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Mustapha</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Zakari Mustapha"> <meta name="keywords" content="Zakari Mustapha"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Zakari Mustapha"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 118</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Zakari Mustapha</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Examination of Occupational Health and Safety Practices in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakari%20Mustapha">Zakari Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clinto%20Aigbavboa"> Clinto Aigbavboa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wellinton%20Didi%20Thwala"> Wellinton Didi Thwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) issues has been a major challenge to the Ghanaian government. The purpose of the study was to examine OHS practices in Ghana. The study looked at various views from different scholars about OHS practices in order to achieve the objective of the study. Literature review was conducted on OHS in Ghana. Findings from the study shows Ministry of Roads and Transport (MRT) and Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing (MWRWH) are two government ministries in charge of construction and implementation of the construction sector policy. The Factories, Offices and Shops Act 1970, Act 328 and the Mining Regulations 1970 LI 665 are the two major edicts. The study presents a strong background on OHS practices in Ghana and contribute to the body of knowledge on the solution to the current trends and challenges of OHS in the construction sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ILO%20convention" title="ILO convention">ILO convention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OHS%20challenges" title=" OHS challenges"> OHS challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OHS%20practices" title=" OHS practices"> OHS practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OHS%20improvement" title=" OHS improvement"> OHS improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51507/examination-of-occupational-health-and-safety-practices-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Assessment of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System in Construction Accident Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakari%20Mustapha">Zakari Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clinton%20%20Aigbavboa"> Clinton Aigbavboa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wellington%20Didi%20Thwala"> Wellington Didi Thwala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Majority of the incidents and accidents in complex high-risk systems that exist in the construction industry and other sectors have been attributed to unsafe acts of workers. The purpose of this paper was to asses Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) in construction accident prevention. The study was conducted through the use of secondary data from journals, books and internet to achieve the objective of the study. The review of literature looked into details of different views from different scholars about HFACS framework in accidents investigations. It further highlighted on various sections or disciplines of accident occurrences in human performance within the construction. The findings from literature review showed that unsafe acts of a worker and unsafe working conditions are the two major causes of accident in the construction industry.Most significant factor in the cause of site accident in the construction industry is unsafe acts of a worker. The findings also show how the application of HFACS framework in the investigation of accident will lead to the identification of common trends. Further findings show that provision for the prevention of accident will be made based on past accident records to identify and prioritize where intervention is needed within the construction industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title="accident">accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HFACS" title=" HFACS"> HFACS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsafe%20acts" title=" unsafe acts"> unsafe acts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51509/assessment-of-human-factors-analysis-and-classification-system-in-construction-accident-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Efficient Internal Generator Based on Random Selection of an Elliptic Curve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Benssalah">Mustapha Benssalah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Djeddou"> Mustapha Djeddou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Drouiche"> Karim Drouiche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The random number generation (RNG) presents a significant importance for the security and the privacy of numerous applications, such as RFID technology and smart cards. Since, the quality of the generated bit sequences is paramount that a weak internal generator for example, can directly cause the entire application to be insecure, and thus it makes no sense to employ strong algorithms for the application. In this paper, we propose a new pseudo random number generator (PRNG), suitable for cryptosystems ECC-based, constructed by randomly selecting points from several elliptic curves randomly selected. The main contribution of this work is the increasing of the generator internal states by extending the set of its output realizations to several curves auto-selected. The quality and the statistical characteristics of the proposed PRNG are validated using the Chi-square goodness of fit test and the empirical Special Publication 800-22 statistical test suite issued by NIST. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PRNG" title="PRNG">PRNG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptosystem" title=" cryptosystem"> cryptosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECC" title=" ECC"> ECC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23607/efficient-internal-generator-based-on-random-selection-of-an-elliptic-curve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Hybrid Concrete Construction (HCC) for Sustainable Infrastructure Development in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bello%20Ibrahim">Muhammad Bello Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Auwal%20Zakari"> M. Auwal Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliyu%20Usman"> Aliyu Usman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hybrid concrete construction (HCC) combines all the benefits of pre-casting with the advantages of cast in-situ construction. Merging the two, as a hybrid structure, results in even greater construction speed, value, and the overall economy. Its variety of uses has gained popularity in the United States and in Europe due to its distinctive benefits. However, the increase of its application in some countries (including Nigeria) has been relatively slow. Several researches have shown that hybrid construction offers an