Diurnal Sex Differences in the Sleep-Wake Cycle of Mice are Dependent on Gonadal Function | SLEEP

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Paul, PhD</button><span class='delimiter'>, </span> <span class="al-author-info-wrap arrow-up"> <div class="info-card-author authorInfo_OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="name-role-wrap"> <div class="info-card-name"> Ketema N. Paul, PhD <span class="info-card-footnote"><span class="xrefLink" id="jumplink-cor1"></span><a href="javascript:;" reveal-id="cor1" data-open="cor1" class="link link-ref link-reveal xref-default"></a></span> </div> </div> <div class="info-card-affilitation"> <div class="aff"><span class="label title-label">1</span>Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL</div> </div> <div class="info-author-correspondence"> <div content-id="cor1"><span class="label title-label">*</span>Address correspondence to: Ketema N. Paul, PhD, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA 303101495; Tel: (404) 752-1864; Fax: (404) 752-1823; E-mail: <a href="mailto:kpaul@msm.edu" target="_blank">kpaul@msm.edu</a></div> </div> <div class="info-card-search-label"> Search for other works by this author on: </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-internal"> <a href="/sleep/search-results?f_Authors=Ketema+N.+Paul" rel="nofollow">Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-google"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=author:%22Paul Ketema N.%22">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </span> </span> <span class="al-author-name-more js-flyout-wrap"> <button type="button" class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link">Christine Dugovic, PhD</button><span class='delimiter'>, </span> <span class="al-author-info-wrap arrow-up"> <div class="info-card-author authorInfo_OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="name-role-wrap"> <div class="info-card-name"> Christine Dugovic, PhD </div> </div> <div class="info-card-affilitation"> <div class="aff"><span class="label title-label">2</span>Neuroscience, Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, San Diego, CA</div> </div> <div class="info-card-search-label"> Search for other works by this author on: </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-internal"> <a href="/sleep/search-results?f_Authors=Christine+Dugovic" rel="nofollow">Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-google"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=author:%22Dugovic Christine%22">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </span> </span> <span class="al-author-name-more js-flyout-wrap"> <button type="button" class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link">Fred W. Turek, PhD</button><span class='delimiter'>, </span> <span class="al-author-info-wrap arrow-up"> <div class="info-card-author authorInfo_OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="name-role-wrap"> <div class="info-card-name"> Fred W. Turek, PhD </div> </div> <div class="info-card-affilitation"> <div class="aff"><span class="label title-label">1</span>Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL</div> </div> <div class="info-card-search-label"> Search for other works by this author on: </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-internal"> <a href="/sleep/search-results?f_Authors=Fred+W.+Turek" rel="nofollow">Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-google"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=author:%22Turek Fred W.%22">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </span> </span> <span class="al-author-name-more js-flyout-wrap"> <button type="button" class="linked-name js-linked-name-trigger btn-as-link">Aaron D. Laposky, PhD</button><span class='delimiter'></span> <span class="al-author-info-wrap arrow-up"> <div class="info-card-author authorInfo_OUP_Abstract_ArticleTop_Info_Widget"> <div class="name-role-wrap"> <div class="info-card-name"> Aaron D. Laposky, PhD </div> </div> <div class="info-card-affilitation"> <div class="aff"><span class="label title-label">1</span>Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL</div> </div> <div class="info-card-note"> <div class="title">Disclosure Statement</div><p class="chapter-para">This is not an industry supported study. Drs. Paul, Dugovic, Turek, and Laposky have indicated no financial conflicts of interest.</p> </div> <div class="info-card-search-label"> Search for other works by this author on: </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-internal"> <a href="/sleep/search-results?f_Authors=Aaron+D.+Laposky" rel="nofollow">Oxford Academic</a> </div> <div class="info-card-search info-card-search-google"> <a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=author:%22Laposky Aaron D.%22">Google Scholar</a> </div> </div> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="pub-history-wrap clearfix js-history-dropdown-wrap"> <div class="pub-history-row clearfix"> <div class="ww-citation-primary"><em>Sleep</em>, Volume 29, Issue 9, September 2006, Pages 1211–1223, <a href='https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/29.9.1211'>https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/29.9.1211</a></div> </div> <div class="pub-history-row clearfix"> <div class="ww-citation-date-wrap"> <div class="citation-label">Published:</div> <div class="citation-date">01 September 2006</div> </div> <a href="javascript:;" class="history-label js-history-dropdown-trigger st-article-history at-ArticleHistory"> <span>Article history</span><i class="icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </a> </div> <div class="ww-history js-history-entries-wrap at-history-entries-wrap"> <div class="history-entry at-history-entry"> <div class="wi-state">Received:</div> <div class="wi-date">03 December 2005</div> </div> <div class="history-entry at-history-entry"> <div class="wi-state">Accepted:</div> <div class="wi-date">22 March 2006</div> </div> <div class="history-entry at-history-entry"> <div class="wi-state">Published:</div> <div class="wi-date">01 September 