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{color:#fc621f} h2.widgettitle {color:#fc621f;} .relatedcontent {color:#75838b;} #headerfirst{ position: absolute ; _top: -30px; _top:4px; width: 100%; } body{ background: white !important ; _font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",Times,serif; font-family:Lora,"Lora",Times,serif; font-size:14px; font-size:1.4rem; /*use dynamic sizing with a fixed width fallback for <ie9*/ color:black; background-color:white; padding:0; _margin:0; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; max-width:1700px; margin-right:auto; width:100%; } /*body img {height:initial; width:initial;} */ #header{ width: 100%; overflow: visible!important; position: relative; /* padding: 0px; */ height: 125px !important; /* background: url(/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/header_circles.png) scroll no-repeat; */ top: 0px !important; /*left: 2%;*/ } /*put this back in css */ .contentwrapper{ _width:94%; _margin:0px 5% 0 5% ; margin: 12px 7% 0 7%; padding:0px ; z-index:1; /*display:flex; justify-content:space-between; */ } #wrap{background:transparent; margin:0 auto; padding:0; width:100%; color:#414141; padding:0} .l_sidebar{width:15%} .r_sidebar{ width:22%; _min-width:150px; min-width:160px; max-width:345px; float:left; background-color: white; /*background-color:#bdbec2; */ /*:transparent; */ font-size:1.3rem; _margin-top:0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 2px; padding:0 0 0 10px; overflow:visible ; } .da-third-column{overflow:visible !important ;} .middle_sidebar{font-size: 1.4rem; _width:14%; width:17%; min-width:90px; max-width:180px; float:left; background:transparent; margin:.5% .5%; padding:0px .5% 0 1%; _border-right:1px dotted #d1ccbc; min-width:128px; } div.middle_sidebar{ border-left-style: dotted; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-color: #d1ccbc ;} .contentmiddle{ width:54% ; min-width:185px; float:left; margin-top:.4rem; font-size:16px; font-size:1.6rem; /* line-height:15px; line-height:150%; */ _margin-right:5px; _padding-right: 20px; _max-width: 700px; padding-right: 3%; } .contentmiddle h1, .contentmiddle h1 a { text-decoration: none; font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: normal; color: #373731; /* near black */ line-height: 140%; } #headerW {height:100%; width: 100% !important; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display:block;} .l_sidebar a:link,.l_sidebar a:visited, .middle_sidebar a:link, .middle_sidebar a:visited, .r_sidebar a:visited, .r_sidebar a:link{ /*color:#0183B2; old blue*/ color: #394244; font-size: 1.4rem; border-top: 1px solid lightgrey; /*word-spacing: -.3rem; */ } .new_subscription_block { font-family:"Muli", sans-serif ; background: #daf4fc; border-radius: 0rem; margin:4% 5% 4% 5%; padding: 5% 7% 5% 7%; line-height:150%; } .new_subscription_block p{ Font-Family:Lora; font-style:italic;} .new_subscription_block h3, h4 {font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; } .r_sub_con a:visited, .r_sub_con a:link, .new_subscription_block a:visited, .new_subscription_block a:link{ border-top: 0px ;} /* turn off links */ #clearfixheader { clear: both; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin-top: 0px; padding-top:0px; } .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a, .social_li a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: .2rem .8rem !important /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color:#1e3a4a } .social_li li{display:inline; margin-left:10px ;margin-left:1rem; margin-right:10px; margin-right:1rem;} .centerwrap ul {margin: 0px -1% 0px 0%} #navbar{ font-size: 1.6rem; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 400; _text-transform: uppercase; font-weight:bold; z-index:99; /*margin-top, margin-bottom: 0px !important; */ text-alignment:center; height:auto !important; text-align:justify; -ms-text-justify:distribute-all-lines; text-justify:distribute-all-lines; _letter-spacing:-.5px; color:#39AACF; margin-top: 0px; margin-left:0%; _margin-right:7% ; border-radius:0px; _background-color:rgba(118,154,172,.9); background-color:rgba(57, 170, 207, .85); min-width:245px; _width: 86%; width: 100%; } #navbar a{ _font-weight:bold; text-decoration:none; font-weight:bold; padding:0 12px; padding:0 1rem; padding-top: 2px; text-decoration:none; letter-spacing: .1px; color: white; _font-family: Helvetica; _font-family: "Oswald", sans-serif !important; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif font-weight: 600; font-size: 1.55rem; line-height: 2.2rem; padding-top: 3px; } .nav ul, .socmedia ul {text-align:center} /*#nav{list-style-type:none;} */ /* #nav li{display:inline;float:left;list-style-type:none} #nav .stretch { display: inline-block; width: 100%; *display: inline; zoom: 1 } */ /*icons by https://www.entypo.com/*/ .social_li ul li a:link, .social_li ul li a,.social a:link, .social_li li a, .social_li a { padding: 0 .8rem !important; /* this controls how tall & wide socialbuttons are ; remove !important when style.css is consolidated */ color: white; /*#1e3a4a */ } /* might work to space out items more nav li:before { margin-left: 3px} */ #search-old2{ display: inline-block!important; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px; float: none!important; width: 115px!important; font-family: font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman",Times,serif !important; background-color: #1497c2; text-align: left !important; font-weight: normal!important; } #search-old2 form{background:none!important; width:110px; height:100%; margin-top:2px !important; padding:0px} /* this indents widget */ .contentwrapper ul li li{ text-indent: -1.1rem; } .contentwrapper a, a:visited, a:hover{font-size: inherit; } /* 1.6rem; shouldnt this just inherit */ .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul, .r_sidebar ul li { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*shading boxes around ads + contact info*/ .r_sidebar .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{background: #f2f2f2; border-radius: 0rem; } /*#bdbec2 */ .r_adbx_top, .r_sub_con,.r_about_ad{text-align:left; padding: 10px 18px 10px 18px; margin:12px -4px 0px -4px;} .box { border: .2rem solid black; font-size: 4rem; border-radius:2px;} .lightbox {border: .1rem solid grey ;} _colorcontrast {background-color: rgb(224, 224, 224); margin: 0px; border-right: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-left: 9px solid rgb(224, 224, 224); border-radius: 8px;} .tagline { text-align:left ; font-size:13px; font-size:1.3hw; line-height:100%; margin:0; margin-top: 6px; /* color:white !important; */ margin-left:6px; padding:2px; color:#4a7d96; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } #tagline_container{ max-width:335px; width:100%; margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 21px; } _ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:3.5%; margin-right:4.3%;} #ad_logo_wrapper{margin-left:7%; margin-right:4%; margin-top:3px;} #logocontainer{width:auto; float:left; margin-left:0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width:40%; } #big_logo { /* margin-left: 25%; max-width: 7%; transform: scale(8); float: left; width:100%; max-height: 10%; */ } #big_logo{ transform: scale(8); max-height:10%; max-width:325px; float: left !important; text-align: left; width: 100%; } #logo_container { width: 100%; float: left; z-index: -40; /* overflow: visible; */ max-width: 600px; max-height: 200px; min-width: 140px; margin-left: 20px; height: auto; min-height: 40px; margin-top: 0px; _background-image: url(/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/openculture_banner.png); background-size: contain; background-repeat: no-repeat; max-width:80vw;; /*css3 viewport setting */ } .left { /* border: 2px dashed #f0f; */ text-align:left; _min-height:40px; height:auto; _margin-top: 45px; margin-left: 0px; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-stacked-logo-with-stacked-tagline.svg") no-repeat; _background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo-with-tagline.svg") no-repeat; background-size: contain; max-width:600px; min-width:90px; overflow:hidden; _background-position-y:0px; _background-position-x:0px; background-position-x: center !important; background-position-y: center !important; z-index:200; } .right { float: right; _width: 740px; /*min-height: 25px;*/ margin-left: 2.5%; padding-left: 0px; margin-right: 20px ; padding-right:0px; /* border: 2px dashed #00f; */ position:relative; z-index:200; } .top{} .bottom{ background: url("https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/images/open-culture-horizontal-logo.svg") no-repeat; _background-size: contain; background-size: revert-layer; min-height:80px; /* border: 2px dashed green; */ clear:both; padding-top:8px; _margin: 4px 10px 0 10px; _background-position-y: 0px; /* min-height: 65px; */ clear: both; background-position-x: center; background-position-y:center; padding-top: 0px; margin: 2px 1rem 0px 1rem; /* height: 90px; */ _min-height: 110px; } #footerW{ right: 0; left: 0; position: relative; padding: 0; overflow:hidden;} .clear {clear:both;} .logo_clickable { position:absolute; width:100%; height:100%; top:0; left: 0; z-index: 50; _position:absolute; /* fixes overlap error in IE7/8, make sure you have an empty gif */ _background-image: url('empty.gif'); } .socialblock li {top: 2px;} .social-mail a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} .social-mail-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-black.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-facebook-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-rss-black a{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-black.svg) no-repeat} .social-mail a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/mail-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-twitter a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/twitter-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-facebook a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/facebook-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-rss a:hover { background: url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/rss-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .social-search a:hover{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass-hover.svg) no-repeat;} .sb-icon-search :hover {background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} /* override images that we dont want to go to margin */ .contentmiddle img.noexpand, .contentmiddle p img.noexpand, .contentmiddle img[src$="feed-icon16x16139.png"],img[title|="noexpand"], .contentmiddle div.noexpand img, .contentmiddle div.noexpand p img , .begbox img, .ct_comment_info img, ct_this_is_spam img, ct_comment_info div{ width:initial !important; display: block !important; line-height: 100%; } .noexpand img {width:initial !important;} /*this seems to work more reliably than above */ .contentmiddle img.oneXone {width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important;} .contentmiddle img.noexpand.center{display:block !important; } #footer { color: white; width: 100%; /*margin:0 auto; */ margin-bottom:100px; padding:28px 0 0 0px; font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; font-weight:400; clear:both; display:inline-block; } .framearound_ad_in_post{margin: .6rem 0px 2.4rem 0px; height:auto;max-height:120px; width:100%;padding:0px; border: 2px solid #D3D3D3; border-radius:8px;min-height:3rem; } .advertisement_notice{text-align:center; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant:small caps; color: #0183b2;} .begbox{color:white;width:100%;display:inline-block; background: #36b0d8; margin-left: -4px; padding: 0; font-family: Lora, "Lora", Times, serif;font-style:normal} .begbox img { width:250px ; margin: 8px auto} .begbox p, .begbox div {margin: 1em 0px 0 12px} .da_bottom {line-height:10%} .no-framearound_ad_in_post {padding-bottom: 25px; padding-top:15px; width: 100%} img.no-framearound_ad_in_post {width:100%} .responsive_belowheadline_ad{ height: 100%; display:inline-block; width:98%; min-height:70px; max-height:200px; margin-right:4px; padding-bottom: 10px; } /*comment box */ div.cbInner {background: #eaebe8; border-radius:8px ;} div.cbInner h5 {color: #000;} .comments {color:#000:;} /*bullets*/ /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars*/ /*.contentwrapper ul li li, */ .r_sidebar a:link,.r_sidebar a:visited,.r_sidebar a:hover,.middle_sidebar a:link,.middle_sidebar a:visited,.middle_sidebar a:hover{ font-size: 1.4rem; line-height: inherit; } .contentmiddle a:link, .contentwrapper a {text-decoration:none; } .l_sidebar ul li