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Anne Louise Germaine de Staël - Wikiquote

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_l’Allemagne_[Germany]_(1813)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span><i>De l’Allemagne</i> [<i>Germany</i>] (1813)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_l’Allemagne_[Germany]_(1813)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disputed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disputed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Disputed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disputed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Misattributed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Misattributed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Misattributed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Misattributed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotes_about_de_Staël" 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anna_De_Stal" title="Anna De Stal – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anna De Stal" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Ан дьо Стал – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ан дьо Стал" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madame_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madame de Staël – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Madame de Staël" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madame_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madame de Staël – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Madame de Staël" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madamo_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madamo de Staël – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Madamo de Staël" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anne-Louise_Germaine_Necker" title="Anne-Louise Germaine Necker – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anne-Louise Germaine Necker" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikiquote.org/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84" title="مادام دو استائل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مادام دو استائل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C" title="מאדאם דה סטאל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מאדאם דה סטאל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Աննա Ստալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աննա Ստալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madame_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madame de Staël – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Madame de Staël" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="スタール夫人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スタール夫人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madame_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madame de Staël – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Madame de Staël" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Анна де Сталь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анна де Сталь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Madame_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Madame de Staël – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Madame de Staël" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%92%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Госпођа де Стал – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Госпођа де Стал" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anne Louise Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Жермена де Сталь – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жермена де Сталь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikiquote.org/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Germaine de Staël" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q123041#sitelinks-wikiquote" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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href="/wiki/File:Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg/220px-Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg/330px-Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg/440px-Marie_El%C3%A9onore_Godefroid_-_Portrait_of_Mme_de_Sta%C3%ABl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="1923" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a> lies in recognizing the resemblance among things which differ and the difference between things which are alike.</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" class="extiw" title="w:Anne Louise Germaine de Staël">Anne Louise Germaine de Staël</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/April_22" title="April 22">April 22</a>, <a href="/wiki/1766" class="mw-disambig" title="1766">1766</a> – <a href="/wiki/July_14" title="July 14">July 14</a>, <a href="/wiki/1817" class="mw-disambig" title="1817">1817</a>), commonly known as <b>Madame de Staël</b>, was a French-speaking Swiss author living in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and abroad, who determined literary tastes of Europe at the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes">Quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>On cesse de s'aimer si quelqu'un ne nous aime.</i> <ul><li><b>We cease loving <a href="/wiki/Ourselves" class="mw-redirect" title="Ourselves">ourselves</a> if no one loves us.</b></li> <li><i>Sophie, or The Secret Sentiments</i> (<i>Sophie, ou les sentiments secrets</i>, 1790), Act 2, sc. 8</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>L'amour est l'histoire de la vie des femmes; c'est un épisode dans celle des hommes.</i> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> is the whole <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">history</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Woman">woman</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>; it is an episode in a <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a>'s.