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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Early history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_and_19th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 18th and 19th centuries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_and_21st_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_and_21st_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 20th and 21st centuries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_and_21st_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Governance </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governance subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Representation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Administrative history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Independence_referendum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Independence_referendum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Independence referendum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Independence_referendum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Geology </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Urban environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Demography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Population </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Residents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Students" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Students"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Students </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Students-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Ethnicity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Transport </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transport subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Road </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Bus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail,_air_and_sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail,_air_and_sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Rail, air and sea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail,_air_and_sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Museums_and_galleries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums_and_galleries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Museums and galleries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums_and_galleries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Literature </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Cinema </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theatre,_drama,_dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre,_drama,_dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 Theatre, drama, dance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre,_drama,_dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.6 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.7 Landmarks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Sport and recreation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport_and_recreation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sport and recreation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sport_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Ice hockey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rugby" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rugby"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Rugby </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rugby-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Athletics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 Other sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Public services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freedom_of_the_City" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freedom_of_the_City"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Freedom of the City </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Freedom_of_the_City-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Freedom of the City subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Freedom_of_the_City-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individuals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individuals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Individuals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individuals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Military units </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-News" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 News </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Websites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.3 Maps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Listed_building_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Listed_building_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.4 Listed building reports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Listed_building_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.5 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Dundee</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 89 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" > 89 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee,_Skotland" title="Dundee, Skotland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dundee, Skotland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="دندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandi" title="Dandi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dandi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="داندی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="داندی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Данды – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Данды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Дандзі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дандзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Дънди – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дънди" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9n_D%C3%A8agh" title="Dùn Dèagh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dùn Dèagh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee_(Esc%C3%B2cia)" title="Dundee (Escòcia) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dundee (Escòcia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee_(kapital_sa_dapit_sa_konseho_sa_Hiniusang_Gingharian)" title="Dundee (kapital sa dapit sa konseho sa Hiniusang Gingharian) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dundee (kapital sa dapit sa konseho sa Hiniusang Gingharian)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF" title="Νταντί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νταντί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="داندی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داندی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9n_D%C3%A8agh" title="Dùn Dèagh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dùn Dèagh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9n_D%C3%A8agh" title="Dùn Dèagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Dùn Dèagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9n_D%C3%A8agh" title="Dùn Dèagh – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dùn Dèagh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%98%EB%94%94" title="던디 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="던디" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%AB" title="Դանդի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դանդի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99" title="דנדי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דנדי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="დანდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დანდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taodunum" title="Taodunum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Taodunum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dand%C4%AB" title="Dandī – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dandī" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandis" title="Dandis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dandis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee_(Sk%C3%B3cia)" title="Dundee (Skócia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dundee (Skócia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80" title="डंडी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="डंडी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89" title="دندى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دندى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯗꯨꯟꯗꯤ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯗꯨꯟꯗꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC_(%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89)" title="ダンディー (スコットランド) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダンディー (スコットランド)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandi" title="Dandi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dandi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D9%86%DA%88%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%81%D8%B1" title="ڈنڈی شہر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ڈنڈی شہر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%8A%D9%86%DA%8A%D9%8A" title="ڊنڊي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڊنڊي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee_(%C5%A0k%C3%B3tsko)" title="Dundee (Škótsko) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dundee (Škótsko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Данди – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Данди" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5" title="ดันดี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดันดี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundee" title="Dundee – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dundee" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96" title="Данді – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Данді" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D9%86%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="ڈنڈی، سکاٹ لینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈنڈی، سکاٹ لینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dundee&params=56_27_38_N_2_58_12_W_region:GB_type:city">56°27′38″N 2°58′12″W / 56.46056°N 2.97000°W / 56.46056; -2.97000</a></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle">Checked</indicator></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-autoreview" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a 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tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">Page version status</h2>This is an accepted version of this page</div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Dundee">reviewed</a> on 15 November 2024.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and council area in Scotland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Scotland. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dundee_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dundee (disambiguation)">Dundee (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and council area in United Kingdom</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Dundee</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">Dùn Dè (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland#Council_areas" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">council area</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Dundee City</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="border:1;;height:146px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:DundeeSkyline2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/DundeeSkyline2017.jpg/268px-DundeeSkyline2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/DundeeSkyline2017.jpg/402px-DundeeSkyline2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/DundeeSkyline2017.jpg/536px-DundeeSkyline2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="2821" /></a></div><div>Skyline of Dundee from Fife</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:181px;max-width:181px"><div style="border:1;;height:133px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_(Alex_Liivet).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg/179px-V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg/269px-V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg/358px-V%26A_Dundee_Near_Completion_Feb_2018_%28Alex_Liivet%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a></div><div><a href="/wiki/V%26A_Dundee" title="V&A Dundee">V&A Dundee</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:87px;max-width:87px"><div style="border:1;;height:133px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:RRS_Discovery,_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg/85px-RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg/128px-RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg/170px-RRS_Discovery%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3746481.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4444" data-file-height="6967" /></a></div><div><a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery">RRS Discovery</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="border:1;;height:98px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg/132px-Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg/198px-Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg/264px-Taybridge_from_law_02SEP05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a></div><div><a href="/wiki/Tay_Bridge" title="Tay Bridge">Tay Bridge</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="border:1;;height:98px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg/132px-McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg/198px-McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg/264px-McManus_Galleries_Dundee_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div><div><a href="/wiki/McManus_Galleries" class="mw-redirect" title="McManus Galleries">McManus Galleries</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Dundee"><img alt="Coat of arms of Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/100px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/150px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/200px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2374" data-file-height="1967" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_City_Flag.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Dundee"><img alt="Official logo of Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dundee_City_Flag.png/100px-Dundee_City_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dundee_City_Flag.png/150px-Dundee_City_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dundee_City_Flag.png/200px-Dundee_City_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="183" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag of the Dundee City Council<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Etymology: <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a> – Dùn Dè (Tay Fort)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"The City of Discovery"</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dundee is located in Dundee City council area"><img alt="Dundee is located in Dundee City council area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1112" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.726%;left:46.667%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Dundee</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Dundee <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population#Localities" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">locality</a> within the Dundee City council area</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dundee is located in Scotland"><img alt="Dundee is located in Scotland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Scotland_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1483" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:69.838%;left:69.405%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Dundee</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Scotland</div>Show map of Scotland</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dundee is located in Europe"><img alt="Dundee is located in Europe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/250px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/375px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg/500px-Europe_relief_laea_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1580" data-file-height="1351" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.417%;left:20.023%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Dundee</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Dundee (Europe)</div>Show map of Europe</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dundee&params=56_27_38_N_2_58_12_W_region:GB_type:city">56°27′38″N 2°58′12″W / 56.46056°N 2.97000°W / 56.46056; -2.97000</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Scotland</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council Area</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dundee City</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenancy_areas_of_Scotland" title="Lieutenancy areas of Scotland">Lieutenancy Area</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dundee</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 11th century AD</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_burgh" title="Scottish burgh">Burgh charter</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1191; 833 years ago (1191)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">City status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 January 1889; 135 years ago (1889-01-26)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lord_Provosts_of_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lord Provosts of Dundee">Lord Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bill Campbell</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Leader of Dundee City Council</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Flynn" title="Mark Flynn">Mark Flynn</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/5th_Scottish_Parliament" title="5th Scottish Parliament">MSPs</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Dundee#Scottish_Parliament" title="Politics of Dundee">2</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Joe_FitzPatrick" title="Joe FitzPatrick">Joe FitzPatrick</a> (SNP) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Shona_Robison" title="Shona Robison">Shona Robison</a> (SNP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2015 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Dundee#Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of Dundee">2</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gethins" title="Stephen Gethins">Stephen Gethins</a> (SNP) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Law_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Law (politician)">Chris Law</a> (SNP)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-citypopulation_dundee_locality_area-4">[4]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_census_localities_in_Scotland" title="List of census localities in Scotland">Locality</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">18.0 sq mi (46.5 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population#Settlements" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">Settlement</a>)<a href="#cite_note-citypopulation_dundee_settlement_area-5">[5]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">19.4 sq mi (50.2 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Council_area" title="Council area">Council area</a><a href="#cite_note-NRS_Locality-6">[6]</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20 sq mi (60 km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-population-7">[7]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">59 ft (18 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2022)<a href="#cite_note-NRS_Locality-6">[6]</a>(2022)<a href="#cite_note-population_source-8">[8]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_census_localities_in_Scotland" title="List of census localities in Scotland">Locality</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">148,210</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">4th, Scotland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">8,300/sq mi (3,200/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population#Settlements" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">Settlement</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">158,820</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">8,200/sq mi (3,200/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2020)<a href="#cite_note-Eurostat-9">[9]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">264,890</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Council area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">148,350</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Council area density</th><td class="infobox-data">6,430/sq mi (2,481/km2)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Language(s)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">English</a> <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dundonian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%C2%B10" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC±0">UTC±0</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><a href="/wiki/DD_postcode_area" title="DD postcode area">DD1-5</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01382</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">ISO 3166-2</a></th><td class="infobox-data">GB-DND</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ONS_coding_system" title="ONS coding system">ONS Code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">S12000042</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS Grid Reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dundee&params=56.458313_N_2.975178_W_region:GB_scale:25000">NO4030</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nomenclature_of_Territorial_Units_for_Statistics" title="Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics">NUTS</a> 3</th><td class="infobox-data">UKM21</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary airport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Airport" title="Dundee Airport">Dundee Airport</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk">www.dundeecity.gov.uk</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Dundee (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/dʌnˈdiː/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5a\/Dundee.ogg\/Dundee.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Dundee.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/Dundee.ogg/Dundee.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee.ogg" title="File:Dundee.ogg">ⓘ</a>; <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a>: Dundee; <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: Dùn Dè or Dùn Dèagh, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Help:IPA/Scottish Gaelic">[t̪un ˈtʲeː]</a>) is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">fourth-largest</a> city in <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. The mid-year population estimate for 2016 was 148,210, giving Dundee a population density of 2,478/km2 (6,420/mi2), the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_council_areas_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish council areas by population density">second-highest</a> in Scotland. It lies within the eastern <a href="/wiki/Central_Lowlands" title="Central Lowlands">central Lowlands</a> on the north bank of the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Tay" title="Firth of Tay">Firth of Tay</a>, which feeds into the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a>. Under the name of Dundee City,<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> it forms one of the 32 <a href="/wiki/Council_areas_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Council areas of Scotland">council areas</a> used for <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Scotland" title="Local government in Scotland">local government in Scotland</a>. Within the boundaries of the <a href="/wiki/Shires_of_Scotland" title="Shires of Scotland">historic county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a>, the city developed into a <a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">burgh</a> in the late 12th century and established itself as an important east coast trading port.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Rapid expansion was brought on by the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>, particularly in the 19th century when Dundee was the centre of the global <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a> industry.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> This, along with its other major industries, gave Dundee its epithet as the city of "jute, jam and journalism". With the decline of traditional industry, the city has adopted a plan to regenerate and reinvent itself as a cultural centre.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> In pursuit of this, a £1 billion master plan to regenerate and to reconnect the Waterfront to the city centre started in 2001 and is expected to be completed within a 30-year period. The <a href="/wiki/V%26A_Dundee" title="V&A Dundee">V&A Dundee</a> – the first branch of the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria & Albert Museum">V&A</a> to operate outside of London – is the main centrepiece of the waterfront project.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Today, Dundee is promoted as "One City, Many Discoveries" in honour of Dundee's history of scientific activities and of the <a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery">RRS Discovery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Robert Falcon Scott</a>'s Antarctic exploration vessel, which was built in Dundee and is now berthed at Discovery Point. Dundee is an international research and development hub in technology, medicine and life sciences, with technological industries having arrived since the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Dundee was named as a "City of the Future" by <a href="/wiki/Cognizant" title="Cognizant">Cognizant</a> in 2021, the only UK city to be featured.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Dundee has also been a leading city in <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric vehicles</a>, having one of the largest fleets of electric vehicles in the country. The city was named as the electric vehicle capital of Europe in 2018, and it has continuously been branded as the electric vehicle capital of Scotland and the United Kingdom.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In 2014, Dundee was recognised by the United Nations as the UK's first <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> City of Design for its diverse contributions to fields including medical research, comics and video games.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Since 2015, Dundee's international profile has risen. <a href="/wiki/GQ" title="GQ">GQ</a> magazine named Dundee the "Coolest Little City in Britain" in 2015 and <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a> ranked Dundee at number 5 on its "Worldwide Hot Destinations" list for 2018.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> The name "Dundee" is made up of two parts: the common <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic</a> place-name element dun, meaning fort; and a second part that may derive from a Celtic element, cognate with the Gaelic dè, meaning 'fire'.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Dundee" title="History of Dundee">History of Dundee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Dundee_history" title="Timeline of Dundee history">Timeline of Dundee history</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> While earlier evidence for human occupation is abundant,<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Dundee's success and growth as a seaport town arguably came as a result of <a href="/wiki/William_the_Lion" title="William the Lion">William the Lion</a>'s charter, granting Dundee to his younger brother, <a href="/wiki/David,_Earl_of_Huntingdon" title="David, Earl of Huntingdon">David</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Huntingdon" title="Earl of Huntingdon">Earl of Huntingdon</a>) in the late 12th century.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> The situation of the town and its promotion by Earl David as a trading centre led to a period of prosperity and growth.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The earldom was passed down to David's descendants, amongst whom was <a href="/wiki/John_Balliol" title="John Balliol">John Balliol</a>. The town became a <a href="/wiki/Royal_Burgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Burgh">Royal Burgh</a> on John's coronation as king in 1292.<a href="#cite_note-Barrow_1990_24-33">[33]</a> The town and its castle were occupied by English forces for several years during the <a href="/wiki/First_War_of_Scottish_Independence" title="First War of Scottish Independence">First War of Independence</a> and recaptured by <a href="/wiki/Robert_the_Bruce" title="Robert the Bruce">Robert the Bruce</a> in early 1312.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The original burghal charters were lost during the occupation and subsequently renewed by Bruce in 1327.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg/220px-Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg/330px-Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg/440px-Dundee1693_JohnSlezer2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5154" data-file-height="3222" /></a><figcaption>Dundee in 1693 by <a href="/wiki/John_Slezer" title="John Slezer">John Slezer</a></figcaption></figure> The burgh suffered considerably during the conflict known as the <a href="/wiki/Rough_Wooing" title="Rough Wooing">Rough Wooing</a> of 1543 to 1550, and was occupied by the English forces of <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dudley" title="Andrew Dudley">Andrew Dudley</a> from 1547. In 1548, unable to defend the town against an advancing Scottish force, Dudley ordered that the town be burnt to the ground.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> In 1645, during the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms">Wars of the Three Kingdoms</a>, Dundee was again besieged, this time by the Royalist <a href="/wiki/James_Graham,_1st_Marquess_of_Montrose" title="James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose">Marquess of Montrose</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The town was finally destroyed by Parliamentarian forces led by <a href="/wiki/George_Monck,_1st_Duke_of_Albemarle" title="George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle">George Monck</a> in 1651.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> The town played a pivotal role in the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobite</a> cause when <a href="/wiki/John_Graham_of_Claverhouse,_1st_Viscount_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="John Graham of Claverhouse, 1st Viscount Dundee">John Graham of Claverhouse, 1st Viscount Dundee</a> raised the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">Stuart</a> standard on the <a href="/wiki/Law,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Law, Dundee">Dundee Law</a> in 1689.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The town was held by the Jacobites in the 1715–16 rising, and on 6 January 1716 the Jacobite claimant to the throne, <a href="/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" title="James Francis Edward Stuart">James VIII and III</a> (the Old Pretender), made a public entry into the town. Many in Scotland, including many in Dundee, regarded him as the rightful king.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> A notable resident of Dundee was Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan of Camperdown, <a href="/wiki/Barony_of_Lundie" class="mw-redirect" title="Barony of Lundie">Baron of Lundie</a> (1 July 1731 to 4 August 1804). He was born in Dundee on 1 July 1731, the son of Alexander Duncan of Lundie, Provost of Dundee. Adam was educated in Dundee and later joined the Royal Navy on board the sloop Trial. He rose to be admiral and in October 1797 defeated the Dutch fleet off Camperdown (north of Haarlem). This was seen as one of the most significant actions in naval history.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_and_19th_centuries">18th and 19th centuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 18th and 19th centuries">edit</a>]</div> The economy of medieval Dundee centred on the export of raw wool, with the production of finished textiles being a reaction to recession in the 15th century.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Two government Acts in the mid 18th century had a profound effect on Dundee's industrial success: the textile industry was revolutionised by the introduction of large four-storey mills, stimulated in part by the 1742 Bounty Act which provided a government-funded subsidy on <a href="/wiki/Osnaburg" title="Osnaburg">Osnaburg</a> linen produced for export.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Expansion of the <a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">whaling</a> industry was triggered by the second Bounty Act, introduced in 1750 to increase Britain's maritime and naval skill base.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Dundee, and Scotland more generally, saw rapid population increase at end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, with the city's population increasing from 12,400 in 1751 to 30,500 in 1821.<a href="#cite_note-Smout_1998_240–248-45">[45]</a> The phasing out of the linen export bounty between 1825 and 1832 stimulated demand for cheaper textiles, particularly for cheaper, tough fabrics.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The discovery that the dry fibres of <a href="/wiki/Jute" title="Jute">jute</a> could be lubricated with <a href="/wiki/Whale_oil" title="Whale oil">whale oil</a> (of which Dundee had a surfeit, following the opening of its gasworks) to allow it to be processed in mechanised mills resulted in the Dundee mills rapidly converting from linen to jute, which sold at a quarter of the price of flax.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Interruption of <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a> flax imports during the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> and of cotton during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a> resulted in a period of inflated prosperity for Dundee and the jute industry dominated Dundee throughout the latter half of the 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Unprecedented immigration, notably of Irish workers, led to accelerated urban expansion, and at the height of the industry's success, Dundee supported 62 jute mills, employing some 50,000 workers.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Cox Brothers, who owned the massive <a href="/wiki/Camperdown_Works" title="Camperdown Works">Camperdown Works</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lochee" title="Lochee">Lochee</a>, were one of the largest jute manufacturers in Europe and employed more than 5,000 workers.<a href="#cite_note-MS6-50">[50]</a> The rise of the textile industries brought with it an expansion of supporting industries, notably of the whaling, maritime and shipbuilding industries,<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> and extensive development of the waterfront area started in 1815 to cope with increased demand for port capacity.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> At its height, 200 ships per year were built there, including <a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Robert Falcon Scott</a>'s Antarctic research vessel, the <a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery">RRS Discovery</a>. This ship is now on display at Discovery Point in the city.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> A significant whaling industry was also based in Dundee, largely existing to supply the jute mills with <a href="/wiki/Whale_oil" title="Whale oil">whale oil</a>. Whaling ceased in 1912 and shipbuilding ceased in 1981.<a href="#cite_note-whaling-54">[54]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SCO_Dundee,_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/SCO_Dundee%2C_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg/220px-SCO_Dundee%2C_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/SCO_Dundee%2C_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg/330px-SCO_Dundee%2C_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/SCO_Dundee%2C_Tay_Rail_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>The original <a href="/wiki/Tay_Rail_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Tay Rail Bridge">Tay Bridge</a> (from the south) the day after the disaster. The collapsed section can be seen near the northern end.</figcaption></figure> While the city's economy was dominated by the jute industry, it also became known for smaller industries. Most notable among these were <a href="/wiki/Keiller%27s_marmalade" title="Keiller's marmalade">James Keiller's and Sons</a>, established in 1795, which pioneered commercial <a href="/wiki/Marmalade" title="Marmalade">marmalade</a> production,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> and the publishing firm <a href="/wiki/DC_Thomson" title="DC Thomson">DC Thomson</a>, which was founded in the city in 1905. Dundee was said to be built on the 'three Js': Jute, Jam and Journalism. The town was also the location of one of the worst rail disasters in British history, the <a href="/wiki/Tay_Bridge_disaster" title="Tay Bridge disaster">Tay Bridge disaster</a>. The first <a href="/wiki/Tay_Rail_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Tay Rail Bridge">Tay Rail Bridge</a> was opened in 1878. It collapsed some 18 months later during a storm, as a passenger train passed over it, resulting in the loss of 75 lives.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1906_Dundee_fire" title="1906 Dundee fire">most destructive fire in the city's history</a> came in 1906, reportedly sending "rivers of burning whisky" through the street. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_and_21st_centuries">20th and 21st centuries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 20th and 21st centuries">edit</a>]</div> The jute industry fell into decline in the early 20th century, partly due to reduced demand for jute products and partly due to an inability to compete with the emerging industry in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Calcutta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> This gave rise to unemployment levels far in excess of the national average, peaking in the inter-war period,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> but major recovery was seen in the post-war period, thanks to the arrival first of American light engineering companies like <a href="/wiki/Timex_Group" title="Timex Group">Timex</a> and <a href="/wiki/NCR_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="NCR Corporation">NCR</a>, and subsequent expansion into microelectronics.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Dundee was the first city in Scotland to gain official <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">city status</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> signed a patent announcing the transition of Dundee from a royal burgh into a city. Dundee would officially gain city status on 26 January 1889. The patent still exists and is kept in storage in the city archives.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> A £1 billion master plan to regenerate Dundee Waterfront is expected to last for a 30-year period between 2001 and 2031.