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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Varieties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varieties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Varieties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varieties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribution and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_the_tree_in_Sri_Lanka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_the_tree_in_Sri_Lanka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History of the tree in Sri Lanka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_the_tree_in_Sri_Lanka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranc%C3%B4ng_bul%C3%B4h" title="Rancông bulôh – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Rancông bulôh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0" title="নাহৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাহৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="নাগেশ্বর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নাগেশ্বর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE" title="सुरंगा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सुरंगा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0" title="नाग केसर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नाग केसर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasari_(tumbuhan)" title="Nagasari (tumbuhan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nagasari (tumbuhan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ನಾಗಸಂಪಿಗೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಾಗಸಂಪಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8F" title="Мезуя – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мезуя" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikrasis_gel%C5%BEmedis" title="Tikrasis gelžmedis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tikrasis gelžmedis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="നാഗകേസരം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാഗകേസരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE" title="नागचाफा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नागचाफा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokok_Penaga_Lilin" title="Pokok Penaga Lilin – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pokok Penaga Lilin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B6%E1%80%B7%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ကံ့ကော်ပင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကံ့ကော်ပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਨਾਗ ਕੇਸਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਾਗ ਕੇਸਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Мезуя железная – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мезуя железная" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="नागकेसरः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नागकेसरः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F" title="නා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautaviiri%C3%B6" title="Rautaviiriö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rautaviiriö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நாகமரம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாகமரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="నాగకేసరి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నాగకేసరి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="บุนนาค – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บุนนาค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%A5p" title="Vấp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vấp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%A8" title="鐵力木 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鐵力木" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%A8" title="铁力木 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铁力木" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2001737#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg/220px-Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg/330px-Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg/440px-Mesua_ferrea_at_Kepong_Botanical_Garden_20230625_111956.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Ceylon ironwood in Selangor, Malaysia. </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Mesua" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malpighiales" title="Malpighiales">Malpighiales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mesua" title="Mesua"><i>Mesua</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>M. ferrea</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Mesua ferrea</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-WorldFloraOnline_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WorldFloraOnline-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><i>Mesua coromandelina</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wight" title="Robert Wight">Wight</a></small><br /><i>Mesua nagassarium</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Burm.f." class="mw-redirect" title="Burm.f.">Burm.f.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Kosterm." class="mw-redirect" title="Kosterm.">Kosterm.</a></small><br /><i>Mesua pedunculata</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wight" title="Robert Wight">Wight</a></small><br /><i>Mesua roxburghii</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wight" title="Robert Wight">Wight</a></small><br /><i>Mesua sclerophylla</i> <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thw.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thw. (page does not exist)">Thw.</a></small><br /><i>Mesua speciosa</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Denys_Choisy" title="Jacques Denys Choisy">Choisy</a></small> <br /><i>Mesua stylosa</i> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Mesua ferrea</b></i>, the <b>Ceylon ironwood</b>, or <b>cobra saffron</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-flowers_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flowers-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a species in the <a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> native to the <a href="/wiki/Indomalayan_realm" title="Indomalayan realm">Indomalayan realm</a>. This slow-growing tree is named after the heaviness and hardness of its <a href="/wiki/Timber" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber">timber</a>. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental for its graceful shape, grayish-green <a href="/wiki/Foliage" class="mw-redirect" title="Foliage">foliage</a> with a beautiful pink to red flush of drooping young leaves, and large, fragrant white flowers. It is the <a href="/wiki/National_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="National tree">national tree</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, as well as the state tree of <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a> and state flower of <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The species was first published in <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>'s book <i><a href="/wiki/Species_Plantarum" title="Species Plantarum">Species Plantarum</a> on page 515 in 1753.