</b></li> <li><i>A Treatise on the Influence of the Passions</i> (<i>De l'influence des passions</i>, 1796), Section 1, ch. 4</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>The <a href="/wiki/Evil" title="Evil">evil</a> arising from mental improvement can be corrected only by a still further <a href="/wiki/Progress" title="Progress">progress</a> in that very improvement.</b> <b>Either <a href="/wiki/Morality" title="Morality">morality</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Fable" class="mw-redirect" title="Fable">fable</a>, or the more enlightened we are, the more attached to it we become.</b> <ul><li><i>The Influence of Literature upon Society</i> (<i>De la littérature considérée dans ses rapports avec les institutions sociales</i>, 1800), Pt. 2, ch. 4</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>If we would <a href="/wiki/Succeed" class="mw-redirect" title="Succeed">succeed</a> in works of the <a href="/wiki/Imagination" title="Imagination">imagination</a>, we must offer a mild <a href="/wiki/Morality" title="Morality">morality</a> in the midst of rigid <a href="/wiki/Manners" title="Manners">manners</a>; but where the manners are <a href="/wiki/Corrupt" class="mw-redirect" title="Corrupt">corrupt</a>, we must consistently hold up to view an austere morality.</b> <ul><li><i>The Influence of Literature upon Society</i> (1800), Pt. 2, ch. 5</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>One must, in one's <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>, make a <a href="/wiki/Choice" title="Choice">choice</a> between <a href="/wiki/Boredom" title="Boredom">boredom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suffering" title="Suffering">suffering</a>.</b> <ul><li>Letter to Claude Hochet (Summer 1800), quoted in J. Christopher Herold, <i>Mistress to an Age: A Life of Madame de Staël</i> (New York: Grove Press, 1958), p. 223</li> <li>Herold comments: "Her decision was emphatically in favor of suffering, which after all was a <a href="/wiki/Pleasure" title="Pleasure">pleasure</a> compared to boredom." (p. 224)</li> <li>The actual quotation is from a letter from Mme de Staël to Claude Hochet dated October 1, 1800&#160;: «Il faut choisir dans la vie entre l’ennui et le tourment&#160;: je donne l’un et l’hiver l’autre» (Germaine de Staël, <i>Correspondance générale. Tome IV. Première partie. Du directoire au Consulat. 1er décembre 1796-15 décembre 1800</i>, texte établi et présenté par Béatrice W. Jasinski, Paris, Chez Jean-Jacques Pauvert, 1976, xii/337 p., p. 326).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Un homme doit savoir braver l'opinion; une femme s'y soumettre.</i> <ul><li>A man must know how to fly in the face of <a href="/wiki/Opinion" title="Opinion">opinion</a>; a woman to submit to it.</li> <li><i>Delphine</i> (1802), epigraph</li> <li>The epigraph is taken from the writings of de Staël's mother, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzanne_Curchod" class="extiw" title="w:Suzanne Curchod">Suzanne Necker</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>It seems to me that life's circumstances, being ephemeral, teach us less about durable <a href="/wiki/Truths" class="mw-redirect" title="Truths">truths</a> than the <a href="/wiki/Fictions" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictions">fictions</a> based on those truths; and that the best lessons of delicacy and <a href="/wiki/Self" title="Self">self</a>-<a href="/wiki/Respect" title="Respect">respect</a> are to be found in novels where the feelings are so naturally portrayed that you fancy you are witnessing real <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a> as you read.</b> <ul><li><i>Delphine</i> (1802), Preface</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>In matters of the <a href="/wiki/Heart" title="Heart">heart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nothing" class="mw-redirect" title="Nothing">nothing</a> is true except the improbable.</b> <ul><li>Letter to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juliette_R%C3%A9camier" class="extiw" title="w:Juliette Récamier">Juliette Récamier</a> (October 5, 1810), quoted in J. Christopher Herold, <i>Mistress to an Age: A Life of Madame de Staël</i> (New York: Grove Press, 1958), p. 401</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">Superstition</a> attaches to this <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a> to the next; superstition is allied to <a href="/wiki/Fatality" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatality">fatality</a>, and religion to <a href="/wiki/Virtue" title="Virtue">virtue</a>; it is from the <a href="/wiki/Vivacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivacity">vivacity</a> of earthly <a href="/wiki/Desires" class="mw-redirect" title="Desires">desires</a> that we become superstitious, and it is, on the contrary, by the sacrifice of these same desires that we are religious.</b> <ul><li><i>Ten Years' Exile</i> (<i>Dix années d'exil</i>, written 1810–1813, posthumously published 1821), ch. 16</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Life often seems like a long shipwreck, of which the débris are friendship, fame, and love.</b> <ul><li><i>Reflections on Suicide</i> (<i>Réflexions sur le suicide</i>, 1813), Section 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Madame de Staël thought it was <a href="/wiki/Pride" title="Pride">pride</a> in mankind to endeavour to penetrate the <a href="/wiki/Secret" class="mw-redirect" title="Secret">secret</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a>; and speaking of the higher <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">metaphysics</a> she said: "I prefer <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">the Lord's</a> <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a> to it all." <ul><li><i>Sketch of the Life, Character, and Writings of Baroness de Staël-Holstein</i> (1820) by Albertine-Adrienne Necker de Saussure, p. 349; often misquoted as, "I desire no other evidence of the truth of Christianity than the Lord's Prayer."