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communication elements</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: communication elements"> <meta name="keywords" content="communication elements"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="communication elements"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7488</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: communication elements</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7488</span> The Doctor-Patient Interaction Experience Hierarchy Using Rasch Measurement Model Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan%20Nur%27ashiqin%20Wan%20Mohamad">Wan Nur'ashiqin Wan Mohamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarina%20Othman"> Zarina Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azman%20Abas"> Mohd Azman Abas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azizah%20Ya%27acob"> Azizah Ya'acob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozmel%20Abdul%20Latiff"> Rozmel Abdul Latiff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effective doctor-patient interaction is vital to both doctor and patient relationship. It is the cornerstone of good practice and an integral quality of a healthcare institution. This paper presented the hierarchy of the communication elements in doctor-patient interaction during medical consultations in a medical centre in Malaysia. This study adapted The Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire (2002) to obtain the information from patients. The questionnaire survey was responded by 100 patients between the ages of 20 and 50. Data collected were analysed using Rasch Measurement Model to yield the hierarchy of the communication elements in doctor-patient interaction. The findings showed that the three highest ranking on the doctor-patient interaction were doctor’s treatment, important information delivery and patient satisfaction of doctor’s responses. The results are valuable in developing the framework for communication ethics of doctors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20elements" title="communication elements">communication elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doctor-patient%20interaction" title=" doctor-patient interaction"> doctor-patient interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchy" title=" hierarchy"> hierarchy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasch%20measurement%20model" title=" Rasch measurement model"> Rasch measurement model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98199/the-doctor-patient-interaction-experience-hierarchy-using-rasch-measurement-model-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7487</span> MIMO UWB Antenna for Exploring Body Centric Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Aziz">Osama Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20Ahmad"> Hamza Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhibur%20Rahman"> Muhibur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of wireless communication systems has been suggested to be improved by UWB MIMO antenna systems. However, creating a successful UWB MIMO antenna is a difficult undertaking that calls for resolving a number of design issues, including radiation efficiency, size, and frequency range. This study's primary objective is to create a novel, highly effective, small-sized, ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna and investigate its potential applications in body-centric communication. Two radiating elements, shared ground plane, circular stubs, and t-shaped isolation elements are used to achieve the MIMO antenna. Outstanding multiplexing efficiency, significant peak gain across the entire UWB frequency spectrum, extremely low mutual coupling (S21=-16 dB), high diversity gain (DG>9), and low envelop correlation are achieved. The proposed antenna will be one of the promising candidates for body centric communication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB%20communication" title="UWB communication">UWB communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB%20MIMO%20antennas" title=" UWB MIMO antennas"> UWB MIMO antennas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body-centric%20communication" title=" body-centric communication"> body-centric communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversity%20gain" title=" diversity gain"> diversity gain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179022/mimo-uwb-antenna-for-exploring-body-centric-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7486</span> The Importance of Visual Communication in Artificial Intelligence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjitsingh%20Rajput">Manjitsingh Rajput</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Visual communication plays an important role in artificial intelligence (AI) because it enables machines to understand and interpret visual information, similar to how humans do. This abstract explores the importance of visual communication in AI and emphasizes the importance of various applications such as computer vision, object emphasis recognition, image classification and autonomous systems. In going deeper, with deep learning techniques and neural networks that modify visual understanding, In addition to AI programming, the abstract discusses challenges facing visual interfaces for AI, such as data scarcity, domain optimization, and interpretability. Visual communication and other approaches, such as natural language processing and speech recognition, have also been explored. Overall, this abstract highlights the critical role that visual communication plays in advancing AI capabilities and enabling machines to perceive and understand the world around them. The abstract also explores the integration of visual communication with other modalities like natural language processing and speech recognition, emphasizing the critical role of visual communication in AI capabilities. This methodology explores the importance of visual communication in AI development and implementation, highlighting its potential to enhance the effectiveness and accessibility of AI systems. It provides a comprehensive approach to integrating visual elements into AI systems, making them more user-friendly and efficient. In conclusion, Visual communication is crucial in AI systems for object recognition, facial analysis, and augmented reality, but challenges like data quality, interpretability, and ethics must be addressed. Visual communication enhances user experience, decision-making, accessibility, and collaboration. Developers can integrate visual elements for efficient and accessible AI systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20communication%20AI" title="visual communication AI">visual communication AI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20vision" title=" computer vision"> computer vision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20aid%20in%20communication" title=" visual aid in communication"> visual aid in communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essence%20of%20visual%20communication." title=" essence of visual communication."> essence of visual communication.