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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Electoral system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_of_local_authorities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_of_local_authorities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Distribution of local authorities</span> </div> </a> <ul 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data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="இலங்கையின் உள்ளூராட்சி சபைகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலங்கையின் உள்ளூராட்சி சபைகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="斯里兰卡地方政府 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="斯里兰卡地方政府" data-language-autonym="中文" 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.mw-collapsible-text{color:#FFFFFF}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks SL-politics-sidebar vcard hlist notheme"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-base, #101112)">This article is part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Politics of Sri Lanka"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;"><small>Politics of</small> <br /> Sri Lanka</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="851" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Constitution of Sri Lanka">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka#Amendments_to_date" title="Constitution of Sri Lanka">Amendments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Law of Sri Lanka">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Human rights in Sri Lanka">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Taxation in Sri Lanka">Taxation</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Previous Constitutions: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donoughmore_Constitution" title="Donoughmore Constitution">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soulbury_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Soulbury Constitution">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Constitution_of_1972" title="Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972">1972</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Government of Sri Lanka">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">President of Sri Lanka</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of presidents of Sri Lanka">10th</a>)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></li></ul> <hr /> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Prime Minister of Sri Lanka">Prime Minister of Sri Lanka</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of prime ministers of Sri Lanka">16th</a>)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harini_Amarasuriya" title="Harini Amarasuriya">Harini Amarasuriya</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sri_Lankan_cabinets" title="List of Sri Lankan cabinets">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Ministers of Sri Lanka">Cabinet Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministers_of_the_Sri_Lanka_Government" title="Ministers of the Sri Lanka Government">Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministries_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministries of Sri Lanka">Ministries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Sri_Lanka)" title="National Security Council (Sri Lanka)">National Security Council</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Secretariat_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Presidential Secretariat (Sri Lanka)">Secretary to the President</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Nandika Sanath Kumanayake</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Office_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Prime Minister's Office (Sri Lanka)">Secretary to the Prime Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>G. P. Saputhanthri</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Office_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Cabinet Office (Sri Lanka)">Secretary to the Cabinet</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>W. M. D. J. Fernando</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of parliaments of Sri Lanka">Parliament of Sri Lanka</a> <a href="/wiki/17th_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="17th Parliament of Sri Lanka">(17th)</a></div></dt></dl> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg/75px-Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg/113px-Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg/150px-Sri_Lanka_Parliament_2024.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka">Speaker</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashoka_Ranwala" title="Ashoka Ranwala">Ashoka Ranwala</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Deputy_speaker_and_chairman_of_committees_of_the_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy speaker and chairman of committees of the Parliament of Sri Lanka">Deputy Speaker and <br /> Chairman of Committees</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rizvie_Salih" title="Rizvie Salih">Rizvie Salih</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chairman_of_Committees" title="Deputy Chairman of Committees">Deputy Chairperson of Committees</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemali_Weerasekara" title="Hemali Weerasekara">Hemali Weerasekara</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Sri Lanka)">Leader of the Opposition</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sajith_Premadasa" title="Sajith Premadasa">Sajith Premadasa</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Leader of the House (Sri Lanka)">Leader of the House</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bimal_Rathnayake" title="Bimal Rathnayake">Bimal Rathnayake</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Government_Whip_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Chief Government Whip (Sri Lanka)">Chief Government Whip</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nalinda_Jayatissa" title="Nalinda Jayatissa">Nalinda Jayatissa</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Opposition_Whip_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Chief Opposition Whip (Sri Lanka)">Chief Opposition Whip</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TBA" class="mw-redirect" title="TBA">TBA</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Secretary General</b></li></ul> <ul><li>Kushani Anusha Rohanadeera</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Council_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Constitutional Council (Sri Lanka)">Constitutional Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_Public_Enterprises_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Committee on Public Enterprises (Sri Lanka)">COPE</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Parliamentary_Affairs_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (Sri Lanka)">Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Parliamentary_Affairs_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (Sri Lanka)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Wijepala" title="Ananda Wijepala">Ananda Wijepala</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Permanent_secretary#Sri_Lanka" title="Permanent secretary">Secretary to the Ministry</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>D. W. R. B. Seneviratne</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Judiciary of Sri Lanka">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Supreme Court of Sri Lanka">Supreme Court of Sri Lanka</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Chief Justice of Sri Lanka">Chief Justice</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Murdhu_Fernando" class="mw-redirect" title="Murdhu Fernando">Murdhu Fernando</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sri_Lanka#Current_justices" title="Supreme Court of Sri Lanka">Puisne Justices</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padman_Surasena" title="Padman Surasena">P. Padman Surasena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Thurairaja" title="S. Thurairaja">S. Thurairaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamini_Amarasekera" title="Gamini Amarasekera">Gamini Amarasekera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasantha_Kodagoda" title="Yasantha Kodagoda">Yasantha Kodagoda</a></li> <li>A. H. M. D.Nawaz</li> <li>Kumuduni Wickremasinghe</li> <li>A. L. Shiran Gooneratne</li> <li>Janak De Silva</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achala_Wengappuli" title="Achala Wengappuli">Achala Wengappuli</a></li> <li>Mahinda Samayawardhena</li> <li>Arjuna Obeyesekere</li> <li>K. Priyantha Fernando</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka">Court of Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Sri_Lanka" title="High Court of Sri Lanka">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_court_(Sri_Lanka)" title="District court (Sri Lanka)">District Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magistrate%27s_court_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Magistrate's court (Sri Lanka)">Magistrate's Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_court" title="Primary court">Primary Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Tribunal" title="Labour Tribunal">Labour Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Service_Commission_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Judicial Service Commission (Sri Lanka)">Judicial Service Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Association_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Bar Association of Sri Lanka">Bar Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Law enforcement in Sri Lanka">Law enforcement</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General%27s_Department_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Attorney General's Department (Sri Lanka)">Attorney General's Department</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Attorney General of Sri Lanka">Attorney