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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Drive-through" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Drive-through_restaurants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drive-through_restaurants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Drive-through restaurants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Drive-through_restaurants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Drive-through restaurants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Drive-through_restaurants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Service_time" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Service_time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Service time</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Service_time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drive-through_banking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drive-through_banking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Drive-through banking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drive-through_banking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drive-through_stores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drive-through_stores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Drive-through stores</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Drive-through_stores-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Drive-through stores subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Drive-through_stores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Grocery_shopping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grocery_shopping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Grocery shopping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grocery_shopping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liquor_stores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liquor_stores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Liquor stores</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liquor_stores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drive-through_medical_testing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drive-through_medical_testing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Drive-through medical testing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drive-through_medical_testing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emissions_and_traffic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emissions_and_traffic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Emissions and traffic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Emissions_and_traffic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Emissions and traffic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Emissions_and_traffic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Emissions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traffic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traffic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Traffic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traffic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Other examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-car_customers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-car_customers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Non-car customers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Non-car_customers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Non-car customers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Non-car_customers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Walk-up_windows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Walk-up_windows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Walk-up windows</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Walk-up_windows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Horse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Horse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Horse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Horse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visually_impaired" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visually_impaired"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Visually impaired</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visually_impaired-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ski-through" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ski-through"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Ski-through</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ski-through-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="طلبات السيارة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طلبات السيارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_thru-restaurant" title="Drive thru-restaurant – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Drive thru-restaurant" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="خدمات سواره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدمات سواره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_(commerce)" title="Drive (commerce) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Drive (commerce)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C%EC%8A%A4%EB%A3%A8" title="드라이브스루 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="드라이브스루" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lantatur" title="Lantatur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lantatur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91_%D7%AA%27%D7%A8%D7%95" title="דרייב ת'רו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דרייב ת'רו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC" title="ドライブスルー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドライブスルー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabaya_servis" title="Arabaya servis – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arabaya servis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-through" title="Drive-through – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Drive-through" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%97%E4%BE%86%E9%80%9F" title="得來速 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="得來速" data-language-autonym="中文" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Drive-through_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Drive-through (disambiguation)">Drive-through (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg/220px-UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg/330px-UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg/440px-UK_McDonald%27s_drive-through_windows.