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Gérard D. Levesque - Wikipedia
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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gérard D. Levesque</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-no_accent-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> (May 2, 1926 – November 17, 1993) was a longtime <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a> politician and <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">Cabinet</a> minister, who twice served as <a href="/wiki/Interim_leader_(Canada)" title="Interim leader (Canada)">interim leader</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Liberal_Party" title="Quebec Liberal Party">Quebec Liberal Party</a>. </p><p>Levesque was first elected to what is now called the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Quebec" title="National Assembly of Quebec">Quebec National Assembly</a> in the riding of <a href="/wiki/Bonaventure_(provincial_electoral_district)" title="Bonaventure (provincial electoral district)">Bonaventure</a> in <a href="/wiki/1956_Quebec_general_election" title="1956 Quebec general election">1956</a> and sat in the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> continuously until the end of his life. Under <a href="/wiki/Premier" title="Premier">Premier</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Lesage" title="Jean Lesage">Jean Lesage</a> he served as minister of housing and fisheries and then as minister for trade. In the first cabinet of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bourassa" title="Robert Bourassa">Robert Bourassa</a>, who came to power in <a href="/wiki/1970_Quebec_general_election" title="1970 Quebec general election">1970</a>, he served in various capacities including minister of trade, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Quebec)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Justice (Quebec)">Minister of Justice</a> and deputy premier. </p><p>After the defeat of the Bourassa government in <a href="/wiki/1976_Quebec_general_election" title="1976 Quebec general election">1976</a>, Levesque served as <a href="/wiki/List_of_Quebec_leaders_of_the_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Quebec leaders of the Opposition">Leader of the opposition</a> until 1979, while leaders <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bourassa" title="Robert Bourassa">Robert Bourassa</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Claude_Ryan" title="Claude Ryan">Claude Ryan</a> were without parliamentary seats. Levesque was noted for his fierce opposition to what was introduced as Bill 1, the <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_French_Language" title="Charter of the French Language">Charter of the French Language</a>; his procedural wrangling meant it had to be eventually reintroduced as Bill 101. Levesque was also <a href="/wiki/Interim_leader_(Canada)" title="Interim leader (Canada)">interim leader</a> of the party between Bourassa's resignation and the election of Ryan. Levesque again served as Leader of the Opposition and acting leader of the party from August 1982 to September 1983 after the resignation of Ryan and until the return of Bourassa for his second stint as party leader. </p><p>In the second Bourassa government, elected in <a href="/wiki/1985_Quebec_general_election" title="1985 Quebec general election">1985</a>, Levesque served as minister of finance, a position he held until his death in 1993 at the age of 67. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_D._Levesque&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of the fictional character Gérard D. Laflaque, protagonist of the satirical TV program <i><a href="/wiki/Et_Dieu_cr%C3%A9a..._Laflaque" title="Et Dieu créa... Laflaque">Et Dieu créa... Laflaque</a></i>, is a variation of his name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_D._Levesque&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLambert1992" class="citation book cs1">Lambert, Serge (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gerarddlevesquel0000lamb"><i>Gérard D. Levesque, le maître politique</i></a></span>. Sainte-Foy: GID Design. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-9802952-0-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-9802952-0-1"><bdi>978-2-9802952-0-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/26930803">26930803</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque%2C+le+ma%C3%AEtre+politique&rft.place=Sainte-Foy&rft.pub=GID+Design&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F26930803&rft.isbn=978-2-9802952-0-1&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgerarddlevesquel0000lamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_D._Levesque&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assnat.qc.ca/en/deputes/levesque-gerard-d-4211/biographie.html">"Biography"</a>. <i>Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours</i> (in French). <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Quebec" title="National Assembly of Quebec">National Assembly of Quebec</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionnaire+des+parlementaires+du+Qu%C3%A9bec+de+1792+%C3%A0+nos+jours&rft.atitle=Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assnat.qc.ca%2Fen%2Fdeputes%2Flevesque-gerard-d-4211%2Fbiographie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rard_D._Levesque&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-D-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-D_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">He was universally known as "Gérard D." during his lifetime and contemporary newspaper articles did not omit the middle initial. Various other attestations include: <ul><li>A section of <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Route_132" title="Quebec Route 132">Route 132</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bonaventure,_Quebec" title="Bonaventure, Quebec">Bonaventure</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Carlisle,_Quebec" title="New Carlisle, Quebec">New Carlisle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pasp%C3%A9biac" title="Paspébiac">Paspébiac</a> runs along "boulevard Gérard-D.