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<span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chiltepin_pepper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chiltepin_pepper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Chiltepin pepper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chiltepin_pepper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bell_pepper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bell_pepper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Bell pepper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bell_pepper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domestication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domestication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Domestication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pollination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pollination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pollination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pollination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seed_dispersal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seed_dispersal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Seed dispersal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seed_dispersal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culinary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culinary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Culinary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culinary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Traditional medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ornamental" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ornamental"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Ornamental</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ornamental-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Capsicum annuum</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 82 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprika_(plant)" title="Paprika (plant) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Paprika (plant)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="فليفلة حولية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فليفلة حولية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piperc%C3%A2" title="Pipercâ – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Pipercâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saplaql%C4%B1_bib%C9%99r" title="Saplaqlı bibər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Saplaqlı bibər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%8B%D2%99%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Ҡыҙыл борос – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡыҙыл борос" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Перац агароднінны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Перац агароднінны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Пипер (растение) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пипер (растение)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peper%C3%B3ni" title="Peperóni – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Peperóni" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprika_set%C3%A1" title="Paprika setá – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Paprika setá" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivaronu" title="Pivaronu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Pivaronu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupryn_melys" title="Pupryn melys – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pupryn melys" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spansk_peber" title="Spansk peber – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spansk peber" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanischer_Pfeffer" title="Spanischer Pfeffer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spanischer Pfeffer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_paprika" title="Harilik paprika – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harilik paprika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%AC" title="Πιπεριά – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πιπεριά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper" title="Piper – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Piper" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="فلفل گلدانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلفل گلدانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Сибаз – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Сибаз" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A2n-ch%C3%AAu" title="Fân-chêu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fân-chêu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%B6%94_(%EC%A2%85)" title="고추 (종) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고추 (종)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B2%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%B2" title="Պղպեղ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պղպեղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednogodi%C5%A1nja_paprika" title="Jednogodišnja paprika – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jednogodišnja paprika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%9C_(%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99)" title="פלפל (פרי) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלפל (פרי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Қызыл бұрыш – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қызыл бұрыш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puwavuro" title="Puwavuro – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Puwavuro" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pili-pili_ya_Mputu" title="Pili-pili ya Mputu – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Pili-pili ya Mputu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AE%C3%A7har" title="Hîçhar – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hîçhar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piminton" title="Piminton – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Piminton" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%81rze%C5%86pipars" title="Dārzeņpipars – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dārzeņpipars" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienamet%C4%97_paprika" title="Vienametė paprika – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vienametė paprika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bua_Lada" title="Bua Lada – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Bua Lada" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%B6ns%C3%A9ges_paprika" title="Közönséges paprika – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közönséges paprika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пиперка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пиперка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="വറ്റൽ മുളക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വറ്റൽ മുളക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="فليفله حوليه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فليفله حوليه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lada_besar" title="Lada besar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lada besar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C4%83ng-ci%C4%95u" title="Huăng-ciĕu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huăng-ciĕu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91oura" title="Ñoura – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ñoura" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AC%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B7" title="トウガラシ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トウガラシ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spoonsk_P%C3%B6ber" title="Spoonsk Pöber – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Spoonsk Pöber" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprika_(plante)" title="Paprika (plante) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Paprika (plante)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirin_qalampir" title="Shirin qalampir – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shirin qalampir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papryka_roczna" title="Papryka roczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Papryka roczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wata_uchu" title="Wata uchu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wata uchu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Перец стручковый – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Перец стручковый" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6t%C3%A4-nd%C3%B4ng%C3%B4" title="Kötä-ndôngô – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Kötä-ndôngô" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piberone" title="Piberone – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Piberone" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speci" title="Speci – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Speci" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprika_ro%C4%8Dn%C3%A1" title="Paprika ročná – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Paprika ročná" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Paprika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Паприка – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Паприка" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanskpeppar" title="Spanskpeppar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spanskpeppar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="சீமை மிளகாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீமை மிளகாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="కాప్సికం ఆనం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాప్సికం ఆనం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%84%D1%83%D1%80" title="Қаламфур – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қаламфур" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Стручковий перець звичайний – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стручковий перець звичайний" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%87%DA%86" title="مۇچ – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مۇچ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lwgmanh" title="Lwgmanh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Lwgmanh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" title="Capsicum annuum – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Capsicum annuum" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%A3%E8%8C%84" title="辣茄 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="辣茄" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92" title="番椒 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="番椒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%9F%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92" title="一年生辣椒 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="一年生辣椒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of flowering plant in the nightshade family</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg/220px-Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg/330px-Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg/440px-Capsicum_annuum_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-027.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2530" data-file-height="3132" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Capsicum" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asterids" title="Asterids">Asterids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solanales" title="Solanales">Solanales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Solanaceae" title="Solanaceae">Solanaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum"><i>Capsicum</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. annuum</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Capsicum annuum</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a><sup id="cite_ref-POWO_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Variety_(botany)" title="Variety (botany)">Varieties</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultivar_group" title="Cultivar group">Groups</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum_var._annuum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capsicum annuum var. annuum (page does not exist)"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>annuum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>glabriusculum</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum_var._grossum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capsicum annuum var. grossum (page does not exist)"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>grossum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum_var._longum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capsicum annuum var. longum (page does not exist)"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>longum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum_var._longum_grossum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capsicum annuum var. longum grossum (page does not exist)"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>longum grossum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum_var._lycopersiciforme_rubrum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capsicum annuum var. lycopersiciforme rubrum (page does not exist)"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>lycopersiciforme rubrum</i></a></li> <li><i>Capsicum annuum</i> var. <i>bola</i> (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91ora" class="extiw" title="es:Ñora">aka var. <i>ñora</i></a>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Capsicum annuum</i> '<a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile"><i>New Mexico Group</i></a>'</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Capsicum annuum</b></i>, commonly known as <b><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">chili pepper</a></b>, <b>red pepper</b>, <b>sweet pepper</b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">jalapeño</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">cayenne</a></b>, or <b><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">bell pepper</a></b>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Fruiting_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruiting plant">fruiting plant</a> from the family <a href="/wiki/Solanaceae" title="Solanaceae">Solanaceae</a> (nightshades), within the genus <a href="/wiki/Capsicum" title="Capsicum">Capsicum</a> which is native to the northern regions of <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> and to southwestern <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. The plant produces <a href="/wiki/Berry" title="Berry">berries</a> of many colors including red, green, and yellow, often with <a href="/wiki/Pungent" class="mw-redirect" title="Pungent">pungent</a> taste. It is also one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Cultivated_plant_taxonomy" title="Cultivated plant taxonomy">cultivated</a> crops, with domestication dating back to around 6,000 years ago in regions of Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genus <i>Capsicum</i> has over 30 species but <i>Capsicum annuum</i> is the primary species in its genus, as it has been widely cultivated for human consumption for a substantial amount of time and has spread across the world. This species has many uses in culinary applications, medicine, self defense, and can even be ornamental.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The genus name <i>Capsicum</i> derives from a <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Greek</a>-based derivative of the <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Latin" title="Contemporary Latin">Latin</a> word <i>capto</i>, meaning "to grasp, to seize", in reference to the heat or pungency of the species' fruit, although it has also been speculated to derive from the Latin word <i>capsa</i>, "box", referring to the shape of the fruit in forms of the typical species.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the species name <i>annuum</i> means "annual" (from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>annus</i>, "year"), the plant is not an <a href="/wiki/Annual_plant" title="Annual plant">annual</a> but is frost tender.<sup id="cite_ref-rhs2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rhs2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the absence of winter frosts it can survive several seasons and grow into a large, shrubby <a href="/wiki/Perennial" title="Perennial">perennial</a> herb.<sup id="cite_ref-SpicePages2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SpicePages2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Common names including the word "pepper" stem from a misconception on the part of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europeans</a> taking part in the <a href="/wiki/Columbian_exchange" title="Columbian exchange">Columbian exchange</a>. They mistakenly thought the spicy fruits were a variety of the <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">black pepper</a> plant, which also has spicy fruit. However, these two plants are not closely related.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica-2023_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-2023-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commonly used names for the fruit of <i>Capsicum annuum</i> in English vary by location and <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivar</a>. The larger, sweeter cultivars are called "capsicum" in Australia and New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Great Britain and Ireland, cultivars of the plant are typically discussed in groups of either "sweet" or "hot/chilli" peppers, only rarely providing the specific cultivar.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada and the United States it is commonplace to provide the cultivar in most instances, for example "<a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">bell</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">jalapeño</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">cayenne</a>", or "<a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_eye_chili" title="Bird's eye chili">bird's eye</a>" peppers, to convey differences in taste including sweetness or pungency.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Capsicum annuum</i> cultivars look like small shrubs with many branches and thin stems, with a tendency to climb, some varieties can grow up to two meters tall (6.56 feet) using others to climb on.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shrub has oval glossy leaves sometimes growing to 7.5 cm (3 inches) in length, while generally <a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">green</a>, depending on the cultivar the leaves can turn dark <a href="/wiki/Purple" title="Purple">purple</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black" title="Black">black</a> as the plant ages.