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Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B9" title="هندسة موثوقية الموقع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندسة موثوقية الموقع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_Reliability_Engineering" title="Site Reliability Engineering – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Site Reliability Engineering" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مهندسی قابلیت اطمینان سایت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهندسی قابلیت اطمینان سایت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_Reliability_Engineering" title="Site Reliability Engineering – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Site Reliability Engineering" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8B%A0%EB%A2%B0%EC%84%B1_%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="사이트 신뢰성 공학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사이트 신뢰성 공학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekayasa_keandalan_situs" title="Rekayasa keandalan situs – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rekayasa keandalan situs" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%93%E3%83%AA%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="サイトリライアビリティエンジニアリング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サイトリライアビリティエンジニアリング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_Reliability_Engineering" title="Site Reliability Engineering – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Site Reliability Engineering" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%99%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%80%A7%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="站点可靠性工程 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="站点可靠性工程" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56351687#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Buzzword plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article appears to <b>contain a large number of <a href="/wiki/Buzzword" title="Buzzword">buzzwords</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> There might be a discussion about this on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Site_reliability_engineering" title="Talk:Site reliability engineering">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit">improve this article</a> if you can.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Site Reliability Engineering</b> (<b>SRE</b>) is a subset of <a href="/wiki/Web_development" title="Web development">web development</a> that encompasses principles and practices that integrate <a href="/wiki/Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">software engineering</a> with <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">IT</a> <a href="/wiki/IT_infrastructure" title="IT infrastructure">infrastructure</a> and <a href="/wiki/IT_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="IT operations">operations</a><sup id="cite_ref-:7_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to enhance system reliability. SRE shares some similarities with <a href="/wiki/DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a>, which focuses on <a href="/wiki/Software_development" title="Software development">software development</a> and operational practices. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The field of SRE originated at <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> with Ben Treynor Sloss,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who founded a site reliability team in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The concept expanded within the software development industry, leading various companies to employ site <a href="/wiki/Reliability_engineering" title="Reliability engineering">reliability engineers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By March 2016, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> had over 1,000 site reliability engineers on staff.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dedicated SRE teams are common at larger web development companies. <a href="/wiki/DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a> teams sometimes serve the dual purpose of SRE in midsize and smaller companies.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Organization" title="Organization">Organizations</a> that have adopted the concept include <a href="/wiki/Airbnb" title="Airbnb">Airbnb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dropbox_(service)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dropbox (service)">Dropbox</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Site reliability engineering as a job role may be performed by individual contributors or organized in teams. Site reliability engineers are responsible for a combination of the following within a broader engineering organization: system <a href="/wiki/Availability" title="Availability">availability</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latency_(engineering)" title="Latency (engineering)">latency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_performance" title="Computer performance">performance</a>, efficiency, <a href="/wiki/Change_management_(engineering)" title="Change management (engineering)">change management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Website_monitoring" title="Website monitoring">monitoring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Incident_management" title="Incident management">emergency response</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Capacity_planning" title="Capacity planning">capacity planning</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Site reliability engineers often have backgrounds in <a href="/wiki/Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">software engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Systems_engineering" title="Systems engineering">system engineering</a>, or <a href="/wiki/System_administrator" title="System administrator">system administration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Focuses of SRE include <a href="/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">automation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Systems_design" title="Systems design">system design</a>, and improvements to <a href="/wiki/Robustness_(computer_science)" title="Robustness (computer science)">system resilience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The set of principles and practices in site reliability engineering can be performed by regular workers, but a company may eventually hire specialists and engineers specifically for the job.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>SRE is considered a specific implementation of <a href="/wiki/DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SRE focuses specifically on building reliable systems, whereas <a href="/wiki/DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a> covers a broad scope.