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कर्मन् - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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class="Deva">कर्मन्</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" title="कर्मन् – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="कर्मन्" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sanskrit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_scripts">Alternative scripts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Alternative scripts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" style="max-width:40em"><div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightblue,#d9ebff);color:inherit">Alternative scripts</div><div class="NavContent" style="text-align:left"><ul><li><span class="Beng as-Beng" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="কৰ্মন্ (page does not exist)">কৰ্মন্</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Assamese script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Bali" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%AC%93%E1%AC%83%E1%AC%AB%E1%AC%A6%E1%AD%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ᬓᬃᬫᬦ᭄ (page does not exist)">ᬓᬃᬫᬦ᭄</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Balinese script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Beng" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="কর্মন্ (page does not exist)">কর্মন্</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Bengali script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Bhks" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%B0%8E%F0%91%B0%A8%F0%91%B0%BF%F0%91%B0%A6%F0%91%B0%A1%F0%91%B0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑰎𑰨𑰿𑰦𑰡𑰿 (page does not exist)">𑰎𑰨𑰿𑰦𑰡𑰿</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Bhaiksuki script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Brah" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%80%93%F0%91%80%AD%F0%91%81%86%F0%91%80%AB%F0%91%80%A6%F0%91%81%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀫𑀦𑁆 (page does not exist)">𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀫𑀦𑁆</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Brahmi script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Mymr" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ကရ်္မန် (page does not exist)">ကရ်္မန်</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Burmese script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Gujr" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="કર્મન્ (page does not exist)">કર્મન્</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Gujarati script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Guru" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਕਰ੍ਮਨ੍ (page does not exist)">ਕਰ੍ਮਨ੍</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Gurmukhi script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Gran" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%8C%95%F0%91%8C%B0%F0%91%8D%8D%F0%91%8C%AE%F0%91%8C%A8%F0%91%8D%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑌕𑌰𑍍𑌮𑌨𑍍 (page does not exist)">𑌕𑌰𑍍𑌮𑌨𑍍</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Grantha script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Java" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%A6%8F%EA%A6%82%EA%A6%A9%EA%A6%A4%EA%A7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꦏꦂꦩꦤ꧀ (page does not exist)">ꦏꦂꦩꦤ꧀</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Javanese script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Kthi" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%82%8D%F0%91%82%A9%F0%91%82%B9%F0%91%82%A7%F0%91%82%A2%F0%91%82%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑂍𑂩𑂹𑂧𑂢𑂹 (page does not exist)">𑂍𑂩𑂹𑂧𑂢𑂹</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Kaithi script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Knda" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ಕರ್ಮೝ (page does not exist)">ಕರ್ಮೝ</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Kannada script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Khmr" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%8C%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="កម៌ន៑ (page does not exist)">កម៌ន៑</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Khmer script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Laoo" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%BA%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ກຣ຺ມນ຺ (page does not exist)">ກຣ຺ມນ຺</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Lao script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Mlym" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="കര്മന് (page does not exist)">കര്മന്</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Malayalam script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Mong mnc-Mong" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%A1%AC%E1%A0%A0%E1%A1%B5%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ᡬᠠᡵᠮᠠᠨ (page does not exist)">ᡬᠠᡵᠮᠠᠨ</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Manchu script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Modi" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%98%8E%F0%91%98%A8%F0%91%98%BF%F0%91%98%A6%F0%91%98%A1%F0%91%98%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘦𑘡𑘿 (page does not exist)">𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘦𑘡𑘿</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Modi script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Mong" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%A2%89%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%B7%E1%A0%AE%E1%A0%A0%E1%A0%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ᢉᠠᠷᠮᠠᠨ (page does not exist)">ᢉᠠᠷᠮᠠᠨ</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Mongolian script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Nand" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%A6%AE%F0%91%A7%88%F0%91%A7%A0%F0%91%A7%86%F0%91%A7%81%F0%91%A7%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑦮𑧈𑧠𑧆𑧁𑧠 (page does not exist)">𑦮𑧈𑧠𑧆𑧁𑧠</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Nandinagari script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Newa" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%90%8E%F0%91%90%AC%F0%91%91%82%F0%91%90%A9%F0%91%90%A3%F0%91%91%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑐎𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐣𑑂 (page does not exist)">𑐎𑐬𑑂𑐩𑐣𑑂</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Newa script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Orya" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="କର୍ମନ୍ (page does not exist)">କର୍ମନ୍</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Odia script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Saur" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%A2%92%EA%A2%AC%EA%A3%84%EA%A2%AA%EA%A2%A5%EA%A3%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ꢒꢬ꣄ꢪꢥ꣄ (page does not exist)">ꢒꢬ꣄ꢪꢥ꣄</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Saurashtra script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Shrd" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%86%91%F0%91%86%AB%F0%91%87%80%F0%91%86%A9%F0%91%86%A4%F0%91%87%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑆑𑆫𑇀𑆩𑆤𑇀 (page does not exist)">𑆑𑆫𑇀𑆩𑆤𑇀</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Sharada