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica-2023_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-2023-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> capsicum annuum are annual or biennial herbaceous plants that have a life cycle comprized of four stages (seedling, vegetation, flowering, and fruiting.)<sup id="cite_ref-Nadeem-2011_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nadeem-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Being a flowering plant with variations there are different shapes of <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruits</a> produced on individuals typically having star or bell shaped flowers coming in a range of colors including purple, <a href="/wiki/White" title="White">white</a>, and green. Just as the flowers, the fruits of this species comes in various shapes (berry shape to bell pepper shape), and colors including <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yellow" title="Yellow">yellow</a>, green, and black.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica-2023_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-2023-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chiltepin_pepper">Chiltepin pepper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chiltepin pepper"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Variants of this species also have the ability to produce and retain <a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">capsaicinoid</a> compounds giving their fruits a powerful (<a href="/wiki/Pungency" title="Pungency">spicy</a>) taste which can vary in strengths. One semi-domesticated variation of capsicum annuum is a variety named "<a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum">Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum">Chiltepin peppers</a>) Grows white flowers and produces <a href="/wiki/Berry" title="Berry">berry</a> fruits that are red when mature.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar to other variants the Chiltepin pepper produces and contains <a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">capsaicin</a> which is responsible for its intense heat ranging from 100,000 to 200,000 <a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville heat units</a> making it one of the hottest fruits grown in Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bell_pepper">Bell pepper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bell pepper"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another variant of Capsicum annuum, the <a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">bell pepper</a> are quite different from Chiltepin peppers, being described as "sweet" as they do not contain high concentrations of capsaicin and are rated a 0 on the Scoville heat scale.<sup id="cite_ref-Nadeem-2011_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nadeem-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bell peppers grow on shrub body plants, and the fruits are large, quadrangular, and fleshy. They can also grow to a weight of 500 grams and come in many colors including yellow, orange, red, and green.<sup id="cite_ref-Anaya-Esparza-2021_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anaya-Esparza-2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though this variant lacks in capsaicinoids, it is still packed with various bioactive compounds, <a href="/wiki/Carotenoid" title="Carotenoid">carotinoids</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vitamin" title="Vitamin">vitamins</a> making them a valuable crop.<sup id="cite_ref-Anaya-Esparza-2021_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anaya-Esparza-2021-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Domestication">Domestication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Domestication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Capsicum annuum today have many variations of fruits, the beginning to this is estimated to be from natives of <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a> around 6,000 years ago using selective breeding to domesticate wild forms of the peppers. Through research scientists have found remnants of wild peppers ancestral to modern Capsicum annuum varieties in various locations and caves in places like <a href="/wiki/Oaxaca_Valley" title="Oaxaca Valley">Oaxaca Valley</a> Mexico. The discovery of this has led researchers to believe that wild chili peppers were consumed before their domestication dating back to more than 8000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Domestication of crops using conscious and unconscious selective methods usually leads to a decrease in the plants natural defensive traits. However for Capsicum annuum this is not always true, some variants have been created to increase the defensive compound capsaicin otherwise making the fruit more powerful.<sup id="cite_ref-Noss_2014_475–483_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Noss_2014_475–483-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Capsicum annuum have also experienced "<a href="/wiki/Domestication_syndrome" title="Domestication syndrome">domestication syndrome</a>" leading to several morphological and <a href="/wiki/Phytochemical" title="Phytochemical">phytochemical</a> changes leading to increased fruit and/or seed size, changes in reproductive cycles, and changes in plant structure. Though as a consequence of the cultivation of the wild species, some variants have experienced decreased fitness, leaving them vulnerable (and likely not to survive) when not being cultivated.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pollination">Pollination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pollination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flowers of capsicum annuum generally consist of 6-7 <a href="/wiki/Petal" title="Petal">petals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sepal" title="Sepal">sepals</a>, have 7 <a href="/wiki/Stamen" title="Stamen">stamens</a>, and contain an <a href="/wiki/Ovary_(botany)" title="Ovary (botany)">ovary</a> that is superior to a single <a href="/wiki/Style_(botany)" title="Style (botany)">style</a> consisting of 2-3 carpels and a single stamen. Members are self pollinators but <a href="/wiki/Cross_pollination" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross pollination">cross pollination</a> often occurs when plants are grown in large quantities, via <a href="/wiki/Bee" title="Bee">bees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wasp" title="Wasp">wasps</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ant" title="Ant">ants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In commercial production of capsicum annuum, human pollination is often used to produce <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_(botany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid (botany)">hybrid</a> seeds that can grow into new variants of the pepper, which is a form of selective breeding that demonstrates how the pepper was domesticated.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within the flowers there are several reproductive structures that are used in <a href="/wiki/Pollination" title="Pollination">pollination</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fertilisation" title="Fertilisation">fertilization</a>, the two relative include the <a href="/wiki/Stamen" title="Stamen">anthers</a> and the ovary. Anthers are the male organ producing the microgametes (pollen) that will disperse to fertilize the megagamete that is located in the ovary of the female reproductive organ, leading to the development of the <a href="/wiki/Propagule" title="Propagule">propagule</a> (Fruit).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After fertilization the fruit of the plant begins to develop which is determined by the specific variety that is being grown. The fruit grows to maturity, then is ready for <a href="/wiki/Dispersal_vector" title="Dispersal vector">dispersal</a> of its seeds.