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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Ottoman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independent_Serbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independent_Serbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Independent Serbia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independent_Serbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_the_age_and_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_the_age_and_breakup_of_Yugoslavia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>During the age and breakup of Yugoslavia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_the_age_and_breakup_of_Yugoslavia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>2000–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnic_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ethnic composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourist_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourist_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Tourist sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourist_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture_and_monuments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture_and_monuments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Architecture and monuments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture_and_monuments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diplomatic_missions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diplomatic_missions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Diplomatic missions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diplomatic_missions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Diplomatic missions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Diplomatic_missions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_Consulates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Consulates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>General Consulates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Consulates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honorary_consulates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_consulates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Honorary consulates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honorary_consulates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Local media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_forms_of_cooperation_and_city_friendship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_forms_of_cooperation_and_city_friendship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Other forms of cooperation and city friendship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_forms_of_cooperation_and_city_friendship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="نيش – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيش" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6" title="নিশ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%88" title="Ніш – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ніш" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%88" title="Ніш – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ніш" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CF%82_(%CE%A3%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Νις (Σερβία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νις (Σερβία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%9Do" title="Niŝo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Niŝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1)" title="نیش (شهر) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیش (شهر)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ADs" title="Nís – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nís" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%8B%9C" title="니시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="니시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%B7" title="Նիշ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիշ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A9" title="ניש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98)" title="ნიში (სერბეთი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიში (სერბეთი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naissus" title="Naissus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Naissus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1a_(pils%C4%93ta)" title="Niša (pilsēta) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Niša (pilsēta)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1as" title="Nišas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nišas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE)" title="नीस (सर्बिया) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नीस (सर्बिया)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B4" title="نيش – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيش" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5" title="ニシュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニシュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nish" title="Nish – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nish" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%B4%DB%81%D8%B1" title="نیش شہر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیش شہر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4_%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="نیش ښار – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نیش ښار" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nisz" title="Nisz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nisz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nis" title="Nis – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%88" title="Ніш – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ніш" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nishi" title="Nishi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nishi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%8C" title="Нишь – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Нишь" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8A" title="นีช – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นีช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%9F,_S%C4%B1rbistan" title="Niş, Sırbistan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Niş, Sırbistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88" title="Ниш – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ниш" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="نیش – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni%C5%A1" title="Niš – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Niš" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E4%BB%80" title="尼什 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尼什" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E4%BB%80" title="尼什 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="尼什" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ni%C5%A1&params=43_19_15_N_21_53_45_E_region:RS_type:city(260237)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°19′15″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°53′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.32083°N 21.89583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.32083; 21.89583</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in southern Serbia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in southern Serbia. For other meanings, see <a href="/wiki/NIS_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="NIS (disambiguation)">NIS</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Southern Serbia, Serbia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Niš</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="sr"><span title="Serbian-language text"><span lang="sr-Cyrl" style="font-style: normal;">Ниш</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span title="Serbian-language text"><span lang="sr">Град Ниш<br />Grad Niš</span></span><br />City of Niš</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:130px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_center.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Nis_center.JPG/248px-Nis_center.JPG" decoding="async" width="248" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Nis_center.JPG/372px-Nis_center.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Nis_center.JPG/496px-Nis_center.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1249" data-file-height="657" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Panorama of Niš</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG/129px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG/194px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG/258px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_34.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Niš City Hall</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:117px;max-width:117px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B05.jpg/120px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B05.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B05.jpg/250px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B05.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Fortress" title="Niš Fortress">Niš Fortress</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:60px;max-width:60px"><div style="height:87px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki.Ni%C5%A1_foto_Zgrada_Sreskog_na%C4%8Delstva_146.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wiki.Ni%C5%A1_foto_Zgrada_Sreskog_na%C4%8Delstva_146.jpg/60px-Wiki.Ni%C5%A1_foto_Zgrada_Sreskog_na%C4%8Delstva_146.jpg" decoding="async" width="58" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wiki.Ni%C5%A1_foto_Zgrada_Sreskog_na%C4%8Delstva_146.jpg/120px-Wiki.Ni%C5%A1_foto_Zgrada_Sreskog_na%C4%8Delstva_146.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4272" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Palace of Justice</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:67px;max-width:67px"><div style="height:87px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg/65px-Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg" decoding="async" width="65" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg/98px-Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg/130px-Memorijalna_kapela_Nis2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Chapel,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Memorial Chapel, Niš">Memorial Chapel</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:118px;max-width:118px"><div style="height:87px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bubanj-Pesnice_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bubanj-Pesnice_7.jpg/120px-Bubanj-Pesnice_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bubanj-Pesnice_7.jpg/250px-Bubanj-Pesnice_7.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Bubanj_Memorial_Park" title="Bubanj Memorial Park">Bubanj Memorial Park</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG/129px-%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG/194px-%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG/258px-%C4%8Cegar_spomenik.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cegar" title="Čegar">Monument on Čegar</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:117px;max-width:117px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_in_Ni%C5%A1.IMG_3832.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Church_in_Ni%C5%A1.IMG_3832.jpg/120px-Church_in_Ni%C5%A1.IMG_3832.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Church_in_Ni%C5%A1.IMG_3832.jpg/250px-Church_in_Ni%C5%A1.IMG_3832.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Church of the Holy Emperor Constantine and Empress Helena</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:125px;max-width:125px"><div style="height:80px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ni%C5%A1ava_River,_Ni%C5%A1,_Serbia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/123px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/185px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/246px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2876" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava" title="Nišava">Nišava</a> river</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div style="height:80px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg/121px-Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg/182px-Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg/242px-Zgrada_starog_Na%C4%8Delstva_-_zgrada_Univerziteta_u_Ni%C5%A1u.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3454" data-file-height="2301" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="University of Niš">University of Niš</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Niš"><img alt="Flag of Niš" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1.gif/120px-Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1.gif" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1.gif/250px-Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Flag of Niš">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Niš"><img alt="Coat of arms of Niš" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png/78px-Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png" decoding="async" width="78" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png/118px-Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png/157px-Nis_Coat_of_Arms.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="255" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Coat of arms of Niš">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"Second capital"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />"Imperial City"</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reliefkarte_Serbien.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Niš is located in Serbia"><img alt="Niš is located in Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/250px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/375px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Reliefkarte_Serbien.png/500px-Reliefkarte_Serbien.png 2x" data-file-width="3741" data-file-height="5333" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.765%;left:71.018%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Niš"><img alt="Niš" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Niš</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Serbia</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Serbia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niš is located in Balkans"><img alt="Niš is located in Balkans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Balkans_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.373%;left:52.67%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Niš"><img alt="Niš" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Niš</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Europe</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Balkans</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niš is located in Europe"><img alt="Niš is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.512%;left:56.225%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Niš"><img alt="Niš" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Niš</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Niš (Europe)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Europe</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Ni%C5%A1&params=43_19_15_N_21_53_45_E_region:RS_type:city(260237)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°19′15″N</span> <span class="longitude">21°53′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.32083°N 21.89583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.32083; 21.89583</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Serbia" title="Geography of Serbia">Geographical Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Serbia_(Geographical_Region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Serbia (Geographical Region)">Southern Serbia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Serbia" title="Administrative divisions of Serbia">Statistical Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia" title="Southern and Eastern Serbia">Southern and Eastern</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Serbia">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Nišava District">Nišava</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Serbia">Municipalities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Administrative_divisions">5</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First mention</th><td class="infobox-data">2nd century AD</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Liberation from <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11 January 1878</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="List of mayors of Niš">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dragoslav Pavlović (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_Progressive_Party" title="Serbian Progressive Party">SNS</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Serbia" title="List of political parties in Serbia">Ruling parties</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Progressive_Party" title="Serbian Progressive Party">SNS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Party of Serbia">SPS</a>/<a href="/wiki/Serbian_Radical_Party" title="Serbian Radical Party">SRS</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/City_Assembly_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="City Assembly of Niš">City Assembly of Niš</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">596.73 km<sup>2</sup> (230.40 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">266.77 km<sup>2</sup> (103.00 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,729 km<sup>2</sup> (1,054 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">51st in Serbia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">195 m (640 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">260,237</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">3rd in Serbia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">431.1/km<sup>2</sup> (1,117/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City Proper<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">182,797</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nišlijka (female)<br />Nišlija (male)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">18000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+381(0)18</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">SRB</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a><sup id="cite_ref-Statut_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Statut-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Patron_Saint" class="mw-redirect" title="Patron Saint">Patron Saint</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Procopius_of_Scythopolis" title="Procopius of Scythopolis">Procopius of Scythopolis</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.rs/">www<wbr />.ni<wbr />.rs</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Niš</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">Serbian Cyrillic</a>: <span lang="sr-Cyrl">Ниш</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Serbian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">[nîːʃ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/fe\/Nish.ogg\/Nish.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nish.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Nish.ogg/Nish.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Nish.ogg" title="File:Nish.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Names_of_European_cities_in_different_languages_(M%E2%80%93P)#N" title="Names of European cities in different languages (M–P)">names in other languages</a>), less often spelled in English as <b>Nish</b>, is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of cities in Serbia">third largest city</a> in <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> and the administrative center of the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Nišava District">Nišava District</a>. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Serbia_(Geographical_Region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Serbia (Geographical Region)">southern part of Serbia</a>. According to the 2011 census<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ni%C5%A1&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the city proper has a population of 182,797, while its administrative area (City of Niš) has a population of 260,237 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several <a href="/wiki/Roman_emperor" title="Roman emperor">Roman emperors</a> were born in Niš or used it as a residence: <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a>, the first Christian emperor and the founder of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constantius_III" title="Constantius III">Constantius III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Constans" title="Constans">Constans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vetranio" title="Vetranio">Vetranio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valentinian_I" title="Valentinian I">Valentinian I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valens" title="Valens">Valens</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emperor <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius Gothicus</a> decisively defeated the <a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Naissus" title="Battle of Naissus">Battle of Naissus</a> (present-day Niš).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later playing a prominent role in the history of the Byzantine Empire, the city's past would earn it the nickname <i>Imperial City.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After about 400 years of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule, the city was liberated in 1878 and became part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia" title="Kingdom of Serbia">Principality of Serbia</a>, though not without great bloodshed—remnants of which can be found throughout the city. Today, Niš is one of the most important economic centers in Serbia, especially in the electronics, mechanical engineering, textile, and tobacco industries. <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Constantine_the_Great_Airport" title="Niš Constantine the Great Airport">Constantine the Great Airport</a> is Niš's international airport. The city is also the seat of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="University of Niš">University of Niš</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Eparchy_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Eparchy of Niš">Eparchy of Niš</a> and the Command of <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Army" title="Serbian Army">Serbian Army</a>. </p><p>In 2013, the city was host to the celebration of 1700 years of Constantine's <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Milan" title="Edict of Milan">Edict of Milan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2></div> <p>Niš was known as Нишь<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Ньшь<sup id="cite_ref-Mišić_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mišić-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>Nyšь</i>) in <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">Old Serbian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Bulgarian_orthography" title="Reforms of Bulgarian orthography">Old Bulgarian</a>. <i>Nāissus</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_history" title="Ancient history">Ancient</a> name of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Detelić_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detelić-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naissus is itself probably a derivative of the older *<i>Nāviskos</i>, from *<i>Nāvia</i> ("trough valley"), the <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic</a> name of the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Nišava River">Nišava River</a>, which flows through the city. In <a href="/wiki/Historical_source" title="Historical source">historical sources</a>, the town is mentioned as Naissus, Ναϊσσός, Naessus, urbs Naisitana, Нишь, Ньшь, Nisso and Nix.