General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Parinda Ranasinghe</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Solicitor General of Sri Lanka">Solicitor General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Viraj Dayaratne</li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice,_Prisons_Affairs_and_Constitutional_Reforms" title="Ministry of Justice, Prisons Affairs and Constitutional Reforms">Ministry of Justice</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Minister of Justice (Sri Lanka)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harshana_Nanayakkara" title="Harshana Nanayakkara">Harshana Nanayakkara</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Permanent_secretary#Sri_Lanka" title="Permanent secretary">Secretary to the Ministry</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Ayesha Jinasena</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Elections in Sri Lanka">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Election Commission of Sri Lanka">Election Commission</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Sri_Lanka#Chairman_of_the_Election_Commission" title="Election Commission of Sri Lanka">Chairman</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>R. M. A. L. Rathnayake</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Members</b></li></ul> <ul><li>M. A. P. C. Perera</li> <li>Ameer Faaiz</li> <li>Anusuya Shanmuganathan</li> <li>Lakshman Dissanayake</li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sri_Lankan_elections" title="Template:Sri Lankan elections">Elections</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_elections_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="List of presidential elections in Sri Lanka">Presidential</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2015 Sri Lankan presidential election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2019 Sri Lankan presidential election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_presidential_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan presidential election">2024</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliamentary_elections_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of parliamentary elections in Sri Lanka">Parliamentary</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2015 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_election" title="2024 Sri Lankan parliamentary election">2024</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Provincial_governments_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Provincial governments of Sri Lanka">Provincial council</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="2013 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2014_Sri_Lankan_provincial_council_elections" title="March 2014 Sri Lankan provincial council elections">2014 (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Uva_Provincial_Council_election" title="2014 Uva Provincial Council election">2014 (Sep)</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Local government</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sri_Lankan_local_elections" title="2018 Sri Lankan local elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Elpitiya_Pradeshiya_Sabha_election" title="2019 Elpitiya Pradeshiya Sabha election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Elpitiya_Pradeshiya_Sabha_election" title="2024 Elpitiya Pradeshiya Sabha election">2024</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">Referendum</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1982_Sri_Lankan_parliamentary_term_extension_referendum" title="1982 Sri Lankan parliamentary term extension referendum">1982</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Electoral districts of Sri Lanka">Electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Polling_divisions_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of Polling divisions of Sri Lanka">Polling divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of political parties in Sri Lanka">Political parties</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Administrative divisions of Sri Lanka">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Provinces of Sri Lanka">Provinces</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Central Province, Sri Lanka">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Eastern Province, Sri Lanka">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Central Province, Sri Lanka">North Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Western Province, Sri Lanka">North Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaragamuwa_Province" title="Sabaragamuwa Province">Sabaragamuwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Southern Province, Sri Lanka">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uva_Province" title="Uva Province">Uva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Western Province, Sri Lanka">Western</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Districts of Sri Lanka">Districts</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ampara_District" title="Ampara District">Ampara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuradhapura_District" title="Anuradhapura District">Anuradhapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badulla_District" title="Badulla District">Badulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batticaloa_District" title="Batticaloa District">Batticaloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombo_District" title="Colombo District">Colombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galle_District" title="Galle District">Galle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gampaha_District" title="Gampaha District">Gampaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hambantota_District" title="Hambantota District">Hambantota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffna_District" title="Jaffna District">Jaffna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalutara_District" title="Kalutara District">Kalutara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandy_District" title="Kandy District">Kandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kegalle_District" title="Kegalle District">Kegalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilinochchi_District" title="Kilinochchi District">Kilinochchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurunegala_District" title="Kurunegala District">Kurunegala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannar_District" title="Mannar District">Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matale_District" title="Matale District">Matale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matara_District" title="Matara District">Matara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaragala_District" title="Monaragala District">Monaragala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullaitivu_District" title="Mullaitivu District">Mullaitivu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuwara_Eliya" title="Nuwara Eliya">Nuwara Eliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonnaruwa_District" title="Polonnaruwa District">Polonnaruwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puttalam_District" title="Puttalam District">Puttalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratnapura_District" title="Ratnapura District">Ratnapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trincomalee_District" title="Trincomalee District">Trincomalee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vavuniya_District" title="Vavuniya District">Vavuniya</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_Agent_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Government Agent (Sri Lanka)">District Secretariats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisional_Secretariats_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisional Secretariats of Sri Lanka">Divisional Secretariats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grama_Niladhari" title="Grama Niladhari">Grama Niladhari divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of cities in Sri Lanka">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of towns in Sri Lanka">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Capital of Sri Lanka">Capital city</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">Devolution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka">13th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Sri_Lanka_Accord" title="Indo-Sri Lanka Accord">Indo-Sri Lanka Accord</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_governments_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Provincial governments of Sri Lanka">Provincial Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Governor (Sri Lanka)">Provincial Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_minister_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Chief minister (Sri Lanka)">Provincial Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Provincial_Council" title="Member of Provincial Council">Provincial Councillors</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Local government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Municipal councils of Sri Lanka">Municipal Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Urban councils of Sri Lanka">Urban Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradeshiya_Sabha" title="Pradeshiya Sabha">Pradeshiya Sabhas</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Administration,_Home_Affairs,_Provincial_Councils_and_Local_Government" title="Ministry of Public Administration, Home Affairs, Provincial Councils and Local Government">Ministry of Provincial Councils <br /> and Local Government</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Administration,_Home_Affairs,_Provincial_Councils_and_Local_Government#Ministers" title="Ministry of Public Administration, Home Affairs, Provincial Councils and Local Government">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandana_Abayarathna" title="Chandana Abayarathna">Chandana