policies and instructions for authors looking to publish their work in Heart."/><meta name="description" content="Editorial policies and instructions for authors looking to publish their work in Heart."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://heart.bmj.com/pages/authors"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Heart"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://heart.bmj.com/heart/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/BMJ_logo_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="298"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="298"/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://heart.bmj.com/heart/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/BMJ_logo_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-10-01T10:50:57+00:00"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="18"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/next-resources/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><link rel="preload" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" as="script" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://analytics.bmj.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://cdn-eu.pagesense.io" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://popup.wisepops.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://www.medtargetsystem.com" /><link rel="preload" href="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" as="script" /><script async="" src="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charSet="UTF-8" data-domain-script="565e50dd-f6e9-46d6-91cd-5c40a270264f" id="cookie-pro-script"></script><script id="otb-ads-consent">function OnetrustAdsConsent() { if (window.googletag && window.googletag.apiReady) { googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({nonPersonalizedAds:!!OptanonActiveGroups.match(/,4,/)}); googletag.pubads().refresh(); } else { setTimeout(OnetrustAdsConsent, 1000); } } function OptanonWrapper() { OnetrustAdsConsent(); }</script><link data-next-font="" rel="preconnect" href="/" crossorigin="anonymous" /><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/9ffa7931de5b2cb7.css" as="style" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/9ffa7931de5b2cb7.css" data-n-g="" /><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-78c92fac7aa8fdd8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-8fa1640cc84ba8fe.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-6dd3bf7463386647.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-4a6bb98b05a12a7e.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-cf97a50b7531b141.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/pages/authors-9d2a74bb0a4aec22.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/LZ0nwuehdtOGZ8Y6j2lJt/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/LZ0nwuehdtOGZ8Y6j2lJt/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function parseCookies() { let cookieHeader = document.cookie || ""; let cookies = Object.fromEntries( cookieHeader.split("; ").map((c) => c.split("=")) ); for (let key in cookies) { if (cookies[key] === "undefined") { cookies[key] = undefined; } } return cookies; } function uuidv4() { var d = new Date().getTime(); //Timestamp var d2 = (typeof performance !== "undefined" && performance.now && performance.now() * 1000) || 0; //Time in microseconds since page-load or 0 if unsupported return "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx".replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16; //random number between 0 and 16 if (d > 0) { //Use timestamp until depleted r = (d + r) % 16 | 0; d = Math.floor(d / 16); } else { //Use microseconds since page-load if supported r = (d2 + r) % 16 | 0; d2 = Math.floor(d2 / 16); } return (c === "x" ? 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href="/pages/authors/#supplements">Supplements</a></li></ul></div><div class="float-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 px-0 md:float-left md:w-[25%] md:px-[0.938rem]" data-testid="index-authors"><div class="mt-10 text-lg font-normal">Authors</div><ul class="!ml-0 !mt-2.5"><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#copyright_and_authors_rights">Copyright and authors’ rights</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#article_transfer_service">Article transfer service</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#ORCID">ORCID</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#author_resources">Author resources</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#rapid_responses">Rapid responses</a></li></ul></div><div class="float-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 px-0 md:float-left md:w-[25%] md:px-[0.938rem]" data-testid="index-journal-policy"><div class="mt-10 text-lg font-normal">Journal Policy</div><ul class="!ml-0 !mt-2.5"><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#editorial_policy">Editorial policy</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#plan_s_compliance">Plan S compliance</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#DATASHARING">Data sharing</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#PPI">Reporting patient and public involvement in research</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#reviewer_resources">Reviewer resources</a></li></ul></div></div><hr class="bg-bmj-silver-100 clear-both mx-0 block h-[0.0625rem] border-0 md:mx-[0.9375rem]"/><div class="items-[initial] my-0 mx-0 w-full min-w-0 pb-4 pt-4 md:mx-4 md:flex md:items-center" data-testid="ifora-metrics-panel"><div class="float-none w-full md:float-left md:w-[25%]"><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/heart?_gl=1*13rjiu6*_ga*MTM4MjY5MTgyOC4xNjQzMTExODE0*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY1MTA1NzM4Ni4xMDcuMS4xNjUxMDU4MTA4LjU5*_fplc*eTVHJTJGODFxdG4lMkZ6MXFGTkNOVzIxZms5dzYlMkY0YzJoV3N3TU8wN2hGR1ZQWGE4dFhxUEVQSkw1d2xZNSUyQjBpdnpzQUdPM0Ryek9MckZXWUowQU50TSUyQnglMkJBVThTMU92TGYxRWtvWlM5Sm1FM1hiaDQ1NUpaMFAybnclMkZ5MU9UJTJCZyUzRCUzRA.."><button class="bg-bmj-primary-brand w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm border-0 py-3 px-4 text-lg leading-6 text-white md:w-auto">Submit manuscript</button></a></div><div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row"><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="141"><div>Time to first decision with review:</div><div>27 days (median)</div></div><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="142"><div>Total content views:</div><div>1.99 million</div></div><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="143"><div>Impact factor:</div><div>5.1</div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-transparent" data-testid="sections-container-0"><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> is an international peer reviewed journal that keeps cardiologists up to date with important research advances in cardiovascular disease. New scientific developments are highlighted in editorials and put in context with concise review articles. There is one free Editor’s Choice article in each issue, with open access options available to authors for all articles. Education in <i>Heart</i> articles provide a comprehensive, continuously updated, cardiology curriculum.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> promotes active interchange among researchers and readers to come together as a community to advance science and improve patient care via regular free audio podcasts, letters to the Editor, and news via Twitter and Facebook.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-1"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Editorial policy<a id="editorial_policy" name="editorial_policy"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> adheres to the highest standards concerning its editorial policies on publication ethics, scientific misconduct, consent and peer review criteria. To view all BMJ Journal policies please refer to the <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/policies" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">page.</a> More information on <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/copyright-and-authors-rights">copyright and authors’ rights</a>.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-2"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Plan S compliance<a id="plan_s_compliance" name="plan_s_compliance"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> is a Plan S compliant Transformative Journal. Transformative Journals are one of the compliance routes offered by cOAlition S funders, such as Wellcome, WHO and UKRI. Find out more about <a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/openaccess-transformative-journals/">Transformative Journals</a> and <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/plan-s/">Plan S compliance</a> on our Author Hub.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-3"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Copyright and authors’ rights<a id="copyright_and_authors_rights" name="copyright_and_authors_rights"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Articles are published under an exclusive licence or non-exclusive licence for UK Crown employees or where BMJ has agreed CC BY applies. For US Federal Government officers or employees acting as part of their official duties, the terms are as stated in accordance with our licence terms. Authors or their employers retain copyright. Open access articles can be reused under the terms of the relevant Creative Commons licence to facilitate reuse of the content; please refer to the <em>Heart</em> <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/BMJ-Journals-Combined-Author-Licence-November-2018.pdf">Author Licence</a> for the applicable Creative Commons licences".</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">When publishing in <em>Heart</em>, authors choose between three licence types – exclusive licence granted to BMJ, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">CC-BY-NC</a> and <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY</a> (Creative Commons open access licences require payment of an <a href="#article_publishing_charges">article processing charge</a>). As an author you may wish to post your article in an institutional or subject repository, or on a scientific social sharing network. You may also link your published article to your preprint (if applicable). What you can do with your article, without seeking permission, depends on the licence you have chosen and the version of your article. Please refer to the <a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/author-self-archiving-and-permissions/">BMJ author self archiving and permissions policies page</a> for more information.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-4"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Preprints<a id="preprints" name="preprints"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Preprints foster openness, accessibility and collaboration by allowing authors to make their findings immediately available to the research community and receive feedback on an article before it is submitted to a journal for formal publication. BMJ fully supports and encourages the archiving of preprints in any recognised, not-for-profit server such as <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/">medRxiv.</a> BMJ does not consider the posting of an article in a dedicated preprint repository to be prior publication.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Preprints are reports of work that have not been peer-reviewed; Preprints should therefore not be used to guide clinical practice, health-related behaviour or health policy. For more information, please refer to our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/preprints/">Preprint policy page</a>. If your manuscript has been published as a preprint prior to submission to Heart, please indicate this in your cover letter and provide the reference to the preprint.