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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>1852</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1852-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1877" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1877"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>1877</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1877-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1944" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1944"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>1944</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1944-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">London-protokollen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 14 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonprotokollet" title="Londonprotokollet – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Londonprotokollet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Лондонски протокол – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лондонски протокол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_de_Londres" title="Protocol de Londres – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Protocol de Londres" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londoner_Protokoll" title="Londoner Protokoll – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Londoner Protokoll" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πρωτόκολλο του Λονδίνου – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωτόκολλο του Λονδίνου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Protocol" title="London Protocol – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="London Protocol" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_Londres" title="Protocolo de Londres – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protocolo de Londres" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocole_de_Londres" title="Protocole de Londres – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Protocole de Londres" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9F%B0%EB%8D%98_%EC%9D%98%EC%A0%95%EC%84%9C" title="런던 의정서 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="런던 의정서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocollo_di_Londra" title="Protocollo di Londra – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Protocollo di Londra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ლონდონის პროტოკოლი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლონდონის პროტოკოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_van_Londen" title="Protocol van Londen – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Protocol van Londen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%B3%E8%AD%B0%E5%AE%9A%E6%9B%B8" title="ロンドン議定書 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロンドン議定書" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%AD%B0%E5%AE%9A%E6%9B%B8" title="倫敦議定書 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="倫敦議定書" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3254707#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/London-protokollen" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:London-protokollen" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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href="/wiki/London-protokollen"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/London-protokollen"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/London-protokollen" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/London-protokollen" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&oldid=23797641" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=London-protokollen&id=23797641&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLondon-protokollen%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLondon-protokollen%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=London-protokollen&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a 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</nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" 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.mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-Opprydning plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Opprydning" title="Wikipedia:Opprydning">Opprydning</a>:</b> Denne artikkelen trenger en <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Opprydning" title="Wikipedia:Opprydning">opprydning</a> for å oppfylle 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Du kan hjelpe Wikipedia ved å <a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit">forbedre</a> den. Mangler som er blitt anført: Siden bør splittes i selvstendige artikler og gjøres om til en pekerside</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>London-protokoll</b> er en betegnelse på en rekke internasjonale avtaler. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1829">1829</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1829" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1829"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Med utgangspunkt i <a href="/wiki/Den_greske_selvstendighetskrigen" title="Den greske selvstendighetskrigen">Den greske selvstendighetskrigen</a>, slo <a href="/wiki/22._mars" title="22. mars">22. mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1829" title="1829">1829</a> en konferanse besøkende av ambassadørene fra <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> og <a href="/wiki/Det_russiske_keiserrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Det russiske keiserrike">Det russiske keiserrike</a> fast <a href="/wiki/Hellas" title="Hellas">Hellas</a>' grenser, som skulle være alt område sør for en linje som ble trukket fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81rtabukten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ártabukten (ikke skrevet ennå)">Ártabukten</a> til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagastikosbuken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagastikosbuken (ikke skrevet ennå)">Pagastikosbuken</a>, samt <a href="/wiki/Evvia" title="Evvia">Evvia</a> og <a href="/wiki/Kykladene" title="Kykladene">Kykladene</a>, men ikke <a href="/wiki/Kreta" title="Kreta">Kreta</a>. Hellas skulle imidlertid forbli en selvstyrt stat under en prins som ikke skulle tilhøre et av kongehusene til de tre <a href="/wiki/Signatarmakt" title="Signatarmakt">signatarmaktene</a>. En senere konferanse i London, 30. november samme år, slo fast at Hellas i stedet skulle få full uavhengighet, men grensene ble trykket tilbake til en linje som gikk langs Aspropotamos-elven til Maliacbukten.