Frauds, Hoaxes, and Conspiracy Theories - topical index

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<h2>Topical Indexes</h2> <ul class="nav_1"> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tialtmed.html">Alternatives to Medicine</a></li> <li> <a href="http://skepdic.com/ticriticalthinking.html">Critical Thinking</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/ticrypto.html">Cryptozoology</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tialien.html">ETs & UFOs</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tifraud.html">Frauds, Hoaxes, Conspiracies</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tijunk.html">Junk Science</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tilogic.html">Logic & Perception</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tinewage.html">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tipara.html">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tiscience.html">Science & Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/tisuper.html">Supernatural</a></li> <li> </li> </ul> <h2>Other Writings</h2> <ul class="nav_2"> <li> <a href="http://59ways.blogspot.com/"> Unnatural Acts blog</a></li><li> <a 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Kids</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/hollow.html">A Skeptic's Halloween</a></li> <li><a href="http://renish.skepdic.com/AllNotes.html">Editor's Notes</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/refuge/getinvolved.html"> Get involved</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/future.html">Future Topics?</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/permissions.html"> Permission to print</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/report/">Site Statistics</a></li><li></li> </ul> </div></div> <div class="content"> <div class="it"> <h2>From Abracadabra to Zombies<span class="small"> | <a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html">View All</a></span></h2> <ul class="alphabet"> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#A">a</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#B">b</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#C">c</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#D">d</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#E">e</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#F">f</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#G">g</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#H">h</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#I">i</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#J">j</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#K">k</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#L">l</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#M">m</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#N">n</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#O">o</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#P">p</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Q">q</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#R">r</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#S">s</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#T">t</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#U">u</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#V">v</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#W">w</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#X">x</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Y">y</a></li> <li><a href="http://skepdic.com/contents.html#Z">z</a></li> </ul> <webContent> <h1>topical index: frauds, hoaxes, conspiracies</h1> <a name="0-9">0-9</a><br /> <a letter="0-9" href="maya.html">2012 doomsday theories</a><br /> <a letter="0-9" href="911conspiracy.html">9/11 conspiracies</a><br /> <a name="A">A</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="aliens.html">alien abduction</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="andrews.html">Andrews, Lynn</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="antivaccination.html">anti-vaccination movement</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="archaeoraptor.html">Archaeoraptor</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="area51.html">area 51</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="apollo.html">Apollo Moon landing hoax hoax</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="aztec.html">Aztec UFO hoax</a><br /> <a name="B">B</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="beliefarmor.html">belief armor</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="benstein.html">Ben Stein conspiracy</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="birthers.html">birthers</a><br /> <a letter="A" href="blaylock.html">Blaylock, Russell</a> (conspiracy involves Big Pharma, the WHO, and the US government)<br /> <a letter="B" href="bridey.html">Bridey Murphy</a><br /> <a letter="B" href="buttar.html">Rashid Buttar, D.O.