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-5"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Peer review process<a id="peer_review_process" name="peer_review_process"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Articles submitted to <span style="font-weight: 400;"><em>Heart</em></span><i> </i>are subject to peer review. In most instances we aim for two external opinions (and often additional statistical assessment) for reasons of fairness and science. The journal is not prepared to compromise on this stance. The journal operates single anonymised peer review whereby the names of the reviewers are hidden from the author; Manuscripts authored by a member of a journal’s editorial team are independently peer reviewed; an editor will have no input or influence on the peer review process or publication decision for their own article. For more information on what to expect during the peer review process please refer to <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/">BMJ Author Hub – the peer review process</a>. BMJ requests that all reviewers adhere to a set of basic principles and standards during the peer-review process in research publication; these are based on the COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Please refer to our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/peer-review-terms-and-conditions/">peer review terms and conditions policy page</a>.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">BMJ is committed to transparency. Every article we publish includes a description of its provenance (commissioned or not commissioned) and whether it was internally or externally peer reviewed. During the submission process, authors must not suggest reviewers who are current or recent colleagues of themselves or their co-authors. For more information about suggesting reviewers please visit our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/suggesting-reviewers/">Author Hub</a>. Plagiarism is the appropriation of the language, ideas or thoughts of another without crediting their true source and representation of them as one’s own original work. BMJ is a member of CrossCheck by CrossRef and iThenticate. iThenticate is a plagiarism screening service that verifies the originality of content submitted before publication. BMJ runs manuscripts through iThenticate during the peer review process. Authors, researchers and freelancers can also use iThenticate to screen their work before submission by visiting <a href="https://www.ithenticate.com/">www.ithenticate.com</a>.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-6"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Article transfer service<a id="article_transfer_service" name="article_transfer_service"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">BMJ and the British Cardiovascular Society are committed to ensuring that all good quality research is published. Our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/bmj-transfer-service/">article transfer service</a> helps authors find the best journal for their research while providing an easy and smooth publication process. If authors agree to transfer their manuscript, all versions, supplementary files and peer reviewer comments are automatically transferred; without the need to resubmit or reformat. Authors who submit to Heart and are rejected will be offered the option of transferring to <em><a href="https://openheart.bmj.com/">Open Heart</a>.</em></div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><em>Open Heart</em> is the open access companion journal to <em>Heart</em>. It is indexed by Web of Science Core Collection: Emerging Sources Citation Index, Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase (Excerpta Medica), DOAJ, Google Scholar, and covers all disciplines and therapeutic areas of cardiovascular medicine. Find out more about <em><a href="https://openheart.bmj.com/pages/authors/">Open Heart</a></em>. Please note that the article transfer service does not guarantee acceptance, but you should receive a quicker initial decision on your manuscript. Contact the Transfer Editor at transfers@bmj.com</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-7"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Data sharing<a id="DATASHARING" name="DATASHARING"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> adheres to BMJ's Tier 2 data policy. We strongly <i>encourage</i> that data generated by your research that supports your article be made available as soon as possible, wherever legally and ethically possible. We also <i>require</i> data from clinical trials to be made available upon reasonable request. To adhere to <a href="http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html#two">ICMJE guidelines</a>, we <i>require</i> that a data sharing plan must be included with trial registration for clinical trials that begin enrolling participants on or after 1st January 2019. Changes to the plan must be noted in the Data Availability Statement and updated in the registry record. All research articles must contain a Data Availability Statement. For more information and FAQs, please see BMJ's full <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/data-sharing/">Data Sharing Policy</a> page.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-8"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Reporting patient and public involvement in research<a id="PPI" name="PPI"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">BMJ encourages active patient and public involvement in clinical research as part of its patient and public partnership strategy. To support co-production of research we request that authors provide a Patient and Public Involvement statement in the methods section of their papers, under the subheading ‘Patient and public involvement’. We appreciate that patient and public involvement is relatively new and may not be feasible or appropriate for all papers. We therefore continue to consider papers where patients were not involved. The Patient and Public Involvement statement should provide a brief response to the following questions, tailored as appropriate for the study design reported (<a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/patient-public-partnership/">please find example statements here</a>): <ul> <li>At what stage in the research process were patients/the public first involved in the research and how?</li> <li>How were patients/the public involved in the design of this study?</li> </ul></div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><ul> <li>How were they involved in the recruitment to and conduct of the study?</li> <li>Were they asked to assess the burden of the intervention and time required to participate in the research?</li> <li>How were (or will) they be involved in your plans to disseminate the study results to participants and relevant wider patient communities (e.g. by choosing what information/results to share, when, and in what format)?</li> </ul> If patients were not involved please state this. In addition to considering the points above we advise authors to look at guidance for best reporting of patient and public involvement as set out in the <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/358/bmj.j3453">GRIPP2 reporting checklist</a>. If the Patient and Public Involvement statement is missing in the submitted manuscript we will request that authors provide it.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-9"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">ORCID<a id="ORCID" name="ORCID"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> mandates ORCID iDs for the submitting author at the time of article submission; co-authors and reviewers are strongly encouraged to also connect their ScholarOne accounts to ORCID. We strongly believe that the increased use and integration of ORCID iDs will be beneficial for the whole research community. Please find more information about ORCID and BMJ’s policy on our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/orcid/">Author Hub</a>.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-10"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Author resources<a id="author_resources" name="author_resources"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><ul> <li>Tips for publishing clinical cardiology research: <a href="/cgi/content/full/heartjnl-2017-311806?ijkey=mgIdquQGc7Bt.&keytype=ref&siteid=bmjjournals">paper</a> and <a href="https://heartbmj.podbean.com/e/tips-for-publishing-your-research/">podcast</a></li> <li>Presenting tables, graphs and statistics: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXU14EQbU_V9JpmolAKsaCC0VjJzbxzAN">videos</a> and an article series: <a href="/content/104/3/192.full" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Designing effective tables</a> <a href="http://ard.bmj.com/content/77/6/833" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Designing effective graphs</a> <a href="/cgi/content/full/102/5/349?ijkey=nUKVNiiKI3qSU&keytype=ref&siteid=bmjjournals">Comparing categorical and continuous variables</a> <a href="/content/early/2017/01/12/heartjnl-2015-308229.full?ijkey=YQjAhk4j5rikQ&keytype=ref&siteid=bmjjournals">Survival analysis</a> <a href="/content/103/1/19.full?ijkey=IJ2Hwu7eu8ta.&keytype=ref&siteid=bmjjournals">Data visualisation for meta-analysis</a> <a href="/content/early/2017/02/08/heartjnl-2016-310210.full?ijkey=Gs.tF5TqD82P.&keytype=ref&siteid=bmjjournals">Clinical prediction rules</a></li> <li><a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/research-ethics/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ethical approval</a> for studies involving human participants and animals</li> </ul></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-11"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Reviewer resources<a id="reviewer_resources" name="reviewer_resources"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i>'s Editor-in-Chief has written some guidelines for reviewers, aimed primarily at individuals that are new to reviewing manuscripts. If you would like to register your interest in becoming a reviewer for <i>Heart</i>, please contact the <a href="mailto:info.heart@bmj.com">Editorial Office</a>. <ul> <li><a href="/content/101/1/3.full">How to review a paper for <i>Heart</i></a> (editorial)</li> <li><a href="/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/12/reviewapaper.pdf">How to review a paper for <i>Heart</i></a> (powerpoint slides)</li> </ul></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-12"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Tobacco funding policy<a id="tobacco_funding_policy" name="tobacco_funding_policy"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><i>Heart</i> will not consider for publication papers reporting work funded wholly or partly by the tobacco industry. This journal also excludes work where the authors have personal financial ties with the tobacco industry. This applies to all content types. <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/tobacco-policy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://authors.bmj.com/policies/tobacco-policy/&source=gmail&ust=1721383862372000&usg=AOvVaw2o_TG6DX3x5LGry4OXoiYI">Read more on BMJ’s policy on work funded by the tobacco industry on the BMJ Author Hub.</a></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-13"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Article processing charges<a id="article_publishing_charges" name="article_publishing_charges"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">During submission, authors can choose to have their article published open access for 3,410 GBP (exclusive of VAT for UK and EU authors). Publishing open access has multiple benefits including wider reach, faster impact and increased citation and usage. Authors can also choose to publish their article in colour for the print edition - instead of the default option of black and white - for 460 GBP (NB this charge does not apply to Image Challenge articles). There are no submission, page or online-only colour figure charges for any article types.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-14"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Waivers and Discounts<a id="waivers_and_discounts" name="waivers_and_discounts"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">If authors choose to publish their article open access, an APC waiver may be available. Before applying for an APC waiver please consider: <strong>(1) Does your institution have an open access agreement with BMJ? </strong> If it does, then this may cover all or part of the APC for your article. <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/oa-agreements/">Check BMJ’s open access agreements page</a> to find out whether your institution is a member and what discounts you may be entitled to. <strong>(2) Have you received funding from a funder with an open access mandate or policy that covers paying APCs? </strong> If so, BMJ expects that the APC will be paid in full. If neither (1) nor (2) above apply then consider <strong>(3) Are all the authors of your article based in low-income countries*? </strong> If so, you are eligible to apply for a full or partial waiver from BMJ. Visit our <a href="//authors.bmj.com/open-access/fees-discounts/)">author hub</a> to learn more about our waivers policy and how to request one. Please note that regardless of the funding situation, authors can still choose to publish with us at no cost, and articles will be made available to our subscribers. *This list is reviewed annually and is based upon HINARI Core Offer Groups A and B, and the World Bank Country and Lending Groups.