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seed_dispersal">Seed dispersal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Seed dispersal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The seeds of some varieties of Capsicum annuum are coated in the compound capsaicin. This was a defensive mechanism of wild chilis before their domestication roughly 6000 years ago. Capsaicin is a compound that can be extremely powerful depending on the <a href="/wiki/Concentration" title="Concentration">concentration</a>, and this was used to protect the seeds from <a href="/wiki/Predation" title="Predation">predation</a>, and increase their chance of survival. However, birds are not affected by the presence of capsicum and are able to eat the fruits and seeds. The seeds are then passed through the birds’ digestive system and dispersed to new environments via <a href="/wiki/Defecation" title="Defecation">defecation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Noss_2014_475–483_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Noss_2014_475–483-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bird dispersal for seeds has proven to be beneficial for the peppers as they have the ability to spread large distances. One example of this is the wild chiltepin, which has a massive range of habitat from Northern <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> to <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Capsicum annuum has been widely cultivated and modified through breeding for certain <a href="/wiki/Phenotypic_trait" title="Phenotypic trait">traits</a>, which allows them to be used in multiple applications. These include in food, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">traditional medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cosmetics" title="Cosmetics">cosmetics</a>, and even self defense (<a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">pepper spray</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culinary">Culinary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culinary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg/220px-Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg/330px-Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg/440px-Five-Peppers-Colors-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="1456" /></a><figcaption>Five colors of peppers in an Israeli supermarket</figcaption></figure> <p>There are multiple ways this species can be used in food, this includes fresh, <a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">dried</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pickled_pepper" title="Pickled pepper">pickled</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">powdered</a>. It is widely used in traditional Mexican cuisine to create dishes such as Oaxacan black mole.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It's added to many dishes worldwide for spice and flavor; it's used as a <a href="/wiki/Colourant" title="Colourant">colorant</a> for aesthetics.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> According to a study looking at capsicum annuum as a contender for alleviating <a href="/wiki/Micronutrient" title="Micronutrient">micronutrient</a> deficiencies, along with their flavor and coloring properties, they are also very rich in micronutrients, including vitamins: <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_A" title="Vitamin A">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_b" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin b">B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B3" title="Vitamin B3">B3</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The species is a source of popular sweet peppers and hot chilis, with numerous varieties cultivated all around the world, and is the source of popular spices such as <a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">cayenne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chili_powder" title="Chili powder">chili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piment%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Pimentón">pimentón</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a> powders, as well as <a href="/wiki/Pimiento" title="Pimiento">pimiento</a> (pimento). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Capsinoid" title="Capsinoid">Capsinoid</a> chemicals provide the distinctive tastes in <i>C. annuum</i> variants. In particular, <a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">capsaicin</a> creates a burning sensation ("hotness"), which in extreme cases can last for several hours after ingestion. A measurement called the <a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville scale</a> has been created to describe the hotness of peppers and other foods. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_medicine">Traditional medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Traditional medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In old civilizations such as the <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Mayan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aztec_society" title="Aztec society">Aztec</a>, capsicum species including C, Annuum. were used to treat many illnesses including <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toothache" title="Toothache">toothaches</a>, coughs, and sores. Today these practices still exist in developing countries, using them for their <a href="/wiki/Antioxidant" title="Antioxidant">antioxidant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance" title="Antimicrobial resistance">antimicrobial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antifungal" title="Antifungal">antifungal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medicinal_plants" title="Medicinal plants">antiviral</a> properties.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have also been studies linking the consumption of capsaicinoids and a decreased risk of <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular disease</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayano-Kanashiro-2016-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ornamental">Ornamental</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ornamental"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some cultivars grown specifically for their aesthetic value include the <a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Arboretum" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. National Arboretum">U.S. National Arboretum</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Black_Pearl_pepper" title="Black Pearl pepper">Black Pearl</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolivian_Rainbow_pepper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolivian Rainbow pepper (page does not exist)">Bolivian Rainbow</a>". Ornamental varieties tend to have unusually colored fruit and foliage with colors such as black and purple being notable. All are edible, and most (like "Royal Black") are hot. Certain cultivars of the <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">New Mexico chile</a> are commonly dried in ornamental arrangements known as <a href="/wiki/Ristra" title="Ristra">ristras</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pests">Pests</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even with its defensive strategies, Capsicum annuum can still fall victim to several pests and <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viruses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some can harbor viruses deadly to the species, these include <a href="/wiki/Whitefly" title="Whitefly">whiteflies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aphid" title="Aphid">aphids</a>. Another pest which is quite vicious is a <a href="/wiki/Weevil" title="Weevil">weevil</a> (<i>Anthonomus eugenii</i> Cano) which the <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larva</a> of this pest affects the plants during the flowering and fruiting stages of its life, and can reduce its production rate by up to 90%.<sup id="cite_ref-García-Gaytán-2017_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-García-Gaytán-2017-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other pests that can cause damage to the plants are the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_budworm" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobacco budworm">tobacco budworms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thrips" title="Thrips">thrips</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diseases include phytophthora blight, <a href="/wiki/Canker" title="Canker">anthracnose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phytophthora_root_rot" class="mw-redirect" title="Phytophthora root rot">phytophthora root</a> and basal rot.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum L var. fasciculatum Irish"><img alt="Capsicum annuum L var. fasciculatum Irish" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annum_L._var._fasciculatum_Irish.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="2233" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> L var. <i>fasciculatum</i> Irish</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum L. var. fasciculatum Irish"><img alt="Capsicum annuum L. var. fasciculatum Irish" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg/115px-%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg/173px-%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg/231px-%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%A9%E6%A4%92%E6%9E%9C%E5%AF%A6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2163" data-file-height="2249" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> L. var. <i>fasciculatum</i> Irish</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper"><img alt="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1909" data-file-height="1909" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dried <i>Capsicum annuum</i> Red chili pepper</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum cultivars"><img alt="Capsicum annuum cultivars" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capsicum_annuum.JPG/120px-Capsicum_annuum.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capsicum_annuum.JPG/180px-Capsicum_annuum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capsicum_annuum.JPG/240px-Capsicum_annuum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1880" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> cultivars</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_(Guajillo)_-_dried.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dried Guajillo chili pod"><img alt="Dried Guajillo chili pod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum_%28Guajillo%29_-_dried.