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>McDonald's drive-through windows in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg/220px-Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg/330px-Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg/440px-Rally%27s_drive-through.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Some fast food chains, such as this <a href="/wiki/Rally%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Rally's">Rally's</a> located near <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, have two drive-throughs.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg/220px-Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg/330px-Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg/440px-Post_office_drivethrough_lane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption>Drive-through <a href="/wiki/Post_box" title="Post box">mailboxes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Altos,_California" title="Los Altos, California">Los Altos</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>drive-through</b> or <b>drive-thru</b> (a <a href="/wiki/Sensational_spelling" title="Sensational spelling">sensational spelling</a> of the word <i>through</i>), is a type of <a href="/wiki/Take-out" title="Take-out">take-out</a> service provided by a business that allows customers to purchase products without leaving their cars. The format was pioneered in the United States in the 1930s, and has since spread to other countries. </p><p>A drive-up window teller was installed at the Grand National Bank of <a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>, in 1930. The drive-up teller allowed only deposits at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Orders are generally placed using a <a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">microphone</a> and picked up in person at the window. A drive-through is different from a <a href="/wiki/Drive-in" title="Drive-in">drive-in</a> in several ways - the cars create a line and move in one direction in drive-throughs, and normally do not <a href="/wiki/Parking" title="Parking">park</a>, whereas drive-ins allow cars to park next to each other, the food is generally brought to the window by a server, called a <a href="/wiki/Carhop" title="Carhop">carhop</a>, and the customer can remain in the parked car to eat. However, during peak periods, to keep the queue down and avoid <a href="/wiki/Traffic_flow" title="Traffic flow">traffic flow</a> problems, drive-throughs occasionally switch to an "order at the window, then park in a designated space" model where the customer will receive their food from an attendant when it is ready to be served. This results in a perceived relationship between the two service models. </p><p>Drive-throughs have generally replaced drive-ins in popular culture, and are now found in the vast majority of modern American <a href="/wiki/Fast_food_chain" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast food chain">fast food chains</a>. Sometimes, a store with a drive-through is referred to as a "drive-through", or the term is attached to the service, such as, "drive-through restaurant". or "drive-through bank". </p><p>Drive-throughs typically have signs over the drive-through lanes to show customers which lanes are open for business. The types of signage used is usually illuminated so the "open" message can be changed to a "closed" message when the lane is not available. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drive-through_restaurants">Drive-through restaurants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Drive-through restaurants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg/220px-McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg/330px-McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg/440px-McDonalds_drive_thru_Charnwood_Australia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>A typical Australian <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> drive-through with speaker</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG/220px-Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG/330px-Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG/440px-Drive_thru_intercom_and_menus.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Intercom" title="Intercom">intercom</a> and menus at a British McDonald's restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, Scotland</figcaption></figure> <p>A drive-through restaurant generally consists of: </p> <ul><li>A <a href="/wiki/Loudspeaker" title="Loudspeaker">speaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">microphone</a> for customers to place their orders</li> <li>A speaker and microphone or wireless <a href="/wiki/Headset_(audio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Headset (audio)">headset</a> system for employees to hear the customer's order (when a speaker is used)</li> <li>A trigger pad beneath the concrete to activate the microphone and headset</li> <li>Monitoring of the driveway and window through a <a href="/wiki/CCTV" class="mw-redirect" title="CCTV">CCTV</a> system to monitor traffic flow and any criminal action that may occur at the window such as an <a href="/wiki/Armed_robbery" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed robbery">armed robbery</a></li> <li>One or more free-standing signs listing the menu items, called a <i>menu board</i></li> <li>Newer drive-throughs feature a <a href="/wiki/Liquid_crystal_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid crystal display">LCD</a> or <a href="/wiki/Light-emitting_diode" title="Light-emitting diode">LED</a> display within the speaker system in order to show the full order and total cost to avert order errors through miscommunication; the entire menu board may also be a display, freeing employees of the responsibility of switching out promotions, adding or removing items, and making pricing changes. At many restaurants, a secondary display featuring the total is placed directly next to the order window to provide the amount to customers, usually paying with cash.