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1830">1830</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1830" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1830"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/3._februar" title="3. februar">3. februar</a> <a href="/wiki/1830" title="1830">1830</a> ble Hellas' <a href="/wiki/Suverenitet" title="Suverenitet">suverenitet</a> slått fast i en London-protokoll.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denne blir imidlertid ikke satt ut i livet på grunn av julirevolusjonen i Frankrike. Videre hersket det uenighet om hvor nord-grensen skulle trekkes. Prosessen kom ikke videre før <a href="/wiki/Henry_John_Temple,_lord_Palmerston" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry John Temple, lord Palmerston">Henry John Temple, lord Palmerston</a> ble ny britisk utenriksminister. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1832">1832</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1832" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1832"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/30._august" title="30. august">30. august</a> <a href="/wiki/1832" title="1832">1832</a> ble det undertegnet en protokoll i London som godkjente og sluttet seg til vilkårene i <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopeltraktaten" title="Konstantinopeltraktaten">Konstantinopeltraktaten</a> fra samme år. Denne ga <a href="/wiki/Hellas" title="Hellas">Hellas</a> full uavhengighet fra <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_rike" title="Det osmanske rike">Det osmanske rike</a> og opprettet <a href="/wiki/Det_greske_konged%C3%B8mmet" class="mw-redirect" title="Det greske kongedømmet">Det greske kongedømmet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1852">1852</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1852" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1852"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/8._mai" title="8. mai">8. mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1852" title="1852">1852</a> ble det etter <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B8rste_slesvigske_krig" title="Første slesvigske krig">Første slesvigske krig</a> undertegnet en protokoll i London, og denne er senere omtalt som «London-protokollen». Dette var en revidering av en tidligere protokoll fra 2. august 1850, som <a href="/wiki/Preussen" title="Preussen">Preussen</a> og <a href="/wiki/%C3%98sterrike" title="Østerrike">Østerrike</a> hadde ratifisert. Den nye protokollen ble også anerkjent av de øvrige europeiske stormaktene <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Det_russiske_keiserriket" class="mw-redirect" title="Det russiske keiserriket">Det russiske keiserriket</a> og <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a>, samt de to <a href="/wiki/%C3%98stersj%C3%B8en" title="Østersjøen">østersjømaktene</a> <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sverige</a> og <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">Danmark</a>. </p><p>Denne protokollen slo fast den danske statens integritet «som en europeisk nødvendighet og stående prinsipp». Videre bestemte protokollen at <a href="/wiki/Hertugd%C3%B8mme" title="Hertugdømme">hertugdømmene</a> <a href="/wiki/Hertugd%C3%B8mmet_Slesvig" title="Hertugdømmet Slesvig">Slesvig</a> (overveiende dansk) og <a href="/wiki/Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a> og <a href="/wiki/Hertugd%C3%B8mmet_Lauenburg" title="Hertugdømmet Lauenburg">Lauenburg</a> (overveiende tyske) skulle være i en <a href="/wiki/Personalunion" title="Personalunion">personalunion</a> med den danske kongen. <a href="/wiki/Frederik_VII_av_Danmark" title="Frederik VII av Danmark">Frederik VII av Danmark</a> var imidlertid barnløs, slik at en endring i kongefamilien måtte skje og dermed også tilhørigheten til disse hertugdømmene og det ble konflikt mellom tronfølgen i hertugdømmene i forhold til den danske tronen. Dette førte til at den nye danske kongen, <a href="/wiki/Kristian_IX_av_Danmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristian IX av Danmark">Christian IX</a>, i strid med London-protokollen, ikke fikk arverett til Holstein og Sachsen-Lauenburg. Arverekken i disse ble dermed endret, men det ble slått fast at disse hertugdømmene var selvstendige enheter, og at dette også gjaldt Slesvig. Fredrik VII døde bare tre dager etter at protokollen ble undertegnet, men hans Christian IX sluttet seg til protokollen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stormaktene ønsket gjennom å garantere dansk territoriell integritet, å forhindre at Preussen fikk adgang til de viktige strategiske havnene i <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a>. Elleve år senere ble denne protokollen utgangspunktet for <a href="/wiki/Andre_slesvigske_krig" title="Andre slesvigske krig">Andre slesvigske krig</a>, da Preussen og Østerrike beskyldte Danmark gjennom Novemberkonstitusjonen å bryte London-protokollen da den nye konstitusjonen gjorde Slesvig til en del av Danmark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1877">1877</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1877" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1877"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En London-protokoll ble undertegnet <a href="/wiki/21._mars" title="21. mars">21. mars</a> <a href="/wiki/1877" title="1877">1877</a> mellom <a href="/wiki/Det_russiske_keiserriket" class="mw-redirect" title="Det russiske keiserriket">Det russiske keiserriket</a> og <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a>, hvor russerne gikk med å på avstå fra å etablere noen <a href="/wiki/Lydrike" title="Lydrike">lydrike</a> dersom de seiret i <a