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capillary</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: capillary"> <meta name="keywords" content="capillary"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="capillary"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 202</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: capillary</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">202</span> Diabatic Flow of Sub-Cooled R-600a Inside a Capillary Tube: Concentric Configuration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravi%20Kumar">Ravi Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhosh%20Kumar%20Dubba"> Santhosh Kumar Dubba </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an experimental study of a diabatic flow of R-600a through a concentric configured capillary tube suction line heat exchanger. The details of experimental facility for testing the diabatic capillary tube with different inlet sub-cooling degree and pressure are discussed. The effect of coil diameter, capillary length, capillary tube diameter, sub-cooling degree and inlet pressure on mass flow rate are presented. The degree of sub-cooling at the inlet of capillary tube is varied from 3-20°C. The refrigerant mass flow rate is scattered up with rising of pressure. A semi-empirical correlation to predict the mass flow rate of R-600a flowing through a diabatic capillary tube is proposed for sub-cooled inlet conditions. The proposed correlation predicts measured data with an error band of ±20 percent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabatic" title="diabatic">diabatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20tube" title=" capillary tube"> capillary tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentric" title=" concentric"> concentric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R-600a" title=" R-600a"> R-600a</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81743/diabatic-flow-of-sub-cooled-r-600a-inside-a-capillary-tube-concentric-configuration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">201</span> The Impact of Temperature on the Threshold Capillary Pressure of Fine-Grained Shales </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talal%20Al-Bazali">Talal Al-Bazali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mohammad"> S. Mohammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The threshold capillary pressure of shale caprocks is an important parameter in CO₂ storage modeling. A correct estimation of the threshold capillary pressure is not only essential for CO₂ storage modeling but also important to assess the overall economical and environmental impact of the design process. A standard step by step approach has to be used to measure the threshold capillary pressure of shale and non-wetting fluids at different temperatures. The objective of this work is to assess the impact of high temperature on the threshold capillary pressure of four different shales as they interacted with four different oil based muds, air, CO₂, N₂, and methane. This study shows that the threshold capillary pressure of shale and non-wetting fluid is highly impacted by temperature. An empirical correlation for the dependence of threshold capillary pressure on temperature when different shales interacted with oil based muds and gasses has been developed. This correlation shows that the threshold capillary pressure decreases exponentially as the temperature increases. In this correlation, an experimental constant (α) appears, and this constant may depend on the properties of shale and non-wetting fluid. The value for α factor was found to be higher for gasses than for oil based muds. This is consistent with our intuition since the interfacial tension for gasses is higher than those for oil based muds. The author believes that measured threshold capillary pressure at ambient temperature is misleading and could yield higher values than those encountered at in situ conditions. Therefore one must correct for the impact of temperature when measuring threshold capillary pressure of shale at ambient temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20pressure" title="capillary pressure">capillary pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shale" title=" shale"> shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thresshold" title=" thresshold"> thresshold</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65146/the-impact-of-temperature-on-the-threshold-capillary-pressure-of-fine-grained-shales" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Effect of Strength Class of Concrete and Curing Conditions on Capillary Water Absorption of Self-Compacting and Conventional Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ebru%20Demirci">E. Ebru Demirci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20%C5%9Eahin"> Remzi Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to compare Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Conventional Concrete (CC) in terms of their capillary water absorption. During the comparison of SCC and CC, the effects of two different factors were also investigated: concrete strength class and curing condition. In the study, both SCC and CC were produced in three different concrete classes (C25, C50 and C70) and the other parameter (i.e curing condition) was determined as two levels: moisture and air curing. It was observed that, for both curing environments and all strength classes of concrete, SCCs had lower capillary water absorption values than that of CCs. It was also detected that, for both SCC and CC, capillary water absorption values of samples kept in moisture curing were significantly lower than that of samples stored in air curing. Additionally, it was determined that capillary water absorption values for both SCC and CC decrease with increasing strength class of concrete for both curing environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20water%20absorption" title="capillary water absorption">capillary water absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20condition" title=" curing condition"> curing condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20beam" title=" reinforced concrete beam"> reinforced concrete beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-compacting%20concrete" title=" self-compacting concrete"> self-compacting concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19558/effect-of-strength-class-of-concrete-and-curing-conditions-on-capillary-water-absorption-of-self-compacting-and-conventional-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> PTFE Capillary-Based DNA Amplification within an Oscillatory Thermal Cycling Device</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh%20J.%20Chen">Jyh J. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu%20H.%20Yang"> Fu H. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20H.%20Liao"> Ming H. Liao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study describes a capillary-based device integrated with the heating and cooling modules for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The device consists of the reaction polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) capillary, the aluminum blocks, and is equipped with two cartridge heaters, a thermoelectric (TE) cooler, a fan, and some thermocouples for temperature control. The cartridge heaters are placed into the heating blocks and maintained at two different temperatures to achieve the denaturation and the extension step. Some thermocouples inserted into the capillary are used to obtain the transient temperature profiles of the reaction sample during thermal cycles. A 483-bp DNA template is amplified successfully in the designed system and the traditional thermal cycler. This work should be interesting to persons involved in the high-temperature based reactions and genomics or cell analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerase%20chain%20reaction" title="polymerase chain reaction">polymerase chain reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20cycles" title=" thermal cycles"> thermal cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary" title=" capillary"> capillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TE%20cooler" title=" TE cooler"> TE cooler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7439/ptfe-capillary-based-dna-amplification-within-an-oscillatory-thermal-cycling-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> A Critical Appraisal of CO₂ Entrance Pressure with Heat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrar%20Al-Mutairi">Abrar Al-Mutairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talal%20Al-Bazali"> Talal Al-Bazali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, changes in capillary entry pressure of shale, as it interacts with CO₂, under different temperatures (25 °C to 250 °C) have been investigated. The combined impact of temperature and petrophysical properties (water content, water activity, permeability and porosity) of shale was also addressed. Results showed that the capillary entry pressure of shale when it interacted with CO₂ was highly affected by temperature. In general, increasing the temperature decreased capillary entry pressure of shale. We believe that pore dilation, where pore throat size expands due to the application of heat, may have caused this decrease in capillary entry pressure of shale. However, in some cases we found that at higher temperature some shale samples showed that the temperature activated clay swelling may have caused an apparent decrease in pore throat radii of shale which translates into higher capillary entry pressure of shale. Also, our results showed that there is no distinct relationship between shale’s water content, water activity, permeability, and porosity on the capillary entry pressure of shale samples as it interacted with CO₂ at different temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat" title="heat">heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threshold%20pressure" title="threshold pressure">threshold pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20sequestration" title=" CO₂ sequestration"> CO₂ sequestration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shale" title=" shale"> shale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148151/a-critical-appraisal-of-co2-entrance-pressure-with-heat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Effect of Capillary Forces on Wet Granular Avalanches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Jarray">Ahmed Jarray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanessa%20Magnanimo"> Vanessa Magnanimo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Luding"> Stefan Luding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Granular avalanches are ubiquitous in nature and occur in numerous industrial processes associated with particulate systems. When a small amount of liquid is added to a pile of particles, pendular bridges form and the particles are attracted by capillary forces, creating complex structure and flow behavior. We have performed an extensive series of experiments to investigate the effect of capillary force and particle size on wet granular avalanches, and we established a methodology that ensures the control of the granular flow in a rotating drum. The velocity of the free surface and the angle of repose of the particles in the rotating drum are determined using particle tracking method. The capillary force between the particles is significantly reduced by making the glass beads hydrophobic via chemical silanization. We show that the strength of the capillary forces between two adjacent particles can be deliberately manipulated through surface modification of the glass beads, thus, under the right conditions; we demonstrate that the avalanche dynamics can be controlled. The results show that the avalanche amplitude decreases when increasing the capillary force. We also find that liquid-induced cohesion increases the width of the gliding layer and the dynamic angle of repose, however, it decreases the velocity of the free surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avalanche%20dynamics" title="avalanche dynamics">avalanche dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20force" title=" capillary force"> capillary force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20material" title=" granular material"> granular material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20flow" title=" granular flow"> granular flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69253/effect-of-capillary-forces-on-wet-granular-avalanches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69253.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> Two-Phase Flow Modelling and Numerical Simulation for Waterflooding in Enhanced Oil Recovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pe%C3%B1a%20A.%20Roland%20R.">Peña A. Roland R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lozano%20P.%20Jean%20P."> Lozano P. Jean P.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The waterflooding process is an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method that appears tremendously successful. This paper shows the importance of the role of the numerical modelling of waterflooding and how to provide a better description of the fluid flow during this process. The mathematical model is based on the mass conservation equations for the oil and water phases. Rock compressibility and capillary pressure equations are coupled to the mathematical model. For discretizing and linearizing the partial differential equations, we used the Finite Volume technique and the Newton-Raphson method, respectively. The results of three scenarios for waterflooding in porous media are shown. The first scenario was estimating the water saturation in the media without rock compressibility and without capillary pressure. The second scenario was estimating the front of the water considering the rock compressibility and capillary pressure. The third case is to compare different fronts of water saturation for three fluids viscosity ratios without and with rock compressibility and without and with capillary pressure. Results of the simulation indicate that the rock compressibility and the capillary pressure produce changes in the pressure profile and saturation profile during the displacement of the oil for the water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20pressure" title="capillary pressure">capillary pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20compressibility" title=" rock compressibility"> rock compressibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148309/two-phase-flow-modelling-and-numerical-simulation-for-waterflooding-in-enhanced-oil-recovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Numerical Study on the Static Characteristics of Novel Aerostatic Thrust Bearings Possessing Elastomer Capillary Restrictor and Bearing Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Lo">S. W. Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.-H.%20Lu"> S.-H. Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Guo"> Y. H. Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20C.%20Hsu"> L. C. Hsu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a novel design of aerostatic thrust bearing is proposed and is analyzed numerically. The capillary restrictor and bearing disk are made of elastomer like silicone and PU. The viscoelasticity of elastomer helps the capillary expand for more air flux and at the same time, allows conicity of the bearing surface to form when the air pressure is enhanced. Therefore, the bearing has the better ability of passive compensation. In the present example, as compared with the typical model, the new designs can nearly double the load capability and offer four times static stiffness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerostatic" title="aerostatic">aerostatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastomer" title=" elastomer"> elastomer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20stiffness" title=" static stiffness"> static stiffness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7954/numerical-study-on-the-static-characteristics-of-novel-aerostatic-thrust-bearings-possessing-elastomer-capillary-restrictor-and-bearing-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Scaling Analysis of the Contact Line and Capillary Interaction Induced by a Floating Tilted Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ShiQing%20Gao">ShiQing Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XingYi%20Zhang"> XingYi Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YouHe%20Zhou"> YouHe Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When a floating tilted cylinder pierces a fluid interface, the fulfilment of constant-contact-angle condition along the cylinder results in shift, stretch and distortion of the contact line, thus leading to a capillary interaction. We perform an investigation of the scaling dependence of tilt angle, contact angle, and cylinder radius on the contact line profile and the corresponding capillary interaction by numerical simulation and experiment. Characterized by three characteristic parameters respectively, the dependences for each deformation mode are systematically analyzed. Both the experiment and simulation reveals an invariant structure that is independent of contact angle and radius to characterize the stretch of the contact line for every tilted case. Based on this observation, we then propose a general capillary force scaling law to incredibly grasp all the simulated results, by simply approximating the contact line