ultra-high performance concrete that offers superior strength, durability and aesthetics with design flexibility and within sustainability credentials, based on the available and economically visible technologies. This paper examines and documents the criterion that will help inform the process of deciding whether or not to adopt hybrid concrete construction (HCC) technology rather than more traditional alternatives. It also the present situation of design, construction and research on hybrid structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20concrete%20construction" title="hybrid concrete construction">hybrid concrete construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20infrastructure%20development" title=" sustainable infrastructure development"> sustainable infrastructure development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20flexibility" title=" design flexibility"> design flexibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23660/hybrid-concrete-construction-hcc-for-sustainable-infrastructure-development-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Toxicity and Larvicidal Activity of Cholesta-β-D-Glucopyranoside Isolated from Combretum molle R.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Zakari">Abdu Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%E2%80%99d%20Jibril"> Sai’d Jibril</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adoum%20A.%20Omar"> Adoum A. Omar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leaves of Combretum molle was selected on the basis of its uses in folk medicine as insecticides. The leave extracts of Combretum molle was tested against the larvae of Artemia salina, i.e. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST), Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Filaria disease vector) i.e. Larvicidal Test, using crude ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts. The methanolic extract proved to be the most effective in inducing complete lethality at minimum doses both in the BST and the Larvicidal activity test. The LC50¬ values obtained are 24.85 µg/ml and 0.4µg/ml respectively. The bioactivity-guided column chromatography afforded the pure compound ACM–3. ACM-3 was not active in the BST with LC50 value >1000µg/ml, but was active in the Larvicidal activity test with LC50 value 4.0µg/ml. ACM-3 was proposed to have the structure I, (Cholesta-β-D-Glucopyranoside). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title="toxicity">toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=larvicidal" title=" larvicidal"> larvicidal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Combretum%20molle" title=" Combretum molle"> Combretum molle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemia%20salina" title=" Artemia salina"> Artemia salina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Culex%20quinquefasciatus%20Say." title=" Culex quinquefasciatus Say. "> Culex quinquefasciatus Say. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20228/toxicity-and-larvicidal-activity-of-cholesta-v-d-glucopyranoside-isolated-from-combretum-molle-r" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20228.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> State of Art in Software Requirement Negotiation Process Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsu%20Abdullahi">Shamsu Abdullahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazir%20Yusuf"> Nazir Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazrina%20Sofian"> Hazrina Sofian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Zakari"> Abubakar Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Nura"> Amina Nura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salisu%20Suleiman"> Salisu Suleiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Requirements negotiation process models help in resolving conflicting requirements of the heterogeneous stakeholders in the software development industry. This is to achieve a shared vision of software projects to be developed by the industry. Negotiating stakeholder agreements is a serious and difficult task in the software development process. There are many requirements negotiation process models that effectively negotiate stakeholder agreements that have been proposed by the research community. Other issues in the requirements negotiation research domain include stakeholder communication, decision-making, lack of negotiation interoperability, and managing requirement changes and analysis. This study highlights the current state of the art in the existing software requirements negotiation process models. The study also describes the issues and limitations in the software requirements negotiations process models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=requirements" title="requirements">requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negotiation" title=" negotiation"> negotiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stakeholders" title=" stakeholders"> stakeholders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agreements" title=" agreements"> agreements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161397/state-of-art-in-software-requirement-negotiation-process-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161397.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Homogenization of a Non-Linear Problem with a Thermal Barrier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Samadi">Hassan Samadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20El%20Jarroudi"> Mustapha El Jarroudi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we consider the homogenization of a non-linear problem in periodic medium with two periodic connected media exchanging a heat flux throughout their common interface. The interfacial exchange coefficient λ is assumed to tend to zero or to infinity following a rate λ=λ(ε) when the size ε of the basic cell tends to zero. Three homogenized problems are determined according to some critical value depending of λ and ε. Our method is based on Γ-Convergence techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20methods" title="variational methods">variational methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epiconvergence" title=" epiconvergence"> epiconvergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homogenization" title=" homogenization"> homogenization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20technique" title=" convergence technique"> convergence technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29054/homogenization-of-a-non-linear-problem-with-a-thermal-barrier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Cytotoxic Terpenes from the Stems of Bark of Echinacea Angustifolia DC Collected from Girei, Adamawa State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Zakari">Abdu Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Jibrin"> Said Jibrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatope%20Majekodunmi%20Oladeji"> Fatope Majekodunmi Oladeji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hassan%20Shagga"> Mohammed