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174998/the-importance-of-visual-communication-in-artificial-intelligence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7485</span> Participatory and Experience Design in Advertising: An Exploratory Study of Advertising Styles of Cultures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irem%20Ela%20Yildizeli">Irem Ela Yildizeli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Advertising today has become an indispensable phenomenon both for businesses and consumers. Due to the conditions of rapid changes in the market and growth of competitiveness, the success of many of firms that produce similar merchandise depends largely on how professionally and effective they use marketing communication elements which also must have some sense of shared values between the message provider and the receiver within cultural and global trend. This paper demonstrates how consumer behaviour and communication through cultural values evaluate advertising styles. Using samples of award-winning ads from both author's and other professional's creative works, the study reveals a significant correlation between the cultural elements and advertisement reception for language and cultural norms respectively. The findings of this study draw attention to the change of communication in the beginning of the 21st century which has shaped a new style of Participatory and Experience Design in advertising. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising" title="advertising">advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertising%20style" title=" advertising style"> advertising style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience%20design" title=" experience design"> experience design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participatory%20design" title=" participatory design"> participatory design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96397/participatory-and-experience-design-in-advertising-an-exploratory-study-of-advertising-styles-of-cultures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7484</span> Communication Experience and the Perception of Media Richness among Parents Working Overseas and Their Children Left-behind in the Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dennis%20Caasi">Dennis Caasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study analyzed four knowledge-building elements of channel expansion theory namely: communication media, communication content, communication partner, and communication influence vis-à- vis media richness dimensions among parents working overseas and their left-behind children in the Philippines. Results reveal that both parents and children consumed four out of six mediated communications tested in this research, spent one to four days a week connecting, between 30 minutes to 3 hours per engagement, and media consumption is dependent on the message content and media literacy of parents. Family, academic, household, and health were the common communication topics and parents dictate which channel to use. All six medium tested received high ratings based on the media richness constructs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20expansion%20theory" title="channel expansion theory">channel expansion theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-mediated%20communication" title=" computer-mediated communication"> computer-mediated communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20richness%20theory" title=" media richness theory"> media richness theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overseas%20Filipino%20worker" title=" overseas Filipino worker"> overseas Filipino worker</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66725/communication-experience-and-the-perception-of-media-richness-among-parents-working-overseas-and-their-children-left-behind-in-the-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7483</span> The Use of Crisis Workplace Technology to Protect Communication Processes of Critical Infrastructure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiri%20Barta">Jiri Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20F.%20Urbanek"> Jiří F. Urbanek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with a protection of the national and European infrastructure. It is issue nowadays. The paper deals with the perspectives and possibilities of "smart solutions" to critical infrastructure protection. The research project deals with computers aided technologies are used from the perspective of new, better protection of selected infrastructure objects. Protection is focused on communication and information channels. These communication and information channels are very important for the functioning of the system of protection of critical infrastructure elements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interoperability" title="interoperability">interoperability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20systems" title=" communication systems"> communication systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlling%20proces" title=" controlling proces"> controlling proces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20infrastructure" title=" critical infrastructure"> critical infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20workplaces" title=" crisis workplaces"> crisis workplaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuity" title=" continuity"> continuity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17844/the-use-of-crisis-workplace-technology-to-protect-communication-processes-of-critical-infrastructure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7482</span> Decoding the Structure of Multi-Agent System Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Protocols and Paradigms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulshad%20Azatova">Gulshad Azatova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandr%20Kapitonov"> Aleksandr Kapitonov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natig%20Aminov"> Natig Aminov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiagent systems have gained significant attention in various fields, such as robotics, autonomous vehicles, and distributed computing, where multiple agents cooperate and communicate to achieve complex tasks. Efficient communication among agents is a crucial aspect of these systems, as it directly impacts their overall performance and scalability. This scholarly work provides an exploration of essential communication elements and conducts a comparative assessment of diverse protocols utilized in multiagent systems. The emphasis lies in scrutinizing the strengths, weaknesses, and applicability of these protocols across various scenarios. The research also sheds light on emerging trends within communication protocols for multiagent systems, including the incorporation of machine learning methods and the adoption of blockchain-based solutions to ensure secure communication. These trends provide valuable insights into the evolving landscape of multiagent systems and their communication protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20systems" title=" multi-agent systems"> multi-agent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protocols" title=" protocols"> protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consensus" title=" consensus"> consensus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178909/decoding-the-structure-of-multi-agent-system-communication-a-comparative-analysis-of-protocols-and-paradigms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7481</span> Communication Design in Newspapers: A Comparative Study of Graphic Resources in Portuguese and Spanish Publications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%A1tima%20Gon%C3%A7alves">Fátima Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joaquim%20Brigas"> Joaquim Brigas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Jorge Gonçalves</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a way of managing the increasing volume and complexity of information that circulates in the present time, graphical representations are increasingly used, which add meaning to the information presented in communication media, through an efficient communication design. The visual culture itself, driven by technological evolution, has been redefining the forms of communication, so that contemporary visual communication represents a major impact on society. This article presents the results and respective comparative analysis of four publications in the Iberian press, focusing on the formal aspects of newspapers and the space they dedicate to the various communication elements. Two Portuguese newspapers and two Spanish newspapers were selected for this purpose. The findings indicated that the newspapers show a similarity in the use of graphic solutions, which corroborate a visual trend in communication design. The results also reveal that Spanish newspapers are more meticulous with graphic consistency. This study intended to contribute to improving knowledge of the Iberian generalist press. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20design" title="communication design">communication design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic%20resources" title=" graphic resources"> graphic resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iberian%20press" title=" Iberian press"> Iberian press</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20journalism" title=" visual journalism"> visual journalism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87512/communication-design-in-newspapers-a-comparative-study-of-graphic-resources-in-portuguese-and-spanish-publications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7480</span> Compact Dual-band 4-MIMO Antenna Elements for 5G Mobile Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayad%20Ghawbar">Fayad Ghawbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The significance of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system in the 5G wireless communication system is essential to enhance channel capacity and provide a high data rate resulting in a need for dual-polarization in vertical and horizontal. Furthermore, size reduction is critical in a MIMO system to deploy more antenna elements requiring a compact, low-profile design. A compact dual-band 4-MIMO antenna system has been presented in this paper with pattern and polarization diversity. The proposed single antenna structure has been designed using two antenna layers with a C shape in the front layer and a partial slot with a U-shaped cut in the ground to enhance isolation. The single antenna is printed on an FR4 dielectric substrate with an overall size of 18 mm×18 mm×1.6 mm. The 4-MIMO antenna elements were printed orthogonally on an FR4 substrate with a size dimension of 36 × 36 × 1.6 mm3 with zero edge-to-edge separation distance. The proposed compact 4-MIMO antenna elements resonate at 3.4-3.6 GHz and 4.8-5 GHz. The s-parameters measurement and simulation results agree, especially in the lower band with a slight frequency shift of the measurement results at the upper band due to fabrication imperfection. The proposed design shows isolation above -15 dB and -22 dB across the 4-MIMO elements. The MIMO diversity performance has been evaluated in terms of efficiency, ECC, DG, TARC, and CCL. The total and radiation efficiency were above 50 % across all parameters in both frequency bands. The ECC values were lower than 0.10, and the DG results were about 9.95 dB in all antenna elements. TARC results exhibited values lower than 0 dB with values lower than -25 dB in all MIMO elements at the dual-bands. Moreover, the channel capacity losses in the MIMO system were depicted using CCL with values lower than 0.4 Bits/s/Hz. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compact%20antennas" title="compact antennas">compact antennas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIMO%20antenna%20system" title=" MIMO antenna system"> MIMO antenna system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=5G%20communication" title=" 5G communication"> 5G communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20band" title=" dual band"> dual band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECC" title=" ECC"> ECC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DG" title=" DG"> DG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TARC" title=" TARC"> TARC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146461/compact-dual-band-4-mimo-antenna-elements-for-5g-mobile-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7479</span> Beyond Replicating Linguistic Elements: Novel Concept Combinations in Multilingual Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao-lei%20Wang">Xiao-lei Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Novel Concept Combination (NCC) refers to the unique ability of multilingual children to creatively merge and integrate different linguistic and cultural elements to form innovative and original concepts. Children raised with more than one language often exhibit this skill in their daily communication, such as creating innovative metaphors that enrich their communication, showcasing their creativity in conveying the essence of their messages. This paper explores NCC abilities in multilingual children by focusing on two male trilingual siblings exposed to Chinese, French, and English from birth. The siblings were observed for 19 years in their daily context. Seventy-six hours of video-recorded data were used for this study (38 hours for each participant). A coding scheme developed by Wang et al. was employed to code the recorded data. The results suggest that these multilingual siblings proportionally increased their NCC skills over the years, emerging at age 3 and peaking at age 15. The characteristic of their NCC lies in their capacity to not merely replicate linguistic elements of different languages but to recreate, reshape, and reconstruct novel ideas in communication, enriching their interactions. The paper also addresses the educational implications for educators and parents, emphasizing the importance of valuing these novel ideas in everyday environments to encourage NCC development. This, in turn, contributes to cognitive and social development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingual%20children" title="multilingual children">multilingual children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20concept%20combination" title=" novel concept combination"> novel concept combination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingual%20creativity" title=" multilingual creativity"> multilingual creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20richness" title=" linguistic richness"> linguistic richness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177890/beyond-replicating-linguistic-elements-novel-concept-combinations-in-multilingual-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177890.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7478</span> Search for New Design Elements in Time-Honoured Shops in Tainan — On Curriculum Practice about Culture Creative Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Ling%20Huang">Ya-Ling Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming-Chun%20Tsai"> Ming-Chun Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan%20Hsu"> Fan Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Ru%20Hsieh"> Kai-Ru Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper mainly discusses the research and practice process of a laboratory curriculum by leading students to perform field investigation into time-honoured shops that have existed for more than 50 years in the downtown area of Tainan, Taiwan, and then search again for design elements and completing the design. The participants are juniors from the Department of Visual Communication Design, Kun Shan University. The duration of research and practice is two months. Operators of these shops are invited to jointly appraise the final achievements. 