</li> <li>Windows where employees interact with customers by processing the customer's payment and giving them their order. Most drive-throughs have either one window serving both functions or two windows, with the first being used for payment and the second used for retrieving the order, depending on overall restaurant traffic.</li> <li>Most restaurants have marked parking spaces just beyond the last window. If there is a significant delay in an individual customer's order (e.g. a special order) or congested line traffic, an employee may direct that customer to park in this area, clearing the drive-through lane for the next customer and preventing knock-on delays to other customers. When the order is ready, an employee hand-delivers the order to the customer. This service therefore occasionally has some similarities to <a href="/wiki/Drive-in" title="Drive-in">drive-in</a> service, but only during peak periods.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Espressodrivethru.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Espressodrivethru.jpg/220px-Espressodrivethru.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Espressodrivethru.jpg/330px-Espressodrivethru.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Espressodrivethru.jpg/440px-Espressodrivethru.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Some businesses are built only for drive-through service, like this <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a> shop.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TimHortonsMoncton.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/TimHortonsMoncton.JPG/220px-TimHortonsMoncton.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/TimHortonsMoncton.JPG/330px-TimHortonsMoncton.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/TimHortonsMoncton.JPG/440px-TimHortonsMoncton.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2094" data-file-height="1338" /></a><figcaption>A drive-through only <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hortons" title="Tim Hortons">Tim Hortons</a> location in <a href="/wiki/Moncton" title="Moncton">Moncton</a>, New Brunswick, Canada</figcaption></figure> <p>Drive-through designs differ from restaurant to restaurant; however, most drive-throughs can accommodate a <a href="/wiki/Queue_area" title="Queue area">queue</a> of four to six passenger cars or trucks simultaneously. Most drive-through lanes are designed so the service windows and speaker are on the driver's side of the car, for example, in <a href="/wiki/Left-hand_traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-hand traffic">left-hand traffic</a> (right-hand drive) countries such as the UK, Ireland, Australia, India and New Zealand, the windows will be on the right side of the drive-through lane, and vice versa in right-hand traffic (left-hand drive) countries such as North America and mainland Europe. There are a few drive-through lanes designed with service windows on the passenger side, but these lanes are few and usually confined to ordinance compliance situations, as they cannot be used easily by driver-only vehicles. </p><p>Coffee is often sold through drive-through only coffee shops.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_time">Service time</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Service time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to QSR's 2024 annual survey, <a href="/wiki/Taco_Bell" title="Taco Bell">Taco Bell</a> was the fastest fast-food chain in the United States regarding drive-thru service time, with an average wait of 194.16 seconds. This was significantly faster than the overall average of 244.86 seconds. Other chains with relatively fast service times included KFC (206.41 seconds) and McDonald's (271.81 seconds). <a href="/wiki/Chick-fil-A" title="Chick-fil-A">Chick-fil-A</a>, known for its long lines, had an average service time of 298.27 seconds, but also had an additional wait time of 181.15 seconds, resulting in a total customer wait of approximately 479.42 seconds (8 minutes).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1921, <a href="/wiki/Kirby%27s_Pig_Stand" title="Kirby's Pig Stand">Kirby's Pig Stand</a> introduced the drive-in restaurant, in which <a href="/wiki/Carhop" title="Carhop">carhops</a> delivered meals. In 1931, a California Pig Stand franchise introduced a drive-through service that bypassed the carhops. The first identified drive-through restaurant was established in 1947 at <a href="/wiki/Red%27s_Giant_Hamburg" title="Red's Giant Hamburg">Red's Giant Hamburg</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield, Missouri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year later in 1948, Harry and Esther Snyder of the <a href="/wiki/In-N-Out_Burger" title="In-N-Out Burger">In-N-Out Burger</a> chain built a drive-through restaurant, featuring a two-way speaker system that Harry Snyder invented himself earlier that year. By the 1970s, drive-through service had replaced drive-in restaurants in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> drive-through was created in 1975 in <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Vista,_Arizona" title="Sierra Vista, Arizona">Sierra Vista, Arizona</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Fort_Huachuca" title="Fort Huachuca">Fort Huachuca</a>, a military installation, to serve military members who were not permitted to get out of their cars off-post while wearing <a href="/wiki/Combat_uniform" title="Combat uniform">fatigues</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original McDonald's was closed down and demolished in 1999 and a new McDonald's replaced it.