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Waterfront-61">[61]</a> The aims of the project are to reconnect the city centre to the waterfront; to improve facilities for walking, cyclists and buses; to replace the existing inner ring road with a pair of east/west tree-lined boulevards; and to provide a new civic square and a regenerated railway station and arrival space at the western edge. A new <a href="/wiki/V%26A_Dundee" title="V&A Dundee">Victoria and Albert Museum</a> opened on 15 September 2018. A new <a href="/wiki/Eden_Project" title="Eden Project">Eden Project</a> attraction is also set to open in Dundee by the 2030s.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Dundee" title="Politics of Dundee">Politics of Dundee</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_Chambers,_Dundee,_Scotland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg/220px-City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg/330px-City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg/440px-City_Chambers%2C_Dundee%2C_Scotland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1222" data-file-height="917" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Chambers" title="Dundee City Chambers">Dundee City Chambers</a>, where the city council meets</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Representation">Representation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Representation">edit</a>]</div> Dundee City is one of 32 <a href="/wiki/Council_areas_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Council areas of Scotland">council areas of Scotland</a>, administered by <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-localgovact-65">[65]</a> The council meets at <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Chambers" title="Dundee City Chambers">Dundee City Chambers</a> in City Square and has its mains offices at <a href="/wiki/Dundee_House" title="Dundee House">Dundee House</a> on North Lindsay Street. The civic head and chair of the council is the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost_of_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Provost of Dundee">Lord Provost</a>. The council area is also divided into eighteen <a href="/wiki/List_of_community_council_areas_in_Scotland#Dundee_City" title="List of community council areas in Scotland">community council areas</a>, three of which (<a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">Broughty Ferry</a>, <a href="/wiki/City_Centre,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="City Centre, Dundee">City Centre and Harbour</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dundee" title="West End, Dundee">West End</a>) had community councils operating as at August 2024.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> For elections to the <a href="/wiki/British_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="British House of Commons">House of Commons</a> at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster Palace">Westminster</a>, the city area and portions of the <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a> council area are divided into two <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_constituencies" title="United Kingdom constituencies">constituencies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-borders-67">[67]</a> The constituencies of <a href="/wiki/Arbroath_and_Broughty_Ferry_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Arbroath and Broughty Ferry (UK Parliament constituency)">Arbroath and Broughty Ferry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dundee_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dundee West (UK Parliament constituency)">Dundee West</a> are represented by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gethins" title="Stephen Gethins">Stephen Gethins</a> (<a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a>)[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and <a href="/wiki/Chris_Law" title="Chris Law">Chris Law</a> (Scottish National Party), respectively, both of whom were elected and re-elected respectively at the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a>. For elections to the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> at <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament_Building" title="Scottish Parliament Building">Holyrood</a>, the city area is divided across three constituencies. The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_East_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dundee City East (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Dundee City East constituency</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_West_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dundee City West (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Dundee City West constituency</a> are entirely within the city area. The <a href="/wiki/Angus_South_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Angus South (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Angus South (Holyrood) constituency</a> includes north-eastern and north-western portions of the city area.<a href="#cite_note-borders-67">[67]</a> All three constituencies are within the <a href="/wiki/North_East_Scotland_(Scottish_Parliament_electoral_region)" title="North East Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)">North East Scotland electoral region</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shona_Robison" title="Shona Robison">Shona Robison</a> (SNP) is the <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Member of the Scottish Parliament">Member of the Scottish Parliament</a> (MSP) for the Dundee East constituency;<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Fitzpatrick" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Fitzpatrick">Joe Fitzpatrick</a> (SNP) is the current MSP for the Dundee West constituency<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Graeme_Dey" title="Graeme Dey">Graeme Dey</a> (SNP) is the current MSP for the Angus South constituency.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sir_Winston_Churchill#Political_career_to_the_Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill served as one of two MPs</a> for Dundee from <a href="/wiki/1908_Dundee_by-election" title="1908 Dundee by-election">1908</a> to <a href="/wiki/Dundee_in_the_1922_general_election" title="Dundee in the 1922 general election">1922</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_history">Administrative history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Administrative history">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png/190px-City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png/285px-City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/City_of_Dundee_Coat_of_Arms.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of the city of Dundee</figcaption></figure> Dundee appears to have been made a <a href="/wiki/Burgh" title="Burgh">burgh</a> sometime between 1181 and 1195.<a href="#cite_note-Milne-71">[71]</a> It was then raised to <a href="/wiki/Royal_burgh" title="Royal burgh">royal burgh</a> status on the coronation of <a href="/wiki/John_Balliol" title="John Balliol">John Balliol</a> as King of Scotland in 1292.<a href="#cite_note-Barrow_1990_24-33">[33]</a> The city has two mottos: <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: Dei Donum ('Gift of God') and Prudentia et Candore ('With Thought and Purity') although usually only the latter is used for civic purposes.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Dundee was declared a city in 1889, being the first Scottish place to have the title of city explicitly conferred on it rather than assuming it by customary usage.<a href="#cite_note-Milne-71">[71]</a> In 1894, Dundee was made a <a href="/wiki/County_of_city" title="County of city">county of itself</a>, removing it from <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The city's boundaries were enlarged on numerous occasions, notably in 1913 when it absorbed the neighbouring burgh of <a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">Broughty Ferry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> From 1975 to 1996, Dundee was governed by the City of Dundee District Council, one of three district-level authorities within the <a href="/wiki/Tayside" title="Tayside">Tayside</a> region. The district was created under the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_(Scotland)_Act_1973" title="Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973">Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973</a> and covered a larger area than the pre-1975 city, taking in the burgh of <a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monifieth</a> and most of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_local_government_areas_in_Scotland_(1930%E2%80%931975)#Sub-county_authorities" title="List of local government areas in Scotland (1930–1975)">landward district</a> of Monifieth (covering a number of villages north of Dundee) from Angus, and the parish of <a href="/wiki/Longforgan" title="Longforgan">Longforgan</a> (which included <a href="/wiki/Invergowrie" title="Invergowrie">Invergowrie</a>) from <a href="/wiki/Perthshire" title="Perthshire">Perthshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In 1996, the Dundee City council area was created under the <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_etc._(Scotland)_Act_1994" title="Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994">Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994</a>.<a href="#cite_note-localgovact-65">[65]</a> Monifieth and the villages north of Dundee itself were transferred back to Angus, and the Longforgan area (including Invergowrie) was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Perth_and_Kinross" title="Perth and Kinross">Perth and Kinross</a>, largely reinstating the pre-1975 boundaries. Some controversy has ensued as a result of these boundary changes, with Dundee city councillors arguing for the return of Monifieth and Invergowrie.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Independence_referendum">Independence referendum</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Independence referendum">edit</a>]</div> On 18 September 2014, Dundee was one of four council areas to vote "Yes" in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish independence referendum">Scottish independence referendum</a>, with 57.3% voting "Yes" on a 78.8% turnout. With the highest Yes vote for any local authority in Scotland, some in the <a href="/wiki/Yes_Scotland" title="Yes Scotland">Yes Scotland</a> campaign nicknamed Dundee the "Yes City", including former First Minister <a href="/wiki/Alex_Salmond" title="Alex Salmond">Alex Salmond</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_(lighter_ground).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg/220px-The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg/330px-The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg/440px-The_Dundee_Law_-_geograph.org.uk_-_63200_%28lighter_ground%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">Dundee Law</a></figcaption></figure> Dundee sits on the north bank of the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Tay" title="Firth of Tay">Firth of Tay</a> on the eastern, <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> Coast of Scotland. The city lies 36.1 miles (58 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">NNE</a> of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a><a href="#cite_note-postcode-81">[81]</a> and 360.6 miles (580 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">NNW</a> of London.<a href="#cite_note-postcode-81">[81]</a> The built-up area occupies a roughly rectangular shape 8.3 miles (13 km) long by 2.5 miles (4 km) wide, aligned in an east to west direction and occupies an area of 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-OSmap-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-popdens-83">[83]</a> The town is bisected by a line of hills stretching from Balgay Hill (elevation of 143 m) in the west end of the city, through the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">Dundee Law</a> (174 m) which occupies the centre of the built up area, to Gallow Hill (83 m), between <a href="/wiki/Baxter_Park" title="Baxter Park">Baxter Park</a> and the Eastern Cemetery. North of this ridge lies a valley through which cuts the Dighty Water <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burn</a>, the elevation falling to around 45 m. North of the Dighty valley lie the <a href="/wiki/Sidlaw_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidlaw Hills">Sidlaw Hills</a>, the most prominent hill being <a href="/wiki/Craigowl_Hill" title="Craigowl Hill">Craigowl Hill</a> (455 m).<a href="#cite_note-OSmap-82">[82]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg/220px-Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg/330px-Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg/440px-Approaching_Dundee_from_the_south_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3426132.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>A cityscape from the Tay</figcaption></figure> The western and eastern boundaries of the city are marked by two <a href="/wiki/Burn_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn (topography)">burns</a> that are tributaries of the <a href="/wiki/River_Tay" title="River Tay">River Tay</a>. On the westernmost boundary of the city, the Lochee burn meets the Fowlis burn, forming the <a href="/wiki/Invergowrie" title="Invergowrie">Invergowrie</a> burn, which meets the Tay at Invergowrie basin.<a href="#cite_note-OSmap-82">[82]</a> The Dighty Water enters Dundee from the village of <a href="/wiki/Strathmartine" title="Strathmartine">Strathmartine</a> and marks the boundaries of a number of northern districts of the city, joining the Tay between <a href="/wiki/Barnhill,_Dundee" title="Barnhill, Dundee">Barnhill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monifieth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-OSmap-82">[82]</a> The Scouring burn in the west end of the city and Dens Burn in the east, both of which played important roles in the industrial development of the city, have now been <a href="/wiki/Culvert" title="Culvert">culverted</a> over. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</div> The city lies within the Sidlaw-Ochil <a href="/wiki/Anticline" title="Anticline">anticline</a>, and the predominant bedrock type is <a href="/wiki/Old_Red_Sandstone" title="Old Red Sandstone">Old Red Sandstone</a> of the Arbuthnott-Garvock group.<a href="#cite_note-geo-84">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Differential_weathering" class="mw-redirect" title="Differential weathering">Differential weathering</a> of a series of <a href="/wiki/Igneous_intrusion" title="Igneous intrusion">igneous intrusions</a> has yielded a number of prominent hills in the landscape, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Law,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Law, Dundee">Dundee Law</a> (a late <a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">Silurian</a>/early <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mafic" title="Mafic">Mafic</a> rock intrusion) and Balgay hill (a <a href="/wiki/Felsic" title="Felsic">Felsic</a> rock intrusion of similar age).<a href="#cite_note-geo-84">[84]</a> In the east of the city, in <a href="/wiki/Craigiebank,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigiebank, Dundee">Craigie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">Broughty Ferry</a>, the bedrock geology is of <a href="/wiki/Extrusive_rock" title="Extrusive rock">extrusive rocks</a>, including mafic <a href="/wiki/Lava" title="Lava">lava</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tuff" title="Tuff">tuff</a>.<a href="#cite_note-geo-84">[84]</a> The land surrounding Dundee, particularly that in the lower lying areas to the west and east of the city, bears high quality soil that is particularly suitable for arable farming. It is predominantly of a <a href="/wiki/Brown_forest_soil" class="mw-redirect" title="Brown forest soil">brown forest soil</a> type with some <a href="/wiki/Gley_soil" class="mw-redirect" title="Gley soil">gleying</a>, the lower parts being formed from raised beach sands and gravels derived from Old Red Sandstone and lavas.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_environment">Urban environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Urban environment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg/220px-Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg/330px-Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg/440px-Midsummer_night%5E_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9752.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>View from The Law, overlooking Dundee City Centre and the Tay Road Bridge</figcaption></figure> Very little of pre-<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Reformation</a> Dundee remains, the destruction suffered in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Rough_Wooing" class="mw-redirect" title="War of the Rough Wooing">War of the Rough Wooing</a> being almost total, with only scattered, roofless shells remaining.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The area occupied by the medieval burgh of Dundee extends between East Port and West Port, which formerly held the gates to the walled city. The shoreline has been altered considerably since the early 19th century through development of the harbour area and land reclamation.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Several areas on the periphery of the burgh saw industrial development with the building of textile mills from the end of the 18th century. Their placement was dictated by the need for a water supply for the modern steam powered machinery, and areas around the Lochee Burn (<a href="/wiki/Lochee" title="Lochee">Lochee</a>), Scouring Burn (<a href="/wiki/Blackness,_Dundee" title="Blackness, Dundee">Blackness</a>) and Dens Burn (Dens Road area) saw particular concentrations of mills.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The post war period saw expansion of industry to estates along the Kingsway.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Working-class housing spread rapidly and without control throughout the Victorian era, particularly in the Hawkhill, Blackness Road, Dens Road and Hilltown areas.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Despite the comparative wealth of Victorian Dundee as a whole, living standards for the working classes were very poor. A general lack of town planning coupled with the influx of labour during the expansion of the jute industry resulted in insanitary, squalid and cramped housing for much of the population.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> While gradual improvements and <a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Slum clearance in the United Kingdom">slum clearance</a> began in the late 19th century, the building of the groundbreaking <a href="/wiki/Logie,_Dundee" title="Logie, Dundee">Logie</a> housing estate marked the beginning of Dundee's expansion through the building of planned housing estates, under the vision of city architect <a href="/wiki/James_Thomson_(architect)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Thomson (architect)">James Thomson</a>, whose legacy also includes the housing estate of <a href="/wiki/Craigiebank,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigiebank, Dundee">Craigiebank</a> and the beginnings of an improved transport infrastructure by planning the Kingsway bypass.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Modernisation of the city centre continued in the post-war period. The medieval Overgate was demolished in the early 1960s to make way for a shopping centre, followed by construction of the inner ring road and the Wellgate Shopping Centre.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tay_Road_Bridge" title="Tay Road Bridge">Tay Road Bridge</a>, completed in 1966, had as its northern landfall the docklands of central Dundee, and the new associated road system resulted in the city centre being cut off from the river.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> An acute shortage of housing in the late 1940s was addressed by a series of large housing estates built in the northern environs, including the Fintry, Craigie, Charleston and Douglas areas in the 1950s and early 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> These were followed by increasingly cost-effective and sometimes poorly planned housing throughout the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Much of this, in particular the high-rise blocks of flats at Lochee, Kirkton, Trottick, Whitfield, Ardler and Menzieshill, and the prefabricated Skarne housing blocks at Whitfield, has been demolished since the 1990s or is scheduled for future demolition.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:452px"><div style="position:relative;width:450px;border:1px solid lightgray"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dundee is located in Dundee City council area"><img alt="Dundee is located in Dundee City council area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/450px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/675px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Dundee_UK_location_map.svg/900px-Dundee_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1112" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.615%;left:32%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ardler" title="Ardler">1</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.492%;left:30.808%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Balgay" title="Balgay">2</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:17.878%;left:37.032%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Balgowan,_Dundee" title="Balgowan, Dundee">3</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.154%;left:68.611%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ballumbie" title="Ballumbie">4</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.769%;left:38.436%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Blackness,_Dundee" title="Blackness, Dundee">5</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.631%;left:80.03%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">6</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:34.332%;left:84.839%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Barnhill,_Dundee" title="Barnhill, Dundee">7</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.839%;left:21.99%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Camperdown,_Dundee" title="Camperdown, Dundee">8</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.089%;left:24.252%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_Dundee" title="Charleston, Dundee">9</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.432%;left:46.022%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div> <a href="/wiki/City_Centre,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="City Centre, Dundee">10</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.769%;left:48.333%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Claverhouse" title="Claverhouse">11</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.191%;left:60.529%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Craigiebank,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigiebank, Dundee">12</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:31.842%;left:68.038%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Dundee" title="Douglas, Dundee">13</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.758%;left:38.734%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Downfield,_Dundee" title="Downfield, Dundee">14</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.052%;left:29.259%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Dryburgh,_Dundee" title="Dryburgh, Dundee">15</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:23.745%;left:56.586%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Fintry,_Dundee" title="Fintry, Dundee">16</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.35%;left:18.351%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Gowrie_Park" title="Gowrie Park">17</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.85%;left:44.856%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Hilltown,_Dundee" title="Hilltown, Dundee">18</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.718%;left:40.899%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Kirkton,_Dundee" title="Kirkton, Dundee">19</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.666%;left:40%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">20</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.924%;left:32.908%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Lochee" title="Lochee">21</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.856%;left:35.716%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Logie,_Dundee" title="Logie, Dundee">22</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.915%;left:24.85%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Menzieshill" title="Menzieshill">23</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:23.692%;left:51.8%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Mill_of_Mains" title="Mill of Mains">24</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.7%;left:23.801%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Ninewells" title="Ninewells">25</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.555%;left:58.262%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Pitkerro" title="Pitkerro">26</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.743%;left:31.65%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/St_Marys,_Dundee" title="St Marys, Dundee">27</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.39%;left:49.168%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Stobswell" title="Stobswell">28</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.962%;left:37.926%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:1px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dundee" title="West End, Dundee">29</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.352%;left:61.465%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Whitfield,_Dundee" title="Whitfield, Dundee">30</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.818%;left:47.462%;font-size:100%"><div class="id" style="left:-0px;top:-0px"></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:1px"><div><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_Dundee" title="Woodside, Dundee">31</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.921%;left:16.254%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Invergowrie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Invergowrie" title="Invergowrie">Invergowrie</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30%;left:96.667%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Monifieth" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monifieth</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.004%;left:18.119%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Birkhill" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Birkhill,_Angus" title="Birkhill, Angus">Birkhill</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:11.059%;left:32.08%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Bridgefoot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Bridgefoot,_Angus" title="Bridgefoot, Angus">Bridgefoot</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:14.413%;left:37.534%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Strathmartine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Strathmartine" title="Strathmartine">Strathmartine</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:26.736%;left:7.903%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Liff" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Liff,_Angus" title="Liff, Angus">Liff</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:13.913%;left:65.687%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Burnside of Duntrune" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Burnside_of_Duntrune" title="Burnside of Duntrune">Burnside of Duntrune</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:9.614%;left:74.849%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Kellas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Kellas,_Angus" title="Kellas, Angus">Kellas</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:10.778%;left:88.4%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Kingennie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Kingennie" title="Kingennie">Kingennie</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:4.042%;left:77.501%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Bucklerheads" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Bucklerheads" title="Bucklerheads">Bucklerheads</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:83.846%;left:22.333%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Balmerino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Balmerino" title="Balmerino">Balmerino</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:73.505%;left:43.519%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Wormit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Wormit" title="Wormit">Wormit</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.408%;left:56.323%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="Newport-on-Tay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Newport-on-Tay" title="Newport-on-Tay">Newport-on-Tay</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_UK_location_map.svg" title="File:Dundee UK location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div><div style="float:left;">Areas of Dundee and nearby settlements</div></div></div></div> Areas of Dundee: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;width: 450px;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Ardler" title="Ardler">Ardler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgay" title="Balgay">Balgay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgowan,_Dundee" title="Balgowan, Dundee">Balgowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballumbie" title="Ballumbie">Ballumbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackness,_Dundee" title="Blackness, Dundee">Blackness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">Broughty Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnhill,_Dundee" title="Barnhill, Dundee">Barnhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camperdown,_Dundee" title="Camperdown, Dundee">Camperdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_Dundee" title="Charleston, Dundee">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Centre,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="City Centre, Dundee">City Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claverhouse" title="Claverhouse">Claverhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigiebank,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigiebank, Dundee">Craigiebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Dundee" title="Douglas, Dundee">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downfield,_Dundee" title="Downfield, Dundee">Downfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryburgh,_Dundee" title="Dryburgh, Dundee">Dryburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fintry,_Dundee" title="Fintry, Dundee">Fintry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowrie_Park" title="Gowrie Park">Gowrie Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilltown,_Dundee" title="Hilltown, Dundee">Hilltown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkton,_Dundee" title="Kirkton, Dundee">Kirkton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">Dundee Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochee" title="Lochee">Lochee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logie,_Dundee" title="Logie, Dundee">Logie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzieshill" title="Menzieshill">Menzieshill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_of_Mains" title="Mill of Mains">Mill of Mains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninewells" title="Ninewells">Ninewells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitkerro" title="Pitkerro">Pitkerro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Marys,_Dundee" title="St Marys, Dundee">St Marys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stobswell" title="Stobswell">Stobswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dundee" title="West End, Dundee">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitfield,_Dundee" title="Whitfield, Dundee">Whitfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_Dundee" title="Woodside, Dundee">Woodside</a></li></ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg/220px-Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg/330px-Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg/440px-Fog_in_the_Tay_estuary_-_geograph.org.uk_-_9750.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Haar_(fog)" title="Haar (fog)">Haar (fog)</a> travelling up the <a href="/wiki/River_Tay" title="River Tay">River Tay</a> by <a href="/wiki/Advection" title="Advection">advection</a></figcaption></figure> The climate, like the rest of lowland Scotland, is <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">Oceanic</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen-Geiger</a> classification Cfb).<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Mean temperature and rainfall are typical for the east coast of Scotland, and with the city's sheltered estuarine position, mean daily maxima are slightly higher than coastal areas to the North, particularly in spring and summer.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> The summers are still chilly when compared with similar latitudes in continental Europe, something compensated for by the mild winters, similar to the rest of the British Isles. The nearest official <a href="/wiki/Met_Office" title="Met Office">Met Office</a> weather station is Mylnefield, <a href="/wiki/Invergowrie" title="Invergowrie">Invergowrie</a> which is about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of the City Centre. A record high of 29.3 °C (84.7 °F) was recorded in July 2013.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The warmest month was July 2006,<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> with an average temperature of 17.4 °C (63.3 °F) (average high 22.5 °C (72.5 °F), average low 12.3 °C (54.1 °F)). In an 'average' year the warmest day should reach<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> 25.2 °C (77.4 °F), and in total just 1.86 days<a href="#cite_note-climate-datas-weather.dynalias.org-102">[102]</a> should equal or exceed a temperature of 25.0 °C (77.0 °F) per year, illustrating the rarity of such warmth. On average, 4.73 days should record a minimum temperature at or below -5 °C and there are 53.26 days of air frost on average. From 1991 to 2020, Mylnefield averaged 0.9 ice days, 50 days with precipitation of more than 5mm and 19.56 days with more than 10mm. The weather station is in plant hardiness zone 10a.<a href="#cite_note-climate-datas-weather.dynalias.org-102">[102]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Mylnefield, elevation 31m, 1991–2020, extremes 1960–2010 </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2 (59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6 (70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9 (73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7 (74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8 (82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7 (83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0 (77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8 (73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7 (62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5 (58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 (44.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 (49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 (53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 (58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4 (63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4 (66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 (66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9 (62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1 (55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 (44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.7 (54.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 (33.3) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 (34.0) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 (36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 (39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 (43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 (48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 (51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 (51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 (43.2) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 (37.4) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 (33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.4 (41.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.1 (1.2) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.2 (11.8) </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.0 (14.0) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.4 (24.1) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3 (27.9) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.7 (30.7) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8 (37.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 (35.1) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6 (30.9) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.4 (25.9) </td> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.4 (13.3) </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.7 (9.1) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−17.1 (1.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #97FF97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.3 (2.73) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.0 (2.13) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.5 (1.95) </td> <td style="background: #B9FFB9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.2 (1.78) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.0 (2.01) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.5 (2.46) </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.6 (2.58) </td> <td style="background: #8FFF8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.5 (2.93) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.3 (2.14) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.1 (3.35) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.9 (2.83) </td> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.9 (2.59) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">748.8 (29.48) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) </th> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 </td> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">127.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #616161; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53.5 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7A7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.6 </td> <td style="background: #B6B65C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121.1 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.9 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">200.8 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.3 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">172.7 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">165.0 </td> <td style="background: #BCBC38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.1 </td> <td style="background: #ABABA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.6 </td> <td style="background: #848484; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.0 </td> <td style="background: #505050; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.0 </td> <td style="background: #B8B855; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,460.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Met Office,(all data except extremes)<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: KNMI/ Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Meteoclimat<a href="#cite_note-climate-datas-weather.dynalias.org-102">[102]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Demography">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg/292px-Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg.png" decoding="async" width="292" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg/438px-Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg/584px-Dundee_population_pyramid_2020.