<sup id="cite_ref-Mišić_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mišić-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Niš</i> evolved from the toponym attested in Ancient Greek as <i>ΝΑΙΣΣΟΣ</i> (Naissos) achieving its present form via phonetic changes in <a href="/wiki/Proto-Albanian_language" title="Proto-Albanian language">Proto-Albanian</a> and thereafter the placename entered Slavic.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Nish</i> might indicate that Proto-Albanian was spoken in the region in pre-Slavic antiquity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVermeer1992107_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVermeer1992107-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Ismajli (2015), when this settlement happened is a matter of debate, as Proto-Albanians might have moved relatively late in antiquity in the area which might have been an eastern expansion of Proto-Albanian settlement as no other toponyms known in antiquity in the area presuppose an Albanian development.<sup id="cite_ref-Ismajli_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ismajli-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It cannot be ruled out however that the development of <i>Nish</i> < <i>Naiss-</i> may also represent a regional development in late antiquity Balkans which, while closely related to Albanian (i.e. characterized by the same phonetic system), may not be identical with it.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attempts have been made to explain the place name in various ways as "a purely Slavic development", such as by Serbian linguist <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_Loma" title="Aleksandar Loma">Aleksandar Loma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Matzinger_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matzinger-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, Austrian linguist Joachim Matzinger, who maintains the Albanian transmission of <i>Naiss > Niš</i>, states that "a discussion with historical South Slavic linguistics is an urgent desideratum".<sup id="cite_ref-Matzinger_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matzinger-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="History of Niš">History of Niš</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG/220px-Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG/330px-Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG/440px-Medijana_u_Ni%C5%A1u.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Remains of the luxurious residence palace of <a href="/wiki/Mediana" title="Mediana">Mediana</a>, erected by Constantine I near his birth town of <a href="/wiki/Naissus" class="mw-redirect" title="Naissus">Naissus</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first settlement on the site of today's Niš may have been founded by the <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> at the end of the 3rd century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Detelić_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detelić-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is very little archaeological evidence however which can be used to reconstruct a pre-Roman history of Niš.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman era</a>, the city of Naissus became a large urban center.<sup id="cite_ref-Detelić_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detelić-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Roman conquest of the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a>, between 168 and 75 BC, the city was used as a base of operations. Naissus was first mentioned in Roman documents near the beginning of the 2nd century CE, and was considered a place worthy of note in the <i>Geography</i> of <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> of Alexandria.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Romans occupied the town during the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dardania" title="Kingdom of Dardania">Dardanian</a> campaign (75–73 BC), and set up a legionary camp in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-RB_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RB-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city, called <i>refugia</i> and <i>vici</i> in pre-Roman relation, as a result of its strategic position (the Thracians were based to the south<sup id="cite_ref-RB_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RB-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) developed as an important <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> and market town in the province of <a href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</a> Superior.<sup id="cite_ref-BVIII2006_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BVIII2006-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 169 AD, Naissus was established as a <a href="/wiki/Municipium" title="Municipium">municipium</a> and from <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> onwards it belonged to the province of <a href="/wiki/Dardania_(Roman_province)" title="Dardania (Roman province)">Dardania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Detelić_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Detelić-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 272, the future Emperor <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> was born in Naissus. Constantine created the <a href="/wiki/Dacia_Mediterranea" title="Dacia Mediterranea">Dacia Mediterranea</a> province, of which Naissus was the capital, which also included <a href="/wiki/Remesiana" title="Remesiana">Remesiana</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Via_Militaris" title="Via Militaris">Via Militaris</a> and the towns of <a href="/wiki/Pautalia" title="Pautalia">Pautalia</a> and Germania. He lived in Naissus briefly from 316 to 322.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was of great importance for the <a href="/wiki/Constantinian_dynasty" title="Constantinian dynasty">Constantinian dynasty</a>. It is the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> who turned it from a middle-sized town to a large city with many public buildings. The city flourished greatly in the Constantinian period. A bronze bust of Constantine decorated city. It was his temporary residence and the city where he promulgated many laws, preserved in the <a href="/wiki/Theodosian_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodosian code">Theodosian code</a>. In Constantinian narratives, Naissus was the city where the usurper <a href="/wiki/Vetranio" title="Vetranio">Vetranio</a> abdicated to <a href="/wiki/Constantius_II" title="Constantius II">Constantius II</a> after a powerful speech he gave to the rebel armies. <a href="/wiki/Julian_(emperor)" title="Julian (emperor)">Julian</a>, the last Constantinian emperor, used Naissus, which had arms factories, as his base in the civil war and recruited <a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrians</a> and others as soldiers for his campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 364 AD, the imperial Villa <a href="/wiki/Mediana" title="Mediana">Mediana</a> 3 km (2 mi) was the site where emperors Valentinian and Valens met and divided the Roman Empire into halves which they would rule as co-emperors.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was besieged by the <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a> in 441 and devastated in 448, and again in 480 when the partially-rebuilt town was demolished by the <a href="/wiki/Barbarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarians">Barbarians</a>. Byzantine Emperor <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a> restored the town but it was destroyed by the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avars</a> once again. The <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a>, in their campaign against Byzantium, conquered Niš and settled here in 540. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Picta_Sal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chronicon Pictum, Hungarian, Hungary, King Solomon, Prince Géza, Niš, Byzantine Empire, occupation, medieval, chronicle, book, illumination, illustration, history" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Picta_Sal.jpg/250px-Picta_Sal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Picta_Sal.jpg/330px-Picta_Sal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Picta_Sal.jpg/500px-Picta_Sal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>King <a href="/wiki/Solomon,_King_of_Hungary" title="Solomon, King of Hungary">Solomon</a> and Prince <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9za_I_of_Hungary" title="Géza I of Hungary">Géza</a> receive gifts from the locals at Niš in 1072 (<a href="/wiki/Chronicon_Pictum" title="Chronicon Pictum">Chronicon Pictum</a>, 1358)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 805, the town and its surroundings were taken by Bulgarian Emperor <a href="/wiki/Krum" title="Krum">Krum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFine1994_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFine1994-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 11th century Byzantium reclaimed control over Naissus and the surrounding area. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SiegeNish1096.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/SiegeNish1096.jpg/250px-SiegeNish1096.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/SiegeNish1096.jpg/255px-SiegeNish1096.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/SiegeNish1096.jpg 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption>Siege of Niš, <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> attacking Naissus on 4 July 1096</figcaption></figure> <p>King <a href="/wiki/Solomon,_King_of_Hungary" title="Solomon, King of Hungary">Solomon</a> of Hungary and Prince <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9za_I_of_Hungary" title="Géza I of Hungary">Géza</a> marched along the valley of the river <a href="/wiki/Great_Morava" title="Great Morava">Great Morava</a> as far as Niš. The Hungarians seized the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> city without any resistance in 1072.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Crusade" title="People's Crusade">People's Crusade</a>, on 3 July 1096, <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Hermit" title="Peter the Hermit">Peter the Hermit</a> clashed with Byzantine forces at Naissus. <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_Komnenos" title="Manuel I Komnenos">Manuel I</a> fortified the town, but under his successor <a href="/wiki/Andronikos_I_Komnenos" title="Andronikos I Komnenos">Andronikos I</a> it was seized by the Hungarian king <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Béla III">Béla III</a>. Byzantine control was eventually reestablished, but in 1185 it fell under Serbian control. By 1188, Niš became the capital of Serbian king <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nemanja" title="Stefan Nemanja">Stefan Nemanja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFine19947_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFine19947-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 July 1189, Nemanja received German emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick Barbarossa</a> and his 100,000 crusaders at Niš.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFine199424_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFine199424-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Niš is mentioned in descriptions of Serbia under <a href="/wiki/Vukan_Nemanji%C4%87_of_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vukan Nemanjić of Serbia">Vukan</a> in 1202, highlighting its special status.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFine199448_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFine199448-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1203, <a href="/wiki/Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria" title="Kaloyan of Bulgaria">Kaloyan of Bulgaria</a> annexed Niš.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFine199454_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFine199454-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Nemanji%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Stefan Nemanjić">Stefan Nemanjić</a> later regained the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_period">Ottoman period</h3></div> <p>The fall of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Empire" title="Serbian Empire">Serbian Empire</a>, which was conquered by Ottoman Sultan <a href="/wiki/Murad_I" title="Murad I">Murad I</a> in 1385, decided the fate of Niš as well. After a 25-day-long siege the city fell to the Ottomans. It was returned to Serbian rule in 1443. Niš again fell under Ottoman rule in 1448, and remained thusly for 241 years. During Ottoman rule Niš was a seat of the empire's military and civil administration. A <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesian</a> traveler stated in 1596 that the route from Sofia to Niš was littered with corpses and described the gates of Niš as bedecked with the freshly-severed heads of poor Bulgarian peasants.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1689, Niš was seized by the Austrian army during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a>, but the Ottomans regained it in 1690. In 1737, Niš was <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Ni%C5%9F_(1737)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Niş (1737) (page does not exist)">again seized by the Austrians</a>, who attempted to rebuild the fortifications around the city. The same year, the Ottomans reclaimed the city without resistance. The existing fortification is of Ottoman Turkish origin, dating from the first decades of the 18th century (1719–1723). It is well known as one of the most significant and best preserved monuments of this kind in the mid-Balkans. The Fortress was erected on the site of earlier fortifications – the ancient Roman, Byzantine, and later yet Medieval forts.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg/220px-Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg/330px-Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg/440px-Bali_Begova_Dzamija.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1411" /></a><figcaption>Bali-begova mosque</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/First_Serbian_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="First Serbian uprising">First Serbian uprising</a> in 1809, Serbian revolutionaries attempted to liberate Niš in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Cegar" title="Battle of Čegar">Battle of Čegar</a>. After the defeat of the Serbian forces, the Ottoman commander of Niš ordered the heads of the slain Serbs mounted on a tower to serve as a warning. The structure became known as <a href="/wiki/Skull_Tower" title="Skull Tower">Skull Tower</a> (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <i lang="sr">Ćele Kula</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1821, the Ottomans arrested the Bishop of Niš, Milentija, as well as 200 Serbian patriots, on charges of preparing an uprising in the Niš area in support of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a>. On June 13 of that year, Bishop Milentija and other Serbian leaders were hanged in public. </p><p>In the 19th century Niš was an important town, but populated by Bulgarians in the 19th century, when the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_rebellion_(1841)" title="Niš rebellion (1841)">Niš rebellion</a> broke out in 1841.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Ottoman statistics during the <a href="/wiki/Tanzimat" title="Tanzimat">Tanzimat</a> the population of <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Sanjak of Niš">Sanjak of Niš</a> was treated as Bulgarian,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and according to French travelers such as <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me-Adolphe_Blanqui" title="Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui">Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ami_Boue" class="mw-redirect" title="Ami Boue">Ami Boue</a> in 1837/1841. According to all authors between 1840 and 1872 the delineation between Bulgarians and Serbs is undisputed and ran north of Nis,<sup id="cite_ref-Light_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Light-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although one author Cyprien Robert claims that half of the population of the town was made up by Serbians.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serbian cartographers of the time (such as <a href="/wiki/Dimitrije_Davidovi%C4%87" title="Dimitrije Davidović">Dimitrije Davidović</a> in 1828 and <a href="/wiki/Milan_Savi%C4%87_(author)" title="Milan Savić (author)">Milan Savić</a> in 1878) also accepted <a href="/wiki/South_Morava" title="South Morava">South Morava</a> river as such delineation and added Niš outside the borders of the Serbian people.<sup id="cite_ref-Light_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Light-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1862 some Muslim families from Belgrade and Smederevo settled in Nis due to the <a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Muslims_from_Serbia_(1862)" title="Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862)">forced displacement of Muslims</a> in the Principality of Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The urban population of Niš consisted of 17,107 Christian and 4,291 Muslim males, with total number of 3,500 Serbian houses and 2,000 Muslim houses. Muslim population of Niš consisted mainly of <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a>, of which a part were of Albanian origin, and the rest were Muslim <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> and Muslim Romani.<sup id="cite_ref-Jagodić61123049_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jagodić61123049-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maynard556_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maynard556-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg/220px-Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg/330px-Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg/440px-Srbi_ulaze_u_osvojeni_Ni%C5%A1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2383" data-file-height="1262" /></a><figcaption>The Serbian army liberated Niš in the <a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Turkish_Wars_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)">Serbian–Turkish Wars</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1870, Niš was included in the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Exarchate" title="Bulgarian Exarchate">Bulgarian Exarchate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the area had been under the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Patriarchate_of_Pe%C4%87" title="Serbian Patriarchate of Peć">Serbian Patriarchate of Peć</a>. The city was also stipulated the area to be ceded to Bulgaria according to the <a href="/wiki/Constantinople_Conference" title="Constantinople Conference">Constantinople Conference</a> in 1876.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Niš was finally taken by the Serbian Army during the <a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War_(1876%E2%80%931878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1878)">Serbo–Ottoman War</a> of 1876–1878. The battle for the liberation of Niš started on 29 December 1877, and the Serbian Army entered Niš on 11 January 1878, and it became a part of Serbia. The Albanian quarter was burned and some of the town's Muslim population, which the majority were Albanians, were <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Albanians,_1877%E2%80%931878" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878">forced to flee</a> to the Ottoman <a href="/wiki/Vilayet_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilayet of Kosovo">vilayet of Kosovo</a>, resettling in <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a>, while others went to Skopje.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jagodić61123049_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jagodić61123049-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Judah35_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judah35-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maynard556_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maynard556-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The descendants of the Albanians that resettled in parts of now <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a>, are now known as <a href="/wiki/Muhaxhir" title="Muhaxhir">Muhaxhir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of remaining Muslims counted were 1,168, with many being Muslim Romani, out of the pre-war ca. 8,500.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maynard556_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maynard556-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Albanian bazaar in Niš was destroyed. 12 out of 15 mosques and about 1,300 out of 4,000 houses were torn down, while the rest of the Muslim houses were sold at discounted prices. The destruction of buildings owned by Muslims, Jews and recalcitrant Christians was followed by the widening of streets and other measures to "modernise" the town and weaken its Ottoman outlook. Albanian traders who wanted to stay were subjected to a targeted campaign of murder. The Serbian authorities subjected the Jewish community to extortion of money, arbitrary arrests, confiscation of property, forced labour and desecration of graves.<sup id="cite_ref-AMH_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMH-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The demographics of Niš underwent change whereby Serbs who formed half the urban population prior to 1878 became 80 percent in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-Stefanovic469470_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stefanovic469470-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AMH_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMH-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independent_Serbia">Independent Serbia</h3></div> <p>In the following years, the city saw rapid development. The city library was founded in 1879 and the famous Serbian writer <a href="/wiki/Stevan_Sremac" title="Stevan Sremac">Stevan Sremac</a>, a native of Niš, was its first clerk.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first hotel, <i>Europe</i>, was built in 1879; shortly after the first district hospital<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first bank started operating in 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1878, the first Grammar School (Gimnazija),<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1882 the Teacher Training College, and in 1894, the Girls' College were founded in Niš.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The City Hall was built from 1882 to 1887. </p><p>In 1883, Kosta Čendaš established the first printing house. In 1884, the first newspaper in the city <i>Niški Vesnik</i> was started.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1884, Jovan Apel built a brewery.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A railway line to Niš was built in 1884, as well as the city's railway station; on 8 August 1884, the first train arrived from Belgrade.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1885, Niš became the last station of the <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Express</a>, until the railroad was built between Niš and Sofia in 1888. In 1887, the <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Ni%C5%A1" title="National Theatre in Niš">Niš Theatre Sinđelić</a> was built.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1897 Mita Ristić founded the Nitex textile factory.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1905 the female painter <a href="/wiki/Nade%C5%BEda_Petrovi%C4%87" title="Nadežda Petrović">Nadežda Petrović</a> established the Sićevo <a href="/wiki/Art_colony" title="Art colony">art colony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first film was screened in 1897, and the first permanent cinema started operating in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hydroelectric dam in <a href="/wiki/Si%C4%87evo_Gorge" title="Sićevo Gorge">Sićevo Gorge</a> on the Nišava was built in 1908;<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the time, it was the largest in Serbia. The airfield was built in 1912 on the Trupale field, and the first aeroplane arrived on 29 December 1912. The city's museum was founded in 1913.