Abayarathna</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Permanent_secretary#Sri_Lanka" title="Permanent secretary">Secretary to the Ministry</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>S. Aloka Bandara</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Central Bank of Sri Lanka">Central Bank</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Central_Bank_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Governor of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka">Governor</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nandalal_Weerasinghe" title="Nandalal Weerasinghe">Nandalal Weerasinghe</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Senior Deputy Governor</b></li></ul> <ul><li>K. M. A. N. Daulagala</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_rupee" title="Sri Lankan rupee">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Sri_Lankan_rupee" title="Banknotes of the Sri Lankan rupee">Banknotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Economy</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance,_Economic_Stabilization_and_National_Policies" title="Ministry of Finance, Economic Stabilization and National Policies">Ministry of Finance</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Minister of Finance (Sri Lanka)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anura_Kumara_Dissanayake" title="Anura Kumara Dissanayake">Anura Kumara Dissanayake</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Permanent_secretary#Sri_Lanka" title="Permanent secretary">Secretary to the Ministry</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>K. M. Mahinda Siriwardana</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Foreign relations of Sri Lanka">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:gold; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vijitha_Herath" title="Vijitha Herath">Vijitha Herath</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Permanent_secretary#Sri_Lanka" title="Permanent secretary">Secretary to the Ministry</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Aruni Ranaraja</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of diplomatic missions of Sri Lanka">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of diplomatic missions in Sri Lanka">in Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_missions_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of heads of missions of Sri Lanka">Heads of missions of Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_passport" title="Sri Lankan passport">Passports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Sri_Lankan_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Sri Lankan citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Visa policy of Sri Lanka">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sri_Lanka_topics" title="Template:Sri Lanka topics">Related topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sri_Lanka" title="History of Sri Lanka">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Flag of Sri Lanka">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Emblem of Sri Lanka">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Matha" title="Sri Lanka Matha">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Armed_Forces" title="Sri Lanka Armed Forces">Military</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sri_Lanka" title="Portal:Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka portal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Template:Politics of Sri Lanka"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Template talk:Politics of Sri Lanka"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Sri Lanka"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">Local government</a></b> is the third and lowest level of government in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> – after the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Cabinet of Sri Lanka">central government</a> and <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sri_Lanka#Provincial_Councils" title="Provinces of Sri Lanka">provincial councils</a>. The local government bodies are collectively known as local authorities. They are responsible for providing a variety of local public services including roads, sanitation, drains, housing, libraries, public parks and recreational facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-CLGF_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CLGF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are no <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">mayors</a> in Sri Lanka and a “ <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of cities in Sri Lanka">city</a> ” is not a legal division in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Constitution of Sri Lanka">constitution of Sri Lanka</a>. </p><p>Sri Lankan local authorities<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are divided into 3 different groups: </p> <ul><li>25 <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Districts of Sri Lanka">Districts</a> administered under a <a href="/wiki/Government_Agent_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Government Agent (Sri Lanka)">District secretary / Government Agent (GA)</a></li> <li>Districts are divided into 331 <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Divisional_Secretariats_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisional Secretariats of Sri Lanka">Divisional secretariats (DS)</a> administered by a <a href="/wiki/Divisional_secretariats_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Divisional secretariats of Sri Lanka">Divisional secretary (DS)</a></li> <li>Divisional secretariats (DS divisions) are subdivided into 14,022 <a href="/wiki/Grama_Niladhari" title="Grama Niladhari">Grama Niladhari Divisions (GN)</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> served by a <a href="/wiki/Grama_Niladhari" title="Grama Niladhari">Grama Niladharis (GN) / village officers</a>.</li></ul> <p>And some areas have special administrations : </p> <ul><li>24 <a href="/wiki/Municipal_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Municipal councils of Sri Lanka">Municipal councils</a> that preside over the largest “ <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of cities in Sri Lanka">cities</a> ”<sup id="cite_ref-Local_Authorities_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Local_Authorities-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>41 <a href="/wiki/Urban_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Urban councils of Sri Lanka">Urban councils</a>.</li></ul> <p>As of November 2017, there were 341 local authorities (24 municipal councils, 41 urban councils and 276 divisional councils). All local authorities are elected using the <a href="/wiki/Mixed_electoral_system" title="Mixed electoral system">mixed electoral system</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sri Lanka has a long history of local government.<sup id="cite_ref-LG_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/Mahavamsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahavamsa">Mahavamsa</a> the earliest <a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese</a> settlements, dating to the 4th century BC, were village based. These villages were used by the Sinhalese kings as a unit of administration. Each village was independently administered. Village Councils (Gam Sabhas) administered local affairs, addressed people's grievances and settled minor disputes. The village-based administration continued for centuries in one form or the other. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_rule">Colonial rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1818 the Village Councils were abolished by the British rulers of <a href="/wiki/British_Ceylon" title="British Ceylon">Ceylon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LG_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Colebrooke-Cameron_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Colebrooke-Cameron Commission">Colebrooke-Cameron Commission</a> of 1833 recommended that some form of village committee system should be introduced. The <i>Paddy Lands and Irrigation Ordinance No. 9 of 1856</i> re-introduced the Village Councils to oversee agriculture and irrigation.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Village Councils were chaired by the British-appointed <a href="/wiki/Government_Agent_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Government Agent (Sri Lanka)">Government Agent</a> or Assistant Government Agent who in turn appointed the other members of the Village Councils. </p><p>The local government saw a number of developments in the late 19th century. The <i>Road Committees Act No 10 of 1861</i> created Provincial Road Committees and District Road Committees to administer the country's public roads.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committees consisted of government officials, appointed members and elected members. The Road Committees functioned between 1861 and 1951 when their functions were transferred to the Public Works Department. </p><p>The <i>Municipal Council Ordinance No. 17 of 1865</i> transferred responsibility for some local administration to local residents.<sup id="cite_ref-LG_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TI260106_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TI260106-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Municipal Councils consisted of elected and appointed members. Under the ordinance Municipal Councils were created for <a href="/wiki/Colombo_Municipal_Council" title="Colombo Municipal Council">Colombo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Council">Kandy</a>. Reforms enacted in 1931 resulted in all members of Municipal Councils being elected. </p><p>The <i>Village Communities Ordinance No. 26 of 1871</i> introduced Village Committees for local administration and Rural Courts for judicial administration.