</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Sow <a href="/wiki/Good" class="mw-redirect" title="Good">good</a> services: sweet <a href="/wiki/Remembrances" class="mw-redirect" title="Remembrances">remembrances</a> will <a href="/wiki/Grow" class="mw-redirect" title="Grow">grow</a> from them.</b> <ul><li>Quoted in <i>A Thousand Flashes of French Wit, Wisdom, and Wickedness</i> (1880) collected and translated by J. D. Finod, p. 138</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Men do not <a href="/wiki/Change" title="Change">change</a>; they unmask themselves.</b> <ul><li>Quoted in <i>Invasion of the Party Snatchers&#160;: How the Holy-Rollers and the Neo-Cons Destroyed the GOP</i> (2008) by Victor Gold</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corinne_(1807)"><span id="Corinne_.281807.29"></span><i>Corinne</i> (1807)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Corinne (1807)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg/220px-Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg/330px-Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg/440px-Canova-Psyche_Revived_By_Cupids_Kiss_detail_arm_framing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> is the emblem of <a href="/wiki/Eternity" title="Eternity">eternity</a>; it confounds all notion of <a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>; effaces all <a href="/wiki/Memory" title="Memory">memory</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Beginning" class="mw-redirect" title="Beginning">beginning</a>, all <a href="/wiki/Fear" title="Fear">fear</a> of an <a href="/wiki/End" title="End">end</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Frivolity, under whatever form it appears, deprives attention of its <a href="/wiki/Power" title="Power">power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thought" title="Thought">thought</a> of its originality, and sentiment of its depth.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 1, ch. 3</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tout ce qui est naturel est varié.</i> <ul><li><b>All that is natural is varied</b>.</li> <li>Bk. 1, ch. 4</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>When once enthusiasm has been turned into ridicule, everything is undone except money and power.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 4, ch. 3</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>You do not reach the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sublime_(philosophy)" class="extiw" title="w:sublime (philosophy)">sublime</a> by degrees; the distance between it and the merely beautiful is infinite.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 4, ch. 3</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>La vue d'un tel monument est comme une musique continuelle et fixée, qui vous attend pour vous faire du bien quand vous vous en approchez.</i> <ul><li><b>The <a href="/wiki/Sight" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight">sight</a> of such a <a href="/wiki/Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Monument">monument</a> is like continual and stationary <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, which one hears for one's <a href="/wiki/Good" class="mw-redirect" title="Good">good</a> as one approaches it.</b></li> <li>Bk. 4, ch. 3</li> <li>The idea that "<a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> is frozen music" — an aphorism of disputed origin sometimes misattributed to de Staël — is found in a number of German writers of the period.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>When men do wrong, it is out of hardness; when women do wrong, it is out of weakness.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 6, ch. 3</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">Genius</a> is essentially <a href="/wiki/Creative" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative">creative</a>; it bears the stamp of the <a href="/wiki/Individual" class="mw-redirect" title="Individual">individual</a> who possesses it.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 7, ch. 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> is the emblem of <a href="/wiki/Eternity" title="Eternity">eternity</a>; it confounds all notion of <a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>; effaces all <a href="/wiki/Memory" title="Memory">memory</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Beginning" class="mw-redirect" title="Beginning">beginning</a>, all <a href="/wiki/Fear" title="Fear">fear</a> of an <a href="/wiki/End" title="End">end</a>: we fancy that we have always possessed what we love, so difficult is it to imagine how we could have lived without it.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 8, ch. 2, as translated by Isabel Hill (1833)</li> <li>Variant translation: <b>It is certainly through <a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">love</a> that <a href="/wiki/Eternity" title="Eternity">eternity</a> can be understood; it confuses all thoughts about <a href="/wiki/Time" title="Time">time</a>; it destroys the ideas of <a href="/wiki/Beginning" class="mw-redirect" title="Beginning">beginning</a> and <a href="/wiki/End" title="End">end</a>; one thinks one has always been in love with the person one loves, so difficult is it to conceive that one could live without him.</b> <ul><li>As translated by Sylvia Raphael (1998)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Beauty is one in the universe, and, whatever form it assumes, it always arouses a religious feeling in the hearts of mankind.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 8, ch. 2</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Let us then blend everything: <a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">love</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">genius</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">sunshine</a>, perfume, <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a>.