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite having different focuses, some companies have re-branded their operations teams to SRE teams.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principles_and_practices">Principles and practices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Principles and practices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been multiple attempts to define a canonical list of site reliability engineering principles. The following characteristics are included in most definitions:<sup id="cite_ref-:7_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Automation of repetitive tasks for cost-effectiveness</li> <li>Limit the pursuit of reliability to the pre-defined reliability goals. Defining these reliability goals is one of the SRE practices (see list of practices below).</li> <li>Design of systems with a bias toward the reduction of risks to availability, latency, and efficiency.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_observability" class="mw-redirect" title="Software observability">Observability</a>, the ability to ask arbitrary questions about a system without having to know ahead of time what to ask.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The site reliability engineering practices also vary widely, but the list below is relatively commonly seen as at least partially implemented: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sre.google/sre-book/eliminating-toil/">Toil management</a>, the implementation of the first principle outlined above.</li> <li>Defining and measuring reliability goals—<a href="/wiki/Service_level_indicator" title="Service level indicator">SLIs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Service-level_objective" title="Service-level objective">SLOs</a>, and error budgets.</li> <li>Non-Abstract Large Scale Systems Design (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sre.google/workbook/non-abstract-design/">NALSD</a>) with a focus on reliability.</li> <li>Designing for and implementing observability.</li> <li>Defining, testing, and running an <a href="/wiki/Incident_management" title="Incident management">incident management</a> process.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capacity_planning" title="Capacity planning">Capacity planning</a>.</li> <li>Change and release management, including <a href="/wiki/CI/CD" title="CI/CD">CI/CD</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_engineering" title="Chaos engineering">Chaos engineering</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implementations">Implementations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Implementations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SRE teams collaborate with other departments within organizations to implement principles effectively. Below is an overview of common practices:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kitchen_Sink,_a.k.a._"Everything_SRE""><span id="Kitchen_Sink.2C_a.k.a._.22Everything_SRE.22"></span>Kitchen Sink, a.k.a. "Everything SRE"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kitchen Sink, a.k.a. "Everything SRE""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/devops-sre/how-sre-teams-are-organized-and-how-to-get-started">Kitchen Sink</a> refers to the expansive and often unbounded scope of services and workflows that SRE teams oversee. Unlike traditional roles with clearly defined boundaries, SREs are tasked with various responsibilities, including system performance optimization, incident management, and automation. This approach allows SREs to address multiple challenges, ensuring that systems run efficiently and evolve in response to changing demands and complexities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Infrastructure SRE teams focus on maintaining and improving the reliability of systems that support other teams' workflows. While they sometimes collaborate with platform engineering teams, their primary responsibility is ensuring up-time, performance, and efficiency. Platform teams, on the other hand, primarily develop the software and systems used across the organization. While reliability is a goal for both, platform teams prioritize creating and maintaining the tools and services used by internal stakeholders, whereas Infrastructure SRE teams are tasked with ensuring those systems run smoothly and meet reliability standards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tools">Tools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SRE teams utilize a variety of tools to measure, maintain, and enhance system reliability. These tools play a role in monitoring performance, identifying issues, and facilitating proactive maintenance. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Nagios_Core" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagios Core">Nagios Core</a> is widely used for system monitoring and alerting, while <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_(software)" title="Prometheus (software)">Prometheus (software)</a> is popular for collecting and querying metrics in cloud-native environments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Product_or_application">Product or application</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Product or application"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SRE teams dedicated to specific products or applications are common in large organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These teams are responsible for ensuring the reliability, scalability, and performance of key services. In larger companies, it's typical to have multiple SRE teams, each focusing on different products or applications, ensuring that each area receives specialized attention to meet performance and availability targets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Embedded">Embedded</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Embedded"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an embedded model, individual SREs or small SRE pairs are integrated within software engineering teams. These SREs work closely with developers, applying core SRE principles, such as automation, monitoring, and incident response—directly to the software development lifecycle. This approach helps improve reliability, performance, and collaboration between SREs and developers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consulting">Consulting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Consulting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Consulting SRE teams specialize in advising organizations on the implementation of SRE principles and practices. Typically composed of seasoned SREs with a history across various implementations, these teams provide insights and guidance for specific organizational needs. When working directly with clients, these SREs are often referred to as '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/devops-sre/introducing-a-new-era-of-customer-support-google-customer-reliability-engineering">Customer Reliability Engineers</a>.' </p><p>In large organizations that have adopted SRE, a hybrid model is common<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. This model includes various implementations, such as multiple Product/Application SRE teams dedicated to addressing the unique reliability needs of different products. An Infrastructure SRE team may collaborate with a Platform engineering group to achieve shared reliability goals for a unified platform that supports all products and applications. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industry">Industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2014, the <a href="/wiki/USENIX" title="USENIX">USENIX</a> organization has hosted the annual <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usenix.org/srecon">SREcon</a> conference, bringing together site reliability engineers from various industries. This conference is a platform for professionals to share knowledge, explore best practices, and discuss trends in site reliability engineering.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_engineering" title="Chaos engineering">Chaos engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">Data center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_disaster_recovery" title="IT disaster recovery">Disaster recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_availability_software" title="High availability software">High availability software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_as_code" title="Infrastructure as code">Infrastructure as code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations,_administration_and_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Operations, administration and management">Operations, administration and management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_management" title="Operations management">Operations management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliability_engineering" title="Reliability engineering">Reliability engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="System administration">System administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backup_site" title="Backup site">Backup site</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:7-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:7_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:7_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Betsy+Beyer%2C+Stephen+Thorne+of+Google&rft.date=2018-10-09&rft.au=Dave+Harrison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdriftboatdave.com%2F2018%2F10%2F09%2Finterview-with-betsy-beyer-stephen-thorne-of-google%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeyerJonesPetoffMurphy2016" class="citation book cs1">Beyer, Betsy; Jones, Chris; Petoff, Jennifer; Murphy, Niall, eds. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sre.google/sre-book/table-of-contents/"><i>Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems</i></a>. Sebastopol, CA: <a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Media" title="O'Reilly Media">O'Reilly Media</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4919-5118-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4919-5118-7"><bdi>978-1-4919-5118-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/945577030">945577030</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Site+Reliability+Engineering%3A+How+Google+Runs+Production+Systems&rft.place=Sebastopol%2C+CA&rft.pub=O%27Reilly+Media&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F945577030&rft.isbn=978-1-4919-5118-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsre.google%2Fsre-book%2Ftable-of-contents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVargoFong-Jones2018" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Vargo, Seth; <a href="/wiki/Liz_Fong-Jones" title="Liz Fong-Jones">Fong-Jones, Liz</a> (March 1, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTEL8Ff1Zvk"><i>What's the Difference Between DevOps and SRE? (class SRE implements DevOps)</i></a> (Video). <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What%27s+the+Difference+Between+DevOps+and+SRE%3F+%28class+SRE+implements+DevOps%29&rft.pub=Google&rft.date=2018-03-01&rft.aulast=Vargo&rft.aufirst=Seth&rft.au=Fong-Jones%2C+Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DuTEL8Ff1Zvk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/sre/">"What is SRE? - SRE Explained - AWS"</a>. <i>Amazon Web Services, Inc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon+Web+Services%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=What+is+SRE%3F+-+SRE+Explained+-+AWS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faws.amazon.com%2Fwhat-is%2Fsre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blameless.com//blog/sre-principles">"The 7 SRE Principles [And How to Put Them Into Practice]"</a>. <i>www.blameless.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.blameless.com&rft.atitle=The+7+SRE+Principles+%5BAnd+How+to+Put+Them+Into+Practice%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blameless.com%2F%2Fblog%2Fsre-principles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.honeycomb.io/getting-started/learning-about-observability/">"Learn about observability | Honeycomb"</a>. <i>docs.honeycomb.io</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.honeycomb.io&rft.atitle=Learn+about+observability+%7C+Honeycomb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.honeycomb.io%2Fgetting-started%2Flearning-about-observability%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/devops-sre/how-sre-teams-are-organized-and-how-to-get-started/">"SRE at Google: How to structure your SRE team"</a>. <i>Google Cloud Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-06-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Cloud+Blog&rft.atitle=SRE+at+Google%3A+How+to+structure+your+SRE+team&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcloud.google.com%2Fblog%2Fproducts%2Fdevops-sre%2Fhow-sre-teams-are-organized-and-how-to-get-started%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/devops-sre/how-sre-teams-are-organized-and-how-to-get-started">"SRE at Google: How to structure your SRE team"</a>. <i>Google Cloud Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Cloud+Blog&rft.atitle=SRE+at+Google%3A+How+to+structure+your+SRE+team&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcloud.google.com%2Fblog%2Fproducts%2Fdevops-sre%2Fhow-sre-teams-are-organized-and-how-to-get-started&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usenix.org/srecon">"Usenix SREcon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USENIX" title="USENIX">USENIX</a></i>. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USENIX&rft.atitle=Usenix+SREcon&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usenix.org%2Fsrecon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLimoncelliChalupHogan2014" class="citation book cs1">Limoncelli, Tom; Chalup, Strata R.; Hogan, Christina J. (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/891786231"><i>The Practice of Cloud System Administration: DevOps and SRE Practices for Web Services</i></a>. Vol. 2. Upper Saddle River, NJ: <a href="/wiki/Addison-Wesley" title="Addison-Wesley">Addison-Wesley</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0133478549" title="Special:BookSources/978-0133478549"><bdi>978-0133478549</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/891786231">891786231</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Practice+of+Cloud+System+Administration%3A+DevOps+and+SRE+Practices+for+Web+Services&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft.date=2014-09&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F891786231&rft.isbn=978-0133478549&rft.aulast=Limoncelli&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Chalup%2C+Strata+R.&rft.au=Hogan%2C+Christina+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F891786231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeyerJonesPetoffMurphy2016" class="citation book cs1">Beyer, Betsy; Jones, Chris; Petoff, Jennifer; Murphy, Niall Richard, eds. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sitereliabilitye0000unse"><i>Site Reliability Engineering: How Google Runs Production Systems</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/O%27Reilly_Media" title="O'Reilly Media">O'Reilly</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1491929124" title="Special:BookSources/978-1491929124"><bdi>978-1491929124</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Site+Reliability+Engineering%3A+How+Google+Runs+Production+Systems&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1491929124&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsitereliabilitye0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlank-Edelman2018" class="citation book cs1">Blank-Edelman, David N., ed. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1052565720"><i>Seeking SRE: Conversations About Running Production Systems at Scale</i></a> (1 ed.). Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1491978863" title="Special:BookSources/978-1491978863"><bdi>978-1491978863</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1052565720">1052565720</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seeking+SRE%3A+Conversations+About+Running+Production+Systems+at+Scale&rft.place=Sebastopol%2C+CA&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1052565720&rft.isbn=978-1491978863&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1052565720&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeyerMurphyKawaharaRensin2018" class="citation book cs1">Beyer, Betsy; Murphy, Niall; Kawahara, Kent; Rensin, David; Thorne, Stephen (2018). <i>The Site Reliability Workbook: Practical Ways to Implement SRE</i>. O'Reilly. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1492029502" title="Special:BookSources/978-1492029502"><bdi>978-1492029502</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Site+Reliability+Workbook%3A+Practical+Ways+to+Implement+SRE&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1492029502&rft.aulast=Beyer&rft.aufirst=Betsy&rft.au=Murphy%2C+Niall&rft.au=Kawahara%2C+Kent&rft.au=Rensin%2C+David&rft.au=Thorne%2C+Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelch2018" class="citation book cs1">Welch, Nat (2018). <i>Real-World SRE: The Survival Guide for Responding to a System Outage and Maximizing Uptime</i>. <a href="/wiki/Packt" title="Packt">Packt</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1788628884" title="Special:BookSources/978-1788628884"><bdi>978-1788628884</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Real-World+SRE%3A+The+Survival+Guide+for+Responding+to+a+System+Outage+and+Maximizing+Uptime&rft.pub=Packt&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1788628884&rft.aulast=Welch&rft.aufirst=Nat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdkinsBeyerBlankinshipLewandowski2020" class="citation book cs1">Adkins, Heather; Beyer, Betsy; Blankinship, Paul; Lewandowski, Piotr; Oprea, Ana; Stubblefield, Adam (2020). <i>Building Secure and Reliable Systems: Best Practices for Designing, Implementing, and Maintaining Systems</i>. O'Reilly. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4920-8312-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4920-8312-2"><bdi>978-1-4920-8312-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1129470292">1129470292</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+Secure+and+Reliable+Systems%3A+Best+Practices+for+Designing%2C+Implementing%2C+and+Maintaining+Systems&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1129470292&rft.isbn=978-1-4920-8312-2&rft.aulast=Adkins&rft.aufirst=Heather&rft.au=Beyer%2C+Betsy&rft.au=Blankinship%2C+Paul&rft.au=Lewandowski%2C+Piotr&rft.au=Oprea%2C+Ana&rft.au=Stubblefield%2C+Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal,_Jones2020" class="citation book cs1">Rosenthal, Jones, Casey, Nora (2020). <i>Chaos Engineering: System Resiliency in Practice</i>. O'Reilly. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1492043867" title="Special:BookSources/978-1492043867"><bdi>978-1492043867</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chaos+Engineering%3A+System+Resiliency+in+Practice&rft.pub=O%27Reilly&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1492043867&rft.aulast=Rosenthal%2C+Jones&rft.aufirst=Casey%2C+Nora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASite+reliability+engineering" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Site_reliability_engineering&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/dastergon/awesome-sre">Awesome Site Reliability Engineering</a> resources list</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/upgundecha/howtheysre">How they SRE</a> resources list</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sreweekly.com/">SRE Weekly</a> weekly newsletter devoted to SRE</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sre.google/">SRE at Google</a> landing page for learning more about SRE in Google</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://komodor.com/learning-center/?category=troubleshooting/">Komodor K8s Reliability</a> learning centre with resources for SREs working with Kubernetes</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diamantinoalmeida.com/sre-what-do-you-need-to-know-to-master-this-role/">SRE: What Do You Need To Know To Master This Role?