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<span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Битпоп – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битпоп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitpop" title="Bitpop – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bitpop" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitpop" title="Bitpop – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bitpop" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Music genre</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Bitpop</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">Chiptune</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Synthpop" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthpop">synthpop</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Electropop" title="Electropop">electropop</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_music" title="Video game music">video game music</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">1990s – 2000s <small>(decade)</small>, United States, Australia, Japan, and Europe</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Typical instruments</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Synthesizer</li><li>vocals</li><li>bass</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_chip" title="Sound chip">sound chip</a></li><li>personal computer</li><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_drums" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic drums">electronic drums</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other topics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Future_bass#Kawaii_future_bass" title="Future bass">Kawaii future bass</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bitpop</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic music</a> and subgenre of <a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">chiptune</a> music, where at least part of the music is made using the <a href="/wiki/Sound_chip" title="Sound chip">sound chips</a> of <a href="/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(third_generation)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of video game consoles (third generation)">8-bit</a> (or <a href="/wiki/History_of_video_game_consoles_(fourth_generation)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of video game consoles (fourth generation)">16-bit</a>) computers and <a href="/wiki/Video_game_console" title="Video game console">video game consoles</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitpop&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="88" data-mwtitle="Bitpop.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Bitpop.wav"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Bitpop.wav/Bitpop.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Bitpop.wav/Bitpop.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Bitpop.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>An example of "bitpop" music that uses 8-bit sounds and modern production software</figcaption></figure> <p>Among systems used include the <a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sounds produced from these systems can be combined to any degree with traditional <a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">instruments</a>, such as guitar and drums, modern synthesizers and <a href="/wiki/Drum_machine" title="Drum machine">drum machines</a>, or vocals and sound effects.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bitpop uses a mixture of old and new equipment often resulting a sound which is unlike <a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">chiptune</a> although containing 8-bit sourced sounds. For example, a bitpop production may be composed almost entirely of 8-bit sounds but with a live vocal or overlaid live guitars. Conversely, a bitpop production may be composed almost entirely of live vocals and instruments but feature a bassline or lead melody provided by an 8-bit device.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitpop&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the pioneers of bitpop music were <a href="/wiki/Welle:Erdball" title="Welle:Erdball">Welle:Erdball</a>, with their heavy use of <a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a> for their first album in 1992. Being a German-speaking group not using the term bitpop and who don't travel by plane, they remained popular among people listening to <a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">industrial music</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electroclash" title="Electroclash">electroclash</a>. </p><p>Bitpop music began gaining popularity towards the end of the 1990s. The first <a href="/wiki/Electroclash" title="Electroclash">electroclash</a> record, <a href="/wiki/I-F" title="I-F">I-F</a>'s "Space Invaders Are Smoking Grass" (1997), has been described as "burbling electro in a vocodered homage to <a href="/wiki/Golden_age_of_arcade_video_games" title="Golden age of arcade video games">Atari-era</a> hi-jinks,"<sup id="cite_ref-Lynskey2002_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lynskey2002-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> particularly <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Invaders" title="Space Invaders">Space Invaders</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Beastie_Boys" title="Beastie Boys">Beastie Boys</a> outer-space sci-fi themed album <a href="/wiki/Hello_Nasty" title="Hello Nasty">Hello Nasty</a> (1998), included, among other potentially influencing tracks, the distinctively video game sound themed original composition track <a href="/wiki/Hello_Nasty" title="Hello Nasty">UNITE</a>; garnering mainstream recognition years ahead of the popular video game tune genre and movement. The <a href="/wiki/Trance_music" title="Trance music">trance</a> song "<a href="/wiki/Kernkraft_400" title="Kernkraft 400">Kernkraft 400</a>" (1999), often played at sports events worldwide, was a remix of a <a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">chiptune</a> song written by <a href="/wiki/David_Whittaker_(video_game_composer)" title="David Whittaker (video game composer)">David Whittaker</a> called "Stardust" for the 1984 Commodore 64 <a href="/wiki/PC_game" title="PC game">computer game</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Lazy_Jones" title="Lazy Jones">Lazy Jones</a></i>. </p><p>In 2003, <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_McLaren" title="Malcolm McLaren">Malcolm McLaren</a> wrote an article on bitpop and chip music. It also noted a planned release in that style by McLaren.