9 works out of 27 are chosen for final exhibition and commercialization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture%20creative%20industry" title="culture creative industry">culture creative industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20communication%20design" title=" visual communication design"> visual communication design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20experimental" title=" curriculum experimental"> curriculum experimental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20arts" title=" visual arts"> visual arts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7338/search-for-new-design-elements-in-time-honoured-shops-in-tainan-on-curriculum-practice-about-culture-creative-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7477</span> A Study of Recent Contribution on Simulation Tools for Network-on-Chip</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthana%20Saleh%20Alalaki">Muthana Saleh Alalaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Opoku%20Agyeman"> Michael Opoku Agyeman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth in the number of Intellectual Properties (IPs) or the number of cores on the same chip becomes a critical issue in System-on-Chip (SoC) due to the intra-communication problem between the chip elements. As a result, Network-on-Chip (NoC) has emerged as a system architecture to overcome intra-communication issues. This paper presents a study of recent contributions on simulation tools for NoC. Furthermore, an overview of NoC is covered as well as a comparison between some NoC simulators to help facilitate research in on-chip communication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WiNoC" title="WiNoC">WiNoC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20tool" title=" simulation tool"> simulation tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network-on-chip" title=" network-on-chip"> network-on-chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SoC" title=" SoC"> SoC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70531/a-study-of-recent-contribution-on-simulation-tools-for-network-on-chip" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7476</span> Effective Communication Within Workplace: Key to Growth of Business </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamta">Mamta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Communication is the mixture of the various activities such as words, body language, volume and voice tone. Mankind has always throughout its history had the necessity for communication. It starts from birth and continues throughout life. Communication is just the right means of success and advancement in a workplace. Communication is one of the means to connect to different people at far distances. The modern workplace is inherently collaborative, and this collaboration relies on effective communication among co-workers. Also it has been observed that a lack in good communication skills especially within a workplace can result in conflicts and chaos hence hindering the productivity of an organization. Thus there is a dire need for developing good and effective communication skills which will result in increase in productivity and will enhance its efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20skills" title="communication skills">communication skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20communication" title=" professional communication"> professional communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20communication" title=" workplace communication"> workplace communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20efficiency" title=" workplace efficiency "> workplace efficiency </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14304/effective-communication-within-workplace-key-to-growth-of-business" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7475</span> Mutual Coupling Reduction between Patch Antenna Array Elements Using Metamaterial Z Shaped Resonators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oossama%20Tabbabi">Oossama Tabbabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mondher%20Labidi"> Mondher Labidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fethi%20Choubani"> Fethi Choubani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20David"> J. David</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern wireless communication systems require compact design, low cost and simple structure antennas to insure reliability, agility, and high efficiency characteristics. This paper presents a microstrip antenna array designed for 8 GHz applications. To reduce the mutual coupling effects, a Z shape metamaterial structure was imprinted in the microstrip antenna array composed of two elements. Simulation results show the improvement of mutual coupling by adding Z shape metamaterial structure to the antenna substrate. The proposed structure reduces mutual coupling by 19 dB. The simulation has been performed by using HFSS simulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna%20array" title="antenna array">antenna array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compact%20design" title=" compact design"> compact design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20wireless%20communication" title=" modern wireless communication"> modern wireless communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutual%20coupling%20effects" title=" mutual coupling effects"> mutual coupling effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42228/mutual-coupling-reduction-between-patch-antenna-array-elements-using-metamaterial-z-shaped-resonators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7474</span> Variation in Orbital Elements of Mars and Jupiter Due to the Sun Oblateness by Using Secular Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avaneesh%20Vaishwar">Avaneesh Vaishwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badam%20Singh%20Kushvah"> Badam Singh Kushvah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devi%20Prasad%20Mishra"> Devi Prasad Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We studied the variation in orbital elements of Mars and Jupiter for a time span of 200 thousand years by using secular theory. Here we took Sun oblateness into account and considered the first two zonal gravity constants (J2 and J4) for showing the effect of Sun oblateness on the orbital elements of Mars and Jupiter. We found that in both cases (with and without Sun oblateness) the variation in orbital elements of Mars and Jupiter is periodic moreover in case of the Sun oblateness, the period of variation in orbital elements is decreasing for both the planets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lagrange%27s%20planetary%20equation" title="lagrange's planetary equation">lagrange's planetary equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbital%20elements" title=" orbital elements"> orbital elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planetary%20system" title=" planetary system"> planetary system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secular%20theory" title=" secular theory"> secular theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83157/variation-in-orbital-elements-of-mars-and-jupiter-due-to-the-sun-oblateness-by-using-secular-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83157.