href="/wiki/Den_russisk-tyrkiske_krig_(1877-1878)" class="mw-redirect" title="Den russisk-tyrkiske krig (1877-1878)">Den russisk-tyrkiske krig (1877-1878)</a>. Til gjengeld skulle britene forbli nøytrale i enhver konflikt mellom Russland og <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_rike" title="Det osmanske rike">Det osmanske rike</a>. Avtalen var et forsøk på å opprettholde en maktbalanse på <a href="/wiki/Balkan" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> og unngå innblanding fra stormaktene. Russiske forsøk på å skapet et Stor-<a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> gjennom San Stefano-traktaten gjorde at Storbritannia trakk seg fra avtalen og truet med miliære aksjoner fram til <a href="/wiki/Berlin-kongressen" title="Berlin-kongressen">Berlin-kongressen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1944">1944</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: 1944" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 1944"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I den London-protokollen som ble undertegnet <a href="/wiki/12._september" title="12. september">12. september</a> <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a> ble <a href="/wiki/De_allierte_(andre_verdenskrig)" title="De allierte (andre verdenskrig)">de allierte</a> (uten Frankrike) enige om delingen av Tyskland i okkupasjonssoner etter <a href="/wiki/Andre_verdenskrig" title="Andre verdenskrig">andre verdenskrig</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2000">2000</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: 2000" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen 2000"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>London-protokollen blir også brukt som navn på Londonavtalen av 2000 mellom en del undertegnende stater for å redusere påkrevde oversettelser innen europeiske patenter.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Noter">Noter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Noter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410224642/http://www.bartleby.com/67/1277.html">«Encyclopedia of World History 2001»</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/67/1277.html">originalen</a> 10. april 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 21. november 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3ALondon-protokollen&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+History+2001&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F67%2F1277.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930185207/http://www.mfa.gr/NR/rdonlyres/E1DA0D5F-5493-4BF4-8FD3-D5CD6C6BB96C/0/1830_london_protocol.doc">London Protocol 1830</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Holt, Alexander Wheeler og Chilton (1917), side 75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epo.org/patents/law/legislative-initiatives/london-agreement.html">European Patent offisiell internettside</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFHoltChilton1917">Holt, Lucius Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917), <i>The History of Europe from 1862 to 1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War</i>, Macmillan</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Europe+from+1862+to+1914%3A+From+the+Accession+of+Bismarck+to+the+Outbreak+of+the+Great+War&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Lucius+Hudson&rft.au=Holt%2C%26%2332%3BLucius+Hudson&rft.au=Chilton%2C%26%2332%3BAlexander+Wheeler&rft.date=1917&rft.pub=Macmillan&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:London-protokollen"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>. Accessed <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=RdoLAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0">online</a> at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</li></ul> <div class="ve-conditional-display-block">Autoritetsdata</div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hentet fra «<a dir="ltr" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&oldid=23797641">https://no.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London-protokollen&oldid=23797641</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kategorier" title="Kategori:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Internasjonale_avtaler" title="Kategori:Internasjonale avtaler">Internasjonale avtaler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1829" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1829">Traktater av 1829</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1830" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1830">Traktater av 1830</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1832" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1832">Traktater av 1832</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1852" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1852">Traktater av 1852</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1877" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1877">Traktater av 1877</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_1944" title="Kategori:Traktater av 1944">Traktater av 1944</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Traktater_av_2000" title="Kategori:Traktater av 2000">Traktater av 2000</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skjulte kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Opprydning_2023-09" title="Kategori:Opprydning 2023-09">Opprydning 2023-09</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Opprydning-statistikk" title="Kategori:Opprydning-statistikk">Opprydning-statistikk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikler_uten_autoritetsdatalenker_fra_Wikidata" title="Kategori:Artikler uten autoritetsdatalenker fra Wikidata">Artikler uten autoritetsdatalenker fra Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Denne siden ble sist redigert 2. sep. 2023 kl. 00:24.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Innholdet er tilgjengelig under <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.no">Creative Commons-lisensen Navngivelse-DelPåSammeVilkår</a>, men ytterligere betingelser kan gjelde. 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