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2413" data-file-height="2080" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid of Dundee in 2020</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Population">edit</a>]</div> Dundee's recorded population reached a peak of 182,204 at the 1971 census. According to the 2011 census, the City of Dundee had a population of 147,268.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_2011_Population-106">[106]</a> A more recent population estimate of the City of Dundee has been recorded at 149,680 in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The demographic make-up of the population is much in line with the rest of Scotland. The age group from 30 to 44 forms the largest portion of the population (20%).<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Population-108">[108]</a> The median age of males and females living in Dundee was 37 and 40 years, respectively, compared to 37 and 39 years for those in the whole of Scotland.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Population-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Residents">Residents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Residents">edit</a>]</div> The place of birth of the town's residents was 94.16% United Kingdom (including 87.85% from Scotland), 0.42% Ireland, 1.33% from other <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) countries, and 3.09% from elsewhere in the world. The economic activity of residents aged 16–74 was 35.92% in full-time employment, 10.42% in part-time employment, 4.25% self-employed, 5.18% unemployed, 7.82% students with jobs, 4.73% students without jobs, 15.15% retired, 4.54% looking after home or family, 7.92% permanently sick or disabled, and 4.00% economically inactive for other reasons. Compared with the average demography of Scotland, Dundee has both low proportions of people born outside the United Kingdom and for people over 75 years old. <table class="toccolours" style="border: right; margin:0 0 0.5em 1em; font-size: 90%; text-align:right;"> <caption>City of Dundee compared according to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2011#2011_Census_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 UK census</a><a href="#cite_note-Dundee_2011_Population-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Population-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Employment-109">[109]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th style="padding:2px;">City of Dundee </th> <th style="padding:2px;">Scotland </th> <th style="padding:2px;">United Kingdom </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Total population </th> <td>147,268</td> <td>5,295,403</td> <td>63,182,000 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/British_nationality_law" title="British nationality law">Foreign born</a> </th> <td>9%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>12.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Over 75 years old </th> <td>8.3%</td> <td>7.7%</td> <td>7.9% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Unemployed </th> <td>5.7%</td> <td>4.8%</td> <td>7.4% </td></tr></tbody></table> Natives of Dundee are called Dundonians and are often recognisable by their distinctive dialect of <a href="/wiki/Scots_language" title="Scots language">Scots</a> as well as their <a href="/wiki/Accent_(dialect)" class="mw-redirect" title="Accent (dialect)">accent</a>, which most noticeably substitutes the <a href="/wiki/Monophthong" title="Monophthong">monophthong</a> /ɛ/ (pronounced "eh") in place of the <a href="/wiki/Diphthong" title="Diphthong">diphthong</a> /aj/ (pronounced "ai").<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Dundee, and Scotland more generally, saw rapid population increase at end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century, with the city's population increasing from 12,400 in 1751 to 30,500 in 1821.<a href="#cite_note-Smout_1998_240–248-45">[45]</a> Of particular significance was an influx of Irish workers in the early to mid-19th century, attracted by the prospect of employment in the textiles industries. In 1851, 18.9% of people living in Dundee were of Irish birth.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> The city has also attracted immigrants from Italy, fleeing poverty and famine, in the 19th century Jews, fleeing from the Russia controlled portions of partitioned Poland and from German occupation in the 20th. Today, Dundee has a sizeable <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minority" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic minority">ethnic minority</a> population, and has around 4,000 Asian residents which is the fourth-largest Asian community in Scotland. The city also has 1.0% of residents from a Black/African/Caribbean background.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Students">Students</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Students">edit</a>]</div> Dundee has a higher proportion of university students – one in seven of the population – than any other town in Europe, except <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Student_Population-113">[113]</a> The 14.2% come from all around the world to attend the local universities and colleges. Dundee is a major attraction for Northern Irish students who make up 5% of the total student population. The city's universities are believed to hold the highest percentage of Northern Irish students outside of Northern Ireland and have a big impact on the local economy and culture. However, this has declined in recent years due to the increase of tuition fees for students elsewhere in the UK. Dundee also has a lot of students from abroad, mostly from the Republic of Ireland and other <a href="/wiki/EU_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="EU countries">EU countries</a> but with an increasing number from countries from the Far East and <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-population-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Ethnicity">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Ethnic Group </th> <th colspan="2">1981 estimations<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">1991<a href="#cite_note-:412-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-:422-116">[116]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">2001<a href="#cite_note-:12-117">[117]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">2011<a href="#cite_note-:12-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> </th> <th colspan="2">2022<a href="#cite_note-2022census_Scot-119">[119]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">White</a>: Total </th> <th>172,162 </th> <th>98.6% </th> <th>162,630 </th> <th>98% </th> <th>140,330 </th> <th>96.31% </th> <th>138,460 </th> <th>94% </th> <th>133,621 </th> <th>89.9% </th></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scottish</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>128,507 </td> <td>88.22% </td> <td>123,827 </td> <td>84.08% </td> <td>114,803 </td> <td>77.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">Other British</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>7,822 </td> <td>5.36% </td> <td>7,783 </td> <td>5.28% </td> <td>9,119 </td> <td>6.13% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/Irish_Briton" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Briton">Irish</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,167 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>1,470 </td> <td>1% </td> <td>1,369 </td> <td>0.93% </td> <td>1,342 </td> <td>0.90% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/Irish_Traveller" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Traveller">Gypsy/Traveller</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-120">[note 1]</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>98 </td> <td>– </td> <td>87 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/Poles_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Poles in the United Kingdom">Polish</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-120">[note 1]</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,990 </td> <td>1.35% </td> <td>3,153 </td> <td>2.12% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/White_Other_(United_Kingdom_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="White Other (United Kingdom Census)">Other</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>2,531 </td> <td>1.73% </td> <td>3,393 </td> <td>2.30% </td> <td>5,117 </td> <td>3.44% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian-Scots" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian-Scots">Asian Scottish</a> or <a href="/wiki/British_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Asian">Asian British</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>2,573 </th> <th>1.55% </th> <th>4,094 </th> <th>2.81% </th> <th>5,838 </th> <th>3.96% </th> <th>8,806 </th> <th>5.92% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Indian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Indian">Indian</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>628 </td> <td>0.37% </td> <td>1,023 </td> <td>0.70% </td> <td>1,417 </td> <td>0.96% </td> <td>2,068 </td> <td>1.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Pakistani" class="mw-redirect" title="British Pakistani">Pakistani</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,157 </td> <td>0.69% </td> <td>1,723 </td> <td>1.18% </td> <td>2,047 </td> <td>1.39% </td> <td>3,395 </td> <td>2.28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Bangladeshi" class="mw-redirect" title="British Bangladeshi">Bangladeshi</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>119 </td> <td>– </td> <td>233 </td> <td>0.16% </td> <td>310 </td> <td>0.21% </td> <td>696 </td> <td>0.47% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Chinese" title="British Chinese">Chinese</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>398 </td> <td>0.24% </td> <td>699 </td> <td>0.48% </td> <td>1,274 </td> <td>0.87% </td> <td>1,342 </td> <td>0.90% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian, Asian Scottish or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Asian">Asian Other</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>271 </td> <td>0.16% </td> <td>416 </td> <td>0.29% </td> <td>790 </td> <td>0.54% </td> <td>1,309 </td> <td>0.88% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Scottish_people" title="Black Scottish people">Black Scottish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">Black British</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[note 2]</a> </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>254 </th> <th>0.15% </th> <th>35 </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">African</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>288 </th> <th>0.19% </th> <th>1,170 </th> <th>0.79% </th> <th>2,090 </th> <th>1.41% </th></tr> <tr> <td>African: <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">African</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Scottish_people" title="Black Scottish people">African Scottish</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">African British</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>288 </td> <td>0.19% </td> <td>1,163 </td> <td>0.79% </td> <td>108 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>African: <a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">Other African</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>7 </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,982 </td> <td>1.33% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_community" class="mw-redirect" title="British African-Caribbean community">Caribbean</a> or <a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">Black</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>- </th> <th>- </th> <th>60 </th> <th>- </th> <th>269 </th> <th>0.18% </th> <th>187 </th> <th>0.13% </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_community" class="mw-redirect" title="British African-Caribbean community">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>60 </td> <td>– </td> <td>167 </td> <td>0.11% </td> <td>62 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">Black</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>66 </td> <td>– </td> <td>18 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caribbean or Black: <a href="/wiki/Other_Black" class="mw-redirect" title="Other Black">Other</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>36 </td> <td>– </td> <td>110 </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/British_Mixed" class="mw-redirect" title="British Mixed">Mixed or multiple ethnic groups</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>395 </th> <th>0.27% </th> <th>685 </th> <th>0.46% </th> <th>1,970 </th> <th>1.32% </th></tr> <tr> <th>Other: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>416 </th> <th>0.25% </th> <th>461 </th> <th>0.31% </th> <th>846 </th> <th>0.57% </th> <th>2,023 </th> <th>1.36% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Other: <a href="/wiki/British_Arabs" title="British Arabs">Arab</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-120">[note 1]</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>693 </td> <td>0.47% </td> <td>1,244 </td> <td>0.84% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other: Any other ethnic group </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>416 </td> <td>0.25% </td> <td>461 </td> <td>0.31% </td> <td>153 </td> <td>0.1% </td> <td>779 </td> <td>0.52% </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Non-White: Total </th> <th>2,475 </th> <th>1.4% </th> <th>3,243 </th> <th>2% </th> <th>5,333 </th> <th>3.6% </th> <th>8,808 </th> <th>6% </th> <th>15,076 </th> <th>10.1% </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total: </th> <th>174,637 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>165,873 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>145,663 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>147,268 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>148,697 </th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> The proportion of people residing in Dundee born outside the UK was 12.9% in 2022, compared with 9.0% in 2011 and 4.9% in 2001. Below are the fifteen largest overseas-born groups in Dundee according to the 2022 census, alongside the two previous censuses.<a href="#cite_note-CountryBirth_22-122">[120]</a> <table class="wikitable collapsible sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;">Country of birth </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;">2022 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;">2011 </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#9dbec3;">2001 </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> </td> <td align="right">2,616 </td> <td align="right">1,807 </td> <td align="right">127 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </td> <td align="right">1,449 </td> <td align="right">986 </td> <td align="right">599 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> </td> <td align="right">1,364 </td> <td align="right">862 </td> <td align="right">701 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> </td> <td align="right">1,186 </td> <td align="right">601 </td> <td align="right">66 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> </td> <td align="right">775 </td> <td align="right">899 </td> <td align="right">696 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td align="right">602 </td> <td align="right">314 </td> <td align="right">209 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td align="right">553 </td> <td align="right">730 </td> <td align="right">298 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> </td> <td align="right">529 </td> <td align="right">572 </td> <td align="right">625 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> </td> <td align="right">474 </td> <td align="right">199 </td> <td align="right">197 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> </td> <td align="right">435 </td> <td align="right">95 </td> <td align="right">11 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> </td> <td align="right">434 </td> <td align="right">201 </td> <td align="right">125 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> </td> <td align="right">362 </td> <td align="right">166 </td> <td align="right">114 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> </td> <td align="right">355 </td> <td align="right">211 </td> <td align="right">0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td align="right">309 </td> <td align="right">246 </td> <td align="right">201 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td align="right">299 </td> <td align="right">291 </td> <td align="right">155 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Overall – all overseas-born </th> <th align="right">19,194 </th> <th align="right">13,253 </th> <th align="right">7,198 </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_Parish_Church,_St_Mary%27s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg/220px-Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg/330px-Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg/440px-Dundee_Parish_Church%2C_St_Mary%27s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>Dundee Parish Church, St Mary's is one of three of the Dundee's City Churches which are joined; only two function as places of worship: St. Mary's and St. Clement's (the Old Steeple) which can be seen in the background.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a> <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_polity" title="Presbyterian polity">Presbytery</a> of Dundee is responsible for overseeing the worship of 37 congregations in and around the Dundee area, although changing population patterns have led to some of the churches becoming linked charges.<a href="#cite_note-123">[121]</a> Due to their city centre location, the City Churches, <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Parish_Church_(St_Mary%27s)" title="Dundee Parish Church (St Mary's)">Dundee Parish Church (St Mary's)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Steeple_Church" title="Steeple Church">Steeple Church</a>, are the most prominent <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a> buildings in Dundee. They are on the site of the medieval parish kirk of <a href="/wiki/St_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="St Mary">St Mary</a>, of which only the 15th-century west tower survives. The attached church was once the largest parish church in medieval Scotland.<a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a> Dundee was unusual among Scottish medieval burghs in having two parish kirks; the second, dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope Clement I">St Clement</a>, has disappeared, but its site was approximately that of the present City Square.<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a> Other presbyterian groups include the Free Church which meet at St. Peters (the historic church of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Murray_McCheyne" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Murray McCheyne">Robert Murray M'Cheyne</a>).<a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> Dundee was also the site of houses of the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a> (Blackfriars), and <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a> (Greyfriars), and had a number of hospitals and chapels. These establishments were sacked during the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Scottish Reformation</a>, in the mid-16th century, and were reduced to burial grounds, now Barrack Street (also referred to as the Dek-tarn street) and <a href="/wiki/The_Howff" title="The Howff">The Howff</a> burial ground, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-127">[125]</a> <div class="notheme barbox tleft" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ccc"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion of Dundee residents, 2022</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Irreligion in the United Kingdom">No religion</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:54.6%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">54.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Christian</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:33.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">33.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Religion not stated</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:6.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">6.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Scotland" title="Islam in Scotland">Muslim</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:4.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Scotland" title="Hinduism in Scotland">Hindu</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Scotland" title="Buddhism in Scotland">Buddhist</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Modern paganism in the United Kingdom">Pagan</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.5%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.5%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other religion</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.2%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.2%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Scotland" title="Sikhism in Scotland">Sikh</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.1%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.1%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Scotland" title="History of the Jews in Scotland">Jewish</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#ccf; width:0.07%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.07%</td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="5" style="padding:5px; text-align:left;">Source: 2022 census<a href="#cite_note-Religion_22-128">[126]</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Paul's Cathedral, Dundee">St. Paul's Cathedral</a> is the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Episcopal">Scottish Episcopal</a> <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Brechin_(Episcopalian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Brechin (Episcopalian)">Diocese of Brechin</a>. It is charged with overseeing the worship of 9 congregations in the city, as well as a further 17 in Angus, the Carse of Gowrie and parts of Aberdeenshire. Since 2018 the diocese has been led by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Swift_(bishop)" title="Andrew Swift (bishop)">Bishop Andrew Swift</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[127]</a> <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Andrew's Cathedral, Dundee">St. Andrew's Cathedral</a> is the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Dunkeld" title="Diocese of Dunkeld">Diocese of Dunkeld</a>, led by Bishop <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Robson" title="Stephen Robson">Stephen Robson</a>. The diocese is responsible for overseeing 15 congregations in Dundee and 37 in the surrounding area, including <a href="/wiki/St_Mary,_Our_Lady_of_Victories_Church,_Dundee" title="St Mary, Our Lady of Victories Church, Dundee">St Mary, Our Lady of Victories Church</a> in the city.<a href="#cite_note-130">[128]</a> There are <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-131">[129]</a> <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-132">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/Congregationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregationalist">Congregationalist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[132]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salvation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> churches in the city, and non-mainstream Christian groups are also well represented, including the <a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarians</a>,<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Friends">Society of Friends</a>,<a href="#cite_note-137">[135]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>,<a href="#cite_note-138">[136]</a> <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh-day Adventist">Seventh-day Adventists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a>,<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>.<a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a> are served by the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Central_Mosque" title="Dundee Central Mosque">Dundee Central Mosque</a>, built in 2000 to replace their former premises on the Hilltown.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> There are three other mosques in the city including Jamia Masjid Tajdare Madina on Victoria Road, Jame Masjid Bilal on Dura Street and Al Maktoum Mosque on Wilkie's Lane. Alongside these there is an Islamic Society on the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a> campus.<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> community is served by the Guru Nanak <a href="/wiki/Gurdwara" title="Gurdwara">Gurdwara</a> on Victoria Road, which serves its community in Dundee.<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a> A recorded Jewish community has existed in the city since the early 19th century.<a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a> There is a small <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Synagogue" title="Dundee Synagogue">synagogue</a> at Dudhope Park<a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a> which was built in the 1960s,<a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a> with the Hebrew Burial Grounds located three miles (4.8 km) to the east.<a href="#cite_note-147">[145]</a> Dundee Buddhist Group is a <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> Temple based in Reform Street.<a href="#cite_note-148">[146]</a> There is also a <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Mandir" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandir">mandir</a> in Taylor's Lane, situated in the <a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dundee" title="West End, Dundee">West End</a> of the city.<a href="#cite_note-149">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Scotland" title="Economy of Scotland">Economy of Scotland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg/220px-Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg/330px-Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg/440px-Cox%27s_Stack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2895123.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Cox's Stack, a chimney from the former <a href="/wiki/Camperdown_Works" title="Camperdown Works">Camperdown Works</a> jute mill. The chimney takes its name from jute baron James Cox who later became <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lord_Provosts_of_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lord Provosts of Dundee">Provost</a> of the city.</figcaption></figure> In 1911 40% of the city's population was employed in the jute industry. By 1951 this had dropped to 20%, and now is effectively zero.<a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a> The period following World War II was notable for the transformation of the city's economy. While jute still employed one-fifth of the working population, new industries were attracted and encouraged. <a href="/wiki/NCR_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="NCR Corporation">NCR Corporation</a> selected Dundee as the base of operations for the UK in late 1945,<a href="#cite_note-ncr-151">[149]</a> primarily because of the lack of damage the city had sustained in the war, good transport links and high productivity from long hours of sunshine. Production started in the year before the official opening of the plant on 11 June 1947. A fortnight after the tenth anniversary of the plant the 250,000th cash register was produced. By the 1960s, NCR had become the principal employer of the city producing <a href="/wiki/Cash_register" title="Cash register">cash registers</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Automatic_Teller_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic Teller Machine">ATMs</a>, at several of its Dundee plants. The firm developed magnetic-strip readers for cash registers and produced early computers.<a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a> Astral, a Dundee-based firm that manufactured and sold <a href="/wiki/Refrigerators" class="mw-redirect" title="Refrigerators">refrigerators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clothes_dryer" title="Clothes dryer">spin dryers</a> was merged into <a href="/wiki/Morphy_Richards" title="Morphy Richards">Morphy Richards</a> and rapidly expanded to employ over 1,000 people. The development in Dundee of a <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a> <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tyre</a>-production facility helped to absorb the unemployment caused by the decline of the jute industry, particularly with the abolition of the jute control by the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Trade" title="Board of Trade">Board of Trade</a> on 30 April 1969.<a href="#cite_note-153">[151]</a> Employment in Dundee changed dramatically during the 1980s with the loss of nearly 10,000 manufacturing jobs due to closure of the shipyards, cessation of carpet manufacturing and the disappearance of the jute trade. To combat growing unemployment and declining economic conditions, Dundee was declared an <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Enterprise Zone">Enterprise Zone</a> in January 1984. In 1983, the first <a href="/wiki/ZX_Spectrum" title="ZX Spectrum">ZX Spectrum</a> <a href="/wiki/Home_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Home computers">home computers</a> were produced in Dundee by <a href="/wiki/Timex_Group_USA" title="Timex Group USA">Timex</a>. In the same year the company broke production records, despite a <a href="/wiki/Sit-in" title="Sit-in">sit-in</a> by workers protesting against job cuts and plans to demolish one of the factory buildings to make way for a supermarket. Timex closed its Dundee plant in 1993 following an acrimonious six-month <a href="/wiki/Industrial_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial dispute">industrial dispute</a>.<a href="#cite_note-154">[152]</a> The Michelin Tyre factory closed in June 2020, with the loss of 850 jobs.<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a> Dundee is a regional employment and education centre, with around 325,000 people within 30 minutes' drive of the city centre and 860,000 people within one hour.<a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a> Many people from <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">North East Fife</a>, Angus and <a href="/wiki/Perth_and_Kinross" title="Perth and Kinross">Perth and Kinross</a> commute to the city.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> As of 2015, there were 395 employers who employed 250 or more staff; over a five-year period (2011–2015) the number of registered enterprises in Dundee increased by 20.9% from 2,655 to 3,210.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> The largest employers in the city are <a href="/wiki/NHS_Tayside" title="NHS Tayside">NHS Tayside</a>, Dundee City Council, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>, Tayside Contracts, <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a>, <a href="/wiki/D._C._Thomson_%26_Co._Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd">D. C. Thomson & Co</a> and <a href="/wiki/BT_Group_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="BT Group plc">BT</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> Several government agencies and public sector organisations are based in Dundee, such as the <a href="/wiki/Care_Inspectorate_(Scotland)" title="Care Inspectorate (Scotland)">Care Inspectorate (Scotland)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Social_Services_Council" title="Scottish Social Services Council">Scottish Social Services Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_Scotland" title="Social Security Scotland">Social Security Scotland</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ninewells_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ninewells_cropped.jpg/220px-Ninewells_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ninewells_cropped.jpg/330px-Ninewells_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Ninewells_cropped.jpg/440px-Ninewells_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1498" data-file-height="871" /></a><figcaption>Ninewells Hospital, one of the largest employers in the Dundee area</figcaption></figure> Other employers include limited and private companies such as <a href="/wiki/NCR_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="NCR Corporation">NCR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance Trust">Alliance Trust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Bank_of_Scotland" title="Royal Bank of Scotland">Royal Bank of Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asda" title="Asda">Asda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Strathtay" class="mw-redirect" title="Stagecoach Strathtay">Stagecoach Strathtay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokheim" title="Tokheim">Tokheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Citylink" title="Scottish Citylink">Scottish Citylink</a>, Rochen Limited, C J Lang & Son (<a href="/wiki/Spar_(retailer)" title="Spar (retailer)">SPAR Scotland</a>), Joinery and Timber Creations, <a href="/wiki/Xplore_Dundee" title="Xplore Dundee">Xplore Dundee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/W._L._Gore_and_Associates" class="mw-redirect" title="W. L. Gore and Associates">W. L. Gore and Associates</a>. Between 2009 and 2014 the hardest-hit sectors, in terms of jobs, were Information and Communication, Construction and Manufacturing which each lost around 500 full-time jobs. By contrast, the Professional, Scientific and Technical sector saw an upsurge in jobs in addition to the Business Administration and Support Service sector which increased by approximately 1,000 full-time and 300 part-time jobs in the same six-year period.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> Gross median weekly earnings of full-time employees in Dundee in 2015 was £523.50; men received £563.40 and women £451.80.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> Gross weekly pay for all employees in Dundee has increased from £325.00 in 2000 to £380.00 in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Economic_Profile-157">[155]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Biomedical" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomedical">biomedical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a> sectors, including start-up biomedical companies arising from university research, employ just under 1,000 people directly and nearly 2,000 indirectly. Information technology and <a href="/wiki/Video_game_development" title="Video game development">video game development</a> have been important industries in the city for more than 20 years.<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_(26840853589).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg/220px-Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg/330px-Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg/440px-Abend_im_Dundee_Harbour_%2826840853589%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1275" /></a><figcaption>Evening in Dundee docks with the Apex Hotel in the background</figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_North" title="Rockstar North">Rockstar North</a>, developer of <a href="/wiki/Lemmings_(video_game)" title="Lemmings (video game)">Lemmings</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto" title="Grand Theft Auto">Grand Theft Auto</a> series was founded in Dundee as DMA Design by <a href="/wiki/David_Jones_(video_game_developer)" title="David Jones (video game developer)">David Jones</a>; an undergraduate of the <a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> Rockstar Games returned to Dundee in 2020 when they acquired Ruffian Games to form <a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Dundee" title="Rockstar Dundee">Rockstar Dundee</a>. Other game development studios in Dundee include <a href="/wiki/Denki" title="Denki">Denki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dynamo_Games" title="Dynamo Games">Dynamo Games</a>, <a href="/wiki/4J_Studios" title="4J Studios">4J Studios</a> and Outplay Entertainment, among others. Dundee is also a key retail destination for North East Scotland and has been ranked fourth in Retail Rankings in Scotland.<a href="#cite_note-Discover_Dundee_Retail-160">[158]</a> The city centre offers a wide variety of retailers, department stores and independent/specialist stores. The Murraygate and High Street forms the main pedestrian area and is home to a number of main anchors such as <a href="/wiki/M%26S" class="mw-redirect" title="M&S">Marks and Spencer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monsoon_Accessorize" title="Monsoon Accessorize">Accessorise</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Discover_Dundee_Retail-160">[158]</a> The main pedestrian area also connects the two large shopping centres; the 420,000-square-foot (39,000-square-metre) Overgate Centre which is anchored by <a href="/wiki/Primark" title="Primark">Primark</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%26M" title="H&M">H&M</a>, <a href="/wiki/Next_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Next (clothing)">Next</a>, Argos, and <a href="/wiki/The_Perfume_Shop" title="The Perfume Shop">The Perfume Shop</a> and the 310,000-square-foot (29,000-square-metre) Wellgate Centre by <a href="/wiki/Home_Bargains" title="Home Bargains">Home Bargains</a>, <a href="/wiki/T._J._Hughes" title="T. J. Hughes">T. J. Hughes</a>, B&M, Superdrug, Iceland, Holland & Barrett, Poundland, Savers, The Works, Hydro Electric,<a href="#cite_note-Discover_Dundee_Retail-160">[158]</a> Other retail areas in the city include Gallagher Retail Park, Kingsway East Retail Park and Kingsway West Retail Park.<a href="#cite_note-Discover_Dundee_Retail-160">[158]</a> The new Myrekirk Retail Park opened in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Road">edit</a>]</div> Dundee is served by the <a href="/wiki/A90_road" title="A90 road">A90 road</a>, which connects the city to the <a href="/wiki/M90_motorway" title="M90 motorway">M90</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a> in the west with <a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> in the north. The part of the road that is in the city is a <a href="/wiki/Dual_carriageway" title="Dual carriageway">dual carriageway</a> and forms the city's main bypass on its north side, known as the Kingsway. East of the A90's Forfar Road junction, the Kingsway East continues as the <a href="/wiki/A972_road" title="A972 road">A972</a> and meets the <a href="/wiki/A92_road" title="A92 road">A92</a> at the Scott Fyffe roundabout. Travelling east, the A92 connects the city to <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Angus" title="Montrose, Angus">Montrose</a> and to the south with <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, via the <a href="/wiki/Tay_Road_Bridge" title="Tay Road Bridge">Tay Road Bridge</a>. The <a href="/wiki/A930_road" title="A930 road">A930</a> links the city with coastal settlements to the east, including <a href="/wiki/Monifieth" title="Monifieth">Monifieth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie">Carnoustie</a>. Progressing westward from where the A92 meets the Tay Road Bridge at the Riverside Roundabout, the <a href="/wiki/A85_road" title="A85 road">A85</a> follows the southern boundary of the city along Riverside Drive and towards the A90 at the Swallow Roundabout. The A85 multiplexes with the A90 and diverges again at Perth. Also meeting the A92 and A85 at the Riverside Roundabout is the <a href="/wiki/A991_road" title="A991 road">A991</a> Inner Ring Road, which surrounds the perimeter of the city centre, returning to the A92 on the east side of the Tay Road Bridge. The <a href="/wiki/A923_road" title="A923 road">A923</a> Dundee to <a href="/wiki/Dunkeld" title="Dunkeld">Dunkeld</a> road meets the A991 at the Dudhope Roundabout, and the <a href="/wiki/A929_road" class="mw-redirect" title="A929 road">A929</a> links the A991 to the A90 via Forfar Road. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus">Bus</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Bus">edit</a>]</div> Dundee has an extensive network of bus routes. The <a href="/wiki/Seagate_bus_station" title="Seagate bus station">Seagate bus station</a> is the city's main terminus for journeys out of town. <a href="/wiki/Xplore_Dundee" title="Xplore Dundee">Xplore Dundee</a> operates most of the intra-city services, with other more rural services operated by <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Strathtay" class="mw-redirect" title="Stagecoach Strathtay">Stagecoach Strathtay</a> and Moffat & Williamson.<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> The city's two railway stations are the main <a href="/wiki/Dundee_railway_station" title="Dundee railway station">Dundee station</a>, near the waterfront, which has now finished re-construction as part of the waterfront re-development programme and the much smaller <a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry_railway_station" title="Broughty Ferry railway station">Broughty Ferry station</a> at the eastern end of the city. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg/220px-Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg/330px-Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg/440px-Dundee_Railway_Station_and_Sleeperz_Hotel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>External view of the rebuilt entrance to <a href="/wiki/Dundee_railway_station" title="Dundee railway station">Dundee railway station</a> after its 2018 reopening</figcaption></figure> There are also many inter-city bus services offered by <a href="/wiki/Megabus_(Europe)" title="Megabus (Europe)">Megabus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Citylink" title="Scottish Citylink">Citylink</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Express_Coaches" title="National Express Coaches">National Express</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail,_air_and_sea">Rail, air and sea</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Rail, air and sea">edit</a>]</div> Passenger services at Dundee are provided by <a href="/wiki/ScotRail" title="ScotRail">ScotRail</a>, <a href="/wiki/CrossCountry" title="CrossCountry">CrossCountry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caledonian_Sleeper" title="Caledonian Sleeper">Caledonian Sleeper</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_North_Eastern_Railway" title="London North Eastern Railway">London North Eastern Railway</a>. There are other nearby stations at <a href="/wiki/Invergowrie_railway_station" title="Invergowrie railway station">Invergowrie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balmossie_railway_station" title="Balmossie railway station">Balmossie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monifieth_railway_station" title="Monifieth railway station">Monifieth</a>. No freight trains have served the city since the <a href="/wiki/Freightliner_Group" title="Freightliner Group">Freightliner</a> terminal in Dundee was closed in the 1980s. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DND_Airport_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/DND_Airport_Building.jpg/220px-DND_Airport_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/DND_Airport_Building.jpg/330px-DND_Airport_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/DND_Airport_Building.jpg/440px-DND_Airport_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="453" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Airport" title="Dundee Airport">Dundee Airport</a> in 2021</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Airport" title="Dundee Airport">Dundee Airport</a> offers commercial flights to <a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport" title="Heathrow Airport">Heathrow Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirkwall_Airport" title="Kirkwall Airport">Kirkwall Airport</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sumburgh_Airport" title="Sumburgh Airport">Sumburgh (Shetland)</a> by <a href="/wiki/Loganair" title="Loganair">Loganair</a>. The airport is capable of serving small aircraft and is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the city centre, adjacent to the River Tay. The nearest major international airport is <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Airport" title="Edinburgh Airport">Edinburgh Airport</a>, 59.2 miles (95.3 km) to the south. The cargo port of Dundee is one of the largest economic generators in the city and is operated by <a href="/wiki/Forth_Ports" title="Forth Ports">Forth Ports</a>. Seafarers arriving at the port are offered welfare and pastoral assistance by seafarers charity <a href="/wiki/Apostleship_of_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostleship of the Sea">Apostleship of the Sea</a>. The seaport in recent years has saw a significant increase in cruises arriving at port. In 2023, <a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Cruise_Line" title="Ambassador Cruise Line">Ambassador Cruise Line</a> made Dundee a port call following the launch of their second ship <a href="/wiki/MS_Ambition" title="MS Ambition">Ambition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a> Cruises from Dundee depart to <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, France, Spain, Sweden, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">the Netherlands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Dundee" title="List of schools in Dundee">List of schools in Dundee</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dundee_University.jpg/220px-Dundee_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dundee_University.jpg/330px-Dundee_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Dundee_University.jpg/440px-Dundee_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The University of Dundee</figcaption></figure> Dundee is home to two universities and a student population of approximately 20,000.<a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a> became an independent entity in 1967, after 70 years of being incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a>. It was founded in 1881 by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Ann_Baxter" title="Mary Ann Baxter">Mary Ann Baxter</a> and her distant cousin John Boyd Baxter as University College, Dundee, and teaching began in 1883. It fully merged with the University of St Andrews in 1897 and was reorganised as Queen's College, Dundee in 1954.<a href="#cite_note-Records_of_the_University-167">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-A_Dundee_Celebration-168">[166]</a> Significant research in <a href="/wiki/Biomedical" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomedical">biomedical</a> fields is carried out in the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Life_Sciences_(University_of_Dundee)" title="School of Life Sciences (University of Dundee)">School of Life Sciences</a>.<a href="#cite_note-College_of_Life_Sciences-169">[167]</a> The university is also home to <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law_School" title="Dundee Law School">Dundee Law School</a>,<a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> situated in the Scrymgeour Building on the main campus and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee_School_of_Medicine" title="University of Dundee School of Medicine">School of Medicine</a>, based at the city's <a href="/wiki/Ninewells_Hospital" title="Ninewells Hospital">Ninewells Hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-171">[169]</a> The university also incorporates the <a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art_and_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design</a> and the teacher training college. <a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay University</a> was founded as Dundee Institute of Technology in 1888. Previously, the buildings formed Bell Street Technical College, a further education college. It was granted university status in 1994 under the <a href="/wiki/Further_and_Higher_Education_Act,_1992" class="mw-redirect" title="Further and Higher Education Act, 1992">Further and Higher Education Act, 1992</a>. The university is noted for its computing and creative technology courses, particularly in the fields of <a href="/wiki/Computer_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer games">computer games</a> technology and <a href="/wiki/Computer_security" title="Computer security">cyber-security</a>.<a href="#cite_note-money_for_computer_games_centre-172">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[171]</a> Notable alumni include <a href="/wiki/David_Jones_(video_game_developer)" title="David Jones (video game developer)">David Jones</a>, founder of DMA Design (now known as <a href="/wiki/Rockstar_North" title="Rockstar North">Rockstar North</a>), Sir <a href="/wiki/Brian_Souter" title="Brian Souter">Brian Souter</a>, founder of <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Group" title="Stagecoach Group">Stagecoach</a>, and Lord <a href="/wiki/Iain_McNicol" title="Iain McNicol">Iain McNicol</a>, former <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Labour_Party" title="General Secretary of the Labour Party">General Secretary of the Labour Party</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dundee_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Dundee College">Dundee College</a> is the city's umbrella <a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">further education</a> college, which was established in 1985 as an institution of higher education and vocational training. As of 2013, it merged with <a href="/wiki/Angus_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Angus College">Angus College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a>, to become <a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Angus_College" title="Dundee and Angus College">Dundee and Angus College</a> (D&A college). The Al-Maktoum College of Higher Education was established in Dundee in Blackness Road in 2002. It is a research-led institution of higher education which are currently offering programmes accredited by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Qualifications_Authority" title="Scottish Qualifications Authority">SQA</a> in the study of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>, Arabic language and Islamic Economics and Finance. It is an independent institution. It is named after its patron, <a href="/wiki/Hamdan_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoum" title="Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum">Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[172]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg/220px-Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg/330px-Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg/440px-Moragn_Academy_Dundee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>Morgan Academy Dundee</figcaption></figure> Schools in Dundee have a pupil enrolment of over 20,300. There are 37 primary state schools and 8 secondary state schools in the city. There are 11 primary and 2 secondary Roman Catholic denominational schools which, as in the rest of Scotland, are open to children of all denominations.<a href="#cite_note-175">[173]</a> The remainder are non-denominational.<a href="#cite_note-176">[174]</a> There is also one specialist school that caters for pupils with learning difficulties aged between five and 18 from Dundee and the surrounding area.<a href="#cite_note-177">[175]</a> Dundee has one independent school, the <a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Dundee" title="High School of Dundee">High School of Dundee</a>, which was founded in the 13th century by the <a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lindores_Abbey" title="Lindores Abbey">Lindores Abbey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[176]</a> The current building was designed by George Angus in a Greek Revival style and built in 1832–34.<a href="#cite_note-179">[177]</a> Notable students in the early modern period included <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thomson_(chemist)" title="Thomas Thomson (chemist)">Thomas Thomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hector_Boece" title="Hector Boece">Hector Boece</a>,<a href="#cite_note-180">[178]</a> and the brothers <a href="/wiki/James,_John_and_Robert_Wedderburn" class="mw-redirect" title="James, John and Robert Wedderburn">James, John and Robert Wedderburn</a> who were the authors of <a href="/wiki/The_Gude_and_Godlie_Ballatis" class="mw-redirect" title="The Gude and Godlie Ballatis">The Gude and Godlie Ballatis</a>, used early in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Scottish Reformation</a> as a vehicle to spread Protestant theology.<a href="#cite_note-181">[179]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Blind_Harry" title="Blind Harry">Blind Harry</a>'s largely apocryphal work <a href="/wiki/The_Actes_and_Deidis_of_the_Illustre_and_Vallyeant_Campioun_Schir_William_Wallace" class="mw-redirect" title="The Actes and Deidis of the Illustre and Vallyeant Campioun Schir William Wallace">The Actes and Deidis of the Illustre and Vallyeant Campioun Schir William Wallace</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Wallace" title="William Wallace">William Wallace</a> was also educated in Dundee. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> Dundee made a bid to be named the 2017 <a href="/wiki/UK_City_of_Culture" title="UK City of Culture">UK City of Culture</a>, and on 19 June 2013 was named as one of the four short-listed cities alongside <a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Kingston upon Hull">Hull</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leicester" title="Leicester">Leicester</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swansea_Bay" title="Swansea Bay">Swansea Bay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-182">[180]</a> Ultimately, Dundee's bid was unsuccessful, with Hull winning the contest.<a href="#cite_note-TelegraphCultureBid-183">[181]</a> Dundee came in fifth place in a newspaper survey regarding numbers of cultural venues in the United Kingdom, ahead of other Scottish cities.<a href="#cite_note-184">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[183]</a> In August 2021, Dundee made a joint bid with <a href="/wiki/Perth_and_Kinross" title="Perth and Kinross">Perth and Kinross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a> for the UK City of Culture again in 2025 under the title of 'Tay Cities'.<a href="#cite_note-186">[184]</a> Dundee also went to bid to become the <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> in 2023 but due to <a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">the United Kingdom voting to leave the European Union</a> in June 2016, Dundee's bid, along with those of other British cities submitting bids, was discontinued by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>.<a href="#cite_note-187">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums_and_galleries">Museums and galleries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Museums and galleries">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:McManus_Galleries.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/McManus_Galleries.jpg/220px-McManus_Galleries.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/McManus_Galleries.jpg/330px-McManus_Galleries.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/McManus_Galleries.jpg/440px-McManus_Galleries.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1928" data-file-height="1441" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/McManus_Galleries" class="mw-redirect" title="McManus Galleries">McManus Galleries</a> in the city's Albert Square</figcaption></figure> The city's main museum and art gallery, <a href="/wiki/McManus_Galleries" class="mw-redirect" title="McManus Galleries">McManus Galleries</a>, is in Albert Square.<a href="#cite_note-189">[187]</a> The exhibits include work by <a href="/wiki/James_McIntosh_Patrick" title="James McIntosh Patrick">James McIntosh Patrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Morrocco" title="Alberto Morrocco">Alberto Morrocco</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_McClure_(artist)" title="David McClure (artist)">David McClure</a> amongst the collection of fine and decorative art, items from Dundee's history and natural history artefacts. <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Contemporary_Arts" title="Dundee Contemporary Arts">Dundee Contemporary Arts</a> (abbreviated DCA) opened in 1999 is an international art centre in the Nethergate close to Dundee Rep, which houses two contemporary art galleries, a two-screen arthouse cinema, a print studio, a visual research centre and a café bar.<a href="#cite_note-190">[188]</a> Britain's only full-time public <a href="/wiki/Observatory" title="Observatory">observatory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mills_Observatory" title="Mills Observatory">Mills Observatory</a> at the summit of the city's <a href="/wiki/Balgay" title="Balgay">Balgay</a> Hill, was given to the city by linen manufacturer and keen amateur scientist John Mills in 1935.<a href="#cite_note-191">[189]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Science_Centre" title="Dundee Science Centre">Dundee Science Centre</a> in the Greenmarket is a science centre based on the five senses with a series of interactive shows and exhibits.<a href="#cite_note-192">[190]</a> <a href="/wiki/Verdant_Works" title="Verdant Works">Verdant Works</a> is a museum dedicated to the once dominant jute industry in Dundee and is based in a former jute mill.<a href="#cite_note-193">[191]</a> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a> also runs several public museums and galleries, including the D'Arcy Thompson Zoology Museum and the Tayside Medical History Museum. The university, through <a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art_and_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design</a> also offers the Cooper Gallery for contemporary art, and its archives including: the abcD (artists' books collection Dundee); the REWIND Archive (video art collection); and the <a href="/wiki/Richard_Demarco" title="Richard Demarco">Richard Demarco</a> Digital Archive. The <a href="/wiki/V%26A_Dundee" title="V&A Dundee">V&A Dundee</a> Museum of Design opened in September 2018 and is built south of Craig Harbour onto the <a href="/wiki/River_Tay" title="River Tay">River Tay</a> in a building designed by <a href="/wiki/Kengo_Kuma" title="Kengo Kuma">Kengo Kuma</a>. It was officially opened by the <a href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince William, Duke of Cambridge">Earl and Countess of Strathearn</a> in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-194">[192]</a> It is the centrepiece of the city's waterfront redevelopment. The new museum may bring another 500,000 extra visitors to the city and create up to 900 jobs.<a href="#cite_note-V&A_Museum_of_Design,_Dundee-195">[193]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries,_Dundee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg/220px-%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg/330px-%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg/440px-%22The_Riders_of_the_Sidhe%22_John_Duncan_1911_McManus_Galleries%2C_Dundee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="884" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>"The Riders of the Sidhe" John Duncan 1911 McManus Galleries, Dundee</figcaption></figure> The city's archival records are mostly kept by two archives: Dundee City Archives, operated by <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>'s Archive Services. Dundee City Archives holds the official records of the city and of the former <a href="/wiki/Tayside_Regional_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Tayside Regional Council">Tayside Regional Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-City_Archives-196">[194]</a> The archive also holds the records of various people, groups and organisations connected to the city. The university's Archive Services hold a wide range of material relating to the university and its predecessor institutions and to individuals associated with the university, such as <a href="/wiki/D%27Arcy_Wentworth_Thompson" title="D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson">D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson</a>. Archive Services also holds the archives of several individuals, businesses and organisations based in Dundee and the surrounding area.<a href="#cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services-197">[195]</a> The records held include a substantial number of business archives relating to the jute and linen industry in Dundee; records of other businesses including the archives of the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance Trust">Alliance Trust</a> and the department store G. L. Wilson; the records of the Brechin Diocese of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/NHS_Tayside" title="NHS Tayside">NHS Tayside</a> Archive.<a href="#cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services2-198">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-Archives,_Records_and_Artefacts-199">[197]</a> The same archive also holds the <a href="/wiki/Michael_Peto" title="Michael Peto">Michael Peto</a> collection which includes thousands of the <a href="/wiki/Photojournalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Photojournalist">photojournalist</a>'s photographs, negatives, slides, publications and papers.<a href="#cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services_Peto-200">[198]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Literature">edit</a>]</div> Dundee has a strong literary heritage, with several authors having been born, lived or studied in the city. These include <a href="/wiki/A._L._Kennedy" title="A. L. Kennedy">A. L. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosamunde_Pilcher" title="Rosamunde Pilcher">Rosamunde Pilcher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kate_Atkinson_(writer)" title="Kate Atkinson (writer)">Kate Atkinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dick_(scientist)" title="Thomas Dick (scientist)">Thomas Dick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">Mary Shelley</a>, Mick McCluskey, <a href="/wiki/John_Burnside_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Burnside (writer)">John Burnside</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neil_Forsyth" title="Neil Forsyth">Neil Forsyth</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_International_Book_Prize" title="Dundee International Book Prize">Dundee International Book Prize</a> is a biennial competition open to new authors, offering a prize of £10,000 and publication by Polygon Books. Past winners have included: Andrew Murray Scott, Claire-Marie Watson and Malcolm Archibald. <a href="/wiki/William_McGonagall" title="William McGonagall">William McGonagall</a>, regularly cited as the "world's worst poet",<a href="#cite_note-World's_Worst_Poet-201">[199]</a> worked and wrote in the city, often giving performances of his work in pubs and bars. Many of his poems are about the city and events therein, such as his work The Tay Bridge Disaster. Dundee's poetic heritage is represented by the 2013 poetry anthology Whaleback City edited by W. N. Herbert and Andy Jackson (Dundee University Press) containing poems by McGonagall, Don Paterson, Douglas Dunn, John Burnside and many others. City of Recovery Press was founded in Dundee, and has become a controversial figure in documenting the darker side of the city.<a href="#cite_note-202">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Cinema">edit</a>]</div> The Dundee Mountain Film Festival (DMFF), held in the last weekend of November, presents the best presenters and films of the year in mountaineering, mountain culture and adventure sport, along with an art and trade exhibition.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_festival-203">[201]</a> DMFF is also one of the members of International Alliance for Mountain Film (IAMF)<a href="#cite_note-International_Alliance-204">[202]</a> among other important international <a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">mountain film</a> festivals. <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Contemporary_Arts" title="Dundee Contemporary Arts">Dundee Contemporary Arts</a> hosts an annual horror film festival called Dundead, which started in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-205">[203]</a> It also hosts the Discovery Film Festival, an international film festival targeted for young audiences.<a href="#cite_note-206">[204]</a> The city also has two <a href="/wiki/Multiplex_(movie_theater)" title="Multiplex (movie theater)">Multiplex</a> cinemas, <a href="/wiki/Odeon_Cinemas" title="Odeon Cinemas">Odeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cineworld" title="Cineworld">Cineworld</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre,_drama,_dance">Theatre, drama, dance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Theatre, drama, dance">edit</a>]</div> Dundee is home to a full-time <a href="/wiki/Repertory" class="mw-redirect" title="Repertory">repertory</a> ensemble, which originated in 1939. One of its alumni, Hollywood actor <a href="/wiki/Brian_Cox_(actor)" title="Brian Cox (actor)">Brian Cox</a>, is a native of the city.<a href="#cite_note-207">[205]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Repertory_Theatre" title="Dundee Repertory Theatre">Dundee Repertory Theatre</a>, built in 1982, is also the base for the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Dance_Theatre" title="Scottish Dance Theatre">Scottish Dance Theatre</a> company. The Whitehall Theatre opened in 1969.<a href="#cite_note-208">[206]</a> The Little Theatre at the foot of the Hilltown is home to and maintained by Dundee Dramatic Society.<a href="#cite_note-209">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> Dundee's principal concert <a href="/wiki/Auditorium" title="Auditorium">auditorium</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caird_Hall" title="Caird Hall">Caird Hall</a> (named after its benefactor, the jute baron <a href="/wiki/James_Key_Caird" class="mw-redirect" title="James Key Caird">James Key Caird</a>) in the City Square regularly hosts the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Scottish_National_Orchestra" title="Royal Scottish National Orchestra">Royal Scottish National Orchestra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-210">[208]</a> Various smaller venues host local and international musicians during Dundee's annual <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a>, Guitar and <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a> Festivals. Dundee has hosted the <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_M%C3%B2d" title="Royal National Mòd">National Mod</a> a number of times – 1902, 1913, 1937, 1959 and 1974.<a href="#cite_note-SMO-211">[209]</a> Dundee also hosted <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_1%27s_Big_Weekend" title="BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend">BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend</a> back in 2006 and was due to host for a second time in 2020 but it was cancelled due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. Dundee hosted the event again on 26th-28 May 2023 at Camperdown Park in the north-west of the city.<a href="#cite_note-212">[210]</a> Popular music groups such as the 1970s <a href="/wiki/Soul-funk" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul-funk">soul-funk</a> outfit <a href="/wiki/Average_White_Band" title="Average White Band">Average White Band</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Associates_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Associates (band)">Associates</a>, the band <a href="/wiki/Spare_Snare" title="Spare Snare">Spare Snare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danny_Wilson_(band)" title="Danny Wilson (band)">Danny Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hazey_Janes" title="The Hazey Janes">the Hazey Janes</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a> bands <a href="/wiki/The_View_(band)" title="The View (band)">the View</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Law_(Scotland_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Law (Scotland band)">the Law</a> are from Dundee. Musician, songwriter and performer <a href="/wiki/Michael_Marra" title="Michael Marra">Michael Marra</a> was born and raised in Dundee. <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ross_(musician)" title="Ricky Ross (musician)">Ricky Ross</a> of <a href="/wiki/Deacon_Blue" title="Deacon Blue">Deacon Blue</a> and singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/KT_Tunstall" title="KT Tunstall">KT Tunstall</a> are former pupils of the <a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Dundee" title="High School of Dundee">High School of Dundee</a>, although Tunstall is not a native of the city.<a href="#cite_note-Almost_Famous-213">[211]</a> The Northern Irish indie rock band <a href="/wiki/Snow_Patrol" title="Snow Patrol">Snow Patrol</a> was formed by students at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Snow_Patrol-214">[212]</a> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Molko" title="Brian Molko">Brian Molko</a>, lead singer of <a href="/wiki/Placebo_(band)" title="Placebo (band)">Placebo</a>, grew up in the city<a href="#cite_note-NME_Interview-215">[213]</a> as did <a href="/wiki/Ian_Cussick" title="Ian Cussick">Ian Cussick</a>, singer of <a href="/wiki/Lake_(German_band)" title="Lake (German band)">Lake</a>. At the end of June, Dundee hosts an annual <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> festival known as the Dundee Blues Bonanza.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Blues_Bonanza-216">[214]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_(post_refurb).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg/220px-DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg/330px-DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg/440px-DC_Thomson_Dundee_Meadowside_south_east_face_%28post_refurb%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2430" /></a><figcaption>Dundee Headquarters of <a href="/wiki/DC_Thomson" title="DC Thomson">DC Thomson</a> & Co.</figcaption></figure> Dundee is home to DC Thomson & Co. Ltd, established in 1905, which produces over 200 million magazines, newspapers and comics every year; these include <a href="/wiki/The_Beano" title="The Beano">The Beano</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Dandy" title="The Dandy">The Dandy</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Press_and_Journal" title="The Press and Journal">The Press and Journal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Discover_Dundee_Retail-160">[158]</a> Dundee is home to one of eleven <a href="/wiki/BBC_Scotland" title="BBC Scotland">BBC Scotland</a> broadcasting centres, located within the Nethergate Centre.<a href="#cite_note-Contact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland-217">[215]</a> <a href="/wiki/STV_North" class="mw-redirect" title="STV North">STV North</a>'s Tayside news and advertising operations are based in the Seabraes area of the city, from where an STV News Tayside opt-out bulletin is broadcast, (though not on Digital Satellite), within the nightly regional news programme, <a href="/wiki/STV_News_at_Six" class="mw-redirect" title="STV News at Six">STV News at Six</a>. The city also had a community internet TV station called The Dundee Channel which was launched on 1 September 2009. Dundee formerly had three local radio stations that were based in the city. Radio Tay was launched on 17 October 1980.<a href="#cite_note-Radio_Tay's_first_day-218">[216]</a> The station split frequencies in January 1995, launching <a href="/wiki/Tay_FM" title="Tay FM">Tay FM</a> for a younger audience and Tay AM playing classic hits (now called <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio_Tayside_%26_Fife" title="Greatest Hits Radio Tayside & Fife">Greatest Hits Radio Tayside & Fife</a>). Neither Tay FM or Greatest Hits Radio are based within the city of Dundee, with their only locally targeted show (Tay FM breakfast) being broadcast from a Bauer studio in Edinburgh. In 1999, Discovery 102 was launched, later to be renamed <a href="/wiki/Wave_102" class="mw-redirect" title="Wave 102">Wave 102</a> following a claim by <a href="/wiki/The_Discovery_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="The Discovery Channel">The Discovery Channel</a> that the station could mistakenly be linked to its brand. The station was further rebranded to Wave FM and Pure Radio. The 102FM frequency now carries a relay of Aberdeen-based radio station <a href="/wiki/Original_106_(Scotland)" title="Original 106 (Scotland)">Original 106 (Scotland)</a> which features news and commercials exclusively for Tayside. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Landmarks">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Mary%27s_Tower,_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg/180px-St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg/270px-St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg/360px-St._Mary%27s_Tower%2C_Dundee_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1204975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>St Mary's Tower, oldest building in Dundee, dating to late 15th century</figcaption></figure> The city and its landscape are dominated by <a href="/wiki/Law,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Law, Dundee">The Law</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Firth_of_Tay" title="Firth of Tay">Firth of Tay</a>. The Law, a large hill to the north of the <a href="/wiki/City_Centre,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="City Centre, Dundee">City Centre</a> was the site of an <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a> <a href="/wiki/Hill_Fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Hill Fort">Hill Fort</a>, upon which the Law War Memorial, designed by Thomas Braddock, was erected in 1921 to commemorate the fallen of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-219">[217]</a> The waterfront, much altered by <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">reclamation</a> in the 19th century, retains several of the docks that once were the hub of the jute and whaling industries, including the Camperdown and Victoria Docks.<a href="#cite_note-220">[218]</a> The Victoria Dock is the home of the frigate <a href="/wiki/HMS_Unicorn_(1824)" title="HMS Unicorn (1824)">HMS Unicorn</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_Carr_Lightship" title="North Carr Lightship">North Carr Lightship</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Robert_Falcon_Scott" title="Robert Falcon Scott">Captain Scott</a>'s <a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery">RRS Discovery</a> occupies Craig Pier, from where the ferries to <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a> once sailed. The oldest building in the city is St Mary's Tower, which dates from the late 15th century.<a href="#cite_note-221">[219]</a> This forms part of the City Churches, which consist of St Clement's Church, dating to 1787–8 and built by Samuel Bell, Old St Paul's and St David's Church, built in 1841–42 by <a href="/wiki/William_Burn" title="William Burn">William Burn</a>, and St Mary's Church, rebuilt in 1843–44, also by Burn, following a fire.<a href="#cite_note-222">[220]</a> Other significant churches in the city include the Gothic Revival <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Paul's Cathedral, Dundee">St Paul's Episcopal Cathedral</a>, built by <a href="/wiki/George_Gilbert_Scott" title="George Gilbert Scott">Sir George Gilbert Scott</a> in 1853 on the former site of Dundee Castle in the High Street,<a href="#cite_note-223">[221]</a> and the Catholic <a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Andrew's Cathedral, Dundee">St. Andrew's Cathedral</a>, built in 1835 by George Mathewson in Nethergate.<a href="#cite_note-224">[222]</a> As a result of the destruction suffered during the <a href="/wiki/Rough_Wooing" title="Rough Wooing">Rough Wooing</a>, little of the mediaeval city (aside from St Mary's Tower) remains and the earliest surviving domestic structures date from the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Early_Modern_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Scotland in the Early Modern Era">Early Modern Era</a>. A notable example is the Wishart Arch (or East Port) in Cowgate. It is the last surviving portion of the city walls. Dating from prior to 1548, it owes its continued existence to its association with the Protestant <a href="/wiki/Martyr" title="Martyr">martyr</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Wishart" title="George Wishart">George Wishart</a>, who is said to have preached to plague victims from the East Port in 1544.<a href="#cite_note-225">[223]</a> Another is the building complex on the High Street known as <a href="/wiki/Gardyne%27s_Land,_Dundee" title="Gardyne's Land, Dundee">Gardyne's Land</a>, parts of which date from around 1560.<a href="#cite_note-226">[224]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Howff" title="The Howff">The Howff</a> burial ground in the northern part of the City Centre also dates from this time; it was given to the city by Mary Queen of Scots in 1564, having previously served as the grounds of a <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> abbey.<a href="#cite_note-227">[225]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claypotts_castle_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Claypotts_castle_01.jpg/220px-Claypotts_castle_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Claypotts_castle_01.jpg/330px-Claypotts_castle_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Claypotts_castle_01.jpg/440px-Claypotts_castle_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="609" /></a><figcaption>Claypotts Castle, dating from the late 16th century</figcaption></figure> Several castles can be found in Dundee, mostly from the Early Modern Era. The earliest parts of <a href="/wiki/Mains_Castle" title="Mains Castle">Mains Castle</a> in Caird Park were built by David Graham in 1562 on the site of a hunting lodge of 1460.<a href="#cite_note-228">[226]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dudhope_Castle" title="Dudhope Castle">Dudhope Castle</a>, originally the seat of the Scrymgeour family, dates to the late 16th century and was built on the site of a keep of 1460.<a href="#cite_note-229">[227]</a> <a href="/wiki/Claypotts_Castle" title="Claypotts Castle">Claypotts Castle</a>, a striking Z plan castle in West Ferry, was built by John Strachan and dates from 1569 to 1588.<a href="#cite_note-230">[228]</a> In 1495 <a href="/wiki/Broughty_Castle" title="Broughty Castle">Broughty Castle</a> was built and remained in use as a major defensive structure until 1932, playing a role in the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Scottish_Wars" title="Anglo-Scottish Wars">Anglo-Scottish Wars</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_in_the_Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms">Wars of the Three Kingdoms</a>. The castle stands on a shallow tip projecting into the Firth, alongside two beaches, one of sand, the other of pebbles. The ruins of <a href="/wiki/Powrie_Castle" title="Powrie Castle">Powrie Castle</a>, north of Fintry, date from the 16th-century castle north.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>]<a href="#cite_note-231">[229]</a> North of the City Churches, at the end of Reform Street, lies the <a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Dundee" title="High School of Dundee">High School of Dundee</a>, built in 1829–34 by George Angus in a Greek Revival style.<a href="#cite_note-232">[230]</a> Another school building of note is <a href="/wiki/Morgan_Academy" title="Morgan Academy">Morgan Academy</a> on Forfar Road, built in 1863, designed by <a href="/wiki/John_Dick_Peddie" title="John Dick Peddie">John Dick Peddie</a> in a Dutch Gothic style.