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2250" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dried <a href="/wiki/Guajillo_chili" title="Guajillo chili">Guajillo chili</a> pod</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Typical Capsicum annuum flower, Royal Embers"><img alt="Typical Capsicum annuum flower, Royal Embers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG/120px-RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG/180px-RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG/240px-RoyalEmbersFlower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Typical <i>Capsicum annuum</i> flower, Royal Embers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bolivian Rainbow with its fruits in different stages of ripeness"><img alt="Bolivian Rainbow with its fruits in different stages of ripeness" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG/120px-Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG/180px-Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG/240px-Bolivian_Rainbow_fruits.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bolivian Rainbow with its fruits in different stages of ripeness</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C.annuum-8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum var. bola or ñora"><img alt="Capsicum annuum var. bola or ñora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/C.annuum-8.jpg/120px-C.annuum-8.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/C.annuum-8.jpg/180px-C.annuum-8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/C.annuum-8.jpg/240px-C.annuum-8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> var. <i>bola</i> or <i>ñora</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum Count Dracula"><img alt="Capsicum annuum Count Dracula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum_%27count_dracula%27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> Count Dracula</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper on Nanglo"><img alt="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper on Nanglo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg/120px-Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg/180px-Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg/240px-Dried_Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_on_Nanglo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="2099" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dried <i>Capsicum annuum</i> Red chili pepper on Nanglo</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper"><img alt="Dried Capsicum annuum Red chili pepper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum-Red_Chilli_Pepper_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1970" data-file-height="1969" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dried <i>Capsicum annuum</i> Red chili pepper</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="NuMex Memorial Day"><img alt="NuMex Memorial Day" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum_%27numex_memorial_day%27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">NuMex Memorial Day</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Capsicum annuum Explosive Embers"><img alt="Capsicum annuum Explosive Embers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg/120px-Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg/180px-Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg/240px-Capsicum_annuum_%27explosive_embers%27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1952" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Capsicum annuum</i> Explosive Embers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chili pepper 'subicho' seeds for planting"><img alt="Chili pepper 'subicho' seeds for planting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg/120px-Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg/180px-Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg/240px-Chili_pepper_seeds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="396" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chili pepper 'subicho' seeds for planting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bell pepper in Eastern Siberia"><img alt="Bell pepper in Eastern Siberia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg/107px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg/160px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg/214px-%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86._%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1011" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bell pepper in Eastern Siberia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Capsicum_cultivars" title="List of Capsicum cultivars">List of Capsicum cultivars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">Paprika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">Chili pepper</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Capsicum annuum">Capsicum annuum</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" 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Capsicum annuum (amended version of 2019 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T100895534A172969027. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T100895534A172969027.en">https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T100895534A172969027.en</a>. Downloaded on 11 October 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POWO-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-POWO_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/316944-2">"<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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March 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capsicum+annuum+%22Black+Pearl%22&rft.pub=U.S.+National+Arboretum&rft.date=2006-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usna.usda.gov%2Fassets%2Fimages%2Fas_standard_image%2FCapsicum_annuum_Black_Pearl.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoChoiLeeCho2022" class="citation journal cs1">Jo, Yeonhwa; Choi, Hoseong; Lee, Jeong Hun; Cho, Won Kyong; Moh, Sang Hyun (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504177">"Viromes of 15 Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivars"</a>. <i>International Journal of Molecular Sciences</i>. <b>23</b> (18): 10507. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijms231810507">10.3390/ijms231810507</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9504177">9504177</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36142418">36142418</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Molecular+Sciences&rft.atitle=Viromes+of+15+Pepper+%28Capsicum+annuum+L.%29+Cultivars&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=18&rft.pages=10507&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9504177%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36142418&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fijms231810507&rft.aulast=Jo&rft.aufirst=Yeonhwa&rft.au=Choi%2C+Hoseong&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jeong+Hun&rft.au=Cho%2C+Won+Kyong&rft.au=Moh%2C+Sang+Hyun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9504177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohammadbagheriNasr-EsfahaniAbdossiNaderi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Mohammadbagheri, Leila; Nasr-Esfahani, Mehdi; Abdossi, Vahid; Naderi, Davood (2021-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031942221002338">"Genetic diversity and biochemical analysis of Capsicum annuum (Bell pepper) in response to root and basal rot disease, Phytophthora capsici"</a>. <i>Phytochemistry</i>. <b>190</b>: 112884. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021PChem.190k2884M">2021PChem.190k2884M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.phytochem.2021.112884">10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112884</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0031-9422">0031-9422</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34388481">34388481</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phytochemistry&rft.atitle=Genetic+diversity+and+biochemical+analysis+of+Capsicum+annuum+%28Bell+pepper%29+in+response+to+root+and+basal+rot+disease%2C+Phytophthora+capsici&rft.volume=190&rft.pages=112884&rft.date=2021-10-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.phytochem.2021.112884&rft.issn=0031-9422&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34388481&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2021PChem.190k2884M&rft.aulast=Mohammadbagheri&rft.aufirst=Leila&rft.au=Nasr-Esfahani%2C+Mehdi&rft.au=Abdossi%2C+Vahid&rft.au=Naderi%2C+Davood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0031942221002338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalgorzata2015" class="citation journal cs1">Malgorzata, Materska (March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00217-014-2353-2">"Flavone C-glycosides from Capsicum annuum L.: relationships between antioxidant activity and lipophilicity"</a>. <i>European Food Research and Technology</i>. <b>240</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">549–</span>557. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00217-014-2353-2">10.1007/s00217-014-2353-2</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Food+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Flavone+C-glycosides+from+Capsicum+annuum+L.