-Levesque" (see, e.g., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?q=48.008989,-65.33741">Google Maps</a>)</li> <li>Note also a direct quote from one of his former constituents: <i>«Moi, j'ai fait partie de l'organisation de Gérard D. pendant quinze ans alors on respecte la tradition», a dit Adéodat Gignac.</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvanouvelles.ca/lcn/infos/regional/archives/2011/12/20111204-222731.html">"Élection partielle dans Bonaventure: Les Gaspésiens aux urnes"</a>. <i>TVA Nouvelles</i>. 4 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TVA+Nouvelles&rft.atitle=%C3%89lection+partielle+dans+Bonaventure%3A+Les+Gasp%C3%A9siens+aux+urnes&rft.date=2011-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvanouvelles.ca%2Flcn%2Finfos%2Fregional%2Farchives%2F2011%2F12%2F20111204-222731.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque" class="Z3988"></span>)</li> <li>The minutes of Quebec cabinet meetings (<i>mémoires des déliberations du <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Quebec" title="Executive Council of Quebec">Conseil exécutif</a></i>) are publicly released after a 25-year delay. In the printed minutes for meetings after the <a href="/wiki/1985_Quebec_general_election" title="1985 Quebec general election">Liberals returned to power in December 1985</a>, his is consistently the only name in the list of attendees that has a middle initial given: e.g., the cabinet meeting on 4 June 1986 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acces.mce.gouv.qc.ca/documents-publies-ministere/memoires/1986-06-04.pdf">PDF file</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2018">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>) or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acces.mce.gouv.qc.ca/documents-publies-ministere/demande-acces.asp">others</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121216021432/http://www.acces.mce.gouv.qc.ca/documents-publies-ministere/demande-acces.asp">Archived</a> 2012-12-16 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-no_accent-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-no_accent_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His last name is sometimes given with the more common spelling for this surname, <b>Lévesque</b> (with acute accent), but authoritative sources omit the accent. Many other persons with this last name spell it with an accent, for instance <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">René Lévesque</a>. However, various sources attest to the lack of accent on his last name, including: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assnat.qc.ca/en/deputes/levesque-gerard-d-4211/biographie.html">"Biography of Gérard D. Levesque"</a>. <i>Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours</i> (in French). <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Quebec" title="National Assembly of Quebec">National Assembly of Quebec</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dictionnaire+des+parlementaires+du+Qu%C3%A9bec+de+1792+%C3%A0+nos+jours&rft.atitle=Biography+of+G%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assnat.qc.ca%2Fen%2Fdeputes%2Flevesque-gerard-d-4211%2Fbiographie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque" class="Z3988"></span> (an earlier version in printed-book form is at: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cqx-SEL9g9YC&pg=PA472"><i>Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec, 1792-1992</i></a> (in French). Sainte-Foy: Université Laval. 1993. p. 472. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7637-7304-4" title="Special:BookSources/2-7637-7304-4"><bdi>2-7637-7304-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+des+parlementaires+du+Qu%C3%A9bec%2C+1792-1992&rft.place=Sainte-Foy&rft.pages=472&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A9+Laval&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=2-7637-7304-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcqx-SEL9g9YC%26pg%3DPA472&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG%C3%A9rard+D.+Levesque" class="Z3988"></span>)</li> <li>the title of the book <i>Gérard D. Levesque, le maître politique</i> by his biographer Serge Lambert</li> <li>the Google Maps spelling of the road named for him in his electoral district, cited above</li> <li>the printed minutes of the <i>Conseil exécutif</i> (cabinet) meetings from mid-December 1985 onward, cited above</li> <li>the title and text of his <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_D._Levesque" class="extiw" title="fr:Gérard D. Levesque">French Wikipedia article</a></li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Quebec" title="National Assembly of Quebec">National Assembly of Quebec</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_Jolicoeur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri Jolicoeur (page does not exist)">Henri Jolicoeur (Union Nationale)</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Quebec" title="National Assembly of Quebec">MNA</a>, District of <a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a> </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1956_Quebec_general_election" title="1956 Quebec general election">1956</a>–1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Landry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Landry (page does not exist)">Marcel Landry (PQ)</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Yvan_Morin" title="Jacques-Yvan Morin">Jacques-Yvan Morin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Quebec_leaders_of_the_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Quebec leaders of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition in Quebec</a> </b><br />1976–1979 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Ryan" title="Claude Ryan">Claude Ryan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Ryan" title="Claude