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7473</span> Flexible Communication Platform for Crisis Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Barta">Jiří Barta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1%20Lud%C3%ADk"> Tomáš Ludík</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%C5%99%C3%AD%20Urb%C3%A1nek"> Jiří Urbánek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topics of disaster and emergency management are highly debated among experts. Fast communication will help to deal with emergencies. Problem is with the network connection and data exchange. The paper suggests a solution, which allows possibilities and perspectives of new flexible communication platform to the protection of communication systems for crisis management. This platform is used for everyday communication and communication in crisis situations too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20management" title="crisis management">crisis management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20systems" title=" information systems"> information systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interoperability" title=" interoperability"> interoperability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20communication" title=" crisis communication"> crisis communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20environment" title=" security environment"> security environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20platform" title=" communication platform"> communication platform</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2171/flexible-communication-platform-for-crisis-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7472</span> The Construction of Multilingual Online Gaming Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Alnefaie">Dina Alnefaie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This poster presents a study of a Discord private server with thirteen multilingual gamers, aiming to explore the elements that construct a multilingual online gaming community. The study focuses on the communication practices of four Saudi female and male gamers, using various data collection methods, including online observations through recorded videos and screenshots, interviews, and informal conversations for one year. The primary findings show that translanguaging was a prominent feature of their verbal and textual communication practices. Besides, these practices that mostly accompany cultural ones were used to facilitate communication and express their identities in an intercultural context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20community%20construction" title="online community construction">online community construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilingualism" title=" multilingualism"> multilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20identity" title=" digital identity"> digital identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164957/the-construction-of-multilingual-online-gaming-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7471</span> Pilot Directional Protection Scheme Using Wireless Communication </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitish%20Sharma">Nitish Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20G.%20Karady"> G. G. Karady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a scheme for the protection of loop system from all type of faults using the direction of fault current. The presence of distributed generation in today’s system increases the complexity of fault detection as the power flow is bidirectional. Hence, protection scheme specific to this purpose needs to be developed. This paper shows a fast protection scheme using communication which can be fiber optic or wireless. In this paper, the possibility of wireless communication for protection is studied to exchange the information between the relays. The negative sequence and positive sequence directional elements are used to determine the direction of fault current. A PSCAD simulation is presented and validated using commercial SEL relays. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid%20protection" title="smart grid protection">smart grid protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pilot%20protection" title=" pilot protection"> pilot protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system%20simulation" title=" power system simulation"> power system simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication" title=" wireless communication"> wireless communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27773/pilot-directional-protection-scheme-using-wireless-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">636</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7470</span> WebGIS Development Framework With Prioritized Usability Elements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezekiel%20Mwangi">Ezekiel Mwangi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Kimani"> Stephen Kimani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnes%20Mindila"> Agnes Mindila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Usability is one of the key factors that determine the success or failure of any WebGIS (technology normally applied on the internet to analyze and present spatial data on the Internet). However, not all the usability attributes have the same impact on usability. It is, therefore, necessary to prioritize WebGIS usability elements and determine the ones that are more crucial to the success of the WebGIS. This research aims to identify the main elements of WebGIS usability, investigate the order of importance and priority of the usability elements of WebGIS, and propose a WebGIS development framework that incorporates the prioritization of the usability elements. This will be achieved through a literature review. The outcome of this research will help usability specialists and WebGIS developers in determining specific usability elements that should be accorded more emphasis during the design and development of WebGIS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title="framework">framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prioritization" title=" prioritization"> prioritization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WebGIS" title=" WebGIS"> WebGIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129371/webgis-development-framework-with-prioritized-usability-elements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7469</span> Cross-Dipole Right-Hand Circularly Polarized UHF/VHF Yagi-Uda Antenna for Satellite Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shativel%20S.">Shativel S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandana%20B.%20R."> Chandana B. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kavya%20B.%20C."> Kavya B. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obli%20B.%20Vikram"> Obli B. Vikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suganthi%20J."> Suganthi J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagendra%20Rao%20G."> Nagendra Rao G.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Satellite communication plays a pivotal role in modern global communication networks, serving as a vital link between terrestrial infrastructure and remote regions. The demand for reliable satellite reception systems, especially in UHF (Ultra High Frequency) and VHF (Very High Frequency) bands, has grown significantly over the years. This research paper presents the design and optimization of a high-gain, dual-band crossed Yagi-Uda antenna in CST Studio Suite, specifically tailored for satellite reception. The proposed antenna system incorporates a circularly polarized (Right-Hand Circular Polarization - RHCP) design to reduce Faraday loss. Our aim was to use fewer elements and achieve gain, so the antenna is constructed using 6x2 elements arranged in cross dipole and supported with a boom. We have achieved 10.67dBi at 146MHz and 9.28dBi at 437.5MHz.The process includes parameter optimization and fine-tuning of the Yagi-Uda array’s elements, such as the length and spacing of directors and reflectors, to achieve high gain and desirable radiation patterns. Furthermore, the optimization process considers the requirements for UHF and VHF frequency bands, ensuring broad frequency coverage for satellite reception. The results of this research are anticipated to significantly contribute to the advancement of satellite reception systems, enhancing their capabilities to reliably connect remote and underserved areas to the global communication network. Through innovative antenna design and simulation techniques, this study seeks to provide a foundation for the development of next-generation satellite communication infrastructure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yagi-Uda%20antenna" title="Yagi-Uda antenna">Yagi-Uda antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RHCP" title=" RHCP"> RHCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gain" title=" gain"> gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UHF%20antenna" title=" UHF antenna"> UHF antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VHF%20antenna" title=" VHF antenna"> VHF antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CST" title=" CST"> CST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20pattern." title=" radiation pattern."