%3A+relationships+between+antioxidant+activity+and+lipophilicity&rft.volume=240&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E549-%3C%2Fspan%3E557&rft.date=2015-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00217-014-2353-2&rft.aulast=Malgorzata&rft.aufirst=Materska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%252Fs00217-014-2353-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArimboorNatarajanMenonChandrasekhar2015" class="citation journal cs1">Arimboor, Ranjith; Natarajan, Ramesh Babu; Menon, K. Ramakrishna; Chandrasekhar, Lekshmi. P; Moorkoth, Vidya (March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348314">"Red pepper (Capsicum annuum) carotenoids as a source of natural food colors: analysis and stability-a review"</a>. <i>Journal of Food Science and Technology</i>. <b>52</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">1258–</span>1271. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs13197-014-1260-7">10.1007/s13197-014-1260-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4348314">4348314</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25745195">25745195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Red+pepper+%28Capsicum+annuum%29+carotenoids+as+a+source+of+natural+food+colors%3A+analysis+and+stability-a+review&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1258-%3C%2Fspan%3E1271&rft.date=2015-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4348314%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25745195&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs13197-014-1260-7&rft.aulast=Arimboor&rft.aufirst=Ranjith&rft.au=Natarajan%2C+Ramesh+Babu&rft.au=Menon%2C+K.+Ramakrishna&rft.au=Chandrasekhar%2C+Lekshmi.+P&rft.au=Moorkoth%2C+Vidya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4348314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capsicum_annuum&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-taxon=Capsicum+annuum"><i>Capsicum annuum</i></a> in the <a href="/wiki/CalPhotos" title="CalPhotos">CalPhotos</a> photo database, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=8745">"Capsicum annuum"</a>. <i>Calflora</i>. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Capsicum+annuum&rft.btitle=Calflora&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=The+Calflora+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.calflora.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fspecies_query.cgi%3Fwhere-calrecnum%3D8745&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Capsicum+annuum">"Capsicum annuum"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">Plants for a Future</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+for+a+Future&rft.atitle=Capsicum+annuum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpfaf.org%2Fuser%2FPlant.aspx%3FLatinName%3DCapsicum%2Bannuum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACapsicum+annuum" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capsicum_cultivars557" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Template:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Template talk:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capsicum cultivars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capsicum_cultivars557" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Capsicum_cultivars" title="List of Capsicum cultivars"><i>Capsicum</i> cultivars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>annuum</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almora_Lakhori_Mirchi" title="Almora Lakhori Mirchi">Almora Lakhori Mirchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_pepper" title="Aleppo pepper">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baklouti_pepper" title="Baklouti pepper">Baklouti pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_pepper" title="Banana pepper">Banana pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banaras_Lal_Bharwamirch_(Red_Pickle_Chilli)" class="mw-redirect" title="Banaras Lal Bharwamirch (Red Pickle Chilli)">Banaras Lal Bharwamirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Dam_pepper" title="Beaver Dam pepper">Beaver Dam pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhiwapur_Chilli" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhiwapur Chilli">Bhiwapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_eye_chili" title="Bird's eye chili">Bird's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byadagi_chilli" title="Byadagi chilli">Byadagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascabel_chili" title="Cascabel chili">Cascabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Cayenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongyang_chili_pepper" title="Cheongyang chili pepper">Cheongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilaca">Chilaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubanelle" title="Cubanelle">Cubanelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_de_%C3%A1rbol" title="Chile de árbol">De árbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diavoletto_d%27Abruzzo" title="Diavoletto d'Abruzzo">Diavoletto d'Abruzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundicut" title="Dundicut">Dundicut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edayur_chilli" title="Edayur chilli"> Edayur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Er_jing_tiao" title="Er jing tiao">Er jing tiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espelette_pepper" title="Espelette pepper">Espelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_heaven_pepper" title="Facing heaven pepper">Facing heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friggitello" title="Friggitello">Friggitello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajillo_chili" title="Guajillo chili">Guajillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntur_Sannam" title="Guntur Sannam">Guntur Sannam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmal_chilli" title="Harmal chilli">Harmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wax_pepper" title="Hungarian wax pepper">Hungarian wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">Jalapeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_red_chilli" title="Kashmiri red chilli">Kashmiri red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khola_chilli" title="Khola chilli">Khola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_chili_pepper" title="Korean chili pepper">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa_pepper" title="Medusa pepper">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulato_pepper" title="Mulato pepper">Mulato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandurbar_Mirchi" title="Nandurbar Mirchi">Nandurbar Mirchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">New Mexico chile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Jim_pepper" title="Big Jim pepper">Big Jim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimayo_pepper" title="Chimayo pepper">Chimayó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_chile" title="Fresno chile">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_No._9" title="New Mexico No. 9">No. 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandia_pepper" title="Sandia pepper">Sandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Grande_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Fe Grande pepper">Santa Fe Grande</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padr%C3%B3n_pepper" title="Padrón pepper">Padrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasilla" title="Pasilla">Pasilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_pepper" title="Peter pepper">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peperone_crusco" title="Peperone crusco">Peperone crusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimiento" title="Pimiento">Pimiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblano" title="Poblano">Poblano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramnathapuram_Mundu_chilli" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramnathapuram Mundu chilli">Ramnathapuram Mundu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serrano_pepper" title="Serrano pepper">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishito" title="Shishito">Shishito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_haba" title="Siling haba">Siling haba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirarakhong_Hathei_chilli" title="Sirarakhong Hathei chilli">Sirarakhong Hathei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum"><i>C. annuum</i> var. <i>glabriusculum</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pequin_pepper" title="Pequin pepper">Piquín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum">Wild chiltepin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_chinense" title="Capsicum chinense">C. chinense</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjuma" title="Adjuma">Adjuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_dulce" title="Ají dulce">Ají dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhut_jolokia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhut jolokia">Bhut jolokia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper">Carolina Reaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_habanero" title="Chocolate habanero">Chocolate habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datil_pepper" title="Datil pepper">Datil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Breath_(chili_pepper)" title="Dragon's Breath (chili pepper)">Dragon's Breath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatalii" title="Fatalii">Fatalii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habanaga" title="Habanaga">Habanaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habanero" title="Habanero">Habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_yellow_lantern_chili" title="Hainan