profile as tilted ellipse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas-liquid%2Fliquid-fluid%20interface" title="gas-liquid/liquid-fluid interface">gas-liquid/liquid-fluid interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colloidal%20particle" title=" colloidal particle"> colloidal particle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20line%20shape" title=" contact line shape"> contact line shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20interaction" title=" capillary interaction"> capillary interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20evolver%20%28SE%29" title=" surface evolver (SE)"> surface evolver (SE)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53570/scaling-analysis-of-the-contact-line-and-capillary-interaction-induced-by-a-floating-tilted-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Effect of Strength Class of Concrete and Curing Conditions on Capillary Absorption of Self-Compacting and Conventional Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Ebru%20Demirci">Emine Ebru Demirci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20%C5%9Eahin"> Remzi Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to compare Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Conventional Concrete (CC), which are used in beams with dense reinforcement, in terms of their capillary absorption. During the comparison of SCC and CC, the effects of two different factors were also investigated: concrete strength class and curing condition. In the study, both SCC and CC were produced in three different concrete classes (C25, C50 and C70) and the other parameter (i.e curing condition) was determined as two levels: moisture and air curing. Beam dimensions were determined to be 200 x 250 x 3000 mm. Reinforcements of the beams were calculated and placed as 2ø12 for the top and 3ø12 for the bottom. Stirrups with dimension 8 mm were used as lateral rebar and stirrup distances were chosen as 10 cm in the confinement zone and 15 cm at the central zone. In this manner, densification of rebars in lateral cross-sections of beams and handling of SCC in real conditions were aimed. Concrete covers of the rebars were chosen to be equal in all directions as 25 mm. The capillary absorption measurements were performed on core samples taken from the beams. Core samples of ø8x16 cm were taken from the beginning (0-100 cm), middle (100-200 cm) and end (200-300 cm) region of the beams according to the casting direction of SCC. However core samples were taken from lateral surface of the beams. In the study, capillary absorption experiments were performed according to Turkish Standard TS EN 13057. It was observed that, for both curing environments and all strength classes of concrete, SCC’s had lower capillary absorption values than that of CC’s. The capillary absorption values of C25 class of SCC are 11% and 16% lower than that of C25 class of CC for air and moisture conditions, respectively. For C50 class, these decreases were 6% and 18%, while for C70 class, they were 16% and 9%, respectively. It was also detected that, for both SCC and CC, capillary absorption values of samples kept in moisture curing are significantly lower than that of samples stored in air curing. For CC’s; C25, C50 and C70 class moisture-cured samples were found to have 26%, 12% and 31% lower capillary absorption values, respectively, when compared to the air-cured ones. For SCC’s; these values were 30%, 23% and 24%, respectively. Apart from that, it was determined that capillary absorption values for both SCC and CC decrease with increasing strength class of concrete for both curing environments. It was found that, for air cured CC, C50 and C70 class of concretes had 39% and 63% lower capillary absorption values compared to the C25 class of concrete. For the same type of concrete samples cured in the moisture environment, these values were found to be 27% and 66%. It was found that for SCC samples, capillary absorption value of C50 and C70 concretes, which were kept in air curing, were 35% and 65% lower than that of C25, while for moisture-cured samples these values were 29% and 63%, respectively. When standard deviations of the capillary absorption values are compared for core samples obtained from the beginning, middle and end of the CC and SCC beams, it was found that, in all three strength classes of concrete, the variation is much smaller for SCC than CC. This demonstrated that SCC’s had more uniform character than CC’s. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title="self compacting concrete">self compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20beam" title=" reinforced concrete beam"> reinforced concrete beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20absorption" title=" capillary absorption"> capillary absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength%20class" title=" strength class"> strength class</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20condition" title=" curing condition"> curing condition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14709/effect-of-strength-class-of-concrete-and-curing-conditions-on-capillary-absorption-of-self-compacting-and-conventional-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> The Effect of Mineral Addition (Natural Pozzolana) on the Capillary Absorption and Compressive Strength of Environmental Mortar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Deboucha">W. Deboucha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Oudjit"> M. N. Oudjit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bouzid"> A. Bouzid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Belagraa"> L. Belagraa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Noui"> A.Noui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cement manufacturing is the one of the factors that pollutes the atmosphere in the industrial sector. The common way to reduce this pollution is using mineral additions as partial replacement of Portland cement. Particularly, natural pozzolana (NP) is component in which they can be used to decrease the rate of pollution. The main objective of this experimental work is the study of the effect of mineral addition (natural pozzolana) on the capillary water absorption and compressive-flexural strength of cement mortar. The results obtained in the present research showed that the higher dosages of natural pozzolana added could be the principal parameter of such decrease in strength at early and medium term. Further, this increase of incorporated addition has been believed to reduce the capillary water absorption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natural%20pozzolana" title="Natural pozzolana">Natural pozzolana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title=" mortar"> mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20absorption" title=" capillary absorption"> capillary absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18222/the-effect-of-mineral-addition-natural-pozzolana-on-the-capillary-absorption-and-compressive-strength-of-environmental-mortar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Rising Velocity of a Non-Newtonian Liquids in Capillary Tubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Sabbagh">Reza Sabbagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Hasanovich"> Linda Hasanovich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksey%20Baldygin"> Aleksey Baldygin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20S.%20Nobes"> David S. Nobes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20R.