<sup id="cite_ref-Powo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Powo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><p><i>Mesua ferrea</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Species_complex" title="Species complex">complex</a> species and had been split into several species and varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A.J.G.H. Kostermans and Gunatilleke et al. call the tree described in this article <i>Mesua nagassarium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kostermans lists several subspecies of <i>Mesua nagassarium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These authors list <i>Mesua ferrea</i> as a separate species, that is endemic to Sri Lanka and is a small, 15 meters high tree that grows near streams and in marshes in the southwest of Sri Lanka, where it is called "Diya Na" in <a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala</a>, meaning "Water Na Tree". This "Diya Na" is not cultivated.<sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gunatilleke et al. (p. 139), however, remark in a footnote: "In the most recent revision <i>diya na</i> is named as <i><a href="/wiki/Mesua_thwaitesii" title="Mesua thwaitesii">Mesua thwaitesii</a></i> and <i>na</i> as <i>Mesua ferrea</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kostermans and Gunatilleke et al. classify <i>Mesua ferrea</i> in the family <a href="/wiki/Clusiaceae" title="Clusiaceae">Clusiaceae</a>, while in the AgroForestryTree Database it is allocated to the <a href="/wiki/Guttiferae" class="mw-redirect" title="Guttiferae">Guttiferae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Powo_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Powo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">World Flora Online</a> it is in the <a href="/wiki/Calophyllaceae" title="Calophyllaceae">Calophyllaceae</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-WorldFloraOnline_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WorldFloraOnline-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varieties">Varieties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Mesua ferrea</i> var. <i>coromandeliana</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Wight) N.P.Singh</span></li> <li><i>Mesua ferrea</i> var. <i>ferrea</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/220px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/330px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/440px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The tree can grow over 30 m (98 ft) tall, often buttressed at the base with a trunk up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) in diameter. The bark of younger trees has an ash grey color with flaky peelings, while of old trees the bark is dark ash-grey with a red-brown blaze. It has simple, opposite, narrow, oblong to lanceolate, blue-grey to dark green leaves that are 7–15 cm (2.8–5.9 in) long and 1.5–3.5 cm (0.59–1.38 in) wide, with a whitish underside. The emerging young leaves are red to yellowish pink and drooping. The branches are slender, terete and glabrous. The bisexual <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a> are 4–7.5 cm (1.6–3.0 in) in diameter, with four white petals and a center of numerous orange yellow stamens. The fruit is an ovoid to globose capsule with one to two seeds.<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is native to wet, tropical parts of Sri Lanka, India, southern <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indochina" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochina">Indochina</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, where it grows in evergreen forests, especially in river valleys. In the eastern Himalayas and <a href="/wiki/Western_Ghats" title="Western Ghats">Western Ghats</a> in India it grows up to elevations of 1,500 m (4,900 ft), while in Sri Lanka up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_the_tree_in_Sri_Lanka">History of the tree in Sri Lanka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History of the tree in Sri Lanka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the dry zone of Sri Lanka, where ironwood trees normally do not grow wild, large, old ironwood trees can be seen around the remains of ancient Buddhist monasteries on rocky hills around <a href="/wiki/Dambulla" title="Dambulla">Dambulla</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Na_Uyana_Aranya" title="Na Uyana Aranya">Na Uyana Aranya</a>, Namal Uyana, Na-golla Aranya, Pidurangala near <a href="/wiki/Sigiriya" title="Sigiriya">Sigiriya</a>, Kaludiya Pokuna near <a href="/wiki/Kandalama" title="Kandalama">Kandalama</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ritigala" title="Ritigala">Ritigala</a>. They are probably the descendants of trees planted as ornamentals in the monasteries in ancient times during the <a href="/wiki/Anuradhapura" title="Anuradhapura">Anuradhapura</a> period. Older trees form suckers or shoots from the base of the trunk, which become new trees when the old trunk falls down; therefore the bases and roots of some ironwood trees in these sites might be very old.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Theravada_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Theravada Buddhism">Theravada Buddhism</a>, this tree is said to have used as the tree for achieved enlightenment, or Bodhi by four <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddhas</a> called "Mangala - මංගල", "Sumana - සුමන", "Revatha - රේවත", and "Sobhitha - සෝභිත". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the English name indicates, the wood of this tree is very heavy, hard and strong. The density is 940 to 1,195 kg/m<sup>3</sup> (59 to 75 lb/ft<sup>3</sup>) at 15% moisture content. The colour is deep dark red. It is hard to saw and is mainly used for railroad ties and heavy structural timber. </p><p>In Sri Lanka the pillars of the 14th century Embekke Shrine near Kandy are made of iron tree wood.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The flowers, leaves, seeds and roots are used as herbal medicines in India, Malaysia, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flowers_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flowers-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in <a href="/wiki/Nag_Champa" class="mw-redirect" title="Nag Champa">nag champa</a> incense sticks. </p><p>In the northeastern state of <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, India, its seeds used to be used for lighting purpose in evening for day to day purpose (while mustard oil for religious and health and culinary purposes) before the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Kerosene" title="Kerosene">kerosene</a> by the British. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 62px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 60px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mesua ferrea leaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png/81px-Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png" decoding="async" width="54" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png/122px-Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png/163px-Mesua_ferrea_leaf.