a:hover, .middle_sidebar ul li a:hover, .r_sidebar ul li a:hover, .contentmiddle a:hover { text-decoration:underline} #footer ul li {line-height:130%; list-style:none;} #footer ul li a:link {color:white; font-size:1.6rem; text-decoration:none;} #footer ul li a:hover {text-decoration:underline;} .l_sidebar li a, .r_sidebar li a, .middle_sidebar li a{ /*display:block; */ /*OC-typography.png */ text-decoration:none; padding-left: 1em; /*font-style:italic;*/ font-family:"Muli", sans-serif; _font-style:bold; font-weight:400; color:#394244; } .widgettitle{ _border-top-width: 1px; _border-top-style: dotted; _border-top-color: gray; font-family:"Lora", sans-serif !important; font-weight: 600; _font-size: 1.6rem; line-height: 19px; font-weight: bold; padding: 3px ; margin: 8px 2px 2px 1px !important; /*color: #898477; */ letter-spacing: -.5px; } .widgetbox ul,.widget_categories ul, .widget_archive ul { border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc ; padding-bottom: 30px !important; display:block;} .widgetbox li a, .widget_categories li a, .widget_archive li a {display:block;} .recent_post{ border-bottom: 1px dotted #d1ccbc; padding: 0 0 30px 0px; margin-bottom: 30px; line-height:150%; overflow:hidden; } .noborder, .middle_sidebar.noborder:link, div.noborder a {border-top: 0px white !important;} .contentmiddle ul li a{} /*set chevrons on all widgets don't turn it on for ul li in sidebars* .contentwrapper ul li li,*/ .contentmiddle li, .r_sidebar li, .l_sidebar li, .middle_sidebar li { /* background:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhBQAFALMJANTPvq2ok8rGs8C8qMXBrrKtmLeynufj0+Pezvby4wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAEAAAkALAAAAAAFAAUAQAQQcByCkqQpCQPCKYiBfCESAQA7) no-repeat 0 10px; */ list-style-type:none; zoom:1; margin-left: .8em; zoom: 1; padding-left: .2em; margin-bottom: .3em; line-height:1.9rem; } .contentmiddle ul li li :before , .r_sidebar ul li li :before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, .l_sidebar ul li li :before { /*content: "\25B8"; */ float:left; padding-right:1rem; font-style:normal;} .contentmiddle ul li li li :before {content:none;} .contentmiddle ul li {list-style-type: none; padding-right:.8rem; padding-bottom: .4rem; font-style:normal;} /*set general padding for Ul lists */ .contentwrapper ul { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 10px 0; background:none; } .middle_sidebar ul , .r_sidebar ul , .l_sidebar ul, .contentmiddle ul { background:none; list-style-type:none; } /*titles in widgets*/ .widgettitle, ul.l_sidebar li h2, ul.r_sidebar li h2, ul.middle_sidebar li h2, .middle_sidebar li h2 { font-weight:normal; padding:3px; margin:2px 2px 2px 1px; _font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-family:Lora; color:#fc621f letter-spacing:-.5px; list-style-type:none; background: none !important; font-size: 1.9rem; } .r_sidebar ul {margin-left:-.6rem;} .middle_sidebar ul{ margin-top:1.2rem; margin-left:-1.1rem;} .middle_sidebar ul li {background:none } .contentmiddle li {background: none no-repeat 0 10px; list-style-type:none; zoom:1; /*margin-left: .8rem; */ zoom: 1; padding-left: .2rem; margin-bottom: 0rem; } /* turn off bullets on headers */ .contentwrapper ul {background:none;} /*lists inside lists */ .contentmiddle ul li li {margin-bottom:0rem; margin-left:5rem; list-style-type: none; } .contentwrapper ul {content:"";} .contentmiddle ul li li:before, .contentmiddle ul li:before, .middle_sidebar ul li li :before, /*put right triangle before bullets */ .middle_sidebar ul li li, .r_sidebar ul li li, .l_sidebar ul li li {line-height:inherit;} // Variables @colorBase: #394244; .transition (@prop: all, @time: 1s, @ease: linear) { -webkit-transition: @prop @time @ease; -moz-transition: @prop @time @ease; -o-transition: @prop @time @ease; -ms-transition: @prop @time @ease; transition: @prop @time @ease; } .universal-inline-block { display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline; } /* horizontal buttons */ div .social-icons2 { text-align: center; font-family: "Open Sans"; font-weight: 300; font-size: 1.5em; color: @colorBase; _margin: -2% -8% -2% -14%; } .social-icons2 ul { margin: 0; _padding: 0; list-style-type: none; text-align: center; } .social-icons2 ul li { _padding: 0px 8px 0px 6px; display:inline-block; text-indent:0; margin: 0px -4px 0px -4px;} .social-icons2 ul li a { text-decoration: none; _padding: .1rem .8rem; color: #fff; } .social-icons2-altmargin ul li {padding: 0 20px;} .social-icons2 ul li a:hover{ color: #1497c2; } .margin_left_10 {margin-left:-10px;} .white_background {background-color:white;} .oc-center, .oc-center img { width:100% ; max-width:100% !important; margin:0 auto; display:block; text-align:center;} .oc-center-da, .oc-center-da img, .oc-center-da object, .oc-center-da img { max-width: 100% !important; width: 100% !important; margin:0 auto; display: block; text-align:center;} /*fix expanding captcha refresh */ #fscf_captcha_refresh1 {width: 24px;height: 24px;} .oc-video-container { position: relative; _padding-bottom: 63.25%; padding-bottom:54%; padding-top: 10px; height: 0; } a.mashicon-reddit{background-color: darkred;} /* allow for override of img resizer */ .contentmiddle div.oc-no-resize-center img{ width: inherit !important; margin 0 auto; float:left} /*#footer img{width:inherit!important ;} */ /*footer stuff */ #flexcanvas{ width: 100%; max-width:100%; _height: 600px !important; margin-left: 3px; } .rowParent, .columnParent{ display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: -webkit-flex; display: flex; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-flex-direction: row; -ms-flex-direction: row; flex-direction: row; -webkit-flex-wrap: nowrap; -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap; flex-wrap: nowrap; -webkit-box-pack: start; -webkit-justify-content: flex-start; -ms-flex-pack: start; justify-content: flex-start; -webkit-align-content: stretch; -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch; align-content: stretch; -webkit-box-align: stretch; -webkit-align-items: stretch; -ms-flex-align: stretch; align-items: stretch; } .columnParent{ -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .flexChild{ -webkit-box-flex: 1; -webkit-flex: 1; -ms-flex: 1; flex: 1; -webkit-align-self: auto; -ms-flex-item-align: auto; align-self: auto; margin:1px; font-size:1.3rem; /*border: 1px dotted #d1ccbc */ } .flexChild ul, .flexChild ul li {margin-left:-1.2rem;} .rowChild85696 {padding:1.8rem; margin-bottom:1.4rem} .rowChild9255 {margin:0px;} .minustopbottommargin20{margin-top:-20px !important; margin-bottom:-20px !important;} .minustopbottommargin40{margin-top:-40px !important; margin-bottom:-40px !important;} .minustopmargin20{margin-top:-20px !important;} .minustopmargin40{margin-top:-40px !important;} .curatedcategory ul li { text-decoration: none; list-style-type: none; padding: 0px; margin-left:1.0rem; line-height: 140%;} .curatedcategory ul {margin-left: 1.2rem;} .curatedcategory h2 {margin-left:1.0rem;} .curatedcategory h2 a {font-variant:small-caps;} .contentmiddle ol {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;} .contentmiddle ol li {list-style-type:decimal; font-size:inherit;line-spacing:120%;margin-bottom:.8rem;} input[type=search] { -moz-appearance:none; -webkit-appearance:none; } .sb-search { position: relative; color:#fff; border:none; width: 20px; width: 0%; min-width: 24px; min-height: 2.4rem; float: right; height:100%; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: width 0.3s; -moz-transition: width 0.3s; transition: width 0.6s; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; } .sb-search-input, input[type="search"] { position: absolute; top: -6px; right: 0px; border: none; outline: none; margin-right:24px; width: 100%; height: 88%; min-height:2.5rem; _margin: 8px 2px 8px 2px; z-index: 25; _padding: 4px 65px 4px 20px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.8rem; color: white; background-color:#1497c2; } input[type="search"] {background-color:#1497c2;} .sb-icon-search, .sb-search-submit { display:block; position: absolute; border:none; right: 0; top: 0; float: right; padding: 0; _margin: 0; _line-height: 24px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; background-color:#fff; _background-color:#1497c2; _height:1.9rem; color:white; width: 1.6rem; height: 2.3rem; _margin-top: 6px; } .sb-search-submit { background: #fff; /* IE needs this */ -ms-filter: "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=0)"; /* IE 8 */ filter: alpha(opacity=0); /* IE 5-7 */ opacity: 0; color: transparent; border: none; outline: none; z-index: -1; width: 100%; } /*.sb-icon-search{background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat;} */ .sb-icon-search{ color:white; background:url(//www.openculture.com/wp-content/themes/openculture_v4a/icons/magnifying-glass.svg) no-repeat; background-position-y:center; background-margin-y:4px;} li.search-popout {_display:none; top:.8rem;} .sb-search form {min-height:20px;} input[type=text].sb-search-input,textarea.sb-search-input {background-color:#1497c2; color:#FFF;} #navbar :after {clear:both;} /* fix placeholder color */ ::-webkit-input-placeholder { /* WebKit, Blink, Edge */ color: #fff; } :-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 4 to 18 */ color: #fff; opacity: 1; } ::-moz-placeholder { /* Mozilla Firefox 19+ */ color: #fff; opacity: 1; } :-ms-input-placeholder { /* Internet Explorer 10-11 */ color: #fff; } .sb-search.sb-search-open, .no-js .sb-search { width: 100%; min-width:300px; min-width: 75vw; margin-left: -10vw; overflow:visible;; } .sb-search.sb-search-open .sb-icon-search, .no-js .sb-search .sb-icon-search { z-index: 11; } .sb-search.sb-search-open .sb-search-submit, .no-js .sb-search .sb-search-submit { z-index: 90; } .negativetopmargin50 {margin-top:-50px;} .negativetopmargin40 {margin-top:-40px;} .negativetopmargin20 {margin-top:-20px;} .bulleted, .bulleted ul {list-style-type: disc;} .bulleted ul li, .contentmiddle.p1 ul li, .p1 li, .contentmiddle li,.contentmiddle.p1 ul li,.entry ul li, .entry ul {list-style-type: disc;} #last, .last a, .li a last {color:black !important;} .cli-bar-message {font-family:Lora,"Lora",Times,serif;} .addtoany_shortcode div {margin-top: 14px;} /*Step 5 aesthetic tweaks, including column width changes*/ @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { body { margin-top:1rem !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:1024px) and (min-width:930px){ body { _font-size:88%; margin-top: 15px;} ul li#K-12{display:inline} .contentmiddle{width:54%!important} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:30px !important;} #ad_logo_wrapper { margin-left:.2rem; margin-top: 4rem !important;} #navbar {margin-top: -2rem !important;width:100%;} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin: 0 3% 0 3% !important; width:93% !important;} .contentwrapper {width: 94% !important; margin: 6px 1rem 0 1rem !important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} } @media only screen and (max-width:929px) and (min-width:890px){ #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:2% !important; margin-right:2% !important; width:96% !important;} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:65px !important;} .contentmiddle{width:64% !important;} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:891px) and (min-width:821px){ /* less than 891 px, more than 821, run all three ads */ .contentmiddle{width:64% !important;} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important;} html{margin-top:45px;;} #clearfixheader{ margin-top:60px !important;} /* #wrap{margin-top:100px !important;}*/ /* .left{background: url("/wp-content/themes/openculture_v3a/images/big_white_logo.png") no-repeat !important; min-width:60px !important;} */ #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:1% !important; margin-right:1% !important; width:98% !important;} /*.contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 6px 2% 0 2%!important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} */ } @media only screen and (max-width:814px)and (min-width:740px){ /* less than 820, less than 740, push right sidebar down with wide middle sidebar */ /* this is ipad portrait mode */ /* .r_sidebar{display:none!important} */ html{margin-top:40px;;} .contentmiddle{width:66% !important} .middle_sidebar{width:34% !important} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:2% !important; margin-right:2% !important; width:96% !important;} /*.contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 1.5rem 0rem 0 2rem !important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} */ #clearfixheader{ margin-top:30px !