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id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>外部連接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">手搖琴</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。46种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabil" title="Rabil – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rabil" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurdy_Gurdy" title="Hurdy Gurdy – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hurdy Gurdy" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Колавая ліра – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Колавая ліра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Колавая ліра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Колавая ліра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8-%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Хърди-гърди – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хърди-гърди" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_de_roda" title="Viola de roda – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viola de roda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nin%C4%9Bra" title="Niněra – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Niněra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drejelire" title="Drejelire – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Drejelire" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drehleier" title="Drehleier – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Drehleier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hurdy-gurdy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vjelo" title="Vjelo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vjelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanfona" title="Zanfona – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zanfona" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratasl%C3%BC%C3%BCra" title="Rataslüüra – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rataslüüra" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarrabete" title="Zarrabete – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zarrabete" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampiliira" title="Kampiliira – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kampiliira" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vielle_%C3%A0_roue" title="Vielle à roue – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vielle à roue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurda%C3%AD-gurda%C3%AD" title="Hurdaí-gurdaí – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hurdaí-gurdaí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruit-rotha" title="Cruit-rotha – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cruit-rotha" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanfona" title="Zanfona – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Zanfona" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99" title="הארדי גארדי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הארדי גארדי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teker%C5%91lant" title="Tekerőlant – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tekerőlant" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hurdy-gurdy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghironda" title="Ghironda – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ghironda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3" title="ハーディ・ガーディ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハーディ・ガーディ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%90%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4" title="드렐라이어 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="드렐라이어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dullemajik_(Instrument)" title="Dullemajik (Instrument) – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dullemajik (Instrument)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drejlier" title="Drejlier – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Drejlier" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rata_lira" title="Rata lira – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rata lira" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draailier" title="Draailier – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Draailier" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreielire" title="Dreielire – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dreielire" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreielire" title="Dreielire – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dreielire" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chifournie" title="Chifournie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chifournie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonsaina" title="Sonsaina – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sonsaina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lira_korbowa" title="Lira korbowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lira korbowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%B2la_dij_b%C3%B2rgno" title="Viòla dij bòrgno – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Viòla dij bòrgno" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanfona" title="Sanfona – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sanfona" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%91%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Колёсная лира – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Колёсная лира" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurdy_gurdy" title="Hurdy gurdy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hurdy gurdy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninera" title="Ninera – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ninera" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simfonij" title="Simfonij – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Simfonij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vevlira" title="Vevlira – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vevlira" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5-%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5" title="เฮอร์ดี-เกอร์ดี – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฮอร์ดี-เกอร์ดี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hurdy-gurdy" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Колісна ліра – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Колісна ліра" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%CA%BBildirakli_lira" title="Gʻildirakli lira – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gʻildirakli lira" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vierlete" title="Vierlete – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Vierlete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q207821#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&oldid=62311621" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&id=62311621&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2589%258B%25E6%2590%2596%25E7%2590%25B4"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%2589%258B%25E6%2590%2596%25E7%2590%25B4"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hurdy-gurdies" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q207821" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 18em;"><caption class="infobox-title">手搖琴</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvet_Drehleier.