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 10, ch. 5</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> exists only in coldness, <a href="/wiki/Selfishness" title="Selfishness">selfishness</a>, and baseness.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 10, ch. 5</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>A <a href="/wiki/Religious" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious">religious</a> <a href="/wiki/Life" title="Life">life</a> is a struggle and not a <a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">hymn</a>.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 10, ch. 5</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Danger" title="Danger">Danger</a> is like <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>, it goes to your head.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 12, ch. 2</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>O <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>! all bathed with <a href="/wiki/Blood" title="Blood">blood</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tears" title="Tears">tears</a>, yet never <br /> Hast thou ceased putting forth thy <a href="/wiki/Fruit" title="Fruit">fruit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flowers" title="Flowers">flowers</a>.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 13, ch. 4, as translated by <a href="/wiki/Letitia_Elizabeth_Landon" title="Letitia Elizabeth Landon">Letitia Elizabeth Landon</a> for Isabel Hill (1833)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Ought not every woman, like every man, to follow the bent of her own talents?</b> <ul><li>Bk. 14, ch. 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tout comprendre rend très-indulgent.</i> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Understanding" title="Understanding">Understanding</a> <a href="/wiki/All" class="mw-redirect" title="All">everything</a> makes one very indulgent.</b></li> <li>Bk. 18, ch. 5</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Be <a href="/wiki/Happy" class="mw-redirect" title="Happy">happy</a>, but be so by <a href="/wiki/Piety" title="Piety">piety</a>.</b> <ul><li>Bk. 20, ch. 3</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_l’Allemagne_[Germany]_(1813)"><span id="De_l.E2.80.99Allemagne_.5BGermany.5D_.281813.29"></span><i>De l’Allemagne</i> [<i>Germany</i>] (1813)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: De l’Allemagne [Germany] (1813)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Innocence" title="Innocence">Innocence</a> in <a href="/wiki/Genius" title="Genius">genius</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Candor" title="Candor">candor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Power" title="Power">power</a>, are both <a href="/wiki/Noble" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble">noble</a> <a href="/wiki/Qualities" class="mw-redirect" title="Qualities">qualities</a>.</b> <ul><li>Pt. 2, ch. 8</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>There is perhaps too much freedom in <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> to satisfy a certain religious austerity, which may seize upon the man who is overwhelmed by great misfortunes; sometimes even in the habitual course of life, the reality of this world disappears all at once, and we feel ourselves in the middle of its interests as we should <b>at a ball, where we did not hear the <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Dancing">dancing</a> that we saw there would appear insane.</b> <ul><li>Pt. 3, ch. 3, often paraphrased as <i>And those who were seen dancing were thought to be insane by those who could not hear the music.</i><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/06/05/dance-insane/">[1]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>L'esprit consiste à connaître la ressemblance des choses diverses et la différence des choses semblables.</i> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a> lies in recognizing the resemblance among things which differ and the difference between things which are alike.</b></li> <li>Pt. 3, ch. 8</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>La voix de la conscience est si délicate, qu'il est facile d'étouffer; mais elle est si pure, qu'il est impossible de la méconnaître.</i> <ul><li><b>The <a href="/wiki/Voice" title="Voice">voice</a> of <a href="/wiki/Conscience" title="Conscience">conscience</a> is so delicate that it is easy to stifle it; but it is also so clear that it is impossible to mistake it.</b></li> <li>Pt. 3, ch. 13</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>La religion n'est rien si elle n'est pas tout, si l'existence n'en est pas remplie.</i> <ul><li>Religion is nothing, if it is not everything; if existence is not filled with it.</li> <li>Pt. 4, ch. 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>L'admiration pour le beau se rapporte toujours à la Divinité.</i> <ul><li>The admiration of the beautiful always has relation to the Divinity.</li> <li>Pt. 4, ch. 1</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>La recherche de la vérité est la plus noble des occupations, et sa publication un devoir.</i> <ul><li><b>The search for the <a href="/wiki/Truth" title="Truth">truth</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Noblest" class="mw-redirect" title="Noblest">noblest</a> of occupations, and its publication a <a href="/wiki/Duty" title="Duty">duty</a>.</b></li> <li>Pt. 4, ch. 2</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Ces règles ne sont que des barrières pour empêcher les enfants de tomber.</i> <ul><li><b>The <a href="/wiki/Rules" title="Rules">rules</a> are only barriers to keep <a href="/wiki/Children" title="Children">children</a> from falling.</b></li> <li>Pt. 4, ch. 9</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Le sens de ce mot, chez les Grecs, en est la plus noble définition: l'enthousiasme signifie</i> <b> <i>Dieu en nous</i> </b>. <ul><li><b>The sense of this word among the Greeks affords the noblest definition of it; enthusiasm signifies <i>God in us</i>.