Hassan Shagga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Sule"> Andrew Sule</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From the Stems of Bark of Echinaceae angustifolia DC three known triterpenes 3a,5,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)icosahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-9-yl acetate (lupeol acetate), 4,4,6a,6b,8a,10,11,14b,octamethyl1,1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a, 9,10, 11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-icosahydropicen-3-yl acetate (derivative of β-amyrin and 9- hydroxy-1-isopropenyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-icosahydro-cyclopenta[a]chrysene- 3a-carboxylic acid (betulinic acid), labelled as Ea-7-38, Ea-9-10 and Ea-12-85) were isolated and characterized. All isolates were tested for their cytotoxicities against Artemia salina (brine shrimp larvae). Compound Ea-12-85 exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against the Artemia salina, Ea-7-38, Ea-9-10 were found to be non-toxic in the cytotoxicity test. The result of the study has justified the claim of the traditional medicine practitioners in Girei for the treatment of complicated malaria disease using the stem bark of E. angustifolia DC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxic" title="cytotoxic">cytotoxic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terpenes" title=" terpenes"> terpenes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Echinaceae%20angustifolia" title=" Echinaceae angustifolia"> Echinaceae angustifolia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brine%20shrimp" title=" brine shrimp"> brine shrimp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artemia%20salina" title=" artemia salina"> artemia salina</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179010/cytotoxic-terpenes-from-the-stems-of-bark-of-echinacea-angustifolia-dc-collected-from-girei-adamawa-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">110</span> Insiders’ Perspectives of Countering Public Sector Corruption in Nigeria: Identifying and Targeting Its Nature, Characteristics and Fundamental Causes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Bala%20Zakari">Musa Bala Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Button"> Mark Button</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the extent, nature, and characteristics of public sector corruption in Nigeria and the enhancement of the major anti-corruption initiatives (reforms), thereby providing insight into the types, forms and causes of corruption in Nigeria. This paper argues that attempts to devise and suggest effective anti-corruption reforms to control systemic corruption in Nigeria require identifying the most prevalent types of corruption targeted and tackling the fundamental country specific causes. It analyses two types of public sector corruption as it relates to Nigeria and the workings of its inefficient governance system. This paper concludes with the imperative of a collective action against corruption supported by considerable amount of domestic political will existing in a favourable policy context. In undertaking this, the paper draws upon publicly available documents, case laws review and semi-structured interviews conducted with various personnel working in the field of corruption in the dedicated anticorruption agencies, academics, and practitioners from other relevant institutions of accountability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20governance" title=" good governance"> good governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20sector" title=" public sector"> public sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110308/insiders-perspectives-of-countering-public-sector-corruption-in-nigeria-identifying-and-targeting-its-nature-characteristics-and-fundamental-causes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">109</span> Unequal Error Protection of VQ Image Transmission System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khelifi%20Mustapha">Khelifi Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Moulay%20lakhdar"> A. Moulay lakhdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Elawady"> I. Elawady </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We will study the unequal error protection for VQ image. We have used the Reed Solomon (RS) Codes as Channel coding because they offer better performance in terms of channel error correction over a binary output channel. One such channel (binary input and output) should be considered if it is the case of the application layer, because it includes all the features of the layers located below and on the what it is usually not feasible to make changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector%20quantization" title="vector quantization">vector quantization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20error%20correction" title=" channel error correction"> channel error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Solomon%20channel%20coding" title=" Reed-Solomon channel coding"> Reed-Solomon channel coding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application" title=" application"> application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21372/unequal-error-protection-of-vq-image-transmission-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from WAIFEM Member Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasiru%20Inuwa">Nasiru Inuwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruna%20Usman%20Modibbo"> Haruna Usman Modibbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20Zakari%20Abdullahi"> Yahya Zakari Abdullahi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth on carbon emissions in context of WAIFEM member countries. The Im-Pesaran-Shin panel unit root test, Kao residual based test panel cointegration technique and panel Granger causality tests over the period 1980-2012 within a multivariate framework were applied. The results of cointegration test revealed a long run equilibrium relationship among CO2 emissions, economic growth and foreign direct investment. The results of Granger causality tests revealed a unidirectional causality running from economic growth to CO2 emissions for the panel of WAIFEM countries at the 5% level. Also, Granger causality runs from economic growth to foreign direct investment without feedback. However, no causality relationship between foreign direct investment and CO2 emissions for the panel of WAIFEM countries was observed. The study therefore, suggest that policy makers from WAIFEM member countries should design policies aim at attracting more foreign direct investments inflow as well the adoption of cleaner production technologies in order to reduce CO2 emissions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emissions" title=" CO2 emissions"> CO2 emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causality" title="causality">causality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WAIFEM" title=" WAIFEM"> WAIFEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26866/foreign-direct-investment-economic-growth-and-co2-emissions-evidence-from-waifem-member-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">572</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">107</span> Numerical