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the mid-2000s, 8-bit chip music began being incorporated in mainstream pop music, used by acts such as <a href="/wiki/Beck" title="Beck">Beck</a> (for example, the 2005 song "<a href="/wiki/Girl_(Beck_song)" title="Girl (Beck song)">Girl</a>"), <a href="/wiki/The_Killers" title="The Killers">The Killers</a> (for example, the 2004 song "<a href="/wiki/Hot_Fuss" title="Hot Fuss">On Top</a>"), and particularly <a href="/wiki/The_Postal_Service" title="The Postal Service">The Postal Service</a> in many of their songs. The MIDI-style and <a href="/wiki/FM_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="FM synthesis">FM synthesis</a> of early game music composers such as <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Kawaguchi_(composer)" title="Hiroshi Kawaguchi (composer)">Hiroshi Kawaguchi</a> also began gaining popularity.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, the <a href="/wiki/J-pop" title="J-pop">J-pop</a> girl group <a href="/wiki/Perfume_(Japanese_band)" title="Perfume (Japanese band)">Perfume</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nintendo_gamer-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bounce_perfume_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bounce_perfume-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with producer <a href="/wiki/Yasutaka_Nakata" title="Yasutaka Nakata">Yasutaka Nakata</a>, began producing music combining chiptunes with <a href="/wiki/Synthpop" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthpop">synthpop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electro_house" title="Electro house">electro house</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-bounce_perfume_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bounce_perfume-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> their breakthrough came in 2007 with <i><a href="/wiki/Game_(Perfume_album)" title="Game (Perfume album)">Game</a></i>, which led to other Japanese female artists using a similar electronic style, including <a href="/wiki/Aira_Mitsuki" title="Aira Mitsuki">Aira Mitsuki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Immi" title="Immi">immi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masami_Mitsuoka" title="Masami Mitsuoka">Mizca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sawa_(singer)" title="Sawa (singer)">SAWA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saori_at_Destiny" class="mw-redirect" title="Saori at Destiny">Saori@destiny</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sweet_Vacation" title="Sweet Vacation">Sweet Vacation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-allabout_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allabout-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 2000s, 8-bit chiptune sounds, or "video game beats", have been used by a number of mainstream pop artists. Examples in the Western world include artists such as <a href="/wiki/Kesha" title="Kesha">Kesha</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (most notably in "<a href="/wiki/Tik_Tok_(song)" title="Tik Tok (song)">Tik Tok</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nintendo_gamer-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Puls_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puls-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_singles_worldwide" class="mw-redirect" title="List of best-selling singles worldwide">best-selling single</a> of 2010<sup id="cite_ref-ifpi10_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ifpi10-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Robyn" title="Robyn">Robyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nintendo_gamer-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Puls_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puls-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Eminem" title="Eminem">Eminem</a> (for example, "<a href="/wiki/Hellbound_(song)" title="Hellbound (song)">Hellbound</a>"), <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Furtado" title="Nelly Furtado">Nelly Furtado</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Timbaland" title="Timbaland">Timbaland</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Timbaland_plagiarism_controversy" title="Timbaland plagiarism controversy">Timbaland plagiarism controversy</a>). The influence of video game sounds can also be heard in contemporary British <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a> music by artists such as <a href="/wiki/Dizzee_Rascal" title="Dizzee Rascal">Dizzee Rascal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kieran_Hebden" class="mw-redirect" title="Kieran Hebden">Kieran Hebden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_ymo_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian_ymo-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Grime_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grime (music)">Grime</a> music in particular samples <a href="/wiki/Sawtooth_wave" title="Sawtooth wave">sawtooth wave</a> sounds from video games which were popular in <a href="/wiki/East_(London_sub_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="East (London sub region)">East London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep">Dubstep</a> producers have also been influenced by video game chiptunes, particularly the work of <a href="/wiki/Yuzo_Koshiro" title="Yuzo Koshiro">Yuzo Koshiro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-self-titledmag_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-self-titledmag-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-timeout_20425_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeout_20425-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> article stated that the "sights and sounds of <a href="/wiki/Retrogaming" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrogaming">old-school games</a>" (naming <i><a href="/wiki/Frogger" title="Frogger">Frogger</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Donkey_Kong" title="Donkey Kong">Donkey Kong</a></i> as examples) are "now becoming a part of mainstream music and culture."