</a><br /> <a name="C">C</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="ricksimpson.html">cannabis cures cancer hoax</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="cardiff.html">Cardiff Giant</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="carlos.html">"Carlos" hoax</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="castaneda.html">Castaneda, Carlos </a><br /> <a letter="C" href="cattle.html">cattle "mutilation"</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="charitieshoaxemail.html">charities hoax email</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="chelate.html">chelation therapy</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="chemtrails.html">chemtrails</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="huldaclark.html">Hulda Clark</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="climatedeniers.html">climate change deniers</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="fairies.html">Cottingly fairy hoax</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="cropcirc.html">crop circle</a><br /> <a letter="C" href="crystalskull.html">crystal skull</a><br /> <a name="D">D</a><br /> <i><a name="D" href="dianetic.html">Dianetics</a></i><br /> <a letter="D" href="dixon.html">Dixon, Jeane</a><br /> <a name="E">E</a><br /> <a letter="E" href="emf.html">electromagnetic fields (cell phones, Wi-Fi, etc.)</a><br /> <a name="F">F</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="facilcom.html">facilitated communication</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="firewalk.html">firewalking</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="fluoridation.html">fluoridation</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="foodallergynut.html">food allergy conspiracy</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="fordhoax.html">Ford, Arthur hoax</a><br /> <a letter="F" href="drfritz.html">Fritz, Dr</a>.<br /> <a name="G">G</a><br /> <a letter="G" href="geller.html">Geller, Uri </a>(accused of being a fraud by James Randi, but he denies it)<br /> <a letter="G" href="gersontherapy.html">Gerson therapy</a> (Big Pharma conspiracy)<br /> <a name="H">H</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="haunted.html">haunted house</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="herbfuel.html">herbal fuel</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="aidsdenial.html">HIV/AIDS denial</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="hollowearth.html">hollow Earth</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="holocaustdenial.html">Holocaust denial</a><br /> <a letter="H" href="horowitz.html">Horowitz, Leonard </a>(many conspiracies but the best one is that the illuminati are behind the standards of the 12-note musical scale)<br /> <a letter="H" href="hutchisonhoax.html">Hutchison hoax</a><br /> <a name="I">I</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="icastones.html">Ica stones</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="illuminati.html">Illuminati</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="indianrope.html">Indian rope trick</a><br /> <a letter="I" href="inset.html">Inset Fuel Stabilizer</a><br /> <a name="J">J</a><br /> <a letter="J" href="januarius.html">Januarius</a><br /> <a name="K">K</a><br /> <a letter="K" href="channel.html">Knight, J.Z. (Ramtha)</a><br /> <a name="L">L</a><br /> <a letter="L" href="rama.html">Lenz, Frederick (Rama)</a><br /> <a name="M">M</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="manufactroversy.html">manufactroversy</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="medium.html">medium</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="microacupuncture.html">microacupuncture</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="mindcont.html">mind control</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="mlm.html">multi-level marketing (MLM)</a><br /> <a letter="M" href="mlmhar.html">multi-level marketing (MLM) harassment</a><br /> <a name="N">N</a><br /> <a letter="N" href="nigerianscam.html">Nigerian scam</a><br /> <a name="O">O</a><br /> <a letter="O" href="organic.html">organic food (GM conspiracy)</a><br /> <a name="P">P</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="perfectprediction.html">perfect prediction scam</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="piltdown.html">Piltdown Hoax</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="philadel.html">Philadelphia Experiment</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="poeslaw.html">Poe's Law</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="predatoryjournals.html">predatory open access journals</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="projectalpha.html">Project Alpha</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="protocols.html">Protocols of the Elders of Zion</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="protsch.html">Protsch (von Zieten), Reiner </a><br /> <a letter="P" href="psychic.html">psychic</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="pufedorfhoax.html">Pufedorf hoax</a><br /> <a letter="P" href="pyramid.html">pyramid schemes, chain letters, & Ponzi schemes</a><br /> <a name="Q">Q</a><br /> <a letter="Q" href="quackmiranda.html">quack Miranda warning</a><br /> <a letter="Q" href="quadro.html">Quadro Tracker</a><br /> <a name="R">R</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="rader.html">Rader, William C., M.D.