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you will trample the great lion and the serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/psalms/91.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />You will trample upon lions and cobras; you will crush fierce lions and serpents under your feet!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/psalms/91.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and the adder; the young lion and the serpent you will trample underfoot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/psalms/91.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and cobra; you will trample the young lion and serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/psalms/91.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder: the young lion and the dragon shalt thou trample under feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/psalms/91.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />You shall tread upon the lion and the cobra, The young lion and the serpent you shall trample underfoot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/psalms/91.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />You will walk upon the lion and cobra, You will trample the young lion and the serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/psalms/91.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />You will tread upon the lion and cobra, The young lion and the serpent you will trample down.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/psalms/91.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />You will tread upon the lion and cobra, The young lion and the serpent you will trample down.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/psalms/91.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />You will tread upon the fierce lion and cobra, The young lion and the serpent you will trample down.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/psalms/91.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />You will tread upon the lion and cobra; The young lion and the serpent you will trample underfoot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/psalms/91.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and the cobra; you will trample the young lion and the serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/psalms/91.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and the cobra; you will trample the young lion and the serpent. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/psalms/91.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder: The young lion and the serpent shalt thou trample under foot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/psalms/91.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />You will overpower the strongest lions and the most deadly snakes. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/psalms/91.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder: the young lion and the serpent shalt thou trample under feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/psalms/91.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />You will step on lions and cobras. You will trample young lions and snakes.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/psalms/91.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />You will trample down lions and snakes, fierce lions and poisonous snakes. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/psalms/91.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />You will stomp on lions and snakes; you will trample young lions and serpents.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/psalms/91.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and cobra; you will trample the young lion and serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/psalms/91.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />You will subdue a lion and a snake; you will trample underfoot a young lion and a serpent. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/psalms/91.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />You will tread upon the lion and the viper. You will trample the young lion and the serpent underfoot.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/psalms/91.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder: the young lion and the dragon shalt thou trample under feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/psalms/91.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and cobra. You will trample the young lion and the serpent underfoot. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/psalms/91.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />You tread on lion and cobra, "" You trample young lion and dragon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/psalms/91.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> On lion and asp thou treadest, Thou trampest young lion and dragon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/psalms/91.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Upon the lion and the asp, shalt thou tread: thou shalt tread down the young lion and the dragon.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/psalms/91.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Thou shalt walk upon the asp and the basilisk: and thou shalt trample under foot the lion and the dragon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/psalms/91.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 90:13>You will walk over the asp and the king serpent, and you will trample the lion and the dragon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/psalms/91.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />You can tread upon the asp and the viper, trample the lion and the dragon. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/psalms/91.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />You will tread on the lion and the adder, the young lion and the serpent you will trample under foot.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/psalms/91.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />You shall tread upon the viper and adder; you shall trample under foot the lion and the great serpent.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/psalms/91.