%20Waghmare"> Prashant R. Waghmare</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The capillary filling process is significantly important to study for numerous applications such as the under filling of the material in electronic packaging or liquid hydrocarbons seepage through porous structure. The approximation of the fluid being Newtonian, i.e., linear relationship between the shear stress and deformation rate cannot be justified in cases where the extent of non-Newtonian behavior of liquid governs the surface driven transport, i.e., capillarity action. In this study, the capillary action of a non-Newtonian fluid is not only analyzed, but also the modified generalized theoretical analysis for the capillary transport is proposed. The commonly observed three regimes: surface forces dominant (travelling air-liquid interface), developing flow (viscous force dominant), and developed regimes (interfacial, inertial and viscous forces are comparable) are identified. The velocity field along each regime is quantified with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid in square shaped vertically oriented channel. Theoretical understanding of capillary imbibition process, particularly in the case of Newtonian fluids, is relied on the simplified assumption of a fully developed velocity profile which has been revisited for developing a modified theory for the capillary transport of non-Newtonian fluids. Furthermore, the development of the velocity profile from the entrance regime to the developed regime, for different power law fluids, is also investigated theoretically and experimentally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary" title="capillary">capillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-Newtonian%20flow" title=" non-Newtonian flow"> non-Newtonian flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shadowgraphy" title=" shadowgraphy"> shadowgraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rising%20velocity" title=" rising velocity"> rising velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59636/rising-velocity-of-a-non-newtonian-liquids-in-capillary-tubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> Compressive Strength and Capillary Water Absorption of Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregate </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%C5%9Fim%20Tosun">Yeşim Tosun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20%C5%9Eahin"> Remzi Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents results of compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and density tests conducted on concrete containing recycled aggregate (RCA) which is obtained from structural waste generated by the construction industry in Turkey. In the experiments, 0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% of the normal (natural) coarse aggregate was replaced by the recycled aggregate. Maximum aggregate particle sizes were selected as 16 mm, 22,4 mm and 31,5 mm; and 0,06%, 0,13% and 0,20% of air-entraining agent (AEA) were used in mixtures. Fly ash and superplasticizer were used as a mineral and chemical admixture, respectively. The same type (CEM I 42.5) and constant dosage of cement were used in the study. Water/cement ratio was kept constant as 0.53 for all mixture. It was concluded that capillary water absorption, compressive strength, and density of concrete decreased with increasing RCA ratio. Increasing in maximum aggregate particle size and amount of AEA also affect the properties of concrete significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20water%20absorption" title="capillary water absorption">capillary water absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete%20aggregates" title=" recycled concrete aggregates "> recycled concrete aggregates </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29454/compressive-strength-and-capillary-water-absorption-of-concrete-containing-recycled-aggregate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> Estimation of Relative Permeabilities and Capillary Pressures in Shale Using Simulation Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20C.%20Amadi">F. C. Amadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20C.%20Enyi"> G. C. Enyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Nasr"> G. Nasr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relative permeabilities are practical factors that are used to correct the single phase Darcy’s law for application to multiphase flow. For effective characterisation of large-scale multiphase flow in hydrocarbon recovery, relative permeability and capillary pressures are used. These parameters are acquired via special core flooding experiments. Special core analysis (SCAL) module of reservoir simulation is applied by engineers for the evaluation of these parameters. But, core flooding experiments in shale core sample are expensive and time consuming before various flow assumptions are achieved for instance Darcy’s law. This makes it imperative for the application of coreflooding simulations in which various analysis of relative permeabilities and capillary pressures of multiphase flow can be carried out efficiently and effectively at a relative pace. This paper presents a Sendra software simulation of core flooding to achieve to relative permeabilities and capillary pressures using different correlations. The approach used in this study was three steps. The first step, the basic petrophysical parameters of Marcellus shale sample such as porosity was determined using laboratory techniques. Secondly, core flooding was simulated for particular scenario of injection using different correlations. And thirdly the best fit correlations for the estimation of relative permeability and capillary pressure was obtained. This research approach saves cost and time and very reliable in the computation of relative permeability and capillary pressures at steady or unsteady state, drainage or imbibition processes in oil and gas industry when compared to other methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20permeabilty" title="relative permeabilty">relative permeabilty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1-D%20black%20oil%20simulator" title=" 1-D black oil simulator"> 1-D black oil simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20pressures" title=" capillary pressures"> capillary pressures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32600/estimation-of-relative-permeabilities-and-capillary-pressures-in-shale-using-simulation-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Heat Exchanger Optimization of a Domestic Refrigerator with Separate Cooling Circuits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugba%20Tosun">Tugba Tosun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mert%20Tosun"> Mert Tosun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cooling system performance and energy consumption in the bypass two-circuit cycle have been studied experimentally to find optimum evaporator type and geometry, capillary tube diameter and capillary length. Two types of evaporators, such as wire on the tube and finned tube evaporators were used for the experiments in the fresh food compartment. As capillary tube inner diameter and total length; 0.66 mm and 0.8mm, and 3000 mm and 3500 mm were selected as parameters, respectively. Experiments were performed at the 25⁰C ambient temperature while the average temperature of the fresh food compartment is kept at 5⁰C and the highest package temperature of the freezer compartment is kept at -18⁰C, which are defined in IEC 62552 European standard. The Design of Experiments (DOE) technique which is six sigma method has been used to indicate of effective parameters in the bypass two-circuit cycle. The experimental results revealed that the most effective parameter of the system is the evaporator type. Finned tube evaporator with 12 tube passes was found as the best option for the bypass two-circuit refrigeration cycle among the 8 different opportunities. The optimum cooling performance and the lowest energy consumption were provided with 0.66 mm capillary tube inner diameter and 3500 mm capillary tube length. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20tube" title="capillary tube">capillary tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refrigerator" title=" refrigerator"> refrigerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separate%20cooling%20circuits" title=" separate cooling circuits"> separate cooling circuits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105366/heat-exchanger-optimization-of-a-domestic-refrigerator-with-separate-cooling-circuits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">187</span> Drug Delivery to Solid Tumor: Effect of Dynamic Capillary Network Induced by Tumor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Sefidgar">Mostafa Sefidgar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaamran%20Raahemifar"> Kaamran Raahemifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Bazmara"> Hossein Bazmara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madjid%20Soltani"> Madjid Soltani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The computational methods provide condition for investigation related to the process of drug delivery, such as convection and diffusion of drug in extracellular matrices, and drug extravasation from microvascular. The information of this process clarifies the mechanisms of drug delivery from the injection site to absorption by a solid tumor. In this study, an advanced numerical method is used to solve fluid flow and solute transport equations simultaneously to show how capillary network structure induced by tumor affects drug delivery. The effect of heterogeneous capillary network induced by tumor on interstitial fluid flow and drug delivery is investigated by this multi scale method. The sprouting angiogenesis model is used for generating capillary network induced by tumor. Fluid flow governing equations are implemented to calculate blood flow through the tumor-induced capillary network and fluid flow in normal and tumor