<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_chiptune_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc_chiptune-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitpop&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_bending" title="Circuit bending">Circuit bending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_electronic_music_genres" title="List of electronic music genres">List of electronic music genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Macro_Language" title="Music Macro Language">Music Macro Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIDstation" class="mw-redirect" title="SIDstation">SIDstation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitpop&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/style/chiptunes-ma0000012235">Chiptunes Music Genre Overview|AllMusic</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/subgenre/chiptunes-ma0000012235/artists">Chiptunes Music Artists|AllMusic</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bitpop.co.uk/what-is-bitpop/">"What is Bitpop?"</a>. <i>www.bitpop.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bitpop.co.uk&rft.atitle=What+is+Bitpop%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bitpop.co.uk%2Fwhat-is-bitpop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.djallergy.com/DJLRG/Bitpop/index.html">The Rise of Bitpop</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080827204413/http://www.djallergy.com/DJLRG/Bitpop/index.html">Archived</a> August 27, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bitpop.co.uk/listen-to-bitpop/">"Listen to Bitpop"</a>. <i>www.bitpop.co.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bitpop.co.uk&rft.atitle=Listen+to+Bitpop&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bitpop.co.uk%2Flisten-to-bitpop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lynskey2002-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lynskey2002_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFD._Lynskey2002" class="citation cs2">D. Lynskey (March 22, 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141015225802/http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2002/mar/22/shopping.artsfeatures2">"Out with the old, in with the older"</a>, <i>Guardian.co.uk</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2002/mar/22/shopping.artsfeatures2?INTCMP=ILCNETTXT3487">the original</a> on October 15, 2014</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian.co.uk&rft.atitle=Out+with+the+old%2C+in+with+the+older&rft.date=2002-03-22&rft.au=D.+Lynskey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flifeandstyle%2F2002%2Fmar%2F22%2Fshopping.artsfeatures2%3FINTCMP%3DILCNETTXT3487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discogs.com/I-f-Space-Invaders-Are-Smoking-Grass/release/19460">"I-f – Space Invaders Are Smoking Grass"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a>. September 22, 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I-f+%E2%80%93+Space+Invaders+Are+Smoking+Grass&rft.pub=Discogs&rft.date=1998-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discogs.com%2FI-f-Space-Invaders-Are-Smoking-Grass%2Frelease%2F19460&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.11/mclaren.html">"8-Bit Punk"</a>. <i>Wired</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=8-Bit+Punk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fwired%2Farchive%2F11.11%2Fmclaren.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaw2006" class="citation web cs1">Shaw, Jeff (May 25, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120712032335/http://niagara-gazette.com/music/x681717382/Music-of-the-8-bit-variety-makes-a-comeback">"Music of the 8-bit variety makes a comeback"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Gazette" title="Niagara Gazette">Niagara Gazette</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://niagara-gazette.com/music/x681717382/Music-of-the-8-bit-variety-makes-a-comeback">the original</a> on July 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Niagara+Gazette&rft.atitle=Music+of+the+8-bit+variety+makes+a+comeback&rft.date=2006-05-25&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fniagara-gazette.com%2Fmusic%2Fx681717382%2FMusic-of-the-8-bit-variety-makes-a-comeback&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nintendo_gamer-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nintendo_gamer_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_Robson2012" class="citation web cs1">Daniel Robson (March 6, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nintendo-gamer.net/2012/03/06/japans-chiptune-heroes/3/">"Japan's chiptune heroes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Gamer" title="Nintendo Gamer">Nintendo Gamer</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 20,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nintendo+Gamer&rft.atitle=Japan%27s+chiptune+heroes&rft.date=2012-03-06&rft.au=Daniel+Robson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nintendo-gamer.net%2F2012%2F03%2F06%2Fjapans-chiptune-heroes%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2013">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bounce_perfume-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bounce_perfume_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bounce_perfume_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081209084048/http://www.bounce.com/article/article.php/4045/ALL/">"Perfume Interview"</a> (in Japanese). bounce.com. February 7, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bounce.com/article/article.php/4045/ALL/">the original</a> on December 9, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perfume+Interview&rft.pub=bounce.com&rft.date=2008-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bounce.com%2Farticle%2Farticle.php%2F4045%2FALL%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=ja&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20081209084048%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bounce.com%2Farticle%2Farticle.php%2F4045%2FALL%2F">English translation</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allabout-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-allabout_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://allabout.co.jp/gm/gc/205887/">"Perfume～サマソニの快挙！！"