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:739px)and (min-width:569px){ /*ipad portrait =768 */ html{font-size:70%; margin-top:30px !important;} .r_sidebar{display:none!important} .contentmiddle{width:62%!important} .middle_sidebar{width:30% !important} /* .contentwrapper {width:94% !important; margin: 0px 3% 0 3% !important;} */ #navbar {margin-top: 4rem !important;} #clearfixheader { margin-bottom: 2rem !important; margin-top:20px !important;} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:4% !important; margin-right:4% !important; width:96% !important;} /* #wrap{margin-top:20px !important;}*/ .middle_sidebar{border-right:solid 0px #fff!important} .right{float:none !important; margin: 0 auto; text-align:center !important;} } @media only screen and (max-width:568px)and (min-width:536px){ /* iphone 6 landscape */ /*h1{font-size:1.3rem} */ html{font-size:72%; margin-top:40px !important;} .contentmiddle{width:100%!important;} .middle_sidebar{display:none!important;} .r_sidebar{display:none!important} /* #wrap{margin-top:30px !important}}*/ #navbar {margin-top: -1.2rem !important } #clearfixheader { margin-bottom: -1.4rem !important; margin-top:20px !important; } .right{width:100%;float:none !important; margin: 0 auto; text-align:center !important;} #ad_logo_wrapper {margin-left:2% !important; margin-right:2% !important; width:96% !important; } /* .contentwrapper {width:96% !important; margin: 1rem 3% 0 3% !important; _margin: 12px 7% 0 7%;} */ } @media only screen and (max-width:535px){ /* */ /*h1{font-size:1.3rem} */ html{font-size:64%; margin-top:0px !important;} .contentmiddle{width:100%!important;} .middle_sidebar{display:none!important;} .r_sidebar{display:none!important} /* #wrap{margin-top:30px !important}}*/ #navbar {margin-top: 1.8rem !important;} #clearfixheader { margin-bottom: -1rem !important; display: inline-flex; height: 100%; margin-top: 35px !important;;} .bottom {min-height:40px !important;margin-top:14px;} .right{float:none 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class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="1279265463" data-ad-format="auto"></ins><br> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067453" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-quentin-tarantino-steals-from-other-movies-a-video-essay.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to How Quentin Tarantino Steals from Other Movies: A Video Essay"> How Quentin Tarantino Steals from Other Movies: A Video Essay </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/film" rel="category tag">Film</a> </em> | July 31st, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067453" class="post-1067453 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-film"> <p><iframe src="//cdn.jwplayer.com/players/FE7h2lHO-puACk8ZV.html" width="100%" height="400" frameborder="0" scrolling="auto" loading="lazy"></iframe></p> <p>“Good artists copy, great artists steal,” goes a line we often attribute to Pablo Picasso — even those of us who know little of Picasso’s work and nothing of the work from which he may or may not have stolen. Quentin Tarantino’s version of the line adds another observation about great artists: “They don’t do homages.” The director of <em>Reservoir Dogs</em>, <em>Pulp Fiction</em>, and <em>Jackie Brown</em> may well have spoken those words in frustration, the frustration of having his every picture described as an “homage” to some element or other of cinema history. He puts it more bluntly: “I steal from every single movie ever made.” A bold claim, to be sure, but if anyone is likely to have seen every film ever made, surely it’s him.</p> <p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYM_ZRjPD-A">“How Quentin Tarantino Steals from Other Movies,”</a> the INSIDER video essay above, surveys the range of his cinematic sources, from <em>The Searchers</em> to<em> The Warriors</em>, <em>Band of Outsiders </em>to <em>City on Fire</em>, <em>Metropolis</em> to <em>The Flintstones</em>.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>In each of his ten features so far, Tarantino has bundled all this material into packages describable most succinctly with the adjective <em>Tarantinoesque</em>, which <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/10/lynchian-kubrickian-tarantinoesque-100-film-words-added-oxford-english-dictionary.html">the <em>Oxford English Dictionary</em> defines</a> as “characterized by graphic and stylized violence, non-linear storylines, cineliterate references, satirical themes, and sharp dialogue.” Tarantino’s latest film <em>Once Upon a Time… in Hollywood</em> (subject of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjSJteUu20c">its own INSIDER video essay</a>) exhibits all those qualities, and both critical and audience response so far suggests that we have yet to tire of the Tarantinoesque.</p> <p>How has Tarantino’s cinematic sensibility, practically textbook in its postmodernism, worn so well? As this video’s narrator puts it, Tarantino “never steals from one source. He rather steals from multiple sources spanning decades, and then stitches them together to create something new,” fortifying the process with his strong understanding of the source material (honed during his pre-fame days as a video-store clerk) and his “unique vision and writing.” Roger Ebert once <a href="https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/dogville-2004">wrote of Lars Von Trier</a>, another notable filmmaker of Tarantino’s generation, that “he takes chances, and that’s rare in a world where most films seem to have been banged together out of other films.” But Tarantino takes his chances precisely by making films out of other films, and as even his detractors have to admit, it’s paid off so far.</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/09/the-films-of-quentin-tarantino-watch-video-essays-on-pulp-fiction-reservoir-dogs-kill-bill-more.html">The Films of Quentin Tarantino: Watch Video Essays on <em>Pulp Fiction</em>, <em>Reservoir Dogs</em>, <em>Kill Bill</em> & More</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2013/12/quentin-tarantino-tells-you-about-the-actors-directors-who-provided-the-inspiration-for-reservoir-dogs.html">Quentin Tarantino Tells You About The Actors & Directors Who Provided the Inspiration for “Reservoir Dogs”</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2017/07/does-quentin-tarantinos-first-film-reservoir-dogs-hold-up-25-years-later-a-video-essay.html">Does Quentin Tarantino’s First Film, <em>Reservoir Dogs</em>, Hold Up 25 Years Later?: A Video Essay</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2017/05/how-famous-paintings-inspired-cinematic-shots-in-films.html">How Famous Paintings Inspired Cinematic Shots in the Films of Tarantino, Gilliam, Hitchcock & More: A Big Supercut</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/10/lynchian-kubrickian-tarantinoesque-100-film-words-added-oxford-english-dictionary.html">“Lynchian,” “Kubrickian,” “Tarantinoesque” and 100+ Film Words Have Been Added to the Oxford English Dictionary</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcasts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a>, on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>, or on <a href="https://www.instagram.com/colinmarshallseoul/">Instagram</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-quentin-tarantino-steals-from-other-movies-a-video-essay.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-quentin-tarantino-steals-from-other-movies-a-video-essay.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-quentin-tarantino-steals-from-other-movies-a-video-essay.html#comments">3</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067446" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/an-introduction-to-chilean-poet-pablo-neruda.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to An Introduction to Chilean Poet Pablo Neruda: Romantic, Radical & Revolutionary"> An Introduction to Chilean Poet Pablo Neruda: Romantic, Radical & Revolutionary </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/literature" rel="category tag">Literature</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/poetry" rel="category tag">Poetry</a> </em> | July 31st, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067446" class="post-1067446 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-literature category-poetry"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/sogJXiaBM8Q?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen loading="lazy"></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Does politics belong in art? The question arouses heated debate about creative freedom and moral responsibility. Assumptions include the idea that politics cheapens film, music, or literature, or that political art should abandon traditional ideas about beauty and technique. As engaging as such discussions might be in the abstract, they mean little to nothing if they don’t account for artists who show us that choosing between politics and art can be as much a false dilemma as choosing between art and love.</p> <p>In the work of writers as varied as William Blake, Muriel Rukeyser, James Baldwin, and James Joyce, for example, themes of protest, power, privilege, and poverty are inseparable from the sublimely erotic—all of them essential aspects of human experience, and hence, of literature. Foremost among such political artists stands Chilean poet <a href="https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/pablo-neruda">Pablo Neruda</a>, who—as the TED-Ed video above from Ilan Stavans informs us—was a romantic stylist, and also a fearless political activist and revolutionary.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Neruda won the<a href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1971/neruda/biographical/"> Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971</a>, and, among his many other literary accomplishments, he “rescued 2,000 refugees, spent three years in political exile, and ran for president of Chile.” Neruda used “straightforward language and everyday experience to create lasting impact.” He began his career writing odes and love poems filled with candid sexuality and sensuous description that resonated with readers around the world.</p> <p>Neruda’s international fame led to a series of diplomatic posts, and he eventually landed in Spain, where he served as consul in the mid-1930s during the Spanish Civil War. He became a committed communist, and helped relocate hundreds of fleeing Spaniards to Chile. Neruda came to believe that “the work of art” is “inseparable from historical and political context,” <a href="https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/pablo-neruda">writes author Salvatore Bizzarro</a>, and he “felt that the belief that one could write solely for eternity was romantic posturing.”</p> <p>Yet his lifelong devotion to “revolutionary ideals,” as Stavans says, did not undermine his devotion to poetry, nor did it blinker his writing with what we might call political correctness. Instead, Neruda became more expansive, taking on such subjects as the “entire history of Latin America” in his 1950 epic <a href="https://amzn.to/2GDscVB"><em>Canto General</em>.</a></p> <p>Neruda died of cancer just weeks after fascist dictator Augusto Pinochet seized power from elected president Salvador Allende in 1973. Today, he remains a beloved figure for activists, his lines “recited at protests and marches worldwide.” And he remains a literary giant, respected, admired, and adored worldwide for work in which he engaged the struggles of the people with the same passionate intensity and imaginative breadth he brought to personal poems of love, loss, and desire.</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/06/pablo-nerudas-historic-first-reading-in-the-us-1966.html">Pablo Neruda’s Historic First Reading in the US (1966)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/03/pablo-nerudas-poem-the-me-bird-becomes-a-short-beautifully-animated-film.html">Pablo Neruda’s Poem, “The Me Bird,” Becomes a Short, Beautifully Animated Film</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/11/the-lost-poems-of-pablo-neruda.html">The Lost Poems of Pablo Neruda: Help Bring Them to the English Speaking World for the First Time</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/09/hear-pablo-neruda-read-his-work-in-english-for-the-first-time.html">Hear Pablo Neruda Read His Poetry In English For the First Time, Days Before His Nobel Prize Acceptance (1971)</a></p> <p><em><a href="http://about.me/jonesjoshua">Josh Jones</a> is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at <a href="https://twitter.com/jdmagness">@jdmagness</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/jdavidjones" title="Posts by Josh Jones" rel="author">Josh Jones</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/an-introduction-to-chilean-poet-pablo-neruda.