tissues. The Starling’s law is used for closing this system of equations and coupling the intravascular and extravascular flows. Finally, convection-diffusion-reaction equation is used to simulate drug delivery. The dynamic approach which changes the capillary network structure based on signals sent by hemodynamic and metabolic stimuli is used in this study for more realistic assumption. The study indicates that drug delivery to solid tumors depends on the tumor induced capillary network structure. The dynamic approach generates the irregular capillary network around the tumor and predicts a higher interstitial pressure in the tumor region. This elevated interstitial pressure with irregular capillary network leads to a heterogeneous distribution of drug in the tumor region similar to in vivo observations. The investigation indicates that the drug transport properties have a significant role against the physiological barrier of drug delivery to a solid tumor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20tumor" title="solid tumor">solid tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological%20barriers%20to%20drug%20delivery" title=" physiological barriers to drug delivery"> physiological barriers to drug delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title=" angiogenesis"> angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microvascular%20network" title=" microvascular network"> microvascular network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solute%20transport" title=" solute transport"> solute transport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37128/drug-delivery-to-solid-tumor-effect-of-dynamic-capillary-network-induced-by-tumor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">186</span> Pulsed Vortex Flow in Low–Temperature Range Heat Pipes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Seryakov">A. V. Seryakov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work presents part calculation and part experimental research of the intensification of heat-transfer characteristics of medium-temperature heat pipes. Presented is a vapour jet nozzle, similar to the Laval nozzle, surrounded by a capillary-porous insert along the full length of the heat pipe axial to the direction of heat flow. This increases velocity of the vapour flow, heat-transfer coefficient and pulse rate of two-phase vapour flow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium-temperature%20range%20heat%20pipes" title="medium-temperature range heat pipes">medium-temperature range heat pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary-porous%20insert" title=" capillary-porous insert"> capillary-porous insert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20steam%20injectors" title=" capillary steam injectors"> capillary steam injectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laval%20nozzle" title=" Laval nozzle"> Laval nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation%20sensor" title=" condensation sensor"> condensation sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7180/pulsed-vortex-flow-in-low-temperature-range-heat-pipes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">185</span> Rapid Method for the Determination of Acid Dyes by Capillary Electrophoresis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Can%20Hu">Can Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huixia%20Shi"> Huixia Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongcheng%20Mei"> Hongcheng Mei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Zhu"> Jun Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongling%20Guo"> Hongling Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Textile fibers are important trace evidence and frequently encountered in criminal investigations. A significant aspect of fiber evidence examination is the determination of fiber dyes. Although several instrumental methods have been developed for dyes detection, the analysis speed is not fast enough yet. A rapid dye analysis method is still needed to further improve the efficiency of case handling. Capillary electrophoresis has the advantages of high separation speed and high separation efficiency and is an ideal method for the rapid analysis of fiber dyes. In this paper, acid dyes used for protein fiber dyeing were determined by a developed short-end injection capillary electrophoresis technique. Five acid red dyes with similar structures were successfully baseline separated within 5 min. The separation reproducibility is fairly good for the relative standard deviation of retention time is 0.51%. The established method is rapid and accurate which has great potential to be applied in forensic setting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20dyes" title="acid dyes">acid dyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20electrophoresis" title=" capillary electrophoresis"> capillary electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20evidence" title=" fiber evidence"> fiber evidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20determination" title=" rapid determination"> rapid determination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103782/rapid-method-for-the-determination-of-acid-dyes-by-capillary-electrophoresis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">184</span> Visual Detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) through Formation of Beads Aggregation in Capillary Tube by Rolling Circle Amplification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Ram%20Choi">Bo Ram Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Su%20Kim"> Ji Su Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juyeon%20Cho"> Juyeon Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyukjin%20Lee"> Hyukjin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food contaminated by bacteria (E.coli), causes food poisoning, which occurs to many patients worldwide annually. We have introduced an application of rolling circle amplification (RCA) as a versatile biosensor and developed a diagnostic platform composed of capillary tube and microbeads for rapid and easy detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). When specific mRNA of E.coli is extracted from cell lysis, rolling circle amplification (RCA) of DNA template can be achieved and can be visualized by beads aggregation in capillary tube. In contrast, if there is no bacterial pathogen in sample, no beads aggregation can be seen. This assay is possible to detect visually target gene without specific equipment. It is likely to the development of a genetic kit for point of care testing (POCT) that can detect target gene using microbeads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20circle%20amplification%20%28RCA%29" title="rolling circle amplification (RCA)">rolling circle amplification (RCA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Escherichia%20coli%20%28E.%20coli%29" title=" Escherichia coli (E. coli)"> Escherichia coli (E. coli)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20of%20care%20testing%20%28POCT%29" title=" point of care testing (POCT)"> point of care testing (POCT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beads%20aggregation" title=" beads aggregation"> beads aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20tube" title=" capillary tube"> capillary tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72639/visual-detection-of-escherichia-coli-e-coli-through-formation-of-beads-aggregation-in-capillary-tube-by-rolling-circle-amplification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">183</span> Rapid Separation of Biomolecules and Neutral Analytes with a Cationic Stationary Phase by Capillary Electrochromatography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Aslihan%20Gokaltun">A. Aslihan Gokaltun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Tuncel"> Ali Tuncel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unique properties of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) such as high performance, high selectivity, low consumption of both reagents and analytes ensure this technique an attractive one for the separation of biomolecules including nucleosides and nucleotides, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates. Monoliths have become a well-established separation media for CEC in the format that can be compared to a single large 'particle' that does not include interparticular voids. Convective flow through the pores of monolith significantly accelerates the rate of mass transfer and enables a substantial increase in the speed of the separation. In this work, we propose a new approach for the preparation of cationic monolithic stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography. Instead of utilizing a charge bearing monomer during polymerization, the desired charge-bearing group is generated