script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Sidd" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%96%8E%F0%91%96%A8%F0%91%96%BF%F0%91%96%A6%F0%91%96%A1%F0%91%96%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑖎𑖨𑖿𑖦𑖡𑖿 (page does not exist)">𑖎𑖨𑖿𑖦𑖡𑖿</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Siddham script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Sinh" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="කර්මන් (page does not exist)">කර්මන්</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Sinhalese script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Soyo" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%A9%9C%F0%91%A9%BC_%F0%91%AA%99%F0%91%A9%B4%F0%91%A9%AF_%F0%91%AA%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑩜𑩼 𑪙𑩴𑩯 𑪙 (page does not exist)">𑩜𑩼 𑪙𑩴𑩯 𑪙</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Soyombo script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Takr" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%9A%8A%F0%91%9A%A4%F0%91%9A%B6%F0%91%9A%A2%F0%91%9A%9D%F0%91%9A%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑚊𑚤𑚶𑚢𑚝𑚶 (page does not exist)">𑚊𑚤𑚶𑚢𑚝𑚶</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Takri script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Taml" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="கர்மந் (page does not exist)">கர்மந்</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Tamil script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Telu" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="కర్మౝ (page does not exist)">కర్మౝ</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Telugu script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Thai" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%BA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="กรฺมนฺ (page does not exist)">กรฺมนฺ</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Thai script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Tibt" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BE%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ཀ་རྨ་ན྄ (page does not exist)">ཀ་རྨ་ན྄</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Tibetan script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Tirh" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%92%8F%F0%91%92%A9%F0%91%93%82%F0%91%92%A7%F0%91%92%A2%F0%91%93%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒧𑒢𑓂 (page does not exist)">𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒧𑒢𑓂</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Tirhuta script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li><li><span class="Zanb" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%A8%8B%F0%91%A8%AB%F0%91%A9%87%F0%91%A8%A2%F0%91%A8%9D%F0%91%A8%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑨋𑨫𑩇𑨢𑨝𑨴 (page does not exist)">𑨋𑨫𑩇𑨢𑨝𑨴</a></span> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">Zanabazar Square script</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><ul id="Sanskrit:_act"></ul><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80869814">.mw-parser-output .etytree{width:max-content;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;box-sizing:border-box}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree{min-width:min-content}@media screen and (max-width:719px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree{width:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree .NavHead>div{width:unset!important}}</style><div class="etytree NavFrame" data-etytree-height="3" data-etytree-width="2"><div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightergrey,#eeeeee);color:inherit"><div style="width:25em">Etymology tree</div></div><div class="NavContent" style="overflow:auto"><div style="width:fit-content;margin:auto;padding:0.5em;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;column-gap:0.5em;align-items:end"><div style="display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center"><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Indo-European</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/k%CA%B7er-#Proto-Indo-European:_do" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷer-">*kʷer-</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Sanskrit</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83#Sanskrit:_do" title="कृ">कृ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">kṛ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></div><span style="align-self:start;left:50%;width:calc(50% + 0.25em);height:10px;position:relative;border-bottom:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e);border-left:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e);border-bottom-left-radius:4px"></span></div><div style="display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center"><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Sanskrit</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D#Sanskrit" title="-मन्">-मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">-man</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></div><span style="align-self:end;right:50%;width:calc(50% + 0.25em);height:10px;position:relative;border-bottom:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e);border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e);border-bottom-right-radius:4px"></span></div></div><span style="position:relative;height:10px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Sanskrit</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><b>कर्मन्</b></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn"><b>karman</b></span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></div></div></div></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#579" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Uṇ.</a> iv, 144 an inner-Sanskrit derivation from the root <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83#Sanskrit" title="कृ">कृ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">kṛ</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to do, make, perform etc.</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> +‎ <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/-%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D#Sanskrit" title="-मन्">-मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">-man</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. If inherited from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro">*kʷérmn̥</i>, the paradigm must have been leveled from the weak stem, e.g. <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-Iranian_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-Iranian language">Proto-Indo-Iranian</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="iir-pro">*čárma, *kr̥mán-</i> > <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-Aryan_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-Aryan language">Proto-Indo-Aryan</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="inc-pro">*kárma, *kárman-</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_Sanskrit" class="extiw" title="w:Vedic Sanskrit">Vedic</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Sanskrit phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/kɐ́ɾ.mɐn/</span></li> <li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Sanskrit" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Sanskrit">Classical Sanskrit</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit_phonology" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Sanskrit phonology">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ˈkɐɾ.mɐn̪/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noun">Noun</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Noun"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Deva headword" lang="sa">कर्मन्</strong> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Sanskrit_transliteration" title="Wiktionary:Sanskrit transliteration">•</a> (<span lang="sa-Latn" class="headword-tr manual-tr tr Latn" dir="ltr">kárman</span>) <span class="ib-content qualifier-content">stem</span>, <span class="gender"><abbr title="neuter gender">n</abbr></span></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/act" title="act">act</a>, <a href="/wiki/action" title="action">action</a>, <a href="/wiki/performance" title="performance">performance</a>, <a href="/wiki/business" title="business">business</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#431" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">RV.