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-15"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Rapid responses<a id="rapid_responses" name="rapid_responses"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">A rapid response is a moderated but not peer reviewed online response to a published article in <i>Heart</i>; it will not receive a DOI and will not be indexed. Find out more about responses and how to <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/rapid-responses"><u>submit a response.</u></a></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-16"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Submission guidelines<a id="submission_guidelines" name="submission_guidelines"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Please review the below article type specifications including the required article lengths, illustrations, table limits and reference counts. The word count excludes the title page, abstract, tables, acknowledgements, contributions and references. Manuscripts should be as succinct as possible. For further support when making your submission please refer to the resources available on the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/">BMJ Author Hub</a>. Here you will find information on <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/">writing and formatting</a> your research through to the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/">peer review process</a> and <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/promote-your-paper/">promoting your paper</a>. You may also wish to use the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/language-editing-services/">language editing and translation</a> services provided by <a href="https://authorservices.bmj.com/?utm_source=BMJ-hea&utm_medium=Referral">BMJ Author Services</a>.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><a href="#original_research">Original research</a> <a href="#systematic_review">Systematic review</a> <a href="#review">Review</a> <a href="#short_report">Short report</a> <a href="#opinion">Opinion</a> <a href="#education">Education in Heart</a> <a href="#editorial">Editorial</a> <a href="#image_challenge">Image challenge</a> <a href="#response">Response</a> <a href="#supplements">Supplements</a></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-17"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Original research<a id="original_research" name="original_research"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Authors submitting papers reporting original research data (for example, clinical research, meta-analyses, translational science) should not exceed a limit of 3000 words, eight figures and/or tables, and 30 references (up to 50 references are permitted for a meta-analysis). Articles that significantly exceed this word limit may be returned for revision before peer review. Research reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc) should be submitted as Systematic reviews. Following the lead of The BMJ and its <a href="https://www.bmj.com/campaign/patient-partnership">patient partnership strategy</a>, <em>Heart</em> is encouraging active patient involvement in setting the research agenda. As such, we require authors of original research articles to add a Patient and Public Involvement statement in the Methods section. Please see more details <a href="/pages/authors/#PPI">above</a>.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Title</strong> Use a short title that describes the key elements of your paper. Use a subtitle to indicate the study type only for a randomized clinical trial, meta-analysis, or systematic review. Other subtitles are discouraged. Abbreviations, acronyms, and brand or device names are not allowed in titles. Titles should be non-declamatory (ie, not state the findings of the paper).</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Abstract</strong> Authors of original scientific papers must supply a structured abstract of no more than 300 words. If your paper reports the results of a trial, your abstract should conform to the CONSORT guidelines for abstracts. For all other papers, the following structure should be followed: <ul> <li>Background - include the specific study aims or hypothesis</li> <li>Methods – include study design, setting, patients, interventions and main outcome measures.</li> <li>Results - give numerical data rather than vague statements that drug x produced a better response than drug y. Favour confidence intervals over p values, and give the numerical data on which any p value is based. Include absolute as well as relative risk numerical data.</li> <li>Conclusions - do not make any claims that are not supported by data in the paper.</li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-3"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Section head</strong> You will be asked to choose the most relevant topic area for your article from the list of sections published in <i>Heart</i>.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-4"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Keywords</strong> Supply up to 5 keywords from the list provided.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-5"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Research checklist</strong> Authors are encouraged to use the relevant research reporting guidelines for the study type provided by the <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/">EQUATOR Network</a>. The key reporting guidelines are: <ul> <li>Randomised controlled trials (RCTs): <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/consort-2010-statement-updated-guidelines-for-reporting-parallel-group-randomised-trials/">CONSORT guidelines</a></li> <li>Systematic reviews and meta-analyses: <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/preferred-reporting-items-for-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses-the-prisma-statement/">PRISMA guidelines</a> and <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-a-proposal-for-reporting-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-moose-group/">MOOSE guidelines</a></li> <li>Observational studies: <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/the-strengthening-the-reporting-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-strobe-statement-guidelines-for-reporting-observational-studies/">STROBE guidelines</a> and <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-a-proposal-for-reporting-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-moose-group/">MOOSE guidelines</a></li> <li>Diagnostic accuracy studies: <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/towards-complete-and-accurate-reporting-of-studies-of-diagnostic-accuracy-the-stard-initiative-standards-for-reporting-of-diagnostic-accuracy/">STARD guidelines</a></li> <li>Quality improvement studies: <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/publication-guidelines-for-quality-improvement-in-health-care-evolution-of-the-squire-project/">SQUIRE guidelines</a></li> <li>Multivariate prediction models: <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/tripod-statement/">TRIPOD guidelines</a></li> </ul> Completed research checklists should be uploaded during the submission process. If blank checklists are submitted, they will be returned to authors to complete with the required information. If there is no relevant checklist for your study type, please use the STROBE checklist and complete as much information as is relevant. Please include the key messages of your article after your abstract using the following headings. This section should be no more than 3-5 sentences and should be distinct from the abstract; be succinct, specific and accurate. <ul> <li><strong>What is already known on this topic</strong> – <em>summarise the state of scientific knowledge on this subject before you did your study and why this study needed to be done</em></li> <li><strong>What this study adds</strong> – <em>summarise what we now know as a result of this study that we did not know before</em></li> <li><strong>How this study might affect research, practice or policy</strong> – <em>summarise the implications of this study in context of all available evidence</em></li> </ul> This will be published as a summary box after the abstract in the final published article.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-6"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Introduction</strong> Brief description of the background that led to the study (current results and conclusions should not be included). The study specific aims or hypothesis should be clearly stated.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-7"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Methods</strong> Provide details of the study population as detailed in the key reporting guidelines on the Research Checklist. In addition: <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li>Describe statistical methods with enough detail to enable the reader to judge its appropriateness for the study and to verify the reported results.</li> <li>When possible, quantify findings and present them with appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals). Avoid relying solely on statistical hypothesis testing, such as P values.</li> <li>Distinguish prespecified from exploratory analyses, including subgroup analyses.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-8"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Results</strong> Undue repetition in text and tables should be avoided. Comment on validity and significance of results is appropriate but broader discussion of their implication is restricted to the next section. Subheadings that aid clarity of presentation within this and the previous section are encouraged.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-9"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Tables</strong> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li>Use tables to summarise data when possible, rather than text.</li> <li>Ensure that the data are easy to read and understand, and kept in context.</li> <li>Use categories and sub-categories effectively to highlight patterns in the data.</li> <li>Keep table titles, labels and footnotes brief.</li> <li>Tables may be no longer than 2 pages in length.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-10"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Figures</strong> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li>Use graphical displays of quantitative data if this is the best way to present the information.</li> <li>Ensure that the message is easy to visualise and understand, and kept in context.</li> <li>Avoid graphical forms that distort the data or are prone to misinterpretation.</li> <li>Choose your graph type carefully for best visual clarity, and avoid chart ‘art’.</li> <li>Ensure data symbols and lines can be easily distinguished i.e. more prominent than axis lines, use solid greyscale or colour lines rather than pixellated/dashed lines.</li> <li>Avoid bar or column graphs; instead use boxplots or other graphical displays to show the data distribution, as well as mean values. Use solid greyscale or colour fills rather than patterned fills.</li> <li>Avoid non-essential grids, background shading, or explanatory text inside the graph. Avoid legends in the graph itself; instead put labels next to the data line or include this information in the text figure legend.</li> <li>Keep axis titles and labels brief. Use clear labels for units of measure on each axis.</li> <li>Aim to fill the frame to avoid large areas of white space.</li> <li>On life-table graphs, include the number of subjects at risk in each group at several time points along the x-axis.