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Louvet_Drehleier.JPG/250px-Louvet_Drehleier.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Louvet_Drehleier.JPG/375px-Louvet_Drehleier.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Louvet_Drehleier.JPG/500px-Louvet_Drehleier.JPG 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="536" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">樂器<span class="nowrap">別名</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">手搖琴</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">分類</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A6%E6%A8%82%E5%99%A8" title="弦樂器">弦樂器</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E5%9F%9F" title="音域">音域</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left;"><span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HurdyRange.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HurdyRange.svg/250px-HurdyRange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HurdyRange.svg/375px-HurdyRange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/HurdyRange.svg/500px-HurdyRange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="234" data-file-height="174" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%82%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="樂器">相關樂器</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left;"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼古赫帕（页面不存在）">尼古赫帕</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:HurdySample.ogg" title="File:HurdySample.ogg">手搖琴琴曲</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="36" data-mwtitle="HurdySample.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/HurdySample.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/HurdySample.ogg/HurdySample.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description"></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><span class="selfreference">播放此文件有问题？请参见<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:媒體幫助">媒體幫助</a>。</span></div> </div> <p><b>手搖琴</b>，又稱<b>絞弦琴</b>，是一種見於歐洲各地的古老<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A6%E6%A8%82%E5%99%A8" title="弦樂器">弦樂器</a>，通過樂手轉動樂器上的手柄，聯動腹腔内樹脂包裹的轮子来摩擦琴弦，從而震動發聲。手搖琴有多個伴音絃，因此可以產生一種類似<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E7%AC%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="風笛">風笛</a>的持續音，而實際上在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="奧克西塔尼亞">奧克西塔尼亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B3%B0%E9%9A%86%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="加泰隆尼亞">加泰隆尼亞</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡津（页面不存在）">卡津</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="坎塔布里亚">坎塔布里亚</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>的民間音樂中它就常常和風笛交替使用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg/220px-Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg/330px-Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Organistrumsantiago20060414.jpg 2x" data-file-width="349" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>彈奏「Organistrum」的人，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9E%E5%93%A5-%E5%BE%B7%E5%AD%94%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89" title="聖地亞哥-德孔波斯特拉">聖地亞哥-德孔波斯特拉</a></figcaption></figure> <p>手搖琴的前身可能是歐洲或者中東地區的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E7%90%B4" title="提琴">提琴</a>，出現時間大概是公元11世紀左右<sup id="cite_ref-Baines_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baines-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。它最早被稱為「Organistrum」，有一根旋律弦和兩根伴音絃。但因爲體積較大，需要兩個樂手合作才能演奏<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。它以<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%BA%A6%E7%9B%B8%E7%94%9F%E5%BE%8B" title="五度相生律">五度相生律</a>定弦，是當時教堂裏使用的宗教樂器。據稱10世紀基督教聖人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E5%90%95%E5%B0%BC%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%84%E5%A4%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克吕尼的俄多（页面不存在）">克吕尼的俄多</a>曾寫過一篇文章描述「Organistrum」的製作方法，但這种説法並不太可信<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此外另有一篇10世紀的阿拉伯文獻也記載了類似「Organistrum」的樂器<sup id="cite_ref-Baines_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baines-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9E%E5%93%A5-%E5%BE%B7%E5%AD%94%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89" title="聖地亞哥-德孔波斯特拉">聖地亞哥-德孔波斯特拉</a>的一座教堂裏存在最早的「Organistrum」雕塑，而其雕刻年代應該是12世紀。<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:47</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muskett_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muskett-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:3</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Baines-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baines_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baines_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Baines, Anthony. Reviewed work(s): <i>Die Drehleier, ihr Bau und ihre Geschichte</i> by Marianne Bröcker. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galpin_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galpin Society（页面不存在）">The Galpin Society Journal</a>. May 1976, <b>29</b>: 140–141 [140]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/841885"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 841885</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F841885"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.2307/841885</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&rft.atitle=Reviewed+work%28s%29%3A+Die+Drehleier%2C+ihr+Bau+und+ihre+Geschichte+by+Marianne+Br%C3%B6cker&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft.aulast=Baines&rft.date=1976-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Galpin+Society+Journal&rft.pages=140-141+140&rft.volume=29&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F841885&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F841885&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret J. Kartomi: On Concepts and Classifications of Musical Instruments. Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology, University of Chicago Press, 1990</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher Page, "The Medieval Organistrum and Symphonia. 