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a>, Niš was the seat of The Main Headquarters of the Serbian Army, which led military operations against the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. In <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Niš was the wartime capital of Serbia, hosting the Government and the National Assembly, until <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> conquered Serbia in November 1915, when the city was ceded to Bulgaria.<sup id="cite_ref-chronology_59-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the breakthrough of the <a href="/wiki/Salonika_front" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonika front">Salonika front</a>, the First Serbian Army commanded by general <a href="/wiki/Petar_Bojovi%C4%87" title="Petar Bojović">Petar Bojović</a> liberated Niš on 12 October 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG/220px-Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG/330px-Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG/440px-Spomenik_kralju_aleksandru_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Monument to <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Yugoslavia" title="Alexander I of Yugoslavia">Alexander I of Yugoslavia</a>, King Alexander Square</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_the_age_and_breakup_of_Yugoslavia">During the age and breakup of Yugoslavia</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NisTramvaj1930.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/NisTramvaj1930.gif/250px-NisTramvaj1930.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/NisTramvaj1930.gif/330px-NisTramvaj1930.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/NisTramvaj1930.gif/500px-NisTramvaj1930.gif 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Tram in Niš 1930.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the first few years after the war, Niš was recovering from the damage. In 1921, Niš became the centre of the Region (oblast), governed by a grand-župan, appointed by royal decree. From 1929 to 1941, Niš was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Morava_Banovina" title="Morava Banovina">Morava Banovina</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a>. The tram system in Niš started to run in November 1930. The national airline <a href="/wiki/Aeroput" title="Aeroput">Aeroput</a> included Niš as a regular destination for the route Belgrade—Niš—Skopje—Thessaloniki in 1930. During the time of German occupation in World War II, the first Nazi <a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst_concentration_camp" title="Crveni Krst concentration camp">Crveni Krst concentration camp</a> in Yugoslavia was in Niš. About 30,000 people passed through this camp, of whom over 10,000 were shot on nearby Bubanj hill. On 12 February 1942, 147 prisoners staged a mass escape. In 1944, the city was <a href="/wiki/Allied_bombing_of_Yugoslavia_in_World_War_II" title="Allied bombing of Yugoslavia in World War II">heavily bombed by the Allies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 1943, the Germans established the Dulag 413 transit camp for <a href="/wiki/Italian_Military_Internees" title="Italian Military Internees">Italian Military Internees</a> in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 October 1944, after a long and exhausting battle, the 7th German SS Division '<a href="/wiki/7th_SS_Volunteer_Mountain_Division_Prinz_Eugen" title="7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen">Prinz Eugen</a>' was defeated and Niš was liberated by <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian Army">Bulgarian Army</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Partisans</a>. The city was also the site of a unique and accidental <a href="/wiki/Friendly_fire" title="Friendly fire">friendly fire</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_battle_over_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Air battle over Niš">air war on November 7, 1944</a> between the air forces of the United States and <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. On 23 June 1948, Niš was the site of a catastrophic flood during which the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava" title="Nišava">Nišava</a> river's water level raised by an unprecedented 5.5 meters.<sup id="cite_ref-1948p_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1948p-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After World War II, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="University of Niš">University of Niš</a> was founded on 15 June 1965. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG/250px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG/500px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_32.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Niš main square.</figcaption></figure> <p>Over the course of the <a href="/wiki/1999_NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a>, Niš was subject to airstrikes on 40 occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-NNS_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NNS-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 May 1999, the city was the site of a <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Cluster_bombing_of_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Cluster bombing of Niš">cluster bomb raid</a> which killed 16 civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-NNS_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NNS-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the NATO bombing campaign, a total of 56 people in Niš had been killed from airstrikes.<sup id="cite_ref-NNS_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NNS-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–present"><span id="2000.E2.80.93present"></span>2000–present</h3></div> <p>In April 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Russian-Serbian_Humanitarian_Center" title="Russian-Serbian Humanitarian Center">Russian-Serbian Humanitarian Center</a> was established in the city of Niš. In December 2017, a new building of <a href="/wiki/Clinical_Centre_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Clinical Centre of Niš">Clinical Centre of Niš</a> spreading over 45,000 square meters was opened.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <p>The road running from the North, from Western and Central Europe and Belgrade down to the Morava River valley, forks into two major lines at Niš: the southern line, leading to <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, and the eastern one leading towards <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suva_planina_UM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Suva_planina_UM.jpg/220px-Suva_planina_UM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Suva_planina_UM.jpg/330px-Suva_planina_UM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Suva_planina_UM.jpg/440px-Suva_planina_UM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1250" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Suva_Planina" title="Suva Planina">Suva Planina</a> (Dry Mountain) surrounds the city</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG/250px-Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG/330px-Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG/500px-Pogled_na_glavnu_ulaz_u_Ni%C5%A1ku_tvr%C4%91avu_sa_keja_Ni%C5%A1ave.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Fortress" title="Niš Fortress">Niš Fortress</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg/170px-Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg/255px-Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg/340px-Bubanj-Pesnice_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bubanj_Memorial_Park" title="Bubanj Memorial Park">Bubanj Memorial Park</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Niš is situated at the 43°19' latitude north and 21°54' longitude east, in the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava" title="Nišava">Nišava</a> valley, near the spot where it joins the <a href="/wiki/South_Morava" title="South Morava">South Morava</a>. The main city square, the city's central part, is at 194 m (636 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a>. The highest point in the city area is "Sokolov kamen" (Falcon's rock) on the <a href="/wiki/Suva_Planina" title="Suva Planina">Suva Planina (<i>Dry Mountain</i>)</a> (1,523 m (4,997 ft)) while the lowest spot is at <a href="/wiki/Trupale" title="Trupale">Trupale</a>, near the mouth of the Nišava (173 m (568 ft)). The city covers 596.71 square kilometres (230 sq mi) of five municipalities. Below Niska Banja and Nis, under the ground is a natural source of hot water, unique potential of clean and renewable geothermal energy at the surface of up to 65 square kilometers. According to some sources, the natural reservoir is at a depth of 500 to 800 meters, and the estimated capacity is about 400 million cubic meters of thermal mineral water.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <p>Niš has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a>, but with continental influences. Average annual temperature in the area of Niš is 12.4 °C (54.3 °F). July is the warmest month of the year, with an average of 23.1 °C (73.6 °F). The coldest month is January, averaging at 0.9 °C (33.6 °F). The average of the annual rainfall is 613.8 mm (24.17 in). The average <a href="/wiki/Barometer" title="Barometer">barometer</a> value is 992.74 mb. On average, there are 134 days with rain and snow cover lasts for 41 days. </p><p>Average temperatures in Niš are rising and they are about 1 °C higher in last 15 years than in period from 1991 to 2020. Number of snow days and days with frost is decreasing, since January is the only month with average lows below 0 °C.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Niš, Serbia (2010.-2024.) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C </th> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9 </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5 </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5 </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3 </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C </th> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm </th> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.5 </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.3 </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.9 </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.0 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.6 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.4 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.0 </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.1 </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.9 </td> <td style="background: #BABAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.7 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.7 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.3 </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">613.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F </th> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.7 </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.8 </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.9 </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.7 </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F </th> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.5 </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.7 </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.4 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">56.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F </th> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.9 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.4 </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.1 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">46.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches </th> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.34 </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.55 </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.16 </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.01 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.70 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.26 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.97 </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.38 </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.45 </td> <td style="background: #BABAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.80 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.31 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.22 </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weatheronline.co.uk/weather/maps/city?LANG=en&PLZ=_____&PLZN=_____&WMO=13388&CONT=euro&R=160&LEVEL=162&REGION=0005&LAND=YG&MOD=tab&ART=TEM&NOREGION=1&FMM=1&FYY=2008&LMM=12&LYY=2022">"www.weatheronline.co.uk"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=www.weatheronline.co.uk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatheronline.co.uk%2Fweather%2Fmaps%2Fcity%3FLANG%3Den%26PLZ%3D_____%26PLZN%3D_____%26WMO%3D13388%26CONT%3Deuro%26R%3D160%26LEVEL%3D162%26REGION%3D0005%26LAND%3DYG%26MOD%3Dtab%26ART%3DTEM%26NOREGION%3D1%26FMM%3D1%26FYY%3D2008%26LMM%3D12%26LYY%3D2022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Niš (1991–2020, extremes 1940–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(95.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.3<br />(104.5) </td> <td style="background: #D90000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.2<br />(111.6) </td> <td style="background: #F50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.2<br />(108.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #D90000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.2<br />(111.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(37.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.1<br />(30.0) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−23.7<br />(−10.7) </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.6<br />(−6.9) </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.2<br />(8.2) </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.6<br />(21.9) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.2<br />(28.0) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.8<br />(19.8) </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.0<br />(6.8) </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.6<br />(2.1) </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−23.7<br />(−10.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.9<br />(1.69) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(1.54) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.6<br />(1.87) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.9<br />(2.20) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.8<br />(2.75) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.6<br />(2.27) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.4<br />(1.94) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.9<br />(1.73) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.0<br />(1.93) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.8<br />(2.20) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.0<br />(1.93) </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.9<br />(2.12) </td> <td style="background: #B1FFB1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">613.8<br />(24.17) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.1 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">134.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">35.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000E5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.3 </td> <td style="background: #0505FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.3 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.0 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.0 </td> <td style="background: #0707FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64.6 </td> <td style="background: #1717FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.6 </td> <td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000FE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000E4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000D9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000CA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000F5; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #7B7B7B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.5 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.7 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.0 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">179.2 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">212.5 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">250.2 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">272.7 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275.6 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">200.6 </td> <td style="background: #C0C022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.4 </td> <td style="background: #9F9F9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.4 </td> <td style="background: #5E5E5E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51.6 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,986.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia<sup id="cite_ref-RHSS1991_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHSS1991-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RHSS1981_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHSS1981-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<sup id="cite_ref-meteoclimat_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meteoclimat-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographic history of Niš">Demographic history of Niš</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg/220px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg/330px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg/440px-%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D1%83.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4720" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Orthodox Church of Holy Emperor Constantine and Empress Helena.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg/250px-Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg/330px-Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg/500px-Sacred_Heart_Church_-_Nish.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2571" /></a><figcaption>Sacred Heart Catholic Church.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG/250px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG/500px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_19.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Islam-aga's Mosque.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG/250px-The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG/330px-The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG/500px-The_synagogue_in_Nis_0686.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The Synagogue in Niš.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population of city proper</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1878</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,801</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1884</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">16,178</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+26.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">19,877</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,573</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+23.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1948</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">47,296</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+92.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1953</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">56,589</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">78,712</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+39.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">124,264</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+57.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">157,326</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+26.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">175,649</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+11.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">175,631</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">183,164</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">178,976</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to the final results from the 2022 census, the population of city proper of Niš was 182,797,<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while its <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_and_cities_of_Serbia" title="Municipalities and cities of Serbia">administrative area</a> had a population of 260,237.<sup id="cite_ref-census_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg/170px-Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg/255px-Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg/340px-Ni%C5%A1.IMG_4885.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C4%90in%C4%91i%C4%87" title="Zoran Đinđić">Zoran Đinđić</a> Boulevard</figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Niš has 87,975 households with 2,96 members on average, while the number of homes is 119,196.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Religion structure in the city of Niš is predominantly <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serbian Orthodox</a> (240,765), with minorities like <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> (2,486), <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholics</a> (809), <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestants</a> (258), <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheists</a> (109) and others.<sup id="cite_ref-popis50_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popis50-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the population speaks <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian language</a> (249,949).<sup id="cite_ref-popis50_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popis50-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The composition of population by sex and average age:<sup id="cite_ref-popis50_79-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popis50-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Male – 126,645 (40.90 years) and</li> <li>Female – 133,592 (42.81 years).</li></ul> <p>A total of 120,562 citizens (older than 15 years) have secondary education (53.81%), while the 51,471 citizens have higher education (23.0%). Of those with higher education, 34,409 (15.4%) have university education.<sup id="cite_ref-popis51_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popis51-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_composition">Ethnic composition</h3></div> <p>The ethnic composition of the city of Niš:<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Demographics of Niš </th></tr> <tr> <th>Ethnic group </th> <th>City </th> <th>Urban </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a></td> <td align="right">243,381</td> <td align="right">174,225 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Serbia" title="Romani people in Serbia">Romani</a></td> <td align="right">6,996</td> <td align="right">5,490 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Montenegrins_of_Serbia" title="Montenegrins of Serbia">Montenegrins</a></td> <td align="right">659</td> <td align="right">579 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians_in_Serbia" title="Bulgarians in Serbia">Bulgarians</a></td> <td align="right">927</td> <td align="right">741 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs_in_Serbia" title="Yugoslavs in Serbia">Yugoslavs</a></td> <td align="right">202</td> <td align="right">202 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;"><a href="/wiki/Croats_of_Serbia" title="Croats of Serbia">Croats</a></td> <td align="right">398</td> <td align="right">344 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F5F5DC;">Others</td> <td align="right">7,674</td> <td align="right">1,963 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0;"><b>Total</b></td> <td align="right">260,237</td> <td align="right">183,544 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="5"><div class="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_Municipalities.