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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kodavimo_algoritmas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kodavimo algoritmas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kodavimo_algoritmas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Kodavimo algoritmas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kodavimo_algoritmas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pavyzdžiai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pavyzdžiai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pavyzdžiai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pavyzdžiai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Koduotės_UTF-8_privalumai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Koduotės_UTF-8_privalumai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Koduotės UTF-8 privalumai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Koduotės_UTF-8_privalumai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Koduotės_UTF-8_trūkumai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Koduotės_UTF-8_trūkumai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Koduotės UTF-8 trūkumai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Koduotės_UTF-8_trūkumai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuorodos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuorodos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nuorodos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuorodos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Turinys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Turinys" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">UTF-8</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF-8" title="صيغة التحويل الموحد-8 – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صيغة التحويل الموحد-8" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – azerbaidžaniečių" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžaniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – bulgarų" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AB-%E0%A7%AE" title="ইউটিএফ-৮ – bengalų" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউটিএফ-৮" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – bosnių" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – čiuvašų" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čiuvašų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – graikų" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="graikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – baskų" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81-%DB%B8" title="یوتی‌اف-۸ – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوتی‌اف-۸" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode#UTF-8" title="Unicode – suomių" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Unicode" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="suomių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – hebrajų" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – kroatų" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – vengrų" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="vengrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – armėnų" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – italų" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – latvių" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81.%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D-8" title="യു.ടി.എഫ്-8 – malajalių" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യു.ടി.എഫ്-8" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – naujoji norvegų" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="naujoji norvegų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – norvegų bukmolas" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegų bukmolas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – slovėnų" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – serbų" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – turkų" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88_%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81-8" title="یو ٹی ایف-8 – urdų" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یو ٹی ایف-8" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8 – kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="UTF-8" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193537#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Keisti tarpkalbines nuorodas" class="wbc-editpage">Keisti nuorodas</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vardų sritys"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="Rodyti puslapio turinį [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Straipsnis</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aptarimas:UTF-8" rel="discussion" title="Puslapio turinio aptarimas [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Aptarimas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">lietuvių</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Žiūrėti"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/UTF-8"><span>Skaityti</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit" title="Redaguoti šį puslapį [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Keisti</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit" title="Redaguoti šio puslapio išeities kodą [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Keisti vikitekstą</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=history" title="Ankstesnės puslapio versijos [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istorija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit" title="Redaguoti šio puslapio išeities kodą [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Keisti vikitekstą</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=history"><span>Istorija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bendra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Kas_%C4%AF_%C4%8Dia_rodo/UTF-8" title="Viki puslapių sąrašas, kuris nurodo čia [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Susiję straipsniai</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Pakeitimai_susijusiuose_puslapiuose/UTF-8" rel="nofollow" title="Paskutiniai keitimai puslapiuose, pasiekiamuose iš šio puslapio [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Susiję keitimai</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&oldid=6841695" title="Nuolatinė nuoroda į šią puslapio versiją"><span>Nuolatinė nuoroda</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=info" title="Daugiau žinių apie šį puslapį"><span>Puslapio informacija</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:CiteThisPage&page=UTF-8&id=6841695&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacija kaip cituoti šį puslapį"><span>Cituoti straipsnį</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUTF-8"><span>Gauti sutrumpintą URL nuorodą</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUTF-8"><span>Atsisiųsti QR kodą</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Spausdinti/eksportuoti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=UTF-8"><span>Kurti knygą</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specialus:DownloadAsPdf&page=UTF-8&action=show-download-screen"><span>Parsisiųsti kaip PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&printable=yes" title="Šio puslapio versija spausdinimui [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versija spausdinimui</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kituose projektuose </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:UTF-8" hreflang="en"><span>Vikiteka</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193537" title="Nuoroda į susietą duomenų saugyklos įrašą [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiduomenys įrašas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Išvaizda"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Išvaizda</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslėpti</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><p><b>UTF-8</b> (<i>8-bit Unicode Transformation Format</i>) – viena kintamo ilgio simbolių <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koduot%C4%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koduotė (puslapis neegzistuoja)">koduočių</a>, kuria galima užrašyti bet kokį <a href="/wiki/Unikodas" title="Unikodas">Unikodo</a> simbolį bei lieka ir pilnas suderinamumas su 7 bitų <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> koduote, pritaikyta anglų kalbos abėcėlei. </p><p>UTF-8 dažnai naudojama internete, kur dėl istorinių suderinamumo priežasčių ar dėl taupumo ne visada galima pereiti prie <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-16 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-16</a> koduotės. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Techninės_charakteristikos"><span id="Technin.C4.97s_charakteristikos"></span>Techninės charakteristikos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Techninės charakteristikos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Techninės charakteristikos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>UTF-8 yra Unikodo tipo koduotė, kurioje vienam simboliui skiriama nuo 1 baito iki 4 baitų. </p><p>Po <b>1 baitą</b> užima Angliškos abėcėlės simboliai, skaičiai, skyrybos ženklai. Taip koduojami 128 simboliai, kurių kodai priklauso <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> koduotei, Unikode užimančiai sritį nuo U+0000 iki U+007F. </p><p>Po <b>2 baitus</b> užima išplėstiniai lotyniški rašmenys (ir <a href="/wiki/Lietuvi%C5%B3_ab%C4%97c%C4%97l%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Lietuvių abėcėlė">lietuviškos raidės</a>), <a href="/wiki/Graik%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Graikų raštas">graikų</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arm%C4%97n%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Armėnų raštas">armėnų</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kopt%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Koptų raštas">koptų</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebraj%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Hebrajų raštas">hebrajų</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Arab%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Arabų raštas">arabų</a> abėcėlių bei <a href="/wiki/Kirilica" title="Kirilica">kirilicos</a> raidės. </p><p>Po <b>3 baitus</b> užima raidės kitų rašto sistemų (<a href="/wiki/Japon%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Japonų raštas">japonų</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kin%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Kinų raštas">kinų</a>, kitų Azijos tautų). </p><p>Po <b>4 baitus</b> užimantys simboliai yra labai reti (juos ir <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-16 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-16</a> koduoja ne dviem, o keturiais baitais). </p><p><b>5 baitų</b> ir <b>6 baitų</b> simbolius numatė pradinė specifikacija, bet 2003 m. lapkričio <a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3629">RFC 3629</a> dokumentas apribojo UTF-8 simbolius iki 4 baitų. </p><p>Kaip ir kitoms UTF koduotėms, apie baitų tvarką galima teksto dorojimo programą galima įspėti specialia <a href="/wiki/BOM" title="BOM">baitų tvarkos žyme</a>, tačiau konkrečiu UTF-8, kur koduojamo teksto baitų tvarka visada vienoda, triženklė žymė naudojama tik informavimui apie pačios UTF-8 buvimą. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kodavimo_algoritmas">Kodavimo algoritmas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Kodavimo algoritmas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kodavimo algoritmas"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Simboliai, kurių Unikodo kodai mažesni už 128 (80 šešioliktainėje sistemoje) koduojami taip pat kaip ir atitinkami 7 bitų <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> simboliai. Tam išnaudojamos visos baito reikšmės, kurių vyriausias bitas lygus 0. Taip koduojami ne vien rodomieji simboliai, bet ir eilutės pabaiga (0D) bei kiti specialūs ženklai. </p><p>Kitais atvejai prireikia iki keturių baitų. Vyriausias šių baitų bitas visada lygus 1, taip juos atskiriant nuo anksčiau minėtų ASCII ženklų. </p> <table border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width: 8em;">Kodo intervalas<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0e%C5%A1ioliktain%C4%97_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šešioliktainė sistema (puslapis neegzistuoja)">šešioliktainis</a> </th> <th style="width: 8em;">Reikšmė<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvejetain%C4%97_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvejetainė sistema (puslapis neegzistuoja)">dvejetainis</a> </th> <th style="width: auto;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-16 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-16</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_endian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Big endian (puslapis neegzistuoja)">big endian</a> variantas) </th> <th style="width: auto;">UTF-8<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvejetain%C4%97_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvejetainė sistema (puslapis neegzistuoja)">dvejetainis</a> </th> <th style="width: 25%;">Pastabos </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">000000–00007F </td> <td rowspan="2">0xxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">00000000 0xxxxxxx </td> <td>0xxxxxxx </td> <td rowspan="2">Kaip ir ASCII. Vyriausias bitas lygus 0. </td></tr> <tr> <td><small>septyni x</small> </td> <td><small>septyni x</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">000080–0007FF </td> <td rowspan="2">00000zzz zxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">00000zzz zxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">110zzzzx 10xxxxxx </td> <td rowspan="2" align="top">pirmas baitas prasideda 110, visi kiti prasideda 10. zzzz > 0000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><small>trys x, aštuoni x</small> </td> <td><small>penki x, šeši x</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">000800–00FFFF </td> <td rowspan="2">zzzzzxxx xxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">zzzzzxxx xxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">1110zzzz 10zxxxxx 10xxxxxx </td> <td rowspan="2" align="top">pirmas baitas prasideda 1110, visi kiti prasideda 10. zzzzz > 00000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><small>aštuoni x, aštuoni x</small> </td> <td><small>keturi x, šeši x, šeši x</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">010000–10FFFF </td> <td rowspan="2">000zzzzz xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">110110yy yyxxxxxx 110111xx xxxxxxxx </td> <td style="text-align: left;">11110zzz 10zzxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx </td> <td rowspan="2">UTF-16 „pakeičianti pora“, yyyy = zzzzz – 1, zzzzz > 00000. Šiuo atveju UTF-8 bitų reikšmės lygiai tokios pat kaip ir Unicode. </td></tr> <tr> <td><small>du x, aštuoni x, du x, aštuoni x</small> </td> <td><small>trys x, šeši x, šeši x, šeši x</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pavyzdžiai"><span id="Pavyzd.C5.BEiai"></span>Pavyzdžiai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Pavyzdžiai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Pavyzdžiai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hebraj%C5%B3_ra%C5%A1tas" title="Hebrajų raštas">Raidė</a> <i>aleph</i> (א), Unicode kodas U+05D0, koduojamas UTF-8 tokiu būdu: </p> <ul><li>Jis priklauso intervalui nuo U+0080 iki U+07FF. Iš lentelės matyti, jog toks simbolis turi būti koduojamas dviem baitais, <i>110</i>xxxxx ir <i>10</i>xxxxxx.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0e%C5%A1ioliktain%C4%97_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šešioliktainė sistema (puslapis neegzistuoja)">šešioliktainis</a> skaičius 05D0 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvejetain%C4%97_sistema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvejetainė sistema (puslapis neegzistuoja)">dvejetaine sistema</a> užrašomas kaip 101 1101 0000.</li> <li>Šie vienuolika bitų užima x pažymėtas pozicijas: 110<b>10111</b> 10<b>010000</b>.</li> <li>Galutinis rezultatas yra du baitai, D7 ir 90 (abu užrašyti šešioliktaine sistema). Tai ir yra <i>alef</i> raidės UTF-8 kodas.</li></ul> <p>Kiti pavyzdžiai: </p> <table width="100%" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <th>Pavyzdys </th> <th>Unikodas </th> <th>Unikodinis dvejetainis </th> <th>UTF-8 dvejetainis </th> <th>UTF-8 šešioliktainis </th></tr> <tr> <td>Raidė <i>y</i> </td> <td>U+0079 </td> <td>00000000 0<span style="color:#00CC00">1111001</span> </td> <td><b>0</b><span style="color:#00CC00">1111001</span> </td> <td>79 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vokiška raidė <i>ä</i> </td> <td>U+00E4 </td> <td>00000<span style="color:#00CCCC">000 11</span><span style="color:#00CC00">100100</span> </td> <td><b>110</b><span style="color:#00CCCC">00011</span> <b>10</b><span style="color:#00CC00">100100</span> </td> <td>C3 A4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ženklas <i>registered-trademark</i> <i>®</i> </td> <td>U+00AE </td> <td>00000<span style="color:#00CCCC">000 10</span><span style="color:#00CC00">101110</span> </td> <td><b>110</b><span style="color:#00CCCC">00010</span> <b>10</b><span style="color:#00CC00">101110</span> </td> <td>C2 AE </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Euras" title="Euras">Euro</a> ženklas <i>€</i> </td> <td>U+20AC </td> <td><span style="color:#CC00CC">0010</span><span style="color:#00CCCC">0000 10</span><span style="color:#00CC00">101100</span> </td> <td><b>1110</b><span style="color:#CC00CC">0010</span> <b>10</b><span style="color:#00CCCC">000010</span> <b>10</b><span style="color:#00CC00">101100</span> </td> <td>E2 82 AC </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Koduotės_UTF-8_privalumai"><span id="Koduot.C4.97s_UTF-8_privalumai"></span>Koduotės UTF-8 privalumai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Koduotės UTF-8 privalumai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Koduotės UTF-8 privalumai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Lotyniškos (anglų kalbos) raidės bei pagrindiniai skyrybos ženklai vienu baitu koduojami taip pat, kaip ir <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> bei daugeliu paplitusių senesnių koduočių. Todėl tokie rašmenys teisingai atvaizduojami senesnių programų, kurios nenumato Unikodo panaudojimo.