2006</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function () { $('.article-top-widget').on('click', '.ati-toggle-trigger', function () { $(this).find('.icon-general-add, .icon-minus').toggleClass('icon-minus icon-general-add'); $(this).siblings('.ati-toggle-content').toggleClass('hide'); }); // In Chrome, an anchor tag with target="_blank" and a "mailto:" href opens a new tab/window as well as the email client // I suspect this behavior will be corrected in the future // Remove the target="_blank" $('ul.wi-affiliationList').find('a[href^="mailto:"]').each(function () { $(this).removeAttr('target'); }); }); </script> </div> <div class="widget widget-ArticleLinks widget-instance-OUP_Article_Links_Widget"> </div> <div class="article-body js-content-body"> <div class="toolbar-wrap js-toolbar-wrap"> <div class="toolbar-inner-wrap"> <ul id="Toolbar" role="navigation"> <li class="toolbar-item item-with-dropdown item-views"> <a class="at-views-dropdown drop-trigger" href="javascript:;" data-dropdown="FilterDrop" aria-haspopup="true"> <i class="icon-menu_views"></i> <div class="toolbar-label"> <div class="toolbar-text">Views</div> <i class="icon-general-arrow-filled-down arrow-icon"></i> </div> </a> <ul id="ViewsDrop" class="f-dropdown js-dropdown-content" data-dropdown-content aria-label="submenu"> <div class="arrow-up"></div> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="article-content"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Article contents</span></a> </li> <li class="at-figures-tables article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="figures-tables"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Figures & tables</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="video"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Video</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="audio"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Audio</span></a> </li> <li class="article-content-filter js-article-content-filter" data-content-filter="supplementary-data"> <a href="javascript:;"><span>Supplementary Data</span></a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toolbar-item item-cite js-item-cite"> <div class="widget widget-ToolboxGetCitation widget-instance-OUP_Get_Citation"> <a href="#" class="js-cite-button at-CiteButton" data-reveal-id="getCitation" data-reveal> <i class="icon-read-more"></i> <span>Cite</span> </a> <div id="getCitation" class="reveal-modal js-citation-modal" data-reveal> <h3 class="modal-title">Cite</h3> <div class="oxford-citation-text"> <p>Ketema N. 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regulation. To date, few studies have examined either the role of sex or the gonadal hormones on sleep and wakefulness. The difficulty in performing well-controlled clinical experiments on sex and sleep underscores the need for effective animal models to investigate the influence of the gonadal hormones on sleep-wake states. This study describes the influence of sex on sleep and wakefulness in mice, the primary mammalian genetic model for sleep analysis, and tests the hypothesis that gonadal function drives sex differences in sleep-wake states.</p></div><div class=" sec"><div class="title">Design:</div><p class="chapter-para">Electroencephalogram/electromyogram sleep-wake patterns were recorded in intact and gonadectomized male and female C57Bl/6J mice maintained on a 14-hour light:10-hour dark schedule. Following a 24-hour baseline recording, mice were sleep deprived during the light phase by gentle handling and given a 10-hour recovery opportunity during the immediate dark phase.</p></div><div class=" sec"><div class="title">Measurements and Results:</div><p class="chapter-para">Intact female mice spent more time awake than intact males during 24 hours of baseline recording at the expense of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Though the recovery response of NREM sleep was similar between males and females, when examined in reference to baseline levels, females exhibited a more robust recovery response. Gonadectomy in males and females reduced or eliminated the majority of sex differences in sleep architecture and homeostasis.</p></div><div class=" sec"><div class="title">Conclusions:</div><p class="chapter-para">These data demonstrate that the gonadal hormones influence the amount, distribution, and intensity of sleep but do not account for all sex differences in the sleep-wake cycle.</p></div></section> <div class="article-metadata-panel clearfix at-ArticleMetadata"></div> <div class="kwd-group"><a class="kwd-part kwd-main" href="javascript:;" data-keyword="Sleep">Sleep</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" href="javascript:;" data-keyword=""sleep deprivation"">sleep deprivation</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" href="javascript:;" data-keyword="sex">sex</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" href="javascript:;" data-keyword=""gonadal hormone"">gonadal hormone</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" href="javascript:;" data-keyword="mouse">mouse</a>, <a class="kwd-part kwd-main" 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data-topic="eye movement"><span>eye movement</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="homeostasis"><span>homeostasis</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="gonads"><span>gonads</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="mammals"><span>mammals</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="mice, inbred c57bl"><span>mice, inbred c57bl</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="animal model"><span>animal model</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="models, genetic"><span>models, genetic</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" href="javascript:;" data-topic="sex characteristics"><span>sex characteristics</span></a> </li> <li> <a class="js-qb-topic-keyword-search" 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Diurnal Sex Differences in the Sleep-Wake Cycle of Mice are Dependent on Gonadal Function | SLEEP | Oxford Academic