</b></li> <li>Pt. 4, ch. 10</li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /></p><div style="padding: .5em; border: 1px solid black; background-color: #FCFCCC;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disputed">Disputed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Disputed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Desire" title="Desire">desire</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Man" title="Man">man</a> is for the <a href="/wiki/Woman" class="mw-redirect" title="Woman">woman</a>, but the desire of the woman is for the desire of the man. <ul><li>Sometimes published as an anonymous saying, this was attributed to Bishop <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Wilberforce" class="extiw" title="w:Samuel Wilberforce">Samuel Wilberforce</a> in <i>Is It Nothing To You? Social Purity, A Grave Moral Question</i> (1884) by Henry Rowley, p. 88; to <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a> in "Would You Be Re-elected", <i>Munsey's Magazine</i> (April 1909), p. 769; and to de Staël in <i>Aspects of Western Civilization&#160;: Problems and Sources in History</i> (2003), p. 294</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <p><br /></p><div style="padding: .5em; border: 1px solid black; background-color: #FFE7CC;"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Misattributed">Misattributed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Misattributed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">human</a> <a href="/wiki/Mind" title="Mind">mind</a> always makes <a href="/wiki/Progress" title="Progress">progress</a>, but it is a progress in spirals. <ul><li>Probably a paraphrase of this line from <i>De l’Allemagne</i>, Pt. 3. ch. 10. "Goethe has made a remark upon the perfectability of the human mind, which is full of <a href="/wiki/Sagacity" class="mw-redirect" title="Sagacity">sagacity</a>: It is always advancing, but in a spiral line." Not known from <a href="/wiki/Goethe" class="mw-redirect" title="Goethe">Goethe</a>'s works.</li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes_about_de_Staël"><span id="Quotes_about_de_Sta.C3.ABl"></span>Quotes about de Staël</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Quotes about de Staël"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Feminist literary critics have shown how in the 19th century women writers began to acknowledge women as their muses and their role models...<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Barrett_Browning" title="Elizabeth Barrett Browning">Elizabeth Barrett Browning</a> admired the work of <a href="/wiki/George_Sand" title="George Sand">George Sand</a> and Mme. de Staël, while her work, in its turn, was an inspiration to <a href="/wiki/Emily_Dickinson" title="Emily Dickinson">Emily Dickinson</a>. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Fuller" title="Margaret Fuller">Margaret Fuller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Orne_Jewett" title="Sarah Orne Jewett">Sarah Orne Jewett</a> acknowledged their indebtedness to Mme. de Staël, the author of <i>Corinne</i>...The list could be indefinitely extended to show the almost desperate search of writing women for authoritative female predecessors. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerda_Lerner" title="Gerda Lerner">Gerda Lerner</a> <i>The Creation of Feminist Consciousness</i> (1993)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article about: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Louise_Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Anne Louise Germaine de Staël">Anne Louise Germaine de Staël</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4" align="center" colspan="3"><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_social_and_political_philosophers" class="extiw" title="w:List of social and political philosophers">Social and political philosophers</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_philosophy" class="extiw" title="w:Ancient philosophy">Classic</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Chanakya" title="Chanakya">Chanakya</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a> • <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mozi" title="Mozi">Mozi</a> <a href="/wiki/Laozi" title="Laozi">Laozi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mencius" title="Mencius">Mencius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mozi" title="Mozi">Mozi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> • <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a> • <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca the Younger</a> • <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sun_Tzu" title="Sun Tzu">Sun Tzu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> • <a href="/wiki/Xenophon" title="Xenophon">Xenophon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Xun_Zi" title="Xun Zi">Xun Zi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservative</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Benoist" title="Alain de Benoist">de Benoist</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke" title="Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke">Bolingbroke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bonald" title="Louis de Bonald">Bonald</a> • <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a> • <a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">Burnham</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a> • <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a> • <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Comte</a> • <a href="/wiki/Juan_Donoso_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Juan Donoso Cortés">Cortés</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim" title="Émile Durkheim">Durkheim</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_G%C3%B3mez_D%C3%A1vila" title="Nicolás Gómez