yellow lantern chili">Hainan yellow lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinity_chili" title="Infinity chili">Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Jeanette" title="Madame Jeanette">Madame Jeanette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagabon" title="Nagabon">Nagabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Mircha" title="Naga Mircha">Naga Mircha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Morich" title="Naga Morich">Naga Morich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Viper_pepper" title="Naga Viper pepper">Naga Viper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Savina_pepper" title="Red Savina pepper">'Red Savina' habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_bonnet" title="Scotch bonnet">Scotch bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Moruga_scorpion" title="Trinidad Moruga scorpion">Trinidad Moruga scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Scorpion_Butch_T_pepper" title="Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper">Trinidad scorpion 'Butch T'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_X" title="Pepper X">Pepper X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_frutescens" title="Capsicum frutescens">C. frutescens</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piri_piri" title="Piri piri">African bird's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambuzi" title="Kambuzi">Kambuzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_labuyo" title="Siling labuyo">Labuyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagueta_pepper" title="Malagueta pepper">Malagueta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_chilli" title="Mizo chilli">Mizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco_pepper" title="Tabasco pepper">Tabasco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_baccatum" title="Capsicum baccatum">C. baccatum</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Ají pepper">Ají</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_crown" title="Bishop's crown">Bishop's crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_drop_pepper" title="Lemon drop pepper">Lemon drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_piquant%C3%A9_pepper" title="Sweet piquanté pepper">Sweet piquanté pepper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_pubescens" title="Capsicum pubescens">C. pubescens</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_pubescens" title="Capsicum pubescens">Rocoto pepper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Capsicum_cultivars" title="Category:Capsicum cultivars">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Capsicum" class="extiw" title="commons:Capsicum">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chili_peppers311" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chili_peppers" title="Template:Chili peppers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chili_peppers" title="Template talk:Chili peppers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chili_peppers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chili peppers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chili_peppers311" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper" title="Chili pepper">Chili peppers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">Cultivars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Capsicum annuum</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_pepper" title="Aleppo pepper">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_pepper" title="Banana pepper">Banana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_eye_chili" title="Bird's eye chili">Bird's eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Pearl_pepper" title="Black Pearl pepper">Black Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascabel_chili" title="Cascabel chili">Cascabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayenne_pepper" title="Cayenne pepper">Cayenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongyang_chili_pepper" title="Cheongyang chili pepper">Cheongyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_annuum_var._glabriusculum" title="Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum">Chiltepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubanelle" title="Cubanelle">Cubanelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_de_%C3%A1rbol" title="Chile de árbol">Chile de árbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundicut" title="Dundicut">Dundicut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espelette_pepper" title="Espelette pepper">Espelette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_heaven_pepper" title="Facing heaven pepper">Facing Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pepper" title="Fish pepper">Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florina_pepper" title="Florina pepper">Florina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friggitello" title="Friggitello">Friggitello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajillo_chili" title="Guajillo chili">Guajillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guntur_Sannam" title="Guntur Sannam">Guntur Sannam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wax_pepper" title="Hungarian wax pepper">Hungarian wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalape%C3%B1o" title="Jalapeño">Jalapeño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_chili_pepper" title="Korean chili pepper">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa_pepper" title="Medusa pepper">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_chile" title="New Mexico chile">New Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Jim_pepper" title="Big Jim pepper">Big Jim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimayo_pepper" title="Chimayo pepper">Chimayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresno_chile" title="Fresno chile">Fresno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandia_pepper" title="Sandia pepper">Sandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Grande_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Fe Grande pepper">Santa Fe Grande</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padr%C3%B3n_peppers" class="mw-redirect" title="Padrón peppers">Padrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasilla" title="Pasilla">Pasilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peperoncino" title="Peperoncino">Peperoncino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pequin_pepper" title="Pequin pepper">Pequin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_pepper" title="Peter pepper">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimiento" title="Pimiento">Pimiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piquillo_pepper" title="Piquillo pepper">Piquillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poblano" title="Poblano">Poblano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serrano_pepper" title="Serrano pepper">Serrano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishito" title="Shishito">Shishito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_haba" title="Siling haba">Siling haba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urfa_biber" title="Urfa biber">Urfa biber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_baccatum" title="Capsicum baccatum">Capsicum baccatum</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_crown" title="Bishop's crown">Bishop's crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_drop_pepper" title="Lemon drop pepper">Lemon drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppadew" title="Peppadew">Peppadew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_chinense" title="Capsicum chinense">Capsicum chinense</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjuma" title="Adjuma">Adjuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_caballero" title="Ají caballero">Ají caballero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aj%C3%AD_dulce" title="Ají dulce">Ají dulce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhut_jolokia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhut jolokia">Bhut jolokia</a> (ghost pepper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_Reaper" title="Carolina Reaper">Carolina Reaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datil_pepper" title="Datil pepper">Datil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Breath_(chili_pepper)" title="Dragon's Breath (chili pepper)">Dragon's Breath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellachipur_Sanman" title="Ellachipur Sanman">Ellachipur Sanman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatalii" title="Fatalii">Fatalii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habanero" title="Habanero">Habanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_yellow_lantern_chili" title="Hainan yellow lantern chili">Hainan yellow lantern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinity_chili" title="Infinity chili">Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komodo_Dragon_(chili_pepper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Komodo Dragon (chili pepper)">Komodo Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Jeanette" title="Madame Jeanette">Madame