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#23" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">AV.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#457" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">ŚBr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#299" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">MBh.</a> etc.) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda" class="extiw" title="w:Rigveda">RV</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Rig_Veda/Mandala_1/Hymn_31" class="extiw" title="s:The Rig Veda/Mandala 1/Hymn 31">1.31.8c</a> <dl><dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">तवं नो अग्ने सनये धनानां यशसं कारुं कर्णुहि सतवानः</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">रध्याम <b>कर्मा</b>पसा नवेन देवैर्द्यावाप्र्थिवी परावतं नः</span> || <dl><dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">tvaṃ no agne sanaye dhanānāṃ yaśasaṃ kāruṃ kṛṇuhi stavānaḥ</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">ṛdhyāma <b>karmā</b>pasā navena devairdyāvāpṛthivī prāvataṃ naḥ</span> || <dl><dd>O Agni, highly lauded, make our singer famous that he may win us store of riches:</dd> <dd>May we improve the rite with new <b>performance</b>. O Earth and Heaven, with all the Gods, protect us.</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda" class="extiw" title="w:Rigveda">RV</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Rig_Veda/Mandala_1/Hymn_62" class="extiw" title="s:The Rig Veda/Mandala 1/Hymn 62">1.62.6a</a> <dl><dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">तदु परयक्षतममस्य <b>कर्म</b> दस्मस्य चारुतममस्ति दंसः</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">उपह्वरे यदुपरा अपिन्वन मध्वर्णसो नद्यश्चतस्रः</span> || <dl><dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">tadu prayakṣatamamasya <b>karma</b> dasmasya cārutamamasti daṃsaḥ</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">upahvare yaduparā apinvan madhvarṇaso nadyaścatasraḥ</span> || <dl><dd>This is the <b>deed</b> most worthy of all honour, the fairest marvel of the Wonder-Worker,</dd> <dd>That, nigh where heaven bends down, he made four rivers flow full with waves that carry down sweet water.</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/office" title="office">office</a>, special <a href="/wiki/duty" title="duty">duty</a>, <a href="/wiki/occupation" title="occupation">occupation</a>, <a href="/wiki/obligation" title="obligation">obligation</a>; frequently at the end of a compound, the first member of the compound being either the <a href="/wiki/person" title="person">person</a> who performs the action <dl><dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="वणिक्कर्मन् (page does not exist)">वणिक्कर्मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">vaṇik-karman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>the business or occupation of a merchant, trade</i></dd></dl></li> <li>or the <a href="/wiki/person" title="person">person</a> or thing for or towards whom the action is performed <dl><dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="राजकर्मन् (page does not exist)">राजकर्मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">rāja-karman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>the business or duty of a king</i></dd> <dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="पशुकर्मन् (page does not exist)">पशुकर्मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">paśu-karman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>the act of offering the victim, sacrifice</i></dd></dl></li> <li>or a <a href="/wiki/specification" title="specification">specification</a> of the <a href="/wiki/action" title="action">action</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#457" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">ŚBr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#337" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Mn.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#82" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Bhartṛ.</a> etc.) <dl><dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="शौर्यकर्मन् (page does not exist)">शौर्यकर्मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">śaurya-karman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>a heroic deed</i></dd> <dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="प्रीतिकर्मन् (page does not exist)">प्रीतिकर्मन्</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">prīti-karman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>an act of friendship or love, kind action</i></dd></dl></li> <li>any <a href="/wiki/religious" title="religious">religious</a> <a href="/wiki/act" title="act">act</a> or <a href="/wiki/rite" title="rite">rite</a> (as <a href="/wiki/sacrifice" title="sacrifice">sacrifice</a>, <a href="/wiki/oblation" title="oblation">oblation</a> etc., especially as originating in the hope of future recompense and as opposed to speculative religion or knowledge of spirit) (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#431" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">RV.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#23" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">AV.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#593" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">VS.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#441" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Ragh.</a> etc.) <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigveda" class="extiw" title="w:Rigveda">RV</a> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Rig_Veda/Mandala_6/Hymn_37" class="extiw" title="s:The Rig Veda/Mandala 6/Hymn 37">6.37.2a</a> <dl><dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">प्रो द्रोणे हरयः <b>कर्मा</b>ग्मन् पुनानास ऋज्यन्तो अभूवन्</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">इन्द्रो नो अस्य पूर्व्यः पपीयाद् द्युक्षो मदस्य सोम्यस्य राजा</span> || <dl><dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">pro droṇe harayaḥ <b>karmā</b>gman punānāsa ṛjyanto abhūvan</span> |</dd> <dd><span class="Latn" lang="und">indro no asya pūrvyaḥ papīyād dyukṣo madasya somyasya rājā</span> || <dl><dd>Forth to the vat the brown drops flow for <b>service</b>, and purified proceed directly forward.</dd> <dd>May Indra drink of this, our guest aforetime, Celestial King of the strong draught of Soma.