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Nis_Municipalities.png/330px-Nis_Municipalities.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Nis_Municipalities.png 1.5x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="294" /></a></span> <p>The city of Niš consists of five municipalities. The first four municipalities are in the urban area of Niš, while <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a> is a suburban municipality. Before 2002, the city of Niš had only two municipalities, one of them named "Niš" and another named "Niška Banja". </p><p>The city of Niš includes further neighborhoods: </p> </div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; font-weight:bold;"> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Medijana" title="Medijana">Medijana</a></b>    </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Palilula,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Palilula, Niš">Palilula</a></b>    </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Pantelej,_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantelej, Niš">Pantelej</a></b>    </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crveni Krst, Niš">Crveni Krst</a></b>    </th> <th><b><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a></b>    </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Center_Nis" class="mw-redirect" title="Center Nis">Center</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palilula_neighbourhood,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Palilula neighbourhood, Niš">Palilula</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pantelej_neighbourhood,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Pantelej neighbourhood, Niš">Pantelej</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crveni Krst, Niš">Crveni Krst</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Marger" title="Marger">Marger</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Staro_Groblje_Nis" class="mw-redirect" title="Staro Groblje Nis">Staro Groblje</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jagodin_Mala" title="Jagodin Mala">Jagodin Mala</a> (partly) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beograd_Mala" title="Beograd Mala">Beograd Mala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla_(Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikola Tesla (Niška Banja)">Nikola Tesla</a> (broj 6) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Trg_Kralja_Aleksandra" title="Trg Kralja Aleksandra">Trg Kralja Aleksandra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Crni_put,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crni put, Niš">Crni put</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Durlan_Nis" class="mw-redirect" title="Durlan Nis">Durlan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jagodin_Mala" title="Jagodin Mala">Jagodin Mala</a> (partly) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jela%C5%A1nica,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Jelašnica, Niška Banja">Jelašnica</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Kičevo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bubanj" title="Bubanj">Bubanj</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Komren" title="Komren">Komren</a> (partly) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Komren" title="Komren">Komren</a> (mostly) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Si%C4%87evo_Gorge" title="Sićevo Gorge">Sićevo</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Čair </td> <td>Ledena Stena </td> <td>Čalije </td> <td>Šljaka </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ostrovica_(Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ostrovica (Niška Banja)">Ostrovica</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulevar_Nemanji%C4%87a" title="Bulevar Nemanjića">Bulevar Nemanjića</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suvi_Do_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Suvi Do (Niš)">Suvi Do</a> </td> <td>Somborski bulevar </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medo%C5%A1evac_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Medoševac (Niš)">Medoševac</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prva_Kutina" title="Prva Kutina">Prva Kutina</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Bulevar Djindjica </td> <td>Apelovac </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donja_Vre%C5%BEina" title="Donja Vrežina">Vrežina</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ratko_Jovi%C4%87,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Ratko Jović, Niš">Ratko Jović</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radikina_Bara" title="Radikina Bara">Radikina Bara</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Medijana </td> <td>Kovanluk </td> <td>Branko Bjegović </td> <td>Stevan Sindjelić </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prosek_(Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosek (Niška Banja)">Prosek</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Trošarina </td> <td>Tutunović Podrum </td> <td>Podvinik </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukljenik_(Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja)" class="mw-redirect" title="Čukljenik (Niška Banja)">Čukljenik</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Duvanište </td> <td>Kalač Brdo </td> <td>Beverli Hils </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donja_Studena" title="Donja Studena">Donja</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gornja_Studena" title="Gornja Studena">Gornja Studena</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Brzi_Brod" title="Brzi Brod">Brzi Brod</a> </td> <td>Gabrovačka reka </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <p>The city of Niš is the administrative, industrial, commercial, financial and cultural center of the south-eastern part of Republic of Serbia. The position of Niš is strategically important, at the intersection of European highway and railway networks connecting Europe with Asia. Niš is easily accessible, having an airport – <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Constantine_the_Great_Airport" title="Niš Constantine the Great Airport">Niš Constantine the Great Airport</a> and being a point of intersection of numerous railroad and highway lines. </p><p>It is in Niš that the trunk road running from the north down the <a href="/wiki/Great_Morava" title="Great Morava">Morava River</a> valley forks into two major lines: </p> <ul><li>the south one, leading to <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, along the <a href="/wiki/Vardar" title="Vardar">Vardar</a> River valley,</li> <li>and the east one, running along the <a href="/wiki/Nisava" class="mw-redirect" title="Nisava">Nišava</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Maritsa" title="Maritsa">Marica</a>, leading towards Sofia and Istanbul, and further on, towards the Near East.</li></ul> <p>These roads have been widely known from ancient times, because they represented the beaten tracks along which peoples, goods and armies moved. Known as 'Via Militaris' in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> periods, or 'Constantinople road' in Middle Ages, these roads still represent major European traffic arteries. Niš thus stands at a point of intersection of the roads connecting Asia Minor to Europe, and the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> to the Mediterranean. Nis had been a relatively developed city in the former Yugoslavia. In 1981, its GDP per capita was 110% of the Yugoslav average.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of September 2017, Niš has one of 14 <a href="/wiki/Free_economic_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Free economic zone">free economic zones</a> established in Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-srbeconomiczone2017_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-srbeconomiczone2017-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Economic preview</b><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg/220px-Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg/330px-Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg/440px-Saborna_crkva_april_2012a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2492" data-file-height="2804" /></a><figcaption>Cathedral of <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Holy Trinity</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ni%C5%A1ava_River,_Ni%C5%A1,_Serbia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/220px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/330px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg/440px-Ni%C5%A1ava_River%2C_Ni%C5%A1%2C_Serbia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2876" data-file-height="1900" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava" title="Nišava">Nišava</a> river.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG/220px-Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG/330px-Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG/440px-Kazandzijsko_Nis.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tinkers_Alley" title="Tinkers Alley">Tinkers Alley</a>, old urban downtown built in the first half of the 18th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2022):<sup id="cite_ref-stats2023_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats2023-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Activity </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>Agriculture, forestry and fishing</td> <td align="right">184 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mining and quarrying</td> <td align="right">44 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Manufacturing</td> <td align="right">23,556 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply</td> <td align="right">977 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities</td> <td align="right">2,149 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Construction</td> <td align="right">3,394 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles</td> <td align="right">14,604 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Transportation and storage</td> <td align="right">5,183 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Accommodation and food services</td> <td align="right">3,560 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Information and communication</td> <td align="right">4,992 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Financial and insurance activities</td> <td align="right">1,539 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Real estate activities</td> <td align="right">319 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Professional, scientific and technical activities</td> <td align="right">4,286 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Administrative and support service activities</td> <td align="right">2,393 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Public administration and defense; compulsory social security</td> <td align="right">3,974 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education</td> <td align="right">7,478 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Human health and social work activities</td> <td align="right">7,993 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Arts, entertainment and recreation</td> <td align="right">1,382 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other service activities</td> <td align="right">1,714 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Individual agricultural workers</td> <td align="right">65 </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td><b>Total</b></td> <td align="right"><b>89,785</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Companies">Companies</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_forum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nis_forum.JPG/220px-Nis_forum.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nis_forum.JPG/330px-Nis_forum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nis_forum.JPG/440px-Nis_forum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Niš Forum shopping centre</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg/220px-TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg/330px-TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg/440px-TC_Kal%C4%8Da.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3258" data-file-height="1358" /></a><figcaption>Business center Kalča</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG/440px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_09.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="University of Niš">University of Niš</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Niš is one of the most important industrial centers in Serbia, well known for its tobacco, electronics, construction, mechanical-engineering, textile, nonferrous-metal, food-processing and rubber-goods industries. </p><p>Among the manufacturing companies which had a huge impact during the second half of the 20th century on Niš's development are: <a href="/wiki/EI_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="EI Niš">EI Niš</a> (electronics industry), <a href="/wiki/Ma%C5%A1inska_Industrija_Ni%C5%A1" title="Mašinska Industrija Niš">Mechanical Industry Niš</a>, "Građevinar" (construction company), <a href="/wiki/Philip_Morris_Operations" title="Philip Morris Operations">Niš Tobacco Factory</a>, "Nitex – Niš" (textile industry), "Niš Brewery" (beverages) and "Žitopek" (bakery). Other prominent companies which went bankrupt during the 1990s and 2000s are: "Vulkan" (rubber-goods manufacturer), "NISSAL" (nonferrous-metal industry). </p><p>Prominent tobacco manufacturer "Niš Tobacco Factory" was sold to <a href="/wiki/Philip_Morris_International" title="Philip Morris International">Philip Morris</a> in August 2003 for 518 million euros, while Nitex was sold to <a href="/wiki/Benetton_Group" title="Benetton Group">Benetton Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-filipmoris2003_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-filipmoris2003-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Micro-Electronics,_Inc." title="Integrated Micro-Electronics, Inc.">Integrated Micro-Electronics, Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yura_Corporation_d.o.o." title="Yura Corporation d.o.o.">Yura Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zumtobel_Group" title="Zumtobel Group">Zumtobel Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Electric" title="Johnson Electric">Johnson Electric</a> and Shinwon opened their plants in Niš. Currently, Chinese manufacturer, Xingyu automotive systems, is building its factory. </p><p>In former Electronic and Mechanical Industry complexes, many smaller manufacturers opened their plants. </p><p>In 2019, companies with highest operating income were <a href="/wiki/Philip_Morris_International" title="Philip Morris International">Philip Morris International</a>, with over 190,000,000 Euros and <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Electric" title="Johnson Electric">Johnson Electric</a> with over 140,000,000 Euros.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:710px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Science and Technology Park"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg/700px-Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg" decoding="async" width="700" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg/1050px-Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg/1400px-Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5648" data-file-height="2480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Science_technology_parc_Nis.IMG_4975.jpg" title="File:Science technology parc Nis.IMG 4975.jpg"> </a></div>Science and Technology Park</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2></div> <p>Niš is strategically between the <a href="/wiki/Morava_(river)" title="Morava (river)">Morava</a> river valley in North and the <a href="/wiki/Vardar" title="Vardar">Vardar</a> river valley in the south, on the main route between Greece and Central Europe. In the Niš area, this major transportation and communication route is linked with the natural corridor formed by the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava" title="Nišava">Nišava</a> river valley, which runs Eastwards in the direction of <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. The city has been a passing station for the <a href="/wiki/Orient_Express" title="Orient Express">Orient Express</a>. </p><p>The first highways date back to the 1950s when Niš was linked with capital Belgrade through the <a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_Unity_Highway" title="Brotherhood and Unity Highway">Brotherhood and Unity Highway</a>, the first in Southeastern Europe. </p><p>Historically, because of its location, the city had always great importance in the region. The first to take advantage of it was the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> that built the important road <a href="/wiki/Via_Militaris" title="Via Militaris">Via Militaris</a>, linking the city with <i>Singidunum</i> (current Belgrade) to the North and <i>Constantinople</i> (current Istanbul) to the southeast. Nowadays, the city is connected by the highway <a href="/wiki/E75_in_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="E75 in Serbia">E75</a> with Belgrade and Central Europe in north, and <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> in the south. The road <a href="/wiki/European_route_E80" title="European route E80">E80</a> connects Niš with Sofia, Istanbul towards the Middle East, and <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> to the West. The road <a href="/w/index.php?title=E771&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E771 (page does not exist)">E771</a> connects the city with <a href="/wiki/Zaje%C4%8Dar" title="Zaječar">Zaječar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kladovo" title="Kladovo">Kladovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drobeta-Turnu_Severin" title="Drobeta-Turnu Severin">Drobeta-Turnu Severin</a> in Romania. </p><p>The city is also a major regional railway junction linking Serbia to Sofia and Istanbul. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Constantine_the_Great_Airport" title="Niš Constantine the Great Airport">Niš Constantine the Great Airport</a> is the second most important airport in Serbia. The first airfield serving the city of Niš was established in 1910, near the village of <a href="/wiki/Donje_Me%C4%91urovo" title="Donje Međurovo">Donje Međurovo</a>. In the 1930s then-national airline company <a href="/wiki/Aeroput" title="Aeroput">Aeroput</a> used the airport for civil service. In 1935 Aeroput included a stop in Niš in its route linking Belgrade with Skoplje.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The city public transportation consists nowadays of 13 bus lines. A tram system existed in Niš between 1930 and 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Bus_Station" title="Niš Bus Station">Niš Bus Station</a> is the city's largest and main bus station which offers both local urban and intercity transport to international destinations. The largest intercity bus carrier based in the city is <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1-Ekspres" title="Niš-Ekspres">Niš-Ekspres</a>, which operates to various cities and villages in <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 224.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 222.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_Airport_new_terminal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niš Constantine the Great Airport"><img alt="Niš Constantine the Great Airport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Nis_Airport_new_terminal.jpg/500px-Nis_Airport_new_terminal.jpg" decoding="async" width="223" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Nis_Airport_new_terminal.jpg/960px-Nis_Airport_new_terminal.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2039" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Constantine_the_Great_Airport" title="Niš Constantine the Great Airport">Niš Constantine the Great Airport</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central Bus Station"><img alt="Central Bus Station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg/338px-Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg/508px-Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg/676px-Nis_Express_buses_in_Nish_Serbia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Central Bus Station</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 274px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 272px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ni%C5%A1_railway_station_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Main Railway Station"><img alt="Main Railway Station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ni%C5%A1_railway_station_2.JPG/500px-Ni%C5%A1_railway_station_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="272" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Ni%C5%A1_railway_station_2.JPG/960px-Ni%C5%A1_railway_station_2.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="3234" data-file-height="1786" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Main Railway Station</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Serbia" title="Culture of Serbia">Culture of Serbia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GSLUN_Srbija.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/GSLUN_Srbija.JPG/220px-GSLUN_Srbija.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/GSLUN_Srbija.JPG/330px-GSLUN_Srbija.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/GSLUN_Srbija.JPG/440px-GSLUN_Srbija.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Gallery of Contemporary Fine Arts</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg/220px-Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg/330px-Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg/440px-Oficirski_dom_Ni%C5%A1.2016.2.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Officers' Club Exhibition Space</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG/220px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG/330px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG/440px-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88_30.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Ni%C5%A1" title="National Theatre in Niš">National Theatre in Niš</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Niš is a home of the <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_in_Ni%C5%A1" title="National Theatre in Niš">National Theatre in Niš</a>, that was founded as <a href="/wiki/%22Sin%C4%91eli%C4%87%22_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title=""Sinđelić" Theatre">"Sinđelić" Theatre</a> in 1889. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg/220px-INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg/330px-INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg/440px-INisville_Jazz_Museum.MG_3723.