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1987, Bob Charles pioneered the concept of the double vehicle drive-through. Charles, a McDonald's franchisee based in Boulder, Colorado, was the first to design and implement this innovation, which resulted in significantly increased per-unit volume. </p><p>In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Max_Hamburgers" title="Max Hamburgers">Max Hamburgers</a> opened Northern Europe's first drive-in in <a href="/wiki/Pite%C3%A5" title="Piteå">Piteå</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another early drive-through restaurant in Europe, a McDonald's drive-through, opened at the <a href="/wiki/Nutgrove_Shopping_Centre" title="Nutgrove Shopping Centre">Nutgrove Shopping Centre</a> in Dublin, Ireland, in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the US, drive-throughs account for 70 percent of McDonald's business and the average drive-through order is fulfilled in under three and one half minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside of the US, McDonald's drive-throughs are variously known as "McAuto", "McDrive" and "AutoMac".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2010, the Casa Linda, Texas, franchise of McDonald's opened a drive-through/walk-up-only store with no indoor seating although it has a small patio with tables.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drive-through_banking">Drive-through banking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Drive-through banking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BNB_Drive-through.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BNB_Drive-through.jpg/220px-BNB_Drive-through.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BNB_Drive-through.jpg/330px-BNB_Drive-through.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/BNB_Drive-through.jpg/440px-BNB_Drive-through.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>A drive-through for <a href="/wiki/Banco_Nacional_de_Bolivia" title="Banco Nacional de Bolivia">BNB</a> in <a href="/wiki/La_Paz" title="La Paz">La Paz</a>, Bolivia, an example of drive-through banking</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg/220px-Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg/330px-Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg/440px-Starbucks_and_Bank_of_America_Drive_Through.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1329" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>A drive-through shared by a bank and a coffee shop</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1928, City Center Bank, which became <a href="/wiki/UMB_Financial_Corporation" title="UMB Financial Corporation">UMB Financial Corporation</a>, president <a href="/wiki/R._Crosby_Kemper" class="mw-redirect" title="R. Crosby Kemper">R. Crosby Kemper</a> opened what is considered the first drive-up window.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Shortly after the Grand National Bank in St Louis opened up a drive-through, including a slot to the side for night time deposits.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bank" title="Westminster Bank">Westminster Bank</a> opened the UK's first drive-through bank in Liverpool in 1959, soon followed by <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Bank" title="Ulster Bank">Ulster Bank</a> opening Ireland's first in 1961 at Finaghy.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years, there has been a decline in drive-through banking due to increased traffic congestion and the increased availability of <a href="/wiki/Automated_teller_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated teller machines">automated teller machines</a> and telephone and internet banking.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Many bank buildings now feature drive-through ATMs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drive-through_stores">Drive-through stores</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Drive-through stores"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grocery_shopping">Grocery shopping</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Grocery shopping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Harold Willis and his father, Robert Willis, first incorporated a dairy and eggs drive-through service in Redlands, California, in the early 1940s, supplying milk and eggs quickly and efficiently to driving customers; this utilized a dairy conveyor belt that Harold Willis had invented.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some supermarkets offer drive-through facilities for <a href="/wiki/Grocery_shopping" class="mw-redirect" title="Grocery shopping">grocery shopping</a>. In the UK, this service was first announced by <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a> in August 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, Crafty's Drive-Buy Grocery Store in Virginia started offering the service. In 2012, the Dutch chain <a href="/wiki/Albert_Heijn" title="Albert Heijn">Albert Heijn</a> introduced a "Pick Up Point" where one can collect groceries bought online.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dairy products were available at a drive-through dairy store (notably the <a href="/wiki/Skinner_Dairy" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinner Dairy">Skinner Dairy</a> shops of North-East Florida or <a href="/wiki/Dairy_Barn" title="Dairy Barn">Dairy Barn</a> in <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liquor_stores">Liquor stores</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Liquor stores"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alcoholic beverages have been sold at a drive-through <a href="/wiki/Liquor" title="Liquor">liquor</a> store (called a "Beer Through", a "Cruise Through", a "Brew Thru" in the U.S. eastern Mid-Atlantic coast,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pony_keg" class="extiw" title="wikt:pony keg">Pony Keg</a>" or "Party Barn" in certain areas; generally illegal in the Northeast and West) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drive-through_medical_testing">Drive-through medical testing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Drive-through medical testing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, drive-through testing became a common approach around the world for testing people who were potentially infected with the virus.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, drive-through testing facilities were set up in many countries to test whether passengers were infected with <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> (the first being in South Korea).