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> Please ensure that any text included in figures is written in British English; if not, you may be requested to amend these at proof stage. It is recommended at you include one figure that is a visual summary of the key points from your paper, as this will assist with promoting your published article via social media. <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"> <ul> <li style="list-style-type: none;"></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-11"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Discussion</strong> The nature and findings of the study are placed in context of other relevant published data. Caveats to the study should be discussed. Avoid undue extrapolation from the study topic. Ensure wording is appropriate to the study type. A cause-effect relationship can be inferred only from randomized controlled clinical trials. Studies showing an association should avoid wording that implies causality.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-12"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>References</strong> Up to 30 references are permitted in the main manuscript (or up to 50 references for a meta-analysis). All of these references must be cited in the main text. Additional references that relate only to any supplemental material should be cited in the supplemental material.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-13"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Supplemental material</strong> Additional information such as figures, tables, raw data and methodology statements, may be submitted and published alongside your manuscript as ‘supplemental material’. This will be published only, in the format supplied by the author. Further information is provided on the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Author Hub</a>. Additional references that relate only to any supplemental material should be cited in the supplemental material.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-14"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Acknowledgments and affiliations</strong> Individuals with direct involvement in the study but not included in authorship may be acknowledged. The source of financial support and industry affiliations of all those involved must be stated.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-15"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Measurements and abbreviations</strong> Restrict the use of abbreviations (apart from conventional units of measurement) to two or three per paper. Spell out each abbreviation at first mention in the abstract and paper. All acronyms of trials referred to in a paper should be listed alphabetically and explained in a separate glossary. Measurements must be given in SI units. Blood pressure should be given in mm Hg.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-18"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Systematic review<a id="systematic_review" name="systematic_review"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">This article type includes all research reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc). Please include the research type in your title to make the nature of your study clear. Authors of systematic reviews should follow the <a href="http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/preferred-reporting-items-for-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses-the-prisma-statement/">PRISMA guidelines</a> and upload their completed research checklist when submitting their manuscript. Please see Original research for more guidance on article requirements. Please note that key messages are not required for this article type.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-19"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Review<a id="review" name="review"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Reviews are balanced accounts of all aspects of a particular subject including the pros and cons of any contentious or uncertain aspect. Research reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc) are classified by the journal as Systematic reviews and must be submitted as such. Although these are usually commissioned, authors are invited to discuss possible topics directly with the Editor-in-Chief.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Word count:</strong> up to 3000 words <strong>Abstract:</strong> up to 300 words <strong>Tables/illustrations:</strong> up to 8 <strong>References:</strong> up to 50</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-20"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Short report<a id="short_report" name="short_report"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Short reports are condensed reports of original studies. Supplementary material should only be included for absolutely essential description of methods (with no additional results or discussion).</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Word count:</strong> up to 1500 words <strong>Abstract:</strong> 250 words (structured) <strong>Tables/illustrations:</strong> up to 3 <strong>References:</strong> up to 15</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-21"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Opinion<a id="opinion" name="opinion"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><p style="font-weight: 400;">Short opinion piece by experts on topics relating to cardiovascular research, clinical medicine, public health or policy. There should be no more than 3 authors and supplementary material should not be included.</p></div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Word count:</strong> up to 1200 words <strong>Tables/illustrations:</strong> 1 <strong>References:</strong> up to 5</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-22"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]"><a id="education" name="education"></a>Education in Heart</h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Education in Heart provides a structured comprehensive curriculum aligned with educational goals and objectives. All articles are commissioned.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-23"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Editorial<a id="editorial" name="editorial"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">These are commissioned only articles. Original papers should not be submitted under this category.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Word count:</strong> up to 1200 words <strong>Tables/illustrations:</strong> up to 2 <strong>References:</strong> up to 8</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-24"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Image challenge<a id="image_challenge" name="image_challenge"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">This section is for images that make an educational point. Since the aim of these articles is to stimulate the reader to think about the case, the title should be ambiguous and not give away the final diagnosis immediately, e.g. "Atypical chest pain in a young woman". Each image challenge will be presented in two parts. The first part should contain a very brief clinical introduction to a case (maximum 200 words), followed by an image (ideally in colour) and a board-review format multiple choice question designed to stimulate the reader to think about what the image shows. In addition to cardiovascular imaging, other images, such as an ECG or histology, are appropriate. The legend should not indicate the diagnosis but should simply describe the nature of the image e.g. “3D echocardiographic image of the mitral valve”. The image should be cited in the text. The second part (maximum 200 words) will appear separately from the case and should contain the answer. The answer should include a brief description of the key diagnostic features of the image, the outcome, and a teaching point. The answer should explain why the correct answer is correct and why the incorrect answers are not. When submitting your manuscript, the 'introduction' (including the question) and the 'explanation' (including the answer) should be uploaded as two separate text documents, both with the file designation 'Main document'.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">The quality of the image must be at least 300dpi and in .tif, .jpeg, .gif or .eps format. Multi-panel figures are acceptable. There are no charges for colour figures in print for Image Challenge articles. Videos for online presentation are also welcomed and should be in .mov, .avi, or .mpeg format. Image Challenge articles must adhere to <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/patient-consent-and-confidentiality/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BMJ's patient consent policy</a>. All identifying information must be removed from the images, and the text also cannot contain any identifying information, including a specific age. Instead state 'A woman in her 40s', for example. If the article cannot be sufficiently anonymised, patient consent will be required. <a href="/content/early/2021/08/16/heartjnl-2021-319175">Further information on how to write an image challenge multiple choice question.</a> <strong>Number of authors:</strong> 3 maximum <strong>Word count:</strong> up to 400 words <strong>References:</strong> up to 5</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-25"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Response<a id="response" name="response"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Responses to articles published in Heart are welcomed and should be submitted online via the journal’s website. Contributors should go to the abstract or full text of the article in question and click on the ‘Responses’ tab. Contributors will be asked to agree to our response <a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/journals-terms-and-conditions-for-rapid-responses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">terms and conditions</a>. Responses relating to previously published items in the journal will be reviewed by the editor. They may be sent to the authors of the original article, who will be invited to reply. Responses are moderated but not peer reviewed; they do not receive a DOI and are not indexed. Occasionally Heart publishes selected responses in journal issues, together with the author’s response where applicable. If a response is selected for publication in an issue, the contributor will be notified and asked to upload this to the journal’s submission system as Correspondence. Correspondence articles will receive a DOI and be indexed. The title of your submission should follow this format: ‘Correspondence on “Article title” by “Author(s)”‘.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Word count:</strong> up to 600 words <strong>Abstract:</strong> not required <strong>Tables/illustrations:</strong> none <strong>References:</strong> maximum 10</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-26"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Supplements<a id="supplements" name="supplements"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">The BMJ Publishing Group journals are willing to consider publishing supplements to regular issues. Supplement proposals may be made at the request of: <ul> <li>The journal editor, an editorial board member or a learned society may wish to organise a meeting, sponsorship may be sought and the proceedings published as a supplement.</li> <li>The journal editor, editorial board member or learned society may wish to commission a supplement on a particular theme or topic. Again, sponsorship may be sought.</li> <li>The BMJPG itself may have proposals for supplements where sponsorship may be necessary.</li> <li>A sponsoring organisation, often a pharmaceutical company or a charitable foundation, that wishes to arrange a meeting, the proceedings of which will be published as a supplement.</li> </ul> In all cases, it is vital that the journal's integrity, independence and academic reputation is not compromised in any way.