Ryan">Claude Ryan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Quebec_leaders_of_the_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Quebec leaders of the Opposition">Leader of the Opposition in Quebec</a> </b><br />1982–1985 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bourassa" title="Robert Bourassa">Robert Bourassa</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Gratton_(politician)" title="Michel Gratton (politician)">Michel Gratton (Liberal)</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Official Opposition">Official Opposition</a> <a href="/wiki/House_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="House Leader">House Leader</a> </b><br />1985–<a href="/wiki/1985_Quebec_general_election" title="1985 Quebec general election">1985</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chevrette" title="Guy Chevrette">Guy Chevrette (PQ)</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Landry" title="Bernard Landry">Bernard Landry</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Finance (Quebec) </b><br />1985–1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Monique_Gagnon-Tremblay" title="Monique Gagnon-Tremblay">Monique Gagnon-Tremblay</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laporte" title="Pierre Laporte">Pierre Laporte</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Deputy_Premiers_of_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Deputy Premiers of Quebec">Deputy Premier of Quebec</a> </b><br />1972–1976 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Yvan_Morin" title="Jacques-Yvan Morin">Jacques-Yvan Morin</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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Bourbeau">André Bourbeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Cannon" title="Lawrence Cannon">Lawrence Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normand_Cherry" title="Normand Cherry">Normand Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ciaccia" title="John Ciaccia">John Ciaccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Albert Côté">Albert Côté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Yvan_C%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Marc-Yvan Côté">Marc-Yvan Côté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Dutil" title="Robert Dutil">Robert Dutil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Elkas" title="Sam Elkas">Sam Elkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fortier" title="Pierre Fortier">Pierre Fortier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_French_(Canadian_politician)" title="Richard French (Canadian politician)">Richard French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liza_Frulla" title="Liza Frulla">Liza Frulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_Gagnon-Tremblay" title="Monique Gagnon-Tremblay">Monique Gagnon-Tremblay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gobeil" title="Paul Gobeil">Paul Gobeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Gratton_(politician)" title="Michel Gratton (politician)">Michel Gratton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Johnson_Jr." title="Daniel Johnson Jr.">Daniel Johnson Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Latulippe" title="Gérard Latulippe">Gérard Latulippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Lavoie-Roux" title="Thérèse Lavoie-Roux">Thérèse Lavoie-Roux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Lincoln" title="Clifford Lincoln">Clifford Lincoln</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gérard D. Levesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_MacDonald" title="Pierre MacDonald">Pierre MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marx_(politician)" title="Herbert Marx (politician)">Herbert Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Middlemiss" title="Robert Middlemiss">Robert Middlemiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Pag%C3%A9" title="Michel Pagé">Michel Pagé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paradis" title="Pierre Paradis">Pierre Paradis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvon_Picotte" title="Yvon Picotte">Yvon Picotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_R%C3%A9millard" title="Gil Rémillard">Gil Rémillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Rivard" title="Guy Rivard">Guy Rivard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Robic" title="Louise Robic">Louise Robic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucienne_Robillard" title="Lucienne Robillard">Lucienne Robillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Rocheleau" title="Gilles Rocheleau">Gilles Rocheleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Ryan" title="Claude Ryan">Claude Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_Savoie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond Savoie (page does not exist)">Raymond Savoie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_S%C3%A9guin" title="Yves Séguin">Yves Séguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christos_Sirros" title="Christos Sirros">Christos Sirros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rald_Tremblay" title="Gérald Tremblay">Gérald Tremblay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violette_Tr%C3%A9panier" title="Violette Trépanier">Violette Trépanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Vallerand" title="André Vallerand">André Vallerand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvon_Valli%C3%A8res" title="Yvon Vallières">Yvon Vallières</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Bourassa01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Robert Bourassa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/75px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/113px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/150px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="669" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_Premier_of_Quebec_Robert_Bourassa_(1970–1976)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:First_Bourassa_Ministry" title="Template:First