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This approached allowed medical workers to process high volumes of tests quickly while reducing exposure and risk of infection between those being tested by keeping patients isolated in their vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The process typically saw patients present their ID before being swabbed while remaining in their vehicles, before driving off once the test was complete. Their results were then typically shared with them either via text message or via their doctor.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emissions_and_traffic">Emissions and traffic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Emissions and traffic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emissions">Emissions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Emissions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In recent years, drive-through restaurants and other drive-through facilities have faced increased scrutiny due to the higher levels of emissions that they create – compared to walk-in equivalents.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2018 study by QSR Magazine found that the average waiting time at a McDonald's drive-through restaurant in the US took 3 minutes and 15 seconds, with an average of 3.8 cars waiting at any one time.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This figure rose to an average of 4 minutes 25 seconds in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If the average motorist avoided idling for just 3 minutes every day of the year, CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> emissions would be reduced by 1.4 million tonnes annually, or the equivalent of taking 320,000 cars off the road.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to emerging evidence of the role that drive-throughs play in contributing to <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, Minneapolis banned the construction of new drive-throughs in 2019, while a number of other US cities, including Creve Coeur, MO; Fair Haven, NJ; Long Beach, CA; and Orchard Park, NY, have enacted ordinances to restrict or prohibit fast-food drive-through restaurants.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outside the US, a total of 27 municipalities have banned drive-through restaurants on the grounds of environmental and health concerns from engine idling.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traffic">Traffic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Traffic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Long drive-through lines in the United States have been reported to cause traffic backups, blocking emergency vehicles and city buses and increasing the risk of collisions and pedestrian injuries. The popularity of <a href="/wiki/Chick-fil-A" title="Chick-fil-A">Chick-fil-A</a>'s drive-throughs in particular has led to traffic problems, police interventions, and complaints by neighboring businesses in more than 20 states.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_examples">Other examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Other examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg/170px-20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg/255px-20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg/340px-20070509_Rock_26_Roll_McDonalds_from_7th_fl_of_Sports_Authority.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> first two-lane drive-through was at the <a href="/wiki/Rock_N_Roll_McDonald%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock N Roll McDonald's">Rock N Roll McDonald's</a> in Chicago.</figcaption></figure><p>Some other examples of drive-through businesses include: </p><ul><li>Postal services at a drive-through mailbox<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Prescriptions at a drive-through pharmacy<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Marriage (primarily at special drive-through marriage chapels in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley" title="Las Vegas Valley">Las Vegas</a> in the United States)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_home" title="Funeral home">Funeral home</a> where mourners can drive by, view and make offerings to the remains of their loved ones through windows.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_House_of_Representatives" title="Pennsylvania House of Representatives">Pennsylvania State Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_P._Murphy" title="Kevin P. Murphy">Kevin P. Murphy</a> installed a drive-through window designed to speed constituent service.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Photo processing">Photo processing</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fotomat" title="Fotomat">Fotomat</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_lights" title="Christmas lights">Christmas lights</a> displays<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-car_customers">Non-car customers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Non-car customers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pedestrians sometimes attempt to walk through the drive-through to order food. Many establishments refuse drive-through service to pedestrians for safety, insurance, and liability reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cyclists are also usually refused service with the same justification given.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the summer of 2009, <a href="/wiki/Burgerville" title="Burgerville">Burgerville</a> gave use of the drive-through window to bicyclists.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Walk-up_windows">Walk-up windows</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Walk-up windows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg/220px-McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg/330px-McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg/440px-McDonald%27s_Walk-Up_Window.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>McDonald's walk-up window (left) at a location in New York City</figcaption></figure> <p>Some companies provide a walk-up window instead when a drive-through may not be practical. However, the walk-up windows should not be confused with small establishments that customers are lined up for services such as <a href="/wiki/Mobile_kitchen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile kitchen">mobile kitchens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiosk" title="Kiosk">kiosks</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Concession_stand" title="Concession stand">concession stands</a>. These walk-up windows are value-added services on top of the full services provided inside the stores.