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Biased competition in the absence of input bias revealed through corticostriatal computation | Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence
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First, tonic input strength determines which one of the two SPN phenotypes exhibits a higher mean firing rate. Second, low-strength oscillatory inputs induce higher firing rate in D2 SPNs but higher coherence between D1 SPNs. Third, high-strength inputs oscillating at distinct frequencies can preferentially activate D1 or D2 SPN populations. Of these mechanisms, only the latter accommodates observed rhythmic activity supporting rule-based decision making in prefrontal cortex. 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However, flexible and reliable selection of behaviorally relevant ensembles can occur with unbiased stimulation: striatal D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons (SPNs) receive balanced cortical input, yet their activity determines the choice between GO and NO-GO pathways in the basal ganglia. We here present a corticostriatal model identifying three mechanisms that rely on physiological asymmetries to effect rate- and time-coded biased competition in the presence of balanced inputs. First, tonic input strength determines which one of the two SPN phenotypes exhibits a higher mean firing rate. Second, low-strength oscillatory inputs induce higher firing rate in D2 SPNs but higher coherence between D1 SPNs. Third, high-strength inputs oscillating at distinct frequencies can preferentially activate D1 or D2 SPN populations. Of these mechanisms, only the latter accommodates observed rhythmic activity supporting rule-based decision making in prefrontal cortex. [[Code]](https://github.com/LofNaDI/unbiasedCompetition)"><meta property="og:image" content="https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_512x512_fill_lanczos_center_3.png"><meta property="og:locale" content="en-us"> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2020-02-13T16:52:11+00:00"> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-01-26T11:51:13+01:00"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://LofNaDI.github.io/publication/ardid-2019/" }, "headline": "Biased competition in the absence of input bias revealed through corticostriatal computation", "datePublished": "2020-02-13T16:52:11Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T11:51:13+01:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "S. Ardid" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://LofNaDI.github.io/images/icon_hu51bc7776438b23ec3e2baa9fc0ae64dd_101211_192x192_fill_lanczos_center_3.png" } }, "description": "Classical accounts of biased competition require an input bias to resolve the competition between neuronal ensembles driving downstream processing. However, flexible and reliable selection of behaviorally relevant ensembles can occur with unbiased stimulation: striatal D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons (SPNs) receive balanced cortical input, yet their activity determines the choice between GO and NO-GO pathways in the basal ganglia. We here present a corticostriatal model identifying three mechanisms that rely on physiological asymmetries to effect rate- and time-coded biased competition in the presence of balanced inputs. First, tonic input strength determines which one of the two SPN phenotypes exhibits a higher mean firing rate. Second, low-strength oscillatory inputs induce higher firing rate in D2 SPNs but higher coherence between D1 SPNs. Third, high-strength inputs oscillating at distinct frequencies can preferentially activate D1 or D2 SPN populations. Of these mechanisms, only the latter accommodates observed rhythmic activity supporting rule-based decision making in prefrontal cortex. [[Code]](https://github.com/LofNaDI/unbiasedCompetition)" } </script> <title>Biased competition in the absence of input bias revealed through corticostriatal computation | Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</title> </head> <body id="top" data-spy="scroll" data-offset="70" data-target="#TableOfContents" class="page-wrapper "> <script src="/js/wowchemy-init.js"></script> <aside class="search-results" id="search"> <div class="container"> <section class="search-header"> <div class="row no-gutters justify-content-between mb-3"> <div class="col-6"> <h1>Search</h1> </div> <div class="col-6 col-search-close"> <a class="js-search" href="#"><i class="fas fa-times-circle text-muted" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <div id="search-box"> <input name="q" id="search-query" placeholder="Search..." autocapitalize="off" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" spellcheck="false" type="search" class="form-control"> </div> </section> <section class="section-search-results"> <div id="search-hits"> </div> </section> </div> </aside> <div class="page-header"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light compensate-for-scrollbar" id="navbar-main"> <div class="container"> <div class="d-none d-lg-inline-flex"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</a> </div> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggler" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-content" aria-controls="navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></span> </button> <div class="navbar-brand-mobile-wrapper d-inline-flex d-lg-none"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Lab of Natural and Designed Intelligence</a> </div> <div class="navbar-collapse main-menu-item collapse justify-content-start" id="navbar-content"> <ul class="navbar-nav d-md-inline-flex"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#wimage"><span>Home</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#description"><span>Description</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#people"><span>Meet the