Bourassa Ministry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:First_Bourassa_Ministry" title="Template talk:First Bourassa Ministry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:First_Bourassa_Ministry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:First Bourassa Ministry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_Premier_of_Quebec_Robert_Bourassa_(1970–1976)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Quebec" title="Executive Council of Quebec">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Quebec" title="Premier of Quebec">Premier of Quebec</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bourassa" title="Robert Bourassa">Robert Bourassa</a> (1970–1976)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bourassa" title="Robert Bourassa">Robert Bourassa</a></b><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lise_Bacon" title="Lise Bacon">Lise Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bienvenue" title="Jean Bienvenue">Jean Bienvenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Castonguay" title="Claude Castonguay">Claude Castonguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Choquette" title="Jérôme Choquette">Jérôme Choquette</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Cloutier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Cloutier (page does not exist)">François Cloutier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cournoyer" title="Jean Cournoyer">Jean Cournoyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Drummond" title="Kevin Drummond">Kevin Drummond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Forget" title="Claude Forget">Claude Forget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Fournier" title="Roy Fournier">Roy Fournier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Garneau" title="Raymond Garneau">Raymond Garneau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julien_Giasson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julien Giasson (page does not exist)">Julien Giasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Goldbloom" title="Victor Goldbloom">Victor Goldbloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Hardy_(politician)" title="Denis Hardy (politician)">Denis Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A9rald_Harvey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gérald Harvey (page does not exist)">Gérald Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Claire_Kirkland" title="Marie-Claire Kirkland">Marie-Claire Kirkland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_L%27Allier" title="Jean-Paul L'Allier">Jean-Paul L'Allier</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Lachapelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Lachapelle (page does not exist)">Bernard Lachapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernand_Lalonde" title="Fernand Lalonde">Fernand Lalonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laporte" title="Pierre Laporte">Pierre Laporte</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gérard D. Levesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Mailloux" title="Raymond Mailloux">Raymond Mailloux</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gilles_Mass%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gilles Massé (page does not exist)">Gilles Massé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Parent" title="Oswald Parent">Oswald Parent</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Phaneuf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Phaneuf (page does not exist)">Paul Phaneuf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Pinard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Pinard (page does not exist)">Bernard Pinard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Saint-Pierre" title="Guy Saint-Pierre">Guy Saint-Pierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Simard" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Simard">Claude Simard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Quenneville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Quenneville (page does not exist)">Robert Quenneville</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Tessier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Tessier (page does not exist)">Maurice Tessier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Tetley" title="William Tetley">William Tetley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normand_Toupin" title="Normand Toupin">Normand Toupin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges-%C3%89mery_Tremblay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges-Émery Tremblay (page does not exist)">Georges-Émery Tremblay</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Vaillancourt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Vaillancourt (page does not exist)">Georges Vaillancourt</a></li></ul></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Bourassa01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Robert Bourassa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/75px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/113px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Robert_Bourassa01.jpg/150px-Robert_Bourassa01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="669" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3123877#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000073918972">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/21254583">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/226921/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJv4jWfTwwH3q89xpPcpT3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88622755">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/129899372">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐kdlsq Cached time: 20241122145933 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, 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