<sup id="cite_ref-boston_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boston-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> an increasing number of restaurants, including bakeries and pizzerias, have introduced sliding windows that are licensed by the local municipality for customer transactions.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An example is when McDonald's entered a new market in Russia where the majority of families did not own cars, the owners developed the walk-up windows as an alternative.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some establishments may want to use walk-up windows to attract certain customer demographics such as younger customers who need quick service during late night.<sup id="cite_ref-boston_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boston-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another reason is to offer extended service hours and maintain a safe environment for employees, such as a bulletproof walk-up window in high-crime areas.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Horse">Horse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Horse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similar issues can arise in rural areas for people on horseback or in a horse-drawn carriage.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 20 July 2013, a woman was fined for taking her horse inside a McDonald's restaurant in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a>, United Kingdom, after being refused service at the drive-through. The horse ended up defecating inside the restaurant which caused distress to other customers.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visually_impaired">Visually impaired</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Visually impaired"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2016, <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s_legal_cases#Discrimination" title="McDonald's legal cases">Scott Magee</a> filed a United States federal <a href="/wiki/Class_action" title="Class action">class action</a> lawsuit pursuing action against McDonald's due to the company being unwilling to serve people who are <a href="/wiki/Visually_impaired" class="mw-redirect" title="Visually impaired">visually impaired</a>, when only the drive-through lane is open.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 May 2018 a law came into effect in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, requiring multi-modal access to drive-throughs.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new zoning law states, "When a drive-through facility is open and other pedestrian-oriented customer entrances to the business are unavailable or locked, the drive-through facility must serve customers using modes other than a vehicle such as pedestrians and bicyclists."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After one year, the Portland law was working well.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Willamette Week tested five locations, and in all cases customers without cars received satisfactory service: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Mode of Transportation</th> <th>Restaurant</th> <th>Address</th> <th>Service </th></tr> <tr> <td>Scooter</td> <td>Super Deluxe</td> <td>5900 SE Powell Bvld.</td> <td>Satisfactory </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bicycle</td> <td>McDonald's</td> <td>1520 NE Grand Ave.</td> <td>Satisfactory </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bicycle</td> <td>Burgerville</td> <td>3432 SE 25th Ave.</td> <td>Satisfactory </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pedestrian</td> <td>Wendy's</td> <td>1421 NE Grand Ave.</td> <td>Satisfactory </td></tr> <tr> <td>Several</td> <td>Taco Bell</td> <td>725 NE Weilder St.</td> <td>Satisfactory </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ski-through">Ski-through</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ski-through"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>McDonald's first opened a ski-through called <i>McSki</i> in the ski resort of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lindvallen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lindvallen (page does not exist)">Lindvallen</a>, Sweden, in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B-Bop%27s" title="B-Bop's">B-Bop's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drive-in" title="Drive-in">Drive-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_food_packaging" title="Disposable food packaging">Disposable food packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_the_car_on_societies" class="mw-redirect" title="Effects of the car on societies">Effects of the car on societies</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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I.; Campbell, E. J.; MacRidis, S.; McKennitt, D.; Atkey, K.; Raine, K. D. (January 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5769538">"Adoption and diffusion of zoning bylaws banning fast food drive-through services across Canadian municipalities"</a>. <i>BMC Public Health</i>. <b>18</b> (1). National Institutes of Health: 137. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12889-018-5061-1">10.1186/s12889-018-5061-1</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5769538">5769538</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29334935">29334935</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMC+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Adoption+and+diffusion+of+zoning+bylaws+banning+fast+food+drive-through+services+across+Canadian+municipalities&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=137&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5769538%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29334935&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs12889-018-5061-1&rft.aulast=Nykiforuk&rft.aufirst=C.+I.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=MacRidis%2C+S.&rft.au=McKennitt%2C+D.&rft.au=Atkey%2C+K.