Dávila">Dávila</a> • <a href="/wiki/Julius_Evola" title="Julius Evola">Evola</a> • <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Filmer" title="Robert Filmer">Filmer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Galton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gentile" title="Giovanni Gentile">Gentile</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Heidegger</a> • <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried Herder">Herder</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a> • <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hume</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_de_Jouvenel" title="Bertrand de Jouvenel">de Jouvenel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%BCnger" title="Ernst Jünger">Jünger</a> • <a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a> • <a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">von Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nick_Land" title="Nick Land">Land</a> • <a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">de Maistre</a> • <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Mosca" title="Gaetano Mosca">Mosca</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Oakeshott" title="Michael Oakeshott">Oakeshott</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Pareto</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peterson" title="Jordan Peterson">Peterson</a> • <a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carl_Schmitt" title="Carl Schmitt">Schmitt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Taine" title="Hippolyte Taine">Taine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a>&#160;• <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Vico" title="Giambattista Vico">Vico</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Richard_Weaver" title="Richard Weaver">Weaver</a> • <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Yarvin" title="Curtis Yarvin">Yarvin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4"><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberal</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Arendt" title="Hannah Arendt">Arendt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Aron" title="Raymond Aron">Aron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bastiat" title="Frédéric Bastiat">Bastiat</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Beccaria" title="Cesare Beccaria">Beccaria</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bentham" title="Jeremy Bentham">Bentham</a> • <a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_La_Bo%C3%A9tie" title="Étienne de La Boétie">Boétie</a> • <a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Camus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Condorcet" title="Marquis de Condorcet">Condorcet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Dworkin" title="Ronald Dworkin">Dworkin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus" title="Desiderius Erasmus">Erasmus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Franklin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Francis_Fukuyama" title="Francis Fukuyama">Fukuyama</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Hayek</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Jefferson</a> • <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Kant</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">Locke</a> • <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Machiavelli</a> • <a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">Madison</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henry_James_Sumner_Maine" title="Henry James Sumner Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">Mill</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a> • <a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Mises" title="Ludwig von Mises">Mises</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne" title="Michel de Montaigne">Montaigne</a> • <a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche" title="Friedrich Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Nozick</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ortega_y_Gasset" title="José Ortega y Gasset">Ortega</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Popper</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ayn_Rand" title="Ayn Rand">Rand</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Rawls" title="John Rawls">Rawls</a> • <a href="/wiki/Murray_Rothbard" title="Murray Rothbard">Rothbard</a> • <a href="/wiki/Marquis_de_Sade" title="Marquis de Sade">Sade</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georg_Simmel" title="Georg Simmel">Simmel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Smith</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Spencer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Spinoza</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">de Staël</a> • <a href="/wiki/Max_Stirner" title="Max Stirner">Stirner</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville" title="Alexis de Tocqueville">Tocqueville</a> • <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Tucker</a> • <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a> • <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Weber</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mary_Wollstonecraft" title="Mary Wollstonecraft">Wollstonecraft</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4"><a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">Religious</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abu_Hamid_al-Ghazali" title="Abu Hamid al-Ghazali">al-Ghazali</a> • <a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">Calvin</a> • <a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton">Chesterton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dayanand_Saraswati" title="Dayanand Saraswati">Dayananda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoyevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoyevsky">Dostoyevsky</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mircea_Eliade" title="Mircea