Modeling of Storm Swells in Harbor by Boussinesq Equations Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Kamel%20Mihoubi">Mustapha Kamel Mihoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hocine%20Dahmani"> Hocine Dahmani </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of work is to study the phenomenon of agitation of storm waves at basin caused by different directions of waves relative to the current provision thrown numerical model based on the equation in shallow water using Boussinesq model MIKE 21 BW. According to the diminishing effect of penetration of a wave optimal solution will be available to be reproduced in reduced model. Another alternative arrangement throws will be proposed to reduce the agitation and the effects of the swell reflection caused by the penetration of waves in the harbor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agitation" title="agitation">agitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boussinesq%20equations" title=" Boussinesq equations"> Boussinesq equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination" title=" combination"> combination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harbor" title=" harbor"> harbor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16182/numerical-modeling-of-storm-swells-in-harbor-by-boussinesq-equations-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">106</span> Study of Waveguide Silica Glasses by Raman Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abdelmounim%20Bakkali">Mohamed Abdelmounim Bakkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20El%20Mataouy"> Mustapha El Mataouy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abellatif%20Aaliti"> Abellatif Aaliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Khaddor"> Mouhamed Khaddor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the paper, we study the effects of introducing hafnium oxide on Raman spectra of silica glass planar waveguide activated by 0.3 mol% Er3+ ions. This work compares Raman spectra measured for three thin films deposited on silicon substrate. The films were prepared with different molar ratio of Si/Hf using sol-gel method and deposited by dip coating technique. The effect of hafnium oxide incorporation on the waveguides shows the evolution of the structure of this material. This structural information is useful to understand the luminescence intensity by means of ion–ion interaction mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20amplifiers" title="optical amplifiers">optical amplifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-bridging%20oxygen" title=" non-bridging oxygen"> non-bridging oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erbium" title=" erbium"> erbium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica-hafnia" title=" silica-hafnia"> silica-hafnia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60116/study-of-waveguide-silica-glasses-by-raman-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> The Introduction of Modern Diagnostic Techniques and It Impact on Local Garages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Majid">Mustapha Majid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gone were the days when technicians/mechanics will have to spend too much time trying to identify a mechanical fault and rectify the problem. Now the emphasis is on the use of Automobile diagnosing Equipment through the use of computers and special software. An investigation conducted at Tamale Metropolis and Accra in the Northern and Greater Accra regions of Ghana, respectively. Methodology for data gathering were; questionnaires, physical observation, interviews, and newspaper. The study revealed that majority of mechanics lack computer skills which can enable them use diagnosis tools such as Exhaust Gas Analyzer, Scan Tools, Electronic Wheel Balancing machine, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosing" title="diagnosing">diagnosing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20garages%20and%20modern%20garages" title=" local garages and modern garages"> local garages and modern garages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lack%20of%20knowledge%20of%20diagnosing%20posing%20an%20existential%20threat" title=" lack of knowledge of diagnosing posing an existential threat"> lack of knowledge of diagnosing posing an existential threat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20of%20local%20mechanics" title=" training of local mechanics"> training of local mechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147100/the-introduction-of-modern-diagnostic-techniques-and-it-impact-on-local-garages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> Women Right in Islam and Misconceptions: A Critical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Ibrahim%20Usman">Abubakar Ibrahim Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Halilu"> Mustapha Halilu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The provisions of rights to women in Islam have generated and are creating a tense and serious debate among Muslims and non-Muslims alike. The Muslims are arguing that Islam provides right to Womenfolk, but their actions, cultural/traditional practices, and treatment reveal otherwise, Non-Muslims, on the other hand, held a different view, saying that Islam has never made such provision. One may not blame their misconception, due to the wide spectrum of treatment given to women in many Muslim societies, which generated, fueled and geared the misconceptions and ceaseless barrage of sensational articles, movies and negative portrayal of Islam today. It has to put in our minds, many actions and Crimes of some Muslims (Who are mostly minority) did not represent the teachings and precepts of Islam, just like one cannot put blame on the parents of a child whose actions fall short of his home background. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20rights" title=" women rights"> women rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20practices" title=" cultural practices"> cultural practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20492/women-right-in-islam-and-misconceptions-a-critical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> Contribution to the Success of the Energy Audit in the Industrial Environment: A Case Study about Audit of Interior Lighting for an Industrial Site in Morocco </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkarim%20Ait%20Brik">Abdelkarim Ait Brik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelaziz%20Khoukh"> Abdelaziz Khoukh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Jammali"> Mustapha Jammali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Chaikhy"> Hamid Chaikhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The energy audit is the essential initial step to ensure a good definition of energy control actions. The in-depth study of the various energy-consuming equipments makes it possible to determine the actions and investments with best cost for the company. The analysis focuses on the energy consumption of production equipment and utilities (lighting, heating, air conditioning, ventilation, transport). Successful implementation of this approach requires, however, to take into account a number of prerequisites. This paper proposes a number of useful recommendations concerning the energy audit in order to achieve better results, and a case study concerning the lighting audit of a Moroccan company by showing the gains that can be made through this audit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20audit" title="energy audit">energy audit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20diagnosis" title=" energy diagnosis"> energy diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption" title=" consumption"> consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity" title=" electricity"> electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lighting%20audit" title=" lighting audit"> lighting audit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77563/contribution-to-the-success-of-the-energy-audit-in-the-industrial-environment-a-case-study-about-audit-of-interior-lighting-for-an-industrial-site-in-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">695</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> Hyperchaos-Based Video Encryption for Device-To-Device Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Benzegane">Samir Benzegane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Sadoudi"> Said Sadoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Djeddou"> Mustapha Djeddou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a software development of video streaming encryption for Device-to-Device (D2D) communications by using Hyperchaos-based Random Number Generator (HRNG) implemented in C#. The software implements and uses the proposed HRNG to generate key stream for encrypting and decrypting real-time video data. The used HRNG consists of Hyperchaos Lorenz system which produces four signal outputs taken as encryption keys. The generated keys are characterized by high quality randomness which is confirmed by passing standard NIST statistical tests. Security analysis of the proposed encryption scheme confirms its robustness against different attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperchaos%20Lorenz%20system" title="hyperchaos Lorenz system">hyperchaos Lorenz system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperchaos-based%20random%20number%20generator" title=" hyperchaos-based random number generator"> hyperchaos-based random number generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D2D%20communications" title=" D2D communications"> D2D communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%23" title=" C#"> C#</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49358/hyperchaos-based-video-encryption-for-device-to-device-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Improvement of Deficient Soils in Nigeria Using Bagasse Ash - A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Alhassan">Musa Alhassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alhaji%20Mohammed%20Mustapha"> Alhaji Mohammed Mustapha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Review of studies carried out on the use of bagasse ash in the improvement of deficient soils in Nigeria, with emphasis on lateritic and black cotton soils is presented. Although, the bagasse ash is mostly used as additive to the conventional soil stabilizer (cement and lime), the studies generally showed improvement of geotechnical properties of the soils either modified or stabilized with the ash. This showed the potentials of using this agricultural waste (bagasse ash) in the improvement of geotechnical properties of deficient soils. Thus suggesting that using this material at large scale level, in geotechnical engineering practice could help in the provision of stable and durable structures, reduce cost of soil improvement and also reduces environmental nuisance caused by the unused waste in Nigeria <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bagasse%20ash" title="bagasse ash">bagasse ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20cotton%20soil" title=" black cotton soil"> black cotton soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deficient%20soil" title=" deficient soil"> deficient soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laterite" title=" laterite"> laterite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20improvement" title=" soil improvement"> soil improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34756/improvement-of-deficient-soils-in-nigeria-using-bagasse-ash-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Different Biological and Chemical Parameters that Influence the Polyphenols from Some Medicinal Plants in Western Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mahmoud">Mustapha Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouzia%20Toumi%20Benali"> Fouzia Toumi Benali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Benyahia"> Mohamed Benyahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofiane%20Bouazza"> Sofiane Bouazza </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work focuses on the influences of biological and chemical parameters on the phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and tannins in different medicinal plants in western Algeria (Papaver rhoeas, Daphnegnidium, Lavandula multifida, Lavandula dentata, Lavandula stoicha, ...). Thus we look the difference between species of the same genus, difference between the different organs of the same species, the influence of environment all temperature influences, time, percentage of solvent on the extraction. Quantification of the phenolic compounds was performed by spectrophotometric method then treated with statistics tools such as variance analysis, multivariant analyzes, response surface methodology). The results show that the polyphenols are influenced by the parameters mentioned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenols" title="polyphenols">polyphenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influences" title=" influences"> influences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=west%20Algeria" title=" west Algeria"> west Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56767/different-biological-and-chemical-parameters-that-influence-the-polyphenols-from-some-medicinal-plants-in-western-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Impact of Unconventional Waters on Spirulina Production under Greenhouse Condition in Ouargla</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaf%20Djaghoubi">Afaf Djaghoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Daddi%20Bouhoun"> Mustapha Daddi Bouhoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jr."> Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Seggai"> Ali