<sup id="cite_ref-LG_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ordinance allowed the <a href="/wiki/British_governors_of_Ceylon" class="mw-redirect" title="British governors of Ceylon">Governor</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Ceylon" title="Legislative Council of Ceylon">Legislative Council</a> to create a Village Committee at the request of local residents. The Government Agent chaired the Village Committee and other members were appointed. The Village Committees were similar to the Village Councils. Village Committees worked well and in 1938 reforms were carried out allowing for members to be elected, the chairman being elected by other members, the creation of wards and the exclusion of local chiefs from being members. Village Committees could now collect land tax and provide local services such as roads, water supply, common amenities and public health. </p><p>The <i>Sanitary Boards Ordinance No. 18 of 1892</i> created bodies to provide a number of public health services such as electricity, drainage, public conveniences, markets, dairies, laundries and water supply in small towns.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sanitary Boards consisted of officials appointed by the Governor. The <i>Local Boards Ordinance No. 13 of 1898</i> created Local Health and Sanitation Boards for larger towns. Their composition and powers were similar to the Sanitary Boards. The Local Health and Sanitation Boards started functioning on 1 September 1899. </p><p>The <i>Local Government Ordinance No. 11 of 1920</i> created three types of local authorities: Urban District Councils (UDC), Rural District Councils and General Councils.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previous local authorities had been mostly appointed but these new authorities were elected. Two UDCs were created in 1922 and a further six in 1923. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Donoughmore_Commission" title="Donoughmore Commission">Donoughmore Commission</a> made a number of recommendations in relation to local government including that all members of local authorities be elected, the establishment of new authorities, reorganisation of existing authorities and the creation of the Department of Local Government. The <i>Urban Councils Ordinance No. 61 of 1939</i> created Urban Councils in the largest towns in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 27 Urban Councils created. The <i>Town Councils Ordinance No. 3 of 1946</i> created Town Councils for small towns. 24 Town Councils were created by abolishing all the Sanitary Boards and Local Health and Sanitation Boards that existed at that time. The Town Councils were divided into wards and provided local services such as thoroughfares, public health, common amenities, physical planning and the collection of revenue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_independence">Post independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Post independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Ceylon achieved independence in 1948 local authorities consisted of Municipal Councils (3), Urban Councils, Town Councils and Village Committees. The <i>Local Authorities Enlargement of Powers Act No. 8 of 1952</i> transferred some powers from Central Government to local authorities and granted new powers to Urban Councils.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the thirty years after independence, local authorities received more and more powers. There were 40 amendments to the <i>Municipal Councils Ordinance</i>, 44 amendments to the <i>Urban Councils Ordinance</i>, 23 Amendments to the <i>Town Councils Ordinance</i> and 49 amendments to the <i>Village Committees Ordinance</i>. </p><p>The 1979 Tennakoon Commission recommended that District Development Councils (DDC) be established to carry out development functions currently carried out by the Central Government.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>District Councils Act No. 35 of 1980</i> was passed by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Parliament</a> and 24 DDCs created.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DDCs consisted of elected members and local Members of Parliament. District Ministers were also created. In addition, legislation was passed to abolish the Town Councils and Village Committees and to transfer their functions to the new DDCs. This last move was opposed by the Tennakoon Commission. The 24 DDCs started functioning on 1 July 1981. At the same time, 83 Town Councils and 549 Village Committees were abolished. </p><p>The DDCs didn't live up to expectations and a new form of local government was sought. The Wanasinghe Committee recommended that the DDC's be abolished and replaced by <i>Divisional Councils</i> (<i>Pradeshiya Sabha</i> or <i>Pradesha Sabhai</i>), sometimes called Rural Councils or Regional Councils. Parliament passed the <i>Pradeshiya Sabha Act No. 15 of 1987</i> on 15 April 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Divisional Councils were generally commensurate with their namesake <a href="/wiki/Divisional_Secretariats_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisional Secretariats of Sri Lanka">Divisional Secretariats</a> (Assistant Government Agent).<sup id="cite_ref-LG_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Local Authorities (Amendment) Act Nos. 20 and 24 of 1987</i> also changed the method of electing all local authority members from the <a href="/wiki/First_past_the_post" class="mw-redirect" title="First past the post">first past the post</a> using <a href="/wiki/Ward_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward (country subdivision)">wards</a> to <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> using <a href="/wiki/Open_list" title="Open list">open lists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TN060211_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TN060211-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 257 Divisional Councils started functioning on 1 January 1988. </p><p>The 13th Amendment to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Constitution of Sri Lanka">Constitution</a> transferred the control and supervision of local government from Central Government to the newly created <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sri_Lanka#Provincial_Councils" title="Provinces of Sri Lanka">Provincial Councils</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, powers relating to the form, structure and national policy on local government remained with the Central Government. This meant that only the Central Government could create new local authorities, promote them, dissolve them and call an election. </p><p>In 1995 a Divisional Council was created for <a href="/wiki/Biyagama" title="Biyagama">Biyagama</a> which had previously been governed by the Board of Investment of Sri Lanka.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997 Moratuwa and Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte Urban Councils were promoted to Municipal Councils.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 199 there were 309 local authorities (14 MC, 37 UC, 258 DC). All parts of Sri Lanka are governed by local authorities except the Free Trade Zones in <a href="/wiki/Katunayake" title="Katunayake">Katunayake</a> and Koggala which are governed by the Board of Investment of Sri Lanka. </p><p>In January 2011 there were a number of changes to local authorities, taking the total number to 335: two urban councils were promoted to municipal councils (Bandarawela, Hambantota), one divisional council was promoted to municipal council (Kaduwela), one divisional council was promoted to urban council (Eravur), two new municipal councils were created (Akkaraipattu, Dambulla) and two new divisional councils were created (Lunugala, Narammala).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Millaniya Divisional Council was created from parts of Bandaragama Divisional Council in October 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thamankaduwa Divisional Council was split into Polonnaruwa Municipal Council and Polonnaruwa Pradeshiya Sabha in December 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2017 Maskeliya Divisional Council and Norwood Divisional Council were created from parts of Ambagamuwa Divisional Council, and Agarapathana Divisional Council and Kotagala Divisional Council were created from parts of Nuwara Eliya Divisional Council.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of November 2017 there were 341 local authorities (24 municipal councils, 41 urban councils and 276 divisional councils).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 October 2012 Parliament passed the <i>Local Authorities (Special Provisions) Act, No. 21 of 2012</i> and <i>Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 22 of 2012</i>, changing the electoral system for electing local authority members from open list proportional representation to a <a href="/wiki/Mixed_electoral_system" title="Mixed electoral system">mixed electoral system</a> whereby 70% of members would be elected using first past the post voting and the remaining 30% through <a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed list</a> proportional representation.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2016 Parliament passed <i>Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 1 of 2016</i> requiring 25% of candidates at local elections to be female.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small parties and those representing ethnic parties complained that the new mixed electoral system put them at a disadvantage and as a result the government agreed to change the ratio between first past the post and proportional representation.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 August 2017 Parliament passed <i>Local Authorities Elections (Amendment) Act, No. 16 of 2017</i> which, amongst things, changed the ratio between first past the post and proportional representation from 70:30 to 60:40.