</a> resource list</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Formal_methods" title="Formal methods">Formal methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requirements_engineering" title="Requirements engineering">Requirements engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search-based_software_engineering" title="Search-based software engineering">Search-based software engineering</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Site reliability engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_software_engineering" title="Social software engineering">Social software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_deployment" title="Software deployment">Software deployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_design" title="Software design">Software design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">Software maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_testing" title="Software testing">Software testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_analysis" title="Systems analysis">Systems analysis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)" title="Abstraction (computer science)">Abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Component-based software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_compatibility" title="Computer compatibility">Software compatibility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">Backward compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatibility_layer" title="Compatibility layer">Compatibility layer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatibility_mode" title="Compatibility mode">Compatibility mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_compatibility" title="Forward compatibility">Forward compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_incompatibility" title="Software incompatibility">Software incompatibility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_modeling" title="Data modeling">Data modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_architecture" title="Enterprise architecture">Enterprise architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functional_specification" title="Functional specification">Functional specification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modeling_language" title="Modeling language">Modeling language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Programming paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_archaeology" title="Software archaeology">Software archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_architecture" title="Software architecture">Software architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">Software configuration management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_development_process" title="Software development process">Software development process/methodology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality" title="Software quality">Software quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality_assurance" title="Software quality assurance">Software quality assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_verification_and_validation" title="Software verification and validation">Software verification and validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_system" title="Software system">Software system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structured_analysis" title="Structured analysis">Structured analysis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_systems_analysis" title="Essential systems analysis">Essential analysis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CI/CD" title="CI/CD">CI/CD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orientations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspect-oriented_programming" title="Aspect-oriented programming">Aspect-oriented</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)" title="Ontology (information science)">Ontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture" title="Service-oriented architecture">Service orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle" title="Systems development life cycle">SDLC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Developmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_unified_process" title="Enterprise unified process">EUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executable_UML" title="Executable UML">Executable UML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incremental_build_model" title="Incremental build model">Incremental model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iterative_and_incremental_development" title="Iterative and incremental development">Iterative model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_prototyping" title="Software prototyping">Prototype model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_application_development" title="Rapid application development">RAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Process" class="mw-redirect" title="Unified Process">UP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)" title="Scrum (software development)">Scrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_model" title="Spiral model">Spiral model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-model_(software_development)" title="V-model (software development)">V-model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterfall_model" title="Waterfall model">Waterfall model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_programming" title="Extreme programming">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model-driven_engineering" title="Model-driven engineering">Model-driven engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round-trip_engineering" title="Round-trip engineering">Round-trip engineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15504" title="ISO/IEC 15504">SPICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration" title="Capability Maturity Model Integration">CMMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_model" title="Data model">Data model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entity%E2%80%93relationship_model" title="Entity–relationship model">ER model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Function_model" title="Function model">Function model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_model" title="Information model">Information model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamodeling" title="Metamodeling">Metamodeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object_model" title="Object model">Object model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_modeling" title="Systems modeling">Systems model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/View_model" title="View model">View model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" 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