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It is designed to study the physics of strongly interacting matter at extreme energy densities, where a phase of matter called <a href="/science/physics/heavy-ions-and-quark-gluon-plasma">quark-gluon plasma</a> forms.</p> <p>All ordinary matter in today’s universe is made up of atoms. Each atom contains a nucleus composed of protons and neutrons (except hydrogen, which has no neutrons), surrounded by a cloud of electrons. Protons and neutrons are in turn made of quarks bound together by other particles called gluons. No quark has ever been observed in isolation: the quarks, as well as the gluons, seem to be bound permanently together and confined inside composite particles, such as protons and neutrons. This is known as confinement.</p> <p>Collisions in the LHC generate temperatures more than 100 000 times hotter than the centre of the Sun. For part of each year the LHC provides collisions between lead ions, recreating in the laboratory conditions similar to those <a href="/science/physics/early-universe">just after the Big Bang</a>. Under these extreme conditions, protons and neutrons "melt", freeing the quarks from their bonds with the gluons. This is quark-gluon plasma. The existence of such a phase and its properties are key issues in the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), for understanding the phenomenon of confinement, and for a physics problem called chiral-symmetry restoration. The ALICE collaboration studies the quark-gluon plasma as it expands and cools, observing how it progressively gives rise to the particles that constitute the matter of our universe today.</p> <p>The ALICE collaboration uses the 10 000-tonne ALICE <a href="/science/experiments/how-detector-works">detector </a>– 26 m long, 16 m high, and 16 m wide – to study quark-gluon plasma. The detector sits in a vast cavern 56 m below ground close to the village of St Genis-Pouilly in France, receiving beams from the LHC.</p> <p>The collaboration includes almost 2000 scientists from 174 physics institutes in 40 countries (April 2022). For the latest information, see <a href="https://greybook.cern.ch/experiment/detail?id=ALICE">here</a>.</p> <figure><iframe frameborder="0" height="450" src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m0!3m2!1sen!2sch!4v1434634797624!6m8!1m7!1s8VugZaYh_4BFWjYlKHvt8g!2m2!1d46.251492!2d6.020986!3f52.80476683342689!4f-40.78313252127761!5f0.7820865974627469" style="border:0" width="100%"></iframe> <figcaption>Explore the Control Room for the ALICE experiment through Google Street View (Image: Google Street View)</figcaption></figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div class="row cern-footer"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4 col-lg-4 footer-first-col"> <div class="region region-footercolumn1"> <section id="block-followus" class="block block-block-content block-block-content6d2579e3-b650-496f-b854-0c744e176f43 clearfix"> <div class="block-custom-wrapper block-content block-content--type-basic block-content--view-mode-full ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-field-visible-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item"> <p>Follow Us</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p style="font-size:36px; font-family: CERNIcons, CernIcons, cern-icons; display: flex; gap: 10px;"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/cern"><img alt="Facebook icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="5da97013-d976-42e3-aaf3-c2cdf2683c3d" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/Facebook.png" width="40" loading="lazy"> </a> <a href="http://www.instagram.com/cern"> <img alt="Instagram icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="e80bf359-c309-4a5e-ae36-a6d4b950b285" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/Instagram.png" width="40" loading="lazy"> </a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@cern_ontiktok"> <img alt="TikTok icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8fc6b5aa-066e-4eb5-88de-56b61690e174" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/TikTok_0.png" width="40" loading="lazy"></a> <a href="https://x.com/CERN"> <img alt="X icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="f1391fcf-1b27-42d5-9712-2052e2fceee5" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/X.png" width="40" loading="lazy"> </a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/company/cern"> <img alt="LinkedIn icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="8674b1e8-b762-48f5-a649-f251a0eb6ad7" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/LinkedIn.png" width="40" loading="lazy"> </a> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/cerntv"> <img alt="Youtube icon" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="d429f87c-f790-4309-b0be-970374a526f9" height="40" src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/lburdych/Youtube.png" width="40" loading="lazy"></a></p> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://linktr.ee/CERN_official" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">More Social Media Accounts</a></p> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-8 col-lg-8 footer-second-col"> <div class="row">  <div class="col-sm-5 col-md-4 col-md-offset-0 col-lg-4 col-lg-offset-0"> <div class="region region-footercolumn2"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-findusmenu-menu" id="block-findusmenu"> <h2 id="block-findusmenu-menu">Find us</h2> <ul class="menu menu--find-us-menu nav"> <li class="first"> <a href="/contact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/150">Contact us</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/directions" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/153">Getting here</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <section id="block-contactus" class="block block-block-content block-block-content17426485-662a-41e2-b3c6-3e42f882ec6f clearfix"> <div class="block-custom-wrapper block-content block-content--type-basic block-content--view-mode-full ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p> </p> <ul> <li>CERN</li> <li>Esplanade des Particules 1</li> <li>P.O. 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