</a> (in Japanese). All About テクノポップ. August 20, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perfume%EF%BD%9E%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9E%E3%82%BD%E3%83%8B%E3%81%AE%E5%BF%AB%E6%8C%99%EF%BC%81%EF%BC%81&rft.pub=All+About+%E3%83%86%E3%82%AF%E3%83%8E%E3%83%9D%E3%83%83%E3%83%97&rft.date=2007-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallabout.co.jp%2Fgm%2Fgc%2F205887%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiklewski2011" class="citation news cs1">Miklewski, Michael (October 20, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131214091201/http://www.thebottomlineonline.org/music-in-video-games-1.2660649#.T951YbVYv8l">"Music in Video Games: From 8-bit to Symphonies"</a>. <i>The Bottom Line</i>. <a href="/wiki/Frostburg_State_University" title="Frostburg State University">Frostburg State University</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebottomlineonline.org/music-in-video-games-1.2660649#.T951YbVYv8l">the original</a> on December 14, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bottom+Line&rft.atitle=Music+in+Video+Games%3A+From+8-bit+to+Symphonies&rft.date=2011-10-20&rft.aulast=Miklewski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebottomlineonline.org%2Fmusic-in-video-games-1.2660649%23.T951YbVYv8l&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Puls-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Puls_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Puls_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.puls.no/16375.html">"Robyn: Body Talk, Pt. 2"</a>. Puls Music. September 10, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robyn%3A+Body+Talk%2C+Pt.+2&rft.pub=Puls+Music&rft.date=2010-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.puls.no%2F16375.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.puls.no%2F16375.html&sl=no&tl=en&hl=&ie=UTF-8">Translation</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ifpi10-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ifpi10_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110221105915/http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_resources/dmr2011.html">"IFPI publishes Digital Music Report 2011"</a>. London. January 20, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifpi.org/content/section_resources/dmr2011.html">the original</a> on February 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IFPI+publishes+Digital+Music+Report+2011&rft.place=London&rft.date=2011-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifpi.org%2Fcontent%2Fsection_resources%2Fdmr2011.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian_ymo-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guardian_ymo_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLewis2008" class="citation web cs1">Lewis, John (July 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/jul/04/electronicmusic.filmandmusic11">"Back to the future: Yellow Magic Orchestra helped usher in electronica – and they may just have invented hip-hop, too"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Back+to+the+future%3A+Yellow+Magic+Orchestra+helped+usher+in+electronica+%E2%80%93+and+they+may+just+have+invented+hip-hop%2C+too&rft.date=2008-07-04&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2008%2Fjul%2F04%2Felectronicmusic.filmandmusic11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlex_de_Jong,_Marc_Schuilenburg2006" class="citation book cs1">Alex de Jong, Marc Schuilenburg (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bCxd_AC-2-QC&pg=PA106"><i>Mediapolis: popular culture and the city</i></a>. 010 Publishers. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-6450-628-0" title="Special:BookSources/90-6450-628-0"><bdi>90-6450-628-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mediapolis%3A+popular+culture+and+the+city&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=010+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=90-6450-628-0&rft.au=Alex+de+Jong%2C+Marc+Schuilenburg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbCxd_AC-2-QC%26pg%3DPA106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2011" class="citation news cs1">Lawrence, Eddy (January 11, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeoutdoha.com/nightlife/features/20343-ikonika-interview">"Ikonika interview: Producer and DJ, Ikonika had an incredible 2010"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Out (company)">Time Out</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=Ikonika+interview%3A+Producer+and+DJ%2C+Ikonika+had+an+incredible+2010&rft.date=2011-01-11&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Eddy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeoutdoha.com%2Fnightlife%2Ffeatures%2F20343-ikonika-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-self-titledmag-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-self-titledmag_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003194434/http://www.self-titledmag.com/home/2010/04/21/recording-under-the-influence-ikonika-on-streets-of-rage-dalis-film-buddy-and-why-kode9s-wrong-about-numbers/">"Recording Under the Influence: Ikonika"</a>. <i>Self-Titled Magazine</i>. April 21, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.self-titledmag.com/home/2010/04/21/recording-under-the-influence-ikonika-on-streets-of-rage-dalis-film-buddy-and-why-kode9s-wrong-about-numbers/">the original</a> on October 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Self-Titled+Magazine&rft.atitle=Recording+Under+the+Influence%3A+Ikonika&rft.date=2010-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.self-titledmag.com%2Fhome%2F2010%2F04%2F21%2Frecording-under-the-influence-ikonika-on-streets-of-rage-dalis-film-buddy-and-why-kode9s-wrong-about-numbers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timeout_20425-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-timeout_20425_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawrence2011" class="citation news cs1">Lawrence, Eddy (January 18, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeoutdubai.com/nightlife/features/20425-ikonika-interview">"Ikonika interview: Dubstep has taken the world by storm over the past 12 months"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Out (company)">Time Out</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=Ikonika+interview%3A+Dubstep+has+taken+the+world+by+storm+over+the+past+12+months&rft.date=2011-01-18&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Eddy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeoutdubai.com%2Fnightlife%2Ffeatures%2F20425-ikonika-interview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc_chiptune-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_chiptune_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKnowles2010" class="citation web cs1">Knowles, Jamillah (June 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10260769">"How computer games are creating new art and music"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+computer+games+are+creating+new+art+and+music&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2010-06-09&rft.aulast=Knowles&rft.aufirst=Jamillah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2F10260769&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABitpop" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bitpop&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.last.fm/tag/bitpop">Last.FM Bitpop Tag</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bleepstreet.com/">Bleepstreet Records</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.8bitpeoples.com/">8 Bit Peoples</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070210232153/http://8bitcollective.com/">8 Bit Collective</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bitpop.co.uk/">Bitpop</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bitpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Module_file" title="Module file">Tracker music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skweee" title="Skweee">Skweee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game_music" title="Video game music">Video game music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_chip" title="Sound chip">Sound chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Synthesizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_tracker" title="Music tracker">Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Boy" title="Game Boy">Game Boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_64" title="Commodore 64">Commodore 64</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blip_Festival" title="Blip Festival">Blip Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAGFest" title="MAGFest">MAGFest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8bitpeoples" title="8bitpeoples">8bitpeoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_bending" title="Circuit bending">Circuit bending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitch_(music)" title="Glitch (music)">Glitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demoscene" title="Demoscene">Demoscene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic music</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_genre" title="Music genre">genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_music" title="Ambient music">Ambient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_techno" title="Ambient techno">Ambient techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat" title="Breakbeat">Breakbeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_and_bass" title="Drum and bass">Drum and bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubstep" title="Dubstep">Dubstep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro_(music)" title="Electro (music)">Electro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurobeat" title="Eurobeat">Eurobeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurodance" title="Eurodance">Eurodance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_techno" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardcore techno">Hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi-NRG" title="Hi-NRG">Hi-NRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_music" title="House music">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-pop" title="J-pop">J-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthpop" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthpop">Synthpop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno" title="Techno">Techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trance_music" title="Trance music">Trance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hop" title="Trip hop">Trip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_garage" title="UK garage">UK garage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nerd_music29" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nerd_music" title="Template:Nerd music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nerd_music" title="Template talk:Nerd music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nerd_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nerd music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nerd_music29" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nerd_music" title="Nerd music">Nerd music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiptune" title="Chiptune">Chiptune</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bitpop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skweee" title="Skweee">Skweee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filk_music" title="Filk music">Filk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerd-folk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nerd-folk">Nerd-folk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hip hop</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nerdcore" title="Nerdcore">Nerdcore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rock</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geek_rock" title="Geek rock">Geek rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Time_Lord_rock" title="Time Lord rock">Time Lord rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_rock" title="Wizard rock">Wizard rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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