</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/work" title="work">work</a>, <a href="/wiki/labour" title="labour">labour</a>, <a href="/wiki/activity" title="activity">activity</a> (as opposed to <a href="/wiki/rest" title="rest">rest</a>, <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="प्रशान्ति (page does not exist)">प्रशान्ति</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">praśānti</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>) (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#198" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Hit.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#429" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">RPrāt.</a> etc.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/physicking" title="physicking">physicking</a>, <a href="/wiki/medical" title="medical">medical</a> <a href="/wiki/attendance" title="attendance">attendance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#108" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Car.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/action" title="action">action</a> consisting in <a href="/wiki/motion" title="motion">motion</a>, as the third among the seven categories of the <a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a> philosophy; of these motions there are five, namely <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="उत्क्षेपण (page does not exist)">उत्क्षेपण</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ut-kṣepaṇa</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A3#Sanskrit" title="अवक्षेपण">अवक्षेपण</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ava-kṣepaṇa</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="आकुञ्चन (page does not exist)">आकुञ्चन</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ā-kuñcana</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3#Sanskrit" title="प्रसारण">प्रसारण</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">prasāraṇa</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, and <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8#Sanskrit" title="गमन">गमन</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">gamana</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#74" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Bhāshāp.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#574" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Tarkas.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/calculation" title="calculation">calculation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#547" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Sūryas.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/product" title="product">product</a>, <a href="/wiki/result" title="result">result</a>, <a href="/wiki/effect" title="effect">effect</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#337" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Mn.</a> xii, 98 <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#552" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Suśr.</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/organ" title="organ">organ</a> of <a href="/wiki/sense" title="sense">sense</a> or <a href="/wiki/action" title="action">action</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#457" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">ŚBr.</a> xiv) <dl><dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मेन्द्रिय (page does not exist)">कर्मेन्द्रिय</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">karme-ndriya</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>an organ of sense</i></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/grammar" title="grammar">grammar</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> the <a href="/wiki/object" title="object">object</a> that it stands either in the accusative (in active construction), or in the nominative (in passive construction), or in the genitive (in connection with a noun of action); opposed to <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%83#Sanskrit" title="कर्तृ">कर्तृ</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">kartṛ́</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, the <a href="/wiki/subject" title="subject">subject</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#377" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Pāṇ.</a> 1-4, 49 ff.) It is of four kinds, namely a. <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="निर्वर्त्य (page does not exist)">निर्वर्त्य</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">nir-vartya</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, when anything new is produced: <dl><dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">कटं करोति</span> (kaṭaṃ karoti) — <i>he makes a mat</i></dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">पुत्रं प्रसूते</span> (putraṃ prasūte) — <i>she bears a son</i>; <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="विकार्य (page does not exist)">विकार्य</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">vi-kārya</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, when change is implied either of the substance and form:</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">काष्ठं भस्म करोति</span> (kāṣṭhaṃ bhasma karoti) — <i>he reduces fuel to ashes</i>; or of the form only e.g.</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">सुवर्णं कुण्डलं करोति</span> (suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ karoti) — <i>he fashions gold into an ear-ring</i>; <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF#Sanskrit" title="प्राप्य">प्राप्य</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">prā-pya</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, when any desired object is attained:</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">ग्रामं गच्छति</span> (grāmaṃ gacchati) — <i>he goes to the village</i></dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">चन्द्रं पश्यति</span> (candraṃ paśyati) — <i>he sees the moon</i>; <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="अनीप्सित (page does not exist)">अनीप्सित</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">an-īpsita</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, when an undesired object is abandoned:</dd> <dd><span class="Deva" lang="sa">पापं त्यजति</span> (pāpaṃ tyajati) — <i>he leaves the wicked</i></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/former" title="former">former</a> <a href="/wiki/act" title="act">act</a> as leading to inevitable results, <a href="/wiki/fate" title="fate">fate</a> (as the certain consequence of acts in a previous life); <a href="/wiki/karma" title="karma">karma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#389" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Pañcat.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#198" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Hit.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#103" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">Buddh.</a>) <dl><dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मपाक (page does not exist)">कर्मपाक</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">karma-pāka</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>"ripening of acts", matured result of previous acts or actions done in a former birth</i></dd> <dd><i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मविपाक (page does not exist)">कर्मविपाक</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">karma-vipāka</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> — <i>"the ripening of actions" i.e. the good or evil consequences in this life of human acts performed in previous births</i></dd></dl></li> <li>the tenth <a href="/wiki/lunar" title="lunar">lunar</a> <a href="/wiki/mansion" title="mansion">mansion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Sanskrit_abbreviations#613" title="Appendix:Sanskrit abbreviations">VarBṛS.