> radiation pattern.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180564/cross-dipole-right-hand-circularly-polarized-uhfvhf-yagi-uda-antenna-for-satellite-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7468</span> Collaborative Drawing with Children Having Autism Spectrum Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charalambous-Darden%20Nefi">Charalambous-Darden Nefi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antoniou%20Phivi"> Antoniou Phivi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents drawing as an alternative tool for facilitating interaction and communication among the members of a class (teachers and students) in an inclusive school setting. It applies elements of the Collaborative Drawing Method (CDM), an interactive method of drawing where two individuals draw together on the same surface. For the past ten years, the facilitators of this study have been researching the effects of spontaneous and non-spontaneous drawing upon elementary school students with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC). This research eventually led them to the application of elements of the CDM. The method was applied to both adults and children and children with one another. The astonishing outcomes of these applications indicate that collaborative drawing, with its inclusive nature, has the potential to help individuals develop interaction and communication among themselves, making it suitable for everyone. This workshop aims to allow the participants to become familiar with the CDM by applying it during the workshop, with the ultimate goal of enhancing their educational approaches by adding the CDM to their teaching methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20drawing" title=" collaborative drawing"> collaborative drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20condition" title=" autism spectrum condition"> autism spectrum condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASC" title=" ASC"> ASC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188532/collaborative-drawing-with-children-having-autism-spectrum-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188532.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7467</span> Wireless Communication in Sunlight</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karmveer%20Sheoran">Karmveer Sheoran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To make wireless communication a vast success is to use sunlight for wireless communication. We can use sunlight in upper atmosphere to encode messages to efficiently use sunlight. This use of sunlight for wireless communication will need encoders which will encode sunlight according to our message and then resultant will be spread in all atmospheres wherever sunlight goes, it will take our messages with it. With minimum requirement of cost in equipment used at the edge of atmosphere is where sunlight is being encoded. In this way a very high efficient wireless communication system can be designed. On receiver side we will need light detectors which will detect sunlight variations and will finally give the information contained i it. Sunlight can be encoded at a very high speed that nobody will be annoyed by flickering. It will be most sophisticated and efficient wireless communication ever designed. There are far more possibilities in this sunlight communication. Let us call it “Sunlight Communication". <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunlight%20communication" title="sunlight communication">sunlight communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20trends" title=" emerging trends"> emerging trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication" title=" wireless communication"> wireless communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wifi" title=" wifi"> wifi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7963/wireless-communication-in-sunlight" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7466</span> Facts of Near Field Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Hamrahi">Amin Hamrahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Near Field Communication (NFC) is one of the latest wireless communication technologies. NFC enables electronic devices to communicate in short range using the radio waves. NFC offers safe yet simple communication between electronic devices. This technology provides the fastest way to communicate two device with in a fraction of second. With NFC technology, communication occurs when an NFC-compatible device is brought within a few centimeters of another NFC device. NFC is an open-platform technology that is being standardized in the NFC Forum. NFC is based on and extends on RFID. It operates on 13.56 MHz frequency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near%20field%20communication" title="near field communication">near field communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC%20technology" title=" NFC technology"> NFC technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication%20technologies" title=" wireless communication technologies"> wireless communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC-compatible%20device" title=" NFC-compatible device"> NFC-compatible device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NFC" title=" NFC"> NFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30917/facts-of-near-field-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7465</span> Intercultural Communication in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language in Malawi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Mayeso%20Jiyajiya">Peter Mayeso Jiyajiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses how the teaching of English as a foreign language in Malawi can enhance intercultural communication competence in a multicultural society. It argues that incorporation of intercultural communication in the teaching of English as a foreign language would improve cultural awareness in communication in the multicultural Malawi. The teaching of English in Malawi is geared towards producing students who would communicate in the global world. This entails the use of proper pedagogical approaches and instructional materials that prepare the students toward intercultural awareness. In view of this, the language teachers were interviewed in order to determine their instructional approaches to intercultural communication. Instructional materials were further evaluated to assess how interculturality is incorporated. The study found out that teachers face perceptual and technical challenges that hinder them from exercising creativity to incorporate interculturality in their lessons. This is also compounded by lack of clear direction in the teaching materials on cultural elements. The paper, therefore, suggests a holistic approach to the teaching of English language in Malawian school in which the diversity of culture in classrooms must be considered an opportunity for addressing students’ cultural needs that may be lacking in the instructional materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20awareness" title="cultural awareness">cultural awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grammar" title=" grammar"> grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20language" title=" foreign