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nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American judge (born 1975)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Toby J. Heytens</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg/220px-TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg/330px-TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg/440px-TJH_Professional_Photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3974" data-file-height="5563" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Judge Heytens in 2022</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />November 2, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Joe_Biden" title="List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Milano_Keenan" title="Barbara Milano Keenan">Barbara Milano Keenan</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Solicitor General of Virginia</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 9, 2018 – August 6, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Attorney General</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Herring" title="Mark Herring">Mark Herring</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Trevor S. Cox</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Michelle Kallen</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Toby Jay Heytens</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1975-12-24</span>) </span>December 24, 1975<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 48)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Duluth,_Minnesota" title="Duluth, Minnesota">Duluth, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Macalester_College" title="Macalester College">Macalester College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Toby Jay Heytens</b> (born December 24, 1975) is an American attorney and law professor who is a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">United States circuit judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a>. He served as the <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Solicitor General">solicitor general</a> of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> from 2018 to 2021. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heytens graduated from <a href="/wiki/Macalester_College" title="Macalester College">Macalester College</a> in 1997 with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a>. He then attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a>, where he was an articles development editor for the <i><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Law_Review" title="Virginia Law Review">Virginia Law Review</a></i>. He graduated in 2000 with a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> and membership in <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Coif" title="Order of the Coif">Order of the Coif</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WHBio_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHBio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduating from law school, Heytens was a <a href="/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk">law clerk</a> for chief judge <a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Becker" title="Edward R. Becker">Edward R. Becker</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> from 2000 to 2001. He was a Bristow Fellow in the Office of the <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States">Solicitor General of the United States</a> from 2001 to 2002. From 2002 to 2003, he served as a law clerk for Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a>. From 2003 to 2006, Heytens worked in the Supreme Court and appellate practice group at <a href="/wiki/O%27Melveny_%26_Myers" title="O'Melveny & Myers">O'Melveny & Myers</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> From 2007 to 2010, he served as an assistant to the solicitor general at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WHBio_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHBio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Heytens has served as a <a href="/wiki/Law_professor" class="mw-redirect" title="Law professor">law professor</a>, first as a visiting assistant professor at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_Law_School" title="Cornell Law School">Cornell Law School</a> in 2005, and then at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a> as an associate professor of law from 2006 to 2007 and again from 2010 to 2014, and as a professor of law from 2014 to 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-WHBio_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHBio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-“FJC”_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“FJC”-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solicitor_general_of_Virginia">Solicitor general of Virginia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Solicitor general of Virginia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 9, 2018, Heytens was named Solicitor General of Virginia.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served under <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Attorney_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Attorney General">Virginia Attorney General</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Herring" title="Mark Herring">Mark Herring</a>, who was reelected in 2017. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_judicial_service">Federal judicial service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Federal judicial service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2021, Heytens was named as a possible nominee for the upcoming vacancy on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 30, 2021, President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> announced his intent to nominate Heytens to serve as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">United States circuit judge</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">Fourth Circuit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WHBio_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHBio-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 13, 2021, his nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Heytens to the seat being vacated by Judge <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Milano_Keenan" title="Barbara Milano Keenan">Barbara Milano Keenan</a>, who subsequently assumed <a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">senior status</a> on August 31, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 28, 2021, a hearing on his nomination was held before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Senate Judiciary Committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 23, 2021, his nomination was favorably reported by the committee by a 14–8 