Team</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#projects"><span>Research</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#featured"><span>Publications</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="/#contact"><span>Contact</span></a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link " href="https://github.com/LofNaDI" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span>GitHub site</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> <ul class="nav-icons navbar-nav flex-row ml-auto d-flex pl-md-2"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link js-search" href="#" aria-label="Search"><i class="fas fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div class="page-body"> <div class="pub"> <div class="article-container pt-3"> <h1>Biased competition in the absence of input bias revealed through corticostriatal computation</h1> <div class="article-metadata"> <div> </div> <span class="article-date"> April 2019 </span> </div> <div class="btn-links mb-3"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-outline-primary my-1 mr-1 js-cite-modal" data-filename="/publication/ardid-2019/cite.bib"> Cite </button> </div> </div> <div class="article-container"> <h3>Abstract</h3> <p class="pub-abstract">Classical accounts of biased competition require an input bias to resolve the competition between neuronal ensembles driving downstream processing. However, flexible and reliable selection of behaviorally relevant ensembles can occur with unbiased stimulation: striatal D1 and D2 spiny projection neurons (SPNs) receive balanced cortical input, yet their activity determines the choice between GO and NO-GO pathways in the basal ganglia. We here present a corticostriatal model identifying three mechanisms that rely on physiological asymmetries to effect rate- and time-coded biased competition in the presence of balanced inputs. First, tonic input strength determines which one of the two SPN phenotypes exhibits a higher mean firing rate. Second, low-strength oscillatory inputs induce higher firing rate in D2 SPNs but higher coherence between D1 SPNs. Third, high-strength inputs oscillating at distinct frequencies can preferentially activate D1 or D2 SPN populations. Of these mechanisms, only the latter accommodates observed rhythmic activity supporting rule-based decision making in prefrontal cortex. <a href="https://github.com/LofNaDI/unbiasedCompetition">[Code]</a></p> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-1"></div> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-3 pub-row-heading">Type</div> <div class="col-12 col-md-9"> <a href="/publication/#2"> Journal article </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-1"></div> </div> <div class="d-md-none space-below"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-1"></div> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-3 pub-row-heading">Publication</div> <div class="col-12 col-md-9">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-1"></div> </div> <div class="d-md-none space-below"></div> <div class="space-below"></div> <div class="article-style"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-footer"> <div class="container"> <footer class="site-footer"> <p class="powered-by"> <a href="/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> · <a href="/terms/">Terms</a> </p> <p class="powered-by"> Copyright Salva Ardid </p> <p class="powered-by"> Published with <a href="https://wowchemy.com/?utm_campaign=poweredby" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wowchemy</a> — the free, <a href="https://github.com/wowchemy/wowchemy-hugo-modules" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> open source</a> website builder that empowers creators. </p> </footer> </div> </div> <div id="modal" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title">Cite</h5> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <pre><code class="tex hljs"></code></pre> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary my-1 js-copy-cite" href="#" target="_blank"> <i class="fas fa-copy"></i> Copy </a> <a class="btn btn-outline-primary my-1 js-download-cite" href="#" target="_blank"> <i class="fas fa-download"></i> Download </a> <div id="modal-error"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-9/aliU8dGd2tb6OSsuzixeV4y/faTqgFtohetphbbj0=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.imagesloaded/4.1.4/imagesloaded.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha256-lqvxZrPLtfffUl2G/e7szqSvPBILGbwmsGE1MKlOi0Q=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.isotope/3.0.6/isotope.pkgd.min.js" integrity="sha256-CBrpuqrMhXwcLLUd5tvQ4euBHCdh7wGlDfNz8vbu/iI=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/fancybox/3.5.7/jquery.fancybox.min.js" integrity="sha256-yt2kYMy0w8AbtF89WXb2P1rfjcP/HTHLT7097U8Y5b8=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/instant.page/5.1.0/instantpage.min.js" integrity="sha512-1+qUtKoh9XZW7j+6LhRMAyOrgSQKenQ4mluTR+cvxXjP1Z54RxZuzstR/H9kgPXQsVB8IW7DMDFUJpzLjvhGSQ==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/highlight.min.js" integrity="sha512-TDKKr+IvoqZnPzc3l35hdjpHD0m+b2EC2SrLEgKDRWpxf2rFCxemkgvJ5kfU48ip+Y+m2XVKyOCD85ybtlZDmw==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/bash.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/c++.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/latex.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/matlab.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/python.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/10.2.0/languages/r.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/leaflet/1.7.1/leaflet.min.js" integrity="sha512-SeiQaaDh73yrb56sTW/RgVdi/mMqNeM2oBwubFHagc5BkixSpP1fvqF47mKzPGWYSSy4RwbBunrJBQ4Co8fRWA==" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script>const code_highlighting = true;</script> <script> const search_config = {"indexURI":"/index.json","minLength":1,"threshold":0.3}; 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