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 2018 local elections, 29.1% of councillors were female, up from 1.9% in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-CLGF_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CLGF-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers">Powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local authorities don't derive their powers from an individual source but from numerous Acts and Ordinances.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF2_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main Acts relating to local government are the <i>Municipal Council Ordinance No. 29 of 1947</i>, the <i>Urban Councils Ordinance No. 61 of 1939</i> and the <i>Pradeshiya Sabha Act No. 15 of 1987</i>. As a consequence, the three different types of local authorities have slightly different powers. Municipal Councils have more powers than Urban Councils and Divisional Councils. </p><p>Local authorities have the power to instigate legal action, enter into contracts, acquire land and employ staff.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF2_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, these powers are somewhat curtailed by the fact that they are subordinate to the Central Government and Provincial Councils and by the fact that other state institutions (such as the <a href="/wiki/District_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="District Secretary">District Secretary</a>) enjoy similar powers as the local authority. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local authorities are required to "provide for the comfort, convenience and well being of the community".<sup id="cite_ref-LGF2_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Laws require local authorities to carry out regulatory and administrative functions, promote public health and provide physical structures. Local authorities can only provide services that the law specifically allows them to do.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF2_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Services provided by local authorities include roads, drains, parks, libraries, housing, waste collection, public conveniences, markets and recreational facilities. </p><p>Sri Lanka's local authorities do not run schools, hospitals or the police. <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Education in Sri Lanka">State schools</a>, <a href="/wiki/Health_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Health in Sri Lanka">hospitals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lanka Police Service">police service</a> are run by the Central Government or Provincial Councils. </p><p>Water, <a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Electricity_Board" title="Ceylon Electricity Board">electricity</a>, street lighting and rest houses used to be provided by local authorities but these services were taken over by various companies and departments under the control of the Central Government.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF2_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF2-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to 1987 local authorities were elected using the <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post voting</a> system with each member representing a <a href="/wiki/Ward_(electoral_subdivision)" title="Ward (electoral subdivision)">ward</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TI020111_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TI020111-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Local Authorities (Amendment) Act Nos. 20 and 24 of 1987</i> changed the method of electing all local authority members from first-past-the-post to <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a> using <a href="/wiki/Open_list" title="Open list">open lists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LGF1_8-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LGF1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TN060211_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TN060211-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012 the electoral system was changed to a <a href="/wiki/Mixed-member_proportional_representation" title="Mixed-member proportional representation">Mixed-member proportional representation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_of_local_authorities">Distribution of local authorities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Distribution of local authorities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Distribution of local authorities by province/district and council type in November 2017: </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" style="font-size:100%; text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Provinces of Sri Lanka">Province</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Districts of Sri Lanka">District</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Municipal_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Municipal councils of Sri Lanka">Municipal</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Urban_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Urban councils of Sri Lanka">Urban</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pradeshiya_Sabha" title="Pradeshiya Sabha">Divisional</a> </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Central Province, Sri Lanka">Central</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kandy_District" title="Kandy District">Kandy</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td>17</td> <td><b>22</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Central Province, Sri Lanka">Central</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Matale_District" title="Matale District">Matale</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>11</td> <td><b>13</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Central Province, Sri Lanka">Central</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nuwara_Eliya_District" title="Nuwara Eliya District">Nuwara Eliya</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>9</td> <td><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Eastern Province, Sri Lanka">Eastern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ampara_District" title="Ampara District">Ampara</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>1</td> <td>17</td> <td><b>20</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Eastern Province, Sri Lanka">Eastern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Batticaloa_District" title="Batticaloa District">Batticaloa</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>9</td> <td><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Eastern Province, Sri Lanka">Eastern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Trincomalee_District" title="Trincomalee District">Trincomalee</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>11</td> <td><b>13</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jaffna_District" title="Jaffna District">Jaffna</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>3</td> <td>13</td> <td><b>17</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kilinochchi_District" title="Kilinochchi District">Kilinochchi</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>3</td> <td><b>3</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mannar_District" title="Mannar District">Mannar</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mullaitivu_District" title="Mullaitivu District">Mullaitivu</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>4</td> <td><b>4</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Vavuniya_District" title="Vavuniya District">Vavuniya</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td><b>5</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Central Province, Sri Lanka">North Central</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Anuradhapura_District" title="Anuradhapura District">Anuradhapura</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>18</td> <td><b>19</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/North_Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Central Province, Sri Lanka">North Central</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Polonnaruwa_District" title="Polonnaruwa District">Polonnaruwa</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>0</td> <td>7</td> <td><b>8</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Western Province, Sri Lanka">North Western</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kurunegala_District" title="Kurunegala District">Kurunegala</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td>19</td> <td><b>21</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/North_Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="North Western Province, Sri Lanka">North Western</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Puttalam_District" title="Puttalam District">Puttalam</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>10</td> <td><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Sabaragamuwa_Province" title="Sabaragamuwa Province">Sabaragamuwa</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kegalle_District" title="Kegalle District">Kegalle</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>1</td> <td>11</td> <td><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Sabaragamuwa_Province" title="Sabaragamuwa Province">Sabaragamuwa</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ratnapura_District" title="Ratnapura District">Ratnapura</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>14</td> <td><b>17</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Southern Province, Sri Lanka">Southern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Galle_District" title="Galle District">Galle</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>2</td> <td>17</td> <td><b>20</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Southern Province, Sri Lanka">Southern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hambantota_District" title="Hambantota District">Hambantota</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td>10</td> <td><b>12</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Southern Province, Sri