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="1412" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Young leaves and flowers"><img alt="Mesua ferrea - Young leaves and flowers." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Young leaves and flowers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Young leaves and flowers"><img alt="Mesua ferrea - Young leaves and flowers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Young leaves and flowers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Young fruit"><img alt="Mesua ferrea – Young fruit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Young fruit</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ripe fruits"><img alt="Mesua ferrea – Ripe fruits" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ripe fruits</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_timber_trees" title="List of Indian timber trees">List of Indian timber trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagkesar_seed_oil" title="Nagkesar seed oil">Nagkesar seed oil</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WorldFloraOnline-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WorldFloraOnline_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WorldFloraOnline_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0001296121">"<i>Mesua ferrea</i> L."</a> <i>worldfloraonline.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=worldfloraonline.org&rft.atitle=Mesua+ferrea+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldfloraonline.org%2Ftaxon%2Fwfo-0001296121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flowers-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-flowers_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flowers_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Nag%20Kesar.html">"Nag Kesar"</a>. Flowers of India.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nag+Kesar&rft.pub=Flowers+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flowersofindia.net%2Fcatalog%2Fslides%2FNag%2520Kesar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tripuratourism.gov.in/symbol">"State Symbols of Tripura | Tripura Tourism Development Corporation Ltd"</a>. <i>tripuratourism.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biotik.org/india/species/m/mesuferr/mesuferr_en.html">the original</a> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mesua+ferrea+L.+%E2%80%93+Clusiaceae&rft.pub=biotik.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biotik.org%2Findia%2Fspecies%2Fm%2Fmesuferr%2Fmesuferr_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kostermans-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKostermans1980" class="citation book cs1">Kostermans, A.J.G.H. 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Colombo. p. 140. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wht.lk/storage/book_downloads/-Trees%20%20Shrubs.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-06-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNyanatusita" class="citation web cs1">Nyanatusita, Bhikkhu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bps.lk/library_other_publi.php%20">"Forest Monasteries and Meditation Centres in Sri Lanka"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forest+Monasteries+and+Meditation+Centres+in+Sri+Lanka&rft.aulast=Nyanatusita&rft.aufirst=Bhikkhu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bps.lk%2Flibrary_other_publi.php%2520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?navid=978">"Sri Lanka: Embekke"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sri+Lanka%3A+Embekke&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatmirror.com%2Findex.cfm%3Fnavid%3D978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesua_ferrea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mesua_ferrea" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mesua ferrea">Mesua ferrea</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaldecott2006" class="citation book cs1">Caldecott, Todd (2006). <i>Ayurveda: The Divine Science of Life</i>. Elsevier/Mosby. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7234-3410-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7234-3410-7"><bdi>0-7234-3410-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ayurveda%3A+The+Divine+Science+of+Life&rft.pub=Elsevier%2FMosby&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-7234-3410-7&rft.aulast=Caldecott&rft.aufirst=Todd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMesua+ferrea" class="Z3988"></span> Contains a detailed monograph on <i>Mesua ferrea</i> (Nagakeshara) as well as a discussion of health benefits and usage in clinical practice. Available online at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229121750/http://www.toddcaldecott.com/index.php/herbs/learning-herbs/312-nagakeshara">https://web.archive.org/web/20101229121750/http://www.toddcaldecott.com/index.php/herbs/learning-herbs/312-nagakeshara</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312182749/http://www.acs.ac.th/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=239&Itemid=203">Sriracha College: <i>Mesua ferrea</i></a>(in <a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>; numerous photos)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Tripura" title="Template:Tripura"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tripura" title="Template talk:Tripura"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tripura" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tripura"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="x16px&#124;Seal_of_Tripura_State_of_Tripura" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Tripura.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Tripura"><img alt="Seal of Tripura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_Tripura.svg/16px-Seal_of_Tripura.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_Tripura.svg/25px-Seal_of_Tripura.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Seal_of_Tripura.svg/33px-Seal_of_Tripura.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="713" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Agartala" title="Agartala">Agartala</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">State symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Animal</a>: <a href="/wiki/Phayre%27s_leaf_monkey" title="Phayre's leaf monkey">Phayre's leaf monkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a>: <a href="/wiki/Green_imperial_pigeon" title="Green imperial pigeon">Green imperial pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Indian rose chestnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aquilaria_malaccensis" title="Aquilaria malaccensis">Agarwood</a></li> <li>Fruit: <a href="/wiki/Pineapple" title="Pineapple">Pineapple</a></li> <li>Fish: <a href="/wiki/Ompok_bimaculatus" title="Ompok bimaculatus">Butter catfish (Pabda)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Tripura" title="Category:Tripura">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Tripura" title="History of Tripura">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twipra_Kingdom" title="Twipra Kingdom">Twipra Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_(princely_state)" title="Tripura (princely state)">Tripura (princely