1: A Legacy From the East?," <i>The Galpin Society Journal</i> 35:37–44, and "The Medieval Organistrum and Symphonia. 2: Terminology," <i>The Galpin Society Journal</i> 36:71–87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Scriptores ecclesiastici de musica sacra potissimum</i>, 3 vols., ed. Martin Gerbert (St. Blaise: Typis San-Blasianis, 1784; reprint ed., Hildesheim: Olms, 1963), 1:303.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Franz Montgomery, "The Etymology of the Phrase by Rote." <i>Modern Language Notes</i> 46/1 (Jan. 1931), 19–21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palmer-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palmer_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Palmer, Susann. The Hurdy-Gurdy. London: David & Charles. 1980. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-7153-7888-0" title="Special:网络书源/0-7153-7888-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-7153-7888-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&rft.aufirst=Susann&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.btitle=The+Hurdy-Gurdy&rft.date=1980&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7153-7888-0&rft.place=London&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muskett-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Muskett_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Muskett, Doreen. Hurdy-Gurdy Method. England: Muskett Music. 1998. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-946993-07-6" title="Special:网络书源/0-946993-07-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-946993-07-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&rft.aufirst=Doreen&rft.aulast=Muskett&rft.btitle=Hurdy-Gurdy+Method&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-946993-07-6&rft.place=England&rft.pub=Muskett+Music&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部連接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E6%90%96%E7%90%B4&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：外部連接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hurdy-gurdy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hurdy-gurdy"><span style="font-weight:bold;">手搖琴</span></a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">英文维基文库</a>中的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E7%89%88" title="大英百科全書第十一版">1911年版大英百科全書</a>》條目：<b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hurdy-Gurdy" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Hurdy-Gurdy">Hurdy-Gurdy</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.richardhaynesmusicservices.com">巴洛克手搖琴</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200128064333/http://www.richardhaynesmusicservices.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hurdygurdywiki.wiki-site.com">hurdy-gurdy wiki</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080907180047/http://hurdygurdywiki.wiki-site.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ted.com/talks/caroline_phillips_hurdy_gurdy_for_beginners.html">Caroline Phillips: Hurdy-gurdy for beginners</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140218041852/http://www.ted.com/talks/caroline_phillips_hurdy_gurdy_for_beginners.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），<a href="/w/index.php?title=TED_talks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TED talks（页面不存在）">TED talks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurdygurdylessons.com/lessons/the_first_meeting_with_the_hurdy-gurdy--video">Discover the Hurdy-gurdy in video</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170731045218/http://www.hurdygurdylessons.com/lessons/the_first_meeting_with_the_hurdy-gurdy--video">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），教程</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ludowe.instrumenty.edu.pl/en/instruments-/categories/category/318">荷蘭手搖琴</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20171215000012/http://ludowe.instrumenty.edu.pl/en/instruments-/categories/category/318">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="Template:中世紀音樂"><abbr title="查看该模板" style="color:black">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="Template talk:中世紀音樂"><abbr title="讨论该模板" style="color:black">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:中世紀音樂"><abbr title="编辑该模板" style="color:black">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="中世紀音樂" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="中世紀音樂">中世紀音樂</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世纪作曲家列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of medieval composers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E4%BD%9C%E6%9B%B2%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世纪作曲家列表（页面不存在）">作曲家列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medieval_composers" class="extiw" title="en:List of medieval composers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of medieval composers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世纪音乐理论家列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of medieval music theorists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世纪音乐理论家列表（页面不存在）">音乐理论家</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medieval_music_theorists" class="extiw" title="en:List of medieval music theorists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of medieval music theorists</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世纪乐器列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of medieval musical instruments"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E4%B9%90%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世纪乐器列表（页面不存在）">乐器列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medieval_musical_instruments" class="extiw" title="en:List of medieval musical instruments"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of medieval musical instruments</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="中世紀音樂">早期 (1150年前)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8A%A0%E4%BB%91%E4%BF%AE%E9%81%93%E9%99%A2" title="圣加仑修道院">圣加仑修道院</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Notker_the_Stammerer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notker the Stammerer（页面不存在）">Notker the Stammerer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuotilo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuotilo（页面不存在）">Tuotilo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_of_Li%C3%A8ge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen of Liège（页面不存在）">Stephen of Liège</a></li> <li><span class="skin-invert" style="background:#EEF"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hucbald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hucbald（页面不存在）">Hucbald</a>*</span></li> <li><span