</a> etc.)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Declension">Declension</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Declension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="inflection-table vsSwitcher" data-toggle-category="inflection" style="background:#F9F9F9; text-align:center; border: 1px solid #CCC; width: 40em"> <tbody><tr style="background: #d9ebff;"> <th class="vsToggleElement" style="text-align: left;" colspan="4">Neuter an-stem declension of <span class="Deva" lang="sa">कर्मन्</span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn">kárman</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background:#eff7ff"> </th> <th style="background:#eff7ff">Singular </th> <th style="background:#eff7ff">Dual </th> <th style="background:#eff7ff">Plural </th></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Nominative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kárma</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणी (page does not exist)">कर्मणी</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇī</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्माणि (page does not exist)">कर्माणि</a></span> / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span>¹ / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मा (page does not exist)">कर्मा</a></span>¹<br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármāṇi / kárma¹ / kármā¹</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Vocative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><strong class="selflink">कर्मन्</strong></span> / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kárman / kárma</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणी (page does not exist)">कर्मणी</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇī</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्माणि (page does not exist)">कर्माणि</a></span> / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span>¹ / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मा (page does not exist)">कर्मा</a></span>¹<br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármāṇi / kárma¹ / kármā¹</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Accusative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kárma</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणी (page does not exist)">कर्मणी</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇī</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्माणि (page does not exist)">कर्माणि</a></span> / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Sanskrit" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span>¹ / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मा (page does not exist)">कर्मा</a></span>¹<br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármāṇi / kárma¹ / kármā¹</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Instrumental </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE#Sanskrit" title="कर्मणा">कर्मणा</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇā</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभ्याम् (page does not exist)">कर्मभ्याम्</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhyām</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभिः (page does not exist)">कर्मभिः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhiḥ</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Dative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणे (page does not exist)">कर्मणे</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇe</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभ्याम् (page does not exist)">कर्मभ्याम्</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhyām</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभ्यः (page does not exist)">कर्मभ्यः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhyaḥ</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Ablative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणः (page does not exist)">कर्मणः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇaḥ</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभ्याम् (page does not exist)">कर्मभ्याम्</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhyām</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मभ्यः (page does not exist)">कर्मभ्यः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármabhyaḥ</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Genitive </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणः (page does not exist)">कर्मणः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇaḥ</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणोः (page does not exist)">कर्मणोः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇoḥ</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणाम् (page does not exist)">कर्मणाम्</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇām</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <th style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;">Locative </th> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणि (page does not exist)">कर्मणि</a></span> / <span class="Deva" lang="sa"><strong class="selflink">कर्मन्</strong></span>¹<br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇi / kárman¹</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मणोः (page does not exist)">कर्मणोः</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármaṇoḥ</span> </td> <td><span class="Deva" lang="sa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कर्मसु (page does not exist)">कर्मसु</a></span><br /><span lang="sa-Latn" class="tr Latn" style="color: #888;">kármasu</span> </td></tr> <tr class="vsHide"> <td style="background-color:#eff7ff; font-style:italic;border-top:double #888;">Notes </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-top:double #888;" colspan="3"> <ul><li>¹Vedic</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Descendants">Descendants</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dardic: <ul><li>Kalasha: <span class="Latn" lang="kls"><a href="/wiki/krom#Kalasha" title="krom">krom</a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68481116">.