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">For further information on criteria that must be fulfilled, download the <a href="/heart/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Supplement_Guidelines-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">supplements guidelines</a>. When contacting us regarding a potential supplement, please include as much of the information below as possible. <ul> <li>Journal in which you would like the supplement published</li> <li>Title of supplement and/or meeting on which it is based</li> <li>Date of meeting on which it is based</li> <li>Proposed table of contents with provisional article titles and proposed authors</li> <li>An indication of whether authors have agreed to participate</li> <li>Sponsor information including any relevant deadlines</li> <li>An indication of the expected length of each paper Guest Editor proposals if appropriate</li> </ul></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></main></div></div><footer><div class="border-bmj-silver-100 border-t-solid m-0 ml-auto mr-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-wrap gap-4 border border-b-0 border-l-0 border-r-0 pl-4 pr-4"><a class="my-4" href="https://www.britishcardiovascularsociety.org/" data-testid="association-logo-1-link" aria-label="BCS"><img 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New scientific developments are highlighted in editorials and put in context with concise review articles. There is one free Editor’s Choice article in each issue, with open access options available to authors for all articles. Education in \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e articles provide a comprehensive, continuously updated, cardiology curriculum.","\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e promotes active interchange among researchers and readers to come together as a community to advance science and improve patient care via regular free audio podcasts, letters to the Editor, and news via Twitter and Facebook."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Editorial policy\u003ca id=\"editorial_policy\" name=\"editorial_policy\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e adheres to the highest standards concerning its editorial policies on publication ethics, scientific misconduct, consent and peer review criteria. To view all BMJ Journal policies please refer to the \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/policies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003epage.\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\r\nMore information on \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/copyright-and-authors-rights\"\u003ecopyright and authors’ rights\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Plan S compliance\u003ca id=\"plan_s_compliance\" name=\"plan_s_compliance\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e is a Plan S compliant Transformative Journal. Transformative Journals are one of the compliance routes offered by cOAlition S funders, such as Wellcome, WHO and UKRI. Find out more about \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/openaccess-transformative-journals/\"\u003eTransformative Journals\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/plan-s/\"\u003ePlan S compliance\u003c/a\u003e on our Author Hub."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Copyright and authors’ rights\u003ca id=\"copyright_and_authors_rights\" name=\"copyright_and_authors_rights\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Articles are published under an exclusive licence or non-exclusive licence for UK Crown employees or where BMJ has agreed CC BY applies. For US Federal Government officers or employees acting as part of their official duties, the terms are as stated in accordance with our licence terms. Authors or their employers retain copyright. Open access articles can be reused under the terms of the relevant Creative Commons licence to facilitate reuse of the content; please refer to the \u003cem\u003eHeart\u003c/em\u003e \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/BMJ-Journals-Combined-Author-Licence-November-2018.pdf\"\u003eAuthor Licence\u003c/a\u003e for the applicable Creative Commons licences\".","When publishing in \u003cem\u003eHeart\u003c/em\u003e, authors choose between three licence types – exclusive licence granted to BMJ, \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCC-BY-NC\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"\u003eCC-BY\u003c/a\u003e (Creative Commons open access licences require payment of an \u003ca href=\"#article_publishing_charges\"\u003earticle processing charge\u003c/a\u003e). As an author you may wish to post your article in an institutional or subject repository, or on a scientific social sharing network. You may also link your published article to your preprint (if applicable). What you can do with your article, without seeking permission, depends on the licence you have chosen and the version of your article. Please refer to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/author-self-archiving-and-permissions/\"\u003eBMJ author self archiving and permissions policies page\u003c/a\u003e for more information."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Preprints\u003ca id=\"preprints\" name=\"preprints\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Preprints foster openness, accessibility and collaboration by allowing authors to make their findings immediately available to the research community and receive feedback on an article before it is submitted to a journal for formal publication.\r\n\r\nBMJ fully supports and encourages the archiving of preprints in any recognised, not-for-profit server such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/\"\u003emedRxiv.\u003c/a\u003e BMJ does not consider the posting of an article in a dedicated preprint repository to be prior publication.","Preprints are reports of work that have not been peer-reviewed; Preprints should therefore not be used to guide clinical practice, health-related behaviour or health policy. For more information, please refer to our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/preprints/\"\u003ePreprint policy page\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nIf your manuscript has been published as a preprint prior to submission to Heart, please indicate this in your cover letter and provide the reference to the preprint."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Peer review process\u003ca id=\"peer_review_process\" name=\"peer_review_process\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Articles submitted to \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eHeart\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003ci\u003e \u003c/i\u003eare subject to peer review. In most instances we aim for two external opinions (and often additional statistical assessment) for reasons of fairness and science. The journal is not prepared to compromise on this stance. The journal operates single anonymised peer review whereby the names of the reviewers are hidden from the author; Manuscripts authored by a member of a journal’s editorial team are independently peer reviewed; an editor will have no input or influence on the peer review process or publication decision for their own article. For more information on what to expect during the peer review process please refer to \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/\"\u003eBMJ Author Hub – the peer review process\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nBMJ requests that all reviewers adhere to a set of basic principles and standards during the peer-review process in research publication; these are based on the COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Please refer to our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/peer-review-terms-and-conditions/\"\u003epeer review terms and conditions policy page\u003c/a\u003e.","BMJ is committed to transparency. Every article we publish includes a description of its provenance (commissioned or not commissioned) and whether it was internally or externally peer reviewed. During the submission process, authors must not suggest reviewers who are current or recent colleagues of themselves or their co-authors. For more information about suggesting reviewers please visit our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/suggesting-reviewers/\"\u003eAuthor Hub\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nPlagiarism is the appropriation of the language, ideas or thoughts of another without crediting their true source and representation of them as one’s own original work. BMJ is a member of CrossCheck by CrossRef and iThenticate. iThenticate is a plagiarism screening service that verifies the originality of content submitted before publication. BMJ runs manuscripts through iThenticate during the peer review process. Authors, researchers and freelancers can also use iThenticate to screen their work before submission by visiting \u003ca href=\"https://www.ithenticate.com/\"\u003ewww.ithenticate.com\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Article transfer service\u003ca id=\"article_transfer_service\" name=\"article_transfer_service\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["BMJ and the British Cardiovascular Society are committed to ensuring that all good quality research is published. Our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/bmj-transfer-service/\"\u003earticle transfer service\u003c/a\u003e helps authors find the best journal for their research while providing an easy and smooth publication process. If authors agree to transfer their manuscript, all versions, supplementary files and peer reviewer comments are automatically transferred; without the need to resubmit or reformat.\r\n\r\nAuthors who submit to Heart and are rejected will be offered the option of transferring to \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://openheart.bmj.com/\"\u003eOpen Heart\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e","\u003cem\u003eOpen Heart\u003c/em\u003e is the open access companion journal to \u003cem\u003eHeart\u003c/em\u003e. It is indexed by Web of Science Core Collection: Emerging Sources Citation Index, Medline, PubMed Central, Scopus, Embase (Excerpta Medica), DOAJ, Google Scholar, and covers all disciplines and therapeutic areas of cardiovascular medicine. Find out more about \u003cem\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://openheart.bmj.com/pages/authors/\"\u003eOpen Heart\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/em\u003e.\r\n\r\nPlease note that the article transfer service does not guarantee acceptance, but you should receive a quicker initial decision on your manuscript.\r\n\r\nContact the Transfer Editor at transfers@bmj.com"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Data sharing\u003ca id=\"DATASHARING\" name=\"DATASHARING\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e adheres to BMJ's Tier 2 data policy. We strongly \u003ci\u003eencourage\u003c/i\u003e that data generated by your research that supports your article be made available as soon as possible, wherever legally and ethically possible. We also \u003ci\u003erequire\u003c/i\u003e data from clinical trials to be made available upon reasonable request. To adhere to \u003ca href=\"http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html#two\"\u003eICMJE guidelines\u003c/a\u003e, we \u003ci\u003erequire\u003c/i\u003e that a data sharing plan must be included with trial registration for clinical trials that begin enrolling participants on or after 1st January 2019. Changes to the plan must be noted in the Data Availability Statement and updated in the registry record. All research articles must contain a Data Availability Statement. For more information and FAQs, please see BMJ's full \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/data-sharing/\"\u003eData Sharing Policy\u003c/a\u003e page."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Reporting patient and public involvement in research\u003ca id=\"PPI\" name=\"PPI\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["BMJ encourages active patient and public involvement in clinical research as part of its patient and public partnership strategy. To support co-production of research we request that authors provide a Patient and Public Involvement statement in the methods section of their papers, under the subheading ‘Patient and public involvement’.\r\n\r\nWe appreciate that patient and public involvement is relatively new and may not be feasible or appropriate for all papers. We therefore continue to consider papers where patients were not involved.\r\n\r\nThe Patient and Public Involvement statement should provide a brief response to the following questions, tailored as appropriate for the study design reported (\u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/patient-public-partnership/\"\u003eplease find example statements here\u003c/a\u003e):\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAt what stage in the research process were patients/the public first involved in the research and how?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eHow were patients/the public involved in the design of this study?