<a href="#cite_note-233">[231]</a> Dundee's industrial history as a centre for textile production is apparent throughout the city. Numerous former jute mills remain standing and while some lay derelict, many have been converted for other uses. Of particular note are the Tay Works, built by the Gilroy Brothers <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1850–1865,<a href="#cite_note-234">[232]</a> <a href="/wiki/Camperdown_Works" title="Camperdown Works">Camperdown Works</a> in Lochee, which built and owned by Cox Brothers, one of Europe's largest jute manufacturing companies, and begun in 1849,<a href="#cite_note-235">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cox_Bros-236">[234]</a> and Upper Dens Mill and Lower Dens Works, built by the Baxter Brothers in the mid-19th century.<a href="#cite_note-237">[235]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Duncan_Mitchell,_Lusitania_1915,_Western_Cemetery,_Dundee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg/220px-James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg/330px-James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg/440px-James_Duncan_Mitchell%2C_Lusitania_1915%2C_Western_Cemetery%2C_Dundee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>James Duncan Mitchell, died on the Lusitania in 1915, interred at Western Cemetery, Dundee</figcaption></figure> A more recent landmark is the 140-foot (43 m) Tower Building of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a> built between 1959 and 1961. At the time of its construction only the Old Steeple was taller in the city. The Tower was built to replace the original college buildings which stood on the site.<a href="#cite_note-Tower-238">[236]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tower_News-239">[237]</a> The building houses the university's main administration and includes galleries and the university's Archive, Records Management and Museum Services.<a href="#cite_note-Tower_Building-240">[238]</a> Many 1960s landmark multi-storey housing buildings were demolished in the late 2000s. The former Tayside House block, nicknamed 'Faulty Towers' by many local people, was demolished in 2013 as part of the waterfront redevelopment program.<a href="#cite_note-Muncher-241">[239]</a> According to the architectural historian <a href="/wiki/Charles_McKean" title="Charles McKean">Charles McKean</a> and his co-authors of Lost Dundee, the best views in the city were from Tayside House, because these were the only views from which the building itself could not be seen.<a href="#cite_note-LostTayHouse-242">[240]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport_and_recreation">Sport and recreation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Sport and recreation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Football">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law,_December_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg/220px-Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg/330px-Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg/440px-Dundee_football_grounds_from_Dundee_Law%2C_December_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dens_Park" title="Dens Park">Dens Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tannadice_Park" title="Tannadice Park">Tannadice Park</a></figcaption></figure> Dundee has two professional <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> clubs: <a href="/wiki/Dundee_F.C." title="Dundee F.C.">Dundee</a>, founded in 1893, and <a href="/wiki/Dundee_United_F.C." title="Dundee United F.C.">Dundee United</a>, founded in 1909 as Dundee Hibernian. Dundee FC and Dundee United currently play in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Premiership" title="Scottish Premiership">Scottish Premiership</a>. Their grounds <a href="/wiki/The_ScotFoam_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="The ScotFoam Stadium">the ScotFoam Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tannadice_Park" title="Tannadice Park">Tannadice Park</a> are just 100 metres apart, closer together than any other football stadiums in the UK. The <a href="/wiki/Dundee_derby" title="Dundee derby">Dundee derby</a> is one of the most highly anticipated fixtures in Scottish football. Dundee is one of four British cities to have produced two <a href="/wiki/European_Champion_Clubs%27_Cup" title="European Champion Clubs' Cup">European Cup</a> semi-finalists. Dundee lost to <a href="/wiki/A.C._Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="A.C. Milan">A.C. Milan</a> in <a href="/wiki/European_Cup_1962-63#Semi_finals" class="mw-redirect" title="European Cup 1962-63">1963</a><a href="#cite_note-Dundee,_European_Cup_History-243">[241]</a> and Dundee United lost to <a href="/wiki/A.S._Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="A.S. Roma">A.S. Roma</a> in <a href="/wiki/European_Cup_1983-84#Semi-finals" class="mw-redirect" title="European Cup 1983-84">1984</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_United,_European_Cup_History-244">[242]</a> Dundee also reached the semi-finals of the forerunner to the UEFA Cup in <a href="/wiki/Inter-Cities_Fairs_Cup_1967-68#Semifinals" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-Cities Fairs Cup 1967-68">1968</a> and Dundee United were runners-up in the UEFA Cup in <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Cup_1986-87#Final" class="mw-redirect" title="UEFA Cup 1986-87">1987</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_United,_UEFA_Cup_History-245">[243]</a> There are also seven junior football teams in the area: <a href="/wiki/Dundee_North_End_F.C." title="Dundee North End F.C.">Dundee North End</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Craigie_F.C." title="East Craigie F.C.">East Craigie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lochee_Harp_F.C." title="Lochee Harp F.C.">Lochee Harp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lochee_United_F.C." title="Lochee United F.C.">Lochee United</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Violet_F.C." title="Dundee Violet F.C.">Dundee Violet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Broughty_Athletic_F.C." title="Broughty Athletic F.C.">Broughty Athletic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Downfield_F.C." title="Downfield F.C.">Downfield</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Scottish_Junior_Football_Clubs_A–K-246">[244]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Ice hockey">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Stars" title="Dundee Stars">Dundee Stars</a>, the main <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> team, play at the <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Ice_Arena" title="Dundee Ice Arena">Dundee Ice Arena</a>. The team joined the <a href="/wiki/Elite_Ice_Hockey_League" title="Elite Ice Hockey League">Elite League</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%9311_EIHL_season" title="2010–11 EIHL season">2010/2011 season</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_Stars_join_Elite-247">[245]</a> They are one of three professional ice hockey teams in Scotland, and play against teams from England, Wales and Northern Ireland in the Elite League. In the 2013/2014 season, Dundee Stars won the Gardiner Conference trophy, their only one to date. The majority of the players are from Canada and the United States. Marc LeFebvre is the current head coach and general manager of the Dundee Stars.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There also is an amateur ice hockey team, <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Rockets" title="Dundee Rockets">Dundee Rockets</a>, who play in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_League_(ice_hockey)" title="Scottish National League (ice hockey)">Scottish National League</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rugby">Rugby</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Rugby">edit</a>]</div> The city is also home to six <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> teams. <a href="/wiki/Dundee_HSFP" title="Dundee HSFP">Dundee High School Former Pupils</a> play in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_League_Division_One" title="Scottish National League Division One">Scottish National League Division One</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dundee_HSFP-248">[246]</a> the second tier of Scottish club rugby. The remainder of the teams compete in the <a href="/wiki/Caledonia_Regional_League" title="Caledonia Regional League">Caledonia Regional League</a> – <a href="/wiki/Harris_Academy_RFC" class="mw-redirect" title="Harris Academy RFC">Harris Academy FP</a> play in Caledonia Division One,<a href="#cite_note-Harris_Academy-249">[247]</a> <a href="/wiki/Morgan_Academy_FP_RFC" class="mw-redirect" title="Morgan Academy FP RFC">Morgan Academy FP</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panmure_RFC" title="Panmure RFC">Panmure</a> in Caledonia Division Two Midlands,<a href="#cite_note-Morgan_Academy-250">[248]</a> Dundee University Medics and Stobswell in Caledonia Division Three Midlands.<a href="#cite_note-Panmure_and_Stobswell-251">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletics">Athletics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Athletics">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Liz_McColgan" title="Liz McColgan">Liz McColgan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eilish_McColgan" title="Eilish McColgan">Eilish McColgan</a> both hail from Dundee and have been members of the Dundee Hawkhill Harriers athletics club. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Other sports">edit</a>]</div> Local sports clubs include <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Handball_Club" title="Dundee Handball Club">Dundee Handball Club</a>, Grove Menzieshill Hockey Club; Dundee Wanderers Hockey Club, Dundee Volleyball Club,<a href="#cite_note-252">[250]</a> Dundee Northern Lights <a href="/wiki/Floorball" title="Floorball">Floorball</a> Club, Dundee Hawkhill Harriers, Dundee City Aquatics, <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Hurricanes" title="Dundee Hurricanes">Dundee Hurricanes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dundee_Roller_Derby" title="Dundee Roller Derby">Dundee Roller Derby</a> and Dundee & Angus Radio Controlled Car Klub (DARCCK). The <a href="/wiki/Olympia_Leisure_Centre_(2013)" title="Olympia Leisure Centre (2013)">Olympia Leisure Centre</a>, opened in 2013, has a swimming pool. There is a velodrome, <a href="/wiki/Caird_Park_Velodrome" title="Caird Park Velodrome">Caird Park Velodrome</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_services">Public services</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Public services">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg/220px-Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg/330px-Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg/440px-Northern_end_of_Backwater_Reservoir_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1105159.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>Backwater Reservoir</figcaption></figure> Dundee and the surrounding area is supplied with water by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Water" title="Scottish Water">Scottish Water</a>. Dundee, along with parts of Perthshire and Angus is supplied from Lintrathen and <a href="/wiki/Backwater_Reservoir" title="Backwater Reservoir">Backwater</a> reservoirs in <a href="/wiki/River_Isla,_Perthshire" title="River Isla, Perthshire">Glen Isla</a>.<a href="#cite_note-253">[251]</a> Electricity distribution is by <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Hydro_Electric" title="Scottish Hydro Electric">Scottish Hydro Electric</a> plc, part of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_and_Southern_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish and Southern Energy">Scottish and Southern Energy</a> group. Waste management is handled by <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a>. There is a kerbside recycling scheme that currently only serves 15,500 households in Dundee. Cans, glass and plastic bottles are collected on a weekly basis.<a href="#cite_note-254">[252]</a> <a href="/wiki/Compostable" class="mw-redirect" title="Compostable">Compostable</a> material and non-recyclable material are collected on alternate weeks.<a href="#cite_note-kerbside-255">[253]</a> Paper is collected for recycling on a four-weekly basis.<a href="#cite_note-256">[254]</a> Recycling centres and points are at a number of locations in Dundee.<a href="#cite_note-Recycling_Centres_in_Dundee-257">[255]</a> Items accepted include steel and aluminium cans, cardboard, paper, electrical equipment, engine oil, fridges and freezers, garden waste, gas bottles, glass, liquid food and drinks cartons, plastic bottles, plastic carrier bags, rubble, scrap metal, shoes and handbags, spectacles, textiles, tin foil, wood and yellow pages. Recent figures taken in 2008, suggest the city council has a recycling rate of 36.1%.<a href="#cite_note-Waste_Aware_Tayside-258">[256]</a> Law enforcement is provided by Police Scotland. The headquarters of the Dundee Branch of Police Scotland is situated in West Bell Street.<a href="#cite_note-Policing_in_Dundee-259">[257]</a> There are also four police stations which serve the city: Maryfield, Lochee, Downfield and Longhaugh.<a href="#cite_note-Policing_in_Dundee-259">[257]</a> <a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">Healthcare</a> is supplied in the area by <a href="/wiki/NHS_Tayside" title="NHS Tayside">NHS Tayside</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ninewells_Hospital" title="Ninewells Hospital">Ninewells Hospital</a>, is the only hospital with an accident and emergency department in the area. Dundee is also served by the East Central Region of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Ambulance_Service" title="Scottish Ambulance Service">Scottish Ambulance Service</a> which covers the city, Tayside and Kingdom of Fife.<a href="#cite_note-Scottish_Ambulance_Service-260">[258]</a> There is one ambulance station for the city; on West School Road.<a href="#cite_note-Ambulance_Stations_in_Scotland-261">[259]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Scottish Fire and Rescue Service">Scottish Fire and Rescue Service</a> operate three fire stations, covering the city and surrounding villages. The main station is at Blackness Road and there is a control room at Macalpine Road fire station. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Sister cities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Scotland" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Scotland">List of twin towns and sister cities in Scotland</a></div> Chronologically: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>, France (1946)<a href="#cite_note-262">[260]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, Croatia (1959)<a href="#cite_note-Dundee's_Sister_Cities-263">[261]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria</a>, United States (1962)<a href="#cite_note-264">[262]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a>, Germany (1962)<a href="#cite_note-Dundee's_Sister_Cities-263">[261]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nablus" title="Nablus">Nablus</a>, Palestine (1980)<a href="#cite_note-Dundee's_Sister_Cities-263">[261]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>, United Arab Emirates (2004)<a href="#cite_note-265">[263]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Dundee,_Illinois" title="West Dundee, Illinois">West Dundee</a>, United States (2013)<a href="#cite_note-266">[264]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freedom_of_the_City">Freedom of the City</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Freedom of the City">edit</a>]</div> The following people and military units have received the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">Freedom of the City</a> of Dundee. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. (November 2021)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Individuals">Individuals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Individuals">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Leng_(politician)" title="John Leng (politician)">Sir John Leng</a>: 1902.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Whitelaw Reid</a>: 1906.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._H._Asquith" title="H. H. Asquith">H. H. Asquith</a>: October 1912.</li> <li>Emma Grace Marryat: 1918.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Johnston_(British_politician)" title="Tom Johnston (British politician)">Thomas Johnston</a>: 1947.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother</a>: 1954.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_provosts_of_Dundee" title="List of provosts of Dundee">Maurice McManus</a>: 1981.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>: 9 October 1993.<a href="#cite_note-267">[265]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">Ramsay MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a></li> <li>Rev. William Macmillan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McLean" title="Jim McLean">James McLean</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_units">Military units</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Military units">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Watch" title="Black Watch">Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment)</a>: 1954.<a href="#cite_note-268">[266]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brittle_Bone_Society" title="Brittle Bone Society">Brittle Bone Society</a>, a UK charity established in 1968 in Dundee</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Museum_of_Transport" title="Dundee Museum of Transport">Dundee Museum of Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dundee#Notable_Dundonians_and_people_associated_with_Dundee" title="History of Dundee">History of Dundee#Notable Dundonians and people associated with Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Crawford_Lamb" title="Alexander Crawford Lamb">Alexander C. Lamb</a> and references to the Lamb Collection, which is held in the City Museum and the Local History Centre of Dundee Central Library</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_120-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_120-2">c</a> New category created for the 2011 census </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Category restructured for the 2011 census </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/dundees-civic-history/council-chambers">"Council Chambers, Dundee City Council"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220329230946/https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/dundees-civic-history/council-chambers">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+Chambers%2C+Dundee+City+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fdundees-civic-history%2Fcouncil-chambers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartram2004" class="citation book cs1">Bartram, Graham (2004). British Flags and Emblems. Flag Institute. p. 64. <q>All the cities, and most of the towns, in the UK have coats-of-arms, and many of them use banner of these arms on their civic buildings and on the official car of their Mayor, Provost, Lord Mayor or Lord Provost. As with armorial county flags they are technically for the sole use of the city or town's council, but in some cases they are used more widely. Many councils also use their logo as a basis for a flag.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Flags+and+Emblems&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Flag+Institute&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Bartram&rft.aufirst=Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160817153450/http://www.gaelicplacenames.org/databasedetails.php?id=412">"Dundee"</a>. Gaelic Place-Names of Scotland. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gaelicplacenames.org/databasedetails.php?id=412">the original</a> on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gaelic+Place-Names+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Dundee&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gaelicplacenames.org%2Fdatabasedetails.php%3Fid%3D412&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-citypopulation_dundee_locality_area-4"><a href="#cite_ref-citypopulation_dundee_locality_area_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/cities/scotland/?cityid=7149">"City Population, United Kingdom: Major Cities in Scotland"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230831154920/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/cities/scotland/?cityid=7149">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2023. 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Retrieved 24 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dundee+City&rft.pub=Ordnance+Survey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.ordnancesurvey.co.uk%2Fdoc%2F7000000000030215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fdca.org.uk/Maritime_IainFlett.html">"Dundee's Maritime History"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807135634/http://www.fdca.org.uk/Maritime_IainFlett.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2017. 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All life science and clinical research departments are 5/5*, the highest rating available." - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodundee.co.uk/business/university-dundee">www.bio-dundee.com</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cognizant.com/en_us/insights/documents/21-places-of-the-future-where-is-the-future-of-work-codex5484.pdf">"21 Places of the Future: Where is the future of work?"</a> (PDF). 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December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010065358/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-30275768">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Dundee+awarded+UK%27s+first+Unesco+City+of+Design+status&rft.date=2014-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-tayside-central-30275768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/dundee-wins-city-of-design-status-from-unesco-1.712577">"Dundee wins City of Design status from UNESCO"</a>. The Courier. December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141203204944/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/dundee-wins-city-of-design-status-from-unesco-1.712577">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Dundee+wins+City+of+Design+status+from+UNESCO&rft.date=2014-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdundee%2Fdundee-wins-city-of-design-status-from-unesco-1.712577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141201193053/http://www.scotsman.com/lifestyle/heritage/unesco-hails-dundee-with-city-of-design-award-1-3621185">"Dundee the UK's first Unesco 'City of Design'"</a>. The Scotsman. 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BBC News. 26 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180313110548/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-41761399">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Dundee+named+worldwide+%27hot+destination%27+by+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2017-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-tayside-central-41761399&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWatson1926">Watson 1926</a>, p. 220; Dundee is also recorded as Dun-Tay, e.g. <a href="#CITEREFPont1583–1596">Pont 1583–1596</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> The earliest evidence for human occupation of the area dates from the <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a>: <a href="#CITEREFMathewson1879">Mathewson 1879</a>; <a href="#CITEREFRCAHMS_Canmore_database:_Dundee,_Stannergate">RCAHMS Canmore database: Dundee, Stannergate</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarrow2003">Barrow 2003</a>, p. 266 </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarrow1990">Barrow 1990</a>, pp. 20–21; <a href="#CITEREFTurnock1982">Turnock 1982</a>, p. 23; <a href="#CITEREFMackie1836">Mackie 1836</a>, pp. 23–24 </li> <li id="cite_note-Barrow_1990_24-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barrow_1990_24_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barrow_1990_24_33-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarrow1990">Barrow 1990</a>, p. 24 </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBarrow1965">Barrow 1965</a>, pp. 272, 374 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMackie1836">Mackie 1836</a>, pp. 30–32, 207–208 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKean2009">McKean 2009</a>, pp. 9–10; <a href="#CITEREFMerriman2000">Merriman 2000</a>, pp. 263, 292, 304, 360–361 </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLythe1958">Lythe 1958</a>, pp. 27–28; <a href="#CITEREFReid1990">Reid 1990</a>, pp. 97–99; <a href="#CITEREFCowan1995">Cowan 1995</a>, pp. 195–198; <a href="#CITEREFCullenWhatleyYoung2009">Cullen, Whatley & Young 2009</a>, pp. 61–63 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMackie1836">Mackie 1836</a>, pp. 32–38; <a href="#CITEREFLythe1958">Lythe 1958</a>, pp. 28–30; <a href="#CITEREFCullenWhatleyYoung2009">Cullen, Whatley & Young 2009</a>, pp. 63–64 </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLenman1980">Lenman 1980</a>, p. 30; <a href="#CITEREFPatrick2009">Patrick 2009</a>, pp. 85–88 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> J. 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The Courier. 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Retrieved 12 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.edenproject.com&rft.atitle=Eden+Project+Dundee+given+the+green+light+as+planning+application+is+approved+%7C+Eden+Project&rft.date=2024-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.edenproject.com%2Fmedia-relations%2Feden-project-dundee-given-the-green-light-as-planning-application-is-approved&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crggpy12er9o">"£130m Dundee Eden Project set for approval"</a>. BBC News. 17 June 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240812201321/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crggpy12er9o">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 12 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%C2%A3130m+Dundee+Eden+Project+set+for+approval&rft.date=2024-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fcrggpy12er9o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBatchelor2024" class="citation web cs1">Batchelor, Andrew (17 June 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeeculture.com/post/eden-project-has-officially-been-given-the-green-light">"Eden Project has officially been given the green light"</a>. Dundee Culture. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240812201322/https://www.dundeeculture.com/post/eden-project-has-officially-been-given-the-green-light">Archived</a> from the original on 12 August 2024. Retrieved 12 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dundee+Culture&rft.atitle=Eden+Project+has+officially+been+given+the+green+light&rft.date=2024-06-17&rft.aulast=Batchelor&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeeculture.com%2Fpost%2Feden-project-has-officially-been-given-the-green-light&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-localgovact-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-localgovact_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-localgovact_65-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFLocal_Government_etc._(Scotland)_Act_1994">Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/service-area/neighbourhood-services/communities-safety-and-protection/community-councils-and-community-groups">"Community Councils and Community Groups"</a>. 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Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=A+Vision+of+Britain+through+Time&rft.atitle=Dundee+Scottish+County+of+City&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisionofbritain.org.uk%2Funit%2F10262847%23tab02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1973/65/">"Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a>, 1973 c. 65, retrieved 6 August 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Local+Government+%28Scotland%29+Act+1973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegislation.gov.uk%2Fukpga%2F1973%2F65%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCouncils_plot_revolt_over_re-draw_plan2005">Councils plot revolt over re-draw plan 2005</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/events/scotland-decides/live">"Scotland Decides"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180609121516/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/events/scotland-decides/live">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Scotland+Decides&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fevents%2Fscotland-decides%2Flive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151231234703/http://www.scotsman.com/scottish-independence/alex-salmond-dundee-is-scotlands-yes-city/">"Scottish Independence"</a>. The Scotsman. 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Retrieved 22 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+Normals+and+extremes&rft.pub=KNMI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.knmi.nl%2Futils%2Fmapserver%2Fclimatology.php%3Findexcat%3D%2A%2A%26indexid%3DSU%26periodidselect%3D1971-2000%26seasonid%3D0%26scalelogidselect%3Dno%26minx%3D-642500.000002%26miny%3D-4174880.952380%26maxx%3D224166.666666%26maxy%3D-3524880.952379%26MapSize%3D560%252C420%26imagewidth%3D560%26imageheight%3D420%26mainmap.x%3D280%26mainmap.y%3D207%26CMD%3DQUERY_POINT%26CMD%3DQUERY_POINT%23bottom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_2011_Population-106">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_2011_Population_106-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_2011_Population_106-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/explore/snapshot">"Scotland's Census"</a>. www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514142653/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/explore/snapshot">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+Census&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fsearch-the-census%23%2Fexplore%2Fsnapshot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/files/statistics/council-area-data-sheets/dundee-city-council-profile.html">"Dundee City Council Area Profile"</a>. www.nrscotland.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221005231716/https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/files//statistics/council-area-data-sheets/dundee-city-council-profile.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nrscotland.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Dundee+City+Council+Area+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrscotland.gov.uk%2Ffiles%2Fstatistics%2Fcouncil-area-data-sheets%2Fdundee-city-council-profile.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_Population-108">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Population_108-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Population_108-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Population_108-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFComparative_Population:_Dundee">Comparative Population: Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_Employment-109"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Employment_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFComparative_Employment:_Dundee">Comparative Employment: Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcCluskey1991">McCluskey 1991</a>; <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Scots">Dundee Scots</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSwiftGilley1989">Swift & Gilley 1989</a>, p. 117; <a href="#CITEREFLittle_Tipperary:_The_Irish_in_Lochee">Little Tipperary: The Irish in Lochee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/rel2asbfigure4.pdf">"Figure 4: Minority ethnic groups by council area, Scotland, 2011"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022230302/http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/documents/censusresults/release2a/rel2asbfigure4.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Figure+4%3A+Minority+ethnic+groups+by+council+area%2C+Scotland%2C+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fcensusresults%2Frelease2a%2Frel2asbfigure4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_Student_Population-113"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Student_Population_113-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/scotland/central-scotland/dundee/history">"History of Dundee"</a>. Lonely Planet. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141205082656/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/scotland/central-scotland/dundee/history">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 28 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lonely+Planet&rft.atitle=History+of+Dundee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lonelyplanet.com%2Fscotland%2Fcentral-scotland%2Fdundee%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEquality1985" class="citation journal cs1">Equality, Commission for Racial (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jstor.org/stable/community.28327806">"Ethnic minorities in Britain: statistical information on the pattern of settlement"</a>. Commission for Racial Equality: Table 2.2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230513060235/https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.28327806">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Commission+for+Racial+Equality&rft.atitle=Ethnic+minorities+in+Britain%3A+statistical+information+on+the+pattern+of+settlement&rft.pages=Table+2.2&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Equality&rft.aufirst=Commission+for+Racial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjstor.org%2Fstable%2Fcommunity.28327806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:412-115"><a href="#cite_ref-:412_115-0">^</a> As UK Census data post 2001 is unavailable through the ONS website, it has been <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/2011census/2011censusdata/censusdata18011991">recommended</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220602152933/https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/2011census/2011censusdata/censusdata18011991">Archived</a> 2 June 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> to use archival census collection websites to obtain data. Data is taken from United Kingdom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm">Casweb Data services</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211215152146/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm">Archived</a> 15 December 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> of the United Kingdom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm">1991 Census on Ethnic Data for Scotland</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405213012/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm">Archived</a> 5 April 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (Table 6) </li> <li id="cite_note-:422-116"><a href="#cite_ref-:422_116-0">^</a> Office of Population Censuses and Surveys; General Register Office for Scotland; Registrar General for Northern Ireland (1997): 1991 Census aggregate data. UK Data Service (Edition: 1997). DOI: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1991-1">http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1991-1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827072513/https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=22001">Archived</a> 27 August 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> This information is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCensus_Dissemination_Unit2011" class="citation web cs1">Census Dissemination Unit, Mimas (5 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk/">"InFuse"</a>. infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220717045206/https://infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 24 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=infuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk&rft.atitle=InFuse&rft.date=2011-05-05&rft.aulast=Census+Dissemination+Unit&rft.aufirst=Mimas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfuse2011gf.ukdataservice.ac.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html">"Scotland's Census 2011 – Table KS201SC"</a>. scotlandscensus.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190107044126/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/ods-web/standard-outputs.html%20">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 3 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scotland%27s+Census+2011+%E2%80%93+Table+KS201SC&rft.pub=scotlandscensus.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fods-web%2Fstandard-outputs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2022census_Scot-119"><a href="#cite_ref-2022census_Scot_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx">"Scotland's Census 2022 - Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion - Chart data"</a>. Scotland's Census. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. 21 May 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240521173147/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/media/trbdxzme/scotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotland%27s+Census&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+Census+2022+-+Ethnic+group%2C+national+identity%2C+language+and+religion+-+Chart+data&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2Ftrbdxzme%2Fscotland-s-census-2022-ethnic-group-national-identity-language-and-religion-chart-data.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by">Alternative URL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514142653/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/search-by">Archived</a> 14 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 'Search data by location' > 'Local Authority (CA2019)' > 'Dundee City' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Ethnic Group' </li> <li id="cite_note-CountryBirth_22-122"><a href="#cite_ref-CountryBirth_22_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/location/topics/list?topic=Ethnicity,%20Identity,%20Language%20and%20Religion&categoryId=4">"Table UV204 - Country of birth: Country by Country of Birth by Individuals"</a>. National Records of Scotland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514142653/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/location/topics/list?topic=Ethnicity,%20Identity,%20Language%20and%20Religion&categoryId=4">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+UV204+-+Country+of+birth%3A+Country+by+Country+of+Birth+by+Individuals&rft.pub=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fsearch-the-census%23%2Flocation%2Ftopics%2Flist%3Ftopic%3DEthnicity%2C%2520Identity%2C%2520Language%2520and%2520Religion%26categoryId%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> > 'Dundee City' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Country of birth: UV204' </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPresbytery_of_Dundee">Presbytery of Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKean2009">McKean 2009</a>, p. 5 </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 52 </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628060251/https://stpeters-dundee.org.uk/">"St. Peter's Free Church, Dundee"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stpeters-dundee.org.uk/">the original</a> on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 26 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Peter%27s+Free+Church%2C+Dundee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstpeters-dundee.