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/an-introduction-to-chilean-poet-pablo-neruda.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/an-introduction-to-chilean-poet-pablo-neruda.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067465" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/david-bowie-picks-his-12-favorite-david-bowie-songs-listen-to-them-online.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to David Bowie Picks His 12 Favorite David Bowie Songs: Listen to Them Online"> David Bowie Picks His 12 Favorite David Bowie Songs: Listen to Them Online </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a> </em> | July 31st, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067465" class="post-1067465 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-music"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/AZKcl4-tcuo?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark&list=PLcmaziH9sW6MieHDB7IPT8ZhwbMiOH9G8" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen loading="lazy"></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Admit it, your list of favorite Bowie songs is full of the big hits. Hell, maybe it’s all hits; there’s no shame in that. Digging deep into the crates will yield many an overlooked surprise, many a subtle sleeper, cut-up classic, and electronic experiment. But if all you’ve got is <a href="https://amzn.to/2LSbZQM"><em>Changesbowie</em></a>—the 1990 compilation that became, for some generations, a definitive statement of his career—you’ve still got a collection of songs the likes of which have never been heard before or since in modern pop.</p> <p>Completists may grouch, but even resident Bowie scholars/local record store clerks have an “Ashes to Ashes,” “’Heroes’,” “Changes,” or “Modern Love” in their top ten. Whether ardent or casual fans, we connect with Bowie’s music through milestones, both in his career and in our own lives. This truth has been exploited. In 2008, Mike Schiller at <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/iselect-mw0000799179">Popmatters</a> bemoaned the fact that almost 20 Bowie compilation albums had been released, a few of which “don’t really seem to court any greater purpose whatsoever.”</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Given this surfeit of Bowie compilations on the market, Schiller’s initial groaning reaction to news of yet another (“Oh, good Lord. Another David Bowie collection?”) seems apposite. Except this collection, <a href="https://amzn.to/2K7TXI9"><em>iSELECT: BOWIE</em></a>, released in 2008 to readers of the U.K.’s <em>Mail on Sunday</em>, then later in an <a href="https://amzn.to/2K7TXI9">official CD</a> <a href="https://amzn.to/2K7TXI9">and digital edition</a>, “is actually something special.” Bowie “picked the tracklist himself. Even more than that, the tracklist actually <em>looks </em>like something he’d have picked himself, rather than having a manager or publicist pick it for him.”</p> <blockquote><p><em><strong>iSELECT: BOWIE </strong></em><br> 1. “Life On Mars?” (from the album <em>Hunky Dory</em>)<br> 2. “Sweet Thing/Candidate/Sweet Thing” (from the album <em>Diamond Dogs</em>)<br> 3. “The Bewlay Brothers” (from the album <em>Hunky Dory</em>)<br> 4. “Lady Grinning Soul” (from the album <em><a id="auto-tag_aladdin-sane" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/t/aladdin-sane/" tag="aladdin-sane" rel="nofollow">Aladdin Sane</a></em>)<br> 5. “Win” (from the album <em>Young Americans</em>)<br> 6. “Some Are” (currently exclusive to this compilation)<br> 7. “Teenage Wildlife” (from the album <em>Scary Monsters</em>)<br> 8. “Repetition” (from the album <em>Lodger</em>)<br> 9. “Fantastic Voyage” (from the album <em>Lodger</em>)<br> 10. “Loving The Alien” (from the album <em>Tonight</em>)<br> 11. “Time Will Crawl (MM Remix)” (new remix by David Bowie)<br> 12. “Hang On To Yourself [live]” (from the album <em>Live Santa Monica ’72</em>)</p></blockquote> <p>See the full tracklist above and hear a playlist of his picks at the top. If we put all our lists of favorites together, we might see a very high percentage of “Life on Mars?” picks. We’re in excellent company; it’s Bowie’s number one favorite song of his. But how many of his other picks might we choose? The eight-and-a-half minute “Sweet Thing”/”Candidate”/”Sweet Thing (Reprise)” from <em>Diamond Dogs</em>? “Win” from <em>Young Americans </em>or “The Bewlay Brothers” from <em>Hunky Dory</em>?</p> <p>Aside from “Life on Mars?” and the far lesser-collected “Loving the Alien” and “Time Will Crawl,” none of his twelve selections were released as singles. There are no songs from two of the most acclaimed Bowie albums, <em>Low </em>and <em>’Heroes’</em>, unless we count “Some Are” a bonus track included on the <em>Low </em>1991 rerelease. There are two tracks from <em>Lodger</em>, the third and least accessible of his vaunted Berlin trilogy, and only one selection from <em>Ziggy Stardust, </em>and it ain’t “Ziggy Stardust.”</p> <p>If anyone else handed you this list of favorite Bowie tracks, you’d be skeptical. Who puts “Hang On to Yourself” (Live in Santa Monica ’72) above any of the studio tracks on that classic 1972 breakout album? David Bowie, that’s who. And who knows, if you’d asked him the day before or after, he might have picked twelve different songs. There’s no telling how seriously he took the exercise, but in the newspaper release, he did “casually [pen] his inspirations for the songs and the recording processes behind them,” notes <a href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/iselect-mw0000799179">Allmusic’s Jason Lymangrover</a>.</p> <p>On his choice of “Teenage Wildlife,” for example, Bowie commented: “So it’s late morning and I’m thinking, ‘New song and a fresh approach. I know. I’m going to do a Ronnie Spector. Oh yes I am. Ersatz just for one day.’ And I did and here it is. Bless. I’m still very enamoured of this song and would give you two ‘Modern Love’s for it anytime…” Bowie got to experience his own music in a way no one else could. <em><a href="https://amzn.to/2K7TXI9">iSELECT: BOWIE</a> </em>gets behind the greatest hits collections for a glimpse at the way he heard and remembered his catalogue.</p> <p>via <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/david-bowie-selects-his-favorite-songs-for-pay-version-of-free-comp-244619/"><em>Rolling Stone</em></a></p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/05/how-david-bowie-used-william-s-burroughs-cut-up-method-to-write-his-unforgettable-lyrics.html">How David Bowie Used William S. Burroughs’ Cut-Up Method to Write His Unforgettable Lyrics</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/01/the-david-bowie-is-exhibition-is-now-available-as-an-augmented-reality-mobile-app.html">The “David Bowie Is” Exhibition Is Now Available as an Augmented Reality Mobile App That’s Narrated by Gary Oldman: For David Bowie’s Birthday Today</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/06/how-david-bowie-delivered-his-two-most-famous-farewells.html">How David Bowie Delivered His Two Most Famous Farewells: As Ziggy Stardust in 1973, and at the End of His Life in 2016</a></p> <p><a href="http://about.me/jonesjoshua"><em>Josh Jones</em></a><em> is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at <a href="https://twitter.com/jdmagness">@jdmagness</a></em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/jdavidjones" title="Posts by Josh Jones" rel="author">Josh Jones</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/david-bowie-picks-his-12-favorite-david-bowie-songs-listen-to-them-online.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/david-bowie-picks-his-12-favorite-david-bowie-songs-listen-to-them-online.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/david-bowie-picks-his-12-favorite-david-bowie-songs-listen-to-them-online.html#comments">5</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067437" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/pink-floyd-plays-live-amidst-the-ruins-of-pompeii.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Watch Pink Floyd Play Live Amidst the Ruins of Pompeii in 1971 … and David Gilmour Does It Again in 2016"> Watch Pink Floyd Play Live Amidst the Ruins of Pompeii in 1971 … and David Gilmour Does It Again in 2016 </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a> </em> | July 30th, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067437" class="post-1067437 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-music"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/y-E7_VHLvkE?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Pink Floyd is one of few bands in rock history who could play the ruins of Pompeii without seeming to overreach, but it wasn’t their idea to put on a concert for Roman ghosts in 1971, the year before they recorded their magnum opus <a href="https://amzn.to/2Yov7f5"><em>Dark Side of the Moon</em></a>. <a href="http://www.brain-damage.co.uk/other-related-interviews/adrian-maben-live-at-pompeii-2003-with-brain-d.html">According to the director Adrian Maben</a>, who <a href="https://amzn.to/2K4ykse">filmed the performance</a> in the ancient necropolis, he decided upon the location after losing his passport during a holiday in Italy in 1971. He wandered Pompeii alone in search of it and had an epiphany.</p> <blockquote><p><em>It was strange. A huge deserted amphitheater filled with echoing insect sounds, flying bats and the disappearing light which meant that I could hardly see the opposite side of this huge structure built more than two thousand years ago.</em></p> <p><em>I knew by instinct that this was the place for the film. It <strong>had</strong> to be here.</em></p></blockquote> <p>Making creative decisions from a chance encounter with echoes and shadows was, nonetheless, fully in keeping with the band’s process. Despite their decision to write accessible lyrics fitting together under a loose concept for their current album, serendipity and chance operations had always played critical roles in the composition of their post-Syd Barrett soundscapes, and became integral to <em>Dark Side</em>’s creation.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>As David Gilmour <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nQ1f7Vasrv8C&pg=PA54&lpg=PA54&dq=alan+di+perna+%22shine+on%22+guitar+world&source=bl&ots=ZpftTGYh_q&sig=ACfU3U2wdvZb7oXi7CGOogqFvJTUBGgssg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjh4Pb75dvjAhUPU98KHSqcAVoQ6AEwAXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=alan%20di%20perna%20%22shine%20on%22%20guitar%20world&f=false">told <em>Guitar World</em>’s Alan Di Perna</a>, early experiments like “Saucerful of Secrets” (inspired by “weird shapes” drawn by Roger Waters and Nick Mason) gave rise to “Atom Heart Mother” and <em>Meddle</em>’s “Echoes,” which the band played in two parts at the beginning and end of <a href="https://amzn.to/2K4ykse">the Pompeii concert film</a>. These songs, Gilmour says, “all lead logically to <em>Dark Side of the Moon</em>.”</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/CiXNIjGX1hY?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p><br> And they led through Pompeii, where the band was first “unleashed on film,” as one theatrical poster put it, before they were unleashed on thousands of new fans after <a href="https://amzn.to/2Yov7f5"><em>Dark Side</em></a>’s release in December. Where <a href="https://amzn.to/2K4ykse">the filmed concert</a> highlighted the band’s mastery of experimental space rock, the album brought this sensibility under the discipline of Roger Waters’ sharp songwriting and Gilmour’s stunning guitar playing and arranging.</p> <p>Though he is modest about it, Gilmour’s contributions came increasingly to define the band’s massive sound in the early 70s. His role, as he told Di Perna, was “to help create a balance between formlessness and structure, disharmony and harmony.” He was, <a href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-guitarists-153675/david-gilmour-2-158663/">writes <em>Rolling Stone</em></a>, “a fiery, blues-based soloist in a band that hardly ever played the blues,” but he was just as “adept at droning avant-garde improv,” “Chic-like flourishes,” and “floating, dreamy textures,” all qualities ensuring that Pink Floyd’s music rose to the level of their creative ambitions.