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eHow were they involved in the recruitment to and conduct of the study?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eWere they asked to assess the burden of the intervention and time required to participate in the research?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eHow were (or will) they be involved in your plans to disseminate the study results to participants and relevant wider patient communities (e.g. by choosing what information/results to share, when, and in what format)?\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\nIf patients were not involved please state this.\r\n\r\nIn addition to considering the points above we advise authors to look at guidance for best reporting of patient and public involvement as set out in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/content/358/bmj.j3453\"\u003eGRIPP2 reporting checklist\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nIf the Patient and Public Involvement statement is missing in the submitted manuscript we will request that authors provide it."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"ORCID\u003ca id=\"ORCID\" name=\"ORCID\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e mandates ORCID iDs for the submitting author at the time of article submission; co-authors and reviewers are strongly encouraged to also connect their ScholarOne accounts to ORCID. We strongly believe that the increased use and integration of ORCID iDs will be beneficial for the whole research community.\r\n\r\nPlease find more information about ORCID and BMJ’s policy on our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/orcid/\"\u003eAuthor Hub\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Author resources\u003ca id=\"author_resources\" name=\"author_resources\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eTips for publishing clinical cardiology research: \u003ca href=\"/cgi/content/full/heartjnl-2017-311806?ijkey=mgIdquQGc7Bt.\u0026amp;keytype=ref\u0026amp;siteid=bmjjournals\"\u003epaper\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://heartbmj.podbean.com/e/tips-for-publishing-your-research/\"\u003epodcast\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003ePresenting tables, graphs and statistics: \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXU14EQbU_V9JpmolAKsaCC0VjJzbxzAN\"\u003evideos\u003c/a\u003e and an article series:\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://heart.bmj.com/content/104/3/192.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eDesigning effective tables\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"http://ard.bmj.com/content/77/6/833\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eDesigning effective graphs\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"/cgi/content/full/102/5/349?ijkey=nUKVNiiKI3qSU\u0026amp;keytype=ref\u0026amp;siteid=bmjjournals\"\u003eComparing categorical and continuous variables\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"/content/early/2017/01/12/heartjnl-2015-308229.full?ijkey=YQjAhk4j5rikQ\u0026amp;keytype=ref\u0026amp;siteid=bmjjournals\"\u003eSurvival analysis\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"/content/103/1/19.full?ijkey=IJ2Hwu7eu8ta.\u0026amp;keytype=ref\u0026amp;siteid=bmjjournals\"\u003eData visualisation for meta-analysis\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"/content/early/2017/02/08/heartjnl-2016-310210.full?ijkey=Gs.tF5TqD82P.\u0026amp;keytype=ref\u0026amp;siteid=bmjjournals\"\u003eClinical prediction rules\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/research-ethics/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eEthical approval\u003c/a\u003e for studies involving human participants and animals\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Reviewer resources\u003ca id=\"reviewer_resources\" name=\"reviewer_resources\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e's Editor-in-Chief has written some guidelines for reviewers, aimed primarily at individuals that are new to reviewing manuscripts. If you would like to register your interest in becoming a reviewer for \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e, please contact the \u003ca href=\"mailto:info.heart@bmj.com\"\u003eEditorial Office\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/content/101/1/3.full\"\u003eHow to review a paper for \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/a\u003e (editorial)\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/12/reviewapaper.pdf\"\u003eHow to review a paper for \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/a\u003e (powerpoint slides)\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Tobacco funding policy\u003ca id=\"tobacco_funding_policy\" name=\"tobacco_funding_policy\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e will not consider for publication papers reporting work funded wholly or partly by the tobacco industry. This journal also excludes work where the authors have personal financial ties with the tobacco industry. This applies to all content types. \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/tobacco-policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://authors.bmj.com/policies/tobacco-policy/\u0026amp;source=gmail\u0026amp;ust=1721383862372000\u0026amp;usg=AOvVaw2o_TG6DX3x5LGry4OXoiYI\"\u003eRead more on BMJ’s policy on work funded by the tobacco industry on the BMJ Author Hub.\u003c/a\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Article processing charges\u003ca id=\"article_publishing_charges\" name=\"article_publishing_charges\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["During submission, authors can choose to have their article published open access for 3,410 GBP (exclusive of VAT for UK and EU authors). Publishing open access has multiple benefits including wider reach, faster impact and increased citation and usage. Authors can also choose to publish their article in colour for the print edition - instead of the default option of black and white - for 460 GBP (NB this charge does not apply to Image Challenge articles). There are no submission, page or online-only colour figure charges for any article types."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Waivers and Discounts\u003ca id=\"waivers_and_discounts\" name=\"waivers_and_discounts\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["If authors choose to publish their article open access, an APC waiver may be available. Before applying for an APC waiver please consider:\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(1) Does your institution have an open access agreement with BMJ? \u003c/strong\u003e If it does, then this may cover all or part of the APC for your article. \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/oa-agreements/\"\u003eCheck BMJ’s open access agreements page\u003c/a\u003e to find out whether your institution is a member and what discounts you may be entitled to.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(2) Have you received funding from a funder with an open access mandate or policy that covers paying APCs? \u003c/strong\u003e If so, BMJ expects that the APC will be paid in full.\r\n\r\nIf neither (1) nor (2) above apply then consider\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(3) Are all the authors of your article based in low-income countries*? \u003c/strong\u003e If so, you are eligible to apply for a full or partial waiver from BMJ.\r\nVisit our \u003ca href=\"//authors.bmj.com/open-access/fees-discounts/)\"\u003eauthor hub\u003c/a\u003e to learn more about our waivers policy and how to request one.\r\n\r\nPlease note that regardless of the funding situation, authors can still choose to publish with us at no cost, and articles will be made available to our subscribers.\r\n\r\n*This list is reviewed annually and is based upon HINARI Core Offer Groups A and B, and the World Bank Country and Lending Groups."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Rapid responses\u003ca id=\"rapid_responses\" name=\"rapid_responses\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["A rapid response is a moderated but not peer reviewed online response to a published article in \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e; it will not receive a DOI and will not be indexed. Find out more about responses and how to \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/rapid-responses\"\u003e\u003cu\u003esubmit a response.\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/a\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Submission guidelines\u003ca id=\"submission_guidelines\" name=\"submission_guidelines\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Please review the below article type specifications including the required article lengths, illustrations, table limits and reference counts. The word count excludes the title page, abstract, tables, acknowledgements, contributions and references. Manuscripts should be as succinct as possible.\r\n\r\nFor further support when making your submission please refer to the resources available on the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/\"\u003eBMJ Author Hub\u003c/a\u003e. Here you will find information on \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/\"\u003ewriting and formatting\u003c/a\u003e your research through to the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/\"\u003epeer review process\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/promote-your-paper/\"\u003epromoting your paper\u003c/a\u003e. You may also wish to use the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/language-editing-services/\"\u003elanguage editing and translation\u003c/a\u003e services provided by \u003ca href=\"https://authorservices.bmj.com/?utm_source=BMJ-hea\u0026amp;utm_medium=Referral\"\u003eBMJ Author Services\u003c/a\u003e.","\u003ca href=\"#original_research\"\u003eOriginal research\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#systematic_review\"\u003eSystematic review\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#review\"\u003eReview\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#short_report\"\u003eShort report\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#opinion\"\u003eOpinion\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#education\"\u003eEducation in Heart\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#editorial\"\u003eEditorial\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#image_challenge\"\u003eImage challenge\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#response\"\u003eResponse\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\u003ca href=\"#supplements\"\u003eSupplements\u003c/a\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Original research\u003ca id=\"original_research\" name=\"original_research\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Authors submitting papers reporting original research data (for example, clinical research, meta-analyses, translational science) should not exceed a limit of 3000 words, eight figures and/or tables, and 30 references (up to 50 references are permitted for a meta-analysis). Articles that significantly exceed this word limit may be returned for revision before peer review.\r\n\r\nResearch reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc) should be submitted as Systematic reviews.\r\n\r\nFollowing the lead of The BMJ and its \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/campaign/patient-partnership\"\u003epatient partnership strategy\u003c/a\u003e, \u003cem\u003eHeart\u003c/em\u003e is encouraging active patient involvement in setting the research agenda. As such, we require authors of original research articles to add a Patient and Public Involvement statement in the Methods section. Please see more details \u003ca href=\"https://heart.bmj.com/pages/authors/#PPI\"\u003eabove\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eTitle\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUse a short title that describes the key elements of your paper. Use a subtitle to indicate the study type only for a randomized clinical trial, meta-analysis, or systematic review. Other subtitles are discouraged. Abbreviations, acronyms, and brand or device names are not allowed in titles. Titles should be non-declamatory (ie, not state the findings of the paper)."