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMackie1836">Mackie 1836</a>, p. 120; <a href="#CITEREFFoggie2003">Foggie 2003</a>, p. 35 </li> <li id="cite_note-Religion_22-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Religion_22_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/location/topics/list?topic=Ethnic%20group,%20national%20identity,%20language%20and%20religion&categoryId=1">"Council Area 2019 by Religion by Individuals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Records_of_Scotland" title="National Records of Scotland">National Records of Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210514142653/https://www.scotlandscensus.gov.uk/search-the-census#/location/topics/list?topic=Ethnic%20group,%20national%20identity,%20language%20and%20religion&categoryId=1">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+Area+2019+by+Religion+by+Individuals&rft.pub=National+Records+of+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotlandscensus.gov.uk%2Fsearch-the-census%23%2Flocation%2Ftopics%2Flist%3Ftopic%3DEthnic%2520group%2C%2520national%2520identity%2C%2520language%2520and%2520religion%26categoryId%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> Dundee City > Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion > Religion UV205 </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedioceseofbrechin.org/about/whos-who">"Who's who - Officers | the Diocese of Brechin"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Who%27s+who+-+Officers+%26%23124%3B+the+Diocese+of+Brechin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedioceseofbrechin.org%2Fabout%2Fwhos-who&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFThe_Diocese_of_Dunkeld">The Diocese of Dunkeld</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Methodist_Church">Dundee Methodist Church</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTrinity_Baptist_Church">Trinity Baptist Church</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Congregational_Church">Dundee Congregational Church</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAssemblies_of_God_Scotland">Assemblies of God Scotland</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSalvation_Army_Dundee">Salvation Army Dundee</a>; <a href="#CITEREFSalvation_Army_Menzieshill">Salvation Army Menzieshill</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilliamson_Unitarian_Christian_Church_Dundee">Williamson Unitarian Christian Church Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Quaker_Meeting">Dundee Quaker Meeting</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJehovah's_Witnesses_–_Dundee">Jehovah's Witnesses – Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Christadelphian_Ecclesia">Dundee Christadelphian Ecclesia</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFChurch_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints">Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Islamic_Society_Central_Mosque">Dundee Islamic Society Central Mosque</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFUK_Mosque_Searcher:_Mosques_in_Dundee">UK Mosque Searcher: Mosques in Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGurudwaras_in_Scotland">Gurudwaras in Scotland</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAbrams2009">Abrams 2009</a>, pp. 65–94 </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Hebrew_Congregation">Dundee Hebrew Congregation</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScotland's_Jewish_Community">Scotland's Jewish Community</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFInternational_Jewish_Cemetery_Project_–_Scotland">International Jewish Cemetery Project – Scotland</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNilupul_Foundation">Nilupul Foundation</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHindu_Council_UK">Hindu Council UK</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> The Dundee Book, Billy Kay </li> <li id="cite_note-ncr-151"><a href="#cite_ref-ncr_151-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNCR_Cash_Advance">NCR Cash Advance</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFirst_Dundee_computer_next_year">First Dundee computer next year</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGeneral_Agreements_on_Tariffs_and_Trade_1969">General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade 1969</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTimex_pulls_the_plug_on_Dundee_plant">Timex pulls the plug on Dundee plant</a>; <a href="#CITEREFScott2002">Scott 2002</a>, pp. 163–165 </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-53234736">"Michelin's Dundee factory closes gates for final time"</a>. BBC News. 30 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002190324/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-53234736">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Michelin%27s+Dundee+factory+closes+gates+for+final+time&rft.date=2020-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-tayside-central-53234736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161101101814/https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/Dundee%20City%20Economic%20Profile%20September%202016_0.pdf">"Dundee Economic Profile – Sep 2016"</a> (PDF). Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/Dundee%20City%20Economic%20Profile%20September%202016_0.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 1 November 2016. 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BBC News. 9 September 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928225927/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-29122873">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2018. 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Retrieved 11 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=eveningtelegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Dundee+crowned+Scotland%27s+most+cultural+city+%28and+we+beat+Hull+too%21%29&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eveningtelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdundee%2Fdundee-crowned-scotland-s-most-cultural-city-and-we-beat-hull-too-1.619566&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoe_Birchenall" class="citation web cs1">Joe Birchenall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dundee.stv.tv/articles/295051-dundee-is-the-fifth-most-cultural-city-in-the-uk-according-to-new-survey/">"Dundee is the fifth most cultural city in the UK according to new survey – STV Dundee – Dundee"</a>. STV Dundee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150120224847/http://dundee.stv.tv/articles/295051-dundee-is-the-fifth-most-cultural-city-in-the-uk-according-to-new-survey/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 14 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=STV+Dundee&rft.atitle=Dundee+is+the+fifth+most+cultural+city+in+the+UK+according+to+new+survey+%E2%80%93+STV+Dundee+%E2%80%93+Dundee&rft.au=Joe+Birchenall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdundee.stv.tv%2Farticles%2F295051-dundee-is-the-fifth-most-cultural-city-in-the-uk-according-to-new-survey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRae2021" class="citation web cs1">Rae, Steven (20 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/perth-kinross/2469964/uk-city-of-culture-2025-tay-cities-unite-in-first-joint-title-bid/">"UK City of Culture 2025: Tay Cities unite in first joint title bid"</a>. The Courier. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210821010236/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/perth-kinross/2469964/uk-city-of-culture-2025-tay-cities-unite-in-first-joint-title-bid/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 21 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=UK+City+of+Culture+2025%3A+Tay+Cities+unite+in+first+joint+title+bid&rft.date=2021-08-20&rft.aulast=Rae&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Ffp%2Fnews%2Fperth-kinross%2F2469964%2Fuk-city-of-culture-2025-tay-cities-unite-in-first-joint-title-bid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-42095477">"Brexit blow to Dundee's 2023 culture bid"</a>. BBC News. 23 November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180326214722/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-tayside-central-42095477">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Brexit+blow+to+Dundee%27s+2023+culture+bid&rft.date=2017-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-tayside-central-42095477&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/fp/dundee-formally-withdraws-capital-culture-bid-due-brexit/">"Dundee formally withdraws Capital of Culture bid due to Brexit"</a>. Evening Telegraph. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180325045507/https://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/fp/dundee-formally-withdraws-capital-culture-bid-due-brexit/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2018. Retrieved 24 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Dundee+formally+withdraws+Capital+of+Culture+bid+due+to+Brexit&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eveningtelegraph.co.uk%2Ffp%2Fdundee-formally-withdraws-capital-culture-bid-due-brexit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDayMilne2010">Day & Milne 2010</a>, p. 30 </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJarron2011">Jarron 2011</a>, p. 183 </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDayMilne2010">Day & Milne 2010</a>, p. 47 </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDayMilne2010">Day & Milne 2010</a>, p. 20 </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> Gale & Kaur (2002) p. 187; Dundee Heritage Trust (1998) pp. 1-3 </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDingwall2019" class="citation web cs1">Dingwall, Blair (28 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/local/dundee/816641/william-and-kate-will-officially-open-va-on-royal-visit-to-dundee-on-tuesday/">"William and Kate will officially open V&A on royal visit to Dundee on Tuesday"</a>. Dundee Courier. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129010544/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/news/local/dundee/816641/william-and-kate-will-officially-open-va-on-royal-visit-to-dundee-on-tuesday/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 January 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dundee+Courier&rft.atitle=William+and+Kate+will+officially+open+V%26A+on+royal+visit+to+Dundee+on+Tuesday&rft.date=2019-01-28&rft.aulast=Dingwall&rft.aufirst=Blair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Ffp%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdundee%2F816641%2Fwilliam-and-kate-will-officially-open-va-on-royal-visit-to-dundee-on-tuesday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-V&A_Museum_of_Design,_Dundee-195"><a href="#cite_ref-V&A_Museum_of_Design,_Dundee_195-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_to_get_its_own_V&A_museum">Dundee to get its own V&A museum</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-City_Archives-196"><a href="#cite_ref-City_Archives_196-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/archive/">"Archives"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105064700/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/archive/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archives&rft.pub=Dundee+City+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Farchive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services-197"><a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services_197-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives">"University of Dundee Archives Services"</a>. University of Dundee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614032353/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 2 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Dundee+Archives+Services&rft.pub=University+of+Dundee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee.ac.uk%2Farchives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services2-198"><a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services2_198-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023152251/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives/archman.htm">"University of Dundee Archives Services the Collections"</a>. University of Dundee. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives/archman.htm">the original</a> on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Dundee+Archives+Services+the+Collections&rft.pub=University+of+Dundee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee.ac.uk%2Farchives%2Farchman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archives,_Records_and_Artefacts-199"><a href="#cite_ref-Archives,_Records_and_Artefacts_199-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archives-records-artefacts.blogspot.com/2011/01/business-archives.html">"Business Archives"</a>. Archives, Records and Artefacts at the University of Dundee. 27 January 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315133547/http://www.archives-records-artefacts.blogspot.com/2011/01/business-archives.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Business+Archives&rft.pub=Archives%2C+Records+and+Artefacts+at+the+University+of+Dundee&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives-records-artefacts.blogspot.com%2F2011%2F01%2Fbusiness-archives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services_Peto-200"><a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Dundee_Archive_Services_Peto_200-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives//peto/">"Michael Peto Photographic Collection"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315060307/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/archives/peto/">Archived</a> 15 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, University of Dundee. Retrieved 26 May 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-World's_Worst_Poet-201"><a href="#cite_ref-World's_Worst_Poet_201-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcGonagall1992">McGonagall 1992</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141216222315/http://cityofrecovery.com/">"cityofrecovery.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofrecovery.com">the original</a> on 16 December 2014. Retrieved 25 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=cityofrecovery.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofrecovery.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_festival-203"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_festival_203-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Mountain_Film_Festival">Dundee Mountain Film Festival</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-International_Alliance-204"><a href="#cite_ref-International_Alliance_204-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFInternational_Alliance_for_Mountain_Film">International Alliance for Mountain Film</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zcint.co.uk/article/dca-unveil-dundead-ii-festival-lineup">"DCA Unveil Dundead II Festival Line-Up"</a>. 5 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130718061619/http://zcint.co.uk/article/dca-unveil-dundead-ii-festival-lineup">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2013. Retrieved 15 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DCA+Unveil+Dundead+II+Festival+Line-Up&rft.date=2012-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzcint.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fdca-unveil-dundead-ii-festival-lineup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419011907/https://www.discoveryfilmfestival.org.uk/about">"About"</a>. Discovery Film Festival. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discoveryfilmfestival.org.uk/about">the original</a> on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Discovery+Film+Festival&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoveryfilmfestival.org.uk%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCox_may_be_ambassador_for_Dundee">Cox may be ambassador for Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whitehalltheatre.com/about-us/">"About Us - the Whitehall Theatre"</a>. 13 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230602163822/https://whitehalltheatre.com/about-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us+-+the+Whitehall+Theatre&rft.date=2021-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhitehalltheatre.com%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dundeeds.co.uk/">http://dundeeds.co.uk/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230602163823/http://dundeeds.co.uk/">Archived</a> 2 June 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs">bare URL</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDayMilne2010">Day & Milne 2010</a>, p. 78 </li> <li id="cite_note-SMO-211"><a href="#cite_ref-SMO_211-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/mod/">List of Mod's places</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130115062253/http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/mod/">Archived</a> 15 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for each year on <a href="/wiki/Sabhal_M%C3%B2r_Ostaig" title="Sabhal Mòr Ostaig">Sabhal Mòr Ostaig</a> website </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/events/ed8wxj">"Radio 1's Big Weekend 2023"</a>. BBC Events. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230416112732/https://www.bbc.co.uk/events/ed8wxj">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Events&rft.atitle=Radio+1%27s+Big+Weekend+2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fevents%2Fed8wxj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Almost_Famous-213"><a href="#cite_ref-Almost_Famous_213-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlmost_Famous">Almost Famous</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snow_Patrol-214"><a href="#cite_ref-Snow_Patrol_214-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSnow_Patrol">Snow Patrol</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-NME_Interview-215"><a href="#cite_ref-NME_Interview_215-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNME_Interview_with_Placebo">NME Interview with Placebo</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_Blues_Bonanza-216"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Blues_Bonanza_216-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Blues_Bonanza">Dundee Blues Bonanza</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Contact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland-217"><a href="#cite_ref-Contact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland_217-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFContact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland">Contact numbers for BBC Scotland</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Radio_Tay's_first_day-218"><a href="#cite_ref-Radio_Tay's_first_day_218-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRadio_Tay's_first_day">Radio Tay's first day</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLaw_Hill_War_Memorial,_Category_B_listing">Law Hill War Memorial, Category B listing</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCamperdown_Dock,_Category_A_listing">Camperdown Dock, Category A listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFVictoria_Dock_with_Pedestrian_and_Vehicular_Swing_Bridges,_Category_A_listing">Victoria Dock with Pedestrian and Vehicular Swing Bridges, Category A listing</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Mary's_Tower_or_the_Steeple,_Category_A_Listing">Nethergate, City Churches, St Mary's Tower or the Steeple, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 52–54 </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Clement's,_or_Steeple_Church,_Category_A_Listing">Nethergate, City Churches, St Clement's, or Steeple Church, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_Old_St_Paul's_and_St_David's,_or_South_Church,_Category_A_Listing">Nethergate, City Churches, Old St Paul's and St David's, or South Church, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Mary's_East,_or_Dundee_Parish_Church,_Category_A_Listing">Nethergate, City Churches, St Mary's East, or Dundee Parish Church, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 52–54 </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <a href="#CITEREF150_Nethergate,_St_Andrew's_Roman_Catholic_Cathedral,_Including_Presbytery_and_Former_Sea_Wall_to_South,_Category_A_Listing">150 Nethergate, St Andrew's Roman Catholic Cathedral, Including Presbytery and Former Sea Wall to South, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 57 </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCastle_Hill,_St_Paul's_Episcopal_Cathedral,_including_steps_and_boundary_wall,_Category_A_Listing">Castle Hill, St Paul's Episcopal Cathedral, including steps and boundary wall, Category A Listing</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 57 </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandSM164">Historic Environment Scotland & SM164</a> <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 32–33 </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <a href="#CITEREF70–73_(Inclusive_Nos)_High_Street,_Including_Gardyne's_Land,_Gray's_Close_and_Clock_with_Model_of_the_Town_House">70–73 (Inclusive Nos) High Street, Including Gardyne's Land, Gray's Close and Clock with Model of the Town House</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 18; <a href="#CITEREFDragging_a_building_into_the_21st_century">Dragging a building into the 21st century</a>; <a href="#CITEREFGardyne's_Land_wins_multiple_awards">Gardyne's Land wins multiple awards</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMeadowside_and_Barrack_Street,_The_Howff,_Category_A_listing">Meadowside and Barrack Street, The Howff, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 50–51 </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCaird_Park_Mains_Castle,_Category_A_listing">Caird Park Mains Castle, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 120 </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDudhope_Castle,_Category_A_listing">Dudhope Castle, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 74–75 </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFClaypotts_Castle,_Category_A_listing">Claypotts Castle, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 103 </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPowrie,_Old_Powrie_Castle,_Including_Adjoining_Boundary_Wall">Powrie, Old Powrie Castle, Including Adjoining Boundary Wall</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEuclid_Crescent_High_School,_including_Lodge,_Gatepiers,_Boundary_wall_and_railings,_Category_A_listing">Euclid Crescent High School, including Lodge, Gatepiers, Boundary wall and railings, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 47 </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFForfar_Road,_Morgan_Academy,_Main_Block_and_Janitor's_House_with_Terrace,_Boundary_Walls_and_Gatepiers,_Category_A_listing">Forfar Road, Morgan Academy, Main Block and Janitor's House with Terrace, Boundary Walls and Gatepiers, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 97 </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a> <a href="#CITEREF2_Lochee_Road,_Tay_Works,_Category_A_listing">2 Lochee Road, Tay Works, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 85 </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMethven_Street,_Camperdown_Works_High_Mill_or_Silver_Mill,_Category_A_listing">Methven Street, Camperdown Works High Mill or Silver Mill, Category A listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, p. 89 </li> <li id="cite_note-Cox_Bros-236"><a href="#cite_ref-Cox_Bros_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arccat.dundee.ac.uk/dserve.exe?&dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=((text)=%271,000,001%27)">"MS 6 Cox Brothers Ltd, Jute Spinners and Manufacturers, and Cox Family Papers"</a>. Archive Services Online Catalogue. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160215193736/http://arccat.dundee.ac.uk/dserve.exe?&dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=((text)=%271,000,001%27)">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archive+Services+Online+Catalogue&rft.atitle=MS+6+Cox+Brothers+Ltd%2C+Jute+Spinners+and+Manufacturers%2C+and+Cox+Family+Papers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farccat.dundee.ac.uk%2Fdserve.exe%3F%26dsqIni%3DDserve.ini%26dsqApp%3DArchive%26dsqCmd%3Dshow.tcl%26dsqDb%3DCatalog%26dsqPos%3D0%26dsqSearch%3D%28%28text%29%3D%25271%2C000%2C001%2527%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPrinces_Street_and_Return_Elevations_to_Dens_Street,_Constable_Street_and_St_Roques_Lane,_Lower_Dens_Works,_Category_listing">Princes Street and Return Elevations to Dens Street, Constable Street and St Roques Lane, Lower Dens Works, Category listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREF2_Princes_Street,_Upper_Dens_Mill,_Category_listing">2 Princes Street, Upper Dens Mill, Category listing</a>; <a href="#CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985">McKean & Walker 1985</a>, pp. 30–32 </li> <li id="cite_note-Tower-238"><a href="#cite_ref-Tower_238-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"From the Archives: Fifty years since the Tower's foundation stone was laid". Contact. University of Dundee: 24–25. October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Contact&rft.atitle=From+the+Archives%3A+Fifty+years+since+the+Tower%27s+foundation+stone+was+laid&rft.pages=24-25&rft.date=2009-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tower_News-239"><a href="#cite_ref-Tower_News_239-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/dundee-university-s-tower-building-needing-facelift-to-address-safety-concerns-1.51518">"Dundee University's Tower Building needing facelift to address safety concerns"</a>. The Courier. 9 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141031024458/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/dundee-university-s-tower-building-needing-facelift-to-address-safety-concerns-1.51518">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Dundee+University%27s+Tower+Building+needing+facelift+to+address+safety+concerns&rft.date=2012-05-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdundee%2Fdundee-university-s-tower-building-needing-facelift-to-address-safety-concerns-1.51518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tower_Building-240"><a href="#cite_ref-Tower_Building_240-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/general/campusguide/virtualtour/tower/">"Tower Building"</a>. University of Dundee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023063616/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/general/campusguide/virtualtour/tower/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tower+Building&rft.pub=University+of+Dundee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee.ac.uk%2Fgeneral%2Fcampusguide%2Fvirtualtour%2Ftower%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muncher-241"><a href="#cite_ref-Muncher_241-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081304/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/bye-bye-tayside-house-muncher-completes-its-work-1.111722">"Bye-bye Tayside House — 'Muncher' completes its work"</a>. The Courier. D C Thomson & Co, Ltd. 12 July 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecourier.co.uk/news/local/dundee/bye-bye-tayside-house-muncher-completes-its-work-1.111722">the original</a> on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Bye-bye+Tayside+House+%E2%80%94+%27Muncher%27+completes+its+work&rft.date=2013-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fdundee%2Fbye-bye-tayside-house-muncher-completes-its-work-1.111722&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LostTayHouse-242"><a href="#cite_ref-LostTayHouse_242-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKeanWhatleywith_Baxter2013" class="citation book cs1">McKean, Charles; Whatley, Patricia; with Baxter, Kenneth (2013). Lost Dundee. Dundee's Lost Architectural Heritage (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Birlinn. p. 248. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78027-106-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78027-106-4"><bdi>978-1-78027-106-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lost+Dundee.+Dundee%27s+Lost+Architectural+Heritage&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pages=248&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Birlinn&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78027-106-4&rft.aulast=McKean&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.au=Whatley%2C+Patricia&rft.au=with+Baxter%2C+Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee,_European_Cup_History-243"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee,_European_Cup_History_243-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEuropean_Cup_History,_Season_1962–1963">European Cup History, Season 1962–1963</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_United,_European_Cup_History-244"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_United,_European_Cup_History_244-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFEuropean_Cup_History,_Season_1983–1984">European Cup History, Season 1983–1984</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_United,_UEFA_Cup_History-245"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_United,_UEFA_Cup_History_245-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFUEFA_Cup_History,_Season_1986–1987">UEFA Cup History, Season 1986–1987</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scottish_Junior_Football_Clubs_A–K-246"><a href="#cite_ref-Scottish_Junior_Football_Clubs_A–K_246-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScottish_Junior_Football_Clubs_A–K">Scottish Junior Football Clubs A–K</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_Stars_join_Elite-247"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_Stars_join_Elite_247-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_Stars_join_Elite">Dundee Stars join Elite</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee_HSFP-248"><a href="#cite_ref-Dundee_HSFP_248-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDundee_HSFP">Dundee HSFP</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris_Academy-249"><a href="#cite_ref-Harris_Academy_249-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHarris_Academy">Harris Academy</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morgan_Academy-250"><a href="#cite_ref-Morgan_Academy_250-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMorgan_Academy">Morgan Academy</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Panmure_and_Stobswell-251"><a href="#cite_ref-Panmure_and_Stobswell_251-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPanmure_and_Stobswell">Panmure and Stobswell</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeevolleyballclub.com/">"Dundee Volleyball Club"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200225154549/http://www.dundeevolleyballclub.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dundee+Volleyball+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeevolleyballclub.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScrimgeour1968">Scrimgeour 1968</a>, pp. 278–283 </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKerbside_Recycling_Box_Scheme">Kerbside Recycling Box Scheme</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-kerbside-255"><a href="#cite_ref-kerbside_255-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrown_Bin_Garden_Waste_Collection">Brown Bin Garden Waste Collection</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBlue_Bin_Paper_Collections">Blue Bin Paper Collections</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Recycling_Centres_in_Dundee-257"><a href="#cite_ref-Recycling_Centres_in_Dundee_257-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRecycling_Centres">Recycling Centres</a>; <a href="#CITEREFRecycling_Points">Recycling Points</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waste_Aware_Tayside-258"><a href="#cite_ref-Waste_Aware_Tayside_258-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWaste_Aware_Tayside">Waste Aware Tayside</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Policing_in_Dundee-259">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Policing_in_Dundee_259-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Policing_in_Dundee_259-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFPolicing_in_Dundee">Policing in Dundee</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scottish_Ambulance_Service-260"><a href="#cite_ref-Scottish_Ambulance_Service_260-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFScottish_Ambulance_Service">Scottish Ambulance Service</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ambulance_Stations_in_Scotland-261"><a href="#cite_ref-Ambulance_Stations_in_Scotland_261-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAmbulance_Stations_in_Scotland">Ambulance Stations in Scotland</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns">"Twin towns - Complete France"</a>. www.completefrance.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns">the original</a> on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.completefrance.com&rft.atitle=Twin+towns+-+Complete+France&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.completefrance.com%2Flanguage-culture%2Ftwin-towns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dundee's_Sister_Cities-263">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee's_Sister_Cities_263-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee's_Sister_Cities_263-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dundee's_Sister_Cities_263-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/supportservs/dundeetwins">"Dundee's Twins"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170725125917/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/supportservs/dundeetwins/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dundee%27s+Twins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fsupportservs%2Fdundeetwins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161228132413/http://www.scotsman.com/heritage/twinned-towns-dundee-and-alexandria-virginia-1-4021290">"Twinned Towns: Dundee and Alexandria, Virginia - the Scotsman"</a>. www.scotsman.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scotsman.com/heritage/twinned-towns-dundee-and-alexandria-virginia-1-4021290">the original</a> on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.scotsman.com&rft.atitle=Twinned+Towns%3A+Dundee+and+Alexandria%2C+Virginia+-+the+Scotsman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fheritage%2Ftwinned-towns-dundee-and-alexandria-virginia-1-4021290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170325201716/https://stv.tv/news/tayside/110625-scotlands-links-with-uae-celebrated-in-dundee/">"Scotland's links with UAE celebrated in Dundee"</a>. stv.tv. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stv.tv/news/tayside/110625-scotlands-links-with-uae-celebrated-in-dundee/">the original</a> on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stv.tv&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+links+with+UAE+celebrated+in+Dundee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstv.tv%2Fnews%2Ftayside%2F110625-scotlands-links-with-uae-celebrated-in-dundee%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170325201447/https://www.dailyherald.com/article/20130624/news/706249932/">"West Dundee partners with its Scottish namesake"</a>. www.dailyherald.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailyherald.com/article/20130624/news/706249932/">the original</a> on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dailyherald.com&rft.atitle=West+Dundee+partners+with+its+Scottish+namesake&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyherald.com%2Farticle%2F20130624%2Fnews%2F706249932%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrachan2021" class="citation web cs1">Strachan, Graeme (31 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/education/higher-education/1689274/crowds-chanted-on-historic-night-as-dundee-gave-nelson-mandela-the-city-keys/">"Crowds chanted on historic night as Dundee gave Nelson Mandela the city keys"</a>. The Courier. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211104003023/https://www.thecourier.co.uk/fp/education/higher-education/1689274/crowds-chanted-on-historic-night-as-dundee-gave-nelson-mandela-the-city-keys/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Crowds+chanted+on+historic+night+as+Dundee+gave+Nelson+Mandela+the+city+keys&rft.date=2021-10-31&rft.aulast=Strachan&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2Ffp%2Feducation%2Fhigher-education%2F1689274%2Fcrowds-chanted-on-historic-night-as-dundee-gave-nelson-mandela-the-city-keys%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-268"><a href="#cite_ref-268">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBritish_Movietone2015" class="citation web cs1">British Movietone (21 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEefkpZE2cw">"Queen Mother Accepts Freedom for Black Watch – 1954"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211104003020/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEefkpZE2cw">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 4 November 2021 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Queen+Mother+Accepts+Freedom+for+Black+Watch+%E2%80%93+1954&rft.date=2015-07-21&rft.au=British+Movietone&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnEefkpZE2cw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News">News</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: News">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDundee_Tory_leader_hits_out_at_critic2005" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606133942/http://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/output/2005/02/28/story6861222t0.shtm">"Dundee Tory leader hits out at critic"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evening_Telegraph_(Dundee)" title="Evening Telegraph (Dundee)">Evening Telegraph</a>, 28 February 2005, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/output/2005/02/28/story6861222t0.shtm">the original</a> on 6 June 2011, retrieved 3 May 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Dundee+Tory+leader+hits+out+at+critic&rft.date=2005-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eveningtelegraph.co.uk%2Foutput%2F2005%2F02%2F28%2Fstory6861222t0.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlmost_Famous" class="citation news cs1">Didcock, Barry (1 May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427090846/http://www.sundayherald.com/49411">"Almost Famous"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sunday_Herald" title="Sunday Herald">Sunday Herald</a>. 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Retrieved 16 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Four+Dundee+Hilltown+multi-storey+blocks+to+come+down&rft.date=2010-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2FNews%2FDundee%2Farticle%2F5074%2Ffour-dundee-hilltown-multi-storey-blocks-to-come-down.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardyne's_Land_wins_multiple_awards" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110226072532/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/planning/events/gardynes.htm">"Gardyne's Land wins multiple awards"</a>. University of Dundee. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/planning/events/gardynes.htm">the original</a> on 26 February 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gardyne%27s+Land+wins+multiple+awards&rft.pub=University+of+Dundee&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee.ac.uk%2Fplanning%2Fevents%2Fgardynes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLast_of_Menzieshill_multis_to_be_brought_down_this_week" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110309235616/http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/Dundee/article/11557/last-of-menzieshill-multis-to-be-brought-down-this-week.html">"Last of Menzieshill multis to be brought down this week"</a>. The Courier. 5 March 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecourier.co.uk/News/Dundee/article/11557/last-of-menzieshill-multis-to-be-brought-down-this-week.html">the original</a> on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 16 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier&rft.atitle=Last+of+Menzieshill+multis+to+be+brought+down+this+week&rft.date=2011-03-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecourier.co.uk%2FNews%2FDundee%2Farticle%2F11557%2Flast-of-menzieshill-multis-to-be-brought-down-this-week.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenants_gone,_soon_multi_too" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316001602/http://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/output/2007/03/04/story9373804t0.shtm">"Tenants gone, soon multi too"</a>. Evening Telegraph. 2 March 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eveningtelegraph.co.uk/output/2007/03/04/story9373804t0.shtm">the original</a> on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Tenants+gone%2C+soon+multi+too&rft.date=2007-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eveningtelegraph.co.uk%2Foutput%2F2007%2F03%2F04%2Fstory9373804t0.