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<a href=/list/physics/new?skip=0&show=1000 rel="nofollow"> fewer</a> | <span style="color: #454545">more</span> | <span style="color: #454545">all</span> </div> <dl id='articles'> <h3>New submissions (showing 56 of 56 entries)</h3> <dt> <a name='item1'>[1]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12159" title="Abstract" id="2502.12159"> arXiv:2502.12159 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12159" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12159" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12159">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12159v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12159" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12159" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12159" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12159" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12159">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Causal Interpretations in Observational Studies: The Role of Sociocultural Backgrounds and Team Dynamics </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+J">Jun Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+B">Bei Yu</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)</span>; Computation and Language (cs.CL) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The prevalence of drawing causal conclusions from observational studies has raised concerns about potential exaggeration in science communication. While some believe causal language should only apply to randomized controlled trials, others argue that rigorous methods can justify causal claims in observational studies. Ideally, causal language should align with the strength of the evidence. However, through the analysis of over 80,000 observational study abstracts using computational linguistic and regression methods, we found that causal language is more frequently used by less experienced authors, smaller research teams, male last authors, and authors from countries with higher uncertainty avoidance indices. These findings suggest that the use of causal language may be influenced by external factors such as the sociocultural backgrounds of authors and the dynamics of research collaboration. This newly identified link deepens our understanding of how such factors help shape scientific conclusions in causal inference and science communication. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item2'>[2]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12161" title="Abstract" id="2502.12161"> arXiv:2502.12161 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12161" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12161" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12161">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12161v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12161" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12161" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12161" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12161" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12161">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Geophysical Insights for Earthquake Forecasting: A Cross-Disciplinary Review </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ying,+Z">Zhang Ying</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Congcong,+W">Wen Congcong</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Didier,+S">Sornette Didier</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chengxiang,+Z">Zhan Chengxiang</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)</span>; Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Earthquake forecasting remains a significant scientific challenge, with current methods falling short of achieving the performance necessary for meaningful societal benefits. Traditional models, primarily based on past seismicity and geomechanical data, struggle to capture the complexity of seismic patterns and often overlook valuable non-seismic precursors such as geophysical, geochemical, and atmospheric anomalies. The integration of such diverse data sources into forecasting models, combined with advancements in AI technologies, offers a promising path forward. AI methods, particularly deep learning, excel at processing complex, large-scale datasets, identifying subtle patterns, and handling multidimensional relationships, making them well-suited for overcoming the limitations of conventional approaches. <br>This review highlights the importance of combining AI with geophysical knowledge to create robust, physics-informed forecasting models. It explores current AI methods, input data types, loss functions, and practical considerations for model development, offering guidance to both geophysicists and AI researchers. While many AI-based studies oversimplify earthquake prediction, neglecting critical features such as data imbalance and spatio-temporal clustering, the integration of specialized geophysical insights into AI models can address these shortcomings. <br>We emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, urging geophysicists to experiment with AI architectures thoughtfully and encouraging AI experts to deepen their understanding of seismology. By bridging these disciplines, we can develop more accurate, reliable, and societally impactful earthquake forecasting tools. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item3'>[3]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12165" title="Abstract" id="2502.12165"> arXiv:2502.12165 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12165" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12165" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12165">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12165v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12165" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12165" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12165" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12165" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12165">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> New entropy, thermodynamics of apparent horizon and cosmology </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kruglov,+S+I">S. I. Kruglov</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 6 pages, 7 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">General Physics (physics.gen-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Here, we consider new nonadditive entropy of the apparent horizon $S_K=S_{BH}/(1+\gamma S_{BH})$ with $S_{BH}$ being the Bekenstein--Hawking entropy. This is an alternative of the R茅nyi and Tsallis entropies, that allow us by utilizing the holographic principle to develop of a new model of holographic dark energy. When $\gamma\rightarrow 0$ our entropy becomes the Bekenstein--Hawking entropy $S_{BH}$. The generalized Friedmann's equations for Friedmann--Lema卯tre--Robertson--Walker (FLRW) space-time for the barotropic matter fluid with $p=w\rho$ were obtained. We compute the dark energy pressure $p_D$, density energy $\rho_D$ and the deceleration parameter corresponding to our model. From the second modified Friedmann's equation a dynamical cosmological constant was obtained. We show that at some model parameters $w$ and $\beta$ there are two phases, universe acceleration and deceleration or the phase of the eternal inflation. Thus, our model, by virtue of the holographic principle, can describe the universe inflation and late time of the universe acceleration. The holographic dark energy model with the generalized entropy of the apparent horizon can be of interest for new cosmology. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item4'>[4]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12166" title="Abstract" id="2502.12166"> arXiv:2502.12166 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12166" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12166" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12166">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12166v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12166" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12166" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12166" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12166" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12166">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Coupling Light Waves to Gravitational Waves </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=McCall,+M+W">Martin W. McCall</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koufidis,+S+F">Stefanos Fr. Koufidis</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 4-page Letter with 2 Figures; 6-page Supplement </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">General Physics (physics.gen-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> We demonstrate that gravitational waves, upon interacting with co-propagating electromagnetic radiation, induce distinctive sidebands on the modulated light, thereby providing a detectable signature of their presence. Employing a covariant coupled-wave framework, we envision gravitational waves as phase-insensitive ``luminal moving gratings'' and derive phase-matching conditions that articulate such an interaction whilst conserving both energy and momentum. Besides preserving the directional signature of gravitational waves, the coupling imposes no coherence requirements, hence enabling possibilities for exploiting cosmic microwave background radiation. Although detection at low frequencies is constrained by the requirement of long interaction lengths, advances in laser technology are poised to enable high-frequency gravitational wave detection, potentially unveiling insights into the primordial spacetime ripples traversing the cosmos since the inflationary epoch. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item5'>[5]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12169" title="Abstract" id="2502.12169"> arXiv:2502.12169 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12169" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12169" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12169">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12169v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12169" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12169" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12169" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12169" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12169">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Antimatter Annihilation Vertex Reconstruction with Deep Learning for ALPHA-g Radial Time Projection Chamber </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferreira,+A">Ashley Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Singh,+M">Mahip Singh</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Saito,+Y">Yukiya Saito</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Capra,+A">Andrea Capra</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Carli,+I">Ina Carli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Quiceno,+D+D">Daniel Duque Quiceno</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fedorko,+W+T">Wojciech T. Fedorko</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fujiwara,+M+C">Makoto C. Fujiwara</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li,+M">Muyan Li</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Martin,+L">Lars Martin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Smith,+G">Gareth Smith</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu,+A">Anqui Xu</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span>; Machine Learning (cs.LG); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The ALPHA-g experiment at CERN aims to precisely measure the terrestrial gravitational acceleration of antihydrogen atoms. A radial Time Projection Chamber (rTPC), that surrounds the ALPHA-g magnetic trap, is employed to determine the annihilation location, called the vertex. The standard approach requires identifying the trajectories of the ionizing particles in the rTPC from the location of their interaction in the gas (spacepoints), and inferring the vertex positions by finding the point where those trajectories (helices) pass closest to one another. In this work, we present a novel approach to vertex reconstruction using an ensemble of models based on the PointNet deep learning architecture. The newly developed model, PointNet Ensemble for Annihilation Reconstruction (PEAR), directly learns the relation between the location of the vertices and the rTPC spacepoints, thus eliminating the need to identify and fit the particle tracks. PEAR shows strong performance in reconstructing vertical vertex positions from simulated data, that is superior to the standard approach for all metrics considered. Furthermore, the deep learning approach can reconstruct the vertical vertex position when the standard approach fails. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item6'>[6]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12182" title="Abstract" id="2502.12182"> arXiv:2502.12182 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12182" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12182" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12182">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12182v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12182" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12182" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12182" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12182" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12182">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Towards Transparent and Accurate Plasma State Monitoring at JET </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=B%C3%BCrli,+A">Andrin B眉rli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pau,+A">Alessandro Pau</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koller,+T">Thomas Koller</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sauter,+O">Olivier Sauter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Contributors,+J">JET Contributors</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)</span>; Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Controlling and monitoring plasma within a tokamak device is complex and challenging. Plasma off-normal events, such as disruptions, are hindering steady-state operation. For large devices, they can even endanger the machine's integrity and it represents in general one of the most serious concerns for the exploitation of the tokamak concept for future power plants. Effective plasma state monitoring carries the potential to enable an understanding of such phenomena and their evolution which is crucial for the successful operation of tokamaks. This paper presents the application of a transparent and data-driven methodology to monitor the plasma state in a tokamak. Compared to previous studies in the field, supervised and unsupervised learning techniques are combined. The dataset consisted of 520 expert-validated discharges from JET. The goal was to provide an interpretable plasma state representation for the JET operational space by leveraging multi-task learning for the first time in the context of plasma state monitoring. When evaluated as disruption predictors, a sequence-based approach showed significant improvements compared to the state-based models. The best resulting network achieved a promising cross-validated success rate when combined with a physical indicator and accounting for nearby instabilities. Qualitative evaluations of the learned latent space uncovered operational and disruptive regions as well as patterns related to learned dynamics and global feature importance. The applied methodology provides novel possibilities for the definition of triggers to switch between different control scenarios, data analysis, and learning as well as exploring latent dynamics for plasma state monitoring. It also showed promising quantitative and qualitative results with warning times suitable for avoidance purposes and distributions that are consistent with known physical mechanisms. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item7'>[7]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12190" title="Abstract" id="2502.12190"> arXiv:2502.12190 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12190" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12190" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12190">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12190" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12190" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12190">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Lagrangian formalism in the theory of relativistic vector fields </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fedosin,+S+G">Sergey G. Fedosin</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 48 pages </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> International Journal of Modern Physics A, Vol. 40, No. 02, 2450163 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">General Physics (physics.gen-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The Lagrangian formalism is used to derive covariant equations that are suitable for use in continuously distributed matter in curved spacetime. Special attention is given to theoretical representation, in which the Lagrangian and its derivatives are directly involved. The obtained results, including equation for metric, equation of motion, equations for fields, are applied to purely vector fields. As a consequence, formulas are determined for calculating the basic quantities necessary to describe physical systems. In this case, not only the pressure field and the acceleration field are taken into account, but also the electromagnetic and gravitational fields outside the matter, which contribute to the four-momentum and to the four-dimensional angular momentum pseudotensor of each system. It is shown that the canonical representation of the angular momentum pseudotensor is its representation with covariant indices. The radius-vector of the center of momentum of a physical system is determined in covariant form. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item8'>[8]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12194" title="Abstract" id="2502.12194"> arXiv:2502.12194 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12194" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12194" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12194">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12194" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12194" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12194">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> New Calculations of the Turbulence-Turbulence Contribution to the Wind Noise Pressure Spectra within Homogeneous Anisotropic Turbulence </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+J">Jiao Yu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jiang,+C">Chuanyang Jiang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu,+Y">Yanying Zhu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+J">Jie Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yao,+C">Cailian Yao</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Raspet,+R">Richard Raspet</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lyons,+G+W">Gregory W. Lyons</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The turbulence-turbulence interaction and the turbulence-shear interaction are the sources of intrinsic pressure fluctuation for wind noise generated by atmospheric turbulence. In previous research [Yu et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129(2), 622-632 (2011)], it was shown that the measured turbulent fields outdoors can be realistically modeled with Kraichnan's mirror flow model [Kraichnan, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 28(3), 378-390 (1956)]. This paper applies Kraichnan's mirror flow idea to develop theory for calculating the turbulence-turbulence interaction wind noise pressure spectra within homogeneous anisotropic turbulence. New calculations of the turbulence-turbulence contribution to the wind noise pressure spectra by incorporating turbulence anisotropy are performed and compared to the result using the same approach but with isotropic input and the result of the turbulence-turbulence interaction pressure spectrum for homogeneous isotropic turbulence using George et al.'s method [George et al., J. Fluid Mech. 148, 155-191 (1984)]. We also evaluated different contributions to the turbulence-turbulence interaction pressure spectra using our approach with both anisotropic and isotropic inputs. Our results indicate that the turbulence anisotropy has small effect on the turbulence-turbulence interaction pressure in source region, but changes the spectral slope in inertial region to about -5/3. The turbulence-turbulence interaction pressure spectrum incorporating turbulence anisotropy is not sensitive to height. The F33F33 term and the F11F11 term are the most dominant contributions to the anisotropic turbulence pressure spectra in the source region and inertial region, respectively. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item9'>[9]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12205" title="Abstract" id="2502.12205"> arXiv:2502.12205 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12205" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12205" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12205">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12205" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12205" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12205">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> A Rigid Beam Acting in the Shearing Manner to the Quasi-Crystalline Half-Space </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Altoumaimi,+M">Mohammed Altoumaimi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Loboda,+V">Voldymyr Loboda</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 0 pages, 5 figures, published in Problems of Computational Mechanics and Structural Strength 2024, Issue 38 </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Problems of Computational Mechanics and Structural Strength 2024, Issue 38 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)</span>; Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) </div> <p class='mathjax'> An analytical model describing the action of a rigid beam under shear forces to the quasi-crystalline half-space is analyzed. The elasticity theory of quasicrystals and the method of complex variables is used. Graphs of stresses and displacements for both phonon and phason fields along the edge of the half-space have been obtained </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item10'>[10]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12212" title="Abstract" id="2502.12212"> arXiv:2502.12212 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12212" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12212" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12212">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12212" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12212" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12212">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Asymptotic Behavior of Resonant Frequencies in Cylindrical Samples for Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akins,+J+E">Jake E. Akins</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Holycross,+C+M">Casey M. Holycross</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Farzbod,+F">Farhad Farzbod</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">General Physics (physics.gen-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) is a non-destructive technique for assessing the elastic and anelastic properties of materials by analyzing the frequencies of free vibrations in samples with known geometry. This paper explores the asymptotic behavior of eigenfrequencies in samples with cylindrical geometry. Extending prior research on cuboid samples, our study represents another step toward characterizing asymptotic behavior in arbitrarily shaped samples. While our findings are specific to cylindrical geometries, they are particularly relevant since many RUS samples adopt this shape. Furthermore, we present results on computing derivatives of Zernike polynomials, which may enhance the efficiency of resonant frequency calculations in the RUS method. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item11'>[11]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12220" title="Abstract" id="2502.12220"> arXiv:2502.12220 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12220" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12220" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12220">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12220v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12220" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12220" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12220" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12220" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12220">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> A thermal Green-Naghdi model with time dependent bathymetry and complete Coriolis force </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Holm,+D+D">Darryl D. Holm</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Street,+O+D">Oliver D. Street</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> For submission to "STUOD" conference proceedings, comments welcome </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)</span>; Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) </div> <p class='mathjax'> This paper extends the theoretical Euler-Poincar茅 framework for modelling ocean mixed layer dynamics. Through a symmetry-broken Lie group invariant variational principle, we derive a generalised Green-Naghdi equation with time dependent bathymetry, a complete Coriolis force, and inhomogeneity of the thermal buoyancy. The nature of the model derived here lends it a potential future application to wave dynamics generated by changes to the bathymetry. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item12'>[12]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12230" title="Abstract" id="2502.12230"> arXiv:2502.12230 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12230" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12230" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12230">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12230v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12230" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12230" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12230" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12230" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12230">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Interplay between Airy and Coriolis precessions in a real Foucault pendulum </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=N.N.Salva">N.N.Salva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=H.R.Salva">H.R.Salva</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)</span>; Physics Education (physics.ed-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We study the precession of a Foucault pendulum using a new approach. We characterize the support anisotropy by the difference between the maximum and minimum periods of the pendulum along the principal axes of the support. Then we compute the total precession rate, taking into account both the Airy precession of a spherical pendulum and the Coriolis precession due to the Earth's rotation. To study the resulting motion we developed a calculation loop, period after period, which describes the movement of the oscillatory trajectory of the bob. To test our model, we mounted a test pendulum of 480.3 cm length and measured its periods and precession. The rate of precession is sensitive to the dimensions of the pendulum, the anisotropy of the support, and the initial conditions. We find that for certain amplitudes the precession can stop entirely, while the pendulum continues to oscillate. It is also possible to obtain continuous precession at lower oscillation amplitudes. We give an upper bound for this critical oscillation amplitude. We close with a discussion of the implications of our findings for the design of Foucault pendulums used in demonstrations and lab experiments. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item13'>[13]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12254" title="Abstract" id="2502.12254"> arXiv:2502.12254 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12254" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12254" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12254">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12254v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12254" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12254" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12254" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12254" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12254">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Many-body and QED effects in electron-atom inelastic scattering in EELS </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iatrakis,+I">Ioannis Iatrakis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brudanin,+V">Valerii Brudanin</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 44 pages, 13 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span>; Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The elemental composition and electronic structure analysis of materials in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) is probed by the inner shell ionization of atoms. This is a localized process in the material which can be well approximated by the scattering of a beam electron from a free atom. The inelastic differential cross section is calculated in the context of Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). The interaction of the incoming electron with the atom factorizes and it is treated perturbatively in QED. The atomic transition currents are calculated in the context of the relaxed Dirac-Hartree-Fock method. Correlation effects, which are induced by the relaxation of the atomic orbitals due to the created core-hole, are analyzed. Such effects are particularly important for quantum many-body systems and they are shown to have important impact on the shape of the differential cross section near the ionization threshold in Electron Energy Loss Spectra. In addition to the ionization spectrum, we calculate the excitation spectrum of Sc and Dy oxides using the crystal field multiplet theory. The calculation is compared to experimental EELS data and shows good agreement. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item14'>[14]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12316" title="Abstract" id="2502.12316"> arXiv:2502.12316 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12316" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12316" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12316">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12316v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12316" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12316" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12316" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12316" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12316">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Large-scale clustering of inertial particles in a rotating, stratified and inhomogeneous turbulence </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kleeorin,+N">Nathan Kleeorin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rogachevskii,+I">Igor Rogachevskii</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 15 pages, revtex4-2 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Geophysics (physics.geo-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We develop a theory of various kinds of large-scale clustering of inertial particles in a rotating density stratified or inhomogeneous turbulent fluid flows. The large-scale particle clustering occurs in scales which are much larger than the integral scale of turbulence, and it is described in terms of the effective pumping velocity in a turbulent flux of particles. We show that for a fast rotating strongly anisotropic turbulence, the large-scale clustering occurs in the plane perpendicular to rotation axis in the direction of the fluid density stratification. We apply the theory of the large-scale particle clustering for explanation of the formation of planetesimals (progenitors of planets) in accretion protoplanetary discs. We determine the radial profiles of the radial and azimuthal components of the effective pumping velocity of particles which have two maxima corresponding to different regimes of the particle--fluid interactions: at the small radius it is the Stokes regime, while at the larger radius it is the Epstein regime. With the decrease the particle radius, the distance between the maxima increases. This implies that smaller-size particles are concentrated nearby the central body of the accretion disk, while larger-size particles are accumulated far from the central body. The dynamic time of the particle clustering is about $\tau_{\rm dyn} \sim 10^5$--$10^6$ years, while the turbulent diffusion time is about $10^7$ years, that is much larger than the characteristic formation time of large-scale particle clusters ($\sim \tau_{\rm dyn}$). </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item15'>[15]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12318" title="Abstract" id="2502.12318"> arXiv:2502.12318 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12318" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12318" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12318">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12318v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12318" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12318" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12318" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12318" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12318">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Open-System Virus Particle Physics: A Non-Self-Adjoint, Stochastic PDE, and Fock-Space Framework for Many-Lattice Viral Dynamics </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kleess,+L+S">Lillian St. Kleess</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> We develop a theoretical biophysics framework integrating virophysics and advanced PDE analysis to model damped viral phonon dynamics under multiplicative noise. Our approach accommodates unbounded viral lattices by lifting a non self adjoint single lattice operator (assumed m sectorial or maximally dissipative) with external forcing or operator valued noise into a second quantized setting on bosonic or fermionic Fock spaces. This many lattice evolution is governed by a non unitary semigroup admitting both equilibrium and non equilibrium steady states, enabling flux and cycle analyses when detailed balance is broken. Extending the PDE layer with multiplicative noise preserves m sectorial structure, crucial for capturing resource limited and stochastic viral behavior. <br>We propose two additional axioms to formalize observed phenomena. First, the Axiom of Non Equilibrium Flux Persistence asserts that sustained energy input generates persistent probability current loops in state space, revealing topological obstructions to detailed balance. Second, the Axiom of Stochastic Continuity of Lattice Evolution stipulates that m sectorial PDEs with operator valued noise remain well posed and capture subcellular variability. These axioms emphasize a cohomological perspective on flux loops, highlighting resource driven irreversibility and the capacity for viral capsids to reconfigure at steady state. <br>We provide a step by step derivation of the non self adjoint operator constructions, prove well posedness via the Lumer Phillips and Hille Yosida theorems, and unify Markov jumps, replication annihilation events, and PDEs with complex damping in a single framework. The resulting theory offers a rigorous description of viral lattice dynamics far from equilibrium, clarifies the topological nature of persistent capsid rearrangements. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item16'>[16]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12319" title="Abstract" id="2502.12319"> arXiv:2502.12319 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12319" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12319" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12319">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12319v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12319" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12319" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12319" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12319" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12319">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Enhancing Stellarator Accessibility through Port Size Optimization </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baillod,+A">A. Baillod</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Paul,+E+J">E. J. Paul</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Elder,+T">T. Elder</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Halpern,+J+M">J. M. Halpern</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 41 pages, 18 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Access to the plasma chamber in a stellarator reactor is essential for maintenance and diagnostics. However, the complex geometry of stellarator coils, often characterized by their strong twisting, can severely limit the space available for access ports. This study introduces a novel optimization approach in which access ports are represented as closed curves on the plasma boundary. By carefully selecting a set of objectives and penalties related to the access port, we demonstrate the first stellarator coil optimization explicitly targeting improved access port size. The trade-off between magnetic field quality and port size is analyzed through the Pareto front of their respective objectives. The optimal location of a port is explained using a current potential approach. Finally, we show that additional shaping coils, such as windowpane coils, can enable the crossing of the Pareto front to achieve superior configurations. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item17'>[17]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12327" title="Abstract" id="2502.12327"> arXiv:2502.12327 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12327" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12327" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12327">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12327v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12327" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12327" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12327" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12327" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12327">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Learning Plasma Dynamics and Robust Rampdown Trajectories with Predict-First Experiments at TCV </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+A+M">Allen M. Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pau,+A">Alessandro Pau</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rea,+C">Cristina Rea</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=So,+O">Oswin So</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dawson,+C">Charles Dawson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sauter,+O">Olivier Sauter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boyer,+M+D">Mark D. Boyer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vu,+A">Anna Vu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Galperti,+C">Cristian Galperti</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fan,+C">Chuchu Fan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Merle,+A">Antoine Merle</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Poels,+Y">Yoeri Poels</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Venturini,+C">Cristina Venturini</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marchioni,+S">Stefano Marchioni</a>, the <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=TCV+Team">TCV Team</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)</span>; Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Systems and Control (eess.SY) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The rampdown in tokamak operations is a difficult to simulate phase during which the plasma is often pushed towards multiple instability limits. To address this challenge, and reduce the risk of disrupting operations, we leverage recent advances in Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) to develop a neural state-space model (NSSM) that predicts plasma dynamics during Tokamak 脿 Configuration Variable (TCV) rampdowns. By integrating simple physics structure and data-driven models, the NSSM efficiently learns plasma dynamics during the rampdown from a modest dataset of 311 pulses with only five pulses in the reactor relevant high performance regime. The NSSM is parallelized across uncertainties, and reinforcement learning (RL) is applied to design trajectories that avoid multiple instability limits with high probability. Experiments at TCV ramping down high performance plasmas show statistically significant improvements in current and energy at plasma termination, with improvements in speed through continuous re-training. A predict-first experiment, increasing plasma current by 20\% from baseline, demonstrates the NSSM's ability to make small extrapolations with sufficient accuracy to design trajectories that successfully terminate the pulse. The developed approach paves the way for designing tokamak controls with robustness to considerable uncertainty, and demonstrates the relevance of the SciML approach to learning plasma dynamics for rapidly developing robust trajectories and controls during the incremental campaigns of upcoming burning plasma tokamaks. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item18'>[18]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12349" title="Abstract" id="2502.12349"> arXiv:2502.12349 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12349" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12349" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12349">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12349v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12349" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12349" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12349" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12349" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12349">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantitative diagnosis of amyloid without Congo red staining using polarized light microscopy </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lailey,+O">Owen Lailey</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alais,+M+A">Maria Agustina Alais</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+L">Liuhe Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chahal,+P">Pinki Chahal</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cory,+D+G">David G. Cory</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Khoo,+T">Timothy Khoo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Olkhov-Mitsel,+E">Ekaterina Olkhov-Mitsel</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sarenac,+D">Dusan Sarenac</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pushin,+D+A">Dmitry A. Pushin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mirkovic,+J">Jelena Mirkovic</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Amyloidosis is a protein misfolding disease caused by the deposition of large, insoluble aggregates (amyloid fibrils) of protein in a tissue, which has been associated with various conditions, such as lymphoid disorders, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, chronic inflammatory processes, and cancers. Amyloid fibrils are commonly diagnosed by qualitative observation of green birefringence from Congo red stained biopsy tissue samples under polarized light, a technique that is limited by lack of specificity, dependence on subjective interpretation, and technical constraints. Studies emphasize the utility of quantitative polarized light microscopy (PLM) methodology to diagnose amyloid fibrils in Congo red stained tissues. However, while Congo red enhances the intrinsic birefringence of amyloid fibrillar structures, there are significant disadvantages such as the appearance of multiple non-green colors under polarized light and binding to other structures, which may result in misdiagnoses with Congo red dye and inconclusive explanations. In this work, we present an improved PLM methodology for quantitative detection of amyloid fibrils without requiring Congo red staining. We perform PLM measurements on four tissues: abdominal subcutaneous tissue biopsy, duodenal biopsy, thyroid biopsy, and breast biopsy, both with Congo red stain and H\&E stain, and through Fourier analysis quantify birefringence, birefringent axis orientation, dichroism, optical activity, and relative amyloid density. These results emphasize a quantitative analysis for amyloid diagnosis rooted in Fourier signal harmonics that does not require Congo red dye and paves the way for rapid, simple, and accurate diagnosis of amyloid fibrils. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item19'>[19]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12364" title="Abstract" id="2502.12364"> arXiv:2502.12364 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12364" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12364" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12364">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12364v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12364" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12364" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12364" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12364" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12364">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Many-body theory and Gaussian-basis implementation of positron annihilation $纬$-ray spectra on polyatomic molecules </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gregg,+S+K">S. K. Gregg</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cassidy,+J+P">J. P. Cassidy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Swann,+A+R">A. R. Swann</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hofierka,+J">J. Hofierka</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cunningham,+B">B. Cunningham</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Green,+D+G">D. G. Green</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span>; Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus); Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Doppler-broadened $\gamma$-ray spectra for positron annihilation on molecules are calculated using many-body theory. By employing Gaussian bases for the electron and positron wavefunctions, a computable expression that involves a four-centre integral over the two-annihilation-photon momenta is derived for the $\gamma$ spectra in the independent particle model approximation to the annihilation vertex, and implemented in the open-source {\tt EXCITON+} code. The influence of electron-positron correlations on the $\gamma$ spectra is examined through \textit{ab initio} treatment of the positron wavefunction, whilst corrections to the annihilation vertex are treated approximately via enhancement factors previously calculated [D. G. Green and G. F. Gribakin, Phys.~Rev.~Lett.~{\bf 114}, 093201 (2015)] exactly for atoms. Calculated $\gamma$ spectra for furan and acetonitrile are presented for annihilation from the positron bound state with electrons of individual molecular orbitals. For such annihilation from the positron-molecule bound state, it is found that the magnitude of the partial contribution to the $\gamma$ spectra from individual molecular orbitals depends not just on the orbital energies, but also on the molecular symmetry, more precisely the relative localisation of the positron and electron densities. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item20'>[20]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12369" title="Abstract" id="2502.12369"> arXiv:2502.12369 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12369" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12369" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12369">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12369v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12369" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12369" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12369" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12369" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12369">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> An a posteriori data-driven method for phase-averaged </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amico,+E">Enrico Amico</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Montagner,+S">Sara Montagner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Serpieri,+J">Jacopo Serpieri</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cafiero,+G">Gioacchino Cafiero</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Phase-averaging is a fundamental approach for investigating periodic and non-stationary phenomena. In fluid dynamics, these can be generated by rotating blades such as propellers/turbines or by pulsed jets. Traditional phase-averaging approaches often rely on synchronized data acquisition systems, which might require high-speed cameras, light sources, and precise delay generators and encoders, making them expensive and sometimes unfeasible. This work proposes an a posteriori data-driven approach that reconstructs phase information from randomly acquired uncorrelated photographic frames (snapshots) using the ISOMAP algorithm. The technique enables accurate reordering of snapshots in the phase space and subsequent computation of the phase-averaged flow field without the need for synchronization. The framework was validated through numerical simulations and experimental fluid dynamics datasets from an optical setup featuring single- and multi-propeller configurations. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively captures the periodic flow characteristics while addressing the challenges related to synchronization and hardware limitations. Furthermore, the ability to apply this technique to archival datasets extends its applicability to a wide range of experimental fluid dynamics studies. This approach provides a scalable and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods for the analysis of periodic phenomena. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item21'>[21]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12385" title="Abstract" id="2502.12385"> arXiv:2502.12385 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12385" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12385" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12385">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12385v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12385" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12385" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12385" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12385" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12385">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Programmable photonic waveguide arrays: opportunities and challenges </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yang,+Y">Yang Yang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Youssry,+A">Akram Youssry</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Peruzzo,+A">Alberto Peruzzo</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span>; Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The field of programmable photonics has advanced significantly in recent decades, driven by the rising demand for complex applications, such as optical quantum computing and photonic neural networks. However, as the complexity of these applications increases, there is an increasing need for novel designs that enhance circuit transmission and enable further miniaturization. Photonic waveguide arrays (WAs) hold a unique position in integrated photonics, as they implement ``always-on'' Hamiltonians and have no direct analogs in free-space optics. They find applications in various fields, including light propagation studies, quantum walks, and topological photonics. Despite their versatility, the lack of reconfigurability has limited their utility and hindered further advancements for a long time. Recently, programmable waveguide arrays (PWAs) have emerged as a promising solution for overcoming the limitations of static WAs and PWA-based architectures have been proven to be universal. This perspective proposes a vision for photonic circuits based on PWAs as a new, interdisciplinary field. We review the history of the development of PWAs and outline their potential in areas such as simulation, communication, sensing, and classical and quantum information processing. This technology is expected to become increasingly feasible with advancements in programmable photonics, nanofabrication, and quantum control. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item22'>[22]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12387" title="Abstract" id="2502.12387"> arXiv:2502.12387 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12387" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12387" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12387">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12387v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12387" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12387" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12387" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12387" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12387">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Angular Resolution of Electrons in Gaseous Targets </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ghrear,+M">Majd Ghrear</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vahsen,+S+E">Sven E. Vahsen</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span>; High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Low-energy electron recoils are of interest in several planned and proposed future nuclear and particle physics experiments. The topology and directions of such recoils provide important particle identification and kinematical constraints, and are experimentally accessible in gaseous targets. Electron recoils have complex trajectories, and the angular resolution that can be achieved has not been well understood. We have developed a method for estimating and optimizing this angular resolution, considering contributions from both multiple scattering and detection. First, we clarify that the formula commonly used for multiple scattering through small angles is actually a fit to Moliere theory for heavy particles. We revise this formula so that it is applicable to electrons in gas. Next, we combine this with an effective point resolution contribution, which accounts for diffusion and detector effects, to obtain an approximation for the angular resolution. We identify the optimal fit length and the corresponding optimal angular resolution. The result is a simple formula to estimate the best achievable angular resolution for electrons in gaseous detectors, given the electron energy and basic gas and detector properties. Our model's predictions show good agreement with simulations. This approach can assist in the design of future experiments and the development of analysis techniques. Given the widespread use of gaseous detectors, this work is relevant to many scientific communities. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item23'>[23]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12396" title="Abstract" id="2502.12396"> arXiv:2502.12396 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12396" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12396" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12396">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12396v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12396" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12396" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12396" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12396" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12396">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Scientific Machine Learning of Flow Resistance Using Universal Shallow Water Equations with Differentiable Programming </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu,+X">Xiaofeng Liu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song,+Y">Yalan Song</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE); Machine Learning (cs.LG) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Shallow water equations (SWEs) are the backbone of most hydrodynamics models for flood prediction, river engineering, and many other water resources applications. The estimation of flow resistance, i.e., the Manning's roughness coefficient $n$, is crucial for ensuring model accuracy, and has been previously determined using empirical formulas or tables. To better account for temporal and spatial variability in channel roughness, inverse modeling of $n$ using observed flow data is more reliable and adaptable; however, it is challenging when using traditional SWE solvers. Based on the concept of universal differential equation (UDE), which combines physics-based differential equations with neural networks (NNs), we developed a universal SWEs (USWEs) solver, Hydrograd, for hybrid hydrodynamics modeling. It can do accurate forward simulations, support automatic differentiation (AD) for gradient-based sensitivity analysis and parameter inversion, and perform scientific machine learning for physics discovery. In this work, we first validated the accuracy of its forward modeling, then applied a real-world case to demonstrate the ability of USWEs to capture model sensitivity (gradients) and perform inverse modeling of Manning's $n$. Furthermore, we used a NN to learn a universal relationship between $n$, hydraulic parameters, and flow in a real river channel. Unlike inverse modeling using surrogate models, Hydrograd uses a two-dimensional SWEs solver as its physics backbone, which eliminates the need for data-intensive pretraining and resolves the generalization problem when applied to out-of-sample scenarios. This differentiable modeling approach, with seamless integration with NNs, provides a new pathway for solving complex inverse problems and discovering new physics in hydrodynamics. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item24'>[24]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12422" title="Abstract" id="2502.12422"> arXiv:2502.12422 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12422" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12422" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12422">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12422" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12422" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12422">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Peak current reduction in presence of RF phase modulation in the dual RF system </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jiang,+B">Bocheng Jiang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+Y">Yao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tsai,+C">Cheng-Ying Tsai</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> High harmonic cavities are widely used in electron storage rings to lengthen the bunch, thereby enhancing the Touschek lifetime, reducing the IBS effect, as well as providing Landau damping. When the RF phase is modulated in such a dual-RF system, simulations reveal that the peak current can be further reduced. This paper presents the simulation results and explains the underlying mechanism. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item25'>[25]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12440" title="Abstract" id="2502.12440"> arXiv:2502.12440 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12440" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12440" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12440">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12440v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12440" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12440" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12440" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12440" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12440">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Simulated Bifurcation with High-dimensional Expansion for Traffic Signal Optimization on Real-world Networks </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhao,+S">Shengda Zhao</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu,+Z">Zhekun Liu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+J">Jiaxin Yu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ju,+B">Bocheng Ju</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+L">Liang Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+X">Xiaodong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+X">Xinghua Zhang</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> With accelerating urbanization and worsening traffic congestion, optimizing traffic signal systems to improve road throughput and alleviate congestion has become a critical issue. This study proposes a short-term traffic prediction model based on real-world road topologies and a typical four-way, eight-phase traffic signal control scheme. The model accounts for traffic flow disparities across directions and signal phase change frequencies, integrating these factors into an optimization objective for global traffic optimization. The structure of this objective function is similar to spin-glass systems in statistical physics. A Simulated Bifurcation optimization algorithm is introduced, with traditional simulated annealing as a benchmark. The results show that Simulated Bifurcation outperforms simulated annealing in both efficiency and effectiveness. Using real traffic flow and road network data from Beijing, we initialized the model and conducted numerical optimization experiments. The results indicate that Simulated Bifurcation significantly outperforms simulated annealing in computational efficiency, effectively solving combinatorial optimization problems with multiple spin interactions, and reducing the time complexity to $O(N^{1.35})$. This solution addresses the NP-hard problem of global traffic signal optimization. Importantly, the signal phase patterns generated by Simulated Bifurcation align with the operational requirements of real traffic signal systems, showcasing its potential in optimizing signal control for large, complex urban traffic networks. This work provides solid theoretical and practical foundations for future urban traffic management and intelligent transportation systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item26'>[26]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12480" title="Abstract" id="2502.12480"> arXiv:2502.12480 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12480" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12480" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12480">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12480" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12480" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12480">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Gigahertz- and mmWave-repetition-rate soliton microcombs on X-cut lithium niobate </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song,+Y">Yunxiang Song</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu,+X">Xinrui Zhu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zuo,+X">Xiangying Zuo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang,+G">Guanhao Huang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Loncar,+M">Marko Loncar</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Soliton microcombs are a cornerstone of integrated frequency comb technologies, with applications spanning photonic computing, ranging, microwave synthesis, optical communications, and quantum light generation. In nearly all such applications, electro-optic (EO) components play a critical role in generating, monitoring, stabilizing, and modulating the solitons. Towards building photonic integrated circuits for next-generation applications, that will simultaneously maximize system performance and minimize size, weight, and power consumption metrics, achieving soliton microcombs and efficient EO modulation on a chip is essential. X-cut thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a leading photonic platform for the realization of high-performance integrated EO devices and systems. However, despite extensive research, soliton microcombs have remained elusive to X-cut TFLN due to its multiple strong Raman-active modes, in-plane refractive index anisotropy, and photorefractive effects. Here, we address this long-standing challenge and demonstrate versatile soliton microcombs on X-cut TFLN, with repetition-rates spanning from the gigahertz (~26 GHz) up to the millimeter-wave (~0.156 THz) regime. Our finding broadly advances both the fundamental science and practical applications of integrated comb sources by enabling efficient EO modulation and broadband coherent solitons to be monolithically combined on the same chip. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item27'>[27]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12578" title="Abstract" id="2502.12578"> arXiv:2502.12578 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12578" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12578" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12578">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12578" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12578" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12578">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Seismological study of meta-instability of the Yangbi $M_S$ 6.4 earthquake in 2021 </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li,+S">Shouyong Li</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)</span>; Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Meta-instability is an irreversible precursor of earthquakes. To identify the meta-instability precursor of the Yangbi $M_S$ 6.4 earthquake ($99.87^{\circ}\mathrm{E}$, $25.67^{\circ}\mathrm{N}$)that occurred on May 21, 2021, we selected seismic data from the pre-earthquake period between 1 and 21 May. We then calculated the apparent wave velocity ratio and the apparent Poisson\text{'}s ratio within the region of $98.5^{\circ} \mathrm{E}-101^{\circ}\mathrm{E}$, $24.6^{\circ}\mathrm{N}-27.1^{\circ}\mathrm{N}$ and interpolated these values. Our findings revealed that the trends of the fitted straight lines at the maximum and minimum points of the gradient divergences of the apparent wave velocity ratio and apparent Poisson\text{'}s ratio fields are consistent with the source mechanism solution for Sections 1 and 2, respectively. Similarly, the trend of the fitted straight lines at the minimum and maximum points of their values is also consistent with the source mechanism solution for Sections 1 and 2. Positive gradient divergence values indicate energy released, whereas negative values suggest energy absorption. The observed stress state matches the experimentally demonstrated meta-instable state. We propose that this method can be a reference for identifying the meta-instability of strike-slip strong earthquakes with a significant number of foreshocks. For seismically active regions, increasing the number of stations with rich data acquisition will facilitate more convenient stress field analysis. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item28'>[28]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12593" title="Abstract" id="2502.12593"> arXiv:2502.12593 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12593" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12593" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12593">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12593" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12593" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12593">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Ratchet-based ion Pumps for fine-tuning of electrochemical reactions </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amichay,+D">Dafna Amichay</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Herman,+A">Alon Herman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Grossman,+E">Eden Grossman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alshochat,+K+S">Keren Shushan Alshochat</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hirsch,+B">Baruch Hirsch</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rosen,+B">Brian Rosen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Segev,+G">Gideon Segev</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Precise control of electrochemical reactions can greatly enhance the performance of electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. However, electrochemical reactions are extremely sensitive to the physical and chemical environment. Thus, controlling the electrolyte ionic composition and the electrochemical potential of specific ions in the vicinity of the electrodes can enhance their selectivity towards the desired products and modify the overpotential of redox reactions. Here, we show that ion pumps based on a ratcheting mechanism can be used to tune the overpotentials of electrochemical reactions. Flashing ratchets are devices that utilize the temporal modulation of a spatially asymmetric electric field to drive a non-zero time-averaged current. We have recently demonstrated experimentally first-of-their-kind ratchet-based ion pumps (RBIPs). Since the ion pumping modifies the electrochemical potential of ions, and redox reaction rates are determined by the electrochemical potential, ratchet-based ion pumping provides an additional degree of freedom in tuning electrochemical reaction rates and overpotentials. RBIPs were fabricated by coating the two surfaces of nano-porous alumina wafers with gold, forming nano-porous capacitors. The electric field within the nano-pores was modulated by oscillating the capacitor voltage. When immersed in solution, ions within the pores experienced a modulating electric field, resulting in ratchet-based ion pumping. The RBIP was placed as a membrane between two Pt electrodes immersed in solution. The application of an input signal to the ratchet was shown to accelerate or inhibit redox reactions on the surface of the Pt electrodes according to the ratchet input signal properties. Ion pumping may allow tuning of the electrolyte content at the vicinity of the electrodes, thus providing another degree of freedom for the electrochemical process. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item29'>[29]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12597" title="Abstract" id="2502.12597"> arXiv:2502.12597 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12597" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12597" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12597">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12597" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12597" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12597">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Harmonics-assisted optical phase amplification with a self-mixing thin-slice Nd:GdVO4 laser operating in the self-induced skew cosh Gaussian mode </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Otsuka,+K">Kenju Otsuka</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sudo,+S">Seiichi Sudo</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 9 pages, 13 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Harmonic-assisted phase amplification was achieved in a 300-micrometer-thick Nd:GdVO4 laser in the self-mixing interference scheme. The key event is the self-induced skew cosh Gaussian (e.g., skew-chG) mode oscillation in a thin-slice solid-state laser with wide-aperture laser-diode pumping. The skew-chG mode was proved to be formed by the phase-locking of nearly frequency-degenerate TEM00 and annular fields. The resultant modal-interference-induced gain modulation at the beat frequency between the two modal fields, which is far above the relaxation oscillation frequency, increased experimental self-mixing modulation bandwidth accordingly. Fifty-fold phase amplification was achieved in a strong optical feedback regime. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item30'>[30]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12620" title="Abstract" id="2502.12620"> arXiv:2502.12620 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12620" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12620" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12620">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12620v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12620" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12620" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12620" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12620" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12620">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> An unstructured block-based adaptive mesh refinement approach for explicit discontinuous Galerkin method </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu,+Y">Yun-Long Liu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+A">A-Man Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Konga,+Q">Qi Konga</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chena,+L">Lewen Chena</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Haoa,+Q">Qihang Haoa</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cao,+Y">Yuan Cao</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> In the present paper, we present an adaptive mesh refinement(AMR) approach designed for the discontinuous Galerkin method for conservation laws. The block-based AMR is adopted to ensure the local data structure simplicity and the efficiency, while the unstructured topology of the initial blocks is supported by the forest concept such that the complex geometry of the computational domain can be easily treated. The inter-block communication through guardcells is introduced to avoid the direct treatment of flux computing between cells at different refinement levels. The sharp corners and creases generated during direct refinement can be avoided by projecting the boundary nodes to either the user-defined boundary surface function or the auto-generated NURBs. High-level MPI parallelization is implemented with dynamic load balancing through a space curve filling procedure. Some test cases are presented. As a result, ideal accuracy order and versatility in tracing and controlling the dynamic refinement are observed. Also, good parallelization efficiency is demonstrated. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item31'>[31]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12653" title="Abstract" id="2502.12653"> arXiv:2502.12653 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12653" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12653" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12653">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12653" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12653" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12653">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Extending the Width of Short Aperture Data by Data-Driven Extrapolation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schuster,+G">Gerard Schuster</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li,+J">Jing Li</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 6 pages; 5 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> It is commonly believed that it is infeasible to estimate the phase velocity of a surface wave with a recording aperture less than $\lambda/2$ in length, where $\lambda$ is the horizontal wavelength of the propagating wave. We show both theoretically and computationally that the width of the recording aperture can be extended using the recorded data at longer time intervals. This leads to more reliable estimates of apparent velocities for both body waves and surface waves. Here, we assume single-mode plane waves sweeping across the recording array with a linear moveout. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item32'>[32]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12699" title="Abstract" id="2502.12699"> arXiv:2502.12699 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12699" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12699" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12699">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12699" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12699" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12699">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> The evolution of nanoparticles due to Brownian coagulation in the temporal mixing layer with AK-iDNS over a long time </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pan,+K">Kejun Pan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xie,+M">Mingliang Xie</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In this article, the evolution of nanoparticles in a two-dimensional temporal mixing layer over a long time is investigated. the flow field is calculated with direct numerical simulation (DNS), while the particle field is simulated using the average kernel method coupled with iterative direct numerical simulation (AK-iDNS). Under moderate Reynolds number, the flow field undergoes processes of vortex emergence, entrainment, rolling and pairing, merging, and dissipation. Due to the small Stokes number of nanoparticles, and the particles moves closely following the flow field. Meanwhile, the particle undergoes coagulation under the influence of Brownian motion. This article discusses the evolution nanoparticle under the combined effect of advection, diffusion and coagulation. Under the influence of vortices or large-scale coherent structures, the spatial distribution of particle moments is similar to the structure of the flow field. And diffusion and coagulation have a significant impact on the amplitude of the distribution of particle moments. However, diffusion has little impact on the mean distribution, while coagulation has a much greater impact on the mean distribution. As the flow field evolves, the temporal mixing layer degenerates into Couette flow. The particles exhibit similar asymptotic behavior as that of 0-dimensional problem. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item33'>[33]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12703" title="Abstract" id="2502.12703"> arXiv:2502.12703 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12703" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12703" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12703">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12703v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12703" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12703" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12703" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12703" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12703">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Cavity-enhanced spectroscopy in the deep cryogenic regime -- new hydrogen technologies for quantum sensing </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stankiewicz,+K">Kamil Stankiewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Makowski,+M">Marcin Makowski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=S%C5%82owi%C5%84ski,+M">Micha艂 S艂owi艅ski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=So%C5%82tys,+K+L">Kamil L. So艂tys</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bednarski,+B">Bogdan Bednarski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=J%C3%B3%C5%BAwiak,+H">Hubert J贸藕wiak</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stolarczyk,+N">Nikodem Stolarczyk</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Naro%C5%BCnik,+M">Mateusz Naro偶nik</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kierski,+D">Dariusz Kierski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=W%C3%B3jtewicz,+S">Szymon W贸jtewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cygan,+A">Agata Cygan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kowzan,+G">Grzegorz Kowzan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mas%C5%82owski,+P">Piotrz Mas艂owski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piwi%C5%84ski,+M">Mariusz Piwi艅ski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lisak,+D">Daniel Lisak</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wcis%C5%82o,+P">Piotr Wcis艂o</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span>; Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Spectrometers based on high-finesse optical cavities have proven to be powerful tools for applied and fundamental studies. Extending this technology to the deep cryogenic regime is beneficial in many ways: Doppler broadening is reduced, peak absorption is enhanced, the Boltzmann distribution of rotational states is narrowed, all unwanted molecular species disturbing the spectra are frozen out, and dense spectra of complex polyatomic molecules become easier to assign. We demonstrate a cavity-enhanced spectrometer fully operating in the deep cryogenic regime down to 4 K. We solved several technological challenges that allowed us to uniformly cool not only the sample but also the entire cavity, including the mirrors and cavity length actuator, which ensures the thermodynamic equilibrium of a gas sample. Our technology well isolates the cavity from external noise and cryocooler vibrations. This instrument enables a variety of fundamental and practical applications. We demonstrate a few examples based on accurate spectroscopy of cryogenic hydrogen molecules: accurate test of the quantum electrodynamics for molecules; realization of the primary SI standards for temperature, concentration and pressure in the deep cryogenic regime; measurement of the H$_{2}$ phase diagram; and determination of the ortho-para spin isomer conversion rate. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item34'>[34]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12708" title="Abstract" id="2502.12708"> arXiv:2502.12708 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12708" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12708" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12708">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12708v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12708" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12708" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12708" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12708" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12708">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> The Q-AMOEBA (CF) Polarizable Potential </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mauger,+N">Nastasia Mauger</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pl%C3%A9,+T">Thomas Pl茅</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lagard%C3%A8re,+L">Louis Lagard猫re</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huppert,+S">Simon Huppert</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piquemal,+J">Jean-Philip Piquemal</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> We present Q-AMOEBA (CF), an enhanced version of the Q-AMOEBA polarizable model that integrates a geometry-dependent charge flux (CF) term while designed for an explicit treatment of nuclear quantum effects (NQE). The inclusion of CF effects allows matching experimental data for the molecular structure of water in both gas and liquid phases, addressing limitations faced by most force fields. We show that Q-AMOEBA (CF) provides highly accurate results for a wide range of thermodynamical properties of liquid water. Using the computational efficiency of the adaptive Quantum Thermal Bath method, which accounts for NQE at a cost comparable to classical molecular dynamics, we evaluate the robustness and transferability of Q-AMOEBA (CF) by calculating hydration free energies of various ions and organic molecules. Finally, we apply this methodology to the alanine dipeptide and compute the corresponding dihedral angle potential of mean force and hydration free energy. Unexpectedly, the latter quantity displays significant NQE. These results pave the way to a finer understanding of their role in biochemical systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item35'>[35]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12711" title="Abstract" id="2502.12711"> arXiv:2502.12711 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12711" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12711" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12711">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12711" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12711" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12711">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Experimental observation of bulk Fermi arc in single dielectric resonator </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Solodovchenko,+N">N. Solodovchenko</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+F">F. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bochkarev,+M">M. Bochkarev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samusev,+K">K. Samusev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song,+M">M. Song</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bogdanov,+A">A. Bogdanov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Limonov,+M">M. Limonov</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 20 pages, 16 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The bulk Fermi arc is a fundamental non-Hermitian topological feature that connects two exceptional points (EPs), featuring the transition between Hermitian and non-Hermitian worlds. The bulk Fermi arc emerges when losses are introduced into a Hermitian system, causing a Dirac point to split into two EPs, where both the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions coalesce. Although theoretically predicted in various systems, experimental confirmation has been limited to a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab. Here, we present the first experimental observation of a bulk Fermi arc in a single dielectric resonator. Specifically, we consider a ring resonator made of high-refractive index ceramic. The inner radius and height are varied, enabling the observation of a two-sheeted Riemann surface with two EPs connected by a bulk Fermi arc, confirmed through numerical calculations and experimentally measured extinction spectra at GHz frequencies. These results establish dielectric resonators as a powerful platform for investigating non-Hermitian topological physics and open new avenues for designing topologically robust photonic devices and EP-based sensors. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item36'>[36]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12719" title="Abstract" id="2502.12719"> arXiv:2502.12719 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12719" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12719" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12719">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12719v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12719" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12719" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12719" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12719" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12719">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> A Numerical Investigation of Particle Deposition on a Substrate </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nayak,+A+K">A. K. Nayak</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Singh,+A">A. Singh</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mesgarpour,+M">M. Mesgarpour</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shadloo,+M+S">M. S. Shadloo</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The deposition of nanometer-scale particles is of significant interest in various industrial processes. While these particles offer several advantages, their deposition can have detrimental effects, such as reducing the heat transfer efficiency in nanofluid-based battery cooling systems. In this study, we investigated particle deposition around different square substrate configurations as well as experimentally obtained complex porous structure in a two-dimensional setup. The particles modeled as a concentration field using the lattice Boltzmann method, with a given external flow following a parabolic profile. Our results revealed that particle deposition around a substrate increases with higher fluid velocity, greater particle concentration, and higher deposition probability. Additionally, placing multiple number of substrates in the channel resulted in increased deposition on upstream substrates compared to downstream ones. As particle deposition around upstream substrates increases, it eventually obstructs the flow to downstream regions, thereby affecting the overall system performance. The insights gained from this simplified model of particle deposition will play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of deposition processes in complex systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item37'>[37]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12726" title="Abstract" id="2502.12726"> arXiv:2502.12726 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12726" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12726" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12726">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12726" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12726" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12726">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Mechanism of Heteroepitaxial Growth of Boron Carbide on the Si-Face of 4H-SiC </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benamra,+Y">Yamina Benamra</a> (LMI), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Auvray,+L">Laurent Auvray</a> (LMI), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Andrieux,+J">J茅r么me Andrieux</a> (LMI), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cauwet,+F">Fran莽ois Cauwet</a> (LMI), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gutierrez,+M">Marina Gutierrez</a> (UCA), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lloret,+F">Fernando Lloret</a> (UCA), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Araujo,+D">Daniel Araujo</a> (UCA), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bachelet,+R">Romain Bachelet</a> (INL - MFN), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Canut,+B">Bruno Canut</a> (INL - MFN), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferro,+G">Gabriel Ferro</a> (LMI)</div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Crystal Growth & Design, 2025 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Heteroepitaxial boron carbide (BxC) can be grown on Si face 4H-SiC(0001) using a two-step process involving substrate boridation at 1200$^\circ$C under BCl3 + H2 followed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth step at 1600$^\circ$C by adding C3H8 precursor. However, in-depth investigation of the early growth stages revealed that complex reactions occur before starting the CVD at high temperature. Indeed, after boridation, the 35 nm BxC buffer layer is covered by an amorphous B-containing layer which evolves and reacts during the temperature ramp up between 1200 to 1600$^\circ$C. Despite the formation of new phases (Si, SiB6), which could be explained by significant solid-state diffusion of Si, C and B elements through the thin BxC layer, the CVD epitaxial re-growth upon reaching 1600$^\circ$C does not seems to be affected by these phases. The resulting single crystalline BxC layers display the epitaxial relationships [1010]BxC(0001)||[1010]4H-SiC(0001). The layers exhibit a B4C composition, e.g. the highest possible C content for the BxC solid solution. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item38'>[38]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12740" title="Abstract" id="2502.12740"> arXiv:2502.12740 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12740" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12740" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12740">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12740v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12740" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12740" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12740" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12740" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12740">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> IPSR Model: Misinformation Intervention through Prebunking in Social Networks </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rai,+R">Robert Rai</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sharma,+R">Rajesh Sharma</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Meena,+C">Chandrakala Meena</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 11 pages, 8 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> In the present digital world, the rapid spread of misinformation is not just an annoyance but a real threat to public safety, and our collective decision-making. Prebunking, a type of psychological immunization, can educate people about misinformation and lay a foundation of cognitive resilience that makes them more robust against future misinformation. We use a compartmental modeling approach inspired by vaccination models from epidemiology to model the effectiveness of prebunking misinformation. Populations are classified into different compartments based on the exposure to prebunking and the propagation of misinformation through online social networks. Specific rates dictate the transitions between such states, similar to how people traverse between susceptible, infected, and recovered compartments in classical epidemiological models. This model integrates different levels of prebunking potency, the fraction of the population prebunked initially, and the forgetting rate effects. To the best of our knowledge this is the first work which study the extent of prebunking interventions to reduce the scale of misinformation, much as vaccinations curtail the spread of infectious diseases. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item39'>[39]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12775" title="Abstract" id="2502.12775"> arXiv:2502.12775 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12775" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12775" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12775">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12775v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12775" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12775" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12775" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12775" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12775">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Monotone conservative strategies in data assimilation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Woodfield,+J">James Woodfield</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.11172" data-arxiv-id="2411.11172" class="link-https">arXiv:2411.11172</a> </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> This paper studies whether numerically preserving monotonic properties can offer modelling advantages in data assimilation, particularly when the signal or data is a realization of a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) or partial differential equation (PDE) with a monotonic property. We investigate the combination of stochastic Strong Stability Preserving (SSP) time-stepping, nonlinear solving strategies and data assimilation. Experimental results indicate that a particle filter whose ensemble members are solved monotonically can increase forecast skill when the reference data (not necessarily observations) also has a monotone property. Additionally, more advanced techniques used to avoid the degeneracy of the filter (tempering-jittering) are shown to be compatible with a conservative monotone approach. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item40'>[40]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12785" title="Abstract" id="2502.12785"> arXiv:2502.12785 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12785" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12785" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12785">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12785v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12785" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12785" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12785" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12785" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12785">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> An Adaptive Model Order Reduction Approach for the Finite Element Method in Time Domain in Electromagnetics </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Medeiros,+R">Ruth Medeiros</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+la+Rubia,+V">Valent铆n de la Rubia</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Time domain simulations are crucial for analyzing transient behavior and broadband responses in electromagnetic problems. However, conventional numerical methods such as finite element method in time domain (FEMTD) and finite difference time domain, can be computationally demanding due to their high-dimensional nature, making large-scale simulations impractical for design optimization and real-time analysis. <br>This paper introduces TA-ROMTD, a time-adaptive reduced order model (ROM) for FEMTD simulations that significantly reduces computational costs while maintaining accuracy. The method alternates between FEMTD and a reduced order model in time domain (ROMTD), using an error estimator to detect when the ROMTD solution loses accuracy and switching back to FEMTD to update the ROM with new data. Thus, TA-ROMTD does not require prior knowledge of the problem, as the ROM is constructed on the fly using FEMTD data. A key feature of this approach is the use of a coarse time step during FEMTD time intervals, capturing essential system dynamics while minimizing computational overhead. By reducing the number of degrees of freedom, this method enables efficient electromagnetic simulations, making it a powerful tool for antenna and microwave circuit design. <br>The efficiency of the TA-ROMTD strategy is demonstrated through numerical examples, including an antipodal Vivaldi antenna, a dielectric resonator antenna, a fully metallic dual-polarization frequency selective surface, and a mushroom-type electromagnetic bandgap structure. These cases show the capability of the proposed approach to achieve accurate solutions while significantly reducing the computation time from tens of hours to minutes. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item41'>[41]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12792" title="Abstract" id="2502.12792"> arXiv:2502.12792 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12792" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12792" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12792">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12792v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12792" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12792" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12792" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12792" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12792">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Finger properties in bounded double diffusive finger convection </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rosenthal,+A">A. Rosenthal</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tilgner,+A">A. Tilgner</a></div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Physics of Fluids vol. 37 number 2 page 027157 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> We analyze experimental data on double diffusive convection in an electrochemical cell in the finger regime. All fingers in the experiments are bounded on at least one end by a solid wall. The properties of these fingers are compared with those of fingers in other experiments which are surrounded by fluid on all sides. The compositional boundary layers are found to be thinner than the finger width. The finger thickness agrees well with half the wavelength of the fastest growing mode obtained in linear stability analysis. The ion transport through the boundary layers is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with unbounded fingers. The overturning layers in staircases contribute negligibly to salinity mixing because of efficient transport between finger layers and convection rolls. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item42'>[42]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12832" title="Abstract" id="2502.12832"> arXiv:2502.12832 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12832" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12832" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12832">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12832v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12832" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12832" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12832" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12832" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12832">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Highly charged isomeric qubits from antiproton annihilation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alfaro,+S">Sara Alfaro</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Panzl,+L">Lorenz Panzl</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zieli%C5%84ski,+J">Jakub Zieli艅ski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Choudapurkar,+S">Sankarshan Choudapurkar</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gustafsson,+F+P">Fredrik Parnefjord Gustafsson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Germann,+M">Matthias Germann</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Faorlin,+T">Tommaso Faorlin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Weiser,+Y">Yannick Weiser</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lafenthaler,+T">Thomas Lafenthaler</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Monz,+T">Thomas Monz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Doser,+M">Michael Doser</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kornakov,+G">Georgy Kornakov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cerchiari,+G">Giovanni Cerchiari</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 11 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span>; High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We describe how the annihilation of antiprotons can be utilized to generate highly charged synthetic qubits in an ion-trap setup. We identify the qubit transitions in the hyperfine splitting of Hydrogen-like atoms composed of an isomer and a single electron in the ground state. We identify promising candidates in the isomers of Y, Nb, Rh, In, and Sb, for which the hyperfine transition lies in the infrared and whose excited state level lifetime is in the hundreds of milliseconds, which is suitable for metrology applications. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item43'>[43]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12866" title="Abstract" id="2502.12866"> arXiv:2502.12866 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12866" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12866" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12866">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12866v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12866" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12866" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12866" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12866" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12866">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Directional optical parametric amplification in a hyperbolic metamaterial </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gianfrate,+A">Antonio Gianfrate</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Trypogeorgos,+D">Dimitrios Trypogeorgos</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Comaron,+P">Paolo Comaron</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Paszko,+D">Dawid Paszko</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Szyma%C5%84ska,+M">Marzena Szyma艅ska</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=De+Giorgi,+M">Milena De Giorgi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ballarini,+D">Dario Ballarini</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sanvitto,+D">Daniele Sanvitto</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span>; Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Optical parametric amplification (OPA) comprises essentially a nonlinear four-wave mixing process in which a "pump" and a "signal" field give rise to an "idler" field under certain phase-matching conditions. Here we use a photonic crystal waveguide strongly-coupled with an excitonic reservoir to generate this process between different guided modes at optical wavelengths. Differently from classical nonlinear optical crystals, where the pump and idler photons travel almost collinearly, our exciton-polaritons are naturally separated in the waveguide due to their opposite group velocities. Due to the high efficiency of the process we can generate the idler field of the parametric process by pumping with a continuous wave laser and choose its direction of propagation in the waveguide by adjusting the angle of incidence of the seed laser. We show the OPA process to be robust against surface defects of the waveguide and can lead to simple-to-fabricate devices compared to microcavities that take advantage of strong signal-idler correlations in a propagating geometry. Our results closely agree with mean-field numerical simulations. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item44'>[44]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12869" title="Abstract" id="2502.12869"> arXiv:2502.12869 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12869" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12869" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12869">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12869v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12869" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12869" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12869" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12869" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12869">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Automatically setting arbitrary magnitude and phase of Mach-Zehnder interferometers for scalable optical computing </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=di+Tria,+A">Alessandro di Tria</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cavicchioli,+G">Gabriele Cavicchioli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Giannoccaro,+P">Pietro Giannoccaro</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morichetti,+F">Francesco Morichetti</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Melloni,+A">Andrea Melloni</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ferrari,+G">Giorgio Ferrari</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sampietro,+M">Marco Sampietro</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zanetto,+F">Francesco Zanetto</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Main article and supplementary material </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> This paper reports on an automated control strategy to set and stabilize a 2x2 integrated optical gate implemented with a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The control strategy reliably configures the gate in any desired working point without any prior calibration or complex algorithm for the correction of hardware non-idealities. It has been tested on a multistage silicon photonic chip comprising a coherent input vector generator, the 2x2 gate used as matrix-vector multiplier and a coherent receiver for phase measurement. By leveraging the presence of transparent photodiodes in key positions, precise control of light beams in any point of the circuit is obtained, which translates into a resolution in the computation of the matrix-vector product of 7.2 and 8.5 bits for the output power and phase, respectively. High accuracy, robustness against non-idealities and stability over long-term operation, ensured by the feedback-controlled architecture, provide scalability towards optical processors of any size. Additionally, the possibility of using the MZI both as computing gate and phase validation unit avoids propagation of programming errors, solving a significant issue of coherent optical computing architectures. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item45'>[45]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12870" title="Abstract" id="2502.12870"> arXiv:2502.12870 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12870" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12870" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12870">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12870v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12870" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12870" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12870" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12870" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12870">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Transferable Machine Learning Potential X-MACE for Excited States using Integrated DeepSets </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barrett,+R">Rhyan Barrett</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ortner,+C">Christoph Ortner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Westermayr,+J">Julia Westermayr</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Conical intersections serve as critical gateways in photochemical reactions, enabling rapid nonradiative transitions between potential energy surfaces that underpin fundamental processes such as photosynthesis or vision. Their calculation with quantum chemistry is, however, extremely computationally intensive and their modeling with machine learning poses a significant challenge due to their inherently non-smooth and complex nature. To address this challenge, we introduce a deep learning architecture designed to precisely model excited states and improve their accuracy around these critical, non-smooth regions. Our model integrates Deep Sets into the Message Passing Atomic Cluster Expansion (MACE) framework resulting in a smooth representation of the non-smooth excited-state potential energy surfaces. We validate our method using numerous molecules, showcasing a significant improvement in accurately modeling the energy landscape around conical intersections compared to conventional excited-state models. Additionally, we apply ground-state foundational machine learning models as a basis for excited states. By doing so, we showcase that the developed model is capable of transferring not only from the ground state to excited states, but also within chemical space to molecular systems beyond those included in the training dataset. This advancement not only enhances the fidelity of excited-state modeling, but also lays the foundations for the investigation of more complex molecular systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item46'>[46]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12880" title="Abstract" id="2502.12880"> arXiv:2502.12880 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12880" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12880" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12880">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12880v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12880" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12880" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12880" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12880" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12880">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Local pump depletion based angular momentum gain of plasma electrons </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Willim,+C">Camilla Willim</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Silva,+T">Thales Silva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Silva,+L+O">Lu铆s Oliveira Silva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vieira,+J">Jorge Vieira</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Journal of Plasma Physics </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> We present a novel mechanism in which plasma electrons optically acquire angular momentum through local pump depletion. This process is facilitated by an azimuthally polarized laser that lacks angular momentum, yet enables electron rotation through canonical momentum conservation. Through theoretical considerations and one- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that the electrons acquire substantial angular momentum when the ultra-intense ($I \gtrsim 10^{19}$ W/cm$^2$) and ultra-short (tens of femtoseconds) laser pulse excites a nonlinear wakefield in the bubble regime. During this process, the frequency at the laser's leading edge shifts down due to phase modulation. Following the conservation of the wave action, the laser's vector potential develops a long-wavelength offset that trails the main pulse and remains confined within the plasma bubble. This offset facilitates electron rotation of the bubble's sheath currents and the high-energy ($>100$ MeV) self-injected electrons. As the laser pulse front erodes, the long-wavelength offset of the vector potential increases and oscillates, influencing both the magnitude and polarity of the electrons' angular momentum. By varying key laser parameters such as phase, frequency, and polarization, we show how to manipulate and control the transverse momentum space of high-energy electrons. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item47'>[47]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12946" title="Abstract" id="2502.12946"> arXiv:2502.12946 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12946" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12946" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12946">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12946v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12946" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12946" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12946" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12946" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12946">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Fluid Motion Makes the Bottle-Flip Challenge Mechanically Unintuitive But Viable </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morales,+P">Patricio Morales</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ahumada,+V">Victor Ahumada</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gordillo,+L">Leonardo Gordillo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guti%C3%A9rrez,+P">Pablo Guti茅rrez</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 5 pages, 5 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Classical Physics (physics.class-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The bottle-flip challenge -- the upright landing of a partially filled bottle after tossing and flipping it in the air -- unexpectedly became a viral mechanics exercise. Through high-speed visualization, we evidence that fluid content strongly affects the challenge mechanics at every stage. First, fluid motion hinders bottle rotation through water redistribution after release and, later, through jet impact during free flight. Water also attenuates the bounce at touchdown, which is crucial for challenge success. The fluid makes the mechanics unintuitive and yet builds up the challenge feasibility. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item48'>[48]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12955" title="Abstract" id="2502.12955"> arXiv:2502.12955 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12955" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12955" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12955">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12955v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12955" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12955" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12955" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12955" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12955">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> CooLBM: A Collaborative Open-Source Reactive Multi-Phase/Component Simulation Code via Lattice Boltzmann Method </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alamian,+R">R. Alamian</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nayak,+A+K">A. K. Nayak</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shadloo,+M+S">M. S. Shadloo</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The current work presents a novel COllaborative Open-source Lattice Boltzmann Method framework, so-called CooLBM. The computational framework is developed for the simulation of single and multi-component multi-phase problems, along with a reactive interface and conjugate fluid-solid heat transfer problems. CooLBM utilizes a multi-CPU/GPU architecture to achieve high-performance computing (HPC), enabling efficient and parallelized simulations for large scale problems. The code is implemented in C++ and makes extensive use of the Standard Template Library (STL) to improve code modularity, flexibility, and re-usability. The developed framework incorporates advanced numerical methods and algorithms to accurately capture complex fluid dynamics and phase interactions. It offers a wide range of capabilities, including phase separation, interfacial tension, and mass transfer phenomena. The reactive interface simulation module enables the study of chemical reactions occurring at the fluid-fluid interface, expanding its applicability to reactive multi-phase systems. The performance and accuracy of CooLBM are demonstrated through various benchmark simulations, showcasing its ability to capture intricate fluid behaviors and interface dynamics. The modular structure of the code allows for easy customization and extension, facilitating the implementation of additional models and boundary conditions. Finally, CooLBM provides visualization tools for the analysis and interpretation of simulation results. Overall, CooLBM offers an efficient computational framework for studying complex multi-phase systems and reactive interfaces, making it a valuable tool for researchers and engineers in several fields including, but not limited to chemical engineering, materials science, and environmental engineering. CooLBM will be available under open source initiatives for scientific communities. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item49'>[49]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12980" title="Abstract" id="2502.12980"> arXiv:2502.12980 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.12980" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12980" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12980">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12980v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12980" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12980" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12980" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12980" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12980">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantitative, Data-driven Network Model for Global Cascading Financial Failure </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gajewski,+%C5%81+G">艁ukasz G. Gajewski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hinge,+M">Michael Hinge</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Denkenberger,+D">David Denkenberger</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Global catastrophic risk events, such as nuclear war, pose a severe threat to the stability of international financial systems. As evidenced by even less severe scenarios like the Great Recession, an economic failure can propagate through the world trade network, wreaking havoc on the global economy. While the contemporary literature on cascading failure models addresses this issue qualitatively, a simple and intuitive quantitative estimation that could be used in integrated assessment frameworks is missing. In this study, we introduce a quantitative network model of global financial cascading failure. Our proposal is a fast, efficient, single free parameter model, following a straightforward logic of propagating failures. We fit the model to the Great Recession and test it against historical examples and commercial analysis. We also provide predictions for a hypothetical armed conflict between India and Pakistan. Our aim is to introduce a quantitative approach that could inform policy decisions by contextualising global catastrophic scenarios regarding financial losses and assessing the effectiveness of resilience strategies, complementing existing models and frameworks for broader risk assessment. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item50'>[50]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13036" title="Abstract" id="2502.13036"> arXiv:2502.13036 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13036" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13036" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13036">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13036v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13036" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13036" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13036" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13036" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13036">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Recurrence threshold selection for obtaining robust recurrence characteristics in different embedding dimensions </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kraemer,+K+H">K. Hauke Kraemer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Donner,+R+V">Reik V. Donner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Heitzig,+J">Jobst Heitzig</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marwan,+N">Norbert Marwan</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.01605" data-arxiv-id="1802.01605" class="link-https">arXiv:1802.01605</a> </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Chaos 28, 085720 (2018) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)</span>; Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The appropriate selection of recurrence thresholds is a key problem in applications of recurrence quantification analysis and related methods across disciplines. Here, we discuss the distribution of pairwise distances between state vectors in the studied system's state space reconstructed by means of time-delay embedding as the key characteristic that should guide the corresponding choice for obtaining an adequate resolution of a recurrence plot. Specifically, we present an empirical description of the distance distribution, focusing on characteristic changes of its shape with increasing embedding dimension. Our results suggest that selecting the recurrence threshold according to a fixed percentile of this distribution reduces the dependence of recurrence characteristics on the embedding dimension in comparison with other commonly used threshold selection methods. Numerical investigations on some paradigmatic model systems with time-dependent parameters support these empirical findings. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item51'>[51]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13041" title="Abstract" id="2502.13041"> arXiv:2502.13041 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13041" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13041" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13041">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13041" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13041" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13041">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> On the Vulnerability of UMOSFETs in Terrestrial Radiation Environments </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alberton,+S+G">Saulo G. Alberton</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=B%C3%B4as,+A+C+V">Alexis C. V. B么as</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wyss,+J">Jeffery Wyss</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aguiar,+V+A+P">Vitor A. P. Aguiar</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pereira,+M+S">Matheus S. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Silvestrin,+L">Luca Silvestrin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mattiazzo,+S">Serena Mattiazzo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Paccagnella,+A">Alessandro Paccagnella</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cazzaniga,+C">Carlo Cazzaniga</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kastriotou,+M">Maria Kastriotou</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Frost,+C">Christopher Frost</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Medina,+N+H">Nilberto H. Medina</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 07 pages, 11 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The vulnerability of prominent silicon-based U-shaped Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (UMOSFET) to destructive radiation effects when operating in terrestrial atmospheric environments is addressed. It is known that secondary particles from nuclear reactions between atmospheric neutrons and the constituent materials of electronic devices can trigger Single-Event Burnout (SEB) destructive failure in power MOSFETs. The susceptibility of UMOSFETs to SEBs induced by atmospheric neutrons in accelerated tests are compared to that of similarly rated traditional Double-diffused MOSFET (DMOSFET) counterparts. Computational simulations are conducted to elucidate failure mechanisms and propose strategies to potentially enhance the survivability of next-generation UMOSFETs in high-reliability power systems operating on Earth. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item52'>[52]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13046" title="Abstract" id="2502.13046"> arXiv:2502.13046 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13046" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13046" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13046">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13046v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13046" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13046" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13046" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13046" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13046">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Rotational quenching of monofluorides in a cryogenic helium bath </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Londo%C3%B1o,+M">Mateo Londo帽o</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=P%C3%A9rez-R%C3%ADos,+J">Jes煤s P茅rez-R铆os</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span>; Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Buffer gas cooling, one of the most relevant direct cooling techniques for cooling molecules, relies on dissipating the energy of the molecule via collisions with a buffer gas. The cooling efficiency hinges on the molecule-atom scattering properties, concretely, on the transport properties. This work presents a global study on the interactions, collision dynamics, and transport properties of monofluoride molecules (X-F), being X a metal, in the presence of a cold He buffer gas. The interactions are calculated using ab initio quantum chemistry methods, and the dynamics is treated fully quantal, assuming the monofluoride molecule is a rigid rotor. The resulting thermalization and rotational quenching rates are analyzed in light of the Born Distorted Wave Approximation (BDWA), yielding an explanation based on the elemental physical properties of the molecule under consideration. Therefore, the analysis of our results reveals the physics behind the rotational quenching of molecules in the presence of a cold buffer gas. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item53'>[53]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13048" title="Abstract" id="2502.13048"> arXiv:2502.13048 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13048" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13048" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13048">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13048v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13048" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13048" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13048" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13048" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13048">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Confined Electromagnetic Waves in Media Composed of Topological Insulators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Filipini,+S">Sebasti谩n Filipini</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> PhD Thesis, in Spanish language </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span>; Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Topological insulators (TIs) are quantum materials combining insulating bulk properties with conductive surface states protected by time-reversal symmetry. Their unique electromagnetic behavior originates from the topological magnetoelectric effect encoded in an axion-like $\theta$-term ($\theta$ = $\pi$ mod 2$\pi$). This $\theta$-electrodynamics modifies Maxwell's equations specifically at material interfaces through altered boundary conditions, preserving conventional bulk electrodynamics while enabling surface-mediated optical effects like polarization rotation and hybrid wave modes. <br>This thesis explores electromagnetic wave confinement in TI-based waveguides. Key advances include: (1) Controlled modification of reactive and dissipated energies through polarization engineering in waveguide geometries; (2) Experimental realization of transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waves violating Earnshaw's theorem via $\theta$ discontinuities in coaxial TI structures, demonstrating unique polarization rotation mechanisms and low-loss propagation through bent fibers; (3) TEM wave confinement with fewer than two conductors using imaginary $\theta$ parameters, explained through self-consistent surface charge dynamics; (4) First-principles identification of hybrid TE-TM modes in TI slab waveguides, contrasting with conventional magnetoelectric material responses. These findings establish how surface boundary condition modifications from $\theta$ enable new electromagnetic solutions despite unchanged bulk equations. <br>The demonstrated phenomena -- including modified propagation modes, non-trivial polarization dynamics, and unconventional confinement -- suggest photonic applications in polarization control and optical routing. By connecting topological electrodynamics with waveguide physics, this work provides both fundamental insights and practical design principles for topological photonic systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item54'>[54]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13057" title="Abstract" id="2502.13057"> arXiv:2502.13057 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13057" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13057" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13057">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13057v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13057" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13057" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13057" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13057" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13057">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Enhancement of Second Harmonic Generation in Monolayer WS2 by Feedback-Based Wavefront Shaping </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Berger,+R">Russell Berger</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mavian,+A">Alex Mavian</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dimitrov,+E">Edgar Dimitrov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+N">Na Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rumman,+N">Nazifa Rumman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bassene,+P">Pascal Bassene</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Terrones,+H">Humberto Terrones</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wertz,+E+A">Esther A. Wertz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Terrones,+M">Mauricio Terrones</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fohtung,+E">Edwin Fohtung</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=N'Gom,+M">Moussa N'Gom</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 19 Pages, 6 Figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Two-dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) are of great interest for second harmonic (SH) generation due to their large second-order susceptibility, atomically thin structure, and relaxed phase-matching conditions. TMDs are also promising candidates for miniaturizing nonlinear optical devices due to their versatile applications in photon manipulation, quantum emission and sensing, and nanophotonic circuits. However, their strong SH response is limited by nanometer-scale light-matter interaction and material impurities. Although there is considerable work towards engineering TMDs for enhancing their nonlinear responses, all-optical methods are still in the exploration stages. In this work, we incorporate, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental demonstrations of feedback-based wavefront shaping (WFS) techniques in atomically thin media to reveal and enhance the weak SH generation of monolayer WS2. Phase tuning of the incident wavefront leads to localized regions of high-intensity fundamental light, increasing the intensity of SH generation by up to an order of magnitude in targeted regions. We enhance the local conversion efficiencies from monolayer WS2 up to 41 times from phase-only modulation. Furthermore, by introducing a shift in the transverse phase structure, we generate observable SH generation at the destructively interfering grain boundaries of polycrystalline monolayers. This method allows for all-optical tuning of TMDs nonlinear responses, opening up possibilities for dynamic signal routing and on-demand enhancement in nanoscale photonic systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item55'>[55]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13070" title="Abstract" id="2502.13070"> arXiv:2502.13070 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13070" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13070" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13070">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13070" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13070" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13070">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Real-time interpretation of neutron vibrational spectra with symmetry-equivariant Hessian matrix prediction </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Han,+B">Bowen Han</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+P">Pei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mehta,+K">Kshitij Mehta</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pasini,+M+L">Massimiliano Lupo Pasini</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li,+M">Mingda Li</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cheng,+Y">Yongqiang Cheng</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span>; Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The vibrational behavior of molecules serves as a crucial fingerprint of their structure, chemical state, and surrounding environment. Neutron vibrational spectroscopy provides comprehensive measurements of vibrational modes without selection rule restrictions. However, analyzing and interpreting the resulting spectra remains a computationally formidable task. Here, we introduce a symmetry-aware neural network that directly predicts Hessian matrices from molecular structures, thereby enabling rapid vibrational spectral reconstruction. Unlike traditional approaches that focus on eigenvalue prediction, the Hessian matrix provides richer, more fundamental information with broader applications and superior extrapolation. This approach also paves the way for predicting other properties, such as reaction pathways. Trained on small molecules, our model achieves spectroscopic-level accuracy, allowing real-time, unambiguous peak assignment. Moreover, it maintains high accuracy for larger molecules, demonstrating strong transferability. This adaptability unlocks new capabilities, including on-the-fly spectral interpretation for future autonomous laboratories, and offers insights into molecular design for targeted chemical pathways. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item56'>[56]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13096" title="Abstract" id="2502.13096"> arXiv:2502.13096 </a> [<a href="/pdf/2502.13096" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13096" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13096">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13096" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13096" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13096">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Validation and demonstration of the AEFC as a practical safeguards tool for inventory verification </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Long,+G">G. Long</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gabrieli,+G">G. Gabrieli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Levy,+I">I. Levy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pesach,+A">A. Pesach</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zilberman,+I">I. Zilberman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ben-Meir,+K">K. Ben-Meir</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ozeri,+O">O. Ozeri</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zilberfarb,+L">L. Zilberfarb</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rivin,+O">O. Rivin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Krakovich,+A">A. Krakovich</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Martinez,+I">I. Martinez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rael,+C">C. Rael</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Watson,+M">M. Watson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Trahan,+A">A. Trahan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ruch,+M+L">M. L. Ruch</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Steinitz,+U">U. Steinitz</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 20 pages, 11 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The Advanced Experimental Fuel Counter (AEFC) is a nondestructive assay (NDA) instrument designed to determine the residual fissile mass in irradiated fuel assemblies for safeguards verification purposes. This is done by actively interrogating an assembly with a neutron source and measuring the total (Singles) and correlated (Doubles) neutron count rates resulting from induced fissions in the irradiated nuclear fuel and relating those rates to the residual fissile mass using calibration curves. Comprehensive NDA measurements of the irradiated fuel inventory at Israeli Research Reactor 1 (IRR-1) were taken with the AEFC to validate a set of previously developed calibration curves. During the campaign, measurements were acquired of 32 standard fuel assemblies and three control assemblies in just nine days. This is a significant majority of the research reactor's irradiated fuel inventory and the largest data set gathered by the AEFC to date. Many of the fuel assemblies measured during the campaign had much shorter cooling times than those assemblies previously measured with the instrument. Calibration curves developed from previous AEFC deployments were used to determine the residual U-235 mass in the measured standard fuel assemblies. The results of the campaign demonstrated that the AEFC can be used to estimate the U-235 mass remaining in a large number of irradiated fuel assemblies with 1%-5% uncertainty in a reasonable amount of time despite operating in a high dose environment. </p> </div> </dd> </dl> <dl id='articles'> <h3>Cross submissions (showing 26 of 26 entries)</h3> <dt> <a name='item57'>[57]</a> <a href ="/abs/2301.04188" title="Abstract" id="2301.04188"> arXiv:2301.04188 </a> (cross-list from astro-ph.IM) [<a href="/pdf/2301.04188" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2301.04188" aria-labelledby="pdf-2301.04188">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2301.04188" title="Other formats" id="oth-2301.04188" aria-labelledby="oth-2301.04188">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Trajectory Based RFI Subtraction and Calibration for Radio Interferometry </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Finlay,+C">Chris Finlay</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bassett,+B+A">Bruce A. Bassett</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kunz,+M">Martin Kunz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Oozeer,+N">Nadeem Oozeer</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 21 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)</span>; Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Radio interferometry calibration and Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) removal are usually done separately. Here we show that jointly modelling the antenna gains and RFI has significant benefits when the RFI follows precise trajectories, such as for satellites. One surprising benefit is improved calibration solutions, by leveraging the RFI signal itself. We present tabascal (TrAjectory BAsed RFI Subtraction and CALibration), a new algorithm that jointly models the RFI and calibration parameters in visibilities. We test tabascal on simulated MeerKAT calibration observations contaminated by satellite-based RFI. We obtain gain estimates that are both unbiased and up to an order of magnitude better constrained compared to uncontaminated data. When combined with an ad hoc RFI subtraction scheme, tabascal solutions can be further applied to an adjacent target observation: 5 minutes of calibration data results in an image with about a third the noise achieved when using flagging alone. The recovered flux distribution of RFI subtracted data was on par with uncontaminated data. In contrast, RFI flagging alone resulted in a higher detection threshold and consistent underestimation of source fluxes. For a mean RFI amplitude of 17 Jy, using RFI subtraction leads to less than 1% loss of data compared to 75% data loss from an ideal $3\sigma$ flagging algorithm, a very significant increase in data available for science analysis. Although we have examined the case of satellite RFI, tabascal should work for any RFI moving on parameterizable trajectories, relative to the phase centre, such as planes and/or objects fixed to the ground. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item58'>[58]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.00106" title="Abstract" id="2502.00106"> arXiv:2502.00106 </a> (cross-list from astro-ph.IM) [<a href="/pdf/2502.00106" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.00106" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.00106">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.00106v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.00106" aria-labelledby="html-2502.00106" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.00106" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.00106" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.00106">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> TABASCAL II: Removing Multi-Satellite Interference from Point-Source Radio Astronomy Observations </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Finlay,+C">Chris Finlay</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bassett,+B+A">Bruce A. Bassett</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kunz,+M">Martin Kunz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Oozeer,+N">Nadeem Oozeer</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 19 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)</span>; Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In the first TABASCAL paper we showed how to calibrate in the presence of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) sources by simultaneously isolating the trajectories and signals of the RFI sources. Here we show that we can accurately remove RFI from simulated MeerKAT radio interferometry target data, for a single frequency channel, corrupted by up to 9 simultaneous satellites with average RFI amplitudes varying from weak to very strong (1 - 1000 Jy). Additionally, TABASCAL also manages to leverage the RFI signal-to-noise to phase calibrate the recovered astronomical signal. TABASCAL effectively performs a suitably phased up fringe filter for each RFI source which allows essentially perfect removal of RFI across all strengths. As a result, TABASCAL reaches image noises equivalent to the uncorrupted, no-RFI, case. Consequently, point-source science with TABASCAL almost matches the no-RFI case with near perfect completeness for all RFI amplitudes. In contrast the completeness of AOFlagger and idealised 3$\sigma$ flagging drops below 40% for strong RFI amplitudes where recovered flux errors are $\sim$10x-100x worse than those from TABASCAL. Finally we highlight that TABASCAL works for both static and varying astronomical sources. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item59'>[59]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.09836" title="Abstract" id="2502.09836"> arXiv:2502.09836 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.quant-gas) [<a href="/pdf/2502.09836" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.09836" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.09836">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.09836v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.09836" aria-labelledby="html-2502.09836" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.09836" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.09836" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.09836">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Atomic Fermi superfluids with tunable pairing interactions under the influence of spin-dependent Rydberg molecular potentials </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Chien,+C">Chih-Chun Chien</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Rittenhouse,+S+T">Seth T. Rittenhouse</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Mistakidis,+S+I">S. I. Mistakidis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Sadeghpour,+H+R">H. R. Sadeghpour</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)</span>; Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We explore the energy spectrum and eigenstates of two-component atomic Fermi superfluids with tunable pairing interactions in the presence of spin-dependent ultra long-range Rydberg molecule (ULRM) potentials, within the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism. The attractive ULRM potentials lead to local density accumulation, while their difference results in a local polarization potential and induces the in-gap Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states whose energies lie below the bulk energy gap. A transition from equal-population to population-imbalance occurs as the pairing strength falls below a critical value, accompanied by the emergence of local Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) like states characterized by out-of-phase wave functions and lower energies compared to the YSR states. The negative contribution emanating from the FFLO-like states also causes a sign change in the gap function within the ULRM potentials. Depending on the Rydberg state generating the ULRM potentials, the transition towards population-imbalance can be on either the BCS or the Bose-Einstein condensation side of the Fermi superfluid. Additionally, spin-polarized bound states arise along with oscillatory ``clumpy states" to compensate for the local density difference. Finally, we discuss possible experimental realizations and measurements of the composite Rydberg atom-Fermi superfluid system. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item60'>[60]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.10032" title="Abstract" id="2502.10032"> arXiv:2502.10032 </a> (cross-list from math.AP) [<a href="/pdf/2502.10032" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.10032" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.10032">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.10032v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.10032" aria-labelledby="html-2502.10032" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.10032" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.10032" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.10032">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Intermittency and Dissipation Regularity in Turbulence </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=De+Rosa,+L">Luigi De Rosa</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Drivas,+T+D">Theodore D. Drivas</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Inversi,+M">Marco Inversi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Isett,+P">Philip Isett</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)</span>; Mathematical Physics (math-ph); Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We lay down a geometric-analytic framework to capture properties of energy dissipation within weak solutions to the incompressible Euler equations. For solutions with spatial Besov regularity, it is proved that the Duchon-Robert distribution has improved regularity in a negative Besov space and, in the case it is a Radon measure, it is absolutely continuous with respect to a suitable Hausdorff measure. This imposes quantitative constraints on the dimension of the, possibly fractal, dissipative set and the admissible structure functions exponents, relating to the phenomenon of "intermittency" in turbulence. As a by-product of the approach, we also recover many known "Onsager singularity" type results. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item61'>[61]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12271" title="Abstract" id="2502.12271"> arXiv:2502.12271 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12271" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12271" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12271">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12271v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12271" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12271" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12271" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12271" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12271">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Energy spectrum of the long-range Lennard-Jones potential </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hod,+S">Shahar Hod</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 6 pages </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> The European Physical Journal Plus 133, 489 (2018) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The discrete energy spectra of composite inverse power-law binding potentials of the form $V(r;\alpha,\beta,n)=-\alpha/r^2+\beta/r^n$ with $n>2$ are studied {\it analytically}. In particular, using a functional matching procedure for the eigenfunctions of the radial Schr枚dinger equation, we derive a remarkably compact analytical formula for the discrete spectra of binding energies $\{E(\alpha,\beta,n;k)\}^{k=\infty}_{k=1}$ which characterize the highly-excited bound-state resonances of these long-range binding potentials. Our results are of practical importance for the physics of polarized molecules, the physics of composite polymers, and also for physical models describing the quantum interactions of bosonic particles. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item62'>[62]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12358" title="Abstract" id="2502.12358"> arXiv:2502.12358 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12358" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12358" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12358">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12358v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12358" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12358" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12358" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12358" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12358">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Wavefront shaping enhanced nano-optomechanics down to the quantum precision limit </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Tavernarakis,+A+G">Alexandros G. Tavernarakis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Guti%C3%A9rrez-Cuevas,+R">Rodrigo Guti茅rrez-Cuevas</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Rondin,+L">Lo茂c Rondin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Antoni,+T">Thomas Antoni</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Popoff,+S+M">S茅bastien M. Popoff</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Verlot,+P">Pierre Verlot</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 supplementary file </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Optics (physics.optics) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We introduce wavefront shaping as a tool for optimizing the sensitivity in nano-optomechanical measurement schemes. We perform multimode output analysis of an optomechanical system consisting of a focused laser beam coupled to the transverse motion of a tapered cantilever, and demonstrate that wavefront shaping enables a 350-fold enhancement of the measurement signal-to-noise (+25.5 dB) compared to standard split-detection, close to the quantum precision limit. Our results open new perspectives in terms of sensitivity and control of the optomechanical interaction. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item63'>[63]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12407" title="Abstract" id="2502.12407"> arXiv:2502.12407 </a> (cross-list from hep-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12407" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12407" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12407">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12407v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12407" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12407" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12407" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12407" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12407">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantum-mechanical numerical model of interaction between dark atom and nucleus of substance </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bikbaev,+T+E">T. E. Bikbaev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Khlopov,+M+Y">M. Yu. Khlopov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Mayorov,+A+G">A. G. Mayorov</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Prepared for Proceedings of 27th Bled Workshop "What comes beyond the Standard models?" </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)</span>; Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The hypothesis of composite $XHe$ dark atoms may provide solution to the long-standing problem of direct searches for dark matter particles. The main problem of the $XHe$ dark atom is its ability to strongly interact with the nucleus of substance, arising from the unshielded nuclear attraction between the helium nucleus and the nucleus of matter. It is assumed that in order to prevent the destruction of the bound structure of dark atom, the effective potential of interaction between $XHe$ and the nucleus of substance must have dipole Coulomb barrier that prevents the fusion of dark matter atom particles with the nucleus of substance. The problem in describing the interaction between dark atom and substance nucleus is the three-body problem, for which an exact analytical solution is not available. Consequently, to assess the physical meaning of the proposed scenario, it is essential to develop a numerical approach. Our approach involves consistently developing an accurate quantum mechanical description of this three-body system, comprising bound dark atom and the external nucleus of substance. We incorporate the necessary effects and interactions to enhance the precision of the results, which helps to elucidate the most significant aspects of the proposed dark atom scenario. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item64'>[64]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12551" title="Abstract" id="2502.12551"> arXiv:2502.12551 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.soft) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12551" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12551" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12551">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12551v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12551" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12551" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12551" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12551" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12551">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Instability of a fluctuating biomimetic membrane driven by an applied uniform DC electric field </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+Z">Zongxin Yu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Zhao,+S">Shuozhen Zhao</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Miksis,+M+J">Michael J. Miksis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Vlahovska,+P+M">Petia M. Vlahovska</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)</span>; Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The linear stability of a lipid membrane under a DC electric field, applied perpendicularly to the interface, is investigated in the electrokinetic framework, taking account to the dynamics of the Debye layers formed near the membrane. The perturbed charge in the Debye layer redistributes and destabilizes the membrane via electrical surface stress interior and exterior to the membrane. The instability is suppressed as the difference in the electrolyte concentration of the solutions separated by the membrane increases, due to a weakened base state electric field near the membrane. This result contrasts with the destabilizing effect predicted using the leaky dielectric model in cases of asymmetric conductivity. We attribute this difference to the varying assumptions about the perturbation amplitude relative to the Debye length, which result in different regimes of validity for the linear stability analysis within these two frameworks. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item65'>[65]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12554" title="Abstract" id="2502.12554"> arXiv:2502.12554 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12554" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12554" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12554">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12554v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12554" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12554" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12554" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12554" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12554">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Low-loss polarization-maintaining router for single and entangled photons at a telecom wavelength </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+P">Pengfei Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Baek,+S">Soyoung Baek</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Yabuno,+M">Masahiro Yabuno</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Miki,+S">Shigehito Miki</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Terai,+H">Hirotaka Terai</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kaneda,+F">Fumihiro Kaneda</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Applied Physics (physics.app-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Photon polarization serves as an essential quantum information carrier in quantum information and measurement applications. Routing of arbitrarily polarized single photons and polarization-entangled photons is a crucial technology for scaling up quantum information applications. Here, we demonstrate a low-loss, noiseless, polarization-maintaining routing of single and entangled photons at the telecom L-band. Our interferometer-based router is constructed by optics with a low angle of incidence and cross-aligned electro-optic crystals, achieving the polarization-maintaining operation without additional polarization-compensation optics. We demonstrate the routing of arbitrary-polarized heralded single photons with a 1.3% loss, a $>$ 22 dB switching extinction ratio, and $>$ 99% polarization process fidelity to ideal identity operation. Moreover, the high-quality router achieves the routing of two-photon N00N-type entangled states with a highly maintained interference visibility of $\sim$ 97%. The demonstrated router scheme paves the way toward polarization-encoded photonic quantum network as well as multi-photon entanglement synthesis via spatial- and time-multiplexing techniques. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item66'>[66]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12654" title="Abstract" id="2502.12654"> arXiv:2502.12654 </a> (cross-list from cs.SI) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12654" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12654" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12654">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12654v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12654" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12654" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12654" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12654" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12654">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Free Energy and Network Structure: Breaking Scale-Free Behaviour Through Information Processing Constraints </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Williams,+P+R">Peter R Williams</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Chen,+Z">Zhan Chen</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)</span>; Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In this paper we show how The Free Energy Principle (FEP) can provide an explanation for why real-world networks deviate from scale-free behaviour, and how these characteristic deviations can emerge from constraints on information processing. We propose a minimal FEP model for node behaviour reveals three distinct regimes: when detection noise dominates, agents seek better information, reducing isolated agents compared to expectations from classical preferential attachment. In the optimal detection regime, super-linear growth emerges from compounded improvements in detection, belief, and action, which produce a preferred cluster scale. Finally, saturation effects occur as limits on the agent's information processing capabilities prevent indefinite cluster growth. These regimes produce the knee-shaped degree distributions observed in real networks, explaining them as signatures of agents with optimal information processing under constraints. We show that agents evolving under FEP principles provides a mechanism for preferential attachment, connecting agent psychology with the macroscopic network features that underpin the structure of real-world networks. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item67'>[67]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12682" title="Abstract" id="2502.12682"> arXiv:2502.12682 </a> (cross-list from stat.ME) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12682" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12682" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12682">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12682" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12682" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12682">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> K-n煤cleo: Una herramienta para detectar la estructura conceptual de los campos de investigaci贸n. El caso pr谩ctico de la Altmetr铆a </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/stat?searchtype=author&query=G%C3%A1lvez,+C">Carmen G谩lvez</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> in Spanish language, <a href="https://revistes.uab.es/redes" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-https">this https URL</a> </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Revista Hispana para el An\'alisis de Redes Sociales, Vol. 36,#2,(2025), 148-162 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Methodology (stat.ME)</span>; Social and Information Networks (cs.SI); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In Social Network Analysis (SNA), k-core decomposition is used to detect hierarchical shells in networks. The application of the K-core decomposition to a network of keywords allows us to represent the conceptual structure of a research field. The objective of this work was to propose the application of k-core decomposition to show the evolution of the conceptual structure of the Altmetrics research field. The methodology was developed in several phases: data collection, keyword selection, elaboration of a keyword co-occurrence matrix, generation of a keyword network, k-core decomposition and visualization of the hierarchical structure. The result was the detection of five differentiated shells. A core shell with basic, densely interconnected concepts that formed the knowledge base of the field. An intermediate shell with mediating concepts that showed the evolution of knowledge in the field. A lateral shell with concepts that indicated the specialization of the research field. A border shell with peripheral and isolated concepts, which represented the conceptual fronts in development. In conclusion, the hierarchical decomposition of the keyword network achieved a deeper understanding of the conceptual structure of the research field </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item68'>[68]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12731" title="Abstract" id="2502.12731"> arXiv:2502.12731 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.soft) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12731" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12731" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12731">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12731v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12731" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12731" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12731" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12731" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12731">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Form and function in biological filaments: A physicist's review </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Cammann,+J">Jan Cammann</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Laeverenz-Schlogelhofer,+H">Hannah Laeverenz-Schlogelhofer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Wan,+K+Y">Kirsty Y. Wan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Mazza,+M+G">Marco G. Mazza</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)</span>; Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Nature uses elongated shapes and filaments to build stable structures, generate motion, and allow complex geometric interactions. In this Review, we examine the role of biological filaments across different length scales. From the molecular scale, where cytoskeletal filaments provides a robust but dynamic cellular scaffolding, over the scale of cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, to the scale of filamentous microorganisms like cyanobacteria which are among the most successful genera on Earth, and even to the scale of elongated animals like worms and snakes, whose motility modes inspire robotic analogues. We highlight the general mechanisms that couple form and function. Physical principles, such as classical elasticity and the non-reciprocity of active matter can be used to trace unifying themes linking these systems spanning about six orders of magnitude in length. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item69'>[69]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12761" title="Abstract" id="2502.12761"> arXiv:2502.12761 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.mtrl-sci) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12761" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12761" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12761">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12761" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12761" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12761">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Antisymmetry rules of response properties in certain chemical spaces </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Shiraogawa,+T">Takafumi Shiraogawa</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Krug,+S+L">Simon Le贸n Krug</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Ehara,+M">Masahiro Ehara</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=von+Lilienfeld,+O+A">O. Anatole von Lilienfeld</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 34 pages, 14 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)</span>; Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Understanding chemical compound space (CCS), a set of molecules and materials, is crucial for the rational discovery of molecules and materials. Concepts of symmetry have recently been introduced into CCS to account for near degeneracies and differences in electronic energies between iso-electronic materials. In this work, we present approximate relationships of response properties based on a first-principles view of CCS. They have been derived from perturbation theory and antisymmetry considerations involving nuclear charges. These rules allow approximate predictions of relative response properties of pairs of distinct compounds with opposite nuclear charge variations from a highly symmetric reference material, without the need for experiments or quantum chemical calculations of each compound. We numerically and statistically verified these rules for electric and magnetic response properties (electric dipole moment, polarizabilities, hyperpolarizabilities, and magnetizabilities) among charge-neutral and iso-electronic BN-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives of naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene. Our analysis indicates that, despite their simplicity, antisymmetry rule-based predictions are remarkably accurate, enabling dimensionality reduction of CCS. Response properties in alchemical perturbation density functional theory were investigated to clarify the origin of this predictive power. The origin of this predictive power was clarified based on alchemical perturbation density functional theory. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item70'>[70]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12780" title="Abstract" id="2502.12780"> arXiv:2502.12780 </a> (cross-list from astro-ph.EP) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12780" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12780" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12780">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12780" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12780" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12780">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Electron-induced chemistry and sputtering of volatile species from amorphous and crystalline water ice </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Mishra,+Y+N">Yogeshwar Nath Mishra</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Chandra,+S">Sankhabrata Chandra</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Gudipati,+M+S">Murthy S. Gudipati</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Henderson,+B">Bryana Henderson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hanstorp,+D">Dag Hanstorp</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Yung,+Y+L">Yuk L. Yung</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)</span>; Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM); Space Physics (physics.space-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Electron irradiation of water-rich ices plays a significant role in initiating the chemical and physical processes on the surface of airless icy bodies in radiation environments such as Europa and Enceladus, as well as on the Moon, comets, and asteroids interacting with the solar wind. The sputtering process by electrons and ions leads to chemical modification and outgassing of their icy surfaces and the subsequent formation of a tenuous atmosphere. Though electron-sputtering yields are known to be lower compared to ion-sputtering yields, one needs to also account for their differential fluxes. In our experiments, the electron-induced sputtering yields of all the gaseous species H2, O, OH, H2O, and O2 are investigated for electron energies lower than 2 keV in terms of partial pressure vs. time of irradiation. The effective averaged change in partial pressure of the desorbed species is converted to the number of sputtered atoms or molecules per second per cm2 from the ice, and then to the sputtering yields (number of species sputtered per electron). Our data agrees well with the previously reported data for the sputtering of O2 and H2O yield for the amorphous ice. We also find that crystalline ice shows significantly lower sputtering yields when compared to amorphous ice, in agreement with the observation of similar trends in the literature. Our work indicates that sputtering yields per keV of O, OH, O2, and H2O drop with increasing electron energy from 0.5 keV to 2 keV. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item71'>[71]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12806" title="Abstract" id="2502.12806"> arXiv:2502.12806 </a> (cross-list from astro-ph.SR) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12806" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12806" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12806">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12806" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12806" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12806">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Ringworlds and Dyson spheres can be stable </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=McInnes,+C+R">Colin R McInnes</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 19 pages, 16 figures, 1 table, published in MNRAS </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> MNRAS, 537, 1249-1267 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)</span>; Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP); Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In his 1856 Adams Prize essay, James Clark Maxwell demonstrated that Saturn's rings cannot be comprised of a uniform rigid body. This is a consequence of the two-body gravitational interaction between a ring and planet resulting in instability. Similarly, it is also known that a so-called Dyson sphere encompassing a single star would be unstable due to Newton's shell theorem. A surprising finding is reported here that both a ring and a sphere (shell) can be stable in the restricted three-body problem. First, if two primary masses are considered in orbit about their common centre of mass, a large, uniform, infinitesimal ring enclosing the smaller of the masses can in principle be stable under certain conditions. Similarly, a Dyson sphere can, be stable, if the sphere encloses the smaller of the two primary masses, again under certain conditions. These findings extend Maxwell's results on the dynamics of rings and have an interesting bearing on so-called Ringworlds and Dyson spheres from fiction. Moreover, the existence of passively stable orbits for such large-scale structures may have implications for so-called techno-signatures in search for extra-terrestrial intelligence studies. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item72'>[72]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12933" title="Abstract" id="2502.12933"> arXiv:2502.12933 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12933" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12933" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12933">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12933v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12933" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12933" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12933" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12933" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12933">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Exciton-Polariton Dynamics in Multilayered Materials </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Koshkaki,+S+R">Saeed Rahmanian Koshkaki</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Manjalingal,+A">Arshath Manjalingal</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Blackham,+L">Logan Blackham</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Mandal,+A">Arkajit Mandal</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Optics (physics.optics) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Coupling excitons with quantized radiation has been shown to enable coherent ballistic transport at room temperature inside optical cavities. Previous theoretical works employ a simple description of the material, depicting it as a single layer placed in the middle of the optical cavity, thereby ignoring the spatial variation of the radiation in the cavity quantization direction. In contrast, in most experiments, the optical cavity is filled with organic molecules or multilayered materials. Here, we develop an efficient mixed-quantum-classical approach, introducing a {\it bright layer} description, to simulate the exciton-polariton quantum dynamics. Our simulations reveal that, for the same Rabi splitting, a multilayer material extends the quantum coherence lifetime and enhances transport compared to a single-layer material. We find that this enhanced coherence can be traced to a synchronization of phonon fluctuations over multiple layers, wherein the collective light-matter coupling in a multilayered material effectively suppresses the phonon-induced dynamical disorder. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item73'>[73]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12954" title="Abstract" id="2502.12954"> arXiv:2502.12954 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12954" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12954" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12954">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12954v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12954" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12954" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12954" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12954" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12954">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Probing curved spacetime with a distributed atomic processor clock </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Covey,+J+P">Jacob P. Covey</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Pikovski,+I">Igor Pikovski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Borregaard,+J">Johannes Borregaard</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 8 pages, 5 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Quantum dynamics on curved spacetime has never been directly probed beyond the Newtonian limit. Although we can describe such dynamics theoretically, experiments would provide empirical evidence that quantum theory holds even in this extreme limit. The practical challenge is the minute spacetime curvature difference over the length scale of the typical extent of quantum effects. Here we propose a quantum network of alkaline earth(-like) atomic processors for constructing a distributed quantum state that is sensitive to the differential proper time between its constituent atomic processor nodes, implementing a quantum observable that is affected by post-Newtonian curved spacetime. Conceptually, we delocalize one clock between three locations by encoding the presence or absence of a clock into the state of the local atoms. By separating three atomic nodes over $\sim$km-scale elevation differences and distributing one clock between them via a W-state, we demonstrate that the curvature of spacetime is manifest in the interference of the three different proper times that give rise to three distinct beat notes in our non-local observable. We further demonstrate that $N$-atom entanglement within each node enhances the interrogation bandwidth by a factor of $N$. We discuss how our system can probe new facets of fundamental physics, such as the linearity, unitarity and probabilistic nature of quantum theory on curved spacetime. Our protocol combines several recent advances with neutral atom and trapped ions to realize a novel quantum probe of curved spacetime uniquely enabled by quantum networks. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item74'>[74]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12983" title="Abstract" id="2502.12983"> arXiv:2502.12983 </a> (cross-list from hep-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12983" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12983" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12983">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12983v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12983" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12983" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12983" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12983" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12983">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Resonant axion-plasmon conversion in neutron star magnetospheres </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Ter%C3%A7as,+H">H. Ter莽as</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Mendon%C3%A7a,+J+T">J. T. Mendon莽a</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bingham,+R">R. Bingham</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> axion-plasmon conversion, longitudinal plasma mode, neutron magnetospheres, corrected radio signals </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)</span>; High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Resonant axion-plasmon conversion in the magnetospheres of magnetars may substantially impact the landscape of dark-matter axion detection. This work explores how resonant axion-plasmon conversion, through a mechanism that is analogous to the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (NSW) effect in neutrinos, modify the expected radio signals from axion-photon conversions observed on Earth. Critically, the resonant conversion radius lies within the region expected for axion-photon conversion, introducing a nonradiative power loss that diminishes the anticipated photon flux. Our analysis demonstrates that this effect can reduce radio telescope sensitivities, shifting them into regions excluded by previous experiments. These findings compel a reassessment of experimental constraints derived from radio signatures of axion-photon conversions and highlight the necessity of accounting for plasmon effects in astrophysical axion searches. The presented corrections provide critical insights for refining the detection strategies of future telescope-based dark matter axion experiments. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item75'>[75]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12987" title="Abstract" id="2502.12987"> arXiv:2502.12987 </a> (cross-list from cs.LG) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12987" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12987" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12987">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12987v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12987" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12987" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12987" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12987" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12987">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Ensemble Kalman filter in latent space using a variational autoencoder pair </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Pasmans,+I">Ivo Pasmans</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Chen,+Y">Yumeng Chen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Finn,+T+S">Tobias Sebastian Finn</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bocquet,+M">Marc Bocquet</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Carrassi,+A">Alberto Carrassi</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Machine Learning (cs.LG)</span>; Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Popular (ensemble) Kalman filter data assimilation (DA) approaches assume that the errors in both the a priori estimate of the state and those in the observations are Gaussian. For constrained variables, e.g. sea ice concentration or stress, such an assumption does not hold. The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a machine learning (ML) technique that allows to map an arbitrary distribution to/from a latent space in which the distribution is supposedly closer to a Gaussian. We propose a novel hybrid DA-ML approach in which VAEs are incorporated in the DA procedure. Specifically, we introduce a variant of the popular ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF) in which the analysis is applied in the latent space of a single VAE or a pair of VAEs. In twin experiments with a simple circular model, whereby the circle represents an underlying submanifold to be respected, we find that the use of a VAE ensures that a posteri ensemble members lie close to the manifold containing the truth. Furthermore, online updating of the VAE is necessary and achievable when this manifold varies in time, i.e. when it is non-stationary. We demonstrate that introducing an additional second latent space for the observational innovations improves robustness against detrimental effects of non-Gaussianity and bias in the observational errors but it slightly lessens the performance if observational errors are strictly Gaussian. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item76'>[76]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13003" title="Abstract" id="2502.13003"> arXiv:2502.13003 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.soft) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13003" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13003" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13003">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13003v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13003" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13003" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13003" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13003" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13003">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Fluorescent molecular rotor-based polymer materials for local microviscosity mapping in microfluidic channels </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Nalatamby,+D">Dharshana Nalatamby</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Gibouin,+F">Florence Gibouin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Zitouni,+M">Maxime Zitouni</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Renaudeau,+J">Julien Renaudeau</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Clisson,+G">G茅rald Clisson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Lidon,+P">Pierre Lidon</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Harrisson,+S">Simon Harrisson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Medina-Gonzalez,+Y">Yaocihuatl Medina-Gonzalez</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)</span>; Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> A viscosity-sensitive monomer consisting of a methacrylate-functionalized julolidone-based molecular rotor (MECVJ) was synthesized and used to obtain viscosity-sensitive polymers (poly(DMA-\textit{s}-MECVJ)). The qualitative properties of the molecular rotor were preserved after its inclusion in the new polymer, in particular the effect of the viscosity of the surrounding medium on the fluorescence lifetime of the rotor. By grafting these polymers onto glass slides, viscosity-sensitive surfaces were obtained, showing good robustness in time after successive use and washing. As proof of concept, these surfaces were used to assemble a microfluidic chip capable of mapping viscosity of fluids flowing inside the channel. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item77'>[77]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13018" title="Abstract" id="2502.13018"> arXiv:2502.13018 </a> (cross-list from cond-mat.mtrl-sci) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13018" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13018" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13018">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13018" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13018" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13018">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Artificially creating emergent interfacial antiferromagnetism and its manipulation in a magnetic van-der-Waals heterostructure </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+X">Xiangqi Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+C">Cong Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+Y">Yupeng Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Ye,+C">Chunhui Ye</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Rahman,+A">Azizur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+M">Min Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Son,+S">Suhan Son</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Tan,+J">Jun Tan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+Z">Zengming Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Ji,+W">Wei Ji</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Park,+J">Je-Geun Park</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+K">Kai-Xuan Zhang</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Accepted by ACS Nano; 42 pages, 5 main figures, 8 supporting figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)</span>; Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Van der Waals (vdW) magnets, with their two-dimensional (2D) atomic structures, provide a unique platform for exploring magnetism at the nanoscale. Although there have been numerous reports on their diverse quantum properties, the emergent interfacial magnetism--artificially created at the interface between two layered magnets--remains largely unexplored. This work presents observations of such emergent interfacial magnetism at the ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface in a vdW heterostructure. We report the discovery of an intermediate Hall resistance plateau in the anomalous Hall loop, indicative of emergent interfacial antiferromagnetism fostered by the heterointerface. This plateau can be stabilized and further manipulated under varying pressures but collapses under high pressures over 10 GPa. Our theoretical calculations reveal that charge transfer at the interface is pivotal in establishing the interlayer antiferromagnetic spin-exchange interaction. This work illuminates the previously unexplored emergent interfacial magnetism at a vdW interface comprised of a ferromagnetic metal and an antiferromagnetic insulator, and highlights its gradual evolution under increasing pressure. These findings enrich the portfolio of emergent interfacial magnetism and support further investigations on vdW magnetic interfaces and the development of next-generation spintronic devices. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item78'>[78]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13047" title="Abstract" id="2502.13047"> arXiv:2502.13047 </a> (cross-list from hep-ex) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13047" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13047" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13047">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13047" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13047" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13047">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Development of systematic uncertainty-aware neural network trainings for binned-likelihood analyses at the LHC </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/hep-ex?searchtype=author&query=CMS+Collaboration">CMS Collaboration</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Submitted to Computing and Software for Big Science. All figures and tables can be found at <a href="http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/MLG-23-005" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-http">this http URL</a> (CMS Public Pages) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)</span>; High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We propose a neural network training method capable of accounting for the effects of systematic variations of the data model in the training process and describe its extension towards neural network multiclass classification. The procedure is evaluated on the realistic case of the measurement of Higgs boson production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion in the $\tau\tau$ decay channel at the CMS experiment. The neural network output functions are used to infer the signal strengths for inclusive production of Higgs bosons as well as for their production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion. We observe improvements of 12 and 16% in the uncertainty in the signal strengths for gluon and vector-boson fusion, respectively, compared with a conventional neural network training based on cross-entropy. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item79'>[79]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13052" title="Abstract" id="2502.13052"> arXiv:2502.13052 </a> (cross-list from astro-ph.EP) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13052" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13052" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13052">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13052v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13052" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13052" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13052" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13052" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13052">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Ionosphere of Ganymede: Galileo observations versus test particle simulation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Beth,+A">Arnaud Beth</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Galand,+M">Marina Galand</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Modolo,+R">Ronan Modolo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Jia,+X">Xianzhe Jia</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Leblanc,+F">Fran莽ois Leblanc</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/astro-ph?searchtype=author&query=Huybrighs,+H">Hans Huybrighs</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> accepted for publication in MNRAS </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)</span>; Space Physics (physics.space-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In this paper, we model the plasma environment of Ganymede by means of a collisionless test particle simulation. By coupling the outputs from a DSMC simulation of Ganymede's exosphere (i.e. number density profiles of neutral species such as $\mathrm{H}$, $\mathrm{H_2}$, $\mathrm{O}$, $\mathrm{HO}$, $\mathrm{H_2O}$, $\mathrm{O_2}$ for which we provide parametrisation) with those of a MagnetoHydroDynamic simulation of the interaction between Ganymede and the Jovian plasma (i.e. electric and magnetic fields), we perform a comparison between simulated ion plasma densities and ion energy spectra with those observed in-situ during 6 close flybys of Ganymede by the Galileo spacecraft. We find that not only our test particle simulation sometimes can well reproduce the in-situ ion number density measurement, but also the dominant ion species during these flybys are $\mathrm{H_2^+}$, $\mathrm{O_2^+}$, and occasionally $\mathrm{H_2O^+}$. Although the observed ion energy spectra cannot be reproduced exactly, the simulated ion energy spectra exhibit similar trends to those observed near the closest approach and near the magnetopause crossings but at lower energies. We show that the neutral exosphere plays an important role in supplying plasma to Ganymede's magnetised environment and that additional mechanisms may be at play to energise/accelerate newborn ions from the neutral exosphere. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item80'>[80]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13072" title="Abstract" id="2502.13072"> arXiv:2502.13072 </a> (cross-list from quant-ph) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13072" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13072" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13072">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.13072v1" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.13072" aria-labelledby="html-2502.13072" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13072" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13072" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13072">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Analysis of Josephson Junction Barrier Variation -- a Combined STEM, Breakdown and Monte-Carlo Approach </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kennedy,+O+W">Oscar W. Kennedy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Crawford,+K+G">Kevin G. Crawford</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Shahbazi,+K">Kowsar Shahbazi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Shelly,+C+D">Connor D. Shelly</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 8 main pages, 5 main figures, 1 table, appended SI </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall); Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Applied Physics (physics.app-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Josephson junctions manufactured to tight tolerances are necessary components for superconducting quantum computing. Developing precise manufacturing techniques for Josephson junctions requires an understanding of their make-up and robust feedback metrics against which to optimise. Here we consider complementary techniques assessing what conclusions they allow us to draw about the barriers in junctions. Monte-Carlo simulations of barriers show that standard deviations of 15-20 % of the total barrier thickness are compatible with our experimental data. Electrical breakdown allows us to probe the weakest points in barriers. Narrowing the distribution of this breakdown provides a promising feedback mechanism for barrier optimisation. Grouping junctions by breakdown voltage allows us to identify sub-ensembles of junctions with different median resistance, highlighting the importance of weak spots in junction parameters such as resistance. Transmission electron microscopy can be used to find average barrier thickness, although we highlight challenges forming robust conclusions on the distribution of thicknesses in a barrier from these experiments. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item81'>[81]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13084" title="Abstract" id="2502.13084"> arXiv:2502.13084 </a> (cross-list from q-bio.QM) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13084" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13084" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13084">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13084" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13084" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13084">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantitative First-Pass Perfusion CMR: from technical principles to clinical practice </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Carvalho,+C+N">Catarina N Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Gaspar,+A">Andreia Gaspar</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Real,+C">Carlos Real</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Gal%C3%A1n-Arriola,+C">Carlos Gal谩n-Arriola</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Moya-S%C3%A1ez,+E">Elisa Moya-S谩ez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Mench%C3%B3n-Lara,+R">Rosa-Mar铆a Mench贸n-Lara</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Sanchez,+J">Javier Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Alberola-L%C3%B3pez,+C">Carlos Alberola-L贸pez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Nunes,+R+G">Rita G Nunes</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez,+B">Borja Ib谩帽ez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/q-bio?searchtype=author&query=Correia,+T+M">Teresa M Correia</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> All copyright for this preprint belongs to the authors. The work is protected under copyright and may not be reproduced, distributed, or used without proper citation and permission, unless otherwise specified </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)</span>; Medical Physics (physics.med-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (pCMR) using first-pass contrast-enhanced imaging could play an important role in the detection of epicardial and microvascular coronary artery disease. Recently, the emergence of quantitative pCMR has provided a more reliable and observer-independent analysis compared to visual interpretation of dynamic images. This review aims to cover the basics of quantitative pCMR, from acquisition protocols, its use in preclinical and clinical studies, image reconstruction and motion handling, to automated quantitative pCMR pipelines. It also offers an overview of emerging tools in the field, including artificial intelligence-based methods. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item82'>[82]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.13094" title="Abstract" id="2502.13094"> arXiv:2502.13094 </a> (cross-list from math.AP) [<a href="/pdf/2502.13094" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.13094" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.13094">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.13094" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.13094" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.13094">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Global Existence and Nonlinear Stability of Finite-Energy Solutions of the Compressible Euler-Riesz Equations with Large Initial Data of Spherical Symmetry </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Carrillo,+J+A">Jos茅 A. Carrillo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Charles,+S+R">Samuel R. Charles</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Chen,+G+G">Gui-Qiang G. Chen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Yuan,+D">Difan Yuan</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 68 pages, 1 figure </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)</span>; Mathematical Physics (math-ph); Functional Analysis (math.FA); Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The compressible Euler-Riesz equations are fundamental with wide applications in astrophysics, plasma physics, and mathematical biology. In this paper, we are concerned with the global existence and nonlinear stability of finite-energy solutions of the multidimensional Euler-Riesz equations with large initial data of spherical symmetry. We consider both attractive and repulsive interactions for a wide range of Riesz and logarithmic potentials for dimensions larger than or equal to two. This is achieved by the inviscid limit of the solutions of the corresponding Cauchy problem for the Navier-Stokes-Riesz equations. The strong convergence of the vanishing viscosity solutions is achieved through delicate uniform estimates in $L^p$. It is observed that, even if the attractive potential is super-Coulomb, no concentration is formed near the origin in the inviscid limit. Moreover, we prove that the nonlinear stability of global finite-energy solutions for the Euler-Riesz equations is unconditional under a spherically symmetric perturbation around the steady solutions. Unlike the Coulomb case where the potential can be represented locally, the singularity and regularity of the nonlocal radial Riesz potential near the origin require careful analysis, which is a crucial step. Finally, unlike the Coulomb case, a Gr枚nwall type estimate is required to overcome the difficulty of the appearance of boundary terms in the sub-Coulomb case and the singularity of the super-Coulomb potential. Furthermore, we prove the nonlinear stability of global finite-energy solutions for the compressible Euler-Riesz equations around steady states by employing concentration compactness arguments. Steady states properties are obtained by variational arguments connecting to recent advances in aggregation-diffusion equations. </p> </div> </dd> </dl> <dl id='articles'> <h3>Replacement submissions (showing 47 of 47 entries)</h3> <dt> <a name='item83'>[83]</a> <a href ="/abs/2203.11185" title="Abstract" id="2203.11185"> arXiv:2203.11185 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2203.11185" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2203.11185" aria-labelledby="pdf-2203.11185">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2203.11185v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2203.11185" aria-labelledby="html-2203.11185" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2203.11185" title="Other formats" id="oth-2203.11185" aria-labelledby="oth-2203.11185">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Engineering wavefronts with machine learned structured polarization </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kottapalli,+S+N+M">Sai Nikhilesh Murty Kottapalli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song,+A">Alexander Song</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fischer,+P">Peer Fischer</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> The following article has been submitted to APL Photonics </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Optical approaches for wavefront shaping traditionally rely on phase modulation through holographic techniques. Shaping the phase determines a wave's diffraction and hence its intensity distribution in space. We instead show that shaping the polarization introduces a novel framework that permits the spatial modulation of polarization to control wavefront propagation and resulting amplitude distributions. We develop two distinct computational phase retrieval approaches for calculating the required polarization transformations and experimentally validate these. The first method extends the established Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm, while the second employs machine learning optimization to determine optimal polarization patterns. By implementing both amplitude and polarization control simultaneously using a single polarization mask, our approach significantly reduces system complexity compared to traditional methods. Our experimental results demonstrate the potential of polarization-based wavefront shaping as an efficient alternative to conventional techniques, paving the way for applications in optical manipulation and imaging. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item84'>[84]</a> <a href ="/abs/2206.11833" title="Abstract" id="2206.11833"> arXiv:2206.11833 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2206.11833" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2206.11833" aria-labelledby="pdf-2206.11833">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2206.11833" title="Other formats" id="oth-2206.11833" aria-labelledby="oth-2206.11833">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Multiscale nanoindentation modeling of concentrated solid solutions: A continuum plasticity model </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Frydrych,+K">K. Frydrych</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dominguez-Gutierrez,+F+J">F. J. Dominguez-Gutierrez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alava,+M+J">M. J. Alava</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Papanikolaou,+S">S. Papanikolaou</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)</span>; Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Recently developed single-phase concentrated solid-solution alloys (CSAs) contain multiple elemental species in high concentrations with different elements randomly arranged on a crystalline lattice. These chemically disordered materials present excellent physical properties, including high-temperature thermal stability and hardness, with promising applications to industries at extreme operating environments. The aim of this paper is to present a continuum plasticity model accounting for the first time for the behaviour of a equiatomic five-element CSA, that forms a face-centered cubic lattice. The inherent disorder associated with the lattice distortions caused by an almost equiatomic distribution of atoms, is captured by a single parameter {\alpha} that quantifies the relative importance of an isotropic plastic contribution to the model. This results in multiple plasticity mechanisms that go beyond crystallographic symmetry-based ones, common in the case of conventional single element metals. We perform molecular dynamics simulations of equiatomic CSAs: NiFe, NiFeCr, NiFeCrCo, and Cantor alloys to validate the proposed continuum model which is implemented in the finite element method and applied to model nanoindentation tests for three different crystallographic orientations. We obtain the representative volume element model by tracking the combined model yield surface. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item85'>[85]</a> <a href ="/abs/2210.05859" title="Abstract" id="2210.05859"> arXiv:2210.05859 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2210.05859" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2210.05859" aria-labelledby="pdf-2210.05859">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2210.05859v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2210.05859" aria-labelledby="html-2210.05859" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2210.05859" title="Other formats" id="oth-2210.05859" aria-labelledby="oth-2210.05859">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Nuclear Recoil Calibration at Sub-keV Energies in LUX and Its Impact on Dark Matter Search Sensitivity </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=LUX+Collaboration">LUX Collaboration</a>: <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Akerib,+D">D.S. Akerib</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Alsum,+S">S. Alsum</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ara%C3%BAjo,+H">H.M. Ara煤jo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bai,+X">X. Bai</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balajthy,+J">J. Balajthy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bang,+J">J. Bang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baxter,+A">A. Baxter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bernard,+E">E.P. Bernard</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bernstein,+A">A. Bernstein</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Biesiadzinski,+T">T.P. Biesiadzinski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boulton,+E">E.M. Boulton</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boxer,+B">B. Boxer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Br%C3%A1s,+P">P. Br谩s</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Burdin,+S">S. Burdin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Byram,+D">D. Byram</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Carmona-Benitez,+M">M.C. Carmona-Benitez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chan,+C">C. Chan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cutter,+J">J.E. Cutter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=de+Viveiros,+L">L. de Viveiros</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Druszkiewicz,+E">E. Druszkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fan,+A">A. Fan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fiorucci,+S">S. Fiorucci</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gaitskell,+R">R.J. Gaitskell</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ghag,+C">C. Ghag</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gilchriese,+M">M.G.D. Gilchriese</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gwilliam,+C">C. Gwilliam</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hall,+C">C.R. Hall</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Haselschwardt,+S">S.J. Haselschwardt</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hertel,+S">S.A. Hertel</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hogan,+D">D.P. Hogan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Horn,+M">M. Horn</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang,+D">D.Q. Huang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ignarra,+C">C.M. Ignarra</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jacobsen,+R">R.G. Jacobsen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jahangir,+O">O. Jahangir</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ji,+W">W. Ji</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kamdin,+K">K. Kamdin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kazkaz,+K">K. Kazkaz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Khaitan,+D">D. Khaitan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Korolkova,+E">E.V. Korolkova</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kravitz,+S">S. Kravitz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kudryavtsev,+V">V.A. Kudryavtsev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Leason,+E">E. Leason</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lesko,+K">K.T. Lesko</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liao,+J">J. Liao</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lin,+J">J. Lin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lindote,+A">A. Lindote</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lopes,+M">M.I. Lopes</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Manalaysay,+A">A. Manalaysay</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mannino,+R">R.L. Mannino</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marangou,+N">N. Marangou</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=McKinsey,+D">D.N. McKinsey</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mei,+D">D.-M. Mei</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morad,+J">J.A. Morad</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Murphy,+A">A.St.J. Murphy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Naylor,+A">A. Naylor</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nehrkorn,+C">C. Nehrkorn</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nelson,+H">H.N. Nelson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Neves,+F">F. Neves</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nilima,+A">A. Nilima</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Oliver-Mallory,+K">K.C. Oliver-Mallory</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Palladino,+K">K.J. Palladino</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rhyne,+C">C. Rhyne</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Riffard,+Q">Q. Riffard</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rischbieter,+G">G.R.C. Rischbieter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rossiter,+P">P. Rossiter</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shaw,+S">S. Shaw</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Shutt,+T">T.A. Shutt</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Silva,+C">C. Silva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Solmaz,+M">M. Solmaz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Solovov,+V">V.N. Solovov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sorensen,+P">P. Sorensen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sumner,+T">T.J. Sumner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Swanson,+N">N. Swanson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Szydagis,+M">M. Szydagis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Taylor,+D">D.J. Taylor</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Taylor,+R">R. Taylor</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Taylor,+W">W.C. Taylor</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tennyson,+B">B.P. Tennyson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Terman,+P">P.A. Terman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tiedt,+D">D.R. Tiedt</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=To,+W">W.H. To</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tvrznikova,+L">L. Tvrznikova</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Utku,+U">U. Utku</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vacheret,+A">A. Vacheret</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vaitkus,+A">A. Vaitkus</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Velan,+V">V. Velan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Webb,+R">R.C. Webb</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=White,+J">J.T. White</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Whitis,+T">T.J. Whitis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Witherell,+M">M.S. Witherell</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wolfs,+F">F.L.H. Wolfs</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Woodward,+D">D. Woodward</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xiang,+X">X. Xiang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu,+J">J. Xu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+C">C. Zhang</a></div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 061002 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span>; Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO); High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) detectors offer heightened sensitivities for dark matter detection across a spectrum of particle masses. To broaden their capability to low-mass dark matter interactions, we investigated the light and charge responses of liquid xenon (LXe) to sub-keV nuclear recoils. Using neutron events from a pulsed Adelphi Deuterium-Deuterium neutron generator, an in situ calibration was conducted on the LUX detector. We demonstrate direct measurements of light and charge yields down to 0.45 keV and 0.27 keV, respectively, both approaching single quanta production, the physical limit of LXe detectors. These results hold significant implications for the future of dual-phase xenon TPCs in detecting low-mass dark matter via nuclear recoils. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item86'>[86]</a> <a href ="/abs/2307.13472" title="Abstract" id="2307.13472"> arXiv:2307.13472 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2307.13472" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2307.13472" aria-labelledby="pdf-2307.13472">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2307.13472v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2307.13472" aria-labelledby="html-2307.13472" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2307.13472" title="Other formats" id="oth-2307.13472" aria-labelledby="oth-2307.13472">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> CH$_4$ and CO$_2$ Adsorption Mechanisms on Monolayer Graphenylene and their Effects on Optical and Electronic Properties </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aligayev,+A">A. Aligayev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dominguez-Gutierrez,+F+J">F. J. Dominguez-Gutierrez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chourashiya,+M">M. Chourashiya</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Papanikolaou,+S">S. Papanikolaou</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huang,+Q">Q. Huang</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)</span>; Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci); Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In this study, we employ a computational chemistry-based modeling approach to investigate the adsorption mechanisms of CH$_4$ and CO$_2$ on monolayer GPNL, with a specific focus on their effects on optical adsorption and electrical transport properties at room temperature. To simulate the adsorption dynamics as closely as possible to experimental conditions, we utilize the self-consistent charge tight-binding density functional theory (SCC-DFTB). Through semi-classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we observe the formation of H$_2$ molecules from the dissociation of CH$_4$ and the formation of CO+O species from carbon dioxide molecules. This provides insights into the adsorption and dispersion mechanisms of CH$_4$ and CO$_2$ on GPNL. Furthermore, we explore the impact of molecular adsorption on optical absorption properties. Our results demonstrate that CH$_4$ and CH$_2$ affects drastically the optical adsorption of GPNL, while CO$_2$ does not significantly affect the optical properties of the two-dimensional material. To analyze electron transport, we employ the open-boundary non-equilibrium Green's function method. By studying the conductivity of GPNL and graphene under voltage bias up to 300 mV, we gain valuable insights into the electrical transport properties of GPNL under optical absorption conditions. The findings from our computational modeling approach might contribute to a deeper understanding of the potential applications of GPNL in hydrogen production and advanced electronic devices. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item87'>[87]</a> <a href ="/abs/2308.07560" title="Abstract" id="2308.07560"> arXiv:2308.07560 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2308.07560" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2308.07560" aria-labelledby="pdf-2308.07560">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2308.07560v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2308.07560" aria-labelledby="html-2308.07560" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2308.07560" title="Other formats" id="oth-2308.07560" aria-labelledby="oth-2308.07560">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> On the attribution of weather events to climate change using a fit to extreme value distributions </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sherman,+P">Peter Sherman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huybers,+P">Peter Huybers</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tziperman,+E">Eli Tziperman</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Changes in extreme weather events are a potentially important aspect of anthropogenic climate change (ACC), yet, are difficult to attribute to ACC because the record length is often similar to, or shorter than, extreme-event return periods. This study is motivated by the ``World Weather Attribution'' initiative (WWA) and, specifically, their approach of fitting extreme value distribution functions to local observations. They calculate the dependence of distribution parameters on global mean surface temperature (GMST) and use this dependence to attribute extreme events to ACC. Applying this method to preindustrial climate simulations with no time-varying greenhouse gas forcing, we still find a strong dependence of distribution parameters on GMST. This dependence results from internal climate variability (e.g., ENSO) affecting both extreme events and GMST. Therefore, dependence on GMST does not necessarily imply an effect of ACC on extremes. We further consider whether an extreme value, normal, or log-normal distribution better represents the data; if a GMST-dependence of distribution parameters is justified using a likelihood ratio test; and if a meaningful attribution is possible given uncertainties in GMST dependence. We find, for example, that an attribution of Australia's 2020--2021 Bushfires to ACC is difficult due to the effects of internal variability. For the 2019--2021 drought in Madagascar we find that the small number of available data points precludes a meaningful attribution analysis. Overall, we find that the effects of internal climate variability on GMST and the uncertain relationship between GMST and regional extremes may lead to inaccurate attribution conclusions using the part of the WWA approach examined here. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item88'>[88]</a> <a href ="/abs/2311.08101" title="Abstract" id="2311.08101"> arXiv:2311.08101 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2311.08101" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2311.08101" aria-labelledby="pdf-2311.08101">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2311.08101v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2311.08101" aria-labelledby="html-2311.08101" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2311.08101" title="Other formats" id="oth-2311.08101" aria-labelledby="oth-2311.08101">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Non-monotonic emergence of order from chaos in turbulent thermo-acoustic fluid systems </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Balaji,+A">Aswin Balaji</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tandon,+S">Shruti Tandon</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marwan,+N">Norbert Marwan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kurths,+J">J眉rgen Kurths</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sujith,+R+I">R. I. Sujith</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Self-sustained order can emerge in complex systems due to internal feedback between coupled subsystems. Here, we present our discovery of a non-monotonic emergence of order amidst chaos in a turbulent thermo-acoustic fluid system. Fluctuations play a vital role in determining the dynamical state and transitions in a system. In this work, we use complex networks to encode jumps in amplitude scales owing to fluctuations as links between nodes representing amplitude bins. The number of possible amplitude transitions at a fixed timescale reflects the complexity of dynamics at that timescale. The network entropy quantifies the number of and uncertainty associated with such transitions. Using network entropy, we show that the uncertainty in fluctuations first increases and then decreases as the system transitions from chaos via intermittency to order. The competition between turbulence and nonlinear interactions leads to such non-monotonic emergence of order amidst chaos in turbulent thermo-acoustic fluid systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item89'>[89]</a> <a href ="/abs/2312.07085" title="Abstract" id="2312.07085"> arXiv:2312.07085 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2312.07085" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2312.07085" aria-labelledby="pdf-2312.07085">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2312.07085v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2312.07085" aria-labelledby="html-2312.07085" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2312.07085" title="Other formats" id="oth-2312.07085" aria-labelledby="oth-2312.07085">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Optical to microwave frequency conversion with Rydberg excitons </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ziemkiewicz,+D">David Ziemkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zieli%C5%84ska-Raczy%C5%84ska,+S">Sylwia Zieli艅ska-Raczy艅ska</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 11 pages, 8 figures </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Phys. Rev. B 107, 195303 (2023) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> A novel, copper-based plasmonic system is presented to provide optical to microwave photon conversion. The process uses highly excited levels in Cu2O Rydberg excitons and takes advantage of spoof plasmons, which allow for significant enhancement of the transition probability between specific excitonic energy levels. The theoretical results are verified with numerical simulations. The proposed system is very flexible, allowing for emission of microwaves wavelength from 0.1 mm to 10 mm. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item90'>[90]</a> <a href ="/abs/2312.07171" title="Abstract" id="2312.07171"> arXiv:2312.07171 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2312.07171" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2312.07171" aria-labelledby="pdf-2312.07171">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2312.07171v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2312.07171" aria-labelledby="html-2312.07171" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2312.07171" title="Other formats" id="oth-2312.07171" aria-labelledby="oth-2312.07171">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Optical properties of Rydberg excitons in Cu$_2$O based superlattices </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ziemkiewicz,+D">David Ziemkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Czajkowski,+G">Gerard Czajkowski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zieli%C5%84ska-Raczy%C5%84ska,+S">Sylwia Zieli艅ska-Raczy艅ska</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 10 pages, 9 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Combining the microscopic calculation of superlattice minibands and the macroscopic real density matrix approach one can obtain electric susceptibilities of the superlattice system irradiated by an electromagnetical wave. It is shown how to compute the dispersion relation, excitonic resonances positions and susceptibility of Cu$_2$O/MgO based superlattice (SL), when Rydberg Exciton-Polaritons appear, including the effect of the coherence between the electron-hole pair and the electromagnetic field and the polaritonic effect. Using the Kronig-Penney model for computing miniband SL parameters the analytical expressions for optical functions are obtained and the numerical calculations for Cu$_2$O/MgO SL are performed. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item91'>[91]</a> <a href ="/abs/2402.02435" title="Abstract" id="2402.02435"> arXiv:2402.02435 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2402.02435" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2402.02435" aria-labelledby="pdf-2402.02435">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2402.02435v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2402.02435" aria-labelledby="html-2402.02435" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2402.02435" title="Other formats" id="oth-2402.02435" aria-labelledby="oth-2402.02435">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Zepto to Attosecond core-level photoemission time delays in homonuclear diatomic molecules and non-dipole effects in the framework of Multiple Scattering theory </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tamura,+Y">Yoshiaki Tamura</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yamazaki,+K">Kaoru Yamazaki</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ueda,+K">Kiyoshi Ueda</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hatada,+K">Keisuke Hatada</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> This study theoretically investigates the angular distribution of core-level photoemission time delay within a molecular frame. This phenomenon can be measured with the advancement of attosecond pulsed lasers and metrology. Our focus is on homonuclear diatomic molecules. The two-center interference patterns observed in the gerade and ungerade core-level Molecular-Frame Photoelectron Angular Distributions (MFPAD) of homonuclear diatomic molecules demonstrate symmetry breaking with respect to the direction of light propagation, attributed to the non-dipole (multipole) effect. Our study delves into the photoemission time delay resulting from the non-dipole effect through the introduction of a theoretical model. We reveal that when considering the contributions from the gerade and ungerade delocalized states in incoherent sums, the two-center interference terms cancel each other in both the MFPADs and photoemission time delays. However, a residual term persists showcasing the non-dipole effect in the photoemission time delays. Furthermore, by expanding the scattering state of photoelectrons using the Multiple Scattering theory, we demonstrate the significant role played by the scattering of photoelectrons at the molecular potential in describing the photoemission time delays of homonuclear diatomic molecules. Next, we apply our theoretical model to a nitrogen molecule, demonstrating the energy- and angular-dependent characteristics of the MFPADs and photoemission time delays through both analytical and numerical approaches. The incoherent sums of the MFPADs in both forward and backward directions exhibit equal intensity, whereas the incoherent sums of the photoemission time delays show a slight variation of a few hundred zeptoseconds compared with numerical calculations using a multiple scattering code. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item92'>[92]</a> <a href ="/abs/2402.03079" title="Abstract" id="2402.03079"> arXiv:2402.03079 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2402.03079" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2402.03079" aria-labelledby="pdf-2402.03079">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2402.03079" title="Other formats" id="oth-2402.03079" aria-labelledby="oth-2402.03079">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Simulating Atmospheric Processes in Earth System Models and Quantifying Uncertainties with Deep Learning Multi-Member and Stochastic Parameterizations </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Behrens,+G">Gunnar Behrens</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beucler,+T">Tom Beucler</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Iglesias-Suarez,+F">Fernando Iglesias-Suarez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+S">Sungduk Yu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gentine,+P">Pierre Gentine</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pritchard,+M">Michael Pritchard</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schwabe,+M">Mierk Schwabe</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Eyring,+V">Veronika Eyring</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> main: 40 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; supporting information: 76 pages, 55 figures, 7 tables ; submitted to Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Deep learning is a powerful tool to represent subgrid processes in climate models, but many application cases have so far used idealized settings and deterministic approaches. Here, we develop stochastic parameterizations with calibrated uncertainty quantification to learn subgrid convective and turbulent processes and surface radiative fluxes of a superparameterization (SP) embedded in an Earth System Model (ESM). We explore three methods to construct stochastic parameterizations: 1) a single Deep Neural Network (DNN) with Monte Carlo Dropout; 2) a multi-member parameterization; and 3) a Variational Encoder Decoder with latent space perturbation. We show that the multi-member (MM) parameterization improves the representation of convective processes, especially in the planetary boundary layer, compared to individual DNNs. The respective uncertainty quantification illustrates that methods 2) and 3) are advantageous compared to a dropout-based DNN parameterization regarding the spread of convective processes. Hybrid simulations with our best-performing MM parameterizations remained challenging and crash within the first days. Therefore, we develop a pragmatic partial coupling strategy relying on the SP for condensate emulation. Partial coupling reduces the computational efficiency of hybrid Earth-like simulations but enables model stability over 5 months with our MM parameterizations. However, our hybrid simulations exhibit biases in thermodynamic fields and differences in precipitation patterns. Despite this, the MM parameterizations enable improvements in reproducing tropical extreme precipitation compared to a traditional convection parameterization. Despite these challenges, our results indicate the potential of a new generation of MM machine learning parameterizations leveraging uncertainty quantification to improve the representation of stochasticity of subgrid effects. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item93'>[93]</a> <a href ="/abs/2403.03225" title="Abstract" id="2403.03225"> arXiv:2403.03225 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2403.03225" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2403.03225" aria-labelledby="pdf-2403.03225">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2403.03225v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2403.03225" aria-labelledby="html-2403.03225" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2403.03225" title="Other formats" id="oth-2403.03225" aria-labelledby="oth-2403.03225">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Leveraging Prior Mean Models for Faster Bayesian Optimization of Particle Accelerators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Boltz,+T">Tobias Boltz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Martinez,+J+L">Jose L. Martinez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu,+C">Connie Xu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baker,+K+R+L">Kathryn R. L. Baker</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu,+Z">Zihan Zhu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morgan,+J">Jenny Morgan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Roussel,+R">Ryan Roussel</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ratner,+D">Daniel Ratner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mustapha,+B">Brahim Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Edelen,+A+L">Auralee L. Edelen</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Tuning particle accelerators is a challenging and time-consuming task that can be automated and carried out efficiently using suitable optimization algorithms, such as model-based Bayesian optimization techniques. One of the major advantages of Bayesian algorithms is the ability to incorporate prior information about beam physics and historical behavior into the model used to make control decisions. In this work, we examine incorporating prior accelerator physics information into Bayesian optimization algorithms by utilizing fast executing, neural network models trained on simulated or historical datasets as prior mean functions in Gaussian process models. We show that in ideal cases, this technique substantially increases convergence speed to optimal solutions in high-dimensional tuning parameter spaces. Additionally, we demonstrate that even in non-ideal cases, where prior models of beam dynamics do not exactly match experimental conditions, the use of this technique can still enhance convergence speed. Finally, we demonstrate how these methods can be used to improve optimization in practical applications, such as transferring information gained from beam dynamics simulations to online control of the LCLS injector, and transferring knowledge gained from experimental measurements across different operating modes, such as accelerating different ion species at the ATLAS heavy ion accelerator. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item94'>[94]</a> <a href ="/abs/2404.14574" title="Abstract" id="2404.14574"> arXiv:2404.14574 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2404.14574" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2404.14574" aria-labelledby="pdf-2404.14574">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2404.14574v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2404.14574" aria-labelledby="html-2404.14574" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2404.14574" title="Other formats" id="oth-2404.14574" aria-labelledby="oth-2404.14574">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Tri-axial time-dependent magnetic field calibrated in-situ by harmonic analysis of adiabatically evolving atomic spins </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bevilacqua,+G">Giuseppe Bevilacqua</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Biancalana,+V">Valerio Biancalana</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dancheva,+Y">Yordanka Dancheva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fregosi,+A">Alessandro Fregosi</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> improved version, 15 pages, 7 figures, 26 refs </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span>; Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We introduce a methodology to calibrate in situ a set of coils generating bi- or tri-axial magnetic fields, at frequencies where a calibration performed under static conditions would be inaccurate. The methodology uses harmonic analysis of one component of the magnetization of an atomic sample whose spins adiabatically follow an ad hoc applied time-dependent field. The procedure enables the identification of phases and amplitudes of the coil currents required to produce a dynamic magnetic field with the assigned polarization. This determines coil constants that can be subsequently used to produce arbitrary three-dimensional time-dependent fields. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item95'>[95]</a> <a href ="/abs/2405.07633" title="Abstract" id="2405.07633"> arXiv:2405.07633 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2405.07633" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2405.07633" aria-labelledby="pdf-2405.07633">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2405.07633v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2405.07633" aria-labelledby="html-2405.07633" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2405.07633" title="Other formats" id="oth-2405.07633" aria-labelledby="oth-2405.07633">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Atomistic modeling of the channeling process with and without account for ionising collisions: A comparative study </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sushko,+G+B">G. B. Sushko</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Korol,+A+V">A. V. Korol</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Solov'yov,+A+V">A. V. Solov'yov</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 25 pages, 8 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)</span>; Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the impact of inelastic collisions of ultra-relativistic electrons and positrons, passing through oriented crystalline targets, on the channeling efficiency and on the intensity of the channeling radiation. The analysis is based on the numerical simulations of the channeling process performed using the MBNExplorer software package. The ionising collisions, being random, fast and local events, are incorporated into the classical molecular dynamics framework according to their probabilities. This methodology is outlined in the paper. The case studies presented refer to electrons with energy $\E$ ranging from 270 to 1500 MeV and positrons with $\E=530$ MeV incident on thick (up to 1 mm) single diamond, silicon and germanium crystals oriented along the (110) and (111) planar directions. In order to elucidate the role of the ionising collisions, the simulations were performed with and without account for the ionising collisions. The case studies presented demonstrate that both approaches yield highly similar results for the electrons. For the positrons, the ionising collisions reduce significantly the channeling efficiency. However, it has been observed that this effect does not result in a corresponding change in the radiation intensity. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item96'>[96]</a> <a href ="/abs/2406.00122" title="Abstract" id="2406.00122"> arXiv:2406.00122 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2406.00122" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2406.00122" aria-labelledby="pdf-2406.00122">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2406.00122v4" title="View HTML" id="html-2406.00122" aria-labelledby="html-2406.00122" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2406.00122" title="Other formats" id="oth-2406.00122" aria-labelledby="oth-2406.00122">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> $\textit{In vivo}$ fundus imaging and computational refocusing with a diffuser-based fundus camera </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Simmerer,+C">Corey Simmerer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morakis,+M">Marisa Morakis</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tian,+L">Lei Tian</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gomez-Perez,+L">Lia Gomez-Perez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu,+T+A">T.Y. Alvin Liu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Durr,+N+J">Nicholas J. Durr</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span>; Medical Physics (physics.med-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Significance: Access to diagnostic eye care could be expanded with high-throughput and easy-to-use tools. Phase mask-based imaging may improve the fundus camera by enabling computational refocusing with no moving parts. While phase mask-based imaging has been demonstrated in a model eye, this approach has not been shown $\textit{in vivo}$. <br>Aim: A computational fundus camera was designed, constructed, and evaluated with the goal of determining the feasibility and performance of phase mask-based computational imaging of the $\textit{in vivo}$ fundus. <br>Approach: A holographic diffuser was introduced in a modified commercial fundus camera at a plane conjugate to the ocular pupil, resulting in a linear and shift-invariant point spread function that varies with refractive error. The image could be digitally refocused across a range of $\geq\pm$ 10 diopters of defocus error. The device was tested for ocular safety, and a human imaging pilot study was performed. <br>Results: The device captured and digitally refocused color human fundus images. The field of view was $\geq$35 degrees and resolution was 7.7-9.6 line pairs per mm. <br>Conclusions: We present the first $\textit{in vivo}$ diffuser-based fundus images, demonstrating the feasibility of computational imaging for ocular diagnostics. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item97'>[97]</a> <a href ="/abs/2406.15607" title="Abstract" id="2406.15607"> arXiv:2406.15607 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2406.15607" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2406.15607" aria-labelledby="pdf-2406.15607">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2406.15607v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2406.15607" aria-labelledby="html-2406.15607" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2406.15607" title="Other formats" id="oth-2406.15607" aria-labelledby="oth-2406.15607">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Features of alkali D$_2$ line magnetically-induced transitions excited under 蟺-polarized laser radiation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sargsyan,+A">A. Sargsyan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Klinger,+E">E. Klinger</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Amiryan,+A">A. Amiryan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sarkisyan,+D">D. Sarkisyan</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The impact of the optical field polarization on the spectrum of magnetically-induced transitions, a class of transitions forbidden at zero magnetic field, is studied with a weak-probe sub-Doppler technique. The high spectral resolution of the technique combined with the simplicity in interpreting the observed spectra, allows to follow the behavior of individual transitions as a function of the magnetic field amplitude. We observe only one intense transition (out of $2F_g+1$, where F is the quantum number associated with the total angular momentum of the atom) in the case of linear ($\pi$) polarization (a configuration where the applied magnetic field is parallel to the electric field from the laser radiation) in the $F_g\rightarrow F_g+2$ manifolds of $^{85}$Rb, $^{87}$Rb and $^{133}$Cs for fields above a few hundreds of gauss. We show that this behavior is in agreement with a model based on the diagonalization of the Zeeman Hamiltonian matrix. With the rapid development of micro-machined vapor-cell-based sensors these results will be of use to magnetometers operating above Earth field, wide-range laser frequency stabilization systems and atomic Faraday filters. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item98'>[98]</a> <a href ="/abs/2407.06073" title="Abstract" id="2407.06073"> arXiv:2407.06073 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2407.06073" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2407.06073" aria-labelledby="pdf-2407.06073">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2407.06073v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2407.06073" aria-labelledby="html-2407.06073" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2407.06073" title="Other formats" id="oth-2407.06073" aria-labelledby="oth-2407.06073">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantum control of ion-atom collisions beyond the ultracold regime </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Walewski,+M+Z">Maks Z. Walewski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Frye,+M+D">Matthew D. Frye</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Katz,+O">Or Katz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pinkas,+M">Meirav Pinkas</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ozeri,+R">Roee Ozeri</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Tomza,+M">Micha艂 Tomza</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 10 pages, 3 figures, and Supplementary information (including 3 supplementary figures and 1 supplementary data as an .xlsx file) </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> Science Adv. 11, eadr8256 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)</span>; Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Tunable scattering resonances are crucial for controlling atomic and molecular systems. However, their use has so far been limited to ultracold temperatures. These conditions remain hard to achieve for most hybrid trapped ion-atom systems -- a prospective platform for quantum technologies and fundamental research. Here we measure inelastic collision probabilities for ${\text{Sr}^++\text{Rb}}$ and use them to calibrate a comprehensive theoretical model of ion-atom collisions. Our theoretical results, compared with experimental observations, confirm that quantum interference effects persist to the multiple-partial-wave regime, leading to the pronounced state and mass dependence of the collision rates. Using our model, we go beyond interference and identify a rich spectrum of Feshbach resonances at moderate magnetic fields with the Rb atom in its lower ($f=1$) hyperfine state, which persist at temperatures as high as 1 mK. Future observation of these predicted resonances should allow precise control of the short-range dynamics in ${\text{Sr}^+}+{\text{Rb}}$ collisions under unprecedentedly warm conditions. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item99'>[99]</a> <a href ="/abs/2407.20776" title="Abstract" id="2407.20776"> arXiv:2407.20776 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2407.20776" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2407.20776" aria-labelledby="pdf-2407.20776">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2407.20776" title="Other formats" id="oth-2407.20776" aria-labelledby="oth-2407.20776">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Evaporation limited spreading of ethanol on rectangular porous strips: an experimental and theoretical investigation </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Murthy,+R+S+C">Rampally Srirama Chandra Murthy</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kumar,+N">Navneet Kumar</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 40 pages, 19 figures </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> International Journal of Thermal Sciences 210 (2025): 109619 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Wicking is a widely studied process in both natural and artificial systems. In many industrial applications, such as heat pipes, the wicking liquid evaporates to regulate temperature effectively. This study focuses on a simpler scenario where liquid ethanol climbs a vertically oriented filter paper FP under laboratory conditions, facilitating mass loss through evaporation and inducing cooling. Three filter papers with different permeability values were used, and three diagnostic methods optical imaging, thermal imaging, and precision weighing were employed to understand the dynamics of the process. The results showed a steady state height Lc significantly lower than Jurins limit in all cases, indicating that evaporative mass loss, and not gravity, limits the process. For instance, the filter paper 1005FP, with a capillary radius of 59microm and an average pore size of 2.50microm, would reach a Jurins height of 9.6cm with ethanol if evaporation were not allowed. However, when evaporation occurred, the height reduced to 1.2cm, an eightfold decrease, a similar reduction by a factor of 3 was observed for 1004FP. Further, thermal imaging revealed a non constant temperature distribution along the filter paper, with an unusual temperature inversion near the middle of the wicking liquid. This observation led to an improvement of the Constant Evaporation Model CEM by Fries et al 2008 by accounting for the nonlinear behavior of evaporation rates varying with vertical position. This new model termed the Non-Constant Evaporation Model NCEM, tested two power-law relations for evaporation rates , both of which successfully captured the key features of the process. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item100'>[100]</a> <a href ="/abs/2407.21599" title="Abstract" id="2407.21599"> arXiv:2407.21599 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2407.21599" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2407.21599" aria-labelledby="pdf-2407.21599">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2407.21599v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2407.21599" aria-labelledby="html-2407.21599" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2407.21599" title="Other formats" id="oth-2407.21599" aria-labelledby="oth-2407.21599">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> On the convergence of bootstrap current to the Shaing-Callen limit in stellarators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Albert,+C+G">Christopher G. Albert</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Beidler,+C+D">Craig D. Beidler</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kapper,+G">Gernot Kapper</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kasilov,+S+V">Sergei V. Kasilov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kernbichler,+W">Winfried Kernbichler</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 64 pages, 31 figures, talk at European Fusion Theory Conference 2023, Padua </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Bootstrap current in stellarators can be presented as a sum of a collisionless value given by the Shaing-Callen asymptotic formula and an off-set current, which non-trivially depends on plasma collisionality and radial electric field. Using NEO-2 modelling, analytical estimates and semi-analytical studies with help of a propagator method, it is shown that the off-set current in the $1/\nu$ regime does not converge with decreasing collisionality $\nu_\ast$ but rather shows oscillations over $\log\nu_\ast$ with an amplitude of the order of the bootstrap current in an equivalent tokamak. The convergence to the Shaing-Callen limit appears in regimes with significant orbit precession, in particular, due to a finite radial electric field, where the off-set current decreases as $\nu_\ast^{3/5}$. The off-set current strongly increases in case of nearly aligned magnetic field maxima on the field line where it diverges as $\nu_\ast^{-1/2}$ in the $1/\nu$ regime and saturates due to the precession at a level exceeding the equivalent tokamak value by ${v_E^\ast}^{-1/2}$ where $v_E^\ast$ is the perpendicular Mach number. The latter off-set, however, can be minimized by further aligning local magnetic field maxima and by fulfilling an extra integral condition of ``equivalent ripples'' for the magnetic field. A criterion for the accuracy of this alignment and of ripple equivalence is derived. In addition, the possibility of the bootstrap effect at the magnetic axis caused by the above off-set is also discussed. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item101'>[101]</a> <a href ="/abs/2408.03100" title="Abstract" id="2408.03100"> arXiv:2408.03100 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2408.03100" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2408.03100" aria-labelledby="pdf-2408.03100">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2408.03100v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2408.03100" aria-labelledby="html-2408.03100" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2408.03100" title="Other formats" id="oth-2408.03100" aria-labelledby="oth-2408.03100">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Huge Ensembles Part I: Design of Ensemble Weather Forecasts using Spherical Fourier Neural Operators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mahesh,+A">Ankur Mahesh</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Collins,+W">William Collins</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bonev,+B">Boris Bonev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Brenowitz,+N">Noah Brenowitz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cohen,+Y">Yair Cohen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Elms,+J">Joshua Elms</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Harrington,+P">Peter Harrington</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kashinath,+K">Karthik Kashinath</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kurth,+T">Thorsten Kurth</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=North,+J">Joshua North</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=OBrien,+T">Travis OBrien</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pritchard,+M">Michael Pritchard</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pruitt,+D">David Pruitt</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Risser,+M">Mark Risser</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Subramanian,+S">Shashank Subramanian</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Willard,+J">Jared Willard</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)</span>; Machine Learning (cs.LG) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Studying low-likelihood high-impact extreme weather events in a warming world is a significant and challenging task for current ensemble forecasting systems. While these systems presently use up to 100 members, larger ensembles could enrich the sampling of internal variability. They may capture the long tails associated with climate hazards better than traditional ensemble sizes. Due to computational constraints, it is infeasible to generate huge ensembles (comprised of 1,000-10,000 members) with traditional, physics-based numerical models. In this two-part paper, we replace traditional numerical simulations with machine learning (ML) to generate hindcasts of huge ensembles. In Part I, we construct an ensemble weather forecasting system based on Spherical Fourier Neural Operators (SFNO), and we discuss important design decisions for constructing such an ensemble. The ensemble represents model uncertainty through perturbed-parameter techniques, and it represents initial condition uncertainty through bred vectors, which sample the fastest growing modes of the forecast. Using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) as a baseline, we develop an evaluation pipeline composed of mean, spectral, and extreme diagnostics. Using large-scale, distributed SFNOs with 1.1 billion learned parameters, we achieve calibrated probabilistic forecasts. As the trajectories of the individual members diverge, the ML ensemble mean spectra degrade with lead time, consistent with physical expectations. However, the individual ensemble members' spectra stay constant with lead time. Therefore, these members simulate realistic weather states, and the ML ensemble thus passes a crucial spectral test in the literature. The IFS and ML ensembles have similar Extreme Forecast Indices, and we show that the ML extreme weather forecasts are reliable and discriminating. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item102'>[102]</a> <a href ="/abs/2408.07858" title="Abstract" id="2408.07858"> arXiv:2408.07858 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2408.07858" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2408.07858" aria-labelledby="pdf-2408.07858">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2408.07858v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2408.07858" aria-labelledby="html-2408.07858" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2408.07858" title="Other formats" id="oth-2408.07858" aria-labelledby="oth-2408.07858">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Non-iterative Triples for Transcorrelated Coupled Cluster Theory </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=M%C3%B6rchen,+M">Maximilian M枚rchen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Baiardi,+A">Alberto Baiardi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lesiuk,+M">Micha艂 Lesiuk</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Reiher,+M">Markus Reiher</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 39 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)</span>; Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el); Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We present an implementation of a perturbative triples correction for the coupled cluster ansatz including single and double excitations based on the transcorrelated Hamiltonian. Transcorrelation introduces explicit electron correlation in the electronic Hamiltonian through similarity transformation with a correlation factor. Due to this transformation, the transcorrelated Hamiltonian includes up to three-body couplings and becomes non-Hermitian. Since the conventional coupled cluster equations are solved by projection, it is well suited to harbor non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. The arising three-body operator, however, creates a huge memory bottleneck and increases the runtime scaling of the coupled cluster equations. As it has been shown that the three-body operator can be approximated, by expressing the Hamiltonian in the normal-ordered form, we investigate this approximation for the perturbative triples correction. Results are compared with a code-generation based transcorrelated coupled cluster implementation up to quadruple excitations. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item103'>[103]</a> <a href ="/abs/2410.18485" title="Abstract" id="2410.18485"> arXiv:2410.18485 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2410.18485" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2410.18485" aria-labelledby="pdf-2410.18485">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2410.18485v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2410.18485" aria-labelledby="html-2410.18485" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2410.18485" title="Other formats" id="oth-2410.18485" aria-labelledby="oth-2410.18485">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> On the localization of the high-intensity region of simultaneous space-time foci </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Archer,+E">Emily Archer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sun,+B">Bangshan Sun</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Walczak,+R">Roman Walczak</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Booth,+M">Martin Booth</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hooker,+S">Simon Hooker</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Simultaneous space-time focusing (SSTF) is sometimes claimed to reduce the longitudinal extent of the high-intensity region near the focus, in contradiction to the original work on this topic. Here we seek to address this confusion by using numerical and analytical methods to investigate the degree of localization of the spatio-temporal intensity of an SSTF pulse. The analytical method is found to be in excellent agreement with numerical calculations and yields, for bi-Gaussian input pulses, expressions for the three-dimensional spatio-temporal intensity profile of the SSTF pulse, and for the on-axis bandwidth, pulse duration, and pulse-front tilt (PFT) of the SSTF pulse. To provide further insight, we propose a method for determining the transverse input profile of a non-SSTF pulse with equivalent spatial focusing. We find that the longitudinal variations of the peak axial intensities of the SSTF and spatially equivalent (SE) pulses are the same, apart from a constant factor, and hence that SSTF does not constrain the region of high intensity more than a non-SSTF pulse with equivalent focusing. We demonstrate that a simplistic method for calculating the pulse intensity exaggerates the degree of intensity localization, unless the spatio-temporal couplings inherent to SSTF pulses are accounted for. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item104'>[104]</a> <a href ="/abs/2501.13755" title="Abstract" id="2501.13755"> arXiv:2501.13755 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2501.13755" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2501.13755" aria-labelledby="pdf-2501.13755">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2501.13755v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2501.13755" aria-labelledby="html-2501.13755" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2501.13755" title="Other formats" id="oth-2501.13755" aria-labelledby="oth-2501.13755">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> The Impact of Helium Exposure on the PMTs of the SuperNEMO Experiment </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=SuperNEMO+Collaboration">SuperNEMO Collaboration</a>: <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Aguerre,+X">X. Aguerre</a> (1 &amp; 2), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Barabash,+A">A.S. Barabash</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Basharina-Freshville,+A">A. Basharina-Freshville</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bongrand,+M">M. Bongrand</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bourgeois,+C">Ch. Bourgeois</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Breton,+D">D. Breton</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Breier,+R">R. Breier</a> (6), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Busto,+J">J. Busto</a> (7), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cerna,+C">C. Cerna</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ceschia,+M">M. Ceschia</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chauveau,+E">E. Chauveau</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chopra,+A">A. Chopra</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dawson,+L">L. Dawson</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Duchesneau,+D">D. Duchesneau</a> (8), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Evans,+J">J.J. Evans</a> (9), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Filosofov,+D">D. Filosofov</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Garrido,+X">X. Garrido</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Girard-Carillo,+C">C. Girard-Carillo</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Granjon,+M">M. Granjon</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hoballah,+M">M. Hoballah</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hod%C3%A1k,+R">R. Hod谩k</a> (11), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Horner,+G">G. Horner</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hussain,+M">M.H. Hussain</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Islam,+A">A. Islam</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=J%C3%A9r%C3%A9mie,+A">A. J茅r茅mie</a> (8), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Jullian,+S">S. Jullian</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kaizer,+J">J. Kaizer</a> (6), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Klimenko,+A">A. Klimenko</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kochetov,+O">O. Kochetov</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ko%C5%88a%C5%99%C3%ADk,+F">F. Ko艌a艡铆k</a> (11 &amp; 12), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Konovalov,+S">S.I. Konovalov</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=K%C5%99i%C5%BE%C3%A1k,+T">T. K艡i啪谩k</a> (11 &amp; 12), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kovalenko,+S">S. Kovalenko</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lahaie,+A">A. Lahaie</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lang,+K">K. Lang</a> (13), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lemi%C3%A8re,+Y">Y. Lemi猫re</a> (10), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Li,+P">P. Li</a> (2), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Maalmi,+J">J. Maalmi</a> (5), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Macko,+M">M. Macko</a> (11), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mamedov,+F">F. Mamedov</a> (11), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Marquet,+C">C. Marquet</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mauger,+F">F. Mauger</a> (10), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mendl,+A">A. Mendl</a> (11 &amp; 14), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Morgan,+B">B. Morgan</a> (15), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nemchenok,+I">I. Nemchenok</a> (3), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nomachi,+M">M. Nomachi</a> (16), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Palu%C5%A1ov%C3%A1,+V">V. Palu拧ov谩</a> (11), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Patrick,+C">C. Patrick</a> (2), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Pavicic,+T">T. Pavicic</a> (4), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Perrot,+F">F. Perrot</a> (1), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Petro,+M">M. Petro</a> (6 &amp; 11), <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piquemal,+F">F. Piquemal</a> ((1), P. Povinec (6), S. Pratt (2), M. Proga (13), W.S. Quinn (4), Y.A. Ramachers (15), C.L. Riddle (17), N. Rukhadze (3), R. Saakyan (4), R. Salazar (13), J. Sedgbeer (18), Yu. Shitov (11), L. Simard (5), F. 艩imkovic (6 &amp; 11), A. Smolnikov (3), S. S枚ldner-Rembold (9 &amp; 18), I. 艩tekl (11), J. Suhonen (19), H. Tedjditi (7), J. Thomas (4), V. Timkin (3), V.I. Tretyak (3), Vl.I. Tretyak (20 &amp; 21), G. Turnbull (2), V.I. Umatov (3), Y. Vereshchaka (3), D. Waters (4), (1) Universit茅 de Bordeaux, CNRS/IN2P3, LP2i Bordeaux, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France, (2) University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom, (3) Participant in the NEMO-3/SuperNEMO collaboration, (4) University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, (5) Universit茅 Paris-Saclay, CNRS, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France, (6) Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, SK-842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia, (7) Aix-Marseille Universit茅, CNRS, CPPM, F-13288 Marseille, France, (8) Universit茅 de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, LAPP, UMR 5814, F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux, France, (9) University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom, (10) Universit茅 de Caen Normandie, ENSICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC Caen UMR6534, F-14000 Caen, France, (11) Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, CZ-11000 Prague, Czech Republic, (12) Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Brehova, 7 115, Czech Republic, (13) University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, U.S.A., (14) Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, CZ-12116, Prague, Czech Republic, (15) University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, (16) Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, (17) Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, U.S.A., (18) Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, (19) Jyv盲skyl盲 University, FIN-40351 Jyv盲skyl盲, Finland, (20) Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine, (21) INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, 67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy)</div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)</span>; Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The performance of Hamamatsu 8" photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) of the type used in the SuperNEMO neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment (R5912-MOD), is investigated as a function of exposure to helium (He) gas. Two PMTs were monitored for over a year, one exposed to varying concentrations of He, and the other kept in standard atmospheric conditions as a control. Both PMTs were exposed to light signals generated by a Bi-207 radioactive source that provided consistent large input PMT signals similar to those that are typical of the SuperNEMO experiment. The energy resolution of PMT signals corresponding to 1 MeV energy scale determined from the Bi-207 decay spectrum, shows a negligible degradation with He exposure; however the rate of after-pulsing shows a clear increase with He exposure, which is modelled and compared to diffusion theory. A method for reconstructing the partial pressure of He within the PMT and a method for determining the He breakdown point, are introduced. The implications for long-term SuperNEMO operations are briefly discussed. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item105'>[105]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.04694" title="Abstract" id="2502.04694"> arXiv:2502.04694 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.04694" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.04694" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.04694">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.04694" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.04694" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.04694">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Nonlinear Chiroptical Effect in Refractory Plasmonic Molybdenum Metasurface: Chiral Saturated Absorption and Chiral Reverse Saturable Absorption </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yu,+P">Peng Yu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Liu,+T">Tianji Liu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu,+Y">Yuxuan Zhu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lin,+F">Feng Lin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yue,+S">Shuai Yue</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Takahara,+J">Junichi Takahara</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ding,+T">Tao Ding</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu,+H">Hongxing Xu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Govorov,+A">Alexander Govorov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+Z">Zhiming Wang</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Optics (physics.optics)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The absorptive chiral metasurface shows evidence of giant nonlinear chiroptical effects, including chiral third harmonic generation, chiral saturated absorption, and chiral reverse saturable absorption. We finally demonstrate proof of concept circular polarized light limiter based on the refractory chiral Mo metasurface and paves the way for nonlinear chiral sensing, nonlinear hot electron generation, and XOR gate of the all-optical full-adder, showcasing the potential of refractory chiral Mo metasurfaces in overcoming the limitations of traditional chiral plasmonic materials. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item106'>[106]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.04765" title="Abstract" id="2502.04765"> arXiv:2502.04765 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.04765" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.04765" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.04765">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.04765" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.04765" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.04765">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Statistical Methods and Modal Decompositions for Gridded and Scattered Data: Meshless Statistics and Meshless Data Driven Modal Analysis </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mendez,+M+A">Miguel A. Mendez</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ratz,+M">Manuel Ratz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Rigutto,+D">Damien Rigutto</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Book in preparation! Chapter from VKI Lecture Series "Particle Image Velocimetry 2024", held at the von Karman Institute, 2-5 December 2024 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Statistical tools are crucial for studying and modeling turbulent flows, where chaotic velocity fluctuations span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Advances in image velocimetry, especially in tracking-based methods, now allow for high-speed, high-density particle image processing, enabling the collection of detailed 3D flow fields. This lecture provides a set of tutorials on processing such datasets to extract essential quantities like averages, second-order moments (turbulent stresses) and coherent patterns using modal decompositions such as the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). After a brief review of the fundamentals of statistical and modal analysis, the lecture delves into the challenges of processing scattered data from tracking velocimetry, comparing it to traditional gridded-data approaches. It also covers research topics, including physics-based Radial Basis Function (RBF) regression for meshless computation of turbulent statistics and the definition of an RBF inner product, which enables meshless computation of data-driven decompositions. These include traditional methods like Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD), as well as advanced variants such as Spectral POD (SPOD) and Multiscale POD (mPOD). We refer to this approach as the "Meshless Data-Driven Decomposition" framework. All codes are available at <a href="https://github.com/mendezVKI/PIV_LS_2024_Signal" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-https">this https URL</a> </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item107'>[107]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.06576" title="Abstract" id="2502.06576"> arXiv:2502.06576 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.06576" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.06576" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.06576">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.06576v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.06576" aria-labelledby="html-2502.06576" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.06576" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.06576" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.06576">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Impact of Tracking Resolutions on $蠒$-Meson Spin Alignment Measurement </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Robertson,+C">C.W. Robertson</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Feng,+Y">Yicheng Feng</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+F">Fuqiang Wang</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 7 pages, 6 Figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)</span>; Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Measurements of global spin alignment of vector mesons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions can provide unique insights into spin-orbit interactions and vector meson dynamics in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) produced in those collisions. The global spin alignment is measured by the $00^{\rm th}$ coefficient of the spin density matrix, $\rho_{00}$, via the polar angle ($\theta^{*}$) of the decay-daughter momentum in the parent rest frame with respect to the direction of the orbital angular momentum of the collision. Such measurements are affected by the angular and momentum resolutions of the reconstructed tracks in the experiment. Such effects are nontrivial because of kinematic complications caused by the boost to the parent rest frame, and could be important given that the global spin alignment signal is weak. In this paper, we investigate the effects of experimental tracking resolutions on measurements of the $\phi$(1020) meson $\rho_{00}$. We study these effects for two methods of $\rho_{00}$ measurements, the conventional method analyzing the $\phi$-meson yield versus $\cos^2 \theta^*$ and the invariant mass ($m_{\rm inv}$) method utilizing $\langle\cos^2\theta^*\rangle$ versus $m_{\rm inv}$. Using typical resolution values from experiments, we find that the effect of track resolution on $\rho_{00}$ is small, well within typical measurement uncertainties. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item108'>[108]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.10832" title="Abstract" id="2502.10832"> arXiv:2502.10832 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.10832" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.10832" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.10832">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.10832v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.10832" aria-labelledby="html-2502.10832" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.10832" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.10832" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.10832">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Supersonic flow kinetics: Mesoscale structures, thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects and entropy production mechanisms </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gan,+Y">Yanbiao Gan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhuang,+Z">Zhaowen Zhuang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Yang,+B">Bin Yang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Xu,+A">Aiguo Xu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+D">Dejia Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chen,+F">Feng Chen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song,+J">Jiahui Song</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wu,+Y">Yanhong Wu</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 56 pages, 21 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Supersonic flow is a typical nonlinear, nonequilibrium, multiscale, and complex phenomenon. This paper applies discrete Boltzmann method/model (DBM) to simulate and analyze these characteristics. A Burnett-level DBM for supersonic flow is constructed based on the Shakhov-BGK model. Higher-order analytical expressions for thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects are derived, providing a constitutive basis for improving traditional macroscopic hydrodynamics modeling. Criteria for evaluating the validity of DBM are established by comparing numerical and analytical solutions of nonequilibrium measures. The multiscale DBM is used to investigate discrete/nonequilibrium characteristics and entropy production mechanisms in shock regular reflection. The findings include: (a) Compared to NS-level DBM, the Burnett-level DBM offers more accurate representations of viscous stress and heat flux, ensures non-negativity of entropy production in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics, and exhibits better numerical stability. (b) Near the interfaces of incident and reflected shock waves, strong nonequilibrium driving forces lead to prominent nonequilibrium effects. By monitoring the timing and location of peak nonequilibrium quantities, the evolution characteristics of incident and reflected shock waves can be accurately and dynamically tracked. (c) In the intermediate state, the bent reflected shock and incident shock interface are wider and exhibit lower nonequilibrium intensities compared to their final state. (d) The Mach number enhances various kinds of nonequilibrium intensities in a power-law manner $D_{mn} \sim \mathtt{Ma}^\alpha $. The power exponent $\alpha$ and kinetic modes of nonequilibrium effects $m$ follows a logarithmic relation $\alpha \sim \ln (m - m_0)$. This research provides new perspectives and kinetic insights into supersonic flow studies. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item109'>[109]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.11206" title="Abstract" id="2502.11206"> arXiv:2502.11206 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.11206" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.11206" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.11206">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.11206v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.11206" aria-labelledby="html-2502.11206" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.11206" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.11206" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.11206">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Vortex Dynamics in Tubular Fluid Membranes </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Maurya,+U">Udaya Maurya</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gavva,+S+T">Surya Teja Gavva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Saha,+A">Arpan Saha</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Samanta,+R">Rickmoy Samanta</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)</span>; Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft); Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We construct 2D viscous flow sourced by a point vortex embedded in a thin tubular membrane, coupled to external embedding fluids. The cylinder topology enforces the creation of an additional saddle in the flow field, consistent with Poincar茅 Index Theorem. In this setup, the incompressibility of the membrane fluid can be utilized to cast the dynamics of a multi-vortex system in the form of a Hamiltonian on the cylinder, which depends on the fluid viscosities and vortex strengths. The cylinder geometry breaks the in-plane rotational symmetry of the membrane and leads to several interesting features in the multi-vortex dynamics, distinct from flat and spherical fluid membranes. For a two vortex system of same circulation, we observe closed orbits with the inter-vortex separation oscillating in time. The compact angular direction of the membrane tube also allows two distinct closed orbits instead of one, under suitable initial conditions. Vortex pairs (vortices with opposite circulation) move together along helical geodesics in accordance with a conjecture by Kimura, Proceedings of the Royal Society A, Vol 455 (1999). We also explore relative equilibria of multi-vortex systems in this setup and demonstrate vortex leapfrogging via numerical simulations. Our results will be interesting in the context of microfluidic flows arising in nature as well as experimental studies in membrane tubes similar to PNAS 108 (31) 12605-12610 (2011). </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item110'>[110]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.11523" title="Abstract" id="2502.11523"> arXiv:2502.11523 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.11523" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.11523" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.11523">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.11523" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.11523" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.11523">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> AI-Assisted Thin Section Image Processing for Pore-Throat Characterization in Tight Clastic Rocks </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Risha,+M">Muhammad Risha</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 18 pages, 8 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> The characterization of pore-throat structures in tight sandstones is crucial for understanding fluid flow in hydrocarbon reservoirs and groundwater systems. Both thin-section and Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure (MICP) offer insights rock petrophysical parameters. However, thin-section analysis is limited by its 2D nature and subjective interpretation, while MICP provides 3D pore-throat distributions, it lacks direct visualization of pore morphology. This study evaluates AI-assisted thin-section image analysis for pore-throat characterization by comparing its results to MICP-derived measurements. A machine learning-based workflow was developed using color thresholding, K-Means clustering, and medial axis transformation to segment pore structures in thin-section images. Throat width, porosity, and permeability were quantitatively assessed against MICP to determine the accuracy and reliability of the technique. The analysis of 26 sandstone samples outlined differences between the two methods. Thin-section analysis showed porosity values from 1.37% to 53.37%, with average pore-throat sizes between 5.63 micron and 30.09 micron, while permeability estimates ranged from 0.01 mD to 344.35 mD. Correlation analysis showed moderate agreement for throat size (r=0.62) and permeability (r=0.61), but weaker for porosity (r=0.32), highlighting the differences in how each method captures pore connectivity. Results demonstrate that the AI-assisted segmentation provides a scalable and reproducible approach but is constrained by thin-section imaging resolution. While MICP remains reliable for permeability evaluation, its comparison with AI-driven image analysis helps assess the reliability of the method. Future research should refine segmentation algorithms, incorporate pretrained data to validate AI-derived pore-throat attributes for improved reservoir quality assessment and predictive modeling. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item111'>[111]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.12006" title="Abstract" id="2502.12006"> arXiv:2502.12006 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.12006" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.12006" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.12006">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.12006v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.12006" aria-labelledby="html-2502.12006" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.12006" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.12006" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.12006">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Scaling of Street Network Centrality with City Population </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fagundes,+R+L">R. L. Fagundes</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Piva,+G+G">G. G. Piva</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mata,+A+S">A. S. Mata</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ribeiro,+F+L">F. L. Ribeiro</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)</span> </div> <p class='mathjax'> Urban scaling laws reveal how cities evolve as their populations grow, yet the role of street network accessibility in this process remains underexplored. We analyze over 5,000 Brazilian cities to establish a scaling law linking average closeness centrality $\langle c_C\rangle$ -- a measure of structural accessibility in street networks-to population size N . Our results demonstrate that $\langle c_C\rangle$ decays sublinearly as $N^{-\sigma}$ ($\sigma \approx 0.38$), indicating that larger cities redistribute accessibility from cores to peripheries while maintaining navigability through hierarchical shortcuts. This scaling arises from the fractal interplay between infrastructure and population, characterized by a network dimension $d \approx 2.17$, which exceeds that of a 2D grid. The slower decline in closeness centrality ($\sigma < 0.5$) reflects a trade-off: urban expansion reduces proximity but enhances connectivity through optimized path diversity, fostering economic dynamism. By integrating the Molinero & Thurner model with network centrality metrics, we provide a framework to reconcile infrastructure efficiency with equitable accessibility in growing cities. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item112'>[112]</a> <a href ="/abs/2209.12732" title="Abstract" id="2209.12732"> arXiv:2209.12732 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2209.12732" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2209.12732" aria-labelledby="pdf-2209.12732">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2209.12732v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2209.12732" aria-labelledby="html-2209.12732" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2209.12732" title="Other formats" id="oth-2209.12732" aria-labelledby="oth-2209.12732">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> The Effect of Non-Gaussian Noise on Auto-correlative Weak-value Amplification </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hu,+X">Xiang-Yun Hu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Huang,+J">Jing-Hui Huang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=He,+F">Fei-Fan He</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+G">Guang-Jun Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Dada,+A+C">Adetunmise C. Dada</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 22 pages,8 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Optics (physics.optics) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Accurate knowledge of the spectral features of noise and their influence on open quantum systems is fundamental for quantitative understanding and prediction of the dynamics in a realistic environment. For the weak measurements of two-level systems, the weak value obtained from experiments will inevitably be affected by the noise of the environment. Following our earlier work on the technique of the auto-correlative weak-value amplification (AWVA) approach under a Gaussian noise environment, here we study the effect of non-Gaussian noise on the AWVA <a href="http://technique.In" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-http">this http URL</a> particular, two types of noise with a negative-dB signal-to-noise ratio, frequency-stationary noises and frequency-nonstationary noises are studied. The various frequency-stationary noises, including low-frequency (1/f) noises, medium-frequency noises, and high-frequency noises, are generated in Simulink by translating the Gaussian white noise with different band-pass filters. While impulsive noise is studied as an example of frequency-non stationary noises. Our simulated results demonstrate that 1/f noises and impulsive noises have greater disturbance on the AWVA measurements. In addition, adding one kind of frequency-stationary noise, clamping the detected signals, and dominating the measurement range may have the potential to improve the precision of the AWVA technique with both a smaller deviation of the mean value and a smaller error bar in the presence of many hostile non-Gaussian noises. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item113'>[113]</a> <a href ="/abs/2210.10376" title="Abstract" id="2210.10376"> arXiv:2210.10376 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2210.10376" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2210.10376" aria-labelledby="pdf-2210.10376">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2210.10376v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2210.10376" aria-labelledby="html-2210.10376" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2210.10376" title="Other formats" id="oth-2210.10376" aria-labelledby="oth-2210.10376">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Superlens with copper and copper oxide </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Ziemkiewicz,+D">David Ziemkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Karpi%C5%84ski,+K">Karol Karpi艅ski</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Raczy%C5%84ska,+S+Z+-">Sylwia Zieli艅ska - Raczy艅ska</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 8 pages, 9 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)</span>; Optics (physics.optics) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We investigate the imaging properties of copper-based superlens surrounded by copper oxide (Cu$_2$O). A subwavelength image resolution of the order $\lambda/9$ is demonstrated theoretically and verified in numerical simulations. It is shown that the existence of excitons in Cu$_2$O influence the static and dynamical optical properties of the lens. In particular, an improvement of image quality caused by absorption in the spectral region of excitonic resonances is investigated. The plasmon-exciton interaction in the system may pave the way to a tunable, highly nonlinear superlens designs. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item114'>[114]</a> <a href ="/abs/2401.08878" title="Abstract" id="2401.08878"> arXiv:2401.08878 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2401.08878" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2401.08878" aria-labelledby="pdf-2401.08878">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2401.08878v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2401.08878" aria-labelledby="html-2401.08878" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2401.08878" title="Other formats" id="oth-2401.08878" aria-labelledby="oth-2401.08878">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> A Survey on Hypergraph Mining: Patterns, Tools, and Generators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lee,+G">Geon Lee</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bu,+F">Fanchen Bu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Eliassi-Rad,+T">Tina Eliassi-Rad</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Shin,+K">Kijung Shin</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> To be published in ACM Computing Survey </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)</span>; Databases (cs.DB); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Hypergraphs, which belong to the family of higher-order networks, are a natural and powerful choice for modeling group interactions in the real world. For example, when modeling collaboration networks, which may involve not just two but three or more people, the use of hypergraphs allows us to explore beyond pairwise (dyadic) patterns and capture groupwise (polyadic) patterns. The mathematical complexity of hypergraphs offers both opportunities and challenges for hypergraph mining. The goal of hypergraph mining is to find structural properties recurring in real-world hypergraphs across different domains, which we call patterns. To find patterns, we need tools. We divide hypergraph mining tools into three categories: (1) null models (which help test the significance of observed patterns), (2) structural elements (i.e., substructures in a hypergraph such as open and closed triangles), and (3) structural quantities (i.e., numerical tools for computing hypergraph patterns such as transitivity). There are also hypergraph generators, whose objective is to produce synthetic hypergraphs that are a faithful representation of real-world hypergraphs. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of hypergraph mining, covering patterns, tools, and generators. We provide comprehensive taxonomies for each and offer in-depth discussions for future research on hypergraph mining. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item115'>[115]</a> <a href ="/abs/2405.03750" title="Abstract" id="2405.03750"> arXiv:2405.03750 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2405.03750" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2405.03750" aria-labelledby="pdf-2405.03750">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2405.03750v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2405.03750" aria-labelledby="html-2405.03750" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2405.03750" title="Other formats" id="oth-2405.03750" aria-labelledby="oth-2405.03750">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Anatomy of Higher-Order Non-Hermitian Skin and Boundary Modes </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Yang,+F">Fan Yang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Bergholtz,+E+J">Emil J. Bergholtz</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 27 pages, 14 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)</span>; Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The anomalous bulk-boundary correspondence in non-Hermitian systems featuring an intricate interplay between skin and boundary modes has attracted enormous theoretical and experimental attention. Still, in dimensions higher than one, this interplay remains much less understood. Here we provide insights from exact analytical solutions of a large class of models in any dimension, $d$, with open boundaries in $d_c \le d$ directions and by tracking their topological origin. Specifically, we show that Amoeba theory accounting for the separation gaps of the bulk modes augmented with higher-dimensional generalizations of the biorthogonal polarization and the generalized Brillouin zone approaches accounting for the surface gaps of boundary modes provide a comprehensive understanding of these systems. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item116'>[116]</a> <a href ="/abs/2405.07764" title="Abstract" id="2405.07764"> arXiv:2405.07764 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2405.07764" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2405.07764" aria-labelledby="pdf-2405.07764">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2405.07764v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2405.07764" aria-labelledby="html-2405.07764" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2405.07764" title="Other formats" id="oth-2405.07764" aria-labelledby="oth-2405.07764">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> LGDE: Local Graph-based Dictionary Expansion </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Schindler,+D+J">Dominik J. Schindler</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Jha,+S">Sneha Jha</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Zhang,+X">Xixuan Zhang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Buehling,+K">Kilian Buehling</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Heft,+A">Annett Heft</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Barahona,+M">Mauricio Barahona</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Python code available at: <a href="https://github.com/barahona-research-group/LGDE" rel="external noopener nofollow" class="link-external link-https">this https URL</a> </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Computation and Language (cs.CL)</span>; Social and Information Networks (cs.SI); Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We present Local Graph-based Dictionary Expansion (LGDE), a method for data-driven discovery of the semantic neighbourhood of words using tools from manifold learning and network science. At the heart of LGDE lies the creation of a word similarity graph from the geometry of word embeddings followed by local community detection based on graph diffusion. The diffusion in the local graph manifold allows the exploration of the complex nonlinear geometry of word embeddings to capture word similarities based on paths of semantic association, over and above direct pairwise similarities. Exploiting such semantic neighbourhoods enables the expansion of dictionaries of pre-selected keywords, an important step for tasks in information retrieval, such as database queries and online data collection. We validate LGDE on two user-generated English-language corpora and show that LGDE enriches the list of keywords with improved performance relative to methods based on direct word similarities or co-occurrences. We further demonstrate our method through a real-world use case from communication science, where LGDE is evaluated quantitatively on the expansion of a conspiracy-related dictionary from online data collected and analysed by domain experts. Our empirical results and expert user assessment indicate that LGDE expands the seed dictionary with more useful keywords due to the manifold-learning-based similarity network. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item117'>[117]</a> <a href ="/abs/2408.01581" title="Abstract" id="2408.01581"> arXiv:2408.01581 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2408.01581" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2408.01581" aria-labelledby="pdf-2408.01581">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2408.01581v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2408.01581" aria-labelledby="html-2408.01581" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2408.01581" title="Other formats" id="oth-2408.01581" aria-labelledby="oth-2408.01581">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Huge Ensembles Part II: Properties of a Huge Ensemble of Hindcasts Generated with Spherical Fourier Neural Operators </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Mahesh,+A">Ankur Mahesh</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Collins,+W">William Collins</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Bonev,+B">Boris Bonev</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Brenowitz,+N">Noah Brenowitz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Cohen,+Y">Yair Cohen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Harrington,+P">Peter Harrington</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kashinath,+K">Karthik Kashinath</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kurth,+T">Thorsten Kurth</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=North,+J">Joshua North</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=OBrien,+T">Travis OBrien</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Pritchard,+M">Michael Pritchard</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Pruitt,+D">David Pruitt</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Risser,+M">Mark Risser</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Subramanian,+S">Shashank Subramanian</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Willard,+J">Jared Willard</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Machine Learning (cs.LG)</span>; Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> In Part I, we created an ensemble based on Spherical Fourier Neural Operators. As initial condition perturbations, we used bred vectors, and as model perturbations, we used multiple checkpoints trained independently from scratch. Based on diagnostics that assess the ensemble's physical fidelity, our ensemble has comparable performance to operational weather forecasting systems. However, it requires several orders of magnitude fewer computational resources. Here in Part II, we generate a huge ensemble (HENS), with 7,424 members initialized each day of summer 2023. We enumerate the technical requirements for running huge ensembles at this scale. HENS precisely samples the tails of the forecast distribution and presents a detailed sampling of internal variability. For extreme climate statistics, HENS samples events 4$\sigma$ away from the ensemble mean. At each grid cell, HENS improves the skill of the most accurate ensemble member and enhances coverage of possible future trajectories. As a weather forecasting model, HENS issues extreme weather forecasts with better uncertainty quantification. It also reduces the probability of outlier events, in which the verification value lies outside the ensemble forecast distribution. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item118'>[118]</a> <a href ="/abs/2409.02504" title="Abstract" id="2409.02504"> arXiv:2409.02504 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2409.02504" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2409.02504" aria-labelledby="pdf-2409.02504">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2409.02504" title="Other formats" id="oth-2409.02504" aria-labelledby="oth-2409.02504">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Efficient Strategies for Reducing Sampling Error in Quantum Krylov Subspace Diagonalization </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Lee,+G">Gwonhak Lee</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Choi,+S">Seonghoon Choi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Huh,+J">Joonsuk Huh</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Izmaylov,+A+F">Artur F. Izmaylov</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 17 pages, 3 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Within the realm of early fault-tolerant quantum computing (EFTQC), quantum Krylov subspace diagonalization (QKSD) has emerged as a promising quantum algorithm for the approximate Hamiltonian diagonalization via projection onto the quantum Krylov subspace. However, the algorithm often requires solving an ill-conditioned generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) involving erroneous matrix pairs, which can significantly distort the solution. Since EFTQC assumes limited-scale error correction, finite sampling error becomes a dominant source of error in these matrices. This work focuses on quantifying sampling errors during the measurement of matrix element in the projected Hamiltonian examining two measurement approaches based on the Hamiltonian decompositions: the linear combination of unitaries and diagonalizable fragments. To reduce sampling error within a fixed budget of quantum circuit repetitions, we propose two measurement strategies: the shifting technique and coefficient splitting. The shifting technique eliminates redundant Hamiltonian components that annihilate either the bra or ket states, while coefficient splitting optimizes the measurement of common terms across different circuits. Numerical experiments with electronic structures of small molecules demonstrate the effectiveness of these strategies, reducing sampling costs by a factor of 20-500. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item119'>[119]</a> <a href ="/abs/2409.03547" title="Abstract" id="2409.03547"> arXiv:2409.03547 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2409.03547" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2409.03547" aria-labelledby="pdf-2409.03547">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2409.03547v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2409.03547" aria-labelledby="html-2409.03547" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2409.03547" title="Other formats" id="oth-2409.03547" aria-labelledby="oth-2409.03547">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> A Silicon Photonic Neural Network for Chromatic Dispersion Compensation in 20 Gbps PAM4 Signal at 125 km and Its Scalability up to 100 Gbps </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Staffoli,+E">Emiliano Staffoli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Maddinelli,+G">Gianpietro Maddinelli</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Pavesi,+L">Lorenzo Pavesi</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 15 pages, 13 figures </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, Volume 43, Issue: 2, 15 January 2025, Pages: 557 - 571 </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)</span>; Applied Physics (physics.app-ph); Optics (physics.optics) </div> <p class='mathjax'> A feed-forward photonic neural network (PNN) is tested for chromatic dispersion compensation in Intensity Modulation/Direct Detection optical links. The PNN is based on a sequence of linear and nonlinear transformations. The linear stage is constituted by an 8-tap time-delayed complex perceptron implemented on a Silicon-On-insulator platform and acting as a tunable optical filter. The nonlinear stage is provided by the square modulus of the electrical field applied at the end-of-line photodetector. The training maximizes the separation between the optical levels (i.e. the eye diagram aperture), with consequent reduction of the Bit Error Rate. Effective equalization is experimentally demonstrated for 20 Gbps 4-level Pulse Amplitude Modulated signal up to 125 km. An evolutionary algorithm and a gradient-based approach are tested for the training and then compared in terms of repeatability and convergence time. The optimal weights resulting from the training are interpreted in light of the theoretical transfer function of the optical fiber. Finally, a simulative study proves the scalability of the layout to larger bandwidths, up to 100 Gbps. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item120'>[120]</a> <a href ="/abs/2410.01258" title="Abstract" id="2410.01258"> arXiv:2410.01258 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2410.01258" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2410.01258" aria-labelledby="pdf-2410.01258">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2410.01258v3" title="View HTML" id="html-2410.01258" aria-labelledby="html-2410.01258" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2410.01258" title="Other formats" id="oth-2410.01258" aria-labelledby="oth-2410.01258">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Non-Hermitian ultra-strong bosonic clustering through interaction-induced caging </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Yang,+M">Mengjie Yang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Yuan,+L">Luqi Yuan</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Lee,+C+H">Ching Hua Lee</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Any comments are welcome </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)</span>; Optics (physics.optics); Quantum Physics (quant-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We uncover a new mechanism whereby the triple interplay of non-Hermitian pumping, bosonic interactions and nontrivial band topology leads to ultra-strong bosonic condensation. The extent of condensation goes beyond what is naively expected from the interaction-induced trapping of non-Hermitian pumped states, and is based on an emergent caging mechanism that can be further enhanced by topological boundary modes. Beyond our minimal model with 2 bosons, this caging remains applicable for generic many-boson systems subject to a broad range of density interactions and non-Hermitian hopping asymmetry. Our novel new mechanism for particle localization and condensation would inspire fundamental shifts in our comprehension of many-body non-Hermitian dynamics and opens new avenues for controlling and manipulating bosons. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item121'>[121]</a> <a href ="/abs/2410.06005" title="Abstract" id="2410.06005"> arXiv:2410.06005 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2410.06005" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2410.06005" aria-labelledby="pdf-2410.06005">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2410.06005v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2410.06005" aria-labelledby="html-2410.06005" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2410.06005" title="Other formats" id="oth-2410.06005" aria-labelledby="oth-2410.06005">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Spin-dependent localization of spin-orbit and Rabi-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in a random potential </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Sarkar,+S+K">Swarup K. Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Mardonov,+S">Sh. Mardonov</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Sherman,+E+Y">E. Ya. Sherman</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Muruganandam,+P">Paulsamy Muruganandam</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Mishra,+P+K">Pankaj K. Mishra</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> Final Published version </div> <div class='list-journal-ref'><span class='descriptor'>Journal-ref:</span> New Journal of Physics 27, 023018 (2025) </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)</span>; Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We investigate the effect of the spin-orbit (SO) and Rabi couplings on the localization of the spin-1/2 condensate trapped in a one-dimensional random potential. Our studies reveal that the spin-dependent couplings create distinct localization regimes, resulting in various relations between localization and spin-related properties. First, we examine the localization in the linear condensate and find that the SO coupling can lead to a transition of the localized state from the "basin-like" to the "void" region of the potential. For a weak random potential upon an increase in the SO coupling, we find a re-entrant transition from a broad to narrow localized state and back at a higher SO coupling. Further, we analyze the competing role of inter-species and intra-species interactions on the localization of the condensate. We find the appearance of spin-dependent localization as the interactions increase beyond threshold values for a sufficiently strong disorder. Our findings on controlling spin-dependent localization may be useful for future ultracold atomic experiments and corresponding spin-related quantum technologies. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item122'>[122]</a> <a href ="/abs/2411.16952" title="Abstract" id="2411.16952"> arXiv:2411.16952 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2411.16952" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2411.16952" aria-labelledby="pdf-2411.16952">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2411.16952v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2411.16952" aria-labelledby="html-2411.16952" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2411.16952" title="Other formats" id="oth-2411.16952" aria-labelledby="oth-2411.16952">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> In search of rogue waves: a novel proposal distribution for parallelized rejection sampling of the truncated KdV Gibbs measure </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Moore,+N+J">Nicholas J. Moore</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Foerster,+B">Brendan Foerster</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Numerical Analysis (math.NA)</span>; Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The Gibbs ensemble of the truncated KdV (TKdV) equation has been shown to accurately describe the anomalous wave statistics observed in laboratory experiments, in particular the emergence of extreme events. Here, we introduce a novel proposal distribution that facilitates efficient rejection sampling of the TKdV Gibbs measure. Within parameter regimes accessible to laboratory experiments and capable of producing extreme events, the proposal distribution generates 1-6 orders of magnitude more accepted samples than does a naive, uniform distribution. When equipped with the new proposal distribution, a simple rejection algorithm enjoys key advantages over a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, include better parallelization properties and generation of uncorrelated samples. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item123'>[123]</a> <a href ="/abs/2412.07933" title="Abstract" id="2412.07933"> arXiv:2412.07933 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2412.07933" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2412.07933" aria-labelledby="pdf-2412.07933">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2412.07933v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2412.07933" aria-labelledby="html-2412.07933" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2412.07933" title="Other formats" id="oth-2412.07933" aria-labelledby="oth-2412.07933">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Quantum Computing in Corrosion Modeling: Bridging Research and Industry </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hualde,+J+M+A">Juan Manuel Aguiar Hualde</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kowalik,+M">Marek Kowalik</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Remme,+L">Lian Remme</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wolff,+F+E">Franziska Elisabeth Wolff</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=van+Velzen,+J">Julian van Velzen</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Killick,+W">Walden Killick</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bottcher,+R">Rene Bottcher</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Weimer,+C">Christian Weimer</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Krauser,+J">Jasper Krauser</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Marsili,+E">Emanuele Marsili</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Corrosion presents a major challenge to the longevity and reliability of products across various industries, particularly in the aerospace sector. Corrosion arises from chemical processes occurring on an atomistic scale, which lead to macroscopic degradation. Addressing this issue requires multi-scale modeling approaches, which rely on microscopic parameters that are challenging to measure experimentally or model with conventional quantum chemistry techniques. In this work, we develop and demonstrate a hybrid quantum-classical workflow tailored for atomistic simulations of corrosion processes, with a specific focus on the initial step of the oxygen reduction reaction -- a critical trigger for the corrosion of aluminum alloys widely used in modern aircraft. Using a combination of classical quantum chemistry methods and quantum computing frameworks, we identify reaction geometries characterized by multi-configurational electronic structures that are ideal for exploring with quantum algorithms. For the first time in this context, we explore both noisy intermediate-scale quantum and fault-tolerant quantum algorithms for these multi-configurational system, integrating them within a workflow designed to bridge atomistic simulations with macroscopic modeling approaches, such as finite element methods. Furthermore, we conduct a detailed quantum resource estimation to assess when and how quantum computers may play a meaningful role in tackling these problems. Our results demonstrate that significant advancements in quantum hardware but also in algorithms and error correction techniques are needed to make quantum computation practically viable for this class of problems. Nevertheless, this work establishes a critical foundation for applying quantum computation to corrosion modeling and highlights its potential to address complex, business-relevant challenges in materials science. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item124'>[124]</a> <a href ="/abs/2412.19511" title="Abstract" id="2412.19511"> arXiv:2412.19511 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2412.19511" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2412.19511" aria-labelledby="pdf-2412.19511">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2412.19511" title="Other formats" id="oth-2412.19511" aria-labelledby="oth-2412.19511">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Uncertainty quantification for improving radiomic-based models in radiation pneumonitis prediction </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Puttanawarut,+C">Chanon Puttanawarut</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Wabina,+R+S">Romen Samuel Wabina</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Sirirutbunkajorn,+N">Nat Sirirutbunkajorn</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Machine Learning (cs.LG)</span>; Medical Physics (physics.med-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> Background and Objective: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) is a side effect of thoracic radiation therapy. Recently, Machine learning (ML) models enhanced with radiomic and dosiomic features provide better predictions by incorporating spatial information beyond DVHs. However, to improve the clinical decision process, we propose to use uncertainty quantification (UQ) to improve the confidence in model prediction. This study evaluates the impact of post hoc UQ methods on the discriminative performance and calibration of ML models for RP prediction. Methods: This study evaluated four ML models: logistic regression (LR), support vector machines (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and random forest (RF), using radiomic, dosiomic, and dosimetric features to predict RP. We applied UQ methods, including Patt scaling, isotonic regression, Venn-ABERS predictor, and Conformal Prediction, to quantify uncertainty. Model performance was assessed through Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUROC), Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC), and Adaptive Calibration Error (ACE) using Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOO-CV). Results: UQ methods enhanced predictive performance, particularly for high-certainty predictions, while also improving calibration. Radiomic and dosiomic features increased model accuracy but introduced calibration challenges, especially for non-linear models like XGB and RF. Performance gains from UQ methods were most noticeable at higher certainty thresholds. Conclusion: Integrating UQ into ML models with radiomic and dosiomic features improves both predictive accuracy and calibration, supporting more reliable clinical decision-making. The findings emphasize the value of UQ methods in enhancing applicability of predictive models for RP in healthcare settings. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item125'>[125]</a> <a href ="/abs/2501.12146" title="Abstract" id="2501.12146"> arXiv:2501.12146 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2501.12146" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2501.12146" aria-labelledby="pdf-2501.12146">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2501.12146v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2501.12146" aria-labelledby="html-2501.12146" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2501.12146" title="Other formats" id="oth-2501.12146" aria-labelledby="oth-2501.12146">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Evaluating many-body stabilizer R茅nyi entropy by sampling reduced Pauli strings: singularities, volume law, and nonlocal magic </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Ding,+Y">Yi-Ming Ding</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wang,+Z">Zhe Wang</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Yan,+Z">Zheng Yan</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 14 pages, 11 figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Quantum Physics (quant-ph)</span>; Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el); Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> We present a novel quantum Monte Carlo method for evaluating the $\alpha$-stabilizer R茅nyi entropy (SRE) for any integer $\alpha\ge 2$. By interpreting $\alpha$-SRE as partition function ratios, we eliminate the sign problem in the imaginary-time path integral by sampling reduced Pauli strings within a reduced configuration space, which enables efficient classical computations of $\alpha$-SRE and its derivatives to explore magic in previously inaccessible 2D/higher-dimensional systems. Physically, we first separate the free energy contribution in $2$-SRE. At quantum critical points in 1D/2D transverse field Ising (TFI) models, we reveal nontrivial singularities associated with the characteristic function contribution, directly tied to magic. Their interplay leads to complicated behaviors of $2$-SRE, avoiding extrema at critical points generally. In contrast, by analyzing the volume-law correction of magic, which represents nonlocal magic residing in correlations, we find that its discontinuity is bound to critical properties and would be more useful than the full-state magic. Finally, we verify that $2$-SRE fails to characterize magic in mixed states (e.g. Gibbs states), yielding nonphysical results. This work provides a powerful tool for exploring the roles of magic in large-scale many-body systems, and reveals intrinsic relation between magic and many-body physics. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item126'>[126]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.05254" title="Abstract" id="2502.05254"> arXiv:2502.05254 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.05254" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.05254" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.05254">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.05254v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.05254" aria-labelledby="html-2502.05254" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.05254" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.05254" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.05254">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Distribution of singular values in large sample cross-covariance matrices </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Swain,+A">Arabind Swain</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Ridout,+S+A">Sean Alexander Ridout</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/math?searchtype=author&query=Nemenman,+I">Ilya Nemenman</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Statistics Theory (math.ST)</span>; Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn); Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) </div> <p class='mathjax'> For two large matrices ${\mathbf X}$ and ${\mathbf Y}$ with Gaussian i.i.d.\ entries and dimensions $T\times N_X$ and $T\times N_Y$, respectively, we derive the probability distribution of the singular values of $\mathbf{X}^T \mathbf{Y}$ in different parameter regimes. This extends the Marchenko-Pastur result for the distribution of eigenvalues of empirical sample covariance matrices to singular values of empirical cross-covariances. Our results will help to establish statistical significance of cross-correlations in many data-science applications. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item127'>[127]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.06236" title="Abstract" id="2502.06236"> arXiv:2502.06236 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.06236" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.06236" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.06236">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.06236v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.06236" aria-labelledby="html-2502.06236" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.06236" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.06236" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.06236">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Self-organized criticality driven by droplet influx and random fusion </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Lyu,+B">Bohan Lyu</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cond-mat?searchtype=author&query=Lin,+J">Jie Lin</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)</span>; Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The droplet size distribution typically decays exponentially in solutions formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. Nevertheless, a power-law distribution of nucleoli volumes has been observed in amphibian oocytes, which appears similar to the cluster size distribution in reaction-limited aggregation. In this work, we study the mechanism of power-law distributed droplet sizes and unveil a self-organized criticality driven by droplet influx and random fusion between droplets. Surprisingly, the droplet size dynamics is governed by a similar Smoluchowski equation as the cluster size in aggregation systems. The system reaches a critical state as the area fraction approaches the critical value at which the droplet size has a power-law distribution with a $1.5$ exponent. Furthermore, the system is also spatially scale-free with a divergent correlation length at the critical state, marked by giant droplet-density fluctuations and power-law decay of the pair correlation function. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item128'>[128]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.09628" title="Abstract" id="2502.09628"> arXiv:2502.09628 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.09628" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.09628" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.09628">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2502.09628v2" title="View HTML" id="html-2502.09628" aria-labelledby="html-2502.09628" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">html</a>, <a href="/format/2502.09628" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.09628" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.09628">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Characterizing nonlinear dynamics by contrastive cartography </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/nlin?searchtype=author&query=Romeo,+N">Nicolas Romeo</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/nlin?searchtype=author&query=Chi,+C">Chris Chi</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/nlin?searchtype=author&query=Dinner,+A+R">Aaron R. Dinner</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/nlin?searchtype=author&query=Jerison,+E+R">Elizabeth R. Jerison</a></div> <div class='list-comments mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Comments:</span> 8+20 pages, 4 figures, 13 SI figures </div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)</span>; Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an); Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM) </div> <p class='mathjax'> The qualitative study of dynamical systems using bifurcation theory is key to understanding systems from biological clocks and neurons to physical phase transitions. Data generated from such systems can feature complex transients, an unknown number of attractors, and stochasticity. Making an analogy to bifurcation analysis, which specifies that useful dynamical features are often invariant to coordinate transforms, we leverage contrastive learning to devise a generic tool to discover dynamical classes from stochastic trajectory data. By providing a model-free trajectory analysis tool, this method automatically recovers the dynamical phase diagram of known models and provides a "map" of dynamical behaviors for a large ensemble of dynamical systems. The method thus provides a way to characterize and compare dynamical trajectories without governing equations or prior knowledge of target behavior. This approach can be used as a standalone analysis tool, or as part of a broader data-driven analysis framework. </p> </div> </dd> <dt> <a name='item129'>[129]</a> <a href ="/abs/2502.10446" title="Abstract" id="2502.10446"> arXiv:2502.10446 </a> (replaced) [<a href="/pdf/2502.10446" title="Download PDF" id="pdf-2502.10446" aria-labelledby="pdf-2502.10446">pdf</a>, <a href="/format/2502.10446" title="Other formats" id="oth-2502.10446" aria-labelledby="oth-2502.10446">other</a>] </dt> <dd> <div class='meta'> <div class='list-title mathjax'><span class='descriptor'>Title:</span> Evaluating and Explaining Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Potential through Multi-Modal Transformers </div> <div class='list-authors'><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Youwai,+S">Sompote Youwai</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Kitkobsin,+T">Tipok Kitkobsin</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Leelataviwat,+S">Sutat Leelataviwat</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Jongpradist,+P">Pornkasem Jongpradist</a></div> <div class='list-subjects'><span class='descriptor'>Subjects:</span> <span class="primary-subject">Machine Learning (cs.LG)</span>; Geophysics (physics.geo-ph) </div> <p class='mathjax'> This study presents an explainable parallel transformer architecture for soil liquefaction prediction that integrates three distinct data streams: spectral seismic encoding, soil stratigraphy tokenization, and site-specific features. The architecture processes data from 165 case histories across 11 major earthquakes, employing Fast Fourier Transform for seismic waveform encoding and principles from large language models for soil layer tokenization. Interpretability is achieved through SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), which decompose predictions into individual contributions from seismic characteristics, soil properties, and site conditions. The model achieves 93.75% prediction accuracy on cross-regional validation sets and demonstrates robust performance through sensitivity analysis of ground motion intensity and soil resistance parameters. Notably, validation against previously unseen ground motion data from the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake confirms the model's generalization capabilities and practical utility. Implementation as a publicly accessible web application enables rapid assessment of multiple sites simultaneously. This approach establishes a new framework in geotechnical deep learning where sophisticated multi-modal analysis meets practical engineering requirements through quantitative interpretation and accessible deployment. </p> </div> </dd> </dl> <div class='paging'>Total of 129 entries </div> <div class='morefewer'>Showing up to 2000 entries per page: <a href=/list/physics/new?skip=0&show=1000 rel="nofollow"> fewer</a> | <span style="color: #454545">more</span> | <span style="color: #454545">all</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer style="clear: both;"> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary" style="margin: -0.75em -0.75em 0.75em -0.75em">  <div class="column" style="padding: 0;"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul style="list-style: none; line-height: 2;"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul style="list-style: none; line-height: 2;"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/contact.html"> Contact</a> </li> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>subscribe to arXiv mailings</title><desc>Click here to subscribe</desc><path d="M476 3.2L12.5 270.6c-18.1 10.4-15.8 35.6 2.2 43.2L121 358.4l287.3-253.2c5.5-4.9 13.3 2.6 8.6 8.3L176 407v80.5c0 23.6 28.5 32.9 42.5 15.8L282 426l124.6 52.2c14.2 6 30.4-2.9 33-18.2l72-432C515 7.8 493.3-6.8 476 3.2z"/></svg> <a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help/subscribe"> Subscribe</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="column" style="padding: 0;"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul style="list-style: none; 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