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Nisville Jazz Museum</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Irie_FM,_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg/250px-Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg/330px-Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg/500px-Irie_FM%2C_Pozitivni_festival_NIs_2018._03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Positive Festival</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1981 Niš is the host of <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ville" title="Nišville">Nišville</a> International Jazz music festival which begins in mid-August and lasts for 4 days. <a href="/wiki/Galija" title="Galija">Galija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerber_(band)" title="Kerber (band)">Kerber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eyot_(band)" title="Eyot (band)">Eyot</a> are considered the most notable music bands to have originated from Niš. Other notable Niš music acts include <a href="/wiki/Daltoni" title="Daltoni">Daltoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dobri_Isak" title="Dobri Isak">Dobri Isak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lutaju%C4%87a_Srca" title="Lutajuća Srca">Lutajuća Srca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mama_Rock_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mama Rock (band)">Mama Rock</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hazari_(band)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hazari (band) (page does not exist)">Hazari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novembar" title="Novembar">Novembar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trivalia" title="Trivalia">Trivalia</a> and others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourist_sites">Tourist sites</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg/250px-Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg/330px-Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg/500px-Klini%C4%8Dki_centar_Ni%C5%A1_4348.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>New part of <a href="/wiki/Clinical_Centre_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Clinical Centre of Niš">Clinical Centre of Niš</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filmski_susreti.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Filmski_susreti.JPG/220px-Filmski_susreti.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Filmski_susreti.JPG/330px-Filmski_susreti.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Filmski_susreti.JPG/440px-Filmski_susreti.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1337" /></a><figcaption>The Film Festival – a Festival of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian_actors" title="List of Serbian actors">Serbian Actors</a> held since 1966.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cegar" title="Čegar">Čegar</a> – The place where the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Cegar" title="Battle of Čegar">Battle of Čegar</a> took place on 19 May 1809.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst_concentration_camp" title="Crveni Krst concentration camp">Crveni Krst concentration camp</a> – One of the few preserved <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> concentration camps in Europe. It is on <b>February 12 Boulevard</b>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Memorial to Constantine the Great</a> – built in the city centre in 2013, in commemoration to <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> who was born in the city, on the anniversary of the Edict of Milan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubanj" title="Bubanj">Bubanj</a> – Monument to fallen Yugoslav World War II fighters, forming the shape of three clenched fists. The place where 10,000 civilian hostages from Niš and south Serbia were brutally murdered by German Nazis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kal%C4%8Da" title="Kalča">Kalča</a>, City passage and Gorča – Trade centers situated in Milana Obrenovića Street.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Chapel_(Ni%C5%A1)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Chapel (Niš)">Memorial Chapel</a> in the memory of <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <a href="/wiki/Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing">bombing</a> victims – The chapel was built by local authorities while the monument was built by the State government in 1999. They are situated in Sumatovacka street near <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Fortress" title="Niš Fortress">Niš Fortress</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1_Fortress" title="Niš Fortress">Niš Fortress</a> – The remaining fortification was built by the Turks, and dates from the first decades of the 18th century (1719–23). It is situated in the city center.</li> <li>The fortress-cafes – They are situated near Stambol gate (the main gate of the fortress).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediana" title="Mediana">Mediana</a> – Archeological site, an Imperial villa, from the late <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman period</a> on the road leading to <a href="/wiki/Sofia,_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Sofia, Bulgaria">Sofia, Bulgaria</a>, near EI Nis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a> (Niš spa) – A very popular spa during the summer season. It is 10 km (6 mi) from city center on the road leading to <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, in the bottom of <a href="/wiki/Suva_Planina" title="Suva Planina">Suva Planina</a> Mountain.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinkers_Alley" title="Tinkers Alley">Tinkers Alley</a> – An old urban downtown zone in today's Kopitareva Street, built in the first half of the 18th century. It was a street full of tinkers and other craftsmen, but today it is packed with cafes and restaurants.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skull_Tower" title="Skull Tower">Skull Tower</a> (<i>Ćele Kula</i>) – A monument to the Serbian revolutionaries (1804–13); a tower made out of skulls of Serbian uprisers, killed and decapitated by the Ottomans. It is situated on <a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C4%90in%C4%91i%C4%87" title="Zoran Đinđić">Zoran Đinđić</a> Boulevard, on the old <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> road leading to Sofia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultans_Trail" title="Sultans Trail">Sultans Trail</a> Long-distance hiking and biking route from Vienna to İstanbul runs through Niš.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture_and_monuments">Architecture and monuments</h3></div> <p>Buildings in Niš are constantly being built. Niš is the second city in Serbia after <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> by number of high-rises.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Ambasador_Hotel" title="Ambasador Hotel">The Ambassador Hotel</a> is one of the tallest buildings in Niš, but there are also other buildings like TV5 Tower. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG/220px-Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG/330px-Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG/440px-Sportska_hala_%C4%8Cair.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cair_Sports_Center" title="Čair Sports Center">Čair Sports Center</a> hosted the group stage of <a href="/wiki/2012_European_Men%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2012 European Men's Handball Championship">2012 European Men's Handball Championship</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg/220px-Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg/330px-Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg/440px-Stadion_cair_atrajkovic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cair_Stadium" title="Čair Stadium">Čair Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The city of Niš is home to numerous sport clubs including <a href="/wiki/Radni%C4%8Dki_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Radnički Niš">Radnički Niš</a>, <a href="/wiki/RK_%C5%BDelezni%C4%8Dar_1949" title="RK Železničar 1949">RK Železničar 1949</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDFK_Ma%C5%A1inac_PZP_Ni%C5%A1" title="ŽFK Mašinac PZP Niš">Mašinac</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDRK_Naisa" title="ŽRK Naisa">ŽRK Naisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/OK_Ni%C5%A1" title="OK Niš">OK Niš</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDFK_Ma%C5%A1inac_PZP_Ni%C5%A1" title="ŽFK Mašinac PZP Niš">Mašinac</a>, <a href="/wiki/FK_Sin%C4%91eli%C4%87_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="FK Sinđelić Niš">Sinđelić Niš</a> etc. </p><p>The biggest stadium in Niš is the <a href="/wiki/Stadion_%C4%8Cair" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion Čair">Stadion Čair</a>, with a total seating-capacity of 18,151 after renovations.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stadium is part of the Čair Sports Complex that also includes an indoor swimming pool and an <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cair_Sports_Center" title="Čair Sports Center">indoor arena</a>. Niš was one of four towns which hosting the <a href="/wiki/2012_European_Men%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2012 European Men's Handball Championship">2012 European Men's Handball Championship</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2></div> <p>The people listed below were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with the city of Niš, and its surrounding metropolitan area. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantius I">Constantius I</a>, Roman Emperor, father of Constantine I</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine I">Constantine I</a>, the great, (Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus) – ruled 306 to 337</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_III" title="Constantius III">Constantius III</a>, (Flavius Constantius) – ruled 421</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a>, (Flavius Iustinus) – ruled 518 to 527</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikephoros_Lykaon" title="Nikephoros Lykaon">Nikephoros Lykaon</a> protospatharios c. 1050</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Sin%C4%91eli%C4%87" title="Stevan Sinđelić">Stevan Sinđelić</a>, war leader (<a href="/wiki/Vojvoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Vojvoda">vojvoda</a>), died in 1809 in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C4%8Cegar" title="Battle of Čegar">Battle of Čegar</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Sremac" title="Stevan Sremac">Stevan Sremac</a> (1855–1906), writer, came to Niš shortly after its liberation from the Turkish rule; wrote about life in old Niš (<i>Ivkova slava</i>, <i>Zona Zamfirova</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Uzunovi%C4%87" title="Nikola Uzunović">Nikola Uzunović</a>, (b. 1873), prime minister of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a> from 1926 to 1927.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulina_Lebl-Albala" title="Paulina Lebl-Albala">Paulina Lebl-Albala</a> (1891-1967), feminist and professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragi%C5%A1a_Cvetkovi%C4%87" title="Dragiša Cvetković">Dragiša Cvetković</a>, (1893–1969), prime minister of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom of Yugoslavia</a> from 1939 to 1941.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetislav_Milosavljevi%C4%87" title="Svetislav Milosavljević">Svetislav Milosavljević</a>, (1882–1960), a Yugoslav army general and first Ban of <a href="/wiki/Vrbas_Banovina" title="Vrbas Banovina">Vrbas Banovina</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_Radovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Dušan Radović">Dušan Radović</a>, (1922–84), journalist and writer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_%C4%8Ckrebi%C4%87" title="Dušan Čkrebić">Dušan Čkrebić</a>, (b. 1927), President(1984–1986) and Prime Minister(1978–1982) of <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">SR Serbia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiridon_(patriarch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiridon (patriarch)">Spiridon</a>, (?–1389), Patriarch of <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Patriarchate_of_Pe%C4%87" title="Serbian Patriarchate of Peć">Serbian Patriarchate of Peć</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irinej,_Serbian_Patriarch" title="Irinej, Serbian Patriarch">Irinej</a> (1930–2020), <a href="/wiki/Serbian_patriarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian patriarch">Serbian patriarch</a> (2010–2020) and <a href="/wiki/Eparchy_of_Ni%C5%A1" title="Eparchy of Niš">Bishop of Niš</a> (1975–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadja_Regin" title="Nadja Regin">Nadja Regin</a>, (1931–2019), Serbian and British actress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predrag_Antonijevi%C4%87" title="Predrag Antonijević">Predrag Antonijević</a>, (b. 1959), film director.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Miljkovi%C4%87" title="Branko Miljković">Branko Miljković</a> (1934–61), poet.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratislav_Anastasijevi%C4%87" title="Bratislav Anastasijević">Bratislav Anastasijević</a> (1936–1992), musician, conductor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0aban_Bajramovi%C4%87" title="Šaban Bajramović">Šaban Bajramović</a> (1936–2008), <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a> singer and composer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornelije_Kova%C4%8D" title="Kornelije Kovač">Kornelije Kovač</a> (1942–2022), rock musician and composer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goran_Paskaljevi%C4%87" title="Goran Paskaljević">Goran Paskaljević</a> (1947–2020), movie director; raised by his grandparents in Niš 1949–63, after the divorce of his parents.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragan_Panteli%C4%87" title="Dragan Pantelić">Dragan Pantelić</a> (b. 1951), former football goalkeeper, president of <a href="/wiki/Radni%C4%8Dki_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Radnički Niš">Radnički Niš</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Haljecka_Petkovi%C4%87" title="Eva Haljecka Petković">Eva Haljecka Petković</a> (1870–1947), doctor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predrag_Mileti%C4%87" title="Predrag Miletić">Predrag Miletić</a> (b. 1952), actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miki_Manojlovi%C4%87" title="Miki Manojlović">Miki Manojlović</a> (b. 1950), actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C5%BDivkovi%C4%87_(handball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoran Živković (handball)">Zoran Živković</a> (b. 1954), handball player and coach, Olympic champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenad_Milosavljevi%C4%87" title="Nenad Milosavljević">Nenad Milosavljević</a> (b. 1954), rock musician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aki_Rahimovski" title="Aki Rahimovski">Aki Rahimovski</a> (1955–2022), rock musician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biljana_Krsti%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Biljana Krstić">Biljana Krstić</a> (b. 1959), rock and traditional music singer and songwriter.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_Stani%C4%87" title="Ana Stanić">Ana Stanić</a> (b. 1975), Serbian pop-rock singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C5%BDivkovi%C4%87_(politician)" title="Zoran Živković (politician)">Zoran Živković</a> (b. 1960), politician, a former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia" title="Prime Minister of Serbia">Prime Minister of Serbia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_%C4%86iri%C4%87" title="Zoran Ćirić">Zoran Ćirić</a> (b. 1962), writer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_%C5%A0o%C5%A1tar" title="Aleksandar Šoštar">Aleksandar Šoštar</a> (b. 1964), water polo goalkeeper, Olympic, World and European champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragan_Stojkovi%C4%87" title="Dragan Stojković">Dragan Stojković</a> (b. 1965), football player, Olympic bronze medalist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lidija_Mihajlovi%C4%87" title="Lidija Mihajlović">Lidija Mihajlović</a> (b. 1968), shooting champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branislava_Ili%C4%87" title="Branislava Ilić">Branislava Ilić</a> (b. 1970), playwright, screenwriter, prose writer, essayist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Miljkovi%C4%87" title="Ivan Miljković">Ivan Miljković</a> (b. 1979), volleyball player, Olympic and European champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bojana_Popovi%C4%87" title="Bojana Popović">Bojana Popović</a> (b. 1979), Montenegrin handball player, Olympic silver medalist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Karabati%C4%87" title="Nikola Karabatić">Nikola Karabatić</a> (b. 1984), French handball player, Olympic, World and European champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemanja_Radulovi%C4%87" title="Nemanja Radulović">Nemanja Radulović</a> (b. 1985), violinist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kosti%C4%87_(footballer,_born_1989)" title="Ivan Kostić (footballer, born 1989)">Ivan Kostic</a> (b. 1989), footballer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Jovi%C4%87" title="Stefan Jović">Stefan Jović</a> (b. 1990), basketball player, Olympic, World Cup, and EuroBasket silver medalist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sava_Ran%C4%91elovi%C4%87" title="Sava Ranđelović">Sava Ranđelović</a> (b. 1993), water polo player, Olympic, World and European champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrija_%C5%BDivkovi%C4%87" title="Andrija Živković">Andrija Živković</a> (b. 1996), footballer, U-20 World champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sta%C5%A1a_Gejo" title="Staša Gejo">Staša Gejo</a> (b. 1997), sport climber, World and European champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemanja_Radonji%C4%87" title="Nemanja Radonjić">Nemanja Radonjić</a> (b. 1996), footballer, Serbian champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Sinas" title="Georgios Sinas">Georgios Sinas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: Γεώργιος Σίνας, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i>Georg Sina</i>; 20 November 1783 – 18 May 1856) was an Austrian-Greek entrepreneur and banker. He became a national benefactor of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, he was born in Niš.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diplomatic_missions">Diplomatic missions</h2></div> <p>The city of Niš, after Belgrade, has the largest diplomatic corps in Serbia. Bulgaria has General Consulate in Niš. Until 2010, there was also a Consulate General of Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diplomatic agreements were given to five prominent citizens of Niš, who acquired the title of honorary consul. The United Kingdom, Hungary, France, Slovakia and Austria have chosen Nis as their honorary consuls, appreciating their commitment and contribution to strengthening ties and cooperation in various fields with these countries.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_Consulates">General Consulates</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> <i>(to be opened, as of 2022)</i><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_consulates">Honorary consulates</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_media">Local media</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <p><b>Online newspaper:</b> </p> <ul><li>Narodne novine "Народне новине"<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Serbian)</span></li> <li>Južne vesti (Southern news)<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Serbian)</span></li></ul> <p><b>Online radio stations:</b> </p> <ul><li>Internet.Radio.Magazin Super radio<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in Serbian)</span></li></ul> <p><b>Radio stations:</b> </p> <ul><li>Baltazar radio (90.5) (renamed to Radio Jat (90.5))</li> <li>Banker radio (98.3)<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>City radio (99.9)<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Radio Nišava (104.0)<sup id="cite_ref-nisava.org_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nisava.org-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in <a href="/wiki/Roma_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma language">Romany</a>)</li> <li>Radio Belle Amie (95.6)<sup id="cite_ref-belami.rs_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belami.rs-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Radio Belle Amie Folk Kanal (98.7/100.7) (closed)</li> <li>Radio Seven (88.8)</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <p><b>TV stations:</b> </p> <ul><li>Banker TV<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>TV 5<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (closed)</li> <li>BelleAmie TV<sup id="cite_ref-belami.rs_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belami.rs-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>TV Nais</li> <li>RTV Nišava<sup id="cite_ref-nisava.org_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nisava.org-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (in Romany)</li> <li>Čair (in Romany) (closed)</li> <li>NTV Media Niš<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Art TV</li> <li>Puls TV (closed)</li> <li>Kopernikus Televizija<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Serbia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Serbia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3></div> <p>Niš is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with the following cities, according to their City Hall website:<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kassandra,_Chalkidiki" title="Kassandra, Chalkidiki">Kassandra</a>, Greece<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sparti_(municipality)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sparti (municipality)">Sparta</a>, Greece<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Glyfada" title="Glyfada">Glyfada</a>, Greece<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maroussi" class="mw-redirect" title="Maroussi">Maroussi</a>, Greece<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Alimos" title="Alimos">Alimos</a>, Greece<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo" title="Veliko Tarnovo">Veliko Tarnovo</a>, Bulgaria<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a>, Slovakia<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Košice_twinnings_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Košice_twinnings-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a>, Russia<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/60px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saltdal_Municipality" title="Saltdal Municipality">Saltdal</a>, Norway<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bad_Homburg" title="Bad Homburg">Bad Homburg</a>, Germany<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dno_Sarajevo" title="Istočno Sarajevo">Istočno Sarajevo</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_forms_of_cooperation_and_city_friendship">Other forms of cooperation and city friendship</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, Austria<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a>, Austria<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, Spain<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a>, Ohio, United States<sup id="cite_ref-twin_105-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twin-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam-aga%27s_Mosque" title="Islam-aga's Mosque">Islam-aga's Mosque</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFProtić" class="citation book cs1">Protić, Stojan. <i>Niš-Second Capital</i>. Niš: Prosveta.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ni%C5%A1-Second+Capital&rft.place=Ni%C5%A1&rft.pub=Prosveta&rft.aulast=Proti%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Stojan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/en/Zip/OG2006webE.zip">"Municipalities of Serbia, 2006"</a>. Statistical Office of Serbia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Municipalities+of+Serbia%2C+2006&rft.pub=Statistical+Office+of+Serbia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebrzs.stat.gov.rs%2Faxd%2Fen%2FZip%2FOG2006webE.zip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/Popis2011/Knjiga20.pdf">"2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-109-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-86-6161-109-4"><bdi>978-86-6161-109-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=50174">the original</a> on 10 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moderate+Patriarch+Sets+New+Course+for+Serb+Church&rft.pub=IPS+News&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fipsnews.net%2Fnews.asp%3Fidnews%3D50174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Данчо Господинов и кол. (2003) История на града Лом и Ломска околия. Изток-Запад, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789548945691" title="Special:BookSources/9789548945691">9789548945691</a>, стр. 387.