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 25, 2021, Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> filed <a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">cloture</a> on his nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 28, 2021, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> invoked cloture on his nomination by a 51–31 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 1, 2021, his nomination was confirmed by a 53–43 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received his judicial commission on November 2, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-“FJC”_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“FJC”-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sworn into office on November 4, 2021, by Chief Judge <a href="/wiki/Roger_Gregory" title="Roger Gregory">Roger Gregory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_6)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 6)">List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 6)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Heytens%20SJQ%20Public%20Final.pdf">United States Committee on the Judiciary Questionnaire for Judicial Nominees</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WHBio-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WHBio_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WHBio_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WHBio_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WHBio_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/06/30/president-biden-names-fifth-round-of-judicial-nominees/">"President Biden Names Fifth Round of Judicial Nominees", White House, June 30, 2021</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-“FJC”-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-“FJC”_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-“FJC”_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/10959846">Toby J. Heytens</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://valawyersweekly.com/2018/01/09/heytens-named-as-solicitor-general/">"Heytens named as solicitor general"</a>. <i>Virginia Lawyers Weekly</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Senate&rft.atitle=On+the+Nomination+%28Confirmation%3A+Toby+J.+Heytens%2C+of+Virginia%2C+to+be+United+States+Circuit+Judge+for+the+Fourth+Circuit%29&rft.date=2021-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Flegislative%2FLIS%2Froll_call_lists%2Froll_call_vote_cfm.cfm%3Fcongress%3D117%26session%3D1%26vote%3D00450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToby+J.+Heytens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson2021" class="citation web cs1">Nelson, Shelley (November 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.superiortelegram.com/news/government-and-politics/7268324-U.S.-Senate-confirms-Superior-native-to-federal-bench">"U.S. Senate confirms Superior native to federal bench"</a>. <i>Superior Telegram</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Superior+Telegram&rft.atitle=U.S.+Senate+confirms+Superior+native+to+federal+bench&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Shelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.superiortelegram.com%2Fnews%2Fgovernment-and-politics%2F7268324-U.S.-Senate-confirms-Superior-native-to-federal-bench&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AToby+J.+Heytens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toby_J._Heytens&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/10959846">Toby J. Heytens</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/advocates/toby_j_heytens">Appearances at the U.S. Supreme Court</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Oyez_Project" title="Oyez Project">Oyez Project</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Milano_Keenan" title="Barbara Milano Keenan">Barbara Milano Keenan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit</a></span> </b><br />2021–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Judges_of_the_United_States_courts_of_appeals" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_courts_of_appeals_judges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States courts of appeals judges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Judges_of_the_United_States_courts_of_appeals" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_courts_of_appeals" title="United States courts of appeals">United States courts of appeals</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_circuit_judges" title="List of current United States circuit judges">Full list</a> · Names in <b>bold</b> represent current <a href="/wiki/Chief_judge_(United_States)" title="Chief judge (United States)">chief judges</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">1st Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/David_J._Barron" title="David J. Barron">Barron</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Gelp%C3%AD" title="Gustavo Gelpí">Gelpí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lara_Montecalvo" title="Lara Montecalvo">Montecalvo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Rikelman" title="Julie Rikelman">Rikelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Aframe" title="Seth Aframe">Aframe</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Levin_H._Campbell" title="Levin H. Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Selya" title="Bruce M. Selya">Selya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Lynch" title="Sandra Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermit_Lipez" title="Kermit Lipez">Lipez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_R._Howard" title="Jeffrey R. Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._Rogeriee_Thompson" title="O. Rogeriee Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Kayatta_Jr." title="William J. Kayatta Jr.">Kayatta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">2nd Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Debra_Ann_Livingston" title="Debra Ann Livingston">Livingston</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Lohier" title="Raymond Lohier">Lohier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Sullivan" title="Richard J. Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Bianco" title="Joseph F. Bianco">Bianco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_H._Park" title="Michael H. Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Nardini" title="William J. Nardini">Nardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Menashi" title="Steven Menashi">Menashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_C._Lee" title="Eunice C. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Robinson" title="Beth Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_P%C3%A9rez" title="Myrna Pérez">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alison_Nathan" title="Alison Nathan">Nathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_A._L._Merriam" title="Sarah A. L. Merriam">Merriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Ara%C3%BAjo_Kahn" title="Maria Araújo Kahn">Kahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_O._Newman" title="Jon O. Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amalya_Lyle_Kearse" class="mw-redirect" title="Amalya Lyle Kearse">Kearse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Walker_Jr." title="John M. Walker Jr.">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Jacobs" title="Dennis Jacobs">Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_N._Leval" title="Pierre N. Leval">Leval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Calabresi" title="Guido Calabresi">Calabresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_A._Cabranes" title="José A. Cabranes">Cabranes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Sack" title="Robert D. Sack">Sack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrington_D._Parker_Jr." title="Barrington D. Parker Jr.">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reena_Raggi" title="Reena Raggi">Raggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Wesley" title="Richard C. Wesley">Wesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_E._Lynch" title="Gerard E. Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denny_Chin" title="Denny Chin">Chin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_L._Carney" title="Susan L. Carney">Carney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">3rd Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chagares" title="Michael Chagares">Chagares</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_A._Jordan" title="Kent A. Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardiman" title="Thomas Hardiman">Hardiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Shwartz" title="Patty Shwartz">Shwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Ann_Krause" title="Cheryl Ann Krause">Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Felipe_Restrepo" title="L. Felipe Restrepo">Restrepo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanos_Bibas" title="Stephanos Bibas">Bibas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Porter_(judge)" title="David J. Porter (judge)">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Matey" title="Paul Matey">Matey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Phipps" title="Peter J. Phipps">Phipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianna_J._Freeman" title="Arianna J. Freeman">Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamika_Montgomery-Reeves" title="Tamika Montgomery-Reeves">Montgomery-Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_K._Chung" title="Cindy K. Chung">Chung</a></li> <li><i>1 seat vacant</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_King_Stapleton" title="Walter King Stapleton">Stapleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Scirica" title="Anthony Joseph Scirica">Scirica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Cowen" title="Robert Cowen">Cowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lowell_Nygaard" title="Richard Lowell Nygaard">Nygaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Richards_Roth" title="Jane Richards Roth">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_McKee" title="Theodore McKee">McKee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Rendell" title="Marjorie Rendell">Rendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_L._Ambro" title="Thomas L. Ambro">Ambro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_M._Fuentes" title="Julio M. Fuentes">Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Brooks_Smith" title="D. Brooks Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Michael_Fisher" title="D. Michael Fisher">Fisher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fourth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit">4th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Albert_Diaz_(judge)" title="Albert Diaz (judge)">Diaz</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Harvie_Wilkinson_III" title="J. Harvie Wilkinson III">Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._Niemeyer" title="Paul V. Niemeyer">Niemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bruce_King" title="Robert Bruce King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Gregory" title="Roger Gregory">Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Steven_Agee" title="G. Steven Agee">Agee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Andrew_Wynn" title="James Andrew Wynn">Wynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Thacker" title="Stephanie Thacker">Thacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_Harris_(judge)" title="Pamela Harris (judge)">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_N._Richardson" title="Julius N. Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Marvin_Quattlebaum_Jr." title="A. Marvin Quattlebaum Jr.">Quattlebaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Jones_Rushing" title="Allison Jones Rushing">Rushing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Heytens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeAndrea_G._Benjamin" title="DeAndrea G. Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Berner" title="Nicole Berner">Berner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Gribbon_Motz" title="Diana Gribbon Motz">Motz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Byrd_Traxler_Jr." title="William Byrd Traxler Jr.">Traxler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Milano_Keenan" title="Barbara Milano Keenan">Keenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_F._Floyd" title="Henry F. Floyd">Floyd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">5th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Walker_Elrod" title="Jennifer Walker Elrod">Elrod</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Jones" title="Edith Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Edwin_Smith" title="Jerry Edwin Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Stewart" title="Carl E. Stewart">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Richman" title="Priscilla Richman">Richman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_H._Southwick" title="Leslie H. Southwick">Southwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catharina_Haynes" title="Catharina Haynes">Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Graves_Jr." title="James E. Graves Jr.">Graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Higginson" title="Stephen A. Higginson">Higginson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Willett" title="Don Willett">Willett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_C._Ho" title="James C. Ho">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Duncan_(judge)" title="Kyle Duncan (judge)">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_D._Engelhardt" title="Kurt D. Engelhardt">Engelhardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Oldham" title="Andrew Oldham">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_T._Wilson" title="Cory T. Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Douglas" title="Dana Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irma_Carrillo_Ramirez" title="Irma Carrillo Ramirez">Ramirez</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Dineen_King" title="Carolyn Dineen King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Grady_Jolly" title="E. Grady Jolly">Jolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Higginbotham" title="Patrick Higginbotham">Higginbotham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Eugene_Davis" title="W. Eugene Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Duh%C3%A9_Jr." title="John M. Duhé Jr.">Duhé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_L._Wiener_Jr." title="Jacques L. Wiener Jr.">Wiener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhesa_Barksdale" title="Rhesa Barksdale">Barksdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Dennis" title="James L. Dennis">Dennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Brown_Clement" title="Edith Brown Clement">Clement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Sixth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit">6th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Sutton" title="Jeffrey Sutton">Sutton</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Nelson_Moore" title="Karen Nelson Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_L._Clay" title="Eric L. Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Allen_Griffin" title="Richard Allen Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Kethledge" title="Raymond Kethledge">Kethledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Branstetter_Stranch" title="Jane Branstetter Stranch">Stranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amul_Thapar" title="Amul Thapar">Thapar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_K._Bush" title="John K. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Larsen" title="Joan Larsen">Larsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nalbandian" title="John Nalbandian">Nalbandian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Readler" title="Chad Readler">Readler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_E._Murphy" title="Eric E. Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_D._Davis" title="Stephanie D. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Mathis" title="Andre Mathis">Mathis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bloomekatz" title="Rachel Bloomekatz">Bloomekatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_G._Ritz" title="Kevin G. Ritz">Ritz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_B._Guy_Jr." title="Ralph B. Guy Jr.">Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Ryan" title="James L. Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Julian_Boggs" title="Danny Julian Boggs">Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Eugene_Norris" title="Alan Eugene Norris">Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Fred_Suhrheinrich" title="Richard Fred Suhrheinrich">Suhrheinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Edward_Siler_Jr." title="Eugene Edward Siler Jr.">Siler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_M._Batchelder" title="Alice M. Batchelder">Batchelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Craig_Daughtrey" title="Martha Craig Daughtrey">Daughtrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Guy_Cole_Jr." title="R. Guy Cole Jr.">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lee_Gilman" title="Ronald Lee Gilman">Gilman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Smith_Gibbons" title="Julia Smith Gibbons">Gibbons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Rogers" title="John M. Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_L._Cook" title="Deborah L. Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McKeague" title="David McKeague">McKeague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helene_White" title="Helene White">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Seventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit">7th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diane_S._Sykes" title="Diane S. Sykes">Sykes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Easterbrook" title="Frank Easterbrook">Easterbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_B._Brennan" title="Michael B. Brennan">Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Y._Scudder" title="Michael Y. Scudder">Scudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_St._Eve" title="Amy St. Eve">St. Eve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kirsch" title="Thomas Kirsch">Kirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Jackson-Akiwumi" title="Candace Jackson-Akiwumi">Jackson-Akiwumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Z._Lee" title="John Z. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doris_Pryor" title="Doris Pryor">Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_P._Kolar" title="Joshua P. Kolar">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_L._Maldonado" title="Nancy L. Maldonado">Maldonado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Bauer" title="William J. Bauer">Bauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Flaum" title="Joel Flaum">Flaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Francis_Ripple" title="Kenneth Francis Ripple">Ripple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilana_Rovner" title="Ilana Rovner">Rovner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hamilton_(judge)" title="David Hamilton (judge)">Hamilton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">8th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Steven_Colloton" title="Steven Colloton">Colloton</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Loken" title="James B. Loken">Loken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavenski_Smith" title="Lavenski Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Gruender" title="Raymond Gruender">Gruender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duane_Benton" title="Duane Benton">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Shepherd" title="Bobby Shepherd">Shepherd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_L._Kelly" title="Jane L. Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_R._Erickson" title="Ralph R. Erickson">Erickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Steven_Grasz" title="L. Steven Grasz">Grasz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stras" title="David Stras">Stras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_A._Kobes" title="Jonathan A. Kobes">Kobes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasco_Bowman_II" title="Pasco Bowman II">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Leland_Wollman" title="Roger Leland Wollman">Wollman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Arlen_Beam" title="C. Arlen Beam">Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Hansen" title="David R. Hansen">Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_S._Arnold" title="Morris S. Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Melloy" title="Michael Joseph Melloy">Melloy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Ninth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit">9th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mary_H._Murguia" title="Mary H. Murguia">Murguia</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_McLane_Wardlaw" title="Kim McLane Wardlaw">Wardlaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_M._Gould" title="Ronald M. Gould">Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnnie_B._Rawlinson" title="Johnnie B. Rawlinson">Rawlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consuelo_Callahan" title="Consuelo Callahan">Callahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Smith" title="Milan Smith">M. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Segal_Ikuta" title="Sandra Segal Ikuta">Ikuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Christen" title="Morgan Christen">Christen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Nguyen" title="Jacqueline Nguyen">Nguyen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Owens" title="John B. Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Friedland" title="Michelle Friedland">Friedland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_J._Bennett" title="Mark J. Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_D._Nelson" title="Ryan D. Nelson">R. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_D._Miller" title="Eric D. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridget_S._Bade" title="Bridget S. Bade">Bade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_P._Collins" title="Daniel P. Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_K._Lee" title="Kenneth K. Lee">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bress" title="Daniel Bress">Bress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danielle_J._Forrest" title="Danielle J. Forrest">Forrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_J._Bumatay" title="Patrick J. Bumatay">Bumatay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_VanDyke" title="Lawrence VanDyke">VanDyke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Koh" title="Lucy Koh">Koh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Sung" title="Jennifer Sung">Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_P._Sanchez" title="Gabriel P. Sanchez">Sanchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_A._Thomas" title="Holly A. Thomas">H. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Mendoza_Jr." title="Salvador Mendoza Jr.">Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopali_Desai" title="Roopali Desai">Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Johnstone" title="Anthony Johnstone">Johnstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ana_de_Alba" title="Ana de Alba">de Alba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Clifford_Wallace" title="J. Clifford Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_M._Schroeder" title="Mary M. Schroeder">Schroeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Wright_Nelson" title="Dorothy Wright Nelson">D. Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Canby" title="William Canby">Canby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diarmuid_O%27Scannlain" title="Diarmuid O'Scannlain">O'Scannlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Trott" title="Stephen S. Trott">Trott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Fernandez" title="Ferdinand Fernandez">Fernandez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kleinfeld" title="Andrew Kleinfeld">Kleinfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Daly_Hawkins" title="Michael Daly Hawkins">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Wallace_Tashima" title="A. Wallace Tashima">Tashima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_R._Thomas" title="Sidney R. Thomas">S. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_G._Silverman" title="Barry G. Silverman">Silverman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_P._Graber" title="Susan P. Graber">Graber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Margaret_McKeown" title="M. Margaret McKeown">McKeown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Fletcher" title="William A. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Paez" title="Richard Paez">Paez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Berzon" title="Marsha Berzon">Berzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Tallman" title="Richard C. Tallman">Tallman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Clifton" title="Richard Clifton">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Bybee" title="Jay Bybee">Bybee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Bea" title="Carlos Bea">Bea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Randy_Smith" title="N. Randy Smith">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Hurwitz" title="Andrew D. Hurwitz">Hurwitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Tenth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit">10th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Holmes" title="Jerome Holmes">Holmes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Hartz" title="Harris Hartz">Hartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Tymkovich" title="Timothy Tymkovich">Tymkovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Matheson_Jr." title="Scott Matheson Jr.">Matheson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Bacharach" title="Robert E. Bacharach">Bacharach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_A._Phillips" title="Gregory A. Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_B._McHugh" title="Carolyn B. McHugh">McHugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Moritz" title="Nancy Moritz">Moritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_H._Eid" title="Allison H. Eid">Eid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_M._Carson_III" title="Joel M. Carson III">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronica_S._Rossman" title="Veronica S. Rossman">Rossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Federico" title="Richard Federico">Federico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kulp_Seymour" title="Stephanie Kulp Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carbone_Porfilio" title="John Carbone Porfilio">Porfilio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_H._Anderson" title="Stephen H. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Baldock" title="Bobby Baldock">Baldock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wade_Brorby" title="Wade Brorby">Brorby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._Ebel" title="David M. Ebel">Ebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Kelly_Jr." title="Paul Joseph Kelly Jr.">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Beck_Briscoe" title="Mary Beck Briscoe">Briscoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_F._Lucero" title="Carlos F. Lucero">Lucero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_R._Murphy" title="Michael R. Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_L._O%27Brien" title="Terrence L. O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eleventh_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit">11th Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/William_H._Pryor_Jr." title="William H. Pryor Jr.">W. Pryor</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Wilson_(judge)" title="Charles R. Wilson (judge)">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalberto_Jordan" title="Adalberto Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_S._Rosenbaum" title="Robin S. Rosenbaum">Rosenbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_A._Pryor" title="Jill A. Pryor">J. Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Newsom" title="Kevin Newsom">Newsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_L._Branch" title="Elizabeth L. Branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britt_Grant" title="Britt Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Luck" title="Robert J. Luck">Luck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Lagoa" title="Barbara Lagoa">Lagoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_L._Brasher" title="Andrew L. Brasher">Brasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Abudu" title="Nancy Abudu">Abudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embry_Kidd" title="Embry Kidd">Kidd</a> (Designate)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Bard_Tjoflat" title="Gerald Bard Tjoflat">Tjoflat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Lanier_Anderson_III" title="R. Lanier Anderson III">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Larry_Edmondson" title="James Larry Edmondson">Edmondson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Fredrick_Dubina" title="Joel Fredrick Dubina">Dubina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_H._Black" title="Susan H. Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Earl_Carnes" title="Edward Earl Carnes">E. Carnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_M._Hull" title="Frank M. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Marcus_(judge)" title="Stanley Marcus (judge)">Marcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_E._Carnes" title="Julie E. Carnes">J. Carnes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">D.C. Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sri_Srinivasan" title="Sri Srinivasan">Srinivasan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_L._Henderson" title="Karen L. Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Millett" title="Patricia Millett">Millett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Pillard" title="Cornelia Pillard">Pillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Wilkins" title="Robert L. Wilkins">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_G._Katsas" title="Gregory G. Katsas">Katsas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomi_Rao" title="Neomi Rao">Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_R._Walker" title="Justin R. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michelle_Childs" title="J. Michelle Childs">Childs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Y._Pan" title="Florence Y. Pan">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Garcia" title="Brad Garcia">Garcia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_T._Edwards" title="Harry T. Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_H._Ginsburg" title="Douglas H. Ginsburg">Ginsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Sentelle" title="David B. Sentelle">Sentelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Raymond_Randolph" title="A. Raymond Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_W._Rogers" title="Judith W. Rogers">Rogers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Federal_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit">Federal Circuit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_A._Moore" title="Kimberly A. Moore">Moore</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Newman" title="Pauline Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_David_Lourie" title="Alan David Lourie">Lourie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_B._Dyk" title="Timothy B. Dyk">Dyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Prost" title="Sharon Prost">Prost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_V._Reyna" title="Jimmie V. Reyna">Reyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_G._Taranto" title="Richard G. Taranto">Taranto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_T._Chen" title="Raymond T. Chen">Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_M._Hughes" title="Todd M. Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Farnandez_Stoll" title="Kara Farnandez Stoll">Stoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_P._Cunningham" title="Tiffany P. Cunningham">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_P._Stark" title="Leonard P. Stark">Stark</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haldane_Robert_Mayer" title="Haldane Robert Mayer">Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Jay_Plager" title="S. Jay Plager">Plager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_C._Clevenger" title="Raymond C. Clevenger">Clevenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Anthony_Schall" title="Alvin Anthony Schall">Schall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Curtis_Bryson" title="William Curtis Bryson">Bryson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linn" title="Richard Linn">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evan_Wallach" title="Evan Wallach">Wallach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48822006#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48822006#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48822006#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/120584680">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwhBMxtDKtf63khd3gYfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010067315">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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