</li> <li>Jei didžioji dalis simbolių koduojami vienu baitu, UTF-8 koduote saugomas tekstas užima žymiai mažiau vietos, nei <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-16 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-16</a> (USC-2) koduote.</li> <li>Šiai koduotei įmanoma pritaikyti <a href="/wiki/Blogo_simbolio_taisykl%C4%97" title="Blogo simbolio taisyklė">blogo simbolio taisyklės</a> paieškos algoritmą.</li> <li>Bent kiek ilgesnę UTF-8 eilutę nesunku atpažinti. Kitaip tariant, tikimybė, jog teisingai UTF-8 koduotės požiūriu atrodanti baitų seka iš tiesų slepia kaip nors kitaip koduotą tekstą yra menka. Pavyzdžiui, baitai C0, C1, ir nuo F5 iki FF UTF-8 dokumente niekada nesutinkami.</li> <li>Nors simbolių ribos nėra visiškai akivaizdžios, palyginus su kitomis koduotėmis jos randamos gana lengvai.</li> <li>Baitų seka, koduojanti vieną simbolį, niekada nėra sekos, koduojančios kokį nors kitą simbolį, dalis. Pavyzdžiui, minėtiems <a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> rašmenims koduoti skirti baitai ir koduoja vien tik ASCII rašmenis.</li> <li>Iš pirmojo simbolio baito akivaizdu, kiek baitų yra skirta simboliui koduoti.</li> <li>Kodavimas nereikalauja palyginus lėtų daugybos ar dalybos operacijų (anksčiau naudotam <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-1 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-1</a> jos buvo reikalingos).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Koduotės_UTF-8_trūkumai"><span id="Koduot.C4.97s_UTF-8_tr.C5.ABkumai"></span>Koduotės UTF-8 trūkumai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Koduotės UTF-8 trūkumai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Koduotės UTF-8 trūkumai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Jei teksto didžiąją dalį sudaro Azijos kalbų rašmenys UTF-8 koduotas tekstas užims daugiau vietos.</li> <li>Teksto eilutei skiriamas baitų skaičius priklauso ne tik nuo ženklų skaičiaus, bet ir nuo turinio, tai yra nuo to, kiek baitų skiriama rašmenims koduoti. Dėl to pagal <a href="/wiki/Baitas" title="Baitas">baitų</a> skaičių neįmanoma nustatyti eilutės ilgio, o senosios programos, kurios eilutės ilgį nustato pagal <a href="/wiki/Baitas" title="Baitas">baitų</a> skaičių, klaidingai atvaizduoja tekstą (pvz., „sugriūva“ tekstinės lentelės).</li> <li>Koduotė reikalauja perduoti visus aštuonis baito bitus. Alternatyvi koduotė <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UTF-7 (puslapis neegzistuoja)">UTF-7</a> reikalauja perduoti tik pirmus septynis bitus, kurių pakako ir ASCII. Kai kuri duomenų perdavimo įranga aštuntą bitą naudoja savo specialiems tikslams ir UTF-8 užkoduoto teksto tiesiogiai perduoti negali.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuorodos">Nuorodos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nuorodos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Nuorodos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lietuviški šaltiniai: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likit.lt/all/publik/urf.htm">Prof. Gintauto Grigo rekomendacijos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unicode.strangled.net/lt/index.html">Ričardo Čepo svetainė apie Unicode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060111061046/http://unicode.strangled.net/lt/index.html">Archyvuota kopija</a> 2006-01-11 iš <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> projekto.</li></ul> <p>Anglų kalba: </p> <ul><li><a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3629">RFC 3629</a>, UTF-8 standarto aprašymas</li> <li><a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2277">RFC 2277</a>, IETF politika dėl koduočių ir kalbų</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utf-8.com/">UTF-8</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/ucs/utf-8-history.txt">Rob Pike tells the story of UTF-8's creation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/utf.pdf">Original UTF-8 paper</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050505032430/http://www.cs.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/utf.pdf">Archyvuota kopija</a> 2005-05-05 iš <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> projekto.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cognaxon.com/downloads/LithuanianCharSetConverter/online/Lithuanian_charset_converter.html">Free online Lithuanian charset converter</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rodomas puslapis "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&oldid=6841695">https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UTF-8&oldid=6841695</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Kategorijos" title="Specialus:Kategorijos">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Standartai" title="Kategorija:Standartai">Standartai</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Paslėptos kategorijos: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Webarchive_%C5%A1ablono_Wayback_nuorodos" title="Kategorija:Webarchive šablono Wayback nuorodos">Webarchive šablono Wayback nuorodos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Puslapiai,_naudojantys_RFC_magi%C5%A1kas_nuorodas" title="Kategorija:Puslapiai, naudojantys RFC magiškas nuorodas">Puslapiai, naudojantys RFC magiškas nuorodas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šis puslapis paskutinį kartą keistas 18 sausio 2023 01:08.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekstas pateikiamas pagal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike Licenciją</a>; gali būti taikomos papildomos sąlygos. 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