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAuthors of original scientific papers must supply a structured abstract of no more than 300 words. If your paper reports the results of a trial, your abstract should conform to the CONSORT guidelines for abstracts. For all other papers, the following structure should be followed:\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eBackground - include the specific study aims or hypothesis\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eMethods – include study design, setting, patients, interventions and main outcome measures.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eResults - give numerical data rather than vague statements that drug x produced a better response than drug y. Favour confidence intervals over p values, and give the numerical data on which any p value is based. Include absolute as well as relative risk numerical data.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eConclusions - do not make any claims that are not supported by data in the paper.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eSection head\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nYou will be asked to choose the most relevant topic area for your article from the list of sections published in \u003ci\u003eHeart\u003c/i\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eKeywords\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nSupply up to 5 keywords from the list provided."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eResearch checklist\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAuthors are encouraged to use the relevant research reporting guidelines for the study type provided by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/\"\u003eEQUATOR Network\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nThe key reporting guidelines are:\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eRandomised controlled trials (RCTs): \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/consort-2010-statement-updated-guidelines-for-reporting-parallel-group-randomised-trials/\"\u003eCONSORT guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eSystematic reviews and meta-analyses: \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/preferred-reporting-items-for-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses-the-prisma-statement/\"\u003ePRISMA guidelines\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-a-proposal-for-reporting-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-moose-group/\"\u003eMOOSE guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eObservational studies: \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/the-strengthening-the-reporting-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-strobe-statement-guidelines-for-reporting-observational-studies/\"\u003eSTROBE guidelines\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-a-proposal-for-reporting-meta-analysis-of-observational-studies-in-epidemiology-moose-group/\"\u003eMOOSE guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eDiagnostic accuracy studies: \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/towards-complete-and-accurate-reporting-of-studies-of-diagnostic-accuracy-the-stard-initiative-standards-for-reporting-of-diagnostic-accuracy/\"\u003eSTARD guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eQuality improvement studies: \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/publication-guidelines-for-quality-improvement-in-health-care-evolution-of-the-squire-project/\"\u003eSQUIRE guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eMultivariate prediction models: \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/tripod-statement/\"\u003eTRIPOD guidelines\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\nCompleted research checklists should be uploaded during the submission process. If blank checklists are submitted, they will be returned to authors to complete with the required information. If there is no relevant checklist for your study type, please use the STROBE checklist and complete as much information as is relevant.\r\n\r\nPlease include the key messages of your article after your abstract using the following headings. This section should be no more than 3-5 sentences and should be distinct from the abstract; be succinct, specific and accurate.\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat is already known on this topic\u003c/strong\u003e – \u003cem\u003esummarise the state of scientific knowledge on this subject before you did your study and why this study needed to be done\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat this study adds\u003c/strong\u003e – \u003cem\u003esummarise what we now know as a result of this study that we did not know before\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow this study might affect research, practice or policy\u003c/strong\u003e – \u003cem\u003esummarise the implications of this study in context of all available evidence\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\nThis will be published as a summary box after the abstract in the final published article."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eIntroduction\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nBrief description of the background that led to the study (current results and conclusions should not be included). The study specific aims or hypothesis should be clearly stated."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eMethods\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nProvide details of the study population as detailed in the key reporting guidelines on the Research Checklist. In addition:\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eDescribe statistical methods with enough detail to enable the reader to judge its appropriateness for the study and to verify the reported results.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eWhen possible, quantify findings and present them with appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals). Avoid relying solely on statistical hypothesis testing, such as P values.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eDistinguish prespecified from exploratory analyses, including subgroup analyses.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUndue repetition in text and tables should be avoided. Comment on validity and significance of results is appropriate but broader discussion of their implication is restricted to the next section. Subheadings that aid clarity of presentation within this and the previous section are encouraged."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eTables\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eUse tables to summarise data when possible, rather than text.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eEnsure that the data are easy to read and understand, and kept in context.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eUse categories and sub-categories effectively to highlight patterns in the data.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eKeep table titles, labels and footnotes brief.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eTables may be no longer than 2 pages in length.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eFigures\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eUse graphical displays of quantitative data if this is the best way to present the information.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eEnsure that the message is easy to visualise and understand, and kept in context.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAvoid graphical forms that distort the data or are prone to misinterpretation.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eChoose your graph type carefully for best visual clarity, and avoid chart ‘art’.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eEnsure data symbols and lines can be easily distinguished i.e. more prominent than axis lines, use solid greyscale or colour lines rather than pixellated/dashed lines.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAvoid bar or column graphs; instead use boxplots or other graphical displays to show the data distribution, as well as mean values. Use solid greyscale or colour fills rather than patterned fills.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAvoid non-essential grids, background shading, or explanatory text inside the graph. Avoid legends in the graph itself; instead put labels next to the data line or include this information in the text figure legend.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eKeep axis titles and labels brief. Use clear labels for units of measure on each axis.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAim to fill the frame to avoid large areas of white space.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eOn life-table graphs, include the number of subjects at risk in each group at several time points along the x-axis.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\nPlease ensure that any text included in figures is written in British English; if not, you may be requested to amend these at proof stage.\r\n\r\nIt is recommended at you include one figure that is a visual summary of the key points from your paper, as this will assist with promoting your published article via social media.\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli style=\"list-style-type: none;\"\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eDiscussion\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThe nature and findings of the study are placed in context of other relevant published data. Caveats to the study should be discussed. Avoid undue extrapolation from the study topic. Ensure wording is appropriate to the study type. A cause-effect relationship can be inferred only from randomized controlled clinical trials. Studies showing an association should avoid wording that implies causality."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eReferences\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUp to 30 references are permitted in the main manuscript (or up to 50 references for a meta-analysis). All of these references must be cited in the main text. Additional references that relate only to any supplemental material should be cited in the supplemental material."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eSupplemental material\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAdditional information such as figures, tables, raw data and methodology statements, may be submitted and published alongside your manuscript as ‘supplemental material’. This will be published only, in the format supplied by the author. Further information is provided on the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eAuthor Hub\u003c/a\u003e. Additional references that relate only to any supplemental material should be cited in the supplemental material."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments and affiliations\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nIndividuals with direct involvement in the study but not included in authorship may be acknowledged. The source of financial support and industry affiliations of all those involved must be stated."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eMeasurements and abbreviations\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nRestrict the use of abbreviations (apart from conventional units of measurement) to two or three per paper. Spell out each abbreviation at first mention in the abstract and paper.\r\n\r\nAll acronyms of trials referred to in a paper should be listed alphabetically and explained in a separate glossary. Measurements must be given in SI units. Blood pressure should be given in mm Hg."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Systematic review\u003ca id=\"systematic_review\" name=\"systematic_review\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["This article type includes all research reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc). Please include the research type in your title to make the nature of your study clear. Authors of systematic reviews should follow the \u003ca href=\"http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/preferred-reporting-items-for-systematic-reviews-and-meta-analyses-the-prisma-statement/\"\u003ePRISMA guidelines\u003c/a\u003e and upload their completed research checklist when submitting their manuscript.\r\n\r\nPlease see Original research for more guidance on article requirements. Please note that key messages are not required for this article type."