state)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manikya_dynasty" title="Manikya dynasty">Manikya dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tripuri_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Tripuri Kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Tripura" title="Politics of Tripura">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Tripura" title="Tourism in Tripura">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Tripura" title="Education in Tripura">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Tripura" title="Healthcare in Tripura">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betlingchhip" title="Betlingchhip">Highest point</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Tripura" title="Government of Tripura">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_Legislative_Assembly" title="Tripura Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_Tribal_Areas_Autonomous_District_Council" title="Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council">Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Council (TTAADC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Tripura" title="List of governors of Tripura">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Tripura" title="List of chief ministers of Tripura">Chief Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Tripura" title="Political parties in Tripura">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_Police" title="Tripura Police">Tripura Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Tripura" title="List of districts of Tripura">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhalai_district" title="Dhalai district">Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomati_district" title="Gomati district">Gomati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khowai_district" title="Khowai district">Khowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Tripura_district" title="North Tripura district">North Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipahijala_district" title="Sipahijala district">Sipahijala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tripura_district" title="South Tripura district">South Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unakoti_district" title="Unakoti district">Unakoti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Tripura_district" title="West Tripura district">West Tripura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarpur,_Tripura" title="Amarpur, Tripura">Amarpur, Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhalai">Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khowai" title="Khowai">Khowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teliamura" title="Teliamura">Teliamura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unakoti" title="Unakoti">Unakoti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Tripura" title="Education in Tripura">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agartala_Government_Medical_College" title="Agartala Government Medical College">Agartala Government Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharaja_Bir_Bikram_University" title="Maharaja Bir Bikram University">Maharaja Bir Bikram University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Technology_Agartala" title="National Institute of Technology Agartala">National Institute of Technology Agartala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_University" title="Tripura University">Tripura University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_Medical_College_%26_Dr._B.R._Ambedkar_Memorial_Teaching_Hospital" title="Tripura Medical College & Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital">Tripura Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_Tripura" title="Category:Universities and colleges in Tripura">Colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Schools_in_Tripura" title="Category:Schools in Tripura">Schools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_culture" title="Tripuri culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_cuisine" title="Tripuri cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dances_of_Tripura" title="Dances of Tripura">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_dress" title="Tripuri dress">Dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Tripura" title="Languages of Tripura">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kokborok" title="Kokborok">Kokborok language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokborok_literature" title="Kokborok literature">Kokborok literature</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tripura" title="Music of Tripura">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_instruments_of_Tripura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musical instruments of Tripura (page does not exist)">Musical instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripuri_calendar" title="Tripuri calendar">Tripuri calendar (Tring)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Mesua ferrea</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001737" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q2001737">Q2001737</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Mesua ferrea">Mesua ferrea</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id1150826">1150826</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/428C2">428C2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=7736">7736</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/2889806">2889806</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/MSUFE">MSUFE</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200014256">200014256</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200014256">200014256</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7330039">7330039</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=24194">24194</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/354814">354814</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/428832-1">428832-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=210380">210380</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=531923">531923</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PalDat: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paldat.org/pub/Mesua_ferrea">Mesua_ferrea</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-7801420">tro-7801420</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A428832-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:428832-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicos.org/name/7801420">7801420</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0001296121">wfo-0001296121</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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described in 1753">Plants described in 1753</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxa_named_by_Carl_Linnaeus" title="Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus">Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_%27species%27_microformats" title="Category:Articles with 'species' microformats">Articles with 'species' microformats</a></li><li><a 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