Lanka">Southern</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Matara_District" title="Matara District">Matara</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td>15</td> <td><b>17</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uva_Province" title="Uva Province">Uva</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Badulla_District" title="Badulla District">Badulla</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>1</td> <td>15</td> <td><b>18</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Uva_Province" title="Uva Province">Uva</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Monaragala_District" title="Monaragala District">Monaragala</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>10</td> <td><b>10</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Western Province, Sri Lanka">Western</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Colombo_District" title="Colombo District">Colombo</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>5</td> <td>3</td> <td><b>13</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Western Province, Sri Lanka">Western</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Gampaha_District" title="Gampaha District">Gampaha</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>5</td> <td>12</td> <td><b>19</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Western Province, Sri Lanka">Western</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kalutara_District" title="Kalutara District">Kalutara</a></td> <td>0</td> <td>4</td> <td>13</td> <td><b>17</b> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"> <td align="left" colspan="2">Total</td> <td>24</td> <td>41</td> <td>276</td> <td>341 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WNM1oHe3eTIC"><i>Commonwealth local government handbook 2004</i></a>. Commonwealth Secretariat. 2004. pp. 146–150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780954291792" title="Special:BookSources/9780954291792"><bdi>9780954291792</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commonwealth+local+government+handbook+2004&rft.pages=146-150&rft.pub=Commonwealth+Secretariat&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780954291792&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWNM1oHe3eTIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALocal+government+in+Sri+Lanka" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clgf.org.uk/default/assets/File/Country_profiles/Sri_Lanka.pdf"><i>The Local Government System in Sri Lanka</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London: Commonwealth Local Government Forum. 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Local+Government+System+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Commonwealth+Local+Government+Forum&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clgf.org.uk%2Fdefault%2Fassets%2FFile%2FCountry_profiles%2FSri_Lanka.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALocal+government+in+Sri+Lanka" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CLGF-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CLGF_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CLGF_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clgf.org.uk/default/assets/File/Country_profiles/Sri_Lanka.pdf">"Country profile: The local government system in Sri Lanka"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubad.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=19&layout=blog&Itemid=65&lang=en">the original</a> on 14 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grama+Niladhari+Administration+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pubad.gov.lk%2Fweb%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Dcategory%26id%3D19%26layout%3Dblog%26Itemid%3D65%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALocal+government+in+Sri+Lanka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110304064422/http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/vam/wfp173167.pdf">"Identification of DS Divisions of Sri Lanka Vulnerable for food insecurity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/World_Food_Programme" title="World Food Programme">World Food Programme</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Identification+of+DS+Divisions+of+Sri+Lanka+Vulnerable+for+food+insecurity&rft.pub=World+Food+Programme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocuments.wfp.org%2Fstellent%2Fgroups%2Fpublic%2Fdocuments%2Fvam%2Fwfp173167.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALocal+government+in+Sri+Lanka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110304064422/http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/vam/wfp173167.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20110304064422/http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/vam/wfp173167.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Local_Authorities-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Local_Authorities_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lgpc.gov.lk/eng/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Election-held-LAA.xls-.pdf">"Compilation of Local Authority"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ministry of Local Government & Provincial Councils<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.localgovernance.lk/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=2&Itemid=135&lang=en&pagetheme=home&Itemid=135">the original</a> on 2011-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Government_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Government of Sri Lanka">Governments</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> by political division</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_government_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial government in Sri Lanka">Provincial councils</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Local government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Municipal councils of Sri Lanka">Municipal councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_councils_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Urban councils of Sri Lanka">Urban councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pradeshiya_Sabha" title="Pradeshiya Sabha">Pradeshiya Sabhas</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka_navbox" title="Template:Politics of Sri Lanka navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka_navbox" title="Template talk:Politics of Sri Lanka navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Sri Lanka navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Politics of Sri Lanka">Politics of Sri Lanka</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Law of Sri Lanka">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Kandyan_Kingdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Kandyan Kingdom (page does not exist)">Kandyan Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donoughmore_Constitution" title="Donoughmore Constitution">Donoughmore Constitution</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soulbury_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Soulbury Constitution">Soulbury Constitution</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Constitution_of_1972" title="Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972">Republican Constitution</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1997_Draft_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1997 Draft Constitution of Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">1997 Draft Constitution</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Draft_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Draft Constitution of Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">2000 Draft Constitution</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Constitution of Sri Lanka">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proposed_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proposed Constitution of Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Proposed Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Acts_of_the_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Acts of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Acts of the Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandyan_law" title="Kandyan law">Kandyan law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thesavalamai" title="Thesavalamai">Thesavalamai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_law_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Muslim law in Sri Lanka">Muslim law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman-Dutch_law" title="Roman-Dutch law">Roman-Dutch law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_law" title="English law">English law</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Sri Lanka"><img alt="Flag of Sri Lanka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/50px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/75px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/100px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Sri Lanka</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_history_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Political history of Sri Lanka">Political history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandyan_independence_movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandyan independence movement (page does not exist)">Kandyan independence movement</a> (1470s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_of_the_Sixteenth_Century" title="Crisis of the Sixteenth Century">Crisis of the Sixteenth Century</a> (1505–1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wijayaba_Kollaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Wijayaba Kollaya">Wijayaba Kollaya</a> (1521)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese%E2%80%93Portuguese_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinhalese–Portuguese War">Sinhalese–Portuguese War</a> (1527–1658)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_conquest_of_the_Jaffna_kingdom" title="Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom">Portuguese