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}</style></li> <li>Kashmiri: <span class="Arab ks-Arab" lang="ks"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%B2%D9%85#Kashmiri" title="کٲم">کٲم</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ks-Latn" class="tr Latn">kạ̄m</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li>Prakrit: <span class="Brah" lang="pra"><a href="/wiki/%F0%91%80%93%F0%91%80%AB%F0%91%81%86%F0%91%80%AB#Prakrit" title="𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫">𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="pra-Latn" class="tr Latn">kamma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><ul><li>Central:<ul><li>Western Hindi:<ul><li>Old Hindi: <span class="Deva" lang="inc-ohi"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Old_Hindi" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-ohi-Latn" class="tr Latn">kāma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Braj: <span class="Deva" lang="bra"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Braj" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="bra-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Hindustani: kām<dl><dd>Hindi: <span class="Deva" lang="hi"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Hindi" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Urdu: <span class="Arab ur-Arab" lang="ur"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85#Urdu" title="کام">کَام</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li>Eastern:<ul><li>Bengali-Assamese:<ul><li>Early Assamese: <span class="Beng as-Beng" lang="inc-oas"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE#Early_Assamese" title="কাম">কাম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-oas-Latn" class="tr Latn">kamo</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Assamese: <span class="Beng as-Beng" lang="as"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE#Assamese" title="কাম">কাম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="as-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Old Bengali: <span class="Beng" lang="inc-obn"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE#Old_Bengali" title="কাম">কাম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-obn-Latn" class="tr Latn">kāma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Middle Bengali: <span class="Beng" lang="inc-mbn"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE#Middle_Bengali" title="কাম">কাম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-mbn-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Bengali: <span class="Beng" lang="bn"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE#Bengali" title="কাম">কাম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="bn-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Rohingya: <span class="Latn" lang="rhg"><a href="/wiki/ham#Rohingya" title="ham">ham</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Chakma: <span class="Cakm" lang="ccp"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%84%87%F0%91%84%9F%F0%91%84%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑄇𑄟𑄴 (page does not exist)">𑄇𑄟𑄴</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ccp-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li></ul></li><li>Bihari:<ul><li>Bhojpuri:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kām<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="bho"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Bhojpuri" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Kaithi script: <span class="Kthi" lang="bho"><a href="/wiki/%F0%91%82%8D%F0%91%82%B0%F0%91%82%A7#Bhojpuri" title="𑂍𑂰𑂧">𑂍𑂰𑂧</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li><li>Maithili:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kām<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="mai"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Maithili" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Tirhuta script: <span class="Tirh" lang="mai"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%92%8F%F0%91%92%B0%F0%91%92%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑒏𑒰𑒧 (page does not exist)">𑒏𑒰𑒧</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li><li>Odia: <span class="Orya" lang="or"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE#Odia" title="କାମ">କାମ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="or-Latn" class="tr Latn">kāma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Northern:<ul><li>Central Pahari:<ul><li>Garhwali: <span class="Deva" lang="gbm"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Garhwali" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="gbm-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Eastern Pahari:<ul><li>Nepali: <span class="Deva" lang="ne"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Nepali" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ne-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Western Pahari:<ul><li>Dogri:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kamma<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="doi"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Dogri" title="कम्म">कम्म</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Dogra script: <span class="Dogr" lang="doi"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%A0%8A%F0%91%A0%A2%F0%91%A0%B9%F0%91%A0%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑠊𑠢𑠹𑠢 (page does not exist)">𑠊𑠢𑠹𑠢</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></li><li>Northwestern:<ul><li>Kachchi: <span class="Gujr" lang="kfr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%AE#Kachchi" title="કમ">કમ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="kfr-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Old Punjabi: <span class="Guru" lang="inc-opa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਕੰਮੁ (page does not exist)">ਕੰਮੁ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-opa-Latn" class="tr Latn">kammu</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Punjabi:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kamm<dl><dd>Gurmukhi script: <span class="Guru" lang="pa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE#Punjabi" title="ਕੰਮ">ਕੰਮ</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Shahmukhi script: <span class="Arab pa-Arab" lang="pa"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85#Punjabi" title="کم">کَمّ</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li><li>Saraiki:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kamm<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="skr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Saraiki" title="कम्म">कम्म</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Multani script: <span class="Mult" lang="skr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%8A%84%F0%91%8A%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑊄𑊠 (page does not exist)">𑊄𑊠</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Shahmukhi script: <span class="Arab pa-Arab" lang="skr"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85#Saraiki" title="کم">کَمّ</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li><li>Sindhi:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kamu<dl><dd>Arabic script: <span class="Arab sd-Arab" lang="sd"><a href="/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%85#Sindhi" title="ڪم">ڪَمُ</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="sd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कमु (page does not exist)">कमु</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Khudabadi script: <span class="Sind" lang="sd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%8A%BA%F0%91%8B%97%F0%91%8B%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑊺𑋗𑋣 (page does not exist)">𑊺𑋗𑋣</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li><li>Southern:<ul><li>Insular:<ul><li>Dhivehi: <span class="Thaa" lang="dv"><a href="/wiki/%DE%86%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0#Dhivehi" title="ކަން">ކަން</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="dv-Latn" class="tr Latn">kan̊</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Sinhalese: <span class="Sinh" lang="si"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%B8#Sinhalese" title="කම">කම</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="si-Latn" class="tr