on the capillary monolith after polymerization by using the reactive moiety of the monolithic support via one-pot, simple reaction. Optimized monolithic column compensates the disadvantages of frequently used reversed phases, which are difficult for separation of polar solutes. Rapid separation and high column efficiencies are achieved for the separation of neutral analytes, nucleic acid bases and nucleosides in reversed phase mode. Capillary monolith showed satisfactory hydrodynamic permeability and mechanical stability with relative standard deviation (RSD) values below 2 %. A new promising, reactive support that has a 'ligand selection flexibility' due to its reactive functionality represent a new family of separation media for CEC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomolecules" title="biomolecules">biomolecules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20electrochromatography" title=" capillary electrochromatography"> capillary electrochromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20monolith" title=" cationic monolith"> cationic monolith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutral%20analytes" title=" neutral analytes"> neutral analytes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70026/rapid-separation-of-biomolecules-and-neutral-analytes-with-a-cationic-stationary-phase-by-capillary-electrochromatography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">182</span> A Mathematical Analysis of a Model in Capillary Formation: The Roles of Endothelial, Pericyte and Macrophages in the Initiation of Angiogenesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdal%20Pamuk">Serdal Pamuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irem%20Cay"> Irem Cay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our model is based on the theory of reinforced random walks coupled with Michealis-Menten mechanisms which view endothelial cell receptors as the catalysts for transforming both tumor and macrophage derived tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) into proteolytic enzyme which in turn degrade the basal lamina. The model consists of two main parts. First part has seven differential equations (DE’s) in one space dimension over the capillary, whereas the second part has the same number of DE’s in two space dimensions in the extra cellular matrix (ECM). We connect these two parts via some boundary conditions to move the cells into the ECM in order to initiate capillary formation. But, when does this movement begin? To address this question we estimate the thresholds that activate the transport equations in the capillary. We do this by using steady-state analysis of TAF equation under some assumptions. Once these equations are activated endothelial, pericyte and macrophage cells begin to move into the ECM for the initiation of angiogenesis. We do believe that our results play an important role for the mechanisms of cell migration which are crucial for tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, we estimate the long time tendency of these three cells, and find that they tend to the transition probability functions as time evolves. We provide our numerical solutions which are in good agreement with our theoretical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title="angiogenesis">angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20formation" title=" capillary formation"> capillary formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20analysis" title=" mathematical analysis"> mathematical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steady-state" title=" steady-state"> steady-state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20probability%20function" title=" transition probability function"> transition probability function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74388/a-mathematical-analysis-of-a-model-in-capillary-formation-the-roles-of-endothelial-pericyte-and-macrophages-in-the-initiation-of-angiogenesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">181</span> Capillary Wave Motion and Atomization Induced by Surface Acoustic Waves under the Navier-Slip Condition at the Wall</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaime%20E.%20Munoz">Jaime E. Munoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20C.%20Arcos"> Jose C. Arcos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oscar%20E.%20Bautista"> Oscar E. Bautista</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20E.%20Campos"> Ivan E. Campos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of slippage phenomenon over the destabilization and atomization mechanisms induced via surface acoustic waves on a Newtonian, millimeter-sized, drop deposited on a hydrophilic substrate is studied theoretically. By implementing the Navier-slip model and a lubrication-type approach into the equations which govern the dynamic response of a drop exposed to acoustic stress, a highly nonlinear evolution equation for the air-liquid interface is derived in terms of the acoustic capillary number and the slip coefficient. By numerically solving such an evolution equation, the Spatio-temporal deformation of the drop's free surface is obtained; in this context, atomization of the initial drop into micron-sized droplets is predicted at our numerical model once the acoustically-driven capillary waves reach a critical value: the instability length. Our results show slippage phenomenon at systems with partial and complete wetting favors the formation of capillary waves at the free surface, which traduces in a major volume of liquid being atomized in comparison to the no-slip case for a given time interval. In consequence, slippage at the wall possesses the capability to affect and improve the atomization rate for a drop exposed to a high-frequency acoustic field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20instability" title="capillary instability">capillary instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lubrication%20theory" title=" lubrication theory"> lubrication theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navier-slip%20condition" title=" navier-slip condition"> navier-slip condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAW%20atomization" title=" SAW atomization"> SAW atomization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121113/capillary-wave-motion-and-atomization-induced-by-surface-acoustic-waves-under-the-navier-slip-condition-at-the-wall" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">180</span> Experimental Investigation of R600a as a Retrofit for R134a in a Household Refrigerator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20O%20Babarinde">T. O Babarinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A%20Oyawale"> F. A Oyawale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20S%20Ohunakin"> O. S Ohunakin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20O%20Ohunakin"> R. O Ohunakin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20O%20Leramo%20D.S%20Adelekan"> R. O Leramo D.S Adelekan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an experimental study of R600a, environment-friendly refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP), zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), as a substitute for R134a in domestic refrigerator. A refrigerator designed to work with R134a was used for this experiment, the capillary for this experiment was not varied at anytime during the experiment. 40, 60, 80g, charge of R600a were tested against 100 g of R134a under the designed capillary length of the refrigerator, and the performance using R600a was evaluated and compared with its performance when R134a was used. The results obtained showed that the design temperature and pull-down time set by International Standard Organisation (ISO) for small refrigerator was achieved using both 80g of R600a and 100g of R134a but R134a has earlier pulled down time than using R600a. The average coefficient of performance (COP) obtained using R600a is 17.7% higher than that of R134a while the average power consumption is 42.5 % lower than R134a, which shows that R600a can be used as replacement for R134a in domestic refrigerator without necessarily need to modified the capillary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20refrigerator" title="domestic refrigerator">domestic refrigerator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental" title=" experimental"> experimental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R600a" title=" R600a"> R600a</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R134a" title=" R134a"> R134a</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26285/experimental-investigation-of-r600a-as-a-retrofit-for-r134a-in-a-household-refrigerator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">179</span> Algebraic Coupled Level Set-Volume of Fluid Method with Capillary Pressure Treatment for Surface Tension Dominant Two-Phase Flows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Haghshenas">Majid Haghshenas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Wilson"> James Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranganathan%20Kumar"> Ranganathan Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an Algebraic Coupled Level Set-Volume of Fluid (A-CLSVOF) method with capillary pressure treatment is proposed for the modeling of two-phase capillary flows. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) method is utilized to incorporate one-way coupling with the Level Set (LS) function in order to further improve the accuracy of the interface curvature calculation and resulting surface tension force. The capillary pressure is determined and treated independently of the hydrodynamic pressure in the momentum balance in order to maintain consistency between cell centered and interpolated values, resulting in a reduction in parasitic currents. In this method, both VOF and LS functions are transported where the new volume fraction determines the interface seed position used to reinitialize the LS field. The Hamilton-Godunov function is used with a second order (in space and time) discretization scheme to produce a signed distance function. The performance of the current methodology has been tested against some common test cases in order to assess the reduction in non-physical velocities and improvements in the interfacial pressure jump. The cases of a static drop, non-linear Rayleigh-Taylor instability and finally a droplets impact on a liquid pool were simulated to compare the performance of the present method to other well-known methods in the area of parasitic current reduction, interface location evolution and overall agreement with experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title="two-phase flow">two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20flow" title=" capillary flow"> capillary flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension%20force" title=" surface tension force"> surface tension force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coupled%20LS%20with%20VOF" title=" coupled LS with VOF"> coupled LS with VOF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63770/algebraic-coupled-level-set-volume-of-fluid-method-with-capillary-pressure-treatment-for-surface-tension-dominant-two-phase-flows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">178</span> The Experimental Investigation of Temperature Influence on the Oscillations of Particles on Liquid Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sathish%20K.%20Gurupatham">Sathish K. Gurupatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Sayedzada"> Farhad Sayedzada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naji%20Dauk"> Naji Dauk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valmiki%20Sooklal"> Valmiki Sooklal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Ruhala"> Laura Ruhala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It was shown recently that small particles and powders spontaneously disperse on liquid surfaces when they come into contact with the interface for the first time. This happens due to the combined effect of the capillary force, buoyant weight of the particle and the viscous drag that the particle experiences in the liquid. The particle undergoes oscillations normal to the interface before it comes to rest on the interface. These oscillations, in turn, induce a flow on the interface which disperses the particles radially outward. This phenomenon has a significant role in the pollination of sea plants such as Ruppia in which the formation of ‘pollen rafts’ is the first step. This paper investigates, experimentally, the influence of the temperature of the liquid on which this dispersion occurs. It was observed that the frequency of oscillations of the particles decreased with the increase in the temperature of the liquid. It is because the magnitude of capillary force also decreased when the temperature of the liquid increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20dispersion" title="particle dispersion">particle dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20force" title=" capillary force"> capillary force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20drag" title=" viscous drag"> viscous drag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oscillations" title=" oscillations"> oscillations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62666/the-experimental-investigation-of-temperature-influence-on-the-oscillations-of-particles-on-liquid-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">177</span> Comparison with Two Clinical Cases of Plasma Cell Neoplasm by Using the Method of Capillary Electrophoresis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Pai%20Huang">Kai Pai Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: There are several types of plasma cell neoplasms including multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are found in our lab. Today, we want to compare with two cases using the method of capillary electrophoresis. Method: Serum is prepared and electrophoresis is performed at alkaline PH in a capillary using the Sebia® Capillary 2. Albumin and globulins are detected by the detector which is located in the cathode of the capillary and the signals are transformed to peaks. Serum was treated with beta-mercaptoethanol which reducing the polymerized immunoglobulin to monomer immunoglobulin to clarify two M-protein are secreted from the same plasma cell clone in bone marrow. Result: Case 1: A 78-year-old female presenting dysuria, oliguria and leg edema for several months. Laboratory data showed proteinuria, leukocytosis, results of high serum IgA and lambda light chain. A renal biopsy found amyloid fibrils in the glomerular mesangial area. Serum protein electrophoresis shows a major monoclonal peak in the β region and minor small peak in gamma region, and the immunotyping studies for serum showed two IgA/λ type. Case 2: A 55-year-old male presenting abdominal distension and low back pain for more than one month. Laboratory data showed T12 T8 compression fracture, results of high serum IgM and kappa light chain. Bone marrow aspiration showed the cells from the bone marrow are B cells with monotypic kappa chain expression. Bone marrow biopsy found this is lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (Waldenstrom macroglobulin). Serum protein electrophoresis shows a monoclonal peak in the β region and the immunotyping studies for serum showed IgM/κ type. Conclusion: Plasma cell neoplasm can be diagnosed by many examinations. Among them, using capillary electrophoresis by a lab can separate several types of gammopathy and the quantification of a monoclonal peak can be used to evaluate the patients’ prognosis or treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20cell%20neoplasm" title="plasma cell neoplasm">plasma cell neoplasm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20electrophoresis" title=" capillary electrophoresis"> capillary electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20protein%20electrophoresis" title=" serum protein electrophoresis"> serum protein electrophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunotyping" title=" immunotyping"> immunotyping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92305/comparison-with-two-clinical-cases-of-plasma-cell-neoplasm-by-using-the-method-of-capillary-electrophoresis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">176</span> Behavior of Droplets in Microfluidic System with T-Junction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Guellati">A. Guellati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F-M%20Lounis"> F-M Lounis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Guemras"> N. Guemras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Daoud"> K. Daoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro droplet formation is considered as a growing emerging area of research due to its wide-range application in chemistry as well as biology. The mechanism of micro droplet formation using two immiscible liquids running through a T-junction has been widely studied. We believe that the flow of these two immiscible phases can be of greater important factor that could have an impact on out-flow hydrodynamic behavior, the droplets generated and the size of the droplets. In this study, the type of the capillary tubes used also represents another important factor that can have an impact on the generation of micro droplets. The tygon capillary tubing with hydrophilic inner surface doesn't allow regular out-flows due to the fact that the continuous phase doesn't adhere to the wall of the capillary inner surface. Teflon