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mišić-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mišić_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mišić_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMišić2010" class="citation book cs1">Mišić, Siniša, ed. (2010). <i>Leksikon gradova i trgova srednjovekovnih srpskih zemalja — prema pisanim izvorima</i> [<i>Lexicon of towns and market places in the medieval Serbian lands — according to written sources</i>]. Belgrade: Zavod. p. 188.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leksikon+gradova+i+trgova+srednjovekovnih+srpskih+zemalja+%E2%80%94+prema+pisanim+izvorima&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pages=188&rft.pub=Zavod&rft.date=2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Detelić-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Detelić_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Detelić_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Detelić_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Detelić_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDetelić2007" class="citation book cs1">Detelić, Mirjana (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dk0WAQAAIAAJ"><i>Epski gradovi. Leksikon</i></a> [<i>Epic Cities. A lexicon</i>]. Belgrade: Balkanološkog instituta SANU. p. 289. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788671790406" title="Special:BookSources/9788671790406"><bdi>9788671790406</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Epski+gradovi.+Leksikon&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pages=289&rft.pub=Balkanolo%C5%A1kog+instituta+SANU&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9788671790406&rft.aulast=Deteli%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Mirjana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddk0WAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGenişMaynard2009">Geniş & Maynard 2009</a>, p. 557</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRusakov2017" class="citation book cs1">Rusakov, Alexander (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8i0lDwAAQBAJ">"Albanian"</a>. In Kapović, Mate; Giacalone Ramat, Anna; Ramat, Paolo (eds.). <i>The Indo-European Languages</i>. Routledge. p. 556. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317391531" title="Special:BookSources/9781317391531"><bdi>9781317391531</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albanian&rft.btitle=The+Indo-European+Languages&rft.pages=556&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781317391531&rft.aulast=Rusakov&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8i0lDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCurtis2012" class="citation thesis cs1">Curtis, Matthew Cowan (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230207075619/https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=osu1338406907"><i>Slavic-Albanian Language Contact, Convergence, and Coexistence</i></a> (Thesis). The Ohio State University. p. 42. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=osu1338406907">the original</a> on 7 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Slavic-Albanian+Language+Contact%2C+Convergence%2C+and+Coexistence&rft.inst=The+Ohio+State+University&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=Matthew+Cowan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetd.ohiolink.edu%2Fapexprod%2Frws_etd%2Fsend_file%2Fsend%3Faccession%3Dosu1338406907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrendergast2017" class="citation thesis cs1">Prendergast, Eric (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nk454x6"><i>The Origin and Spread of Locative Determiner Omission in the Balkan Linguistic Area</i></a> (Thesis). UC Berkeley. p. 80.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Origin+and+Spread+of+Locative+Determiner+Omission+in+the+Balkan+Linguistic+Area&rft.inst=UC+Berkeley&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Prendergast&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fuc%2Fitem%2F7nk454x6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVermeer1992" class="citation book cs1">Vermeer, Williem (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jfWpy1D3StAC&pg=PA107"><i>The Disintegration of Yugoslavia</i></a>. European Studies. Rodopi. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5183-353-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5183-353-9"><bdi>978-90-5183-353-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Disintegration+of+Yugoslavia&rft.series=European+Studies&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-90-5183-353-9&rft.aulast=Vermeer&rft.aufirst=Williem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjfWpy1D3StAC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKatičić1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Radoslav_Kati%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Radoslav Katičić">Katičić, Radoslav</a> (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=T8ZhAAAAMAAJ"><i>Ancient Languages of the Balkans</i></a>. Mouton. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027933157" title="Special:BookSources/9789027933157"><bdi>9789027933157</bdi></a>. <q>On the other hand <i>Niš</i> from Ναϊσσός, <i>Štip</i> from Ἄστιβος, <i>Šar</i> from <i>Scardus</i>, and <i>Ohrid</i> from <i>Lychnidus</i> presuppose the sound development characteristic for Albanian.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Languages+of+the+Balkans&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Mouton&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=9789027933157&rft.aulast=Kati%C4%8Di%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Radoslav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DT8ZhAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>The contemporary form of the name of ancient Naissos, an important place in Dardania which is now called Niš, is best explained with the help of the historical phonetics of the Albanian language.</i> For more see: <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_I._Georgiev" title="Vladimir I. Georgiev">Vladimir I. Georgiev</a> (1981) Introduction to the History of the Indo-European Languages. Publishing House of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, p. 142, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9535172611" title="Special:BookSources/9535172611">9535172611</a>.</li> <li>Hamp, Eric P. "Albanian" p. 1663 in Part 2, The study of languages, edited by Einar Haugen, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2019, pp. 1626-1692. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111684970-016">https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111684970-016</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVermeer1992107-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVermeer1992107_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVermeer1992">Vermeer 1992</a>, p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ismajli-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ismajli_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIsmajli2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ashak.org/repository/docs/RISMAJLI_397704.pdf"><i>Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik</i></a> [<i>Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. pp. 109, 263.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studime+p%C3%ABr+historin%C3%AB+e+shqipes+n%C3%AB+kontekst+ballkanik&rft.place=Prishtin%C3%AB&rft.pages=109%2C+263&rft.pub=Kosova+Academy+of+Sciences+and+Arts%2C+special+editions+CLII%2C+Section+of+Linguistics+and+Literature&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Ismajli&rft.aufirst=Rexhep&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ashak.org%2Frepository%2Fdocs%2FRISMAJLI_397704.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMatzinger2016" class="citation web cs1">Matzinger, Joachim (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.albanologie.uni-muenchen.de/downloads/meldungen/gastvortrag_matzinger_nov_2016/muenchen_2_ethnogenese.pdf">"Die albanische Autochthoniehypothese aus der Sicht der Sprachwissenschaft"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Die+albanische+Autochthoniehypothese+aus+der+Sicht+der+Sprachwissenschaft&rft.pages=13&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Matzinger&rft.aufirst=Joachim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanologie.uni-muenchen.de%2Fdownloads%2Fmeldungen%2Fgastvortrag_matzinger_nov_2016%2Fmuenchen_2_ethnogenese.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matzinger-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Matzinger_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Matzinger_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Matzinger, Joachim (2016). "Die albanische Autochthoniehypothese aus der Sicht der Sprachwissenschaft": "<i>Es wird versucht, den Ortsnamen auf verschiedene Weise auch als rein slawische Entwicklung zu erklären, siehe Aleksandar LOMA [...] Das letzte Wort ist hier noch nicht gesprochen, eine Diskussion mit der historischen südslawischen Linguistik ist ein dringendes Desiderat!"</i>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFЛома2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Лома, Александар (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2173">"Откуде Ниш?"</a>. <i>Ниш и Византија, зборник радова I</i> (in Serbian): <span class="nowrap">15–</span>21. <q>Образовани људи знају да је Ниш пословењен облик античког имена града <i>Naissus</i> (као што се Видин своди преко средњовековног облика Бдињ на антички <i>Bononia</i>), дакле да је посреди предсловенски топоним. (<abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> Educated individuals know that <i>Niš</i> is a Slavicized form of the city's ancient name <i>Naissus</i> (just as <i>Vidin</i> resolves – through the medieval form <i>Bdin</i> – to the ancient name <i>Bononia</i>), and hence that is a pre-Slavic toponym.</span>)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88+%D0%B8+%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%2C+%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+I&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E15-%3C%2Fspan%3E21&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdais.sanu.ac.rs%2Fhandle%2F123456789%2F2173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/415944/Nis">"Nis"</a>. 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New York City: Columbia University Press. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-930888-15-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-930888-15-2"><bdi>978-0-930888-15-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Serbian+Insurgents+and+the+Russo-Turkish+War+of+1809%E2%80%931812&rft.btitle=First+Serbian+Uprising%2C+1804%E2%80%931813&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-930888-15-2&rft.aulast=Vucinich&rft.aufirst=Wayne+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChalcraft2016" class="citation book cs1">Chalcraft, John (22 March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JhW8CwAAQBAJ&q=pirot+rebellion+bulgarian+1836&pg=PA95"><i>Popular Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107007505" title="Special:BookSources/9781107007505"><bdi>9781107007505</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Politics+in+the+Making+of+the+Modern+Middle+East&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016-03-22&rft.isbn=9781107007505&rft.aulast=Chalcraft&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJhW8CwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dpirot%2Brebellion%2Bbulgarian%2B1836%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPinson1975" class="citation journal cs1">Pinson, Mark (May 1975). "Ottoman Bulgaria in the First Tanzimat Period: The Revolts in Nish (1841) and Vidin (1850)". <i>Middle Eastern Studies</i>. <b>11</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">103–</span>146. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263207508700291">10.1080/00263207508700291</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4282564">4282564</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=Ottoman+Bulgaria+in+the+First+Tanzimat+Period%3A+The+Revolts+in+Nish+%281841%29+and+Vidin+%281850%29&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E103-%3C%2Fspan%3E146&rft.date=1975-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263207508700291&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4282564%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Pinson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Light-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Light_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Light_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLightSmith1998" class="citation book cs1">Light, Andrew; Smith, Jonathan M. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s2_Do4Hd8skC&q=Davidovic+map+1848&pg=PA240"><i>Philosophy and Geography II: The Production of Public Space</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 240, 241. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780847688104" title="Special:BookSources/9780847688104"><bdi>9780847688104</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophy+and+Geography+II%3A+The+Production+of+Public+Space&rft.pages=240%2C+241&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780847688104&rft.aulast=Light&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Smith%2C+Jonathan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds2_Do4Hd8skC%26q%3DDavidovic%2Bmap%2B1848%26pg%3DPA240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606837/index.pdf">"Engin Deniz Tanir, October 2005, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, p. 70"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Etd.lib.metu.edu.tr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Etd.lib.metu.edu.tr&rft.atitle=Engin+Deniz+Tanir%2C+October+2005%2C+Middle+East+Technical+University%2C+Ankara%2C+p.+70.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetd.lib.metu.edu.tr%2Fupload%2F12606837%2Findex.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSavić1981" class="citation web cs1">Savić, Milan (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IeNBAAAAYAAJ">"Istoriya na bŭlgarskiy narod"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Istoriya+na+b%C5%ADlgarskiy+narod&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Savi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIeNBAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFÖzkan2011" class="citation journal cs1">Özkan, Ayşe (January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/gav/issue/6522/86468">"The Expulsion of Muslims from Serbia after the International Conference in Kanlıca and Withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire from Serbia (1862-1867)"</a>. <i>Akademik Bakış</i>. <b>5</b> (9): <span class="nowrap">123–</span>138.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Akademik+Bak%C4%B1%C5%9F&rft.atitle=The+Expulsion+of+Muslims+from+Serbia+after+the+International+Conference+in+Kanl%C4%B1ca+and+Withdrawal+of+the+Ottoman+Empire+from+Serbia+%281862-1867%29&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E123-%3C%2Fspan%3E138&rft.date=2011-01&rft.aulast=%C3%96zkan&rft.aufirst=Ay%C5%9Fe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdergipark.org.tr%2Ftr%2Fpub%2Fgav%2Fissue%2F6522%2F86468&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jagodić61123049-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jagodić61123049_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jagodić61123049_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJagodić1998" class="citation journal cs1">Jagodić, Miloš (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balkanologie.revues.org/265">"The Emigration of Muslims from the New Serbian Regions 1877/1878"</a>. <i>Balkanologie</i>. <b>2</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265">10.4000/balkanologie.265</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:140637086">140637086</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkanologie&rft.atitle=The+Emigration+of+Muslims+from+the+New+Serbian+Regions+1877%2F1878&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A140637086%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Jagodi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milo%C5%A1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbalkanologie.revues.org%2F265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span> para. 6. "According to the information about the language spoken among the Muslims in the cities, we can see of which nationality they were. So, the Muslim population of Niš and Pirot consisted mostly of Turks; para. 11. "The Turks have been mostly city dwellers. It is certain, however, that part of them was of Albanian origin, because of the well-known fact that the Albanians have been very easily assimilated with Turks in the cities."; para. 23, 30, 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maynard556-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maynard556_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maynard556_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maynard556_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGenişMaynard2009" class="citation journal cs1">Geniş, Şerife; Maynard, Kelly Lynne (2009). "Formation of a Diasporic Community: The history of migration and resettlement of Muslim Albanians in the Black Sea Region of Turkey". <i>Middle Eastern Studies</i>. <b>45</b> (4): 556. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263200903009619">10.1080/00263200903009619</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143742189">143742189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=Formation+of+a+Diasporic+Community%3A+The+history+of+migration+and+resettlement+of+Muslim+Albanians+in+the+Black+Sea+Region+of+Turkey&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=556&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263200903009619&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143742189%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Geni%C5%9F&rft.aufirst=%C5%9Eerife&rft.au=Maynard%2C+Kelly+Lynne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span> "that the Muslim Albanians of Nish were forced to leave in 1878, and that at that time most of these Nishan Albanians migrated south into Kosovo, although some went to Skopje in Macedonia."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFÁgostonMasters2009" class="citation book cs1">Ágoston, Gábor; Masters, Bruce Alan (2009). <i>Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire: Facts on File library of world history</i>. Infobase Publishing. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1438110257" title="Special:BookSources/978-1438110257"><bdi>978-1438110257</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Ottoman+Empire%3A+Facts+on+File+library+of+world+history&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1438110257&rft.aulast=%C3%81goston&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rft.au=Masters%2C+Bruce+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire; Gabor Agoston, Bruce Alan Masters; 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC&dq=%22bulgarian+exarchate%22+Ni%C5%A1&pg=PA104">p. 104</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJagodić1998" class="citation journal cs1">Jagodić, Miloš (1 December 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/balkanologie/265">"The Emigration of Muslims from the New Serbian Regions 1877/1878"</a>. <i>Balkanologie. Revue d'études pluridisciplinaires</i>. <b>2</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265">10.4000/balkanologie.265</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1279-7952">1279-7952</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:262022722">262022722</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkanologie.+Revue+d%27%C3%A9tudes+pluridisciplinaires&rft.atitle=The+Emigration+of+Muslims+from+the+New+Serbian+Regions+1877%2F1878&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1998-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A262022722%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1279-7952&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265&rft.aulast=Jagodi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milo%C5%A1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fbalkanologie%2F265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Judah35-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Judah35_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJudah2008" class="citation book cs1">Judah, Tim (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WjTRCwAAQBAJ"><i>Kosovo: What everyone needs to know</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199704040" title="Special:BookSources/9780199704040"><bdi>9780199704040</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kosovo%3A+What+everyone+needs+to+know&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780199704040&rft.aulast=Judah&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWjTRCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span> "This was the year that saw Serbia expanding southward and taking Nis. The Albanian quarter was burned and Albanians from the surrounding villages forced to flee."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pllana, Emin (1985). "Les raisons de la manière de l'exode des refugies albanais du territoire du sandjak de Nish a Kosove (1878–1878) [The reasons for the manner of the exodus of Albanian refugees from the territory of the Sanjak of Nish to Kosovo (1878–1878)] ". <i>Studia Albanica</i>. <b>1</b>: 189–190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJagodić1998" class="citation journal cs1">Jagodić, Miloš (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balkanologie.revues.org/265">"The Emigration of Muslims from the New Serbian Regions 1877/1878"</a>. <i>Balkanologie</i>. <b>2</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265">10.4000/balkanologie.265</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:140637086">140637086</a>. <q>Before the war, there were about 8 500 Muslims in Niš. 1 168 of them were listed in the first Serbian inventory in 1879. 797 Gypsy Muslims were probably included in that number95. According to the stated data, approximately 7 332 Muslims moved out from Niš.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkanologie&rft.atitle=The+Emigration+of+Muslims+from+the+New+Serbian+Regions+1877%2F1878&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fbalkanologie.265&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A140637086%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Jagodi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milo%C5%A1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbalkanologie.revues.org%2F265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMH-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMH_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMH_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoare2024" class="citation book cs1">Hoare, M.A. (2024). <i>Serbia: A Modern History</i>. Hurst Publishers. p. 224.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Serbia%3A+A+Modern+History&rft.pages=224&rft.pub=Hurst+Publishers&rft.date=2024&rft.aulast=Hoare&rft.aufirst=M.A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stefanovic469470-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stefanovic469470_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStefanović2005" class="citation journal cs1">Stefanović, Djordje (2005). "Seeing the Albanians through Serbian eyes: The Inventors of the Tradition of Intolerance and their Critics, 1804–1939". <i>European History Quarterly</i>. <b>35</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">465–</span>492. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265691405054219">10.1177/0265691405054219</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2440%2F124622">2440/124622</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144497487">144497487</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+History+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Seeing+the+Albanians+through+Serbian+eyes%3A+The+Inventors+of+the+Tradition+of+Intolerance+and+their+Critics%2C+1804%E2%80%931939&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E465-%3C%2Fspan%3E492&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2440%2F124622&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144497487%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265691405054219&rft.aulast=Stefanovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Djordje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span> "Prior to 1878, the Serbs comprised not more than one half of the population of Nis, the largest city in the region; by 1884 the Serbian share rose to 80 per cent."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMomčilović2007" class="citation web cs1">Momčilović, Milan (5 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/6801/Стеван-Сремац-и-стари-Ниш">"Stevan Sremac i stari Niš"</a>. <i>Politika.rs</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politika.rs&rft.atitle=Stevan+Sremac+i+stari+Ni%C5%A1&rft.date=2007-11-05&rft.aulast=Mom%C4%8Dilovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politika.rs%2Fsr%2Fclanak%2F6801%2F%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86-%D0%B8-%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8-%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gu.ni.rs/2018/05/14/city-national-library-celebraterd-139th-anniversary/?pismo=lat">"City National Library Celebrated 139th Anniversary"</a>. <i>gu.ni.rs</i>. City of Niš. 14 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gu.ni.rs&rft.atitle=City+National+Library+Celebrated+139th+Anniversary&rft.date=2018-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gu.ni.rs%2F2018%2F05%2F14%2Fcity-national-library-celebraterd-139th-anniversary%2F%3Fpismo%3Dlat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZivicZivicZivicBabic" class="citation web cs1">Zivic, Misko; Zivic, Sasa; Zivic, Misa; Babic, Rade R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publisher.medfak.ni.ac.rs/AMM_1/amm-stari/2007-html/1-broj/FOUNDING%20OF%20THE%20DISTRICT%20HOSPITAL%20IN%20NIS.pdf">"Founding of the District Hospital in Nis"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.ni.ac.rs</i>. Acta Medica Medianae.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ni.ac.rs&rft.atitle=Founding+of+the+District+Hospital+in+Nis&rft.aulast=Zivic&rft.aufirst=Misko&rft.au=Zivic%2C+Sasa&rft.au=Zivic%2C+Misa&rft.au=Babic%2C+Rade+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublisher.medfak.ni.ac.rs%2FAMM_1%2Famm-stari%2F2007-html%2F1-broj%2FFOUNDING%2520OF%2520THE%2520DISTRICT%2520HOSPITAL%2520IN%2520NIS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chronology-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronology_59-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130218025545/http://www.ni.rs/chronology.html">"Chronology"</a>. Ni.rs. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.rs/chronology.html">the original</a> on 18 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chronology&rft.pub=Ni.rs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ni.rs%2Fchronology.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gu.ni.rs/2018/11/23/140th-anniversary-of-the-stevan-sremac-grammar-school/">"140th Anniversary of the Stevan Sremac Grammar School"</a>. <i>gu.ni.rs</i>. City of Niš. 23 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gu.ni.rs&rft.atitle=140th+Anniversary+of+the+Stevan+Sremac+Grammar+School&rft.date=2018-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gu.ni.rs%2F2018%2F11%2F23%2F140th-anniversary-of-the-stevan-sremac-grammar-school%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rs.n1info.com/biznis/a161004-ponovo-pocela-proizvodnja-u-niskoj-pivari/">"Niška pivara ponovo proizvodi pivo"</a>. <i>rs.n1info.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=politika.rs&rft.atitle=Slobodne+zone+mamac+za+investitore&rft.date=2017-09-03&rft.aulast=Mikavica&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politika.rs%2Fsr%2Fclanak%2F388105%2FSlobodne-zone-mamac-za-investitore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stats2023-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stats2023_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2023/PdfE/G202313050.pdf">"MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>stat.gov.rs</i>. <a href="/wiki/Statistical_Office_of_the_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia">Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=b92.net&rft.atitle=%22Filip+Moris%22+kupuje+DIN%2C+BAT+kupuje+DIV&rft.date=2003-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Finfo%2Fvesti%2Findex.php%3Fyyyy%3D2003%26mm%3D08%26dd%3D05%26nav_category%3D9%26nav_id%3D115924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://investnis.rs/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nacrt20Plana20Razvoja20Grada20Nisa20JAVNI20UVID.pdf">https://investnis.rs/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Nacrt20Plana20Razvoja20Grada20Nisa20JAVNI20UVID.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europeanairlines.no/drustvo-za-vazdusni-saobracaj-a-d-aeroput-1927-1948/">Drustvo za Vazdusni Saobracaj A D – Aeroput (1927–1948)</a> at europeanairlines.no</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121027123134/http://www.arhivnis.co.rs/cirilica/idelatnost/br%201/cpksaobsrbije.htm">"Istorijski Arhiv Niš"</a>. Arhivnis.co.rs. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Istorijski+Arhiv+Ni%C5%A1&rft.pub=Arhivnis.co.rs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arhivnis.co.rs%2Fcirilica%2Fidelatnost%2Fbr%25201%2Fcpksaobsrbije.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.juznevesti.com/Sport/Radovi-na-stadionu-idu-po-planu.sr.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Radovi na stadionu idu po planu" : Sport : Južne vesti"</a>. Juznevesti.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=narodne.com&rft.atitle=Narodne+novine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.narodne.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.juznevesti.com/">"Južne vesti – Leskovac, Niš, Pirot, Prokuplje, Vranje – vesti iz južne Srbije"</a>. <i>Južne vesti</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ju%C5%BEne+vesti&rft.atitle=Ju%C5%BEne+vesti+%E2%80%93+Leskovac%2C+Ni%C5%A1%2C+Pirot%2C+Prokuplje%2C+Vranje+%E2%80%93+vesti+iz+ju%C5%BEne+Srbije&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.juznevesti.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.superradio.rs/info">"Super Radio"</a>. <i>Super Radio Niš</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Super+Radio+Ni%C5%A1&rft.atitle=Super+Radio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.superradio.rs%2Finfo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.bankerinter.net/media/banker_radio_live.php">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060210001824/http://www.bankerinter.net/media/banker_radio_live.php">Archived</a> February 10, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiocity.rs/">"City"</a>. <i>radiocity.rs</i>.</cite><span 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href="#cite_ref-belami.rs_100-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belami.rs">"belami.rs – najnovije vesti, vesti iz Niša, vesti iz Srbije"</a>. <i>Belle Amie</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Belle+Amie&rft.atitle=belami.rs+%E2%80%93+najnovije+vesti%2C+vesti+iz+Ni%C5%A1a%2C+vesti+iz+Srbije.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belami.rs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBanker" class="citation web cs1">Banker. <a rel="nofollow" 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntv.medianis.net/">the original</a> on 10 June 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=medianis.net&rft.atitle=ck0M1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntv.medianis.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126003807/http://www.tvkcn.net/main.php">"Televizija Kopernikus TV K::CN"</a>. <i>tvkcn.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tvkcn.net/main.php">the original</a> on 26 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Niš City Hall<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ni%C5%A1+Twinnings&rft.pub=Ni%C5%A1+City+Hall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ni.rs%2Findex.php%3Fsection%3Dpages%26id%3D250&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2025">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Košice_twinnings-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Košice_twinnings_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160129064424/http://www.kosice.sk/clanok.php?file=gov_s_c-00_uk.html">"Twin cities of the City of Kosice"</a>. <i>Magistrát mesta Košice, Tr</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Magistr%C3%A1t+mesta+Ko%C5%A1ice%2C+Tr.&rft.atitle=Twin+cities+of+the+City+of+Kosice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kosice.sk%2Fclanok.php%3Ffile%3Dgov_s_c-00_uk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.juznasrbija.info/lat/vesti/nis-i-istocno-sarajevo-bratski-gradovi.html">"Niš i Istočno Sarajevo bratski gradovi"</a>. <i>juznasrbija.info</i> (in Bosnian). Južna Srbija Info. 13 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=juznasrbija.info&rft.atitle=Ni%C5%A1+i+Isto%C4%8Dno+Sarajevo+bratski+gradovi&rft.date=2022-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.juznasrbija.info%2Flat%2Fvesti%2Fnis-i-istocno-sarajevo-bratski-gradovi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFine1994" class="citation book cs1">Fine, John Van Antwerp (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC"><i>The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-47208-260-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-47208-260-5"><bdi>978-0-47208-260-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Late+Medieval+Balkans%3A+A+Critical+Survey+from+the+Late+Twelfth+Century+to+the+Ottoman+Conquest&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-47208-260-5&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=John+Van+Antwerp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLvVbRrH1QBgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrendergast2017" class="citation thesis cs1">Prendergast, Eric (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7nk454x6"><i>The Origin and Spread of Locative Determiner Omission in the Balkan Linguistic Area</i></a> (Ph.D). UC Berkeley.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Origin+and+Spread+of+Locative+Determiner+Omission+in+the+Balkan+Linguistic+Area&rft.inst=UC+Berkeley&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Prendergast&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fuc%2Fitem%2F7nk454x6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANi%C5%A1" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Historical_capitals_of_Serbia" title="Template:Historical capitals of Serbia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Historical_capitals_of_Serbia" title="Template talk:Historical capitals of Serbia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Historical_capitals_of_Serbia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Historical capitals of Serbia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Historical_capitals_of_Serbia71" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_capitals_of_Serbia" title="List of former capitals of Serbia">Historical capitals</a> of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stari_Ras" title="Stari Ras">Stari Ras</a> (1170-1276)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Niš</a> (1183-1191; 1914-1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debrc" title="Debrc">Debrc</a> (1276–1283)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> (1283–1430; since 1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prizren" title="Prizren">Prizren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serres" title="Serres">Serres</a> (1345–1371)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1evac" title="Kruševac">Kruševac</a> (1371–1389)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a> (1430–1453)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subotica" title="Subotica">Subotica</a> (1526–1527)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topola" title="Topola">Topola</a> (1804-1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kragujevac" title="Kragujevac">Kragujevac</a> (1818–1841; 1914-1915)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities,_towns_and_villages_in_the_Nišava_District176" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Template:Nišava District"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Template talk:Nišava District"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nišava District"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities,_towns_and_villages_in_the_Nišava_District176" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cities, towns and villages in the <a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ava_District" title="Nišava District">Nišava District</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Niš</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medijana" title="Medijana">Medijana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brzi_Brod" title="Brzi Brod">Brzi Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulevar_Nemanji%C4%87a" title="Bulevar Nemanjića">Bulevar Nemanjića</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulevar_Djindji%C4%87a" title="Bulevar Djindjića">Bulevar Djindjića</a></li> <li>Čair</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centar,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Centar, Niš">Centar</a></li> <li>Duvanište</li> <li>Kičevo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marger" title="Marger">Marger</a></li> <li>Medijana</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trg_Kralja_Aleksandra" title="Trg Kralja Aleksandra">Trg Kralja Aleksandra</a></li> <li>Trošarina</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bancarevo" title="Bancarevo">Bancarevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Studena" title="Gornja Studena">Gornja Studena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Studena" title="Donja Studena">Donja Studena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jela%C5%A1nica,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Jelašnica, Niška Banja">Jelašnica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koritnjak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koritnjak (page does not exist)">Koritnjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunovica" title="Kunovica">Kunovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarevo_Selo" title="Lazarevo Selo">Lazarevo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manastir,_Ni%C5%A1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manastir, Niš) (page does not exist)">Manastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Nikola Tesla, Niška Banja">Nikola Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrovica,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Ostrovica, Niška Banja">Ostrovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prva_Kutina" title="Prva Kutina">Prva Kutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosek,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Prosek, Niška Banja">Prosek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravni_Do" title="Ravni Do">Ravni Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radikina_Bara" title="Radikina Bara">Radikina Bara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rautovo" title="Rautovo">Rautovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si%C4%87evo" title="Sićevo">Sićevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukljenik,_Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Čukljenik, Niška Banja">Čukljenik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palilula,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Palilula, Niš">Palilula</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bubanj" title="Bubanj">Bubanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palilula_neighbourhood,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Palilula neighbourhood, Niš">Palilula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staro_Groblje" title="Staro Groblje">Staro Groblje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crni_put,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crni put, Niš">Crni put</a></li> <li>Ledena Stena</li> <li>Delijski Vis</li> <li>Apelovac</li> <li>Kovanluk</li> <li>Tutunović Podrum</li> <li>Kalac Brdo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvi_Do_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Suvi Do (Niš)">Suvi Do</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantelej" title="Pantelej">Pantelej</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Vre%C5%BEina" title="Donja Vrežina">Donja Vrežina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagodin_Mala" title="Jagodin Mala">Jagodin Mala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durlan" title="Durlan">Durlan</a></li> <li>Čalije</li> <li>Somborska</li> <li>Durlan 2</li> <li>Durlan 3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Vre%C5%BEina" title="Gornja Vrežina">Gornja Vrežina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Matejevac" title="Gornji Matejevac">Gornji Matejevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Matejevac" title="Donji Matejevac">Donji Matejevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenica,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Kamenica, Niš">Kamenica</a></li> <li>Brenica</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerje_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Cerje (Niš)">Cerje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knez_Selo" title="Knez Selo">Knez Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal%C4%8Da" title="Malča">Malča</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasja%C4%8Da_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Pasjača (Niš)">Pasjača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oreovac_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Oreovac (Niš)">Oreovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasenovik" title="Jasenovik">Jasenovik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrelo_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Vrelo (Niš)">Vrelo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crveni Krst, Niš">Crveni Krst</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst_(neighborhood)" title="Crveni Krst (neighborhood)">Crveni Krst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beograd_Mala" title="Beograd Mala">Beograd Mala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagodin_Mala" title="Jagodin Mala">Jagodin Mala</a></li> <li>Šljaka</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komren" title="Komren">Komren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratko_Jovi%C4%87,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Ratko Jović, Niš">Ratko Jović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ber%C4%8Dinac" title="Berčinac">Berčinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vele_Polje" title="Vele Polje">Vele Polje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrti%C5%A1te" title="Vrtište">Vrtište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Toponica_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Gornja Toponica (Niš)">Gornja Toponica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Trnava_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Gornja Trnava (Niš)">Gornja Trnava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Komren" title="Gornji Komren">Gornji Komren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Toponica_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Donja Toponica (Niš)">Donja Toponica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Trnava_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Donja Trnava (Niš)">Donja Trnava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Komren" title="Donji Komren">Donji Komren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kravlje" title="Kravlje">Kravlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leskovik_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Leskovik (Niš)">Leskovik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medo%C5%A1evac_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Medoševac (Niš)">Medoševac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezgraja_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Mezgraja (Niš)">Mezgraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miljkovac_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Miljkovac (Niš)">Miljkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paligrace" title="Paligrace">Paligrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paljina" title="Paljina">Paljina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popovac_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Popovac (Niš)">Popovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rujnik" title="Rujnik">Rujnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C4%8Danica" title="Sečanica">Sečanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supovac" title="Supovac">Supovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trupale" title="Trupale">Trupale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hum_(Ni%C5%A1)" title="Hum (Niš)">Hum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Camurlija" title="Čamurlija">Čamurlija</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aleksinac" title="Aleksinac">Aleksinac</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksina%C4%8Dki_Bujmir" title="Aleksinački Bujmir">Aleksinački Bujmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksina%C4%8Dki_Rudnik" title="Aleksinački Rudnik">Aleksinački Rudnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankovac" title="Bankovac">Bankovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_Breg_(Aleksinac)" title="Beli Breg (Aleksinac)">Beli Breg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belja" title="Belja">Belja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobovi%C5%A1te" title="Bobovište">Bobovište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bovan_(Aleksinac)" title="Bovan (Aleksinac)">Bovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradarac_(Aleksinac)" title="Bradarac (Aleksinac)">Bradarac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakup" title="Vakup">Vakup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliki_Drenovac" title="Veliki Drenovac">Veliki Drenovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitkovac_(Aleksinac)" title="Vitkovac (Aleksinac)">Vitkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrelo_(Aleksinac)" title="Vrelo (Aleksinac)">Vrelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vr%C4%87enovica" title="Vrćenovica">Vrćenovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukanja" title="Vukanja">Vukanja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vuka%C5%A1inovac" title="Vukašinovac">Vukašinovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glogovica_(Aleksinac)" title="Glogovica (Aleksinac)">Glogovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gole%C5%A1nica" title="Golešnica">Golešnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Pe%C5%A1%C4%8Danica" title="Gornja Peščanica">Gornja Peščanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornje_Suhotno" title="Gornje Suhotno">Gornje Suhotno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Adrovac" title="Gornji Adrovac">Gornji Adrovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Krupac" title="Gornji Krupac">Gornji Krupac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Ljube%C5%A1" title="Gornji Ljubeš">Gornji Ljubeš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gredetin" title="Gredetin">Gredetin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greja%C4%8D" title="Grejač">Grejač</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da%C5%A1nica,_Aleksinac" title="Dašnica, Aleksinac">Dašnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deligrad" title="Deligrad">Deligrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrujevac_(Aleksinac)" title="Dobrujevac (Aleksinac)">Dobrujevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Pe%C5%A1%C4%8Danica" title="Donja Peščanica">Donja Peščanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donje_Suhotno" title="Donje