Seggai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of the habitat of Spirulina is the key to ensure the smooth running of its culture outside of its natural habitat. Our experimental work in the Ouargla basin which aims to study the Spirulina productivity cultivated under greenhouse in unconventional waters enriched and non-enriched, drainage and wastewater treated were used in the experiment. For this, we proceeded to measure the biomass concentration by the DO625. The high biomass concentration and productivity amount were in treated wastewater enriched with 2.49±1.09 and 0.12±0.57 respectively, while The high amount in drainage water were in medium enriched with 2.19 ± 0.85 g/l and 0.08±0.52 g/l/d respectively. In spite of the enrichment and the good productivity of these waters, the chemical and microbiological qualities remain to study for a better valuation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouargla" title=" Ouargla"> Ouargla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production" title=" production"> production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spirulina" title=" Spirulina"> Spirulina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20water" title=" unconventional water"> unconventional water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8997/impact-of-unconventional-waters-on-spirulina-production-under-greenhouse-condition-in-ouargla" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Establishment of Thuja Label: Development Prospects for the Marketing Practices of the Handicraft of Essaouira's Marquetry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20El%20Kandoussi">Fatima El Kandoussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamiae%20El%20Hdiddioui"> Lamiae El Hdiddioui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Bouragba"> Mustapha Bouragba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The woodwork of thuja in Essaouira is one of the main crafts in Morocco. Certainly, marquetry reflects both cultural and artistic identity of the city, considering the talent and ancestral knowledge of craftsman working in marquetry. Yet, the production units encounter a considerable number of difficulties among which insufficiencies within marketing practices. Consequently, it is obvious that major improvements are needed, and supportive solutions must be provided in order to improve the Essaouira’s marquetry, as a symbol of the entire province. Thus, the establishment of Thuja Label is a necessary measure that would be the key to ensuring sustainability of this vital craft. The main purpose of this paper is to study marketing practices’ current state of the production units in the marquetry of Essaouira, therefore to recommend remedial actions likely to raise them up to the required functional level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=craft" title="craft">craft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20practices" title=" marketing practices"> marketing practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marquetry" title=" marquetry"> marquetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thuja%20label" title=" thuja label"> thuja label</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97728/establishment-of-thuja-label-development-prospects-for-the-marketing-practices-of-the-handicraft-of-essaouiras-marquetry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Sol-Gel Erbium-Doped Silica-Hafnia Planar Waveguides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20El%20Mataouy">Mustapha El Mataouy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abellatif%20Aaliti"> Abellatif Aaliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Khaddor"> Mouhamed Khaddor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Erbium actived silica-hafnia planar waveguides have been prepared by sol-gel route. The films were deposited on vitreous silica substrates using dip-coating technique. The parameters of preparation have been chosen to optimize the waveguides for operation in the near infrared (NIR) region, and to increase the luminescence efficiency of the metastable 4I13/2 state of Erbium ions. The waveguides properties were determined by m-lines spectroscopy, loss measurements. Waveguide Raman and luminescence spectroscopy were used to obtain information about the structure of the prepared films and about the dynamical process related to the emission in the C telecom band (1530nm-1565nm) of the Erbium ions. The results are discussed with the aim of comparing the structural and optical properties of Erbium activated silica-hafnia planar waveguides with different molar ratio of Si / Hf. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erbium" title="erbium">erbium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20amplifiers" title=" optical amplifiers"> optical amplifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica-hafnia" title=" silica-hafnia"> silica-hafnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59785/sol-gel-erbium-doped-silica-hafnia-planar-waveguides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Forensic Challenges in Source Device Identification for Digital Videos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Aminu%20Bagiwa">Mustapha Aminu Bagiwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ainuddin%20Wahid%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yamani%20Idna%20Idris"> Mohd Yamani Idna Idris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suleman%20Khan"> Suleman Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Video source device identification has become a problem of concern in numerous domains especially in multimedia security and digital investigation. This is because videos are now used as evidence in legal proceedings. Source device identification aim at identifying the source of digital devices using the content they produced. However, due to affordable processing tools and the influx in digital content generating devices, source device identification is still a major problem within the digital forensic community. In this paper, we discuss source device identification for digital videos by identifying techniques that were proposed in the literature for model or specific device identification. This is aimed at identifying salient open challenges for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20forgery" title="video forgery">video forgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20camcorder" title=" source camcorder"> source camcorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20identification" title=" device identification"> device identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forgery%20detection" title=" forgery detection "> forgery detection </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641/forensic-challenges-in-source-device-identification-for-digital-videos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">631</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Recognition of Cursive Arabic Handwritten Text Using Embedded Training Based