capillary tubing, presents better wettability than tygon tubing, and allows to obtain steady and regular regimes of out-flow, and the micro droplets are homogeneoussize. The size of the droplets is directly dependent on the flows of the continuous and dispersed phases. Thus, as increasing the flow of the continuous phase, to flow of the dispersed phase stationary, the size of the drops decreases. Inversely, while increasing the flow of the dispersed phase, to flow of the continuous phase stationary, the size of the droplet increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidic%20system" title="microfluidic system">microfluidic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20droplets%20generation" title=" micro droplets generation"> micro droplets generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t-junction" title=" t-junction"> t-junction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluids%20engineering" title=" fluids engineering"> fluids engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7208/behavior-of-droplets-in-microfluidic-system-with-t-junction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">175</span> Comparative Studies on Spontaneous Imbibition of Surfactant/Alkaline Solution in Carbonate Rocks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Asgari">M. Asgari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Heydari"> N. Heydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Shojai%20Kaveh"> N. Shojai Kaveh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Ashrafizadeh"> S. N. Ashrafizadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemical flooding methods are having importance in enhanced oil recovery to recover the trapped oil after conventional recovery, as conventional oil resources become scarce. The surfactant/alkaline process consists of injecting alkali and synthetic surfactant. The addition of surfactant to injected water reduces oil/water IFT and/or alters wettability. The alkali generates soap in situ by reaction between the alkali and naphthenic acids in the crude oil. Oil recovery in fractured reservoirs mostly depends on spontaneous imbibition (SI) of brine into matrix blocks. Thus far, few efforts have been made toward understanding the relative influence of capillary and gravity forces on the fluid flow. This paper studies the controlling mechanisms of spontaneous imbibition process in chalk formations by consideration of type and concentration of surfactants, CMC, pH and alkaline reagent concentration. Wetting properties of carbonate rock have been investigated by means of contact-angle measurements. Interfacial-tension measurements were conducted using spinning drop method. Ten imbibition experiments were conducted in atmospheric pressure and various temperatures from 30°C to 50°C. All experiments were conducted above the CMC of each surfactant. The experimental results were evaluated in terms of ultimate oil recovery and reveal that wettability alteration achieved by nonionic surfactant, which led to imbibition of brine sample containing the nonionic surfactant, while IFT value was not in range of ultra low. The displacement of oil was initially dominated by capillary forces. However, for cationic surfactant, gravity forces was the dominant force for oil production by surfactant solution to overcome the negative capillary pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaline" title="alkaline">alkaline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary" title=" capillary"> capillary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity" title=" gravity"> gravity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imbibition" title=" imbibition"> imbibition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wettability" title=" wettability"> wettability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85421/comparative-studies-on-spontaneous-imbibition-of-surfactantalkaline-solution-in-carbonate-rocks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">174</span> Mathematical Model for Output Yield Obtained by Single Slope Solar Still</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Nagaraju">V. Nagaraju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Murali"> G. Murali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagarjunavarma%20Ganna"> Nagarjunavarma Ganna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atluri%20Pavan%20Kalyan"> Atluri Pavan Kalyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sree%20Sai%20Ganesh"> N. Sree Sai Ganesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20V.%20S.%20Badrinath"> V. S. V. S. Badrinath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work focuses on the development of a mathematical model for the yield obtained by single slope solar still incorporated with cylindrical pipes filled with sand. The mathematical results obtained were validated with the experimental results for the 3 cm of water level at the basin. The mathematical model and results obtained with the experimental investigation are within 11% of deviation. The theoretical model to predict the yield obtained due to the capillary effect was proposed first. And then, to predict the total yield obtained, the thermal effect model was integrated with the capillary effect model. With the obtained results, it is understood that the yield obtained is more in the case of solar stills with sand-filled cylindrical pipes when compared to solar stills without sand-filled cylindrical pipes. And later model was used for predicting yield for 1 cm and 2 cm of water levels at the basin. And it is observed that the maximum yield was obtained for a 1 cm water level at the basin. It means solar still produces better yield with the lower depth of water level at the basin; this may be because of the availability of more space in the sand for evaporation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20still" title="solar still">solar still</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylindrical%20pipes" title=" cylindrical pipes"> cylindrical pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=still%20efficiency" title=" still efficiency"> still efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20effect%20model" title=" capillary effect model"> capillary effect model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20desalination" title=" solar desalination"> solar desalination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132116/mathematical-model-for-output-yield-obtained-by-single-slope-solar-still" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">173</span> Loop Heat Pipe Two-Phase Heat Transports: Guidelines for Technology Utilization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Triem%20T.%20Hoang">Triem T. Hoang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Loop heat pipes (LHPs) are two-phase capillary-pumped heat transports. An appropriate working fluid is selected for the intended application temperature range. A closed-loop is evacuated to a high vacuum, back-filled partially with the working fluid, and then hermetically sealed under the fluid own pressure. Heat from a heat source conducts through the evaporator casing to vaporize liquid on the outer surface of the wick structure inside the evaporator. The generated vapor is compelled to vent out of the evaporator and into the vapor line for transport to the condenser assembly. There, heat is removed and rejected to a heat sink to condensed vapor back to liquid. The liquid exits the condenser and travels in the liquid line to return to the evaporator to complete the cycle. The circulation of fluid, and thus the heat transport in the LHP, is accomplished entirely by capillary action. The LHP contains no mechanical moving part to wear out or break down and, therefore possesses, reliability and a long life even without maintenance. In this paper, the author not only attempts to introduce the LHP technology in simplistic terms to those who are not familiar with it but also provides necessary technical information to potential users for the proper design and analysis of the LHP system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20heat%20transfer" title="two-phase heat transfer">two-phase heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loop%20heat%20pipe" title=" loop heat pipe"> loop heat pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary%20pumped%20technology" title=" capillary pumped technology"> capillary pumped technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal-fluid%20modeling" title=" thermal-fluid modeling"> thermal-fluid modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130646/loop-heat-pipe-two-phase-heat-transports-guidelines-for-technology-utilization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capillary&page=4">4</a></li> <li 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