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Upon the viper and upon the cockatrice you shall tread, and you shall trample the lion and the dragon.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/psalms/91.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread upon the lion and asp; The young lion and the serpent shalt thou trample under feet.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/psalms/91.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />Thou shalt tread on the asp and basilisk: and thou shalt trample on the lion and dragon.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/psalms/91-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/nFaD2oDhKPc?start=11603" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/psalms/91.htm">My Refuge and Fortress</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">12</span>They will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone. <span class="reftext">13</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1869.htm" title="1869: tiḏ·rōḵ (V-Qal-Imperf-2ms) -- To tread, march. A primitive root; to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow.">You will tread</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/7826.htm" title="7826: ša·ḥal (N-ms) -- A lion. From an unused root probably meaning to roar; a lion.">the lion</a> <a href="/hebrew/6620.htm" title="6620: wā·p̄e·ṯen (Conj-w:: N-ms) -- (a venomous serpent) perhaps cobra. From an unused root meaning to twist; an asp.">and cobra;</a> <a href="/hebrew/7429.htm" title="7429: tir·mōs (V-Qal-Imperf-2ms) -- To trample. A primitive root; to tread upon.">you will trample</a> <a href="/hebrew/3715.htm" title="3715: kə·p̄îr (N-ms) -- Young lion. From kaphar; a village; also a young lion.">the young lion</a> <a href="/hebrew/8577.htm" title="8577: wə·ṯan·nîn (Conj-w:: N-ms) -- Serpent, dragon, sea monster. Or tanniym; intensive from the same as tan; a marine or land monster, i.e. Sea-serpent or jackal.">and serpent.</a> </span><span class="reftext">14</span>“Because he loves Me, I will deliver him; because he knows My name, I will protect him.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/10-19.htm">Luke 10:19</a></span><br />Behold, I have given you authority to tread on snakes and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy. Nothing will harm you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/16-17.htm">Mark 16:17-18</a></span><br />And these signs will accompany those who believe: In My name they will drive out demons; they will speak in new tongues; / they will pick up snakes with their hands, and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not harm them; they will lay their hands on the sick, and they will be made well.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/3-15.htm">Genesis 3:15</a></span><br />And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed. He will crush your head, and you will strike his heel.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/16-20.htm">Romans 16:20</a></span><br />The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/11-8.htm">Isaiah 11:8</a></span><br />The infant will play by the cobra’s den, and the toddler will reach into the viper’s nest.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/job/5-22.htm">Job 5:22-23</a></span><br />You will laugh at destruction and famine, and need not fear the beasts of the earth. / For you will have a covenant with the stones of the field, and the wild animals will be at peace with you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/6-22.htm">Daniel 6:22</a></span><br />My God sent His angel and shut the mouths of the lions. They have not hurt me, for I was found innocent in His sight, and I have done no wrong against you, O king.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/28-3.htm">Acts 28:3-5</a></span><br />Paul gathered a bundle of sticks, and as he laid them on the fire, a viper, driven out by the heat, fastened itself to his hand. / When the islanders saw the creature hanging from his hand, they said to one another, “Surely this man is a murderer. Although he was saved from the sea, Justice has not allowed him to live.” / But Paul shook the creature off into the fire and suffered no ill effects.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/4-6.htm">Matthew 4:6-7</a></span><br />“If You are the Son of God,” he said, “throw Yourself down. For it is written: ‘He will command His angels concerning You, and they will lift You up in their hands, so that You will not strike Your foot against a stone.’” / Jesus replied, “It is also written: ‘Do not put the Lord your God to the test.’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_peter/5-8.htm">1 Peter 5:8</a></span><br />Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/12-9.htm">Revelation 12:9</a></span><br />And the great dragon was hurled down—that ancient serpent called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world. He was hurled to the earth, and his angels with him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/20-2.htm">Revelation 20:2</a></span><br />He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent who is the devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/7-9.htm">Exodus 7:9-12</a></span><br />“When Pharaoh tells you, ‘Perform a miracle,’ you are to say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh,’ and it will become a serpent.” / So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and did just as the LORD had commanded. Aaron threw his staff down before Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a serpent. / But Pharaoh called the wise men and sorcerers and magicians of Egypt, and they also did the same things by their magic arts. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/8-15.htm">Deuteronomy 8:15</a></span><br />He led you through the vast and terrifying wilderness with its venomous snakes and scorpions, a thirsty and waterless land. He brought you water from the rock of flint.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/43-2.htm">Isaiah 43:2</a></span><br />When you pass through the waters, I will be with you; and when you go through the rivers, they will not overwhelm you. When you walk through the fire, you will not be scorched; the flames will not set you ablaze.