Eliade">Eliade</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard" title="René Girard">Girard</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Gregory</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Gu%C3%A9non" title="René Guénon">Guénon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_of_Salisbury" title="John of Salisbury">John of Salisbury</a> • <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Jung</a> • <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8ren_Kierkegaard" title="Søren Kierkegaard">Kierkegaard</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leszek_Ko%C5%82akowski" title="Leszek Kołakowski">Kołakowski</a> • <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">Lewis</a> • <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a> • <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a> • <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Malebranche" title="Nicolas Malebranche">Malebranche</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a> • <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_M%C3%BCntzer" title="Thomas Müntzer">Müntzer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Niebuhr" title="Reinhold Niebuhr">Niebuhr</a> • <a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">Ockham</a> • <a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Philo" title="Philo">Philo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Christine_de_Pizan" title="Christine de Pizan">Pizan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Qutb" title="Sayyid Qutb">Qutb</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Radhakrishnan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ali_Shariati" title="Ali Shariati">Shariati</a> • <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Solzhenitsyn" title="Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn">Solzhenitsyn</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)" title="Charles Taylor (philosopher)">Taylor</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Teilhard_de_Chardin" title="Pierre Teilhard de Chardin">Teilhard de Chardin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tertullian" title="Tertullian">Tertullian</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a> • <a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a> • <a href="/wiki/Simone_Weil" title="Simone Weil">Weil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E4F2E4"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialist</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Adorno" title="Theodor Adorno">Adorno</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michel_Aflaq" title="Michel Aflaq">Aflaq</a> • <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Agamben" title="Giorgio Agamben">Agamben</a> • <a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Bakunin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baudrillard" title="Jean Baudrillard">Baudrillard</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Bauman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a> • <a href="/wiki/Judith_Butler" title="Judith Butler">Butler</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a> • <a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">de Beauvoir</a> • <a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Deleuze" title="Gilles Deleuze">Deleuze</a> • <a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">Dewey</a> • <a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a> • <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a> • <a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Foucault</a> • <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Fourier</a> • <a href="/wiki/Erich_Fromm" title="Erich Fromm">Fromm</a> • <a href="/wiki/William_Godwin" title="William Godwin">Godwin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Goldman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a> • <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Habermas" title="Jürgen Habermas">Habermas</a> • <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jack_London" title="Jack London">London</a> • <a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a> • <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a> • <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a> • <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a> • <a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Owen</a> • <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Paine" title="Thomas Paine">Paine</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rorty" title="Richard Rorty">Rorty</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a> • <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a> • <a href="/wiki/B._F._Skinner" title="B. F. Skinner">Skinner</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georges_Sorel" title="Georges Sorel">Sorel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a> • <a href="/wiki/Michael_Walzer" title="Michael Walzer">Walzer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Xiaoping</a> • <a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7d9797f5d‐hdzdz Cached time: 20241119221600 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.076 seconds Real time usage: 0.229 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 205/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7849/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 134/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 14.142 1 -total 24.63% 3.483 1 Template:Social_and_political_philosophers 21.48% 3.038 1 Template:Wikipedia 15.72% 2.223 1 Template:Disputed_end 15.61% 2.207 1 Template:Misattributed_end 11.38% 1.609 1 Template:Disputed_begin 9.91% 1.402 1 Template:Sisterproject 7.85% 1.110 1 Template:Misattributed_begin --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwikiquote:pcache:16736:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241119221600 and revision id 3530478. 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