language"> foreign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20communication" title=" intercultural communication"> intercultural communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20teaching" title=" language teaching"> language teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54177/intercultural-communication-in-the-teaching-of-english-as-a-foreign-language-in-malawi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7464</span> Modeling of Complex Structures: Shear Wall with Openings and Stiffened Shells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temami%20Oussama">Temami Oussama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bessais%20Lakhdar"> Bessais Lakhdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamadi%20Djamal"> Hamadi Djamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abderrahmani%20Sifeddine"> Abderrahmani Sifeddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of complex structures encourages the engineer to make simplifying assumptions, sometimes attempting the analysis of the whole structure as complex as it is, and it can be done using the finite element method (FEM). In the modeling of complex structures by finite elements, various elements can be used: beam element, membrane element, solid element, plates and shells elements. These elements formulated according to the classical formulation and do not generally share the same nodal degrees of freedom, which complicates the development of a compatible model. The compatibility of the elements with each other is often a difficult problem for modeling complicated structure. This compatibility is necessary to ensure the convergence. To overcome this problem, we have proposed finite elements with a rotational degree of freedom. The study used is based on the strain approach formulation with 2D and 3D formulation with different degrees of freedom at each node. For the comparison and confrontation of results; the finite elements available in ABAQUS/Standard are used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compatibility%20requirement" title="compatibility requirement">compatibility requirement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20structures" title=" complex structures"> complex structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20elements" title=" finite elements"> finite elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling"> modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20approach" title=" strain approach"> strain approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34144/modeling-of-complex-structures-shear-wall-with-openings-and-stiffened-shells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7463</span> Analyze of Nanoscale Materials and Devices for Future Communication and Telecom Networks in the Gas Refinery </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Bagher%20Heidari">Mohamad Bagher Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hefzollah%20Mohammadian"> Hefzollah Mohammadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> New discoveries in materials on the nanometer-length scale are expected to play an important role in addressing ongoing and future challenges in the field of communication. Devices and systems for ultra-high speed short and long range communication links, portable and power efficient computing devices, high-density memory and logics, ultra-fast interconnects, and autonomous and robust energy scavenging devices for accessing ambient intelligence and needed information will critically depend on the success of next-generation emerging nonmaterials and devices. This article presents some exciting recent developments in nonmaterials that have the potential to play a critical role in the development and transformation of future intelligent communication and telecom networks in the gas refinery. The industry is benefiting from nanotechnology advances with numerous applications including those in smarter sensors, logic elements, computer chips, memory storage devices, optoelectronics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonmaterial" title="nonmaterial">nonmaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20communication" title=" intelligent communication"> intelligent communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoscale" title=" nanoscale"> nanoscale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanophotonic" title=" nanophotonic"> nanophotonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telecom" title=" telecom"> telecom</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43798/analyze-of-nanoscale-materials-and-devices-for-future-communication-and-telecom-networks-in-the-gas-refinery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7462</span> Globalization and Women's Social Identity in Iran: A Case Study of Educated Women in the 'World City' of Yazd</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Tefagh">Mohammad Tefagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The process of globalization has transformed many social and cultural phenomena and has entered the world into a new era and arena. This phenomenon has introduced new methods, ideas, and identity interactions to human beings and has caused great changes in individual and social identity. Women have also been affected by globalization. Globalization has made the presence of women more and more effective and has caused identity changes and changes in the dimensions of identity in them. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of globalization of culture on changes in the social identity of educated women in the global city of Yazd. This study will discuss identity change and identity reconstruction due to globalization. The method of this study is qualitative, and the research data is obtained through in-depth interviews with 15 Yazdi-educated women at the Ph.D. level. The method of data analysis is thematic analysis. Findings of the research show that educated Yazdi women have changed their identity due to new communication processes and globalization, including faster, easier, and cheaper communication with other women in the world near and far. Women's social identity has also changed in the face of elements of globalization in various dimensions such as national, gender, religious, and group identities. The analysis of the interviews revealed the confronting elements such as using new cultural goods and communication technologies, membership in social networks, and increasing awareness of environmental change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalization" title="globalization">globalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20identity" title=" social identity"> social identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educated%20women" title=" educated women"> educated women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazd" title=" Yazd"> Yazd</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132806/globalization-and-womens-social-identity-in-iran-a-case-study-of-educated-women-in-the-world-city-of-yazd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7461</span> The Role and Effects of Communication on Occupational Safety: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pieter%20A.%20Cornelissen">Pieter A. Cornelissen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joris%20J.