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimex_pulls_the_plug_on_Dundee_plant" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060614134707/http://heritage.scotsman.com/videos.cfm?vid=57">"Timex pulls the plug on Dundee plant"</a>. The Scotsman. 29 August 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heritage.scotsman.com/videos.cfm?vid=57">the original</a> on 14 June 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scotsman&rft.atitle=Timex+pulls+the+plug+on+Dundee+plant&rft.date=1993-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fheritage.scotsman.com%2Fvideos.cfm%3Fvid%3D57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Websites">Websites</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Websites">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChronicle_of_The_City's_Office_Bearers,_Chambers,_Regalia,_Castles_&_Twin_Cities" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/dundeecity/uploaded_publications/publication_69.pdf">A Chronicle of The City's Office Bearers, Chambers, Regalia, Castles & Twin Cities</a> (PDF), Dundee City Council, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126002508/https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/dundeecity/uploaded_publications/publication_69.pdf">archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2021, retrieved 25 April 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Chronicle+of+The+City%27s+Office+Bearers%2C+Chambers%2C+Regalia%2C+Castles+%26+Twin+Cities&rft.pub=Dundee+City+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fdundeecity%2Fuploaded_publications%2Fpublication_69.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Maktoum_Institute" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090222022425/http://www.almi.abdn.ac.uk/">"Al-Maktoum Institute"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almi.abdn.ac.uk">the original</a> on 22 February 2009. Retrieved 5 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Al-Maktoum+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almi.abdn.ac.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmbulance_Stations_in_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130113001600/http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/files/Notif0805B.htm">"A list of ambulance stations in Scotland"</a>. isdscotland. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isdscotland.org/isd/files/Notif0805B.htm">the original</a> on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+list+of+ambulance+stations+in+Scotland&rft.pub=isdscotland&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isdscotland.org%2Fisd%2Ffiles%2FNotif0805B.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssemblies_of_God_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081021045332/http://www.aogscotland.org.uk/ChurchDirectory.htm#EastCoast">"Assemblies of God Scotland"</a>. aogscotland.org.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aogscotland.org.uk/ChurchDirectory.htm#EastCoast">the original</a> on 21 October 2008. Retrieved 30 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Assemblies+of+God+Scotland&rft.pub=aogscotland.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aogscotland.org.uk%2FChurchDirectory.htm%23EastCoast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlue_Bin_Paper_Collections" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081203161326/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/wasteman/bluebin/">"Blue Bin Paper Collections"</a>. Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/wasteman/bluebin/">the original</a> on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blue+Bin+Paper+Collections&rft.pub=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fwasteman%2Fbluebin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrechin-Iowa-Swaziland:_Walking_together_in_companionship" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213202542/http://www.episcopalchurch.org/81799_92921_ENG_HTM.htm">"Brechin-Iowa-Swaziland: Walking together in companionship"</a>. Episcopal Life Online. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.episcopalchurch.org/81799_92921_ENG_HTM.htm">the original</a> on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 26 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brechin-Iowa-Swaziland%3A+Walking+together+in+companionship&rft.pub=Episcopal+Life+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.episcopalchurch.org%2F81799_92921_ENG_HTM.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown_Bin_Garden_Waste_Collection" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081203172347/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/wasteman/brownbin">"Brown Bin Garden Waste Collection"</a>. Government of the United Kingdom. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/wasteman/brownbin/">the original</a> on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brown+Bin+Garden+Waste+Collection&rft.pub=Government+of+the+United+Kingdom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fwasteman%2Fbrownbin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurch_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lds.org.uk/contact-us/ward-locator/search-by-map/details/dundee-bingham-ward/">"The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints search"</a>. www.lds.org.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719234146/http://www.lds.org.uk/contact-us/ward-locator/search-by-map/details/dundee-bingham-ward/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints+search&rft.pub=www.lds.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds.org.uk%2Fcontact-us%2Fward-locator%2Fsearch-by-map%2Fdetails%2Fdundee-bingham-ward%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollege_of_Life_Sciences" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060225212828/http://www.dundee.ac.uk/biocentre/">"College of Life Sciences Research Biocentre"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee.ac.uk/biocentre/">the original</a> on 25 February 2006. Retrieved 26 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=College+of+Life+Sciences+Research+Biocentre&rft.pub=University+of+Dundee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee.ac.uk%2Fbiocentre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComparative_Employment:_Dundee" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120404162718/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Employment&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Dundee&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null">"Comparative Employment: Dundee Locality Scotland"</a>. Scotland's Census Results Online. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Employment&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Dundee&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null">the original</a> on 4 April 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comparative+Employment%3A+Dundee+Locality+Scotland&rft.pub=Scotland%27s+Census+Results+Online&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scrol.gov.uk%2Fscrol%2Fbrowser%2Fprofile.jsp%3Fprofile%3DEmployment%26mainLevel%3DLocality%26mainText%3DDundee%26mainTextExplicitMatch%3Dfalse%26compLevel%3DCountryProfile%26compText%3D%26compTextExplicitMatch%3Dnull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComparative_Population:_Dundee" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120404162636/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Dundee&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null">"Comparative Population: Dundee Locality Scotland"</a>. Scotland's Census Results Online. 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Dundee&mainTextExplicitMatch=false&compLevel=CountryProfile&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null">the original</a> on 4 April 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comparative+Population%3A+Dundee+Locality+Scotland&rft.pub=Scotland%27s+Census+Results+Online&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scrol.gov.uk%2Fscrol%2Fbrowser%2Fprofile.jsp%3Fprofile%3DPopulation%26mainLevel%3DLocality%26mainText%3DDundee%26mainTextExplicitMatch%3Dfalse%26compLevel%3DCountryProfile%26compText%3D%26compTextExplicitMatch%3Dnull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFContact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/aboutus/ciac/information/contact.shtml">"Contact numbers for BBC Scotland"</a>. BBC News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131909/https://www.bbc.co.uk/staticarchive/4ce2251c28db82aa892a105b718dba4d6a74c327.gif">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Contact+numbers+for+BBC+Scotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fscotland%2Faboutus%2Fciac%2Finformation%2Fcontact.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouncillors_–_Political_Wards_–_by_Councillor_Surname" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/councillors/wardsbysurname/">"Councillors – Political Wards – by Councillor Surname"</a>. Dundee City Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612175920/http://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/councillors/wardsbysurname/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 24 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dundee+City+Council&rft.atitle=Councillors+%E2%80%93+Political+Wards+%E2%80%93+by+Councillor+Surname&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundeecity.gov.uk%2Fcouncillors%2Fwardsbysurname%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox_may_be_ambassador_for_Dundee" class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/4880844.stm">"Cox may be ambassador for Dundee"</a>. BBC News. 5 April 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131932/https://secure-uk.imrworldwide.com/cgi-bin/m?rnd=1622207972792&ci=bbc&cg=0&sr=1600x1000&ts=v51.js&cd=24&lg=en-US&je=n&ck=y&tz=0&ct=&hp=&tl=BBC%20NEWS%20%7C%20UK%20%7C%20Scotland%20%7C%20Cox%20may%20be%20ambassador%20for%20Dundee&si=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fscotland%2F4880844.stm&rp=">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Cox+may+be+ambassador+for+Dundee&rft.date=2006-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fscotland%2F4880844.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Diocese_of_Brechin" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedioceseofbrechin.org">"The Diocese of Brechin"</a>. thedioceseofbrechin.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920002826/http://www.thedioceseofbrechin.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2008. 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Retrieved 3 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Facts+and+Figures&rft.pub=Waste+Aware+Tayside&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wasteawaretayside.org.uk%2FdundeeFactsAndFigures.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliamson_Unitarian_Christian_Church_Dundee" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090228073944/http://www.dundee-unitarians.org.uk/">"Williamson Unitarian Christian Church Dundee"</a>. dundee-unitarians.org.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dundee-unitarians.org.uk">the original</a> on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Williamson+Unitarian+Christian+Church+Dundee&rft.pub=dundee-unitarians.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dundee-unitarians.org.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAug_1995_Maximum" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=14&year=1995&indexid=TXx&stationid=1630">Aug 1995 Maximum</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120513211916/http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=14&year=1995&indexid=TXx&stationid=1630">archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2012, retrieved 22 March 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aug+1995+Maximum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.knmi.nl%2Futils%2Fmonitordetail.php%3Fseasonid%3D14%26year%3D1995%26indexid%3DTXx%26stationid%3D1630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJul_2006_Mean" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=13&year=2006&indexid=TG&stationid=1630">Jul 2006 Mean</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131920/https://eca.knmi.nl/utils/monitordetail.php?seasonid=13&year=2006&indexid=TG&stationid=1630">archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021, retrieved 22 March 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jul+2006+Mean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.knmi.nl%2Futils%2Fmonitordetail.php%3Fseasonid%3D13%26year%3D2006%26indexid%3DTG%26stationid%3D1630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF1971–2000_average_warmest_day" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TXx&stationid=1630">1971–2000 average warmest day</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120513211938/http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=TXx&stationid=1630">archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2012, retrieved 22 March 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1971%E2%80%932000+average+warmest+day&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.knmi.nl%2Futils%2Fcalcdetail.php%3Fseasonid%3D0%26periodid%3D1971-2000%26indexid%3DTXx%26stationid%3D1630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF1971–2000_>25c_days" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=SU&stationid=1630">1971–2000 >25c days</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120513211949/http://eca.knmi.nl/utils/calcdetail.php?seasonid=0&periodid=1971-2000&indexid=SU&stationid=1630">archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2012, retrieved 22 March 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1971%E2%80%932000+%3E25c+days&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.knmi.nl%2Futils%2Fcalcdetail.php%3Fseasonid%3D0%26periodid%3D1971-2000%26indexid%3DSU%26stationid%3D1630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maps">Maps</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Maps">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrdnance_Survey_Landranger_Map2007" class="citation cs2">Ordnance Survey, Great Britain (2007), "Dundee and Montrose, Forfar and Arbroath", <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> Landranger Map (B2 ed.), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-319-22980-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-319-22980-4"><bdi>978-0-319-22980-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ordnance+Survey+Landranger+Map&rft.atitle=Dundee+and+Montrose%2C+Forfar+and+Arbroath&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-319-22980-4&rft.aulast=Ordnance+Survey&rft.aufirst=Great+Britain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoil_Survey_of_Scotland1982" class="citation cs2">"Sheet 5, Eastern Scotland", Soil Survey of Scotland, Aberdeen: Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, 1982</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Survey+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Sheet+5%2C+Eastern+Scotland&rft.date=1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartholomew1912" class="citation cs2">Bartholomew, John G. (1912), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/atlas/bartholomew/page.cfm?id=1208">"Plan of Dundee"</a>, Bartholomew Survey Atlas of Scotland, Edinburgh: The Edinburgh Geographical Institute, retrieved 21 April 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bartholomew+Survey+Atlas+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Plan+of+Dundee&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Bartholomew&rft.aufirst=John+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nls.uk%2Fatlas%2Fbartholomew%2Fpage.cfm%3Fid%3D1208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdward1846" class="citation cs2">Edward, Charles (1846), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/towns/detail.cfm?id=411">Plan of the town of Dundee, with the improvements now in progress</a>, Edinburgh: W. & A.K. Johnston, retrieved 21 April 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plan+of+the+town+of+Dundee%2C+with+the+improvements+now+in+progress&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=W.+%26+A.K.+Johnston&rft.date=1846&rft.aulast=Edward&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nls.uk%2Ftowns%2Fdetail.cfm%3Fid%3D411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPont1583–1596" class="citation cs2">Pont, Thomas (1583–1596), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110113204841/http://maps.nls.uk/counties/detail.cfm?id=289">Lower Angus and Perthshire east of the Tay.</a>, nls.uk, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nls.uk/maps/counties/detail.cfm?id=289">the original</a> on 13 January 2011, retrieved 22 April 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lower+Angus+and+Perthshire+east+of+the+Tay.&rft.pub=nls.uk&rft.date=1583%2F1596&rft.aulast=Pont&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nls.uk%2Fmaps%2Fcounties%2Fdetail.cfm%3Fid%3D289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1821" class="citation cs2">Wood, John (1821), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nls.uk/towns/detail.cfm?id=331">Plan of the Town of Dundee from actual survey</a>, Edinburgh: Ballantyne, retrieved 21 April 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plan+of+the+Town+of+Dundee+from+actual+survey&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Ballantyne&rft.date=1821&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nls.uk%2Ftowns%2Fdetail.cfm%3Fid%3D331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Listed_building_reports">Listed building reports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Listed building reports">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF150_Nethergate,_St_Andrew's_Roman_Catholic_Cathedral,_Including_Presbytery_and_Former_Sea_Wall_to_South,_Category_A_Listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25455">"150 Nethergate, St Andrew's Roman Catholic Cathedral, Including Presbytery and Former Sea Wall to South, Category A Listing"</a>, Historic Scotland, 12 July 1963, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131939/http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB25455">archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021, retrieved 27 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=150+Nethergate%2C+St+Andrew%27s+Roman+Catholic+Cathedral%2C+Including+Presbytery+and+Former+Sea+Wall+to+South%2C+Category+A+Listing&rft.date=1963-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF2_Lochee_Road,_Tay_Works,_Category_A_listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25030">"2 Lochee Road, Tay Works, Category A listing"</a>, Historic Scotland, 4 February 1965, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131933/http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB25030">archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021, retrieved 28 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=2+Lochee+Road%2C+Tay+Works%2C+Category+A+listing&rft.date=1965-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25030&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF2_Princes_Street,_Upper_Dens_Mill,_Category_listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25101">"2 Princes Street, Upper Dens Mill, Category listing"</a>, Historic Scotland, 4 February 1965, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210528131939/http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB25101">archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2021, retrieved 28 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=2+Princes+Street%2C+Upper+Dens+Mill%2C+Category+listing&rft.date=1965-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF27_West_Henderson's_Wynd_and_Return_Elevation_to_Milne_Street,_Verdant_Works,_Category_listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25140">"27 West Henderson's Wynd and Return Elevation to Milne Street, Verdant Works, Category listing"</a>, Historic Scotland, 18 May 1987, retrieved 28 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=27+West+Henderson%27s+Wynd+and+Return+Elevation+to+Milne+Street%2C+Verdant+Works%2C+Category+listing&rft.date=1987-05-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF70–73_(Inclusive_Nos)_High_Street,_Including_Gardyne's_Land,_Gray's_Close_and_Clock_with_Model_of_the_Town_House" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25239">"70–73 (Inclusive Nos) High Street, Including Gardyne's Land, Gray's Close and Clock with Model of the Town House"</a>, Historic Scotland, 4 February 1965, retrieved 28 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=70%E2%80%9373+%28Inclusive+Nos%29+High+Street%2C+Including+Gardyne%27s+Land%2C+Gray%27s+Close+and+Clock+with+Model+of+the+Town+House&rft.date=1965-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25239&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaird_Park_Mains_Castle,_Category_A_listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk/hslive/hsstart?P_HBNUM=25066">"Caird Park Mains Castle, Category A listing"</a>, Historic Scotland, 12 July 1963, retrieved 28 March 2012</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historic+Scotland&rft.atitle=Caird+Park+Mains+Castle%2C+Category+A+listing&rft.date=1963-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhsewsf.sedsh.gov.uk%2Fhslive%2Fhsstart%3FP_HBNUM%3D25066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCamperdown_Dock,_Category_A_listing" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" 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(ed.), Dundee and District, Dundee: Dundee Local Executive Committee of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 284–300</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Architecture+of+Dundee&rft.btitle=Dundee+and+District&rft.place=Dundee&rft.pages=284-300&rft.pub=Dundee+Local+Executive+Committee+of+the+British+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=D.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson1990" class="citation cs2">Watson, Mark (1990), Jute and Flax Mills in Dundee, Tayport, Fife: Hutton Press Ltd</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jute+and+Flax+Mills+in+Dundee&rft.place=Tayport%2C+Fife&rft.pub=Hutton+Press+Ltd&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson2004" class="citation cs2">Watson, Norman (2004), The Dundee Whalers 1750–1914, East Linton: Tuckwell Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dundee+Whalers+1750%E2%80%931914&rft.place=East+Linton&rft.pub=Tuckwell+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Norman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson1926" class="citation cs2">Watson, W.J. (1926), Celtic Place Names of Scotland, Edinburgh: Birlinn (2004 reprint)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+Place+Names+of+Scotland&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Birlinn+%282004+reprint%29&rft.date=1926&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=W.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhatley1990" class="citation cs2">Whatley, Christopher (1990), "From Second City to Juteopolis: The Rise of Industrial Dundee", in Kay, W. (ed.), The Dundee Book, Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing, pp. 33–50</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=From+Second+City+to+Juteopolis%3A+The+Rise+of+Industrial+Dundee&rft.btitle=The+Dundee+Book&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pages=33-50&rft.pub=Mainstream+Publishing&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Whatley&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhatley1992" class="citation cs2">Whatley, Christopher A. (1992), Onwards from Osnaburgs: The rise and progress of a Scottish textile company, Don and Low of Forfar 1792–1992, Edinburgh & London: Mainstream Publishing</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Onwards+from+Osnaburgs%3A+The+rise+and+progress+of+a+Scottish+textile+company%2C+Don+and+Low+of+Forfar+1792%E2%80%931992&rft.place=Edinburgh+%26+London&rft.pub=Mainstream+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Whatley&rft.aufirst=Christopher+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhatleySwinfenSmith1993" class="citation cs2">Whatley, Christopher; Swinfen, David B.; Smith, Annette M. (1993), The Life and Times of Dundee, Edinburgh: John Donald Publishers Ltd.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+Dundee&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=John+Donald+Publishers+Ltd.&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Whatley&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.au=Swinfen%2C+David+B.&rft.au=Smith%2C+Annette+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADundee" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dundee&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Dundee at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Dundee">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dundee" class="extiw" title="c:Dundee">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Dundee">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Dundee">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Dundee">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Dundee">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Dundee" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Dundee">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dundee#Q123709" class="extiw" title="voy:Dundee">Dundee</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dundeecity.gov.uk/">Dundee City Council</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movingimage.nls.uk/search?search_term=dundee&search_fields=6&search_join_type=AND&search_fuzzy=no&subject=&location=&personality=&genre=&series=&fiction=&colour=&sound=&year_from=&year_to=&decade=&videos_only=1&search_mode=Advanced&submit=Search+%3E%3E%3E">National Library of Scotland: SCOTTISH SCREEN ARCHIVE</a> (selection of archive films about Dundee)</li></ul> <div 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dundee" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dundee" title="Template:Dundee"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dundee" title="Template talk:Dundee"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dundee" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dundee"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dundee" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dundee</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dundee" title="History of Dundee">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1906_Dundee_fire" title="1906 Dundee fire">1906 Dundee fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kirkton_riot" title="2022 Kirkton riot">2022 Kirkton riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_Historical_Society" title="Abertay Historical Society">Abertay Historical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barony_of_Craigie" class="mw-redirect" title="Barony of Craigie">Barony of Craigie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camperdown_Works" title="Camperdown Works">Camperdown Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Dundee" title="List of castles in Dundee">Castles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broughty_Castle" title="Broughty Castle">Broughty Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Castle" title="Dundee Castle">Dundee Castle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dandy#Dundee" title="The Dandy">The Dandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Corporation_Tramways" title="Dundee Corporation Tramways">Dundee Corporation Tramways</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee,_Broughty_Ferry_and_District_Tramways" title="Dundee, Broughty Ferry and District Tramways">Dundee, Broughty Ferry and District Tramways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_District_Tramways" title="Dundee and District Tramways">Dundee and District Tramways</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Museum_of_Transport" title="Dundee Museum of Transport">Dundee Museum of Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Newtyle_Railway" title="Dundee and Newtyle Railway">Dundee and Newtyle Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Royal_Infirmary" title="Dundee Royal Infirmary">Dundee Royal Infirmary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Stock_Exchange" title="Dundee Stock Exchange">Dundee Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_West_railway_station" title="Dundee West railway station">Dundee West railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Whaling_Expedition" title="Dundee Whaling Expedition">Dundee Whaling Expedition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Island" title="Dundee Island">Dundee Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Glas" title="John Glas">John Glas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glasite" title="Glasite">Glasite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_International_Submarine_Memorial" title="Dundee International Submarine Memorial">HMS Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Unicorn_(1824)" title="HMS Unicorn (1824)">HMS Unicorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Howff" title="The Howff">The Howff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jute_trade#Dundee_Jute_Barons" title="Jute trade">Jute Barons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RNLB_Mona_(ON_775)#The_loss_of_the_Mona" title="RNLB Mona (ON 775)">The Mona Disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiller%27s_marmalade" title="Keiller's marmalade">Keiller's marmalade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_listed_buildings_in_Dundee" title="List of listed buildings in Dundee">List of listed buildings in Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Arch,_Dundee" title="Royal Arch, Dundee">Royal Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Dundee_Liff_Hospital" title="Royal Dundee Liff Hospital">Royal Dundee Liff Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RRS_Discovery" title="RRS Discovery">RRS Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_Bridge_disaster" title="Tay Bridge disaster">Tay Bridge disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_Whale" title="Tay Whale">Tay Whale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayside_House" title="Tayside House">Tayside House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Dundee_history" title="Timeline of Dundee history">Timeline of Dundee history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timex_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Timex strike">Timex strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdant_Works" title="Verdant Works">Verdant Works</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arms of Dundee"><img alt="Arms of Dundee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/100px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/150px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg/200px-CoA_of_Dundee_ext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2374" data-file-height="1967" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Dundee" title="Politics of Dundee">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_House" title="Dundee House">Dundee House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_provosts_of_Dundee" title="List of provosts of Dundee">Provosts and Lord Provosts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DD_postcode_area" title="DD postcode area">DD postcode area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_city_centre" title="Dundee city centre">City centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">Dundee Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Dundee" title="List of places in Dundee">List of places in Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Angus_and_Dundee" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Angus and Dundee">List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Angus and Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tay" title="River Tay">River Tay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Dundee" title="Media in Dundee">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DC_Thomson" title="DC Thomson">DC Thomson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Courier_(Dundee)" title="The Courier (Dundee)">The Courier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_Telegraph_(Dundee)" title="Evening Telegraph (Dundee)">Evening Telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Post" title="The Sunday Post">The Sunday Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Weekly" title="My Weekly">My Weekly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_People%27s_Friend" title="The People's Friend">The People's Friend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beano" title="The Beano">The Beano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave_FM" title="Wave FM">Wave FM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Tay" title="Radio Tay">Radio Tay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tay_FM" title="Tay FM">Tay FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Tay 2">Greatest Hits Radio Tayside & Fife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_FM_(Dundee)" title="Bridge FM (Dundee)">Bridge FM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry_railway_station" title="Broughty Ferry railway station">Broughty Ferry railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Airport" title="Dundee Airport">Dundee Airport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayside_Aviation" title="Tayside Aviation">Tayside Aviation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_railway_station" title="Dundee railway station">Dundee Railway Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forth_Ports" title="Forth Ports">Forth Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cycle_Route_77" title="National Cycle Route 77">National Cycle Route 77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagate_bus_station" title="Seagate bus station">Seagate bus station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_East_Scotland" title="Stagecoach East Scotland">Stagecoach East Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_Bridge" title="Tay Bridge">Tay Rail Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tay_Road_Bridge" title="Tay Road Bridge">Tay Road Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xplore_Dundee" title="Xplore Dundee">Xplore Dundee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abertay_University" title="Abertay University">Abertay University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dundee" title="University of Dundee">University of Dundee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_of_Jordanstone_College_of_Art_and_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design">Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art and Design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_and_Angus_College" title="Dundee and Angus College">Dundee and Angus College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Maktoum_College_of_Higher_Education" title="Al-Maktoum College of Higher Education">Al-Maktoum College of Higher Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Dundee" title="List of schools in Dundee">List of schools in Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_School_of_Contemporary_Dance" title="Scottish School of Contemporary Dance">Scottish School of Contemporary Dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Brechin_(Episcopal)" title="Diocese of Brechin (Episcopal)">Diocese of Brechin (Episcopal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Paul's Cathedral, Dundee">St Paul's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Dunkeld" title="Diocese of Dunkeld">Diocese of Dunkeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Cathedral,_Dundee" title="St Andrew's Cathedral, Dundee">St Andrew's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbytery_of_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbytery of Dundee">Dundee Presbytery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Parish_Church_(St_Mary%27s)" title="Dundee Parish Church (St Mary's)">Dundee Parish Church (St Mary's)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Central_Mosque" title="Dundee Central Mosque">Dundee Central Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Synagogue" title="Dundee Synagogue">Dundee Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Park" title="Baxter Park">Baxter Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caird_Hall" title="Caird Hall">Caird Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camperdown_Country_Park" title="Camperdown Country Park">Camperdown Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Contemporary_Arts" title="Dundee Contemporary Arts">Dundee Contemporary Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Derby" class="mw-redirect" title="Dundee Derby">Dundee Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_International_Book_Prize" title="Dundee International Book Prize">Dundee International Book Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Repertory_Theatre" title="Dundee Repertory Theatre">Dundee Repertory Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Science_Centre" title="Dundee Science Centre">Dundee Science Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiveHouse_Dundee" title="LiveHouse Dundee">LiveHouse Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mills_Observatory" title="Mills Observatory">Mills Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_McManus" title="The McManus">The McManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Dundee" title="List of public art in Dundee">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%26A_Dundee" title="V&A Dundee">V&A Dundee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport clubs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Comets" title="Dundee Comets">Dundee Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_F.C." title="Dundee F.C.">Dundee F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Futsal_Club" title="Dundee Futsal Club">Dundee Futsal Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_HSFP" title="Dundee HSFP">Dundee HSFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Hurricanes" title="Dundee Hurricanes">Dundee Hurricanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Rockets" title="Dundee Rockets">Dundee Rockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Roller_Derby" title="Dundee Roller Derby">Dundee Roller Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Stars" title="Dundee Stars">Dundee Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Tigers" title="Dundee Tigers">Dundee Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_United_F.C." title="Dundee United F.C.">Dundee United F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Academicals_RFC" title="Harris Academicals RFC">Harris Academicals RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Academy_RFC" title="Morgan Academy RFC">Morgan Academy RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Football_clubs_in_Dundee" title="Category:Football clubs in Dundee">Other football clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panmure_RFC" title="Panmure RFC">Panmure RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayside_Musketeers" title="Tayside Musketeers">Tayside Musketeers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caird_Park_Velodrome" title="Caird Park Velodrome">Caird Park Velodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dens_Park" title="Dens Park">Dens Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Ice_Arena" title="Dundee Ice Arena">Dundee Ice Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_International_Sports_Centre" title="Dundee International Sports Centre">Dundee International Sports Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forthill" title="Forthill">Forthill Cricket Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfield_Playing_Fields" title="Mayfield Playing Fields">Mayfield Playing Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Leisure_Centre_(1974)" title="Olympia Leisure Centre (1974)">Olympia Leisure Centre (1974)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Leisure_Centre_(2013)" title="Olympia Leisure Centre (2013)">Olympia Leisure Centre (2013)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tannadice_Park" title="Tannadice