class="skin-invert" style="background:#EEF"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odo_of_Cluny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odo of Cluny（页面不存在）">Odo of Cluny</a>*</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heriger_of_Lobbes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heriger of Lobbes（页面不存在）">Heriger of Lobbes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Martial_school&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Martial school（页面不存在）">Saint Martial school</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ad%C3%A9mar_de_Chabannes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adémar de Chabannes（页面不存在）">Adémar de Chabannes</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="skin-invert" style="background:#EEF"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odo_of_Arezzo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odo of Arezzo（页面不存在）">Odo of Arezzo</a>*</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Notker_Physicus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notker Physicus（页面不存在）">Notker Physicus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Godric_of_Finchale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godric of Finchale（页面不存在）">St. Godric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94" title="皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔">皮埃尔·阿伯拉尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%BE%B7%E5%98%89%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E8%B3%93%E6%A0%B9" title="赫德嘉·馮·賓根">赫德嘉·馮·賓根</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_of_Saint_Victor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam of Saint Victor（页面不存在）">Adam of Saint Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wulfstan_the_Cantor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wulfstan the Cantor（页面不存在）">Wulfstan the Cantor</a>?</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wipo_of_Burgundy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wipo of Burgundy（页面不存在）">Wipo of Burgundy</a>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="中世紀音樂">盛期 (1150年–1300年)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ars_antiqua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Ars antiqua（页面不存在）">Template:Ars antiqua</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8A%E5%94%B1%E8%A9%A9%E4%BA%BA" title="遊唱詩人">南法行吟诗人</a><br />& <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trobairitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trobairitz（页面不存在）">Trobairitz</a>*</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aimeric_de_Peguilhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aimeric de Peguilhan（页面不存在）">Aimeric de Peguilhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%AB%BE%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE" title="阿爾諾·達尼埃爾">阿爾諾·達尼埃爾</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnaut_de_Mareuil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnaut de Mareuil（页面不存在）">Arnaut de Mareuil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernart_de_Ventadorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernart de Ventadorn（页面不存在）">Bernart de Ventadorn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertran_de_Born&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertran de Born（页面不存在）">Bertran de Born</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castelloza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castelloza（页面不存在）">Castelloza</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerver%C3%AD_de_Girona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerverí de Girona（页面不存在）">Cerverí de Girona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comtessa_de_Dia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comtessa de Dia（页面不存在）">Comtessa de Dia</a>*</li> 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href="/w/index.php?title=Peire_Cardenal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peire Cardenal（页面不存在）">Peire Cardenal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peire_Vidal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peire Vidal（页面不存在）">Peire Vidal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peirol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peirol（页面不存在）">Peirol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E8%BF%AA%E8%B4%A1" title="佩迪贡">佩迪贡</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimbaut_d%27Aurenga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raimbaut d'Aurenga（页面不存在）">Raimbaut d'Aurenga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raimbaut de Vaqueiras（页面不存在）">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raimon_de_Miravalh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raimon de Miravalh（页面不存在）">Raimon de Miravalh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sordello&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sordello（页面不存在）">Sordello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%96_(%E4%BA%9E%E5%A5%8E%E4%B8%B9)" title="威廉九世 (亞奎丹)">阿基坦公爵威廉九世</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_troubadours_and_trobairitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of troubadours and trobairitz（页面不存在）">Other troubadours and trobairitz...</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="北法行吟诗人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Trouvère"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%B3%95%E8%A1%8C%E5%90%9F%E8%AF%97%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北法行吟诗人（页面不存在）">北法行吟诗人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a 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title="Geisslerlieder（页面不存在）">Geisslerlied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9D%E6%88%91%E7%95%A5%E5%9C%A3%E6%AD%8C" title="额我略圣歌">Gregorian chant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8D%E6%88%91%E7%95%A5%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="額我略一世">Pope Gregory I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lai_(poetic_form)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lai (poetic form)（页面不存在）">Lai</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tydorel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tydorel（页面不存在）">Tydorel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgical_drama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgical drama（页面不存在）">Liturgical drama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madrigal_(Trecento)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madrigal (Trecento)（页面不存在）">Madrigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%96%87%E6%AD%8C" title="經文歌">Motet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0%E5%86%9C" title="奥尔加农">Organum</a></li> <li><i><a 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