Suhotno">Donje Suhotno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Adrovac" title="Donji Adrovac">Donji Adrovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Krupac" title="Donji Krupac">Donji Krupac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Ljube%C5%A1" title="Donji Ljubeš">Donji Ljubeš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dra%C5%BEevac_(Aleksinac)" title="Draževac (Aleksinac)">Draževac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDitkovac" title="Žitkovac">Žitkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakovlje_(Aleksinac)" title="Jakovlje (Aleksinac)">Jakovlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasenje" title="Jasenje">Jasenje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenica_(Aleksinac)" title="Kamenica (Aleksinac)">Kamenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katun_(Aleksinac)" title="Katun (Aleksinac)">Katun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica_(Aleksinac)" title="Koprivnica (Aleksinac)">Koprivnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korman_(Aleksinac)" title="Korman (Aleksinac)">Korman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraljevo_(Aleksinac)" title="Kraljevo (Aleksinac)">Kraljevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kru%C5%A1je" title="Krušje">Krušje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulina_(Aleksinac)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kulina (Aleksinac)">Kulina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipovac_(Aleksinac)" title="Lipovac (Aleksinac)">Lipovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loznac" title="Loznac">Loznac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo%C4%87ika_(Aleksinac)" title="Loćika (Aleksinac)">Loćika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C5%BEane" title="Lužane">Lužane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljupten" title="Ljupten">Ljupten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Drenovac" title="Mali Drenovac">Mali Drenovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozgovo" title="Mozgovo">Mozgovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravac" title="Moravac">Moravac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravski_Bujmir" title="Moravski Bujmir">Moravski Bujmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nozrina" title="Nozrina">Nozrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porodin,_Aleksinac" title="Porodin, Aleksinac">Porodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekonozi" title="Prekonozi">Prekonozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%87ilovica" title="Prćilovica">Prćilovica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prugovac,_Serbia" title="Prugovac, Serbia">Prugovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radevce_(Aleksinac)" title="Radevce (Aleksinac)">Radevce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rsovac" title="Rsovac">Rsovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutevac" title="Rutevac">Rutevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srezovac" title="Srezovac">Srezovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanci_(Aleksinac)" title="Stanci (Aleksinac)">Stanci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stublina" title="Stublina">Stublina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subotinac" title="Subotinac">Subotinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te%C5%A1ica" title="Tešica">Tešica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trnjane_(Aleksinac)" title="Trnjane (Aleksinac)">Trnjane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86i%C4%87ina" title="Ćićina">Ćićina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crna_Bara_(Aleksinac)" title="Crna Bara (Aleksinac)">Crna Bara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesta" title="Česta">Česta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cukurovac" title="Čukurovac">Čukurovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0uri%C4%87" title="Šurić">Šurić</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Svrljig" title="Svrljig">Svrljig</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beloinje" title="Beloinje">Beloinje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C4%8Dum" title="Bučum">Bučum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdimo" title="Burdimo">Burdimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crnoljevica" title="Crnoljevica">Crnoljevica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidovac,_Svrljig" title="Davidovac, Svrljig">Davidovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drajinac" title="Drajinac">Drajinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90urinac_(Svrljig)" title="Đurinac (Svrljig)">Đurinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galibabinac" title="Galibabinac">Galibabinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gojmanovac" title="Gojmanovac">Gojmanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grbav%C4%8De" title="Grbavče">Grbavče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulijan" title="Gulijan">Gulijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C5%A1evac" title="Guševac">Guševac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izvor_(Svrljig)" title="Izvor (Svrljig)">Izvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopajko%C5%A1ara" title="Kopajkošara">Kopajkošara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labukovo" title="Labukovo">Labukovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalinac_(Svrljig)" title="Lalinac (Svrljig)">Lalinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lozan" title="Lozan">Lozan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukovo_(Svrljig)" title="Lukovo (Svrljig)">Lukovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manojlica" title="Manojlica">Manojlica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%8Dji_Do" title="Mečji Do">Mečji Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merd%C5%BEelat" title="Merdželat">Merdželat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1evac" title="Niševac">Niševac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okoli%C5%A1te,_Svrljig" title="Okolište, Svrljig">Okolište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okruglica_(Svrljig)" title="Okruglica (Svrljig)">Okruglica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palilula_(Svrljig)" title="Palilula (Svrljig)">Palilula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri%C5%A1" title="Periš">Periš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirkovac" title="Pirkovac">Pirkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plu%C5%BEina" title="Plužina">Plužina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop%C5%A1ica" title="Popšica">Popšica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prekonoga" title="Prekonoga">Prekonoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radmirovac" title="Radmirovac">Radmirovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribare_(Svrljig)" title="Ribare (Svrljig)">Ribare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slivje_(Svrljig)" title="Slivje (Svrljig)">Slivje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ljivovik_(Svrljig)" title="Šljivovik (Svrljig)">Šljivovik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tijovac_(Svrljig)" title="Tijovac (Svrljig)">Tijovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varo%C5%A1_(Svrljig)" title="Varoš (Svrljig)">Varoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlahovo_(Svrljig)" title="Vlahovo (Svrljig)">Vlahovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDeljevo,_Svrljig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Željevo, Svrljig (page does not exist)">Željevo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mero%C5%A1ina" title="Merošina">Merošina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandrovo,_Mero%C5%A1ina" title="Aleksandrovo, Merošina">Aleksandrovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbanasce" title="Arbanasce">Arbanasce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azbresnica" class="mw-redirect" title="Azbresnica">Azbresnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balajnac_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Balajnac (Merošina)">Balajnac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali%C4%8Devac" title="Baličevac">Baličevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu%C5%A1inac" title="Batušinac">Batušinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biljeg" title="Biljeg">Biljeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brest_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Brest (Merošina)">Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Bučić">Bučić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cubura_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Čubura (Merošina)">Čubura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De%C5%A1ilovo" title="Dešilovo">Dešilovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dev%C4%8Da" title="Devča">Devča</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donja_Rasova%C4%8Da" title="Donja Rasovača">Donja Rasovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudulajce" title="Dudulajce">Dudulajce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Rasova%C4%8Da" title="Gornja Rasovača">Gornja Rasovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradi%C5%A1te_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Gradište (Merošina)">Gradište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovanovac_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Jovanovac (Merošina)">Jovanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug_Bogdanovac" title="Jug Bogdanovac">Jug Bogdanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostadinovac" title="Kostadinovac">Kostadinovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kovanluk_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Kovanluk (Merošina)">Kovanluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krajkovac" title="Krajkovac">Krajkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepaja" title="Lepaja">Lepaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mramorsko_Brdo" title="Mramorsko Brdo">Mramorsko Brdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obla%C4%8Dina" title="Oblačina">Oblačina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padina_(Mero%C5%A1ina)" title="Padina (Merošina)">Padina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%BEina" title="Rožina">Rožina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%BEanj" title="Ražanj">Ražanj</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braljina_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Braljina (Ražanj)">Braljina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerovo_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Cerovo (Ražanj)">Cerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crni_Kao_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Crni Kao (Ražanj)">Crni Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cubura_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Čubura (Ražanj)">Čubura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabovo_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grabovo (Ražanj)">Grabovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipovac_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Lipovac (Ražanj)">Lipovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%87ija" title="Maćija">Maćija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%91ere_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Mađere (Ražanj)">Mađere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maletina" title="Maletina">Maletina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Bra%C4%8Din" title="Novi Bračin">Novi Bračin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardik" title="Pardik">Pardik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podgorac_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Podgorac (Ražanj)">Podgorac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poslon" title="Poslon">Poslon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praskov%C4%8De" title="Praskovče">Praskovče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretrkovac" title="Pretrkovac">Pretrkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruji%C5%A1te_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Rujište (Ražanj)">Rujište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0etka" title="Šetka">Šetka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skorica" title="Skorica">Skorica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smilovac" title="Smilovac">Smilovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stari_Bra%C4%8Din" title="Stari Bračin">Stari Bračin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varo%C5%A1_(Ra%C5%BEanj)" title="Varoš (Ražanj)">Varoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vito%C5%A1evac" title="Vitoševac">Vitoševac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Doljevac" title="Doljevac">Doljevac</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belotinac" title="Belotinac">Belotinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Capljinac" title="Čapljinac">Čapljinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C4%8Dina,_Doljevac" title="Čečina, Doljevac">Čečina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86urlina" title="Ćurlina">Ćurlina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klisura_(Doljevac)" title="Klisura (Doljevac)">Klisura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kne%C5%BEica_(Doljevac)" title="Knežica (Doljevac)">Knežica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dane" title="Kočane">Kočane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malo%C5%A1i%C5%A1te" title="Malošište">Malošište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meki%C5%A1" title="Mekiš">Mekiš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orljane" title="Orljane">Orljane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perutina" title="Perutina">Perutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pukovac" title="Pukovac">Pukovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusna" title="Rusna">Rusna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ajinovac" title="Šajinovac">Šajinovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0arlince_(Doljevac)" title="Šarlince (Doljevac)">Šarlince</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gad%C5%BEin_Han" title="Gadžin Han">Gadžin Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cagrovac" title="Čagrovac">Čagrovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86elije_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Ćelije (Gadžin Han)">Ćelije</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donje_Dragovlje" title="Donje Dragovlje">Donje Dragovlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Barbe%C5%A1" title="Donji Barbeš">Donji Barbeš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donji_Du%C5%A1nik" title="Donji Dušnik">Donji Dušnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duga_Poljana_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Duga Poljana (Gadžin Han)">Duga Poljana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukat_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Dukat (Gadžin Han)">Dukat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Gare (Gadžin Han)">Gare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornje_Dragovlje" title="Gornje Dragovlje">Gornje Dragovlje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornje_Vlase" title="Gornje Vlase">Gornje Vlase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Barbe%C5%A1" title="Gornji Barbeš">Gornji Barbeš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornji_Du%C5%A1nik" title="Gornji Dušnik">Gornji Dušnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grkinja" title="Grkinja">Grkinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagli%C4%8Dje" title="Jagličje">Jagličje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaletinac" title="Kaletinac">Kaletinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Koprivnica (Gadžin Han)">Koprivnica (Gadžin Han)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krastav%C4%8De" title="Krastavče">Krastavče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li%C4%8Dje" title="Ličje">Ličje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Kr%C4%8Dimir" title="Mali Krčimir">Mali Krčimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Vrtop" title="Mali Vrtop">Mali Vrtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Kutina" title="Marina Kutina">Marina Kutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miljkovac_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Miljkovac (Gadžin Han)">Miljkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novo_Selo_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Novo Selo (Gadžin Han)">Novo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovsinjinac" title="Ovsinjinac">Ovsinjinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravna_Dubrava" title="Ravna Dubrava">Ravna Dubrava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sem%C4%8De" title="Semče">Semče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopotnica_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Sopotnica (Gadžin Han)">Sopotnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ebet" title="Šebet">Šebet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskovi%C4%87i" title="Taskovići">Taskovići</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toponica_(Gad%C5%BEin_Han)" title="Toponica (Gadžin Han)">Toponica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliki_Kr%C4%8Dimir" title="Veliki Krčimir">Veliki Krčimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliki_Vrtop" title="Veliki Vrtop">Veliki Vrtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilandrica" title="Vilandrica">Vilandrica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_and_cities_of_Serbia" title="Municipalities and cities of Serbia">Municipalities and cities of Serbia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_cities_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia80" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_and_cities_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia" title="Template:Municipalities and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_and_cities_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia" title="Template talk:Municipalities and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_and_cities_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_cities_of_Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia80" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and cities of <a href="/wiki/Southern_and_Eastern_Serbia" title="Southern and Eastern Serbia">Southern and Eastern Serbia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bor,_Serbia" title="Bor, Serbia">Bor</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Leskovac" title="Leskovac">Leskovac</a></b></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Niš</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crveni_Krst,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Crveni Krst, Niš">Crveni Krst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medijana" title="Medijana">Medijana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C5%A1ka_Banja" title="Niška Banja">Niška Banja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palilula,_Ni%C5%A1" title="Palilula, Niš">Palilula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantelej,_Ni%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantelej, Niš">Pantelej</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pirot" title="Pirot">Pirot</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEarevac" title="Požarevac">Požarevac</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_municipality_of_Po%C5%BEarevac" title="City municipality of Požarevac">Požarevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostolac" title="Kostolac">Kostolac</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Prokuplje" title="Prokuplje">Prokuplje</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vranje" title="Vranje">Vranje</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_municipality_of_Vranje" title="City municipality of Vranje">Vranje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vranjska_Banja" title="Vranjska Banja">Vranjska Banja</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zaje%C4%8Dar" title="Zaječar">Zaječar</a></b></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia"><img alt="Map of and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg/100px-Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg/150px-Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg/200px-Statistical_regions_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksinac" title="Aleksinac">Aleksinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babu%C5%A1nica" title="Babušnica">Babušnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bela_Palanka" title="Bela Palanka">Bela Palanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blace" title="Blace">Blace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bojnik" title="Bojnik">Bojnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boljevac" title="Boljevac">Boljevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosilegrad" title="Bosilegrad">Bosilegrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bujanovac" title="Bujanovac">Bujanovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crna_Trava" title="Crna Trava">Crna Trava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrovgrad,_Serbia" title="Dimitrovgrad, Serbia">Dimitrovgrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doljevac" title="Doljevac">Doljevac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gad%C5%BEin_Han" title="Gadžin Han">Gadžin Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golubac" title="Golubac">Golubac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladovo" title="Kladovo">Kladovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knja%C5%BEevac" title="Knjaževac">Knjaževac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku%C4%8Devo" title="Kučevo">Kučevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kur%C5%A1umlija" title="Kuršumlija">Kuršumlija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebane" title="Lebane">Lebane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majdanpek" title="Majdanpek">Majdanpek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malo_Crni%C4%87e" title="Malo Crniće">Malo Crniće</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medve%C4%91a" title="Medveđa">Medveđa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mero%C5%A1ina" title="Merošina">Merošina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negotin" title="Negotin">Negotin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrovac,_Serbia" title="Petrovac, Serbia">Petrovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre%C5%A1evo" title="Preševo">Preševo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C5%BEanj" title="Ražanj">Ražanj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smederevska_Palanka" title="Smederevska Palanka">Smederevska Palanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokobanja" title="Sokobanja">Sokobanja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surdulica" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140970712">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjxqbbmDfBmCbvWBc7T73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4294664-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14284878t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14284878t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Niš (Srbsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge256062&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000403258&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007564298805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/9bc4d8b5-baf2-40a5-8335-112ea2343581">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086129023">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niš&oldid=1281855985">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niš&oldid=1281855985</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ni%C5%A1" title="Category:Niš">Niš</a></li><li><a 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