on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabi%20Mouhcine">Rabi Mouhcine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrouch%20Mustapha"> Amrouch Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahani%20Zouhir"> Mahani Zouhir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mammass%20Driss"> Mammass Driss</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a system for offline recognition cursive Arabic handwritten text based on Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). The system is analytical without explicit segmentation used embedded training to perform and enhance the character models. Extraction features preceded by baseline estimation are statistical and geometric to integrate both the peculiarities of the text and the pixel distribution characteristics in the word image. These features are modelled using hidden Markov models and trained by embedded training. The experiments on images of the benchmark IFN/ENIT database show that the proposed system improves recognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recognition" title="recognition">recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handwriting" title=" handwriting"> handwriting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20text" title=" Arabic text"> Arabic text</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HMMs" title=" HMMs"> HMMs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded%20training" title=" embedded training"> embedded training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54405/recognition-of-cursive-arabic-handwritten-text-using-embedded-training-based-on-hidden-markov-models-hmms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Free Raducal Scavenging Activity of Fractionated Extract and Structural Elucidation of Isolated Compounds from Hydrocotyl Bonariensis Comm. Ex Lam Leaves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20O%20Ajani">Emmanuel O Ajani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabiu%20S"> Sabiu S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Zakari"> Mariam Zakari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisayo%20A%20Bamisaye"> Fisayo A Bamisaye </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrocotyl bonariensis is a plant which anticataractogenic potentials have been reported. In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the fractionates of the leaves extract and also characterize some of its chemical constituents. DPPH, H₂O₂, OH and NO free radical scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power activity was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the crude extract fractionates. Fresh leaves of Hydrocotyl bonariensis leaves were extracted in 70% methanol. The extract was partitioned with different solvent system of increasing polarity (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate methanol and water). Compounds were isolated from the aqueous practitionate using accelerated gradient chromatography, vacuum liquid chromatography, preparative TLC and conventional column chromatography. The presence of the chemical groups was established with HPLC and Fourier Transform Infra Red. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic study and chemical shifts. Data from the study indicates that all the fractionates contain compounds with free radical scavenging activity. This activity was more pronounced in the aqueous fractionate (DPPH IC₅₀, 0025 ± 0.011 mg/ml, metal chelating capacity 27.5%, OH- scavenging IC₅₀, 0.846 ± 0.037 mg/ml, H₂O₂ scavenging IC₅₀ 0.521 ± 0.015 mg/ml, reducing power IC₅₀ 0.248 ± 0.025 mg/ml and NO scavenging IC₅₀ 0.537 ± 0.038 mg/ml). Two compounds were isolated and when compared with data from the literature; the structures were suggestive of polyphenolic flavonoid, quercetin and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-sitosterol. The result indicates that H. bonariensis leaves contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title="antioxidant">antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cataract" title=" cataract"> cataract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20radical" title=" free radical"> free radical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocotyl%20bonariensis" title=" hydrocotyl bonariensis"> hydrocotyl bonariensis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72069/free-raducal-scavenging-activity-of-fractionated-extract-and-structural-elucidation-of-isolated-compounds-from-hydrocotyl-bonariensis-comm-ex-lam-leaves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Understanding Success Factors of an Information Security Management System Plan Phase Self-Implementation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurazean%20Maarop">Nurazean Maarop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorjan%20Mohd%20Mustapha"> Noorjan Mohd Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasimah%20Yusoff"> Rasimah Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roslina%20Ibrahim"> Roslina Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norziha%20Megat%20Mohd%20Zainuddin"> Norziha Megat Mohd Zainuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The goal of this study is to identify success factors that could influence the ISMS self-implementation in government sector from qualitative perspective. This study is based on a case study in one of the Malaysian government agency. Semi-structured interviews involving five key informants were conducted to examine factors addressed in the conceptual framework. Subsequently, thematic analysis was executed to describe the influence of each factor on the success implementation of ISMS. The result of this study indicates that management commitment, implementer commitment and implementer competency are part of the success factors for ISMS self-implementation in Malaysian Government Sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISMS%20success%20factors" title="ISMS success factors">ISMS success factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20project%20management" title=" IT project management"> IT project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IS%20success" title=" IS success"> IS success</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security "> information security </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25832/understanding-success-factors-of-an-information-security-management-system-plan-phase-self-implementation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Developing an Effectual Logic through a Visual Mind Mapping</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberti%20Pascal">Alberti Pascal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mouloua"> Mustapha Mouloua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Companies are confronted with complex and competitive markets. The dynamics of these markets are becoming more and more fluid, requiring companies to provide competitive, definite and technological responses within increasingly short timeframes. To meet this demand, companies must rely on the cognitive abilities of actors of