</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/LTseTg48568?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>So when Gilmour returned to Pompeii in 2016, without his Pink Floyd band members, to play the first live public concert the city’s amphitheater had seen in almost 2000 years—and the only laser light show it had ever seen—the performance didn’t seem like overreach at all. Above, see him play “Shine on You Crazy Diamond” and “Comfortably Numb” with a full backing band (including Chuck Leavell on keyboards, singing Roger Waters’ parts on the latter song). The massive stage show and huge, smartphone-toting audience makes this footage more arena rock show than the performance art of the original concert film, but the grandeur of the music, and Gilmour’s soaring solos, still justifies the grandeur of the setting.</p> <p>You can purchase online the Director’s cut of <a href="https://amzn.to/2K4ykse"><em>Pink Floyd — Live at Pompeii.</em></a></p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/10/pink-floyds-comfortably-numb-born-argument-roger-waters-david-gilmour.html">How Pink Floyd’s “Comfortably Numb” Was Born From an Argument Between Roger Waters & David Gilmour</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/04/pink-floyds-wish-you-were-here-with-stephane-grappelli.html">Hear Lost Recording of Pink Floyd Playing with Jazz Violinist Stéphane Grappelli on “Wish You Were Here”</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2017/09/when-pink-floyd-tried-to-make-an-album-with-household-objects.html">When Pink Floyd Tried to Make an Album with Household Objects: Hear Two Surviving Tracks Made with Wine Glasses & Rubber Bands</a></p> <p><a href="http://about.me/jonesjoshua"><i>Josh Jones</i></a><i> is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at <a href="https://twitter.com/jdmagness">@jdmagness</a></i></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/jdavidjones" title="Posts by Josh Jones" rel="author">Josh Jones</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/pink-floyd-plays-live-amidst-the-ruins-of-pompeii.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/pink-floyd-plays-live-amidst-the-ruins-of-pompeii.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/pink-floyd-plays-live-amidst-the-ruins-of-pompeii.html#comments">3</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067418" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-ladies-gentlemen-got-dressed-in-the-18th-century-it-was-a-pretty-involved-process.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to How Ladies & Gentlemen Got Dressed in the 18th Century: It Was a Pretty Involved Process"> How Ladies & Gentlemen Got Dressed in the 18th Century: It Was a Pretty Involved Process </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/fashion" rel="category tag">Fashion</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a> </em> | July 30th, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067418" class="post-1067418 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-fashion category-history"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/fpS4B5oMhgo?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>We can identify most of the last few centuries by their styles of clothes. But it’s one thing to know what people wore in history and quite another to know how, exactly, they wore it. We’ve previously featured videos that accurately re-enact the whole process of of <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/12/getting-dressed-during-world-war-i.html">how soldiers and nurses dressed in World War I</a>, and <a style="font-size: 13pt;" href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/05/how-women-got-dressed-in-the-14th-18th-centuries.html">how women got dressed in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries</a>. Today we go back again to the eighteenth century with two videos from <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCctldDS3O60WAR3pxdv-5Ag">National Museums Liverpool</a>, one that shows us <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpS4B5oMhgo">how European gentlemen got dressed in those days</a>, and another that shows us <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpnwWP3fOSA">how ladies did</a>.</p> <p>One obvious way in which dressing points to changes over the past few hundred years: both the gentleman and the lady require the assistance of a servant. The gentleman begins his day wearing his long linen nightshirt and a wrapper over it, Japan- and India-inspired garments, the narrator tells us, that “reflect British interests abroad.”</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>To replace them comes first a voluminous, usually ruffled shirt; over-the-knee stockings held in place with breech kneebands; occasion-appropriate shoe buckles and cufflinks; optional linen underdrawers; many-buttoned and buckled knee breeches; a waistcoat (whose top few buttons remain open to reveal the shirt’s ruffles); a linen cravat; a buckled stock; a coat on top of the waistcoat; and of course, a freshly-dusted wig.</p> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/UpnwWP3fOSA?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Getting clothes on for a day in the eighteenth century was even more complicated for ladies than for gentlemen, as evidenced by the fact that its video requires two additional minutes to show every step involved. We begin with the shift, an undergarment worn without knickers. Like the gentleman, the lady wears over-the-knee stockings, but she ties them with ribbon garters (at least for days not involving much dancing). Over that, “a knee-length white linen petticoat worn for warmth and modesty,” and over that, a stay made using whale baleen. Pockets were added in the form of bags worn at the hips, but bags known to get lost if their ties came undone — hence the nursery rhyme <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_Locket">“Lucy Locket lost her pocket.”</a></p> <p>Proper eighteenth-century female dress also required petticoats of various kinds, a kerchief, a stomacher (often highly decorated), more petticoats, a gown, a linen apron (with a bib pinned into position, hence “pinafore”), a day cap, and then another apron that “serves no purpose other than to indicate the fine status of the individual wearing it.” Conspicuous consumption mattered even back then, but so did the painstaking creation of the ideal female figure, or at least the impression thereof. Not only do these videos show us just the kind of clothing that would have been worn for that purpose and how it would have been put on, they also show us highly plausible attitudes projected by dressed and dresser alike: the former one of faintly bored expectation, and the latter one of resigned industriousness tinged with the suspicion that all this can’t last forever.</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/12/getting-dressed-during-world-war-i.html">Getting Dressed During World War I: A Fascinating Look at How Soldiers, Nursers & Others Dressed During the Great War</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/05/how-women-got-dressed-in-the-14th-18th-centuries.html">How Women Got Dressed in the 14th & 18th Centuries: Watch the Very Painstaking Process Get Cinematically Recreated</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2016/09/the-sights-sounds-of-18th-century-paris-get-recreated-with-3d-audio-and-animation.html">The Sights & Sounds of 18th Century Paris Get Recreated with 3D Audio and Animation</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/12/the-dresser-the-contraption-that-makes-getting-dressed-an-adventure.html">The Dresser: The Contraption That Makes Getting Dressed an Adventure</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/11/make-wear-medieval-armor-depth-primer.html">How to Make and Wear Medieval Armor: An In-Depth Primer</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcasts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a>, on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>, or on <a href="https://www.instagram.com/colinmarshallseoul/">Instagram</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-ladies-gentlemen-got-dressed-in-the-18th-century-it-was-a-pretty-involved-process.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-ladies-gentlemen-got-dressed-in-the-18th-century-it-was-a-pretty-involved-process.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/how-ladies-gentlemen-got-dressed-in-the-18th-century-it-was-a-pretty-involved-process.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067408" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/the-therapeutic-benefits-of-ambient-music.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to The Therapeutic Benefits of Ambient Music: Science Shows How It Eases Chronic Anxiety, Physical Pain, and ICU-Related Trauma"> The Therapeutic Benefits of Ambient Music: Science Shows How It Eases Chronic Anxiety, Physical Pain, and ICU-Related Trauma </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/health" rel="category tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/music" rel="category tag">Music</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/neuroscience" rel="category tag">Neuroscience</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/psychology" rel="category tag">Psychology</a> </em> | July 30th, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067408" class="post-1067408 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-health category-music category-neuroscience category-psychology"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/I7pZV1kZi_w?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>“In forty years of medical practice,” <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/06/oliver-sacks-promotes-the-healing-properties-of-gardens.html">wrote</a> Dr. Oliver Sacks near the end of his famous career, “I have found only two types of non-pharmaceutical ‘therapy’ to be vitally important for patients with chronic neurological diseases: music and gardens.” The comment might not surprise us, coming from such an unorthodox thinker as Sacks. But we might be surprised by the considerable amount of traditional scientific research linking music and mental health.</p> <p>Sixty years ago, when Sacks was still in medical school, avant-garde jazz bandleader Sun Ra had a very Sacks-like experience when he <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/09/sun-ra-plays-a-music-therapy-gig-at-a-mental-hospital-inspires-patient-to-talk-for-the-first-time-in-years.html">played for an audience of patients</a> in a mental hospital, and inspired a catatonic woman who hadn’t spoken for years to stand up and say ‘Do you call that <em>music</em>?’” The gig, booked by his manager, constituted a fringe experiment in alternative medicine at the time, not a serious subject of study among medical doctors and neuroscientists.</p> <p>How things have changed in the last half-century.</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>Several recent studies, for example, have linked drumming, the oldest and most universal form of music-making, to <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/01/the-health-benefits-of-drumming.html">reduced anxiety, pain relief, improved mood</a>, and <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/10/blondie-drummer-clem-burke-scientific-researchers-show-drumming-can-help-kids-autism-learn-effectively-school.html">improved learning skills in kids with autism</a>. Listening to and playing jazz and other forms of syncopated music, have been shown in study after study to promote creativity, enhance math skills, and support mental and emotional well-being.</p> <p>But what about ambient music, a genre often characterized by its lack of syncopation, and almost certain to feature as background music in guided meditation and stress reduction recordings; in slow, relaxing yoga videos; and thousands of YouTube videos promoting supposedly stress-reducing frequencies and stereo effects? Ambient seems purpose-built to combat tension and dis-ease, and in a sense, it was.</p> <p>Brian Eno, the artist who named the genre and often gets credit for its invention, wrote in the liner notes to <a href="https://amzn.to/2SR95wa"><em>Ambient 1: Music for Airports</em></a>, “[this record is] designed to induce calm and space to think.” Whether he meant to make a scientific claim or only an artistic statement of purpose, research has validated his inferences about the salutary effects of long, slow, atmospheric music.