%20Van%20Hoof"> Joris J. Van Hoof</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interest in improving occupational safety started almost simultaneously with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Yet, it was not until the late 1970’s before the role of communication was considered in scientific research regarding occupational safety. In recent years the importance of communication as a means to improve occupational safety has increased. Not only as communication might have a direct effect on safety performance and safety outcomes, but also as it can be viewed as a major component of other important safety-related elements (e.g., training, safety meetings, leadership). And while safety communication is an increasingly important topic in research, its operationalization is often vague and differs among studies. This is not only problematic when comparing results, but also in applying these results to practice and the work floor. By means of an in-depth analysis—building on an existing dataset—this review aims to overcome these problems. The initial database search yielded 25.527 articles, which was reduced to a research corpus of 176 articles. Focusing on the 37 articles of this corpus that addressed communication (related to safety outcomes and safety performance), the current study will provide a comprehensive overview of the role and effects of safety communication and outlines the conditions under which communication contributes to a safer work environment. The study shows that in literature a distinction is commonly made between safety communication (i.e., the exchange or dissemination of safety-related information) and feedback (i.e. a reactive form of communication). And although there is a consensus among researchers that both communication and feedback positively affect safety performance, there is a debate about the directness of this relationship. Whereas some researchers assume a direct relationship between safety communication and safety performance, others state that this relationship is mediated by safety climate. One of the key findings is that despite the strongly present view that safety communication is a formal and top-down safety management tool, researchers stress the importance of open communication that encourages and allows employees to express their worries, experiences, views, and share information. This raises questions with regard to other directions (e.g., bottom-up, horizontal) and forms of communication (e.g., informal). The current review proposes a framework to overcome the often vague and different operationalizations of safety communication. The proposed framework can be used to characterize safety communication in terms of stakeholders, direction, and characteristics of communication (e.g., medium usage). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback" title=" feedback"> feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20safety" title=" occupational safety"> occupational safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=review" title=" review"> review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55598/the-role-and-effects-of-communication-on-occupational-safety-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7460</span> Modelling of Structures by Advanced Finites Elements Based on the Strain Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sifeddine%20Abderrahmani">Sifeddine Abderrahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Bouafia"> Sonia Bouafia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The finite element method is the most practical tool for the analysis of structures, whatever the geometrical shape and behavior. It is extensively used in many high-tech industries, such as civil or military engineering, for the modeling of bridges, motor bodies, fuselages, and airplane wings. Additionally, experience demonstrates that engineers like modeling their structures using the most basic finite elements. Numerous models of finite elements may be utilized in the numerical analysis depending on the interpolation field that is selected, and it is generally known that convergence to the proper value will occur considerably more quickly with a good displacement pattern than with a poor pattern, saving computation time. The method for creating finite elements using the strain approach (S.B.A.) is presented in this presentation. When the results are compared with those provided by equivalent displacement-based elements, having the same total number of degrees of freedom, an excellent convergence can be obtained through some application and validation tests using recently developed membrane elements, plate bending elements, and flat shell elements. The effectiveness and performance of the strain-based finite elements in modeling structures are proven by the findings for deflections and stresses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20elements" title="finite elements">finite elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plate%20bending" title=" plate bending"> plate bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20approach" title=" strain approach"> strain approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=displacement%20formulation" title=" displacement formulation"> displacement formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shell%20element" title=" shell element"> shell element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157852/modelling-of-structures-by-advanced-finites-elements-based-on-the-strain-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7459</span> Building Successful Organizational Business Communication and Its Impact on Business Performance: An Intra- and Inter-Organizational Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aynura%20Valiyeva">Aynura Valiyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basil%20John%20Thomas"> Basil John Thomas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intra-firm communication is critical for building synergy amongst internal business units of a firm, where employees from various functional departments and ranks incorporate their decision-making, understanding of organizational objectives, as well as common norms and culture for better organizational effectiveness. This study builds on and assesses a framework of the causes and consequences of effective communication in business interactions between customer and supplier firms, and the path for efficient communication within a firm. The proposed study’s structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis based on 352 sample responses collected from firm representatives at different job positions ranging from marketing to logistics operations, reveals that, in the frame of reference of intra-organizational communication, organization characteristics and shared values, top management support and style of leadership, as well as information technology, are all significantly related to communication effectiveness. Furthermore, the frequency and variety of interactions enhance the outcome of communication, that improves a company’s performance. The results reveal that cultural factors are significantly related to communication effectiveness, as well as the shared beliefs and goals. In terms of organizational factors, leadership style, top management support and information technology are significant determinants of effective communication. Among the contextual factors, interaction frequency and diversity are found to be priority factors. This study also tests the relationship between supplier and supplier firm performance in the context of communication effectiveness, and finds that they are closely related, when trust and commitment is built between business partners. When firms do business in other multicultural contexts, language and shared values with destination country must be considered significant elements of communication process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20performance" title="business performance">business performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-firm%20communication" title=" intra-firm communication"> intra-firm communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter-firm%20communication" title=" inter-firm communication"> inter-firm communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modeling" title=" structural equation modeling"> structural equation modeling</a> </p> <a 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