creativity to provide tangible answers to current contextual problems. It therefore seems appropriate to provide instruments to support this particular stage of innovation. Various methods and tools can meet this requirement. For a number of years we have been conducting experiments on the use of mind maps in the context of innovation projects with teams of different nationalities. After presenting the main research carried out on this theme, we discuss the possible correlation between the different uses of iconic tools and certain types of innovation. We then provide a link with different cognitive logic. Finally, we conclude by putting our research into perspective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title="creativity">creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causal%20logic" title=" causal logic"> causal logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectual%20logic" title=" effectual logic"> effectual logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mind%20mapping" title=" mind mapping"> mind mapping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9265/developing-an-effectual-logic-through-a-visual-mind-mapping" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Optimisation of Extraction of Phenolic Compounds in Algerian Lavandula multifida, Algeria, NW</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Mahmoud%20Dif">Mustapha Mahmoud Dif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouzia%20Benali-Toumi"> Fouzia Benali-Toumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Benyahia"> Mohamed Benyahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofiane%20Bouazza"> Sofiane Bouazza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbes%20Dellal"> Abbes Dellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slimane%20Baha"> Slimane Baha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> L. multifida is applied to treat rheumatism and cold and has hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study is to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds in Algerian Lavandula multifida. The influences of parameters including temperature (decoction and maceration) and extraction time (15min to 45 min) on the flavonoids concentration are studied. The optimal conditions are determined and the quadratic response surfaces draw from the mathematical models. Total phenols were evaluated using Folin sicaltieu methods, total flavonoids were estimated using the Tri chloral aluminum method. The maximum concentration extracted, for total flavonoids, equal to 0.043 mg/g was achieved with decoction and extraction time of 41.55 min. However, for total phenol compounds highest concentration of 0.218 mg/g, is obtained with 45 min at 49.99°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%20multifidi" title="L multifidi">L multifidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenolic%20content" title=" phenolic content"> phenolic content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time" title=" time"> time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46388/optimisation-of-extraction-of-phenolic-compounds-in-algerian-lavandula-multifida-algeria-nw" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> The Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents in Public and Private Schools in Two Senatorial Districts of Osun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Akinola">O. Akinola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Mustapha"> R. Mustapha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity is the most serious long-term health problem currently facing adolescents and its prevalence increasing worldwide including developing countries. A cross-sectional study was carried out among age 11-19 years in both public and private school in the urban area of the state. The data was collected using pretest self-administered questionnaire; Anthropometric measurement was also used to examine their nutritional status. Obesity status were determined using BMI cut off point, the overweight was found to be 3.06% among female and 0.6% among male whereas the prevalence of obesity was 0.46% in female and non among male. 62.6% snack daily, fruit consumption pattern was low 0.6%, and 43.7% spend between 4-5 hours watching television daily after school. A positive association exists between the lifestyle and nutritional status of the respondents. Education effort to improve nutrition knowledge can be incorporated into course curriculum and focus on various components within the system when implementing preventive measure on obesity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title="adolescent">adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83183/the-prevalence-of-overweight-and-obesity-among-adolescents-in-public-and-private-schools-in-two-senatorial-districts-of-osun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Vulnerability Assessment for Protection of Ghardaia City to the Inundation of M’zabWadi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20Kamel%20Mihoubi">Mustapha Kamel Mihoubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Madi"> Reda Madi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The problem of natural disasters in general and flooding in particular is a topic which marks a memorable action in the world and specifically in cities and large urban areas. Torrential floods and faster flows pose a major problem in urban area. Indeed, a better management of risks of floods becomes a growing necessity that must mobilize technical and scientific means to curb the adverse consequences of this phenomenon, especially in the Saharan cities in arid climate. The aim of this study is to deploy a basic calculation approach based on a hydrologic and hydraulic quantification for locating the black spots in urban areas generated by the flooding and to locate the areas that are vulnerable to flooding. The principle of flooding method is applied to the city of Ghardaia to identify vulnerable areas to inundation and to establish maps management and prevention against the risks of flooding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alea" title="Alea">Alea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beni%20Mzab" title=" Beni Mzab"> Beni Mzab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartography" title=" cartography"> cartography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS" title=" HEC-RAS"> HEC-RAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inundation" title=" inundation"> inundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torrential" title=" torrential"> torrential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wadi" title=" wadi"> wadi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36481/vulnerability-assessment-for-protection-of-ghardaia-city-to-the-inundation-of-mzabwadi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakari%20Mustapha&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakari%20Mustapha&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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