</p> <p>Noisey Associate Editor Ryan Bassil, a longtime sufferer of anxiety and panic attacks, found the statement to be true in his own life, as he explains in the video above (illustrated by Nathan Cowdry). Music from ambient composers like Eno, William Bassinski, and Fennesz helped him “ground” himself during extremely anxious moments, bringing him back into sensory contact with the present.</p> <p>When Bassil <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/6azn7a/ambient-music-isnt-boring-it-changed-my-life">looked into the reasons </a>why ambient music had such a calming effect on his over-stimulated nervous system, he found research from artist and academic <a href="http://www.lukejaaniste.com/">Luke Jaaniste</a>, who described an “ambient mode,” a “pervasive all-around field, without anything being prioritized into foreground and background.” Immersion in this space, writes Bassil, “can help the listener put aside what’s on their mind and use their senses to focus on their surroundings.”</p> <p><iframe loading="lazy" frameborder="no" height="300" scrolling="no" src="https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/294128763&color=%23ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true&visual=true" width="100%"></iframe></p> <p>We may not—and should not—ask music to be a useful tool, but ambient has shown itself particularly so when treating serious neurological and psychological conditions. Forensic psychiatrist <a href="https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/news-and-features/blogs/detail/cultural-blog/2017/09/21/instrumental-and-ambient-music">Dr. John Tully</a> of London’s Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience traces the form back to Bach and Chopin, and especially Erik Satie, who “was the first to express the idea of music specifically as background sound,” and who had no qualms about music serving a specialized purpose.</p> <p>The purpose of what we broadly call ambient has evolved and changed as classical, minimalist avant-garde, and electronic musicians have penned compositions for very different audiences. But no matter the intent, or where we draw the genre boundaries, all kinds of atmospheric, instrumental music has the therapeutic power not only to reduce anxiety, but also to <a href="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ambient-music-eases-pain/">ease pain in surgical patients</a> and <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065612/">reduce agitation</a> in those suffering with dementia.</p> <p>When he performed with his group Darkroom at the Critical Care Unit at University College London Hospital, writer and psychologist Charles Fernyhough <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-ambient-music-can-help-ease-the-trauma-of-the-icu">found</a> <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-ambient-music-can-help-ease-the-trauma-of-the-icu">out</a> that ambient music had significant benefits for patients trapped in what he calls “a suburb of hell”: the ICU. Stays in intensive care units correlate closely with later PTSD and what was once called “ICU psychosis” in the midst of traumatic emergency room experiences. Sedation turns out to be a major culprit. But music, especially ambient music, brought patients back to themselves.</p> <p>Hear the 2016 Darkroom performance at the University College London Hospital ICU further up, and r<a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-ambient-music-can-help-ease-the-trauma-of-the-icu">ead more about Fernyhough’s research and performance at</a> <a href="https://aeon.co/essays/how-ambient-music-can-help-ease-the-trauma-of-the-icu">Aeon</a>. The science of how and why ambient works the way it does is hardly settled. Where Fernyhough found that patients benefited from a lack of predictability and an ability to “escape the present moment,” Bassil’s research and experience uncovered the opposite—a sense of safe predictability and enhanced sensory awareness.</p> <p>Physiological responses from person to person will vary, as will their tastes. “One person’s easy listening is another’s aural poison,” Fernyhough admits. But for a significant number of people suffering severe anxiety and trauma, the droning, minimal, wordless soundscapes of ambient are more effective than any medication.</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/01/the-true-story-of-how-brian-eno-invented-ambient-music.html">The “True” Story Of How Brian Eno Invented Ambient Music</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/05/50-best-ambient-albums-time-playlist-curated-pitchfork.html">The 50 Best Ambient Albums of All Time: A Playlist Curated by Pitchfork</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2017/04/stream-72-hours-of-ambient-sounds-from-blade-runner.html">Stream 72 Hours of Ambient Sounds from Blade Runner: Relax, Go to Sleep in a Dystopian Future</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/01/the-health-benefits-of-drumming.html">The Health Benefits of Drumming: Less Stress, Lower Blood Pressure, Pain Relief, and Altered States of Consciousness</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/04/why-do-sad-people-like-to-listen-to-sad-music.html">Why Do Sad People Like to Listen to Sad Music? Psychologists Answer the Question in Two Studies</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/12/this-is-your-brain-on-jazz-improvisation-the-neuroscience-of-creativity.html">This is Your Brain on Jazz Improvisation: The Neuroscience of Creativity</a></p> <p><em><a href="http://about.me/jonesjoshua">Josh Jones</a> is a writer and musician based in Durham, NC. Follow him at <a href="https://twitter.com/jdmagness">@jdmagness</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/jdavidjones" title="Posts by Josh Jones" rel="author">Josh Jones</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/the-therapeutic-benefits-of-ambient-music.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/the-therapeutic-benefits-of-ambient-music.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/the-therapeutic-benefits-of-ambient-music.html#comments">1</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067376" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/behold-color-photographs-taken-during-the-aftermath-of-san-franciscos-devastating-1906-earthquake.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Behold Color Photographs Taken During the Aftermath of San Francisco’s Devastating 1906 Earthquake"> Behold Color Photographs Taken During the Aftermath of San Francisco’s Devastating 1906 Earthquake </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/history" rel="category tag">History</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/photography-2" rel="category tag">Photography</a> </em> | July 29th, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067376" class="post-1067376 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-history category-photography-2"> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067388 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1200" height="1142" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195335/SFquake1-e1564378983746.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067388" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195335/SFquake1-e1564378983746.jpg" alt width="1200" height="1142"></noscript></p> <p>If a city has been around long enough, it will more than likely have suffered some sort of catastrophically destructive event: the Great Fire of London in 1666, the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the Great Kantō earthquake that devastated Tokyo in 1923. Most of their names, come to think of it, include the word “great,” though not every source refers to <a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/events/1906calif/18april/">San Francisco’s 1906 earthquake</a> that way. Not, of course, to minimize its destructiveness: with a force that would measure 7.8 on the Richter scale, the earthquake ultimately destroyed 80 percent of the city — about 25,000 buildings, with lost property equivalent to $11.2 billion in today’s dollars — and killed 3,000 people.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067389 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1200" height="1200" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195351/SFquake2-e1564378972192.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067389" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195351/SFquake2-e1564378972192.jpg" alt width="1200" height="1200"></noscript></p> <p>Six months after the disaster, an inventor named <a href="https://www.invent.org/inductees/frederic-eugene-ives">Frederick Eugene Ives</a> arrived to document the still-fresh aftermath of the disaster. He had in hand something called a brr, a 3D color camera he designed himself. Its “system of mirrors and filters behind each lens split and filtered the light to create one pair of slides for each primary color of light (red, green, blue).</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>The slides were bound together in a special order with cloth tapes into a package known as a Krőmgram,” viewable only with a <a href="http://notesonphotographs.eastmanhouse.org/index.php?title=Kromscop" rel="nofollow">Krőmscőp</a>, “the apparatus used to rebuild the image allowing the viewer to see in three-dimensional color.”</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067390 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1200" height="1147" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195410/SFquake3-e1564378961610.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067390" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195410/SFquake3-e1564378961610.jpg" alt width="1200" height="1147"></noscript></p> <p>Anthony Brooks discovered Ives’ Krőmgrams of San Francisco in ruins only in 2009, <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8372825/Colour-photographs-of-Great-Quake-unearthed.html" rel="nofollow">reports the <em>Telegraph</em></a>. Most of its pictures were taken <span style="font-size: 13pt;">from a hotel rooftop, and “</span><span style="font-size: 13pt;">although hand-colored photographs of the quake’s destruction have surfaced before, Ives’ work is probably the only true color documentary evidence.” Such images would have astonished any contemporary viewer, not just for the devastation they showed but the lifelike color and depth with which they rendered it. And yet the Photochromoscope system never caught on, Brooks writes: “</span>The <a href="http://bioscopic.wordpress.com/2008/01/12/colourful-stories-no-2-the-kromskop/">Krőmscőp viewers</a> were expensive ($50 in 1907 or about $1000 today adjusting for inflation), required strong sunlight or arc light for viewing, and were technically complex to use, despite Ives’ assertions to the contrary.”</p> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067391 native-lazyload-js-fallback" src="https://www.openculture.com/wp-content/plugins/native-lazyload/assets/images/placeholder.svg" alt width="1200" height="1135" data-src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195429/SFquake4-e1564378950895.jpg"><noscript><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1067391" src="https://cdn8.openculture.com/2019/07/28195429/SFquake4-e1564378950895.jpg" alt width="1200" height="1135"></noscript></p> <p>But even though few probably saw these pictures in the early 20th century, Ives was hardly forgotten in the realm of photography. The recipient of several major scientific and engineering awards in his lifetime, he left behind such more widely adopted inventions as one of the several varieties of “halftone process” that allowed photographs to be reproduced in newspapers — just as newspapers around the country did after the earthquake struck, combining them with headlines like “WATER FRONT BURNS ALMOST TO THE FERRY,” “3,000 PEOPLE ARE HOMELESS,” and “SAN FRANCISCO ANNIHILATED.” But H.G. Wells, who was on a visit to the United States at the time, sensed more of a sanguinity in the Americans around him: “There is no doubt anywhere that San Francisco can be rebuilt, larger, better, and soon.”