Jeanette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagabon" title="Nagabon">Nagabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Morich" title="Naga Morich">Naga Morich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_Viper_pepper" title="Naga Viper pepper">Naga Viper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_X" title="Pepper X">Pepper X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Savina_pepper" title="Red Savina pepper">Red Savina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_bonnet" title="Scotch bonnet">Scotch bonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Moruga_scorpion" title="Trinidad Moruga scorpion">Trinidad Moruga scorpion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Scorpion_Butch_T_pepper" title="Trinidad Scorpion Butch T pepper">Trinidad Scorpion Butch T</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Capsicum_frutescens" title="Capsicum frutescens">Capsicum frutescens</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peri-peri" class="mw-redirect" title="Peri-peri">African Birdseye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kambuzi" title="Kambuzi">Kambuzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagueta_pepper" title="Malagueta pepper">Malagueta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siling_labuyo" title="Siling labuyo">Siling labuyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco_pepper" title="Tabasco pepper">Tabasco pepper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Habanero chile pepper"><img alt="Habanero chile pepper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg/80px-Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg/120px-Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg/160px-Habanero_closeup_edit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culinary uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobada" title="Adobada">Adobada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_con_carne" title="Chili con carne">Chili con carne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_dog" title="Chili dog">Chili dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper_paste" class="mw-redirect" title="Chili pepper paste">Chili pepper paste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_pepper_water" title="Chili pepper water">Chili pepper water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_powder" title="Chili powder">Chili powder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_thread" title="Chili thread">Chili thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ema_datshi" title="Ema datshi">Ema datshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filfel_chuma" class="mw-redirect" title="Filfel chuma">Filfel chuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gochujang" title="Gochujang">Gochujang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harissa" title="Harissa">Harissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nam_phrik" title="Nam phrik">Nam phrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppersoup" title="Peppersoup">Peppersoup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piperade" title="Piperade">Piperade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Condiment" title="Condiment">Condiments</a> and sauces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sal%C3%A7a" title="Salça">Biber salçası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_oil" title="Chili oil">Chili oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chili_sauce" class="mw-redirect" title="Chili sauce">Chili sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_sauce" title="Hot sauce">Hot sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dr%C4%93gusu" title="Kōrēgusu">Kōrēgusu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_jelly" title="Pepper jelly">Pepper jelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickapeppa_Sauce" title="Pickapeppa Sauce">Pickapeppa Sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shichimi" title="Shichimi">Shichimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sriracha" title="Sriracha">Sriracha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_chili_sauce" title="Sweet chili sauce">Sweet chili sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco_sauce" title="Tabasco sauce">Tabasco sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XO_sauce" title="XO sauce">XO sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capsaicin" title="Capsaicin">Capsaicin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile_Pepper_Institute" title="Chile Pepper Institute">Chile Pepper Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilympiad" title="Chilympiad">Chilympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_pepper_challenge" title="Hot pepper challenge">Hot pepper challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan_hand_syndrome" title="Hunan hand syndrome">Hunan hand syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">Pepper spray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ristra" title="Ristra">Ristra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoville_scale" title="Scoville scale">Scoville scale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chili_peppers" title="Category:Chili peppers">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chili_peppers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chili peppers">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers6809" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers6809" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Capsicum annuum</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1380" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q1380">Q1380</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_annuum" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Capsicum annuum">Capsicum annuum</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://floraofalabama.org/Plant.aspx?id=3530">3530</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/175983">175983</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/108190">108190</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id40771">40771</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bench.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=315097">315097</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Calflora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=8745">8745</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/QT4R">QT4R</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=618">618</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/581098">581098</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CPSAN">CPSAN</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/185076">185076</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200020513">200020513</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Capsicum%20annuum">Capsicum annuum</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020513">200020513</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2932944">2932944</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=8904">8904</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/48514">48514</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/316944-2">316944-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10204502">10204502</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=30492">30492</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/100895534">100895534</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">MoBotPF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=287148">287148</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.144407/">2.144407</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000033294">NBNSYS0000033294</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=4072">4072</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NSWFlora" class="mw-redirect" title="NSWFlora">NSWFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Capsicum~annuum">Capsicum~annuum</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraNT" title="FloraNT">NTFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=5539">5539</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/4ada967d-dc4f-4b2e-a390-a58c32ad0cad">4ada967d-dc4f-4b2e-a390-a58c32ad0cad</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Plant_Conservation_Network" title="New Zealand Plant Conservation Network">NZPCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=4510">4510</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/6522/">6522</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=473836">473836</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PalDat: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paldat.org/pub/Capsicum_annuum">Capsicum_annuum</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PFI: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=4726">4726</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2698415">kew-2698415</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CAAN4">CAAN4</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A316944-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316944-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">RHS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/71018/wd/Details">71018</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicos.org/name/29600002">29600002</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0001019982">wfo-0001019982</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> 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