</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="raelian.html">Ra毛lian</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="rama.html">Rama</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="rampa.html">Rampa, Lobsang</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="channel.html">Ramtha</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="rath.html">Rath, Matthias</a><br /> <a letter="R" href="rivas.html">Rivas, Catalina </a><br /> <a letter="R" href="roswell.html">Roswell</a><br /> <a name="S">S</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="saibaba.html">Sai Baba</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="satanrit.html">Satanic ritual abuse</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="shroud.html">shroud of Turin</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="ricksimpson.html">Simpson, Rick</a> (hemp oil cures cancer)<br /> <a letter="S" href="soalgoldney.html">Soal-Goldney experiment</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="sokal.html">Sokal hoax</a><br /> <a letter="S" href="steveterbot.html">Steve Terbot hoax</a><br /> <a name="T">T</a><br /> <a letter="T" href="trudeau.html">Trudeau, Kevin</a><br /> <a letter="T" href="trumo.html">Trump University</a><br /> <a name="U">U</a><br /> <a letter="U" href="ufos_ets.html">UFOs</a><br /> <a letter="U" href="urantia.html">Urantia Book</a><br /> <a name="V">V</a><br /> <a letter="V" href="autismthimerosal.html">vaccine conspiracy</a><br /> <a letter="V" href="velikov.html">Velikovsky, Immanuel</a><br /> <a name="W">W</a><br /> <a letter="W" href="wakefield.html">Andrew Wakefield</a><br /> <a name="Y">Y</a><br /> <a letter="Y" href="yellowbamboo.html">Yellow Bamboo</a><br /> </webContent>Last updated 11-Jun-2016 <h3><b><a name="sources" id="sources">Other Sources</a> </b></h3> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="essays/fraudsprankshoaxes.html">"Pranks, Frauds, and Hoaxes from Around the World." Robert Carroll (2004). <i>Skeptical Inquirer</i>. volume 28, No. 4. July/August, pp. 41-46.</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://skepdic.com/essays/anythinggoes.html">Clever Irrationality</a> by R. Carroll</p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://skepdic.com/refuge/theinvisiblegorilla.html">My review</a> of <em>The Invisible Gorilla: And Other Ways Our Intuitions Deceive Us</em> by Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons. The authors consider conspiracy theories to be examples of cogntive <a href="pareidolia.html">pareidolia</a> or <a href="apophenia.html"">apophenia</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="refuge/2good.html">Too Good to Be True</a></p> <h3>Recommended Reading</h3> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1568581041/roberttoddcarrolA/">Abanes, Richard. <i>End-Time Visions: The Road to Armageddon </i>(Four Walls Eight Windows, 1998).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1574881663/roberttoddcarrolA/">Brugioni, Dino A. <i>Photo Fakery : The History and Techniques of Photographic Deception and Manipulation </i> (Brasseys Inc., 1999)</a> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0801057213/roberttoddcarrolA/">Camp, Gregory S. <i>Selling Fear: Conspiracy Theories and End-Times Paranoia </i>(Baker Book House, 1997).</a></font></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0830816240/roberttoddcarrolA/">Coughlin, Paul T. <i>Secrets, Plots & Hidden Agendas: What You Don't Know About Conspiracy Theories </i>(Intervarsity Press, 1999).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0767404599/roberttoddcarrolA/">Feder, Kenneth L. <i>Frauds, Mysteries and Myths</i>: Science and Pseudoscience in Archaeology 3rd ed. (Mountain View, California: Mayfield Publishing Co., 1998).</a> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0307390675/roberttoddcarrolA/">Goldwag, Arthur. 2009. <i>Cults, Conspiracies, and Secret Societies:The Straight Scoop on Freemasons, The Illuminati, Skull and Bones, Black Helicopters, The New World Order, and many, many more</i>.Vintage</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://karws.gso.uri.edu/jfk/conspiracy_theory/the_paranoid_mentality/the_paranoid_style.html"> Hofstadter, Richard. 1964. The Paranoid Style in American Politics. <i>Harper鈥檚 Magazine</i>, November.</a> Some things never change. Forty-five years ago, the paranoid right planted the seeds that continue to produce a parade of parrots.</p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=962462">Hoofnagle, Chris Jay. (2007). <em>The Denialists' Deck of Cards: An Illustrated Taxonomy of Rhetoric Used to Frustrate Consumer Protection Efforts. </em>SSRN</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0151008779/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Judson, Horace Freeland. (2004). <i>The Great Betrayal : Fraud in Science</i>. Harcourt.</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1573921610/roberttoddcarrolA/">Keene, M. Lamar. <i>The Psychic Mafia</i> (Prometheus, 1997).</a> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1858282810/roberttoddcarrolA/">McConnachie, James and Robin Tudge (2008). <i>The Rough Guide to Conspiracy Theories 2</i>  Rough Guides.