</p> <p><a href="https://mashable.com/2014/10/03/san-francisco-earthquake-color-photos/">via Mashable</a></p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/05/see-footage-of-san-francisco-right-before-after-the-massively-devastating-earthquake-of-1906.html">Dramatic Footage of San Francisco Right Before & After the Massively Devastating Earthquake of 1906</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2016/08/rome-comes-to-life-in-photochrom-color-photos-taken-in-1890.html">Rome Comes to Life in Photochrom Color Photos Taken in 1890: The Colosseum, Trevi Fountain & More</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2019/05/181-years-of-street-photography.html">Take a Visual Journey Through 181 Years of Street Photography (1838–2019)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2015/11/beautiful-color-photographs-of-paris-taken-100-years-ago.html">Beautiful, Color Photographs of Paris Taken 100 Years Ago—at the Beginning of World War I & the End of <em>La Belle Époque</em></a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2016/08/the-very-first-color-photograph-1861.html">Behold the Very First Color Photograph (1861): Taken by Scottish Physicist (and Poet!) James Clerk Maxwell</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2010/01/voltaire_on_the_lisbon_earthquake_of_1755.html">Voltaire & the Lisbon Earthquake of 1755</a></p> <p><em>Based in Seoul, <a href="http://blog.colinmarshall.org/">Colin Marshall</a> writes and broadcasts on cities, language, and culture. His projects include the book </em>The Stateless City: a Walk through 21st-Century Los Angeles <em>and the video series </em><a href="https://vimeo.com/channels/thecityincinema">The City in Cinema</a><em>. Follow him on Twitter at <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/colinmarshall">@colinmarshall</a>, on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/colinmarshallessayist">Facebook</a>, or on <a href="https://www.instagram.com/colinmarshallseoul/">Instagram</a>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/cjmarshall" title="Posts by Colin Marshall" rel="author">Colin Marshall</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/behold-color-photographs-taken-during-the-aftermath-of-san-franciscos-devastating-1906-earthquake.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/behold-color-photographs-taken-during-the-aftermath-of-san-franciscos-devastating-1906-earthquake.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/behold-color-photographs-taken-during-the-aftermath-of-san-franciscos-devastating-1906-earthquake.html#comments">1</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="recent_post"> <h1 id="post-1067373" ><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/sir-ian-mckellen-reads-kurt-vonneguts-letter-to-high-school-students-make-art-and-make-your-soul-grow.html" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Sir Ian McKellen Reads Kurt Vonnegut’s Letter to High School Students: Make Art and “Make Your Soul Grow”"> Sir Ian McKellen Reads Kurt Vonnegut’s Letter to High School Students: Make Art and “Make Your Soul Grow” </a></h1> <p class="byline">in <em class="postcategory"> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/creativity-2" rel="category tag">Creativity</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/letters" rel="category tag">Letters</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/life" rel="category tag">Life</a>, <a href="https://www.openculture.com/category/theater" rel="category tag">Theatre</a> </em> | July 29th, 2019 </p> <div id="framearound_ad_in_post" style="margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display: block;" data-ad-client="ca-pub-1184791463292965" data-ad-slot="4261585863" data-ad-format="link"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> <div class="recent_post_text"> <div id="post-1067373" class="post-1067373 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-creativity-2 category-letters category-life category-theater"> <div class="oc-video-wrapper"> <div class="oc-video-container"> <span class="youtube"><iframe loading="lazy" title="YouTube video player" class="youtube-player" type="text/html" width="640" height="505" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Fh9tMqpH8nc?wmode=transparent&fs=1&hl=en&showsearch=0&rel=0&theme=dark" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></span> </div> <p>  </p></div> <p></p> <p>Author <a href="https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/kurt-biography/" rel="nofollow">Kurt Vonnegut</a> was possessed of a <a href="https://youtu.be/4_RUgnC1lm8?t=489">droll, unsentimental public speaking style</a>. A son of Indianapolis, he never lost his <a href="http://hoosierese.blogspot.com/2008/07/hoosier-dialect-speech.html" rel="nofollow">Hoosier accent</a>, despite lengthy stints in <a href="https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/MSADA-AUGUST-Vonnegut-single-pages.pdf">Cape Cod</a> and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/nyregion/thecity/22vonn.html">New York City</a>.</p> <p>Actor <a href="http://www.mckellen.com/life/index.htm">Ian McKellen,</a> on the other hand, exudes warmth. He’s a charmer who tells a story with a twinkle in his eye, altering his voice and facial expressions to heighten the effect. (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VavIcYEQZs">Check out his Maggie Smith</a>.) Vocal training has only enhanced his beautiful instrument. (He can make <a href="http://www.openculture.com/2011/10/sir_ian_mckellen_reads_manual_for_changing_tires_in_dramatic_voice.html">a tire repair manual sound like Shakespeare</a>.)</p> <div class="oc-center-da"> <div data-fuse="22871471544"></div> </div> <p>These two lions may have come at their respective crafts from different angles, but Sir Ian did Vonnegut proud, above, as part of <a href="http://celebration%20of%20the%20enduring%20power%20of%20literary%20correspondence">Letters Live</a>, an ongoing celebration of the enduring power of literary correspondence.</p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2014/04/kurt-vonnegut-urges-young-people-to-make-art-and-make-your-soul-grow.html">The letter in question</a> was penned the year before Vonnegut’s death, in reply to five students at a <a href="http://www.xavierhs.org/s/81/rd16/start.aspx" rel="nofollow">Jesuit high school in New York City</a>, regretfully declining their invitation to visit.</p> <p>Instead, he gave them two assignments.</p> <p>One was fairly universal, the sort of thing one might encounter in a commencement address: make art and in so doing, learn about life, and yourself.</p> <p>The other was more concrete:</p> <blockquote><p><em>Write a 6 line rhyming poem</em></p> <p><em>Don’t show it or recite it to anyone.</em></p> <p><em>Tear it up into little pieces</em></p> <p><em>Discard the pieces in widely separated trash receptacles</em></p></blockquote> <p>Why?</p> <p>A chance for Xavier High School’s all male student body to air romantic feelings without fear of  discovery or rejection?</p> <p>Mayhaps, but the true purpose of the second assignment is encapsulated in the first—to “experience becoming” through a creative act.</p> <p>This notion clearly strikes a chord with Sir Ian, 17 years younger than Vonnegut but by the time of the  2016 performance, closing in on the iguana-like age Vonnegut had been when he wrote the letter.</p> <p>Should we attribute the quiver on the closing line to acting or genuine emotion on Sir Ian’s part?</p> <p>Either way, it’s a lovely rendition.</p> <blockquote><p><em>November 5, 2006</em></p> <p><em>Dear Xavier High School, and Ms. Lockwood, and Messrs Perin, McFeely, Batten, Maurer and Congiusta:</em></p> <p><em>I thank you for your friendly letters. You sure know how to cheer up a really old geezer (84) in his sunset years. I don’t make public appearances any more because I now resemble nothing so much as an iguana. </em></p> <p><em>What I had to say to you, moreover, would not take long, to wit: Practice any art, music, singing, dancing, acting, drawing, painting, sculpting, poetry, fiction, essays, reportage, no matter how well or badly, not to get money and fame, but to experience becoming, to find out what’s inside you, to make your soul grow.</em></p> <p><em>Seriously! I mean starting right now, do art and do it for the rest of your lives. Draw a funny or nice picture of Ms. Lockwood, and give it to her. Dance home after school, and sing in the shower and on and on. Make a face in your mashed potatoes. Pretend you’re Count Dracula.</em></p> <p><em>Here’s an assignment for tonight, and I hope Ms. Lockwood will flunk you if you don’t do it: Write a six line poem, about anything, but rhymed. No fair tennis without a net. Make it as good as you possibly can. But don’t tell anybody what you’re doing. Don’t show it or recite it to anybody, not even your girlfriend or parents or whatever, or Ms. Lockwood. OK?</em></p> <p><em>Tear it up into teeny-weeny pieces, and discard them into widely separated trash recepticals. You will find that you have already been gloriously rewarded for your poem. You have experienced becoming, learned a lot more about what’s inside you, and you have made your soul grow.</em></p> <p><em>God bless you all!</em></p> <p><em>Kurt Vonnegut</em></p></blockquote> <p>(Ian McKellen’s other Letters Live performance is <a href="http://letterslive.com/letter/letter-to-mama/" rel="nofollow">a fictional coming out letter from Armistead Maupin’s <em>Tales of the City</em></a>, from a gay character to his Anita Bryant-supporting parents.)</p> <p><strong>Related Content:</strong></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2016/07/in-1988-kurt-vonnegut-gives-seven-pieces-advice-to-people-living-in-2088.html">In 1988, Kurt Vonnegut Writes a Letter to People Living in 2088, Giving 7 Pieces of Advice</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/12/why-should-we-read-kurt-vonnegut.html">Why Should We Read Kurt Vonnegut? An Animated Video Makes the Case</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.openculture.com/2018/07/kurt-vonnegut-offers-8-tips-write-good-short-stories-plus-graphs.html">Kurt Vonnegut Offers 8 Tips on How to Write Good Short Stories (and Amusingly Graphs the Shapes Those Stories Can Take)</a></p> <p><a href="http://ayunhalliday.com/"><em>Ayun Halliday </em></a><em>is an author, illustrator, theater maker and Chief Primatologist of </em><a href="http://ayunhalliday.com/the-east-village-inky/" rel="nofollow"><em>the East Village Inky</em></a><em>zine.  Join her in NYC on Monday, September 9 for another season of her book-based variety show, </em><a href="http://www.theater-of-the-apes.com/current-productions/necromancers-public-domain/"><em>Necromancers of the Public Domain</em></a><em>. Follow her </em><a href="https://www.instagram.com/ayun_halliday/"><em>@AyunHalliday</em></a><em>.</em></p> <div class="alignleft"> <p class="author"> by <a href="https://www.openculture.com/author/ayunh" title="Posts by Ayun Halliday" rel="author">Ayun Halliday</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/sir-ian-mckellen-reads-kurt-vonneguts-letter-to-high-school-students-make-art-and-make-your-soul-grow.html" title="Permalink">Permalink</a> | <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/sir-ian-mckellen-reads-kurt-vonneguts-letter-to-high-school-students-make-art-and-make-your-soul-grow.html#respond" title="Make a comment">Make a Comment</a> ( <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/sir-ian-mckellen-reads-kurt-vonneguts-letter-to-high-school-students-make-art-and-make-your-soul-grow.html#respond">None</a> ) | </p>   </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cleared"></div> <a href="https://www.openculture.com/2019/07/page/2" >More in this category... »</a> </div>  <div class="middle_sidebar"> <ul id="middle_sidebarwidgeted"> <li id="execphp-431254483" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Essentials</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeonlinecourses">1,700 Free Online Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-certificate-programs">200 Online Certificate Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/online-degrees">100+ Online Degree & Mini-Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freemoviesonline">1,150 Free Movies</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freeaudiobooks">1,000 Free Audio Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/great-podcasts">150+ Best Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_ebooks">800 Free eBooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_textbooks">200 Free Textbooks</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/freelanguagelessons">300 Free Language Lessons</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/business_free_courses">150 Free Business Courses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources">Free K-12 Education</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/dailyemail">Get Our Daily Email</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254506" class="widget widget_execphp"><h2 class="widgettitle">Support Us</h2> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox noborder"> <br> We're hoping to rely on loyal readers, rather than erratic ads. 