&rft.au=Raine%2C+K.+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5769538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibson2022" class="citation news cs1">Gibson, Kate (March 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/chick-fil-a-santa-barbara-california-city-public-nuisance-traffic/">"California city may declare Chick-fil-A a "public nuisance"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>CBS News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=California+city+may+declare+Chick-fil-A+a+%22public+nuisance%22&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fchick-fil-a-santa-barbara-california-city-public-nuisance-traffic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimes_Staff2022" class="citation news cs1">Times Staff (March 15, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-03-15/chick-fil-a-drive-through-backlash-isnt-a-first-in-california">"Chick-fil-A isn't the first to get backlash over a drive-through. It's a California tradition"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Chick-fil-A+isn%27t+the+first+to+get+backlash+over+a+drive-through.+It%27s+a+California+tradition&rft.date=2022-03-15&rft.au=Times+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fcalifornia%2Fstory%2F2022-03-15%2Fchick-fil-a-drive-through-backlash-isnt-a-first-in-california&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2022" class="citation news cs1">Russell, Stefene (March 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sltrib.com/artsliving/food/2022/03/17/here-are-worst-drive/">"Here are the worst drive-thrus in Utah, according to you"</a>. <i>The Salt Lake Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Salt+Lake+Tribune&rft.atitle=Here+are+the+worst+drive-thrus+in+Utah%2C+according+to+you&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Stefene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sltrib.com%2Fartsliving%2Ffood%2F2022%2F03%2F17%2Fhere-are-worst-drive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendin1973" class="citation book cs1">Hendin, David (1973). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/deathasfactoflif00hend/page/221"><i>Death as a Fact of Life</i></a></span>. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/deathasfactoflif00hend/page/221">221</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-08540-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-08540-6"><bdi>0-393-08540-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Death+as+a+Fact+of+Life&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company%2C+Inc&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=0-393-08540-6&rft.aulast=Hendin&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdeathasfactoflif00hend%2Fpage%2F221&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2017/12/16/national/nagano-drive-thru-funeral-home-serve-mourners-limited-mobility/">"Nagano drive-thru funeral home to serve mourners with limited mobility"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kyodo_News_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyodo News Agency">Kyodo News Agency</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Japan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Times">Japan Times</a>. December 16, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Nagano+drive-thru+funeral+home+to+serve+mourners+with+limited+mobility&rft.date=2017-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2017%2F12%2F16%2Fnational%2Fnagano-drive-thru-funeral-home-serve-mourners-limited-mobility%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090505204211/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09108/963900-100.stm">"Want fries with that legislative help?"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post Gazette</i>. PG Publishing Co. Associated Press. April 18, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/09108/963900-100.stm">the original</a> on May 5, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post+Gazette&rft.atitle=Want+fries+with+that+legislative+help%3F&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.post-gazette.com%2Fpg%2F09108%2F963900-100.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cntraveler.com/story/drive-through-christmas-lights">21 Drive-Through Christmas Lights Displays That Are Worth a Road Trip</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <i>Chude v. Jack in the Box</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.ceb.com/CalCases/CA4/185CA4t37.htm">185 Cal. App. 4th 37</a> (2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060709220520/http://blog.lib.umn.edu/carl1236/dailyspirit/039313.html">"The Daily Spirit-Human: Burger King Drive-Through Refused to Serve me on a bicycle"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/carl1236/dailyspirit/039313.html">the original</a> on July 9, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Daily+Spirit-Human%3A+Burger+King+Drive-Through+Refused+to+Serve+me+on+a+bicycle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.lib.umn.edu%2Fcarl1236%2Fdailyspirit%2F039313.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRose,_Joseph2009" class="citation web cs1">Rose, Joseph (August 13, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oregonlive.com/commuting/2009/08/burgerville_to_biking_mom_no_b.html">"Burgerville to biking mom: No burgers for you!"</a>. Oregon Live<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burgerville+to+biking+mom%3A+No+burgers+for+you%21&rft.pub=Oregon+Live&rft.date=2009-08-13&rft.au=Rose%2C+Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.oregonlive.com%2Fcommuting%2F2009%2F08%2Fburgerville_to_biking_mom_no_b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boston-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-boston_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-boston_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuna2013" class="citation news cs1">Luna, Taryn (December 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2013/12/19/central-square-mcdonald-you-soon-able-order-that-big-mac-from-sidewalk/JlvoLPOYg2qtyAwRHdY2DL/story.html">"McDonald's walk-up window to offer 24-hour service"</a>. <i>Boston Globe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=McDonald%27s+walk-up+window+to+offer+24-hour+service&rft.date=2013-12-19&rft.aulast=Luna&rft.aufirst=Taryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fbusiness%2F2013%2F12%2F19%2Fcentral-square-mcdonald-you-soon-able-order-that-big-mac-from-sidewalk%2FJlvoLPOYg2qtyAwRHdY2DL%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quikserv.com/walk-up-restaurant-popularity/">"Walk-Up Window Restaurants are on the Rise!"