Park">Tannadice Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Dental_Hospital" title="Dundee Dental Hospital">Dundee Dental Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Cross_Hospital" title="King's Cross Hospital">King's Cross Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninewells_Hospital" title="Ninewells Hospital">Ninewells Hospital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tayside_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Tayside Children's Hospital">Tayside Children's Hospital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Victoria_Hospital,_Dundee" title="Royal Victoria Hospital, Dundee">Royal Victoria Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Tayside" title="NHS Tayside">NHS Tayside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Dundee" title="Category:Dundee">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Areas_of_Dundee" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_Dundee" title="Template:Areas of Dundee"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_Dundee" title="Template talk:Areas of Dundee"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_Dundee" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of Dundee"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Areas_of_Dundee" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Areas of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dundee</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardler" title="Ardler">Ardler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgay" title="Balgay">Balgay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balgowan,_Dundee" title="Balgowan, Dundee">Balgowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballumbie" title="Ballumbie">Ballumbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackness,_Dundee" title="Blackness, Dundee">Blackness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughty_Ferry" title="Broughty Ferry">Broughty Ferry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnhill,_Dundee" title="Barnhill, Dundee">Barnhill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camperdown,_Dundee" title="Camperdown, Dundee">Camperdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston,_Dundee" title="Charleston, Dundee">Charleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_city_centre" title="Dundee city centre">City Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claverhouse" title="Claverhouse">Claverhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigiebank,_Dundee" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigiebank, Dundee">Craigiebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Dundee" title="Douglas, Dundee">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downfield,_Dundee" title="Downfield, Dundee">Downfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryburgh,_Dundee" title="Dryburgh, Dundee">Dryburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fintry,_Dundee" title="Fintry, Dundee">Fintry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowrie_Park" title="Gowrie Park">Gowrie Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilltown,_Dundee" title="Hilltown, Dundee">Hilltown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkton,_Dundee" title="Kirkton, Dundee">Kirkton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Law" title="Dundee Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochee" title="Lochee">Lochee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logie,_Dundee" title="Logie, Dundee">Logie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menzieshill" title="Menzieshill">Menzieshill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_of_Mains" title="Mill of Mains">Mill of Mains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninewells" title="Ninewells">Ninewells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitkerro" title="Pitkerro">Pitkerro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Marys,_Dundee" title="St Marys, Dundee">St Marys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stobswell" title="Stobswell">Stobswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Dundee" title="West End, Dundee">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitfield,_Dundee" title="Whitfield, Dundee">Whitfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodside,_Dundee" title="Woodside, Dundee">Woodside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Dundee" title="List of places in Dundee">List of places in Dundee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Destinations_from_Dundee" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Destinations_from_Dundee" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Destinations from Dundee</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pitlochry" title="Pitlochry">Pitlochry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coupar_Angus" title="Coupar Angus">Coupar Angus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forfar" title="Forfar">Forfar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montrose,_Angus" title="Montrose, Angus">Montrose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />DUNDEE<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Carnoustie" title="Carnoustie">Carnoustie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arbroath" title="Arbroath">Arbroath</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newport-on-Tay" title="Newport-on-Tay">Newport-on-Tay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cupar" title="Cupar">Cupar</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/St_Andrews" title="St Andrews">St Andrews</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Local_government_of_Scotland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#bfd7ff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scotland_subdivisions" title="Template:Scotland subdivisions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scotland_subdivisions" title="Template talk:Scotland subdivisions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland_subdivisions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scotland subdivisions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Local_government_of_Scotland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Scotland" title="Local government in Scotland">Local government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_City_(council_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aberdeen City (council area)">Aberdeen City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeenshire" title="Aberdeenshire">Aberdeenshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus,_Scotland" title="Angus, Scotland">Angus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute" title="Argyll and Bute">Argyll and Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clackmannanshire" title="Clackmannanshire">Clackmannanshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumfries_and_Galloway" title="Dumfries and Galloway">Dumfries and Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_(council_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dundee City (council area)">Dundee City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ayrshire" title="East Ayrshire">East Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Dunbartonshire" title="East Dunbartonshire">East Dunbartonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Lothian" title="East Lothian">East Lothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Renfrewshire" title="East Renfrewshire">East Renfrewshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_(council_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Edinburgh (council area)">City of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_(council_area)" title="Falkirk (council area)">Falkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_City_(council_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow City (council area)">Glasgow City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_(council_area)" title="Highland (council area)">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverclyde" title="Inverclyde">Inverclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlothian" title="Midlothian">Midlothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moray" title="Moray">Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Na h-Eileanan an Iar (Western Isles)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ayrshire" title="North Ayrshire">North Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lanarkshire" title="North Lanarkshire">North Lanarkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth_and_Kinross" title="Perth and Kinross">Perth and Kinross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renfrewshire" title="Renfrewshire">Renfrewshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ayrshire" title="South Ayrshire">South Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Lanarkshire" title="South Lanarkshire">South Lanarkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_(council_area)" title="Stirling (council area)">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Dunbartonshire" title="West Dunbartonshire">West Dunbartonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Lothian" title="West Lothian">West Lothian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_City_Council" title="Aberdeen City Council">Aberdeen City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeenshire_Council" title="Aberdeenshire Council">Aberdeenshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Angus Council">Angus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argyll_and_Bute_Council" title="Argyll and Bute Council">Argyll and Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clackmannanshire_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Clackmannanshire Council">Clackmannanshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumfries_and_Galloway_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumfries and Galloway Council">Dumfries and Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_City_Council" title="Dundee City Council">Dundee City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ayrshire_Council" title="East Ayrshire Council">East Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Dunbartonshire_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="East Dunbartonshire Council">East Dunbartonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Lothian_Council" title="East Lothian Council">East Lothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Renfrewshire_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="East Renfrewshire Council">East Renfrewshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_Council" title="City of Edinburgh Council">City of Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkirk_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Falkirk Council">Falkirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fife_Council" title="Fife Council">Fife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_City_Council" title="Glasgow City Council">Glasgow City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Council" title="Highland Council">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverclyde_Council" title="Inverclyde Council">Inverclyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlothian_Council" title="Midlothian Council">Midlothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moray_Council" title="Moray Council">Moray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comhairle_nan_Eilean_Siar" title="Comhairle nan Eilean Siar">Comhairle nan Eilean Siar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ayrshire_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ayrshire Council">North Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lanarkshire_Council" title="North Lanarkshire Council">North Lanarkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orkney_Islands_Council" title="Orkney Islands Council">Orkney Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth_and_Kinross_Council" title="Perth and Kinross Council">Perth and Kinross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renfrewshire_Council" title="Renfrewshire Council">Renfrewshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Borders Council">Scottish Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shetland_Islands_Council" title="Shetland Islands Council">Shetland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ayrshire_Council" title="South Ayrshire Council">South Ayrshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Lanarkshire_Council" title="South Lanarkshire Council">South Lanarkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Stirling Council">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Dunbartonshire_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="West Dunbartonshire Council">West Dunbartonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Lothian_Council" title="West Lothian Council">West Lothian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_council_areas_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish council areas by area">List by area</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_council_areas_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish council areas by population">population</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_council_areas_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Scottish council areas by population density">density</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Cities_of_the_United_Kingdom_and_overseas_territories" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UK_cities" title="Template:UK cities"><abbr title="View this 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/City_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="City status in the United Kingdom">Cities of the</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and overseas territories</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Bradford" title="City of Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_and_Hove" title="Brighton and Hove">Brighton and Hove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Canterbury" title="City of Canterbury">Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlisle" title="Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Chelmsford" title="City of Chelmsford">Chelmsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester" title="Chester">Chester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichester" title="Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coventry" title="Coventry">Coventry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derby" title="Derby">Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Doncaster" title="City of Doncaster">Doncaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham,_England" title="Durham, England">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ely,_Cambridgeshire" title="Ely, Cambridgeshire">Ely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exeter" title="Exeter">Exeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester" title="Gloucester">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereford" title="Hereford">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Kingston upon Hull">Kingston upon Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Lancaster" title="City of Lancaster">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Leeds" title="City of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester" title="Leicester">Leicester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichfield" title="Lichfield">Lichfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_England" title="Lincoln, England">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Milton_Keynes" title="City of Milton Keynes">Milton Keynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle upon Tyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich" title="Norwich">Norwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham" title="Nottingham">Nottingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Peterborough" title="City of Peterborough">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth" title="Plymouth">Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth" title="Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Preston,_Lancashire" title="City of Preston, Lancashire">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon" title="Ripon">Ripon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Albans_City_and_District" class="mw-redirect" title="St Albans City and District">St Albans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Salford" title="City of Salford">Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salisbury" title="Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Sheffield" title="City of Sheffield">Sheffield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southend-on-Sea" title="Southend-on-Sea">Southend-on-Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke-on-Trent" title="Stoke-on-Trent">Stoke-on-Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Sunderland" title="City of Sunderland">Sunderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truro" title="Truro">Truro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Wakefield" title="City of Wakefield">Wakefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster" title="City of Westminster">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Winchester" title="City of Winchester">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolverhampton" title="Wolverhampton">Wolverhampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester,_England" title="Worcester, England">Worcester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_York" title="City of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dundee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunfermline" title="Dunfermline">Dunfermline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness" title="Inverness">Inverness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirling" title="Stirling">Stirling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/23px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/35px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/46px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangor,_Gwynedd" title="Bangor, Gwynedd">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newport,_Wales" title="Newport, Wales">Newport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Asaph" title="St Asaph">St Asaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Davids" title="St Davids">St Davids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea" title="Swansea">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrexham" title="Wrexham">Wrexham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armagh" title="Armagh">Armagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangor,_County_Down" title="Bangor, County Down">Bangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisburn" title="Lisburn">Lisburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newry" title="Newry">Newry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory#United_Kingdom" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="British_overseas_cities" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_overseas_cities" title="British overseas cities">British overseas cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Bermuda" title="Hamilton, Bermuda">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamestown,_Saint_Helena" title="Jamestown, Saint Helena">Jamestown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley,_Falkland_Islands" title="Stanley, Falkland Islands">Stanley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143065420">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxhqh93qq7cyk9VvTjjYP">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4207272-4">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80079663">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge534174&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552605305171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-nvvrp","wgBackendResponseTime":213,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"4.185","walltime":"4.750","ppvisitednodes":{"value":34800,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":957246,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":59906,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":29,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":35,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":975982,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 4024.732 1 -total"," 25.29% 1017.814 2 Template:Reflist"," 18.02% 725.328 160 Template:Cite_web"," 16.11% 648.369 1 Template:Infobox_settlement"," 14.40% 579.535 1 Template:Infobox"," 14.35% 577.624 114 Template:Citation"," 8.05% 324.034 226 Template:Harvnb"," 3.86% 155.551 6 Template:Navbox"," 3.15% 126.861 30 Template:Cite_news"," 3.02% 121.421 25 Template:Fix"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"2.542","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":26401788,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREF150_Nethergate,_St_Andrew\u0026#039;s_Roman_Catholic_Cathedral,_Including_Presbytery_and_Former_Sea_Wall_to_South,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF1971–2000_\u0026gt;25c_days\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF1971–2000_average_warmest_day\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF27_West_Henderson\u0026#039;s_Wynd_and_Return_Elevation_to_Milne_Street,_Verdant_Works,_Category_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF2_Lochee_Road,_Tay_Works,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF2_Princes_Street,_Upper_Dens_Mill,_Category_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF70–73_(Inclusive_Nos)_High_Street,_Including_Gardyne\u0026#039;s_Land,_Gray\u0026#039;s_Close_and_Clock_with_Model_of_the_Town_House\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAbrams2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAl-Maktoum_Institute\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlmost_Famous\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAmbulance_Stations_in_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAssemblies_of_God_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAug_1995_Maximum\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarrow1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarrow1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarrow2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBartholomew1912\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBartram2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBatchelor2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaxter2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBluck2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlue_Bin_Paper_Collections\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrechin-Iowa-Swaziland:_Walking_together_in_companionship\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBritish_Movietone2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown_Bin_Garden_Waste_Collection\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCaird_Park_Mains_Castle,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCamperdown_Dock,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCastle_Hill,_St_Paul\u0026#039;s_Episcopal_Cathedral,_including_steps_and_boundary_wall,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCensus_Dissemination_Unit2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChecklandCheckland1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChronicle_of_The_City\u0026#039;s_Office_Bearers,_Chambers,_Regalia,_Castles_\u0026amp;_Twin_Cities\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChurch_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCity_promotes_Emirates_connection\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClaypotts_Castle,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCollege_of_Life_Sciences\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColvin2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFComparative_Employment:_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFComparative_Population:_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFContact_numbers_for_BBC_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCortada1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCouncillors_–_Political_Wards_–_by_Councillor_Surname\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCouncils_plot_revolt_over_re-draw_plan2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCowan1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCox_may_be_ambassador_for_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCramb2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCullenWhatleyYoung2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDawson2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDayMilne2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDevineLeePeden2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDingwall2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDiscover_Dundee_Retail\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDragging_a_building_into_the_21st_century\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDudhope_Castle,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee\u0026#039;s_Twins_Around_the_World\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_\u0026amp;_Angus_Radio_Controlled_Car_Klub_(DARCCK)\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Airport\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Blues_Bonanza\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Central_Waterfront_Masterplan_2001–2031\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Christadelphian_Ecclesia\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_City_Council_Political_Make-up\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Congregational_Church\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Economic_Profile\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_HSFP\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Hebrew_Congregation\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Heritage_Trust1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_House\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Islamic_Society_Central_Mosque\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Methodist_Church\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Mountain_Film_Festival\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Quaker_Meeting\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Scots\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Stars_join_Elite\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Tory_leader_hits_out_at_critic2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_United\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_Waterfront_Brochure\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDundee_to_get_its_own_V\u0026amp;A_museum\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDurie1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdward1846\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEquality1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEuclid_Crescent_High_School,_including_Lodge,_Gatepiers,_Boundary_wall_and_railings,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEuropean_Cup_History,_Season_1962–1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEuropean_Cup_History,_Season_1983–1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFate_of_Whitfield\u0026#039;s_Skarne_blocks_to_be_decided\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFerguson1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFifth_Periodical_Review_of_Constituencies\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFirst_Dundee_computer_next_year\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFoggie2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFForfar_Road,_Morgan_Academy,_Main_Block_and_Janitor\u0026#039;s_House_with_Terrace,_Boundary_Walls_and_Gatepiers,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFour_Dundee_Hilltown_multi-storey_blocks_to_come_down\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGaleKaur2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardyne\u0026#039;s_Land_wins_multiple_awards\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeneral_Agreements_on_Tariffs_and_Trade_1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeoIndex_Onshore\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlendinning1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGraeme_Dey,_MSP_for_Angus_South\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGurudwaras_in_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris_Academy\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHindu_Council_UK\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuband2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHuntford1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunting_the_Whale:_The_Whale_Ships\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFInternational_Alliance_for_Mountain_Film\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFInternational_Jewish_Cemetery_Project_–_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJacksonKinnear1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames_McGovern,_MP_for_Dundee_West\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJarron2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJehovah\u0026#039;s_Witnesses_–_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJimmy_MacDonad\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJoe_Birchenall\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJoe_Fitzpatrick,_MSP_for_Dundee_West\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJul_2006_Mean\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKenefick2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKerbside_Recycling_Box_Scheme\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKerr1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKingspark_School\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnoxMcKinlay2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLast_of_Menzieshill_multis_to_be_brought_down_this_week\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaw_Hill_War_Memorial,_Category_B_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLenman1980\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLenmanLytheGauldie1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFList_of_MEPs_in_Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLittle_Tipperary:_The_Irish_in_Lochee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLocal_Governance_(Scotland)_Act_2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLocal_Government_etc._(Scotland)_Act_1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLogie_Conservation_Area\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLythe1958\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacdonald2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMackie1836\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathew1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathewson1879\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCarthy2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCluskey1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcGonagall1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKean1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKean2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKean2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKeanSwanArchibald2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKeanWalker1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKeanWhatleywith_Baxter2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeadowside_and_Barrack_Street,_The_Howff,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMerriman2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMethven_Street,_Camperdown_Works_High_Mill_or_Silver_Mill,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMid-2008_Population_Estimates\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMilne2024\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan_Academy\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNCR_Cash_Advance\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNME_Interview_with_Placebo\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNational_Synod_of_Scotland,_URC_East_Link\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_Old_St_Paul\u0026#039;s_and_St_David\u0026#039;s,_or_South_Church,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Clement\u0026#039;s,_or_Steeple_Church,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Mary\u0026#039;s_East,_or_Dundee_Parish_Church,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNethergate,_City_Churches,_St_Mary\u0026#039;s_Tower_or_the_Steeple,_Category_A_Listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeuburg1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNilupul_Foundation\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOrdnance_Survey_Landranger_Map2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPanmure_and_Stobswell\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatrick2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeelFinlaysonMcMahon2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPolicing_in_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPont1583–1596\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopulation_Matters\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopulation_density:_Scotland:_by_unitary_authority\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowrie,_Old_Powrie_Castle,_Including_Adjoining_Boundary_Wall\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPresbytery_of_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrimary_Schools\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrinces_Street_and_Return_Elevations_to_Dens_Street,_Constable_Street_and_St_Roques_Lane,_Lower_Dens_Works,_Category_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRCAHMS_Canmore_database:_Dundee,_Stannergate\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadio_Tay\u0026#039;s_first_day\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRae2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRecycling_Centres\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRecycling_Points\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRegional_mapped_climate_averages\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReid1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoul2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoyal_Commission_on_the_Ancient_and_Historical_Monuments_of_Scotland_1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSalvation_Army_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSalvation_Army_Menzieshill\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScotland\u0026#039;s_Jewish_Community\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScott2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScottish_Ambulance_Service\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScottish_Junior_Football_Clubs_A–K\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScrimgeour1968\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSecondary_Schools\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSensation_Science_Centre\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShona_Robison,_MSP_for_Dundee_East\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmout1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSnow_Patrol\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSoil_Survey_of_Scotland1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart_Hosie,_MP_for_Dundee_East\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrachan2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrong1909\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSwiftGilley1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTannadice_Park\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTenants_gone,_soon_multi_too\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Complete_History_of_DMA_Design\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Diocese_of_Brechin\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThe_Diocese_of_Dunkeld\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTimex_pulls_the_plug_on_Dundee_plant\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTomlinsonMorelliWright2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrinity_Baptist_Church\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTurnock1982\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUEFA_Cup_History,_Season_1986–1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUK_Mosque_Searcher:_Mosques_in_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUK_Postcode_to_Postcode_Calculator\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUrquhart2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVictoria_Dock_with_Pedestrian_and_Vehicular_Swing_Bridges,_Category_A_listing\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker1968\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaste_Aware_Tayside\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatson1926\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatson1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWatson2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhatley1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhatley1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhatleySwinfenSmith1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliamson_Unitarian_Christian_Church_Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWood1821\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFmoney_for_computer_games_centre\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFnew_Olympia_leisure_centre\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 3,\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Adjacent communities\"] = 1,\n [\"Areas of Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Bar box\"] = 1,\n [\"Bar percent\"] = 10,\n [\"Bare URL inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation\"] = 113,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite legislation UK\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 30,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 158,\n [\"Clarify\"] = 1,\n [\"Collapsible list\"] = 2,\n [\"Columns-list\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 18,\n [\"Coord\"] = 44,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 21,\n [\"Dundee\"] = 1,\n [\"Flag\"] = 15,\n [\"Gbmappingsmall\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 140,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 226,\n [\"Historic Environment Scotland\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA-gd\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"Incomplete list\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox settlement\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 4,\n [\"Langx\"] = 3,\n [\"Left\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map+\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map~\"] = 44,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Native name\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 2,\n [\"Pad\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-pc\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 4,\n [\"Refend\"] = 4,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"Scotland settlement population citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Scotland subdivisions\"] = 1,\n [\"Scottish council populations\"] = 3,\n [\"Scottish locality populations\"] = 2,\n [\"Scottish settlement populations\"] = 1,\n [\"See\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 2,\n [\"Ship\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Spaces\"] = 3,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 2,\n [\"UK cities\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 1,\n [\"United Kingdom district population citation\"] = 1,\n [\"United Kingdom statistics year\"] = 2,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Weather box\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 8,\n [\"Wikidatacoord\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikivoyage inline\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","860","30.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","360","12.9"],["recursiveClone 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