</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1891661108/roberttoddcarrolA/">McCoy, Bob. <i>Quack! : Tales of Medical Fraud from the Museum of Questionable Medical Devices</i> (Santa Monica Press, 2000).</a> </p> <p> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=019530067X/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Michaels, David. 2008.<em> Doubt is Their Product: How Industry's Assault on Science Threatens Your Health</em>. Oxford University Press.</a> </p> <p> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1596916109/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Oreskes, Naomi and Erik M. Conway. 2010. <em>Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming</em>. Bloomesbury Press.</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0684831317/roberttoddcarrolA/">Pipes, Daniel. <i>Conspiracy: How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From </i>(The Free Press, 1997).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0312151195/roberttoddcarrolA/">Randi, James. <i>An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural</i>, (N.Y.: St. Martin's Press, 1995)</a> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0879755350/roberttoddcarrolA/">Randi, James. <i>The Faith Healers</i> (Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1987).</a> </p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0879751983/roberttoddcarrolA/">Randi, James. <i>Flim-Flam! </i>(Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books, 1982)</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0879751991/roberttoddcarrolA/">Randi, James. <i>The Truth about Uri Geller</i>, (Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books, 1982)</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0743233212/roberttoddcarrolA/">Ronson, Jon. 2002. <i>Them: Adventures with Extremists.</i> Simon & Schuster. </a></p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=why-people-believe-in-conspiracies&sc=WR_20090915"> Shermer, Michael. 2009. Why People Believe in Conspiracies: A skeptic's take on the public's fascination with disinformation. <i>Scientific American</i>. </a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=1594202303/roberttoddcarrolA/">Specter, Michael. 2009. <em>Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Hinders Scientific Progress, Harms the Planet, and Threatens Our Lives.</em> Penguin Press.</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0810384140/roberttoddcarrolA/">Stein, Gordon. <em>Encyclopedia of Hoaxes</em> (Prometheus, 1993).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0787604801/roberttoddcarrolA/">Stein, Gordon. <i>Hoaxes!: Dupes, Dodges & Other Dastardly Deceptions </i>(Visible Ink Press 1995).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0962347302/roberttoddcarrolA/">Steiner, Robert A. <i>Don't Get Taken: Bunco & Bunkum Exposed -  How to Protect Yourself </i>(Wide-A-Wake Books, 1989).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0028644158/roberttoddcarrolA/"> Swierczynski, Duane. <i>The Complete Idiot's Guide To Frauds, Scams, and Cons</i> (Alpha Books 2002).</a></p> <p style="text-align: left"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ISBN=0806520337/roberttoddcarrolA/">Vankin, Jonathan and John Whalen. <i>The Seventy Greatest Conspiracies of All Time: History's Biggest Mysteries, Coverups, and Cabals </i>(Citadel, 1998).</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="right_it"> <div class="search"> <form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/custom" target="_top"> <input type="hidden" name="domains" value="skepdic.com" /> <input type="text" name="q" maxlength="255" value="" size="20" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> <br /> <div class="search_2"> <input type="radio" name="sitesearch" value="" /> Web     <input type="radio" name="sitesearch" value="skepdic.com" checked="checked" /> Skepdic.com <br><img src="_images/logo_google.gif" alt="Google" width="48" height="19" /> </div> <input type="hidden" name="client" value="pub-3542920166946725" /> <input type="hidden" name="forid" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="hidden" name="oe" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="hidden" name="cof" value="GALT:#008000;GL:1;DIV:#336699;VLC:663399;AH:center;BGC:FFFFFF;LBGC:336699;ALC:0000FF;LC:0000FF;T:000000;GFNT:0000FF;GIMP:0000FF;FORID:1;" /> <input type="hidden" name="hl" value="en" /> </form> </div> <h2 align="center"> <a style="text-decoration: none" href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Skeptics-Dictionary/195265446870?ref=ts"> <img border="0" src="graphics/facebook.jpg" width="50" height="49"></a><a href="https://twitter.com/RobertTCarroll"><img border="0" src="graphics/twitter.jpg" width="47" height="46"></a></h2> <p align="right"><span class="style1">If you find a Website you think is illegally selling human drugs, animal drugs, medical devices, biological products, foods, dietary supplements or cosmetics over the Web, please click</span> <a href="http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/email/oc/buyonline/buyonlineform.cfm"> here.</a> </p> </div> <p align="right"><a href="http://skepdic.com/authorpage.html"><strong>Books by R. 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