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Lessons</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources#YouTube">Quality YouTube Channels</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources#TeacherRef">Teacher Resources</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources#TestPrep">Test Prep</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/free_k-12_educational_resources">All Free Kids Resources</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254492" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Free Art & Images</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2016/05/1-8-million-free-works-of-art-from-world-class-museums-a-meta-list.html">All Art Images & Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/05/the-met-puts-400000-high-res-images-online.html">The Met</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/04/getty-museum-adds-another-77000-images-to-its-open-content-archive.html">The Getty</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/rijksmuseum-digitizes-makes-free-online-210000-works-of-art-masterpieces-included.html">The Rijksmuseum</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/06/smithsonian-digitizes-lets-you-download-40000-works-of-asian-and-american-art.html">Smithsonian</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/10/free-the-guggenheim-puts-online-1600-great-works-of-modern-art-from-575-artists.html">The Guggenheim</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/12/the-tate-digitizes-70000-works-of-art.html">The Tate</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/04/download-35000-works-of-art-from-the-national-gallery.html">The National Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/01/whitney-museum-puts-online-21000-works-of-american-art.html">The Whitney</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/la_county_museum_makes_20000_artistic_images_available_for_free.html">LA County Museum</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/12/45000-works-of-art-from-stanford-universitys-cantor-arts-center-now-freely-viewable-online.html">Stanford University</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/09/the-british-library-puts-over-1000000-images-in-the-public-domain-a-deeper-dive-into-the-collection.html">British Library</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/google-puts-over-57000-works-of-art-on-the-web.html">Google Art Project</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/02/14000-free-images-from-the-french-revolution-now-available-online.html">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/03/getty-images-makes-35-million-photos-free-to-use-online.html">Getty Images</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/01/free_the_guggenheim_puts_65_modern_art_books_online.html">Guggenheim Art Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/download-422-free-art-books-from-the-metropolitan-museum-of-art.html">Met Art Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/01/download-over-250-free-art-books-from-the-getty-museum.html">Getty Art Books</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/03/new-york-public-library-puts-20000-hi-res-maps-online.html">New York Public Library Maps</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/06/download-30000-free-images-from-the-museum-of-new-zealand.html">Museum of New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/google-puts-online-10000-works-of-street-art-from-across-the-globe.html">Street Art</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/05/100-great-works-of-art-with-videos-created-by-khan-academy.html">Smarthistory</a></li> <li><a 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Eliot Reads Waste Land</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/hear_sylvia_plath_read_fifteen_poems_from_her_final_collection_ariel_in_1962_recording.html">Sylvia Plath - Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/06/on_bloomsday_hear_james_joyce_read_from_his_epic_iulyssesi_1924.html">Joyce Reads Ulysses</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/02/james_joyce_reads_anna_livia_plurabelle_from_ifinnegans_wakei.html">Joyce - Finnegans Wake</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/01/watch_patti_smith_read_from_virginia_woolf_and_hear_the_only_surviving_recording_of_woolfs_voice.html">Patti Smith Reads Virginia Woolf</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/listen_as_albert_einstein_reads_the_common_language_of_science_1941.html">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/charles-bukowski-poem-read-by-bukowski-tom-waits-and-bono.html">Charles Bukowski</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/bill-murray-reads-poetry-by-billy-collins-cole-porter-and-sarah-manguso.html">Bill Murray</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/ernest_hemingway_reads_in_harrys_bar_in_venice.html">Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/f_scott_fitzgerald_reads_from_shakespeares_iothelloi_and_john_masefields_on_growing_old_c1940.html">Fitzgerald Reads Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2010/04/william_faulkner_reads_from_as_i_lay_dying.html">William Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/05/rare_1959_audio_flannery_oconnor_reads_a_good_man_is_hard_to_find.html">Flannery O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/j-r-r-tolkien-reads-from-the-two-towers-the-second-book-of-the-lord-of-the-rings-trilogy.html">Tolkien - The Hobbit</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/allen_ginsberg_reads_his_beat_classic_poem_howl.html">Allen Ginsberg - Howl</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/06/rare_1930s_audio_wb_yeats_reads_four_of_his_poems.html">W.B Yeats</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/10/ezra_pounds_fiery_1939_reading_of_his_early_poem_isestina_altafortei.html">Ezra Pound</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/08/dylan_thomas_recites_do_not_go_gentle_into_that_good_night_and_other_poems.html">Dylan Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/anne_sexton_confessional_poet_reads_wanting_to_die_in_ominous_1966_video.html">Anne Sexton</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/06/john-cheever-reads-the-swimmer.html">John Cheever</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/hear-david-foster-wallace-read-his-own-essays-and-short-fiction.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254484" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Book Lists By</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2011/12/neil_degrasse_tyson_8_books_every_intelligent_person_should_read.html">Neil deGrasse Tyson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/ernest_hemingways_reading_list_for_a_young_writer_1934.html">Ernest Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/f-scott-fitzgerald-creates-a-list-of-22-essential-books-1936.html">F. Scott Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/patti-smiths-list-of-favorite-books.html">Patti Smith</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/08/brian-eno-book-lists.html">Brian Eno</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/04/henry-miller-makes-a-list-of-the-100-books-that-influenced-me-most.html">Henry Miller</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/09/christopher_hitchens_creates_a_reading_list_for_eight-year-old_girl.html">Christopher Hitchens</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/11/joseph-brodskys-reading-list-for-having-an-intelligent-conversation.html">Joseph Brodsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">W.H. Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2012/07/carl_sagans_undergrad_reading_list_from_plato_and_shakespeare_to_huxley_and_gide.html">Carl Sagan</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/10/david-bowies-list-of-top-100-books.html">David Bowie</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/the-books-samuel-beckett-really-liked.html">Samuel Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/09/art-garfunkel-lists-1195-books.html">Art Garfunkel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/the-430-books-in-marilyn-monroes-library.html">Marilyn Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/jorge-luis-borges-personal-library.html">Jorge Luis Borges</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/03/74-books-curated-by-female-creatives.html">Picks by Female Creatives</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li><li id="execphp-431254513" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254490" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Syllabi</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/wh_audens_1941_literature_syllabus_asks_students_to_read_32_great_works_covering_6000_pages_.html">WH Auden</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/02/david_foster_wallaces_1994_syllabus.html">David Foster Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/03/donald_barthelmes_syllabus_highlights_81_books_essential_for_a_literary_education_.html">Donald Barthelme</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/05/allen_ginsbergs_celestial_homework_a_reading_list_for_his_class_literary_history_of_the_beats.html">Allen Ginsberg</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/zadie-smith-and-gary-shteyngarts-syllabi-from-columbia-university.html">Zadie Smith & Gary Shteyngart</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/spike-lee-shares-his-nyu-teaching-list-of-87-essential-films-every-aspiring-director-should-see.html">Spike Lee</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/11/lynda-barrys-wonderfully-illustrated-syllabus-homework-assignments-from-her-uw-madison-class-the-unthinkable-mind.html">Lynda Barry</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/02/junot-diazs-syllabi-for-his-mit-writing-classes.html">Junot Diaz</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="execphp-431254491" class="widget widget_execphp"> <div class="execphpwidget"><div class="widgetbox"> <h2 class="widgettitle">Favorite Movies</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/stanley-kubricks-list-of-top-ten-films.html">Kubrick</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/01/akira-kurosawas-list-of-his-100-favorite-movies.html">Kurosawa's 100</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/quentin-tarantino-lists-the-12-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Tarantino</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/07/martin-scorsese-reveals-his-10-favorite-movies.html">Scorsese</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/08/andrei-tarkovsky-creates-a-list-of-his-10-favorite-films-1972.html">Tarkovsky</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/09/david-lynch-on-his-favorite-directors-including-fellini-wilder-tati-and-hitchcock.html">David Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/05/werner-herzog-picks-his-5-favorite-films.html">Werner Herzog</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/08/woody-allen-lists-the-greatest-films-of-all-time.html">Woody Allen</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/03/wes-andersons-favorite-films.html">Wes Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2015/05/the-10-favorite-films-of-avant-garde-surrealist-filmmaker-luis-bunuel-including-his-own-collaboration-with-salvador-dali.html">Luis Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/07/roger-eberts-final-list-of-his-top-10-favorite-films-2012.html">Roger Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2013/12/susan-sontags-50-favorite-films.html">Susan Sontag</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/scorseses-list-of-39-essential-foreign-films.html">Scorsese Foreign Films</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.openculture.com/2014/10/44-essential-movies-for-the-student-of-philosophy.html">Philosophy Films</a></li> </ul> </div></div> </li><li id="archives-3" class="widget widget_archive"><h2 class="widgettitle">Archives</h2> <ul> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/12'>December 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://www.openculture.com/2024/11'>November 2024</a></li> <li><a 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