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Review\u003ca id=\"review\" name=\"review\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Reviews are balanced accounts of all aspects of a particular subject including the pros and cons of any contentious or uncertain aspect. Research reviews that systematically synthesise evidence (e.g. Systematic reviews, Meta-analysis, Scoping reviews, Mixed methods reviews, etc) are classified by the journal as Systematic reviews and must be submitted as such. Although these are usually commissioned, authors are invited to discuss possible topics directly with the Editor-in-Chief.","\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 3000 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 300 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eTables/illustrations:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 8\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 50"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Short report\u003ca id=\"short_report\" name=\"short_report\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Short reports are condensed reports of original studies. Supplementary material should only be included for absolutely essential description of methods (with no additional results or discussion).","\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 1500 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract:\u003c/strong\u003e 250 words (structured)\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eTables/illustrations:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 3\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 15"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Opinion\u003ca id=\"opinion\" name=\"opinion\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eShort opinion piece by experts on topics relating to cardiovascular research, clinical medicine, public health or policy. There should be no more than 3 authors and supplementary material should not be included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 1200 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eTables/illustrations:\u003c/strong\u003e 1\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 5"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"\u003ca id=\"education\" name=\"education\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eEducation in Heart","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Education in Heart provides a structured comprehensive curriculum aligned with educational goals and objectives. All articles are commissioned."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Editorial\u003ca id=\"editorial\" name=\"editorial\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["These are commissioned only articles. Original papers should not be submitted under this category.","\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 1200 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eTables/illustrations:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 2\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 8"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Image challenge\u003ca id=\"image_challenge\" name=\"image_challenge\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["This section is for images that make an educational point. Since the aim of these articles is to stimulate the reader to think about the case, the title should be ambiguous and not give away the final diagnosis immediately, e.g. \"Atypical chest pain in a young woman\".\r\n\r\nEach image challenge will be presented in two parts. The first part should contain a very brief clinical introduction to a case (maximum 200 words), followed by an image (ideally in colour) and a board-review format multiple choice question designed to stimulate the reader to think about what the image shows. In addition to cardiovascular imaging, other images, such as an ECG or histology, are appropriate. The legend should not indicate the diagnosis but should simply describe the nature of the image e.g. “3D echocardiographic image of the mitral valve”. The image should be cited in the text. The second part (maximum 200 words) will appear separately from the case and should contain the answer. The answer should include a brief description of the key diagnostic features of the image, the outcome, and a teaching point. The answer should explain why the correct answer is correct and why the incorrect answers are not.\r\n\r\nWhen submitting your manuscript, the 'introduction' (including the question) and the 'explanation' (including the answer) should be uploaded as two separate text documents, both with the file designation 'Main document'.","The quality of the image must be at least 300dpi and in .tif, .jpeg, .gif or .eps format. Multi-panel figures are acceptable. There are no charges for colour figures in print for Image Challenge articles. Videos for online presentation are also welcomed and should be in .mov, .avi, or .mpeg format.\r\n\r\nImage Challenge articles must adhere to \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/patient-consent-and-confidentiality/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eBMJ's patient consent policy\u003c/a\u003e. All identifying information must be removed from the images, and the text also cannot contain any identifying information, including a specific age. Instead state 'A woman in her 40s', for example. If the article cannot be sufficiently anonymised, patient consent will be required.\r\n\r\n\u003ca href=\"https://heart.bmj.com/content/early/2021/08/16/heartjnl-2021-319175\"\u003eFurther information on how to write an image challenge multiple choice question.\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of authors:\u003c/strong\u003e 3 maximum\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 400 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 5"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Response\u003ca id=\"response\" name=\"response\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Responses to articles published in Heart are welcomed and should be submitted online via the journal’s website. Contributors should go to the abstract or full text of the article in question and click on the ‘Responses’ tab. Contributors will be asked to agree to our response \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/journals-terms-and-conditions-for-rapid-responses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eterms and conditions\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nResponses relating to previously published items in the journal will be reviewed by the editor. They may be sent to the authors of the original article, who will be invited to reply. Responses are moderated but not peer reviewed; they do not receive a DOI and are not indexed.\r\n\r\nOccasionally Heart publishes selected responses in journal issues, together with the author’s response where applicable. If a response is selected for publication in an issue, the contributor will be notified and asked to upload this to the journal’s submission system as Correspondence. Correspondence articles will receive a DOI and be indexed.\r\n\r\nThe title of your submission should follow this format: ‘Correspondence on “Article title” by “Author(s)”‘.","\u003cstrong\u003eWord count:\u003c/strong\u003e up to 600 words\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eAbstract:\u003c/strong\u003e not required\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eTables/illustrations:\u003c/strong\u003e none\r\n\u003cstrong\u003eReferences:\u003c/strong\u003e maximum 10"],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Supplements\u003ca id=\"supplements\" name=\"supplements\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["The BMJ Publishing Group journals are willing to consider publishing supplements to regular issues. Supplement proposals may be made at the request of:\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eThe journal editor, an editorial board member or a learned society may wish to organise a meeting, sponsorship may be sought and the proceedings published as a supplement.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eThe journal editor, editorial board member or learned society may wish to commission a supplement on a particular theme or topic. Again, sponsorship may be sought.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eThe BMJPG itself may have proposals for supplements where sponsorship may be necessary.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eA sponsoring organisation, often a pharmaceutical company or a charitable foundation, that wishes to arrange a meeting, the proceedings of which will be published as a supplement.\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\nIn all cases, it is vital that the journal's integrity, independence and academic reputation is not compromised in any way.","For further information on criteria that must be fulfilled, download the \u003ca href=\"/heart/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Supplement_Guidelines-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003esupplements guidelines\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nWhen contacting us regarding a potential supplement, please include as much of the information below as possible.\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eJournal in which you would like the supplement published\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eTitle of supplement and/or meeting on which it is based\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eDate of meeting on which it is based\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eProposed table of contents with provisional article titles and proposed authors\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAn indication of whether authors have agreed to participate\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eSponsor information including any relevant deadlines\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003eAn indication of the expected length of each paper Guest Editor proposals if appropriate\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"}]}],"seoMetadata":[{"key":"title","property":"title","content":"Authors | Heart"},{"key":"robots","property":"robots","content":"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"},{"key":"canonical","property":"canonical","content":"https://heart.bmj.com/pages/authors"},{"key":"og_locale","property":"og:locale","content":"en_GB"},{"key":"og_type","property":"og:type","content":"article"},{"key":"og_title","property":"og:title","content":"Authors | Heart"},{"key":"og_description","property":"og:description","content":"Editorial policies and instructions for authors looking to publish their work in Heart."},{"key":"description","name":"description","content":"Editorial policies and instructions for authors looking to publish their work in Heart."},{"key":"og_url","property":"og:url","content":"https://heart.bmj.com/pages/authors"},{"key":"og_site_name","property":"og:site_name","content":"Heart"},{"key":"og_image","property":"og:image","content":"https://heart.bmj.com/heart/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/BMJ_logo_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"og_image_width","property":"og:image:width","content":298},{"key":"og_image_height","property":"og:image:height","content":298},{"key":"twitter_image","property":"twitter:image","content":"https://heart.bmj.com/heart/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/BMJ_logo_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"article_modified_time","property":"article:modified_time","content":"2024-10-01T10:50:57+00:00"},{"key":"twitter_card","property":"twitter:card","content":"summary_large_image"}],"title":"Authors","breadcrumbsBarData":{"breadcrumbs":[{"pageName":"Home","url":"/"},{"pageName":"Authors"}],"emailAlertsLink":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts\u0026corpusCode=heartjnl\u0026fwdUrl=https://heart.bmj.com/"},"adSlots":null,"gtmContainerCode":"GTM-TGC34S","adsLazyLoad":true,"pageBuildInfo":null,"isPreview":false,"baiduCode":"","associationLogos":[{"title":"BCS","link":"https://www.britishcardiovascularsociety.org/","src":"https://heart.bmj.com/heart/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/society-logo-bcs-1.png","alt":"BCS society logo","width":209,"height":90}]},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/pages/authors","query":{},"buildId":"LZ0nwuehdtOGZ8Y6j2lJt","isFallback":false,"gsp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>