conquest of Jaffna</a> (1560–1619)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fall_of_Kotte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fall of Kotte (page does not exist)">Fall of Kotte</a> (1597)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Ceylon_(1795)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Ceylon (1795)">British invasion of Ceylon</a> (1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandyan_Wars" title="Kandyan Wars">Kandyan Wars</a> (1796–1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Ceylon_Mission" title="American Ceylon Mission">American Ceylon Mission</a> (1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandyan_Convention" title="Kandyan Convention">Kandyan Convention</a> (1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_independence_movement" title="Sri Lankan independence movement">Sri Lankan independence movement</a> (1817–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Rebellion_of_1817%E2%80%9318" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Rebellion of 1817–18">Great Rebellion of 1817–18</a> (1817–1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colebrooke-Cameron_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Colebrooke-Cameron Commission">Colebrooke-Cameron Commission</a> (1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matale_rebellion" title="Matale rebellion">Matale rebellion</a> (1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_movement_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Temperance movement in Sri Lanka">Temperance movement</a> (1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Ceylonese_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1915 Ceylonese riots">1915 Ceylonese riots</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_National_Congress" title="Ceylon National Congress">Ceylon National Congress</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffna_Youth_Congress" title="Jaffna Youth Congress">Jaffna Youth Congress</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donoughmore_Commission" title="Donoughmore Commission">Donoughmore Commission</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriya-Mal_Movement" title="Suriya-Mal Movement">Suriya-Mal Movement</a> (1933–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bracegirdle_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Bracegirdle Incident">Bracegirdle Incident</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Islands_mutiny" title="Cocos Islands mutiny">Cocos Islands mutiny</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soulbury_Commission" title="Soulbury Commission">Soulbury Commission</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Independence Day (Sri Lanka)">Independence Day</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Citizenship_Act" title="Ceylon Citizenship Act">Ceylon Citizenship Act</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_state-sponsored_colonisation_schemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan state-sponsored colonisation schemes">State-sponsored colonisation schemes</a> (1950s–2000s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Ceylonese_Hartal" title="1953 Ceylonese Hartal">1953 Ceylonese Hartal</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru-Kotelawala_Pact" title="Nehru-Kotelawala Pact">Nehru-Kotelawala Pact</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_Only_Act" title="Sinhala Only Act">Sinhala Only Act</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_anti-Tamil_pogrom" title="1956 anti-Tamil pogrom">1956 anti-Tamil pogrom</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandaranaike%E2%80%93Chelvanayakam_Pact" title="Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact">Bandaranaike–Chelvanayakam Pact</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_anti-Tamil_pogrom" title="1958 anti-Tamil pogrom">1958 anti-Tamil pogrom</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Ceylonese_coup_attempt" title="1962 Ceylonese coup attempt">Coup d'état attempt</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirima%E2%80%93Shastri_Pact" title="Sirima–Shastri Pact">Sirima–Shastri Pact</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_alleged_Ceylonese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1966 alleged Ceylonese coup d'état attempt">Alleged coup d'état attempt</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policy_of_standardisation" title="Policy of standardisation">Policy of standardisation</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection" title="1971 JVP insurrection">1971 JVP insurrection</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(Sri_Lanka)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Day (Sri Lanka)">Republic Day</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirima%E2%80%93Gandhi_Pact" title="Sirima–Gandhi Pact">Sirima–Gandhi Pact</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaddukoddai_Resolution" title="Vaddukoddai Resolution">Vaddukoddai Resolution</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Sri_Lankan_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1977 Sri Lankan riots">1977 Sri Lankan riots</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Jaffna_Public_Library" title="Burning of Jaffna Public Library">Burning of Jaffna Public Library</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_July" title="Black July">Black July</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Civil War">Sri Lankan Civil War</a> (1983–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Sri_Lanka_Accord" title="Indo-Sri Lanka Accord">Indo-Sri Lanka Accord</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_anti-Sinhalese_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1987 anti-Sinhalese riots">1987 anti-Sinhalese riots</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_JVP_insurrection" title="1987–1989 JVP insurrection">1987–1989 JVP insurrection</a> (1987–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawanella_riots" title="Mawanella riots">Mawanella riots</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-Muslim_riots_in_Sri_Lanka" title="2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka">2014 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_alleged_Sri_Lankan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 alleged Sri Lankan coup d'état attempt">Alleged coup d'état attempt</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_anti-Muslim_riots_in_Sri_Lanka" title="2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka">2018 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sri_Lankan_constitutional_crisis" title="2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis">2018 Sri Lankan constitutional crisis</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_anti-Muslim_riots_in_Sri_Lanka" title="2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka">2019 anti-Muslim riots in Sri Lanka</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Sri_Lankan_protests" title="2022 Sri Lankan protests">2022 Sri Lankan protests</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Sri_Lankan_political_crisis" title="2022 Sri Lankan political crisis">2022 Sri Lankan political crisis</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_movements_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Political movements in Sri Lanka">Political<br />movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capitalism_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capitalism in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Communism in Sri Lanka">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conservatism_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conservatism in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmentalism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Environmentalism in Sri Lanka">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Federalism in Sri Lanka">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberalism in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Separatism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Separatism in Sri Lanka">Separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinhalese_Buddhist_nationalism" title="Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism">Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Socialism in Sri Lanka">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamil_nationalism" title="Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism">Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Eelam" title="Tamil Eelam">Tamil Eelam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary state</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Political parties in Sri Lanka">Political parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of political parties in Sri Lanka">Current parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_National_Party" title="United National Party">United National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Freedom_Party" title="Sri Lanka Freedom Party">Sri Lanka Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna" title="Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna">Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samagi_Jana_Balawegaya" title="Samagi Jana Balawegaya">Samagi Jana Balawegaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_National_Alliance" title="Tamil National Alliance">Tamil National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janatha_Vimukthi_Peramuna" title="Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna">Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_political_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Defunct political parties in Sri Lanka">Defunct political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leftist_parties_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Leftist parties in Sri Lanka">Leftist parties in Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_organisations_based_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Political organisations based