</a>. quickserv.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Walk-Up+Window+Restaurants+are+on+the+Rise%21&rft.pub=quickserv.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.quikserv.com%2Fwalk-up-restaurant-popularity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_A._HittR._Duane_IrelandRobert_E._Hoskisson2013" class="citation book cs1">Michael A. Hitt; R. Duane Ireland; Robert E. Hoskisson (2013). <i>Strategic management: competitiveness & globalization</i> (10th ed.). South-Western Cengage Learning. pp. 212–213. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781133495239" title="Special:BookSources/9781133495239"><bdi>9781133495239</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strategic+management%3A+competitiveness+%26+globalization.&rft.pages=212-213&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=South-Western+Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781133495239&rft.au=Michael+A.+Hitt&rft.au=R.+Duane+Ireland&rft.au=Robert+E.+Hoskisson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150921083750/http://www.abcboard.state.al.us/news_detail.aspx?ID=8476">"ABC Board Shutters Calera Package Store "Drive-Through"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Alabama Alcoholic Beverage Control Board (Press Release)</i>. February 14, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abcboard.state.al.us/news_detail.aspx?ID=8476">the original</a> on September 21, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Alabama+Alcoholic+Beverage+Control+Board+%28Press+Release%29&rft.atitle=ABC+Board+Shutters+Calera+Package+Store+%22Drive-Through%22&rft.date=2014-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abcboard.state.al.us%2Fnews_detail.aspx%3FID%3D8476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-13548984">"McDonald's turns away horse carriage at drive-through"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. May 25, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=McDonald%27s+turns+away+horse+carriage+at+drive-through&rft.date=2011-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-derbyshire-13548984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-23403935">"Horse in McDonald's: Rider fined after 'drive-thru' refusal"</a>. BBC News. July 22, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 16,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blind+man+sues+McDonald%27s+for+refusing+drive-thru+service&rft.pub=usatoday.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2Fnation-now%2F2016%2F06%2F01%2Fblind-man-sues-mcdonalds-service-drive-thru-window%2F85240334%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElise_Herron2018" class="citation news cs1">Elise Herron (May 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wweek.com/news/2018/05/30/it-is-now-a-violation-of-city-code-for-drive-thru-windows-to-refuse-to-serve-people-who-pedal-or-walk-to-the-window/">"It Is Now a Violation of Portland City Code For Drive-Thru Windows to Refuse to Serve People Who Pedal or Walk to the Window"</a>. Willamette Week<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=It+Is+Now+a+Violation+of+Portland+City+Code+For+Drive-Thru+Windows+to+Refuse+to+Serve+People+Who+Pedal+or+Walk+to+the+Window&rft.date=2018-05-30&rft.au=Elise+Herron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wweek.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F05%2F30%2Fit-is-now-a-violation-of-city-code-for-drive-thru-windows-to-refuse-to-serve-people-who-pedal-or-walk-to-the-window%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bps/title33_complete_print.pdf">"Portland Zoning Code 33.224 Drive-Through Facilities Multi-Modal Access"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Bureau of Planning, City of Portland, Oregon. August 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portland+Zoning+Code+33.224+Drive-Through+Facilities+Multi-Modal+Access&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Planning%2C+City+of+Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.date=2018-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.portlandoregon.gov%2Fbps%2Ftitle33_complete_print.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannah_ChinnRyan_NguyenAbbey_McDonald2023" class="citation news cs1">Hannah Chinn; Ryan Nguyen; Abbey McDonald (July 23, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wweek.com/news/city/2019/07/23/portlands-fast-food-drive-thrus-have-been-transformed-into-bike-lanes/">"Portland's Fast-Food Drive-Thrus Have Been Transformed Into Bike Lanes—We tested the new rules by riding scooters to the Taco Bell window"</a>. <i>Willamette Week</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Willamette+Week&rft.atitle=Portland%27s+Fast-Food+Drive-Thrus+Have+Been+Transformed+Into+Bike+Lanes%E2%80%94We+tested+the+new+rules+by+riding+scooters+to+the+Taco+Bell+window&rft.date=2023-07-23&rft.au=Hannah+Chinn&rft.au=Ryan+Nguyen&rft.au=Abbey+McDonald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wweek.com%2Fnews%2Fcity%2F2019%2F07%2F23%2Fportlands-fast-food-drive-thrus-have-been-transformed-into-bike-lanes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194345/http://www.news.com.au/finance/business/the-14-craziest-mcdonalds-around-the-world/story-fnkgdftz-1227032149605">"The 14 craziest McDonald's around the world"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/finance/business/the-14-craziest-mcdonalds-around-the-world/story-fnkgdftz-1227032149605">the original</a> on October 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+14+craziest+McDonald%27s+around+the+world&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com.au%2Ffinance%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-14-craziest-mcdonalds-around-the-world%2Fstory-fnkgdftz-1227032149605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrive-through" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drive-through&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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