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">You shall tread on the lion and adder: the young lion and the dragon shall you trample under feet.</p><p class="hdg">tread</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/judges/14-5.htm">Judges 14:5,6</a></b></br> Then went Samson down, and his father and his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and, behold, a young lion roared against him… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/job/5-23.htm">Job 5:23</a></b></br> For thou shalt be in league with the stones of the field: and the beasts of the field shall be at peace with thee.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/17-37.htm">1 Samuel 17:37</a></b></br> David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee.</p><p class="hdg">adder.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/58-4.htm">Psalm 58:4</a></b></br> Their poison <i>is</i> like the poison of a serpent: <i>they are</i> like the deaf adder <i>that</i> stoppeth her ear;</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/mark/16-18.htm">Mark 16:18</a></b></br> They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/acts/28-3.htm">Acts 28:3-6</a></b></br> And when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks, and laid <i>them</i> on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, and fastened on his hand… </p><p class="hdg">the dragon</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/27-1.htm">Isaiah 27:1</a></b></br> In that day the LORD with his sore and great and strong sword shall punish leviathan the piercing serpent, even leviathan that crooked serpent; and he shall slay the dragon that <i>is</i> in the sea.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/12-9.htm">Revelation 12:9</a></b></br> And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/20-1.htm">Revelation 20:1,2</a></b></br> And I saw an angel come down from heaven, having the key of the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/psalms/58-4.htm">Adder</a> <a href="/psalms/58-4.htm">Asp</a> <a href="/psalms/58-4.htm">Cobra</a> <a href="/psalms/91-12.htm">Crushed</a> <a href="/job/7-12.htm">Dragon</a> <a href="/psalms/74-3.htm">Feet</a> <a href="/psalms/91-12.htm">Foot</a> <a href="/psalms/90-11.htm">Great</a> <a href="/psalms/38-8.htm">Lion</a> <a href="/psalms/58-4.htm">Serpent</a> <a href="/psalms/74-14.htm">Snake</a> <a href="/psalms/68-30.htm">Trample</a> <a href="/psalms/60-12.htm">Tread</a> <a href="/micah/6-15.htm">Treadest</a> <a href="/2_kings/9-33.htm">Underfoot</a> <a href="/psalms/89-19.htm">Young</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/psalms/140-3.htm">Adder</a> <a href="/isaiah/11-8.htm">Asp</a> <a href="/isaiah/11-8.htm">Cobra</a> <a href="/psalms/94-5.htm">Crushed</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-1.htm">Dragon</a> <a href="/psalms/99-5.htm">Feet</a> <a href="/psalms/94-18.htm">Foot</a> <a href="/psalms/92-5.htm">Great</a> <a href="/proverbs/19-12.htm">Lion</a> <a href="/psalms/140-3.htm">Serpent</a> <a href="/psalms/140-3.htm">Snake</a> <a href="/psalms/108-13.htm">Trample</a> <a href="/psalms/107-7.htm">Tread</a> <a href="/micah/6-15.htm">Treadest</a> <a href="/psalms/108-13.htm">Underfoot</a> <a href="/psalms/104-21.htm">Young</a><div class="vheading2">Psalm 91</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/91-1.htm">The state of the godly</a></span><br><span class="reftext">3. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/91-3.htm">Their safety</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/91-9.htm">Their habitation</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/91-11.htm">Their servants</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/psalms/91-14.htm">Their friend; with the effects of them all.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/91.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/psalms/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/psalms/91.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>You will tread on the lion and cobra;</b><br>This phrase signifies victory and dominion over dangerous and powerful adversaries. In biblical symbolism, the lion often represents strength and ferocity, while the cobra (or adder) symbolizes hidden dangers and deceit. The imagery of treading upon these creatures suggests triumph over both overt and covert threats. In the ancient Near East, lions were common in the wilderness and were feared predators, while cobras were known for their deadly venom. This promise of protection and victory is consistent with God's assurances to His people throughout Scripture, such as in <a href="/genesis/3-15.htm">Genesis 3:15</a>, where the seed of the woman is prophesied to crush the serpent's head, symbolizing ultimate victory over evil.<p><b>you will trample the young lion and serpent.</b><br>The repetition of the imagery with "young lion" and "serpent" emphasizes the certainty and completeness of the victory. The young lion, being in its prime, represents a formidable challenge, yet the promise is that it will be trampled underfoot. The serpent, often associated with Satan (as seen in <a href="/revelation/12-9.htm">Revelation 12:9</a>), further underscores the theme of overcoming spiritual adversaries. This phrase can be seen as a type of Christ, who, through His death and resurrection, defeated Satan and all powers of darkness. Believers, through their union with Christ, share in this victory, as reflected in passages like <a href="/luke/10-19.htm">Luke 10:19</a>, where Jesus gives His disciples authority to "tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy."<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/l/lion.htm">Lion</a></b><br>Often symbolizes danger, power, and sometimes the devil, as seen in other biblical contexts.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/c/cobra.htm">Cobra</a></b><br>Represents hidden dangers and deceit, often associated with evil or malevolent forces.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/y/young_lion.htm">Young Lion</a></b><br>A symbol of strength and potential threat, indicating a formidable challenge.