in Sri Lanka">Other groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sri_Lankan_Tamil_militant_groups" title="List of Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups">Tamil militant groups</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affiliates_to_the_Liberation_Tigers_of_Tamil_Eelam" title="Affiliates to the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam">Others</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Government of Sri Lanka">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Secretariat_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Presidential Secretariat (Sri Lanka)">Executive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_Sri_Lanka" title="President of Sri Lanka">Presidency</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Sri Lanka">President</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Cabinet of Sri Lanka">Cabinet</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_ministries_of_Sri_Lanka" title="List of ministries of Sri Lanka">Ministries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Administrative_Service" title="Sri Lanka Administrative Service">Administrative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Sri_Lanka)" title="National Security Council (Sri Lanka)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Law enforcement in Sri Lanka">Law enforcement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Judiciary of Sri Lanka">Judiciary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Supreme Court of Sri Lanka">Supreme Court</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Chief Justice of Sri Lanka">Chief Justice</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka">Court of appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Courts_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="High Courts of Sri Lanka">High Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_courts_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="District courts of Sri Lanka">District courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magistrate%27s_Courts_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Magistrate's Courts of Sri Lanka">Magistrate's Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_Courts_of_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary Courts of Sri Lanka">Primary Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Tribunal" title="Labour Tribunal">Labour Tribunal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Legislative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Parliament of Sri Lanka">Parliament</a></b> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka">Speaker</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Prime Minister of Sri Lanka">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister%27s_Office_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Prime Minister's Office (Sri Lanka)">Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Leader of the House (Sri Lanka)">Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Sri Lanka)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Government_Whip_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Chief Government Whip (Sri Lanka)">Chief Government Whip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Opposition_Whip_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Chief Opposition Whip (Sri Lanka)">Chief Opposition Whip</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secretaries-General_of_Parliament&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretaries-General of Parliament (page does not exist)">Secretaries-General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka" title="16th Parliament of Sri Lanka">16th Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16th_Parliament_of_Sri_Lanka#Members" title="16th Parliament of Sri Lanka">Members</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka">6th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka">13th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka">19th Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Assassinations_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Assassinations in Sri Lanka">Assassinations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Capital punishment in Sri Lanka">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Caste system in Sri Lanka">Caste system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Corruption in Sri Lanka">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Crime in Sri Lanka">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Elections in Sri Lanka">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Freedom of the press in Sri Lanka">Freedom of the press</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Sri Lanka">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_bias_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Media bias in Sri Lanka">Media bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_Safety_Bill_(Sri_Lanka)" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Safety Bill (Sri Lanka)">Online Safety Bill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearances_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Enforced disappearances in Sri Lanka">Enforced disappearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Gender inequality in Sri Lanka">Gender inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Human rights in Sri Lanka">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indentured_servitude" title="Indentured servitude">Indentured labourers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Sri Lanka">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Poverty in Sri Lanka">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Political_scandals_of_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Political scandals of Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Scandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_minorities_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Sexual minorities in Sri Lanka">Sexual minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Terrorism in Sri Lanka">Terrorism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_terminology_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Political terminology in Sri Lanka">Terminology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearances_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Enforced disappearances in Sri Lanka">White van</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By province</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Central Province, Sri Lanka">Central Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Eastern Province, Sri Lanka">Eastern Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_North_Central_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of North Central Province, Sri Lanka">North Central Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Northern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Northern Province, Sri Lanka">Northern Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_North_Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of North Western Province, Sri Lanka">North Western Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Sabaragamuwa_Province" title="Category:Politics of Sabaragamuwa Province">Sabaragamuwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Southern_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Southern Province, Sri Lanka">Southern Province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Uva_Province" title="Category:Politics of Uva Province">Uva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Western_Province,_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Western Province, Sri Lanka">Western Province</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Electoral districts of Sri Lanka">Electoral districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Foreign relations of Sri Lanka">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_government_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial government in Sri Lanka">Provincial governments</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Local governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_families_in_Sri_Lanka" title="List of political families in Sri Lanka">Political families</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Politics of Sri Lanka">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Local_government_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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title="Local government in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Azerbaijan" title="Local government in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bangladesh" title="Local government in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Bhutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Local government in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_India" title="Local government in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Iran (page does not exist)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Israel" title="Local government in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Jordan" title="Local government in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Nepal" title="Local government in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Pakistan" title="Local government in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Local government in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a 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title="Local government in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Local government in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Taiwan (page does not exist)">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Hong Kong (page does not exist)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Local_government_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Local government in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" 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