Latn">kama</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Marathi-Konkani:<ul><li>Konkani:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kām<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="kok"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Konkani" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Kannada script: <span class="Knda" lang="kok"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ಕಾಮ್ (page does not exist)">ಕಾಮ್</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Latin script: <span class="Latn" lang="kok"><a href="/wiki/kam#Konkani" title="kam">kam</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li><li>Old Marathi:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kāma<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="omr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Old_Marathi" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Modi script: <span class="Modi" lang="omr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%98%8E%F0%91%98%B0%F0%91%98%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑘎𑘰𑘦 (page does not exist)">𑘎𑘰𑘦</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl><ul><li>Marathi:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kām<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="mr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Marathi" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Modi script: <span class="Modi" lang="mr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%98%8E%F0%91%98%B0%F0%91%98%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑘎𑘰𑘦 (page does not exist)">𑘎𑘰𑘦</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li><li>Varhadi:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> kām<dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="vah"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Varhadi" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Modi script: <span class="Modi" lang="vah"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%98%8E%F0%91%98%B0%F0%91%98%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑘎𑘰𑘦 (page does not exist)">𑘎𑘰𑘦</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li>Western:<ul><li>Ahirani: <span class="Deva" lang="ahr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Ahirani" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ahr-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Old Gujarati: <span class="Deva" lang="inc-ogu"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="कंम (page does not exist)">कंम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="inc-ogu-Latn" class="tr Latn">kaṃma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Gojri: <span class="Arab ur-Arab" lang="gju"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85#Gojri" title="کم">کَم</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="gju-Latn" class="tr Latn">kamm</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Middle Gujarati: <span class="Deva" lang="inc-mgu"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Middle_Gujarati" title="काम">काम</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><ul><li>Gujarati: <span class="Gujr" lang="gu"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE#Gujarati" title="કામ">કામ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="gu-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Gujr" lang="gu"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="કામું (page does not exist)">કામું</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="gu-Latn" class="tr Latn">kāmũ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li><li>Malvi: <span class="Deva" lang="mup"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Malvi" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="mup-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li>Marwari:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"><dl><dd>Devanagari script: <span class="Deva" lang="mwr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Marwari" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="mwr-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd><dd>Mahajani script: <span class="Mahj" lang="mwr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%85%95%F0%91%85%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑅕𑅬 (page does not exist)">𑅕𑅬</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="mwr-Latn" class="tr Latn">km</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></dd></dl></li><li>Nimadi: <span class="Deva" lang="noe"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE#Nimadi" title="काम">काम</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="noe-Latn" class="tr Latn">kām</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Pali: <span class="Latn" lang="pi"><a href="/wiki/kamma#Pali" title="kamma">kamma</a></span><ul><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Burmese: <span class="Mymr" lang="my"><a href="/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B6#Burmese" title="ကံ">ကံ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="my-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Khmer: <span class="Khmr" lang="km"><a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98#Khmer" title="កម្ម">កម្ម</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="km-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Lao: <span class="Laoo" lang="lo"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B3#Lao" title="ກຳ">ກຳ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="lo-Latn" class="tr Latn">kam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Thai: <span class="Thai" lang="th"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1#Thai" title="กรรม">กรรม</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="th-Latn" class="tr Latn">gam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Bengali: <span class="Beng" lang="bn"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE#Bengali" title="কর্ম">কর্ম</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="bn-Latn" class="tr Latn">kormo</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Middle Chinese:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <span class="Hani" lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%AF%E7%A3%A8#Chinese" title="羯磨">羯磨</a></span> (<i><span class="tr Latn" lang="zh-Latn"><span style="font-style: normal"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese" class="extiw" title="w:Middle Chinese">MC</a></span> kjot ma<span style="padding-left:2px; padding-right:2px">|</span>maH</span></i>) <ul><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%AF%E7%A3%A8#Japanese" title="羯磨">羯磨</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">katsuma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Korean: <span class="Kore" lang="ko"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%88%EB%A7%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="갈마 (page does not exist)">갈마</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ko-Latn" class="tr Latn">galma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Dutch: <span class="Latn" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/karma#Dutch" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">perhaps via English</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> English: <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/karma#English" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Esperanto: <span class="Latn" lang="eo"><a href="/wiki/karmo#Esperanto" title="karmo">karmo</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Finnish: <span