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/s/serpent.htm">Serpent</a></b><br>Biblically associated with Satan and temptation, as seen in the Genesis account of the Fall.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/p/psalmist.htm">Psalmist</a></b><br>Traditionally attributed to Moses or David, the psalmist speaks of divine protection and victory over evil.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/d/divine_protection.htm">Divine Protection</a></b><br>Believers are assured of God's protection against both visible and hidden dangers.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/s/spiritual_authority.htm">Spiritual Authority</a></b><br>Through faith, Christians have authority over spiritual adversaries, symbolized by the lion and serpent.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/courage_in_faith.htm">Courage in Faith</a></b><br>The imagery of treading on dangerous creatures encourages believers to face challenges with confidence in God's power.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/v/victory_over_evil.htm">Victory Over Evil</a></b><br>The promise of trampling the lion and serpent signifies ultimate victory over evil through Christ.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/v/vigilance_and_prayer.htm">Vigilance and Prayer</a></b><br>While assured of protection, believers are called to remain vigilant and prayerful against spiritual threats.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_psalm_91.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Psalm 91</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/are_pleasant_words_like_a_honeycomb.htm">Can you trample on snakes and scorpions safely?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_do_dragons_fit_with_zoology.htm">How do we reconcile biblical accounts of dragons with modern zoology?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_the_bible_depict_lions'_power.htm">How does the Bible describe lions' strength and power?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_no_proof_of_safe_snake_handling.htm">Luke 10:19 – If authority over snakes and scorpions was literal, why isn’t there consistent historical evidence of Christians demonstrating this without harm? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/psalms/91.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) <span class= "bld">Lion . . . adder . . . young lion.</span>--These are used no doubt, emblematically for the various obstacles, difficulties, and danger which threatens life. (For "adder," see Note, <a href="/psalms/58-4.htm" title="Their poison is like the poison of a serpent: they are like the deaf adder that stops her ear;">Psalm 58:4</a>; "dragon," <a href="/psalms/74-13.htm" title="You did divide the sea by your strength: you brake the heads of the dragons in the waters.">Psalm 74:13</a>.)<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/psalms/91.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 13.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder.</span> Conquered enemies prostrated themselves before their conquerors, who, to mark the completeness of the subjection, placed a foot upon the prostrate form. From this practice the metaphor of "treading under foot" for conquering became a commonplace (see <a href="/psalms/7-5.htm">Psalm 7:5</a>; <a href="/psalms/44-5.htm">Psalm 44:5</a>; <a href="/psalms/55-12.htm">Psalm 55:12</a>, etc.). The "lion" here represents all open and violent foes; the "adder," all secret and malignant ones. <span class="cmt_word">The young lion</span> (<span class="accented">kephir</span>, the lion in the height of his strength) <span class="cmt_word">and the dragon</span> (<span class="accented">tannin</span>, the most dreadful form of serpent) <span class="cmt_word">shalt thou trample under feet.</span> An emphatic repetition, with a certain heightening of the colour. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/psalms/91-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">You will tread</span><br /><span class="heb">תִּדְרֹ֑ךְ</span> <span class="translit">(tiḏ·rōḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1869.htm">Strong's 1869: </a> </span><span class="str2">To tread, to walk, to string a, bow</span><br /><br /><span class="word">on</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the lion</span><br /><span class="heb">שַׁ֣חַל</span> <span class="translit">(ša·ḥal)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7826.htm">Strong's 7826: </a> </span><span class="str2">A lion</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and cobra;</span><br /><span class="heb">וָפֶ֣תֶן</span> <span class="translit">(wā·p̄e·ṯen)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6620.htm">Strong's 6620: </a> </span><span class="str2">(a venomous serpent) perhaps cobra</span><br /><br /><span class="word">you will trample</span><br /><span class="heb">תִּרְמֹ֖ס</span> <span class="translit">(tir·mōs)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7429.htm">Strong's 7429: </a> </span><span class="str2">To tread upon</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the young lion</span><br /><span class="heb">כְּפִ֣יר</span> <span class="translit">(kə·p̄îr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3715.htm">Strong's 3715: </a> </span><span class="str2">A village, a young lion</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and serpent.</span><br /><span class="heb">וְתַנִּֽין׃</span> <span class="translit">(wə·ṯan·nîn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8577.htm">Strong's 8577: </a> </span><span class="str2">A marine, land monster, sea-serpent, jackal</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/psalms/91-13.htm">Psalm 91:13 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/psalms/91-13.htm">OT Poetry: Psalm 91:13 You will tread on the lion (Psalm Ps Psa.) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/psalms/91-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Psalm 91:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Psalm 91:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/psalms/91-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Psalm 91:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Psalm 91:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>