class="Latn" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/karma#Finnish" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Georgian: <span class="Geor" lang="ka"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90#Georgian" title="კარმა">კარმა</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ka-Latn" class="tr Latn">ḳarma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> German: <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Karma#German" title="Karma">Karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Gujarati: <span class="Gujr" lang="gu"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE#Gujarati" title="કર્મ">કર્મ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="gu-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Hindi: <span class="Deva" lang="hi"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Hindi" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="hi-Latn" class="tr Latn">karm</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Icelandic: <span class="Latn" lang="is"><a href="/wiki/karma#Icelandic" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Italian: <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/karma#Italian" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E#Japanese" title="カルマ">カルマ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">karuma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Kannada: <span class="Knda" lang="kn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ಕರ್ಮ (page does not exist)">ಕರ್ಮ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="kn-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Old Khmer: <span class="Latn" lang="okz"><a href="/w/index.php?title=karmma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="karmma (page does not exist)">karmma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <ul><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Thai: <span class="Thai" lang="th"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1#Thai" title="กรรม">กรรม</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="th-Latn" class="tr Latn">gam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Malayalam: <span class="Mlym" lang="ml"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82#Malayalam" title="കർമ്മം">കർമ്മം</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ml-Latn" class="tr Latn">kaṟmmaṁ</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Marathi: <span class="Deva" lang="mr"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE#Marathi" title="कर्म">कर्म</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="mr-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Old Marathi: <span class="Modi" lang="omr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%91%98%8E%F0%91%98%A8%F0%91%98%BF%F0%91%98%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘦 (page does not exist)">𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘦</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="omr-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Odia: <span class="Orya" lang="or"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE#Odia" title="କର୍ମ">କର୍ମ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="or-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Polish: <span class="Latn" lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/karma#Polish" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/carma#Portuguese" title="carma">carma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Punjabi: <span class="Guru" lang="pa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE#Punjabi" title="ਕਰਮ">ਕਰਮ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="pa-Latn" class="tr Latn">karam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116">/<span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Punjabi: <span class="Arab pa-Arab" lang="pa"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%85#Punjabi" title="کرم">کَرَم</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="pa-Latn" class="tr Latn">karam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Russian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0#Russian" title="карма">ка́рма</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">kárma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Serbo-Croatian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0#Serbo-Croatian" title="карма">ка̏рма</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> / <span class="Latn" lang="sh"><a href="/wiki/karma#Serbo-Croatian" title="karma">kȁrma</a></span></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Spanish: <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/karma#Spanish" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Tamil: <span class="Taml" lang="ta"><a href="/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D#Tamil" title="கருமம்">கருமம்</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ta-Latn" class="tr Latn">karumam</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Taml" lang="ta"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="கர்மா (page does not exist)">கர்மா</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ta-Latn" class="tr Latn">karmā</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Telugu: <span class="Telu" lang="te"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE#Telugu" title="కర్మ">కర్మ</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="te-Latn" class="tr Latn">karma</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Telu" lang="te"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81#Telugu" title="కర్మము">కర్మము</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="te-Latn" class="tr Latn">karmamu</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Tocharian B: <span class="Latn" lang="txb"><a href="/wiki/k%C4%81rm#Tocharian_B" title="kārm">kārm</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Turkish: <span class="Latn" lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/karma#Turkish" title="karma">karma</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monier_Monier-Williams" class="extiw" title="w:Monier Monier-Williams">Monier Williams</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1899</span>) “<span class="Deva" lang="sa">कर्मन्</span>”, in <cite>A Sanskrit–English Dictionary,<span class="q-hellip-sp"> </span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">[</span></span><span title="Etymologically and Philologically Arranged, with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages">…</span><span class="q-hellip-b"><span style="font-style: normal;">]</span></span><span class="q-hellip-b"></span></cite>, new edition, Oxford: At the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="extiw" title="w:Oxford University Press">Clarendon Press</a>, <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/458052227">→OCLC</a></small>, page <span class="None" lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/2014/web/webtc/servepdf.php?page=258">258/2</a></span>.</span></span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c59558b9d‐7x8q6 Cached time: 20241129163832 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.209 seconds Real time usage: 1.559 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 12372/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 152304/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 673/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive 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